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Journal articles on the topic 'An Aid in the Diagnosis of Dry Eye Syndromes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Candrea, Elisabeta, Cristina Pamfil, Lavinia Prodan, et al. "Dry Eye Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus." Romanian Journal of Military Medicine 127, no. 4 (2024): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2024.127.4.5.

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: Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multi-organ autoimmune disease of unknown etiology characterized by widespread inflammation and significant morbidity and mortality. Organ affection includes joint and cutaneous involvement, pulmonary, neurological, and cardiac problems, renal and hematological involvement as well as ocular comorbidities, both posterior but mostly anterior ocular involvement. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate dry eye involvement in lupus patients. A cross-sectional study was performed with the aid of a web-based, anonymous questionnaire that was distributed to both patients di

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Al-Namaeh, Mashael. "Ocular manifestations of Parkinson disease." Medical Hypothesis, Discovery & Innovation in Optometry 1, no. 1 (2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry101.

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Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. We aimed to review both the disease and the drug-related ocular manifestations of PD. Methods: In this manuscript, we have reviewed and summarized existing literature on the ocular manifestations and drug-related complications of PD. We have also discussed the use of current noninvasive imaging techniques, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), for the early diagnosis and monitoring of PD. Results: Impaired color vision, reduced stereopsis, reduced contrast sensitivity, pupillary abnorma

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Lambert, Lester H., Noreen Shaikh, Jeffrey L. Marx, and David J. Ramsey. "End-stage crystalline maculopathy with retinal atrophy in Sjögren-Larsson syndrome: a case report and review of the literature." Therapeutic Advances in Rare Disease 3 (January 2022): 263300402211224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26330040221122496.

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Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is a rare, autosomal recessive neurocutaneous disorder. It is caused by the inheritance of sequence variants in the ALDH3A2 gene, which codes for fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (FALDH). Universal signs of the condition are congenital ichthyosis, spastic paresis of the lower and upper limbs, and reduced intellectual ability. In addition to this clinical triad, patients with SLS experience dry eyes and decreased visual acuity caused by a progressive retinal degeneration. Examination of the retina in patients with SLS often reveals glistening yellow crystal-like depos

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Regis, Beatriz Cavalcanti, Ariadne Sampaio Toledo Fernandes, Laércio Pol-Fachin, and Daniela Sampaio Silva Gonçalves. "Doença do olho seco na era COVID-19: uma revisão de escopo." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 11 (2022): e122111133299. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i11.33299.

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O presente estudo busca correlacionar o uso da máscara facial e dispositivos eletrônicos na era COVID-19 com o surgimento ou agravamento da doença do olho seco. Bancos de dados online foram usados para identificar artigos publicados em 2020 e 2021, através dos descritores “dry eye syndromes”, “covid-19”, “diagnosis” e “asthenopia” encontrados no MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), associados ao operador booleano AND. Após a leitura dos títulos, resumos e textos na íntegra, dezessete artigos foram selecionados para compor o trabalho. Além disso, por indicação de especialista, o maior estudo mundia

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Pflugfelder, S. C. "Differential Diagnosis of Dry Eye Conditions." Advances in Dental Research 10, no. 1 (1996): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374960100011801.

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The pre-ocular tear film is a complex biochemical structure produced by the lacrimal glands and epithelial cells on the ocular surface. Clinical syndromes of ocular irritation may result from deficiencies in one or more of these layers. At a recent dry eye workshop at the National Eye Institute, dry eye conditions were classified into those with adequate aqueous tear production and those with aqueous tear deficiency. The majority of patients with aqueous adequate dry eye suffer from meibomian gland dysfunction that results in lipid tear deficiency. Aqueous tear deficiency can be subclassified

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Abelson, Mark B., George W. Ousler, and Lauren A. Nally. "DRY EYE SYNDROMES: DIAGNOSIS, CLINICAL TRIALS, AND TREATMENT." Cornea 19, Supplement 2 (2000): S72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003226-200011002-00003.

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Nelson, J. Daniel, Alan Tomlinson, and Norihiko Yokoi. "Dry Eye Syndromes: Classification, Diagnosis & Outcome Measures." Ocular Surface 3 (January 2005): S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1542-0124(12)70334-8.

