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Journal articles on the topic 'Amphiphilic polymers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Lombardo, Domenico, Mikhail A. Kiselev, Salvatore Magazù, and Pietro Calandra. "Amphiphiles Self-Assembly: Basic Concepts and Future Perspectives of Supramolecular Approaches." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2015 (2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/151683.

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Amphiphiles are synthetic or natural molecules with the ability to self-assemble into a wide variety of structures including micelles, vesicles, nanotubes, nanofibers, and lamellae. Self-assembly processes of amphiphiles have been widely used to mimic biological systems, such as assembly of lipids and proteins, while their integrated actions allow the performance of highly specific cellular functions which has paved a way for bottom-up bionanotechnology. While amphiphiles self-assembly has attracted considerable attention for decades due to their extensive applications in material science, drug and gene delivery, recent developments in nanoscience stimulated the combination of the simple approaches of amphiphile assembly with the advanced concept of supramolecular self-assembly for the development of more complex, hierarchical nanostructures. Introduction of stimulus responsive supramolecular amphiphile assembly-disassembly processes provides particularly novel approaches for impacting bionanotechnology applications. Leading examples of these novel self-assembly processes can be found, in fact, in biosystems where assemblies of different amphiphilic macrocomponents and their integrated actions allow the performance of highly specific biological functions. In this perspective, we summarize in this tutorial review the basic concept and recent research on self-assembly of traditional amphiphilic molecules (such as surfactants, amphiphile-like polymers, or lipids) and more recent concepts of supramolecular amphiphiles assembly which have become increasingly important in emerging nanotechnology.

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2

Kohut, Ananiy, Andriy Voronov, and Stanislav Voronov. "Monomolecular Micelles Based on Amphiphilic Invertible Polymers." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 7, no. 3 (September 25, 2013): 261–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht07.03.261.

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3

Kugimoto, Daisuke, Aoi Taniguchi, Masaki Kinoshita, and Isamu Akiba. "Effect of Molecular Architecture on Associating Behavior of Star-Like Amphiphilic Polymers Consisting of Plural Poly(ethylene oxide) and One Alkyl Chain." Polymers 13, no. 3 (January 31, 2021): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13030460.

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Associating behavior of star-like amphiphilic polymers consisting of two or three poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) chains and one stearyl chain (C18) was investigated. Although the aggregation number (Nagg) of linear analogue of amphiphilic polymers monotonically decreased with increasing number-average molecular weight of PEO (Mn,PEO), the Nagg of micelles of star-like amphiphilic polymers with Mn,PEO = 550 g/mol was smaller than that with Mn,PEO = 750 g/mol, whereas that with Mn,PEO ≥ 750 g/mol showed general Mn,PEO dependence. Small-angle X-ray scattering analyses revealed that the occupied area of one PEO chain on the interface between hydrophobic core and corona layer in the micelles of star-like polymers was much narrower than that in the linear amphiphilic polymers. This result indica ted the PEO chains of star-like polymers partially took unfavorable conformation near the core–corona interface in polymer micelles. The effect of local conformation of PEO chains near the interface on the associating behavior became significant as Mn,PEO decreased. Therefore, in polymer micelles of star-like amphiphilic polymers containing PEO with Mn,PEO = 550 g/mol, the enlargement of occupied area of PEO on the core–corona interface should be caused to avoid the formation of unfavorable conformations of partial PEO chains, resulting in a decrease in Naggs.

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4

Demchuk, Zoriana, Mariya Savka, Andriy Voronov, Olga Budishevska, Volodymyr Donchak, and Stanislav Voronov. "Amphiphilic Polymers Containing Cholesterol for Drug Delivery Systems." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 10, no. 4s (December 25, 2016): 561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht10.04si.561.

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The interaction of binary copolymers poly(maleic anhydride-co-poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) with cholesterol results in formation of cholesterol containing polymers, which contain from 4.6 to 46.0 mol % monocholesteryl maleic links. Their structure was confirmed using functional analysis and IR spectroscopy. Acidic and anhydride links of these copolymers form polymeric salts if react with alkali. These salts are surfactants which in aqueous medium form a hierarchy micelles and micellar aggregates depending on the copolymer concentration. Using conductometry it was found that preferably monomolecular micelles are formed in dilute solutions, and micellar aggregates begin to form at higher concentrations. In aqueous media polymeric salts are able to solubilize such lipophilic substances as Sudan III dye and anticancer drug curcumin. Efficiency of solubilization towards Sudan III grows if the content of monocholesteryl maleic fragment in surfactant increases.

