Journal articles: 'An experting review'

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Briggle, Adam. "Review: Questioning Expertise." Social Studies of Science 38, no. 3 (June 2008): 461–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312706093668.

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Ciortea, Octavian Razvan. "Review of the Book ”Către o nouă expertiză etică. Deconstruind valorile etice” [Towards a New Ethical Expertise. Deconstructing Ethical Values], Author: Ana Frunză, Lumen Publishing." Logos Universality Mentality Education Novelty: Political Sciences & European Studies 6, no. 2 (2020): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumenpses/6.2/25.

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This text is the review of the volume "Către o nouă expertiză etică. Deconstruind valorile etice” [Towards a new ethical expertise. Deconstructing ethical values] by Ana Frunză, published by Lumen Publishing House from Iași, Romania, in 2016. I came across this volume much too late, for it brings great value to the field of ethics and ethical expertise. The arguments are easy to follow, especially for those who want to step into the field of ethical expertise. The combination of familiar texts, with more technical ones and with solid and concise arguments, allows any type of reader to approach the field and deepen it.

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Glaze, W. H. "Editorial: Peer review expertise." Environmental Science & Technology 22, no. 12 (December 1988): 1371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00177a605.

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Hertzum, Morten. "Expertise seeking: A review." Information Processing & Management 50, no. 5 (September 2014): 775–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2014.04.003.

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Fedorinov, A. V., and T. A. Astakhova. "The influence of expertise result on expert opinion in modern legal proceedings." Zemleustrojstvo, kadastr i monitoring zemel' (Land management, cadastre and land monitoring), no. 2 (January 22, 2021): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-04-2102-05.

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The article provides an analysis of the purpose and methods of reviews of expert opinions. The defi nition of the review of expert opinions and a psychological portrait of the main groups of reviewers are considered in this article. The authors pay a special attention to the analysis of errors and the role of reviews in identification of these errors in expert opinions.

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Baatwah, Saeed Rabea, Zalailah Salleh, and Norsiah Ahmad. "Whether Audit Committee Financial Expertise Is the Only Relevant Expertise: A Review of Audit Committee Expertise and Timeliness of Financial Reporting." Issues In Social And Environmental Accounting 7, no. 2 (June 30, 2013): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22164/isea.v7i2.76.

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This study reviews the literature on audit committee expertise and financial reporting timeliness. Financial reporting timeliness and audit committee expertise are two areas of research gaining the attention of a large number of stakeholders because they contribute to the reliability and the relevancy of financial reporting. Indeed, the focus of this review is primarily on the recent developments in the pertinent literature in order to show the limitations of such research and encourage future research to overcome these limitations. By also looking at the development of the audit committee expertise literature, this study concludes that (1) like most audit committee literature, financial reporting timeliness literature continues to assume the absence of the contribution of expertise other than financial expertise, and ignore the role of audit committee chair; (2) most of this literature fails to find a significant effect because it ignores the interaction among corporate governance mechanisms. Accordingly, this study posits that ignoring the issues raised in such research by future research would lead to major mistakes in reforms relating to how the quality of financial reporting can be enhanced.

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Manchikanti, Laxmaiah. "Evidence-Based Medicine, Systematic Reviews, and Guidelines in Interventional Pain Management: Part 3: Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Randomized Trials." Pain Physician 1;12, no. 1;1 (January 14, 2009): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2009/12/35.

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In recent years, progress and innovations in healthcare are measured by evidencebased medicine (EBM), systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. A systematic review is defined as, “the application of scientific strategies that limit bias by the systematic assembly, critical appraisal, and synthesis of all relevant studies on a specific topic.” In contrast, meta-analysis is the statistical pooling of data across studies to generate pooled estimates of effects. Meta-analysis usually is the final step in a systematic review. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are labor intensive, requiring expertise in both the subject matter and review methodology, and also must follow the rules of EBM which suggest that a formal set of rules must complement medical training and common sense for clinicians to interpret the results of clinical research effectively. While expertise in the subject matter is crucial, expertise in review methods is also particularly important. Despite an explosion of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, the empiric research on the quality of systematic reviews has shown that not all systematic reviews are truly systematic, having highly variable quality, deficiencies in methodologic assessment of the quality of the included manuscripts, and bias. Even then, systematic review of the literature is currently the best, least biased, and most rational way to organize, cull, evaluate, and integrate the research evidence from among the expanding medical and healthcare literature. However, a dangerous discrepancy between the experts and the evidence continues to persist in part because multiple instruments are available to assess the quality of systematic reviews or meta-analyses. Steps in conducting systematic reviews include planning, conducting, reporting, and disseminating the results. The Quality of Reporting of Meta-analysis (QUOROM) statement provides a checklist and a flow diagram. The checklist describes the preferred way to present the abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections of the report of an analysis. This review describes various aspects of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized trials with a special focus on interventional pain management. Key words: Randomized trials, pragmatic trials, evidence-based medicine, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, guidelines, bias, interventional pain management, Quality of Reporting of Meta-analysis (QUOROM), Cochrane reviews

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Joy Parr. "Rethinking Expertise (review)." Technology and Culture 50, no. 2 (2009): 507–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.0.0252.