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Odinaeva, K. N., N. S. Al Khateeb, and M. A. Frolov. "Dry eye syndrome in patients with gout." POINT OF VIEW. EAST – WEST, no. 4 (November 2, 2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2410-1257-2021-4-6-11.

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Purpose. To determine and study the features of the development of dry eye syndrome (DES) in gout, depending on urate-lowering therapy, the duration of the gout disease and the concentration of uric acid in the tear. Material and methods. The study involved 149 male patients (261 eyes) aged 35 to 75 years (mean age 60.63 ± 11.00 years). Among them, 110 people (202 eyes) with an established diagnosis: "Cataract with concomitant gout disease" and 39 people (59 eyes) with cataracts without clinical and laboratory signs of gout. All patients underwent both standard ophthalmological examinations an

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Barrientos, Robinson T., Fernando Godín, Carlos Rocha-De-Lossada, et al. "Ophthalmological Approach for the Diagnosis of Dry Eye Disease in Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome." Life 12, no. 11 (2022): 1899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12111899.

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Dry eye has two basic subdivisions: aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE), with SS a major cause; and evaporative dry eye (EDE), due to either intrinsic or extrinsic factors. SS is a chronic inflammatory disorder defined by dysfunction of the exocrine glands leading to dry eye and dry mouth. The objective of this article was to carry out a systematic and critical review of several scientific publications on dry eye disease, with the aim of providing general recommendations to distinguish dry eye and its different variants in patients with SS, during the period 1979 to 2020, using search engines for

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Maurya, Rajendra P., Vibha Singh, Ashish Gupta, et al. "Dry eye disease associated with Primary Sjogren syndrome: An update." Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 7, no. 2 (2021): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2021.055.

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Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a chronic, multisystem autoimmune disorder, characterized by mononuclear infiltration of exocrine glands and other organs, resulting in dry eye, dry mouth and extra-glandular systemic findings. Primary Sjögren syndrome is of particular interest to ophthalmologists as it constitutes an important differential diagnosis in conditions with dry eye disease. The ocular tests are of great importance for diagnosis and monitoring of primary sjogren’s syndrome. Also a better understanding of immunological mechanisms and molecular pathways have resulted in discovery of

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Lee, Charity J., Elizabeth R. Felix, Roy C. Levitt, et al. "Traumatic brain injury, dry eye and comorbid pain diagnoses in US veterans." British Journal of Ophthalmology 102, no. 5 (2017): 667–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310509.

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AimsThe purpose of the study is to evaluate the relationship between dry eye (DE) and pain diagnoses in US veterans with and without traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsRetrospective cohort study of veterans who were seen in the Veterans Administration Hospital (VA) between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2014. Veterans were separated into two groups by the presence or absence of an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis of TBI and assessed for DE and other comorbidities. A dendrogram was used to investigate the linkage between TBI, DE, chronic pain and other comorbi

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Odinaeva, K. N., N. S. Alkhateeb, and M. A. Frolov. "Features of the development of dry eye syndrome with gout." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2021-2-146-153.

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Purpose. To determine and study the features of the development of dry eye syndrome in gout, depending on urate-lowering therapy, the duration of the gout disease and the concentration of uric acid in the tear. Materials and methods. The study involved 149 male patients (261 eyes) aged 35 to 75 years (mean age 60.63 ± 11.00 years). Among them, 110 people (202 eyes) with an established diagnosis: «Cataract with concomitant gout disease» and 39 people (59 eyes) with cataracts without clinical and laboratory signs of gout. All patients underwent both standard ophthalmological examinations and spe

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Korneeva, A. V., S. S. Strakhova, and I. A. Loskutov. "Clinical features of dry eye syndrome and evaluation of the effectiveness of artificial tear therapy in patients with anxiety and depression after cataract and keratorefractive surgery." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 13 (August 19, 2023): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/ms2023-258.

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Introduction. Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a common cause of blurred vision and discomfort in patients after eye surgery, which has a great impact on the on the patients’ mental state. Evaluation of the presence of DES during the preoperative examination is important not only for obtaining a high postoperative result, but also for the timely administration of therapy in order to improve the patient's quality of life.Aim. Thus, the aim of this study was to establish the features of the clinical course of dry eye syndrome and to determine the effectiveness of ultra-high viscosity hyaluronic acid th

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Uram, Ewa, Rafał Bogacz, Magdalena Gaik, et al. "focus on Sjogren’s Dry Eye Disease - pathogenesis, patient management, and new advancements in therapy." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 37, no. 1 (2023): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.37.01.010.