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5

Kancharla, Samhitha, Nathan A. Zoyhofski, Lucas Bufalini, Boris F. Chatelais, and Paschalis Alexandridis. "Association between Nonionic Amphiphilic Polymer and Ionic Surfactant in Aqueous Solutions: Effect of Polymer Hydrophobicity and Micellization." Polymers 12, no. 8 (August 15, 2020): 1831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12081831.

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The interaction in aqueous solutions of surfactants with amphiphilic polymers can be more complex than the surfactant interactions with homopolymers. Interactions between the common ionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nonionic amphiphilic polymers of the poly(ethylene oxide)–poly(propylene oxide)–poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) type have been probed utilizing a variety of experimental techniques. The polymer amphiphiles studied here are Pluronic F127 (EO100PO65EO100) and Pluronic P123 (EO19PO69EO19), having the same length PPO block but different length PEO blocks and, accordingly, very different critical micellization concentrations (CMC). With increasing surfactant concentration in aqueous solutions of fixed polymer content, SDS interacts with unassociated PEO-PPO-PEO molecules to first form SDS-rich SDS/Pluronic assemblies and then free SDS micelles. SDS interacts with micellized PEO-PPO-PEO to form Pluronic-rich SDS/Pluronic assemblies, which upon further increase in surfactant concentration, break down and transition into SDS-rich SDS/Pluronic assemblies, followed by free SDS micelle formation. The SDS-rich SDS/Pluronic assemblies exhibit polyelectrolyte characteristics. The interactions and mode of association between nonionic macromolecular amphiphiles and short-chain ionic amphiphiles are affected by the polymer hydrophobicity and its concentration in the aqueous solution. For example, SDS binds to Pluronic F127 micelles at much lower concentrations (~0.01 mM) when compared to Pluronic P123 micelles (~1 mM). The critical association concentration (CAC) values of SDS in aqueous PEO-PPO-PEO solutions are much lower than CAC in aqueous PEO homopolymer solutions.

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6

Kou, Zongliang, Detian Dou, Jiayi Zhu, Yinyin Mai, Herui Yi, Lihong Lan, and Ping Lan. "Release Mechanism and pH Responsiveness of Starch-Based Polymers." Nano 14, no. 11 (November 2019): 1950145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292019501455.

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Amphiphilic polymer carriers (PEG–St–[Formula: see text]) were prepared from cassava starch and their pH response was investigated. First, hydrophobic tapioca starch polymer (St–[Formula: see text]) was prepared with octyl acyl as the hydrophobic group. The hydrophilic group polyethylene glycol (mPEG) was then introduced into the polymer by esterification to produce amphiphilic tapioca starch polymer (PEG–St–[Formula: see text]). Its self-assembly behavior was characterized using fluorescent probes. The morphology of PEG–St–[Formula: see text] was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Loading of the anti-cancer drug curcumin was used to assess the delivery and slow-release performance of the amphiphilic tapioca starch polymer. Cumulative drug release was explored at various pH conditions, with the greatest release from drug-loaded micelles being observed under acidic conditions and stable in a neutral environment. These results provide a theoretical basis for the preparation of pH-responsive nanomicelle carriers, and a platform for the preparation of novel amphiphilic starch-based polymers.

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7

Saha, Debasish, Karthik R. Peddireddy, Jürgen Allgaier, Wei Zhang, Simona Maccarrone, Henrich Frielinghaus, and Dieter Richter. "Amphiphilic Comb Polymers as New Additives in Bicontinuous Microemulsions." Nanomaterials 10, no. 12 (December 2, 2020): 2410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10122410.

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It has been shown that the thermodynamics of bicontinuous microemulsions can be tailored via the addition of various different amphiphilic polymers. In this manuscript, we now focus on comb-type polymers consisting of hydrophobic backbones and hydrophilic side chains. The distinct philicity of the backbone and side chains leads to a well-defined segregation into the oil and water domains respectively, as confirmed by contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering experiments. This polymer–microemulsion structure leads to well-described conformational entropies of the polymer fragments (backbone and side chains) that exert pressure on the membrane, which influences the thermodynamics of the overall microemulsion. In the context of the different polymer architectures that have been studied by our group with regards to their phase diagrams and small-angle neutron scattering, the microemulsion thermodynamics of comb polymers can be described in terms of a superposition of the backbone and side chain fragments. The denser or longer the side chain, the stronger the grafting and the more visible the brush effect of the side chains becomes. Possible applications of the comb polymers as switchable additives are discussed. Finally, a balanced philicity of polymers also motivates transmembrane migration in biological systems of the polymers themselves or of polymer–DNA complexes.