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Li, Bing, and Nian Li. "Handwriting expertise reliability: A review." Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 5, no. 4 (2019): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_44_19.

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Clifford, Hywel. "Book Review: Compendium of Expertise." Expository Times 130, no. 11 (June 24, 2019): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0014524619852903.

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Chen, Ming-Yi. "Can two-sided messages increase the helpfulness of online reviews?" Online Information Review 40, no. 3 (June 13, 2016): 316–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-07-2015-0225.

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Purpose – Online reviews are increasingly available for a wide range of products and services. Several studies have demonstrated the benefits of the presence of customer reviews to an online retailer, but the issue of what makes online reviews helpful to a consumer in the process of making a purchase decision remains uninvestigated. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – Given the strategic potential of online reviews, this study drew on past research to develop a conceptual understanding of the components of helpfulness and to further empirically test the model using actual online review data from iPeen.com in Taiwan. A content analysis of 989 reviews across four products identified the interplay effects of review sidedness, reviewer’s expertise, and product type on the helpfulness of an online review. Findings – For search goods, consumers consider two-sided reviews to be more helpful than one-sided reviews when the reviewers are experts in writing such articles, whereas they consider two-sided reviews to be equally helpful as one-sided reviews when the reviewers are novices. Conversely, for experience goods, consumers consider one-sided reviews to be more helpful than two-sided reviews when the reviewers are experts in writing review articles, but they consider one-sided reviews to be equally helpful as two-sided reviews when the reviewers are novices. Practical implications – With an understanding of how review sidedness affects online review helpfulness, online retailers could establish the policy for promoting the helpfulness of reviews more effectively. Originality/value – This research yields at least three important contributions: first, it contributes to the message sidedness literature by showing which arguments (one- or two-sided) are deemed to be helpful; second, it contributes to the online peer review literature by demonstrating the importance of considering product type and heuristic cues (i.e. the reviewer’s expertise) when explaining helpfulness; and third, the results in this research demonstrate that people are drawn to dual-processing; that is, the judgment of online review helpfulness is determined by heuristic cues (e.g. the status of the reviewer) and systematic processing (e.g. review content).

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Turner, Sheila, Nicola McArdle, Abby Bull, Fay Chinnery, Jeremy Hinks, Rebecca Moran, Helen Payne, Eleanor Woodford Guegan, Louise Worswick, and Jeremy Wyatt. "OP122 Applications For Research Funding: How Many Peer Reviewers Do We Need?" International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 34, S1 (2018): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462318001460.

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Introduction:The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) is a major funder of health research in the United Kingdom. Selecting the most promising studies to fund is crucial, and external expert peer review is used to inform the funding boards. Our aim was to evaluate the influence of different kinds and numbers of peer review and reviewer scores on Board funding decisions, and how we might modify the process to reduce the workload for stakeholders.Methods:Our mixed method study included i) retrospective cross sectional analysis of funding board and external reviewer scores for second stage applications for research funding, using Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves to quantify the influence of reviewer scores on funding decisions and ii) qualitative interviews with thirty stakeholders (funding board members, applicants, external peer reviewers and NIHR staff).Results:Analysis of ROC area for reviewers indicated that areas changed very little with increasing numbers of reviewers from four to seven or more. External reviewers with clinical, methodological or patient expertise all appeared to influence Board funding decisions to a similar extent. The stakeholders interviewed valued peer review but felt it was important to develop a more proportionate process, to better balance its benefit with the workload of obtaining, preparing, reading and responding to reviews. Reviews are of most value when they fill gaps in expertise on the Board. Less than four reviews was felt to be insufficient but more than six, excessive. Workload could be reduced by making reviews more focused on the strengths and weaknesses of applications and identifying flaws which are potentially “fixable”.Conclusions:Stakeholders supported the need for peer review in evaluating funding applications. Our results suggest that four to six peer reviews per application is optimum, depending on the expertise needed to complement that of advisory boards.

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Lo, Ada S., and Sharon Siyu Yao. "What makes hotel online reviews credible?" International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-10-2017-0671.