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Introduction: Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is a systemic chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that primarily affects exocrine glands. Most commonly Sjogren’s syndrome presents with dryness of the mouth and eyes, but it can also affect major organs and systems of the body and increase the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Due to non-specific symptoms that pose diagnostic challenges and a lack of standardized screening tools and classification criteria, the global incidence and prevalence of the disease are hard to evaluate. Studies estimate that Sjogren’s syndrome affects between

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Venkatesh, M. P. "Current advances in dry eye disease diagnosis and treatment." Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences 12, no. 2 (2023): 5724–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.55522/jmpas.v12i2.4952.

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Dry eye disease (DED) is a disorder of the ocular surface caused due to hyperosmolarity and insufficient production of tears to moisturize the eye, which leads to less lubrication and ocular surface inflammation and results in visual disturbance and discomfort to the eye. Long-time use of computers, laptops, and mobiles causes less blinking, making the eye's mucin layer thinner, leading to tear-film instability and DED. Tens of millions of people are getting affected by DED worldwide. It is also known as Sjogren's syndrome, which impacts the lacrimal gland of the eyes, decreases tear secretion

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De Luca, Andrea, Alessandro Ferraro, Chiara De Gregorio, et al. "Promising High-Tech Devices in Dry Eye Disease Diagnosis." Life 13, no. 7 (2023): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13071425.

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Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is a common and debilitating condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite its prevalence, the diagnosis and management of DED can be challenging, as the condition is multifactorial and symptoms can be nonspecific. In recent years, there have been significant advancements in diagnostic technology for DED, including the development of several new devices. Methods: A literature review of articles on the dry eye syndrome and innovative diagnostic devices was carried out to provide an overview of some of the current high-tech diagnostic tools for DE

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Na, Seunghee, Yun Jeong Hong, Seong-Hoon Kim, and Eek-Sung Lee. "Dizziness and neuro-otologic findings in neurodegenerative disorders: a review." Research in Vestibular Science 24, no. 2 (2025): 68–78. https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2024.026.

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Eye movement abnormalities can provide valuable diagnostic insights across various neurodegenerative disorders. This review summarizes the characteristic oculomotor findings in different neurodegenerative conditions, focusing on cognitive disorders and parkinsonian syndromes. The neural control of eye movements involves complex networks across multiple cortical regions, including the frontal eye field, supplementary eye field, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, functioning in coordination with subcortical structures. In Alzheimer disease, patients exhibit impaired fixation with large saccadic

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Karakus, Sezen, Alan N. Baer, and Esen K. Akpek. "Clinical Correlations of Novel Autoantibodies in Patients with Dry Eye." Journal of Immunology Research 2019 (January 13, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7935451.

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Background. Diagnostic criteria for Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) are continually being updated in pursuit of more precise and earlier diagnosis to prevent its complications. Owing to the high rate of false negative traditional serological markers, the need for better serological testing remains. Objective. To investigate the clinical significance of three recently discovered novel autoantibodies, anti-salivary gland protein 1 (SP1), anti-carbonic anhydrase 6 (CA6), and anti-parotid secretory protein (PSP), in a cohort of dry eye patients with suspected underlying inflammatory/autoimmune disease. Me

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Gajanan, Sormare Suraj Nirwan Deep Selokar Vrushabh Hete Nishanth Awandekar Milind Umekar. "A Comprehensive Review on Dry Eye Syndrome." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 7 (2024): 1666–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12800567.

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Dry Eye Disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition of the ocular surface characterized by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film. It manifests with symptoms of discomfort, visual disturbance, and tear film instability. Understanding the complexities of DED is crucial for effective diagnosis and management. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of DED, including its causes, current treatments, and future research directions. It addresses the impact of surgical interventions, non-pharmacological therapies, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and the overall quality of l

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Shinzawa, Megumi, Murat Dogru, Seika Den, et al. "Epidermal Fatty Acid-Binding Protein: A Novel Marker in the Diagnosis of Dry Eye Disease in Sjögren Syndrome." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 11 (2018): 3463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113463.