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8

Takahashi, Haruko, Gregory A. Caputo, and Kenichi Kuroda. "Amphiphilic polymer therapeutics: an alternative platform in the fight against antibiotic resistant bacteria." Biomaterials Science 9, no. 8 (2021): 2758–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0bm01865a.

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9

Du, Zhukang, Xiaolong Yan, Ning Sun, and Biye Ren. "Dual stimuli-responsive nano-structure transition of three-arm branched amphiphilic polymers containing ferrocene (Fc) and azobenzene (Azo) moieties in aqueous solution." Soft Matter 15, no. 43 (2019): 8855–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01437c.

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10

Wessels, Michiel G., and Arthi Jayaraman. "Self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers of varying architectures near attractive surfaces." Soft Matter 16, no. 3 (2020): 623–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm02104c.

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We use coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the assembly of A–B amphiphilic polymers near/on surfaces as a function of polymer architecture and surface attraction to the solvophobic B-block in the polymer.

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11

Crucho, Carina I. C., and M. Teresa Barros. "Surfactant-free polymeric nanoparticles composed of PEG, cholic acid and a sucrose moiety." J. Mater. Chem. B 2, no. 25 (2014): 3946–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3tb21632b.

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New amphiphilic polymers synthesized from a sucrose-containing conjugate exhibited interesting self-assembly properties in water. Owing to their amphiphilic characteristics polymeric nanoparticles were prepared by a nanoprecipitation method without any surfactants. These nanoparticles formulated with biocompatible building blocks can be considered a potential candidate for drug delivery applications.

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12

Lin, Qianyu, Jason Y. C. Lim, Kun Xue, Celestine P. T. Chee, and Xian Jun Loh. "Supramolecular thermogels from branched PCL-containing polyurethanes." RSC Advances 10, no. 64 (2020): 39109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra07426h.

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13

Akiyama, Eri. "Emulsification using amphiphilic polymers." Oleoscience 12, no. 8 (2012): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/oleoscience.12.333.

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14

Finkelmann, H., B. Lühmann, E. Jahns, and M. Schafheutle. "Amphiphilic liquid crystalline polymers." Makromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia 4, no. 1 (July 1986): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19860040112.

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15

Takeshima, Hisaaki, Kotaro Satoh, and Masami Kamigaito. "Naturally-Derived Amphiphilic Polystyrenes Prepared by Aqueous Controlled/Living Cationic Polymerization and Copolymerization of Vinylguaiacol with R–OH/BF3·OEt2." Polymers 10, no. 12 (December 18, 2018): 1404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10121404.

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In this study, we investigated direct-controlled/living cationic polymerization and copolymerization of 4-vinylguaiacol (4VG), i.e., 4-hydroxy-3-methoxystyrene, which can be derived from naturally-occurring ferulic acid, to develop novel bio-based amphiphilic polystyrenes with phenol functions. The controlled/living cationic polymerization of 4VG was achieved using the R–OH/BF3·OEt2 initiating system, which is effective for the controlled/living polymerization of petroleum-derived 4-vinylphenol in the presence of a large amount of water via reversible activation of terminal C–OH bond catalyzed by BF3·OEt2, to result in the polymers with controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions. The random or block copolymerization of 4VG was also examined using p-methoxystyrene (pMOS) as a comonomer with an aqueous initiating system to tune the amphiphilic nature of the 4VG-derived phenolic polymers. The obtained polymer can be expected not only to be used as a novel styrenic bio-based polymer but also as a material with amphiphilic nature for some applications.

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16

Chang, Chih-Hao, Chih-Hung Chang, Ya-Wen Yang, Hsuan-Yu Chen, Shu-Jyuan Yang, Wei-Cheng Yao, and Chi-Yang Chao. "Quaternized Amphiphilic Block Copolymers as Antimicrobial Agents." Polymers 14, no. 2 (January 8, 2022): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14020250.

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In this study, a novel polystyrene-block-quaternized polyisoprene amphipathic block copolymer (PS-b-PIN) is derived from anionic polymerization. Quaternized polymers are prepared through post-quaternization on a functionalized polymer side chain. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of quaternized polymers without red blood cell (RBCs) hemolysis can be controlled by block composition, side chain length, and polymer morphology. The solvent environment is highly related to the polymer morphology, forming micelles or other structures. The polymersome formation would decrease the hemolysis and increase the electron density or quaternized groups density as previous research and our experiment revealed. Herein, the PS-b-PIN with N,N-dimethyldodecylamine as side chain would form a polymersome structure in the aqueous solution to display the best inhibiting bacterial growth efficiency without hemolytic effect. Therefore, the different single-chain quaternized groups play an important role in the antibacterial action, and act as a controllable factor.