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Purpose This study aims to adopt a cognitive heuristic approach to investigate the interaction effect of a message source characteristic (reviewer expertise [RE]) and two message structure characteristics (review rating consistency [RC] and review valence [RV]) on the perceived credibility of hotel online reviews. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 242 university students and were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance through a 2 × 2 factorial experiments using a simulated hotel review page on TripAdvisor. Findings Results show a three-way interaction effect of RE, RC and RV on the perceived credibility of hotel online reviews. The main effects of the three factors are also determined. Higher perceived credibility scores are found for negative reviews, reviews written by experts and reviews with a consistent rating. Research limitations/implications This study adopts an experimental approach and is the first to investigate the three-way interactions of message source and message structure characteristics of online hotel reviews. Data were collected from students in a university in Hong Kong. Results may not be generalizable to other markets. Practical implications Results suggest that reviews written by experts have higher perceived credibility. Hotels should pay attention to the content of online reviews and the expertise level of reviewers. Efforts should be exerted to create positive experiences for hotel guests that motivate expert reviewers to write positive reviews. Note that negative reviews have higher perceived credibility than positive ones. Hotels should promptly address negative reviews and provide professional responses to reviewers. Platform operators of user-generated content (UGC) should create well-defined reviewer profiles that can serve as cues that communicate the different expertise of reviewers. Originality/value This study is the first to test the three-way interaction effect of RE, RC and RV on the perceived credibility of hotel online reviews. Results provide recommendations to hotels and UGC operators and enable them to benefit from emerging UGC usage.

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Auerbach, Alan, Rebecca Blank, Martin Feldstein, Michael Katz, and Kenneth Rogoff. "Reviews of the 2006 Economic Report of the President." Journal of Economic Literature 44, no. 3 (August 1, 2006): 662–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.44.3.662.

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Editor's Note The Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) regularly reviews books of interest to the economics profession. The Economic Report of the President (ERP) falls under that purview. I have asked a handful of very prominent economists to review the 2006 ERP. Reviewers were chosen to reflect expertise on what I guessed would be key issues. The ERP in principle should provide an accurate assessment of the consensus professional views of economists on any given issue, based on the research to date. Reviewers were asked to evaluate whether the discussion in the ERP in fact accurately summarizes what we as economists know? Reviewers were given free rein over what material they would review in the ERP but were urged to focus on their areas of particular expertise. In the reviews that follow, Martin Feldstein reviews the overview chapter as well as topics relating to macroeconomics. Alan Auerbach reviews the ERP's discussion of tax-related issues, while Ken Rogoff reviews the ERP's discussion of international economic topics. Rebecca Blank writes on labor market issues in the ERP, and Michael Katz reviews the ERP's discussion of health care issues. Many thanks to the reviewers for the quick turnaround.

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Niland, Maureen B. "Expertise in Nursing Practice: Caring, Clinical Judgment and Ethics." Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing 27, no. 4 (July 1996): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0022-0124-19960701-10.

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CACM Staff. "CS expertise for institutional review boards." Communications of the ACM 53, no. 8 (August 2010): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1787234.1787236.

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Colish, Will. "Review Article: Between Expertise and Fairness." European Journal of Political Theory 9, no. 1 (January 2010): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474885109338005.

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Russell, David. "Review essay: Genre, Activity, and Expertise." Rhetoric Society Quarterly 26, no. 4 (September 1996): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02773949609391081.

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Farrington-Darby, Trudi, and John R. Wilson. "The nature of expertise: A review." Applied Ergonomics 37, no. 1 (January 2006): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2005.09.001.

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Yang, Shuiqing, Yusheng Zhou, Jianrong Yao, Yuangao Chen, and June Wei. "Understanding online review helpfulness in omnichannel retailing." Industrial Management & Data Systems 119, no. 8 (September 9, 2019): 1565–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-10-2018-0450.

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Purpose As retailers have increasingly embraced an omnichannel retailing strategy, explaining and predicting the helpfulness of online review should consider both online-based and offline-based reviews. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Based on the signaling theory, this study intends to examine the impacts of review-related and reviewer-related signals on review helpfulness in the context of omnichannel retailing. The proposed research model and corresponding hypotheses were tested by using negative binomial regression. Findings The results shown that both review-related (review rating and review sentiment strength) and reviewer-related (reviewer real name and reviewer expertise) signals positively affect review helpfulness. Contrary to the authors’ expectations, review length negatively affects review helpfulness. Specifically, when the review submitted from an omnichannel retailer’s offline channel, the positive impacts of reviewer real name on review helpfulness will be stronger, and the positive impacts of reviewer expertise on review helpfulness will be weaker. Originality/value Unlike many previous studies tend to explore the antecedents of review helpfulness in a single-channel setting, the study examined the factors that affect review helpfulness in an omnichannel retailing context.

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Cohen, Pieter. "Training for expertise: The Harvard Medical School Cambridge Integrated Clerkship tutorial." Clinical Teacher 6, no. 1 (March 2009): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-498x.2008.00260.x.