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Purpose: Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the lacrimal and salivary glands. This study compared the concentrations of epidermal fatty-acid binding protein (E-FABP) in the saliva, serum, and tears of SS patients with dry eye and dry mouth, with those of healthy adults to investigate the usefulness of E-FABP as a diagnostic marker for SS. Design: Prospective, observational case series. Participants: The subjects were 11 new patients with untreated Sjogren syndrome and 12 healthy control individuals. Methods: The diagnosis of SS was in accordance with the Mini

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Mushkova, I. A., A. N. Karimova, and M. R. Obraztsova. "Dry eye syndrome with dysfunction of the meibomian glands in a refractive patient (clinical case)." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 3 (June 1, 2023): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-3-191-194.

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Purpose. To describe a clinical case of a patient planning keratorefractive surgery, diagnosed with dry eye syndrome (DES) on the background of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Material and methods. Patient S. applied to the Department of laser refractive surgery of S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution. She was 27 years old with a diagnosis of moderate myopia in both eyes for possible keratorefractive surgery. She underwent a standard refractive diagnosis and consultation with an ophthalmic surgeon. Results.During biomicroscopy and standard ophthalmological examinations o

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Jiang, Lei, Shanshan Sun, Juan Chen, and Zhuo Sun. "Random Forest Algorithm-Based Ultrasonic Image in the Diagnosis of Patients with Dry Eye Syndrome and Its Relationship with Tear Osmotic Pressure." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2022 (February 28, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9437468.

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The study was to investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasound based on the random forest segmentation algorithm for dry eye disease and the relationship between dry eye degree and tear osmotic pressure. Specifically, 100 patients with dry eye syndrome were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into group A (conventional ultrasonic detection) and group B (ultrasonic detection based on the random forest segmentation algorithm), with 50 patients in each group. An ultrasonic measurement was used as the gold standard to evaluate the effect of ultrasonic diagnosis. The degree of

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Janáky, Márta, and Gábor Braunitzer. "Syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Narrative Review." Vision 9, no. 1 (2025): 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision9010007.

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Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) encompasses inherited retinal dystrophies, appearing either as an isolated eye condition or as part of a broader systemic syndrome, known as syndromic RP. In these cases, RP includes systemic symptoms impacting other organs, complicating diagnosis and management. This review highlights key systemic syndromes linked with RP, such as Usher, Bardet–Biedl, and Alström syndromes, focusing on genetic mutations, inheritance, and clinical symptoms. These insights support clinicians in recognizing syndromic RP early. Ocular signs like nystagmus and congenital cataracts may ind

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Mushkova, Irina A., Adela N. Karimova, and Maria R. Obraztsova. "The main aspects of the diagnosis of dry eye syndrome in refractive patients." Journal of Volgograd State Medical University 20, no. 3 (2023): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/1994-9480-2023-20-3-45-49.

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A comprehensive assessment of the condition of the ocular surface was carried out in patients planning keratorefractive surgery using FemtoLASIK technology (30 eyes) and refractive lenticular extraction technology (30 eyes) with initially no subjective signs of dry eye syndrome. A comprehensive diagnostic approach to assessing the condition of the ocular surface, based on subjective and objective data, forms a holistic view of the homeostasis of the ocular surface in refractive profile patients, which will subsequently determine the choice of optimal laser vision correction technology, the tac

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Yazdani, Mazyar, Katja Benedikte Prestø Elgstøen, Helge Rootwelt, Aboulghassem Shahdadfar, Øygunn Aass Utheim, and Tor Paaske Utheim. "Tear Metabolomics in Dry Eye Disease: A Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 15 (2019): 3755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153755.

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Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial syndrome that can be caused by alteration in the quality or quantity of the precorneal tear film. It is considered one of the most common ocular conditions leading patients to seek eye care. The current method for diagnostic evaluations and follow-up examinations of DED is a combination of clinical signs and symptoms determined by clinical tests and questionnaires, respectively. The application of powerful omics technologies has opened new avenues toward analysis of subjects in health and disease. Metabolomics is a new emerging and complementary resear

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Morales-Wong, F., J. C. Riega-Torres, A. J. Cavazos-Tamez, et al. "AB0693 IN-OFFICE LACRIMAL BIOMARKERS IN PRIMARY SJÖGREN’S SYNDROME." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (2023): 1550.1–1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.5090.