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17

Wessels, Michiel G., and Arthi Jayaraman. "Molecular dynamics simulation study of linear, bottlebrush, and star-like amphiphilic block polymer assembly in solution." Soft Matter 15, no. 19 (2019): 3987–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm00375d.

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18

Cui, Dong, Chen Xie, Yan Lyu, Xu Zhen, and Kanyi Pu. "Near-infrared absorbing amphiphilic semiconducting polymers for photoacoustic imaging." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 5, no. 23 (2017): 4406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tb03393h.

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Near-infrared (NIR) absorbing amphiphilic semiconducting polymers with absorption maximum at 804 nm were designed and synthesized. This polymer can spontaneously self-assemble into homogeneous water-soluble nanoparticles in aqueous solution and efficiently convert photon energy into heat, allowing for photoacoustic imaging of tumor in living mice.

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19

Asada, Masahiko, Hisakazu Tanaka, Yukie Suwa, Sachiko Irifune, Shigehito Osawa, and Hidenori Otsuka. "Tuning Pre-Solution of an Amphiphilic Polymeric Dispersant with Low Acid-Value toward Colored-Ink Preparation." Applied Sciences 13, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 1834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13031834.

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Recently, a variety of amphiphilic block copolymers for water-based color inks as pigment dispersants have been developed. Although such dispersants require both high adsorption of pigments and dispersion-stability in water, the most crucial issue is the difficulty in controlling the affinity balance of the polymeric dispersants between the pigments and aqueous media. Therefore, it is important to increase the solubility of the hydrophobic polymers with low acid-value for ink design. Amphiphilic block copolymers containing styrene-based blocks as hydrophobic segments and methacrylic acid blocks as hydrophilic segments were prepared. The polymers with low acid-value could not dissolve in the alkaline solution directly. They could dissolve in methyl-ethyl-ketone (MEK) at room temperature and diethylene glycol (DEG), with heating. Polymer aqueous solutions were successfully prepared using polymer solutions in DEG as the pre-solutions. Because they were also unable to dissolve directly even in an alkaline solution containing DEG, the existence of DEG is not important, but the process employing the pre-solution is important. The influence of pre-solution viscosity on solubility in water was evaluated. The result suggests that the high viscosity of the DEG solution would work to slowly disperse the polymers in the alkaline solution, efficiently converting polymers into an aqueous soluble state, owing to there being enough time for the neutralization of the carboxylic acids of the polymers. Note that in the pre-solution of a lower concentration, the aqueous solution did not become clear, and the larger particle sizes were detected. These results showed that the viscosity of the pre-solution is an essential factor in solubilization in water. Using this method, the polymeric dispersants with low hydrophilicity were well dissolved in water, up to a high concentration.

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20

Zhao, Jiahui, Peng Zhang, Lin Cao, Haoling Huo, Huaijun Lin, Qiwei Wang, Florian Vogel, Wei Li, and Zhidan Lin. "Amphiphilic Grafted Polymers Based on Citric Acid and Aniline Used to Enhance the Antifouling and Permeability Properties of PES Membranes." Molecules 28, no. 4 (February 17, 2023): 1936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041936.

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Water treatment technology based on ultrafiltration (UF) faces the problem of severe membrane fouling due to its inherent hydrophobicity. The use of amphiphilic polymers that possess both hydrophobic and hydrophilic chain segments can be advantageous for the hydrophilic modification of UF membranes due to their excellent combination in the membrane matrix. In the present study, we examined a novel amphiphilic CA–g–AN material, constructed by grafting citric acid (CA) to aniline (AN), as a modified material to improve the hydrophilicity of a PES membrane. This material was more compatible with the polymer membrane matrix than a pure hydrophilic modified material. The polyethersulfone (PES) membranes modified by amphiphilic CA–g–AN demonstrated a higher water flux (290.13 L·m−2·h−1), which was more than eight times higher than that of the pure PES membrane. Furthermore, the flux recovery ratio (FRR) of the modified membrane could reach 83.24% and the value of the water contact angle (WCA) was 76.43°, demonstrating the enhanced hydrophilicity and antifouling ability of the modified membranes. With this study, we aimed to develop a new amphiphilic polymer to improve the antifouling property and permeability of polymer-based UF membranes to remove organic pollutants from water.

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21

Moleavin, Ioana, Constanta Ibanescu, Anca Hodorog-Rusu, Ecaterina Peptu, Florica Doroftei, and Nicolae Hurduc. "Amphiphilic azopolymers capable to generate photo-sensitive micelles." Open Chemistry 9, no. 6 (December 1, 2011): 1117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-011-0102-y.

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AbstractAmphiphilic macromolecular micelles are advantageous for drug delivery applications due to the decrease of side-effects, ease of screening drugs against degradation, long-term stability, targeted delivery and control of the amount of the released drug. A series of amphiphilic azo-polymers having a flexible or rigid main-chain were synthesized and characterized. The presence of chlorobenzyl side-groups allowed both the easy bonding of photo-sensitive or hydrophilic groups and good control of the degree of substitution. The chemical structure was confirmed by 1H-NMR. The critical concentration of aggregation (CCA) was calculated using the fluorescence emission spectrum of pyrene. The interest was focused on a preliminary study concerning the disaggregation capacity of micelles under UV irradiation. The presence of micellar aggregates was confirmed by DLS and SEM and different organization of the amphiphilic polymers was evidenced depending on polymers concentration and polymers structure. In low polymer concentrations in water predominantly globular aggregates were formed. The increase in concentration increased the polydispersity index due to the fusion of micelles and formation of associates of globular aggregates, inter-micellar associates (clusters) and vesicles.

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22

Makino, Akira, and Shunsaku Kimura. "Solid Tumor-Targeting Theranostic Polymer Nanoparticle in Nuclear Medicinal Fields." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/424513.

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Polymer nanoparticles can be prepared by self-assembling of amphiphilic polymers, and various types of molecular assemblies have been reported. In particular, in medicinal fields, utilization of these polymer nanoparticles as carriers for drug delivery system (DDS) has been actively tried, and some nanoparticulate drugs are currently under preclinical evaluations. A radionuclide is an unstable nucleus and decays with emission of radioactive rays, which can be utilized as a tracer in the diagnostic imaging systems of PET and SPECT and also in therapeutic purposes. Since polymer nanoparticles can encapsulate most of diagnostic and therapeutic agents with a proper design of amphiphilic polymers, they should be effective DDS carriers of radionuclides in the nuclear medicinal field. Indeed, nanoparticles have been recently attracting much attention as common platform carriers for diagnostic and therapeutic drugs and contribute to the development of nanotheranostics. In this paper, recent developments of solid tumor-targeting polymer nanoparticles in nuclear medicinal fields are reviewed.

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23

Li, Jie, Wenxi Li, Lisi Xie, Wei Sang, Guohao Wang, Zhan Zhang, Bei Li, et al. "A metal–polyphenolic nanosystem with NIR-II fluorescence-guided combined photothermal therapy and radiotherapy." Chemical Communications 57, no. 87 (2021): 11473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc04628d.

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A polyphenolic semiconducting polymer was prepared to chelate the high-Z Hf ions, followed by coating of the amphiphilic polymers to form a nanostructure (CPPDA–Hf@Poloxamer nanoparticles) for precise lesion imaging and photothermal therapy.

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24

Tan, Xinxin, Liulin Yang, Zehuan Huang, Ying Yu, Zhiqiang Wang, and Xi Zhang. "Amphiphilic diselenide-containing supramolecular polymers." Polymer Chemistry 6, no. 5 (2015): 681–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4py01440e.

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25

Solov’eva, A. B., N. A. Aksenova, N. N. Glagolev, N. S. Melik-Nubarov, A. V. Ivanov, V. I. Volkov, and A. V. Chernyak. "Amphiphilic polymers in photodynamic therapy." Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B 6, no. 3 (May 2012): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1990793112060061.

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26

Fang, T. R., G. F. Xu, and S. X. Xu. "Water-soluble and amphiphilic polymers." Polymer Bulletin 25, no. 4 (April 1991): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00310237.

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27

Fang, T. R., and X. B. Zhu. "Water-soluble and amphiphilic polymers." Polymer Bulletin 25, no. 4 (April 1991): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00310238.

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28

Fang, Tainru, Lichun Ji, Jingang Yu, Liyan Wang, and Suxian Xu. "Water-soluble and amphiphilic polymers." Polymer Bulletin 29, no. 1-2 (August 1992): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00558038.

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29

Khalatur, Pavel G., and Alexei R. Khokhlov. "Self-organization of amphiphilic polymers." Polimery 59, no. 01 (January 2014): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2014.074.

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30

Maresov, E. A., and A. N. Semenov. "Mesoglobule Morphologies of Amphiphilic Polymers." Macromolecules 41, no. 23 (December 9, 2008): 9439–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma801260g.

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31

Tianru, Fang, Buo Shuquin, Xie Haoyan, Zhang Wanjun, and Yu Li. "Water-soluble and amphiphilic polymers." Polymer Bulletin 22, no. 3 (September 1989): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00282858.

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32

Tianru, Fang, Xu Suxian, and Lei Yan. "Water-soluble and amphiphilic polymers." Polymer Bulletin 22, no. 3 (September 1989): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00282859.