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BackgroundDry eye disease (DED) is characterized by loss of homeostasis of the tear film, ocular surface inflammation, ocular symptoms and neurosensory abnormalities. [1] The exposure of epithelial surface triggers a series of cellular processes that culminate in an inflammatory mediator increase, which can be measured non-invasively and affordably in a medical office. [2]ObjectivesTo compare tear film osmolarity (Osm) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) inflammatory biomarkers between primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) patients and a control group.MethodsA prospective, cross-sectional and co

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Bobryshev, V. A., V. V. Brzheskiy, and D. V. Zaslavsky. "The incidence of meibomian gland dysfunction in children with certain types of chronic dermatoses." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 6 (October 29, 2023): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2022-6-33-39.

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In order to investigate frequency of occurrence and features of the clinical course of dry eye syndrome (DES) in children of various ages with certain types of chronic dermatoses, 80 patients aged 4 to 17 years were examined. The criteria for their inclusion in the study were the presence of a verified diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (in the acute stage) (60 children) or ichthyosis (vulgar and congenital) (20 children). All were examined for the severity of subjective discomfort, the condition of the ocular surface, the production and stability of the pre-corneal tear film. The results obtained

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Bobryshev, V. A., V. V. Brzheskiy, and D. V. Zaslavsky. "Dysfunction of the meibomian glands in children with certain types of chronic dermatoses." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 2 (May 29, 2023): 266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-2-266-272.

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In order to investigate the possible presence and features of the clinical course of dry eye syndrome (DES) in children of various ages with certain types of chronic dermatoses, 65 patients aged 4 to 17 years were examined. The criteria for their inclusion in the study were the presence of a verified diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (in the acute stage) (48 children) or ichthyosis (vulgar and congenital) (17 children). All were examined for the severity of subjective discomfort, the condition of the ocular surface, the production and stability of the pre-corneal tear film. The results obtained i

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Vukatana, G., A. Carbone, P. Versura, L. Boling, and M. Reta. "AB1834-HPR A SURVEY OF OPHTHALMOLOGISTS REGARDING CLINICAL PRACTICE FOR DRY EYE AND RHEUMATIC DISEASES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (2023): 2149.2–2149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.4666.

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BackgroundDiagnostic delay is a major problem in rheumatic diseases that can present with symptoms often underestimated by patients. Often, the rheumatologist is not the first specialist to encounter these patients, and the lack of referral can lead to a significant delay in diagnosis.[1]Dry eye disease is a condition seen frequently by ophthalmologists that can be one of the first signs of a serious rheumatic condition such as Sjögren’s Syndrome.[2]Thus, collaboration is needed between specialists for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. One study addressed this issue in the United

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Lukashenko, M. V., N. Yu Basantsova, and A. N. Shishkin. "Features of ophthalmic pathology in autoimmune diseases." Medical Immunology (Russia) 22, no. 6 (2021): 1045–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-foo-2036.

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Incidence of the ophthalmic complications in autoimmune diseases is stably increasing over recent years, as well as overall increase in the number of autoimmune pathologies around the world, along with novel diagnostic approaches. According to the WHO estimates, the number of patients with visual impairment is estimated at 285 million people for 2010, causing blindness in 39 million cases. Among autoimmune diseases, diabetes mellitus, sarcoidosis and Behcet’s disease are most often complicated by these conditions. Dry eye syndrome is the most common eye complication associated with these disea

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Amory, Justin, I. Gusti Ayu Made Juliari, and I. Gusti Ayu Ratna Suryaningrum. "Description of Dry Eyes among Contact Lens Users: A Case Study of Medical Students at Udayana University’s Faculty of Medicine." International Journal of Research and Review 11, no. 4 (2024): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20240413.

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Contact lenses are one of many tools used to assist in correcting refractive errors in the eyes. However, the use of contact lenses is not devoid of various risks that impact the eyes, one of which is dry eye syndrome. One quick and easy way to describe the condition of dry eyes is through a questionnaire, such as the CLDEQ-8 questionnaire. This study is descriptive observational cross-sectional research, with primary data from 35 samples. The sampling technique employed was total sampling in two different year groups of medical students at Udayana's Faculty of Medicine. The respondents were g

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Sudhir, Kumar Prajapati1 Abhishek1 Sonu S. Nair1 Pratibha Yadav1 Mrinalini Saini1 Athira V1 V.K Chaturvedi1. "Rhinosporidiosis in Cattle and Buffaloes." Trends in Agriculture Science 2, no. 5 (2023): 338–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7984609.