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33

Leiva, Angel, Ligia Gargallo, Deodato Radić, and Oscar Chiantore. "Adsorption Behavior of Amphiphilic Polymers." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 215, no. 2 (July 1999): 420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1999.6266.

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34

RICO-LATTES, ISABELLE, MURIEL BLANZAT, EMILE PEREZ, ELODIE SOUSSAN, and CRISTINA STEFANIU. "CATANIONIC SUGAR DERIVED AMPHIPHILES: FROM MOLECULES TO TARGETED BIOMIMETIC SYSTEMS." Biophysical Reviews and Letters 01, no. 04 (October 2006): 423–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179304800600029x.

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In the course of our investigations of routes for general and convenient synthesis of amphiphiles derived from sugars, we reported new synthetic ways to prepare catanionic surfactants, polymers and dendrimers using unprotected lactose or lactobionic acid. Moreover we developed amphiphilic dendrimers bearing sugar polar heads. These compounds are of interest for their biological applications (mimics of natural ligands of proteins (e.g. gp 120 of HIV), encapsulation, vectorisation).

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35

Liu, Keyuan, Long Ye, Yao Wang, Ganhong Du, and Liming Jiang. "A Pseudopeptide Polymer Micelle Used for Asymmetric Catalysis of the Aldol Reaction in Water." Polymers 10, no. 9 (September 10, 2018): 1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10091004.

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Micelles assembled from amphiphilic molecules have proved to be ideal scaffolds to construct artificial catalysts mimicking enzymatic catalytic behavior. In this paper, we describe the synthesis of amphiphilic poly(2-oxazoline) derivatives with l-prolinamide units in the side chain and their application in asymmetric aldol reactions. Upon dissolution in water, the pseudopeptide polymers self-assembled into particles with different sizes, relying on the copolymer composition and distribution of hydrophilic/hydrophobic segments in the polymer chain. A preliminary study has demonstrated that the catalytic activity of these polymeric organocatalysts are strongly dependent on the aggregated architecture. The micelle-type assemblies can act as nanoreactors to efficiently promote the direct aldolisation of cyclohexanone with aromatic aldehydes in aqueous media, affording anti-aldol products in excellent yields (88–99%) and higher stereoselectivities (90/10 dr, 86% ee) compared to their nonmicellar systems under identical conditions.

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36

Yusa, Shin-ichi. "Self-Assembly of Cholesterol-Containing Water-Soluble Polymers." International Journal of Polymer Science 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/609767.

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Self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers containing cholesteryl groups has proved to be attractive in the field of nanotechnology research. Some cholesterol derivatives are known to form ordered structures which indicate thermotropic and lyotropic liquid-crystalline, monolayers, multilayers, micelles, and liposomes. This paper involves the synthesis and characterization of various kinds of amphiphilic polymers bearing cholesteryl moieties.

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37

Chen, Xiao Nong, and Robert Pelton. "Pre-Adsorption of Amphiphilic Polymers on Synthetic Surfaces for Biofouling Retardation." Advanced Materials Research 11-12 (February 2006): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.11-12.363.

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Polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), glass and stainless steel were exposed to aqueous solutions of a series amphiphilic polymers at room temperature, including N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM)-based polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polypropylene oxide (PPO)-polyethylene oxide (PEO) block copolymers and PEO. Dynamic contact angle measurements of the material surfaces before and after the treatment indicate that only NIPAM-based polymers can adsorb on both hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. The surface morphologies of the materials before and after polymer adsorption were investigated by profilometry. Protein adsorption on the surfaces pre-adsorbed NIPAM-based polymers was investigated by dual polarisation interferometry (DPI) and profilometry using lysozyme as the model protein. The results obtained indicate that NIPAM-based polymers can significantly improve the biofouling resistance of synthetic surfaces.

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García-Bosch, N., M. Liras, I. Quijada-Garrido, and O. García. "Multiamino polymeric capping of fluorescent silver nanodots as an effective protective, amphiphilic and pH/thermo-responsive coating." RSC Advances 6, no. 72 (2016): 67643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra12024e.

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New multiamino thermosensitive polymers based on MEO₂MA have been described and used to the in situ synthesis of polymeric capped silver nanodots. The new highly luminescent hybrids show amphiphilic and pH/thermo-responsiveness.

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39

Szafran, Mikolaj, and Gabriel Rokicki. "New Polymeric Binders in Ceramic Processing." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.453.

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The results of studies on the application of new water-dispersible binders such as poly(acrylic-styrene), poly(acrylic-allyl ether) for die and isostatic pressing and tape casting of Al2O3 ceramics are presented. The properties of these acrylic polymers were modified by insertion of selected amphiphilic macromonomers into the polymer chains. These amphiphilic macromonomers, due to the proper ratio of the hydrophilic to hydrophobic fragments, play the role of not only an internal plasticizer, but they also modify the adhesion of such binders to the ceramic powder particles. The influence of chemical structure of these copolymers on the properties of alumina ceramics is discussed. The investigations on properties of alumina ceramics obtained by gelcasting method using new water soluble acrylic monomers containing hydroxyl groups in their chemical structure as well as by direct coagulation casting method using polymeric flocculants are also presented and discussed.

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40

Durand, Alain. "Bile Acids as Building Blocks of Amphiphilic Polymers. Applications and Comparison with Other Systems." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 72, no. 11 (2007): 1553–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20071553.

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This review deals with the use of bile acids as building blocks of amphiphilic polymers. These natural polyfunctional organic molecules have been employed in the synthesis of macromolecules combining hydrophilic and hydrophobic sequences. The two main synthetic strategies are radical (co)polymerization after attachment of a vinyl group onto the bile acid and molecule grafting of bile acid onto a hydrophilic polymer. The physicochemical properties of the resulting polymers both as bulk materials and in aqueous solution are reviewed and compared with polymers of other structures. Whenever possible, semiquantitative correlations are established and discussed.

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Istratov, V. V., V. I. Gomzyak, O. V. Yamskova, G. D. Markova, L. G. Komarova, B. A. Izmaylov, and V. A. Vasnev. "Novel polymer surfactants based on the branched silatrane-containing polyesters and polyethers." Fine Chemical Technologies 14, no. 5 (November 14, 2019): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2019-14-5-61-70.

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Objectives. Biologically active polymeric surfactants are a new promising class of macromolecules that can find application in medicine, cosmetology, and agriculture. In this study, a number of new biologically active amphiphilic polymers based on branched silatrane-containing polyesters and polyethers were obtained, and their surface-active properties were investigated.Methods. The branched polymers were represented by polyethers and polyesters, obtained respectively via the anionic polymerization of 1,2-epoxypropanol or a combination of equilibrium polycondensation and ring opening polymerization. The polymers were modified with 3-isocyanopropylsilatrane and trimethylethoxysilane to obtain the amphiphilic compounds containing silatrane groups bonded to the polymer backbone by the urethane bond. The structure of the synthesized polymer silatranes was confirmed via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The surface active properties of all the copolymers obtained were investigated in connection with their obvious amphiphilicity. In particular, the formation of micelles in aqueous solutions is such a property. The critical micelle concentrations were determined by a method of quenching the fluorescence of the polymers.Results. It was shown that the values of the critical micelle concentrations and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance values of polymers determined by the Griffin equation correlate well with each other. A linear relationship between the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance and the critical micelle concentrations was established. At the same time, polyether-based polymers generally showed higher critical micelle concentrations than polyester-based polymers, although the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance values for polymers of different series, but with close degrees of substitution, were close. It was found that the use of all synthesized polymers as stabilizers of direct and reverse emulsions leads to an increase in the aggregative stability of both types of emulsions. The stability of emulsions depended both on the degree of substitution of peripheral hydroxyl groups of polymers by silatranes and on the molecular weight and structure of the branched block of polymers. The stability of direct emulsions increased for all polymers, while that of inverse emulsions decreased with an increasing degree of substitution of hydroxyl groups by silatranes. The increase of the branched block molecular weight led to an increase of droplet sizes for both direct and inverse emulsions. The smallest droplet size for direct and inverse emulsions was obtained using polymers with low molecular weight branched polyester blocks as surfactants.Conclusions. The results obtained prove the possibility of creating polymer surfactants containing silatrane groups. By varying the structure of the polymer, its molecular weight and the degree of substitution of peripheral functional groups, it is possible to obtain surfactants with desired surface properties.

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Reichenwallner, Jörg, Anja Thomas, Lutz Nuhn, Tobias Johann, Annette Meister, Holger Frey, and Dariush Hinderberger. "Tunable dynamic hydrophobic attachment of guest molecules in amphiphilic core–shell polymers." Polymer Chemistry 7, no. 37 (2016): 5783–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6py01335j.

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In this study, synthesis and dynamic properties of amphiphilic core–shell polymers are reported as monitored through their interaction with small amphiphilic ligands. Our findings point to a most complex self-assembling nature of those host and guest molecules.

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Kojima, Chie, Tomoka Hirose, Risa Katayama, and Akikazu Matsumoto. "Solubilization of Paclitaxel by Self-Assembled Amphiphilic Phospholipid-Mimetic Polymers with Varied Hydrophobicity." Polymers 13, no. 16 (August 20, 2021): 2805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162805.