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<em>Rhinosporidium seeberi</em> is the causative agent of rhinosporidiosis, a granulomatous, mucocutaneous infection. The majority of recorded cases of eye infections have happened in hot, dry climates. The clinical features of a painless, friable, polypoid mass, which is typically unilateral, can aid in diagnosis, but histological results are the gold standard. The only method of treatment for rhinosporidiosis is surgical excision of the afflicted area with deep cauterization to avoid recurrence because antifungal and antibacterial medications are ineffective against <em>Rhinosporidium seeber

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Rhee, Amber, Isabelle Granville Smith, Roger Compte, et al. "Quantitative sensory testing and chronic pain syndromes: a cross-sectional study from TwinsUK." BMJ Open 14, no. 9 (2024): e085814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085814.

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ObjectiveThe chronic pain syndromes (CPS) include syndromes such as chronic widespread pain (CWP), dry eye disease (DED) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Highly prevalent and lacking pathognomonic biomarkers, the CPS are known to cluster in individuals in part due to their genetic overlap, but patient diagnosis can be difficult. The success of quantitative sensory testing (QST) and inflammatory biomarkers as phenotyping tools in conditions such as painful neuropathies warrant their investigation in CPS. We aimed to examine whether individual QST modalities and candidate inflammatory markers

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Vukatana, G., P. Versura, M. Trevisani, et al. "FRI0330 Predictivity of Ocular Surface Parameters and Tear Protein Expression in The Diagnosis of Sjögren Syndrome versus Dry Eye." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 75, Suppl 2 (2016): 554.2–554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.4809.

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Welters, Alena, Ranna El-Khairi, Antonia Dastamani, et al. "Persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia in children with Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome." European Journal of Endocrinology 181, no. 2 (2019): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-19-0119.

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Objective Genetic aetiology remains unknown in up to 50% of patients with persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (HH). Several syndromes are associated with HH. We report Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RSTS) as one of the possible causes of persistent HH. Early diagnosis and treatment of HH is crucial to prevent hypoglycaemic brain injury. Design Four RSTS patients with HH were retrospectively analysed. Methods Genetic investigations included next-generation sequencing-based gene panels and exome sequencing. Clinical characteristics, metabolic profile during hypoglycaemia and treatment were re

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Rejepova, A. S., G. H. Annayeva, A. A. Ovezova, and S. A. Atajanova. "Chronic ophthalmochlamydial infections." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 6 (November 9, 2022): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2022-6-189-193.

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Eye lesions in the structure of chlamydia occupy one of the leading places, the proportion in adults ranges from 3 to 30 % of all cases of conjunctivitis. 130 patients with sluggish chronic conjunctivitis aged 19–50 years were examined, including 90 women and 40 men. The duration of the disease was from 3 months to 5 years. The traditional cytological method was used as the main diagnostic method to determine the etiological cause of chronic inflammation. According to the results of clinical and laboratory examination of patients with chronic conjunctivitis, chlamydial infection was detected i

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Anuradha, Manish Totey. "To Study the Association of Various Risk Factors with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction." International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological Research 13, no. 2 (2023): 221–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11293686.

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<strong>Background: </strong>A change in the meibomian glands’ activity that results in a decrease in the stability of the tear film is known as meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a long-term, diffuse abnormality of the meibomian glands that is characterized by changes in glandular secretion, either qualitatively or quantitatively, and/or terminal duct obstruction. This condition can affect the tear film and cause symptoms such as ocular surface disease, irritation of the eyes, and clinically noticeable inflammation. The superficial lipid layer o

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de la Torre Rubio, N., J. Campos Esteban, M. Pavía Pascual, et al. "AB0572 USEFULNESS OF MINOR SALIVARY GLAND BIOPSY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED PRIMARY SJÖGREN’S SYNDROME." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 1412.2–1412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.5199.

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BackgroundThe classification system for Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) proposed by the American-European Consensus Group (AECG) and the revised diagrams proposed by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) include an altered minor salivary gland biopsy (MSGB) or positive antiRo, among other findings. Thus, an altered MSGB is a particularly important finding in patients with autoantibody-negative. A retrospective cohort study showed that a positive biopsy result led to a definitive diagnosis in 80% of patients1.ObjectivesTo assess the usefulness of MSGB in the diagnosis of SS in anti-SSA/SSB (Ro/La)

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Lucy, Jeanie C. "Diagnosis and management of serpiginous choroiditis." Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System 12, no. 3 (2022): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2022.12.00420.