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2-Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymers have been used as a coating agent on medical devices and as a carrier in drug delivery systems (DDSs). Paclitaxel (PTX) is a water-insoluble anticancer drug whose solubilizer is necessary for administration. Block and random copolymers composed of hydrophilic MPC and butyl methacrylate, named PMB, show different properties, depending on the polymer sequence and MPC content. In the present study, we used amphiphilic MPC polymers comprising hydrophobic dodecyl methacrylate (DMA). The self-assembling properties and PTX solubilization of random and block poly(MPC-co-DMA)s (rPMDs and bPMDs) with different compositions were examined and compared. rPMDs with high DMA content formed large and relatively loose self-assembled structures, which solubilized PTX. However, bPMDs formed small and compact self-assembled structures with poor PTX solubilization. PTX solubilized by PMB with small and loose self-assembled structures showed efficient drug action, similar to free PTX; however, rPMDs fell short of demonstrating PTX efficiency. Our results suggest that the self-assembling properties and the hydrophobicity of amphiphilic MPC polymers largely affect PTX solubilization as well as drug action, which is required to be controlled by the polymer sequence, as well as the structure and composition of the hydrophobic monomer for efficient DDS.

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Zhang, Tao, Hui Cao, Haoguan Gui, Zhiguang Xu, and Yan Zhao. "Microphase-separated, magnetic macroporous polymers with amphiphilic swelling from emulsion templating." Polymer Chemistry 13, no. 8 (2022): 1090–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1py01584b.

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PolyHIPEs with amphiphilic swelling were fabricated by copolymerization, proving a strategy for the preparation of polyHIPEs with amphiphilic swelling. The polyHIPEs showed microphase-separated crystalline void walls and magnetic responsiveness.

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Winnik, Françoise M., Alexander Adronov, and Hiromi Kitano. "Pyrene-labeled amphiphilic poly-(N-isopropylacrylamides) prepared by using a lipophilic radical initiator: synthesis, solution properties in water, and interactions with liposomes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 73, no. 11 (November 1, 1995): 2030–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v95-251.

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Fluorescently labeled amphiphilic poly-(N-isopropylacrylamides) (PNIPAM) substituted with a N-[4-(1-pyrenyl)butyl]-N-n-octadecyl group at the chain end were prepared by free-radical polymerization in dioxane of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) using 4,4′-azobis{4-cyano-N,N-[4-(1-pyrenyl)butyl]-n-octadecyl}pentanamide as the initiator. The solution properties of the polymers in water were studied as a function of polymer concentration and temperature. Quasi-elastic light-scattering measurements and fluorescence experiments monitoring the pyrene excimer and pyrene monomer emissions revealed the presence of multimolecular polymeric micelles below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM. These underwent partial, reversible reorganization as they were heated above the LCST. The interactions of the pyrene-labeled amphiphilic PNIPAM with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) liposomes have been examined in water at 25 °C. From fluorescence experiments it was established that the polymeric micelles are disrupted irreversibly upon contact with the liposomes. The anchoring of the polymer chains occurs by insertion of their hydrophobic tail within the phospholipidic bilayer, as evidenced from a large decrease of the pyrene excimer emission relative to pyrene monomer emission. The copolymers remained anchored within the bilayer as the temperature of the copolymer–liposome suspension was raised above the LCST of PNIPAM. Keywords: liposome, poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide), fluorescence, micelles.

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Jones, Marie-Christine, and Jean-Christophe Leroux. "Reverse micelles from amphiphilic branched polymers." Soft Matter 6, no. 23 (2010): 5850. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0sm00272k.

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VELICHKOVA, R. "Amphiphilic polymers from macromonomers and telechelics." Progress in Polymer Science 20, no. 5 (1995): 819–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0079-6700(95)00004-y.

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Förster, Stephan. "Colloids and polymers: Amphiphilic block copolymers." Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie 101, no. 11 (November 1997): 1671–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbpc.19971011124.

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Pasquier, Nicolas, Helmut Keul, Elisabeth Heine, Martin Moeller, Borislav Angelov, Sebastian Linser, and Regine Willumeit. "Amphiphilic Branched Polymers as Antimicrobial Agents." Macromolecular Bioscience 8, no. 10 (October 8, 2008): 903–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mabi.200800121.

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Xu, H., R. Heger, F. Mallwitz, M. Blankenhagel, C. Peyratout, and Werner A. Goedel. "Monolayers and membranes from amphiphilic polymers." Macromolecular Symposia 177, no. 1 (January 2002): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3900(200201)177:1<175::aid-masy175>3.0.co;2-k.

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