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Purpose: Serpiginous choroiditis (SC) is a rare, bilateral, idiopathic inflammatory disorder that causes geographic destruction of the retina and choroid often in healthy middle-aged patients. Symptoms include blurred vision, central and paracentral scotomas. SC is part of a group termed white dot syndromes which involves inflammation of the retina and choroid with the appearance of white dots in the fundus. SC requires a thorough workup prior to treatment to rule out other inflammatory autoimmune or infectious etiologies. Early stages are challenging to diagnose. Treatment includes corticoste

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Recchioni, Alberto, Ankur Barua, and Alberto Dominguez-Vicent. "Enhancing Clinical Decision-Making in Complex Corneal Disorders: The Role of In-Vivo Confocal Microscopy." Life 13, no. 3 (2023): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13030679.

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This study aims to describe how in-vivo confocal microscopy (ICVM) results improved diagnosis and treatment in three patients with complex corneal disorders at a single institution. Case one was a 36-year-old woman contact lens wearer referred to the hospital eye service (HES) by her community optician for a suspected corneal ulcer in her left eye. The case demonstrated that where laboratory cell culture was inconclusive, IVCM imaging improved diagnosis and more importantly adjusted the initial treatment till the complete resolution of the case. Case two was a shared-care 66-year-old keratocon

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Chalkias, Efthymios, Fotis Topouzis, Thomas Tegos, and Magda Tsolaki. "The Contribution of Ocular Biomarkers in the Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease versus Other Types of Dementia and Future Prospects." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 80, no. 2 (2021): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-201516.

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With dementia becoming increasingly prevalent, there is a pressing need to become better equipped with accurate diagnostic tools that will favorably influence its course via prompt and specific intervention. The overlap in clinical manifestation, imaging, and even pathological findings between different dementia syndromes is one of the most prominent challenges today even for expert physicians. Since cerebral microvasculature and the retina share common characteristics, the idea of identifying potential ocular biomarkers to facilitate diagnosis is not a novel one. Initial efforts included stud

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Biryukov, V. V., U. S. Plyaskina, M. A. Frolov, and I. V. Vorobyeva. "Inflammatory eye changes in diabetic patients." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 6 (November 9, 2022): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2022-6-53-57.

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Target. To determine the level of predisposition of patients with diabetes mellitus to inflammatory reactions of the adnexa of the eyes. Material and methods. 72 patients with diabetic retinopathy of different stages and concomitant inflammatory eye diseases were analyzed. The scientific studies confirming the importance of timely diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and associated inflammatory lesions of the eyes and adnexa of the eyes are compared. Results. 72 patients (144 eyes) with diabetic retinopathy of different stages were examined. The most common clinical manifestations of inflammatory pa

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Gomes, M., P. Veloso, E. Monteiro, R. Faria, and E. Freitas. "Psychiatric manifestations of Susac Syndrome: a case report." European Psychiatry 66, S1 (2023): S994—S995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2113.

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IntroductionSusac Syndrome (SS) is an immune-mediated endotheliopathy that mainly affects young women. It is characterized by the typical triad: subacute encephalopathy, retinal vaso-occlusive disease, and hearing loss. Encephalopathy symptoms are varied and include memory loss, psychiatric disturbances, cranial nerve disorders, seizures, and dementia. The syndrome is considered a rare but important differential diagnosis in various neurological, psychiatric, ophthalmological, and ear-nose-throat disorders.ObjectivesReport a clinical case of SS to reflect on the relationship between psychiatri

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Moroni, L., G. Ferrari, F. Bonelli, et al. "AB0537 DRY EYE SYMPTOMS STRONGLY CORRELATE WITH OCULAR AND EXTRAOCULAR PAIN IN PRIMARY SJÖGREN’S SYNDROME. INTERIM REPORT OF A PILOT CROSS-SECTIONAL MONOCENTRIC STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 1396.1–1396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3966.

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BackgroundOcular involvement in primary Sjögren’s Syndrome (pSS) has been traditionally assessed by Schirmer’s test, Tear Break Up Time (TBUT) and Ocular Staining Score (OSS)1. The role of Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (VFQ-25) and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) in measuring ocular pain and discomfort in pSS have not been yet investigated in detail.ObjectivesTo explore the prevalence of ocular pain in patients with pSS, and to investigate the potential correlations between dry eye, ocular pain, extraocular patient-reported outcomes and disease activity.Met

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Methods in Medicine, Computational and Mathematical. "Retracted: Random Forest Algorithm-Based Ultrasonic Image in the Diagnosis of Patients with Dry Eye Syndrome and Its Relationship with Tear Osmotic Pressure." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2023 (December 13, 2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9802126.

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Tonkonogii, S. V. "Comparison clinical use of the ocular surface disease index, tear breakup time and state of tear production in diagnosis of postoperative dry eye syndrome." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 2 (April 13, 2022): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2022-2-260-265.

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Purpose. To compare clinical use of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear breakup time (TBUT) and state of tear production (TP) in diagnosis of postoperative dry eye syndrome (DES). Material and methods. 161 patients (161 eyes) aged 62 to 83 years with senile cataract. All patients were assessed state of total TP (Schirmer I test), determined the TBUT and were questioned using the OSDI questionnaire. The patients were divided into 4 groups depending on level of TP before the operation. Phacoemulsification (PE) was performed in all eyes according to the standard technique with IOL impla

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Garg, Aastha, and Sandhya Ramachandra. "Ophthalmic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)." Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 7, no. 2 (2021): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2021.060.

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The world has been dealing with the pandemic of COVID-19 since December 2019. The systemic manifestations of the disease are well known. Our study aims to evaluate the ocular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). This cross-sectional observational study comprised of 60 subjects that tested positive for COVID-19 by RT-PCR, and admitted to the general wards of a tertiary care hospital of South India. Relevant medical history, ocular history, symptoms, signs and blood investigations data were obtained by communicating directly with the subjects and patient files. Ocular examination was done us

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Hsiao, Yu-Ting, Yu-Ting Huang, Hun-Ju Yu, Po-Chiung Fang, and Ming-Tse Kuo. "Tear Proteomics Approach to Distinguishing Primary from Secondary Sjögren’s Syndrome for Dry Eye Patients with Long-Term Instillation of Eyedrops." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23 (2022): 15239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315239.

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The diagnosis and monitoring of Sjögren syndrome (SS) is often difficult, requiring a multidisciplinary approach with invasive procedures. Our aim is to elucidate the tear protein alterations of dry eye disease (DED) with primary SS (pSS) and secondary SS (sSS) with the long-term instillation of eyedrops. We collected clinical demographics and tear fluid (TF) samples from DED patients with no autoimmune diseases (non-SS-DED), pSS-DED, and sSS-DED patients, followed by TF screening with tandem mass tagging-labeling gel-free proteomics assay. Bioinformatic analysis via Ingenuity Pathway Analysis

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Teo, Alvin Wei Jun, Jingwen Zhang, Lei Zhou, and Yu-Chi Liu. "Metabolomics in Corneal Diseases: A Narrative Review from Clinical Aspects." Metabolites 13, no. 3 (2023): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13030380.

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Corneal pathologies may have subtle manifestations in the initial stages, delaying diagnosis and timely treatment. This can lead to irreversible visual loss. Metabolomics is a rapidly developing field that allows the study of metabolites in a system, providing a complementary tool in the early diagnosis and management of corneal diseases. Early identification of biomarkers is key to prevent disease progression. The advancement of nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry allows the identification of new biomarkers in the analysis of tear, cornea, and aqueous humor. Novel perspectives on

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Baygin, H., G. Sargin, S. Cildag, and T. Senturk. "AB0629 DEMOGRAPHIC, CLINICAL AND SEROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SJÖGREN’S SYNDROME PATIENTS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (2023): 1517.1–1517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.1179.

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BackgroundSjogren’s syndrome (SS); is a chronic multisystem inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by dry eyes and mouth, involving lymphocytic infiltration of the lacrimal and salivary glands. Glandular involvement and extraglandular symptoms involving various organs and systems can be seen in patients. It can be seen in all age groups, although it is most common in those aged 45-50 years. The average female/male incidence rate is 9/1.ObjectivesOur aim in this study is to present the demographic, clinical and serological characteristics of patients diagnosed with SS.MethodsOur study in

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