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Farrell, Joseph, Jonathan Gruber, Robert E. Hall, Gordon H. Hanson, and Joel Slemrod. "Reviews of the 2005 Economic Report of the President." Journal of Economic Literature 43, no. 3 (August 1, 2005): 801–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/002205105774431261.

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The Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) regularly reviews books of interest to the economics profession. The Economic Report of the President (ERP) falls under that purview and beginning this year, the JEL will be reviewing the ERP. Toward that end, I have asked a handful of very prominent economists to review the 2005 ERP. Reviewers were chosen to reflect expertise on what I guessed would be key issues. Reviewers were given the following instructions: The ERP in principle should provide an accurate assessment of the consensus professional views of economists on any given issue, based on the research to date. Does the discussion in the ERP in fact accurately summarize what we as economists know? Reviewers were given free rein over what material they would review in the ERP but were urged to focus on their areas of particular expertise. In the reviews that follow, Joel Slemrod reviews the discussion of tax reform. Joe Farrell reviews the ERP's chapter titled “Innovation and the Information Economy.” Gordon Hanson reviews the chapters on international trade and on immigration. Robert Hall reviews the discussion of the adverse macroeconomic impact of rising oil prices while Jonathan Gruber reviews the ERP chapter titled “Expanding Individual Choice and Control.” Many thanks to the reviewers for the quick turnaround.

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Kim, Ellen Eun Kyoo, Anna S. Mattila, and Seyhmus Baloglu. "Effects of Gender and Expertise on Consumers’ Motivation to Read Online Hotel Reviews." Cornell Hospitality Quarterly 52, no. 4 (February 28, 2011): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1938965510394357.

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Electronic word of mouth (eWOM) communication, such as the online hotel review, is receiving increasing attention from marketing managers in the hotel industry, primarily because consumers are making considerable use of online forums and often do not book without seeking online advice on restaurants, tourist destinations, or hotels. This study of a convenience sample of 781 travelers in Las Vegas found three chief motivating factors for consumers to seek eWOM, namely, convenience and quality, risk reduction, and social reassurance. The analysis found distinct differences between the sexes regarding their motivating factors, and levels of expertise also influenced consumers’ motivations to read online reviews. Women, for instance, are more likely to read reviews for the purpose of convenience and quality and for risk reduction. Men’s use of the online reviews depended on their level of expertise.

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Carraro, Valentina, Thomas Conzelmann, and Hortense Jongen. "Fears of peers? Explaining peer and public shaming in global governance." Cooperation and Conflict 54, no. 3 (January 8, 2019): 335–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836718816729.

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This article conducts a comparative analysis of peer and public pressure in peer reviews among states. Arguing that such pressure is one increasingly important form of shaming in global politics, we seek to understand the extent to which five different peer reviews exert peer and public pressure and how possible variation among them can be explained. Our findings are based on responses to an original survey and semi-structured interviews among participants in the reviews. We find that peer and public pressure exist to different degrees in the peer reviews under study. Such differences cannot be explained by the policy area under review or the international organization in which peer reviews are organized. Likewise, the expertise of the actors involved in a peer review or perceptions of the legitimacy of peer review as a monitoring instrument do not explain the variation. Instead, we find that institutional factors and the acceptance of peer and public pressure among the participants in a peer review offer the best explanations.

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Chapman, Brendan, David Keatley, Giles Oatley, John Coumbaros, and Garth Maker. "A review and recommendations for the integration of forensic expertise within police cold case reviews." Journal of Criminal Psychology 10, no. 2 (December 24, 2019): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcp-09-2019-0038.

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Purpose Cold case review teams and the processes that they adopt in their endeavour to solve historic crimes are varied and largely underreported. Of the limited literature surrounding the topic of cold case reviews, the focus is on clearance rates and the selection of cases for review. While multiple reports and reviews have been undertaken and recommend that the interface between investigators and forensic scientists be improved, there is little evidence of cold case teams comprised of a mixture of investigators and scientists or experts. With the growing reliance on forensic science as an aide to solvability, the authors propose that the inclusion of forensic scientists to the central cold case investigation may be a critical factor in future success. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach To support the proposed approach, the authors conducted a review of the current literature seeking insight into the reported make-up of cold case teams. In conjunction with this, the authors reviewed a number of commissioned reports intended to improve cold case reviews and forensic services. Findings While many of the reviewed reports and recommendations suggested better integration with scientists and external expertise, little evidence of this in practice was reported within published literature. Open dialogue and cross pollination between police investigators and forensic scientists are likely to mitigate biases, inform case file triage and better equip investigations with contemporary and cutting-edge scientific solutions to the evidence analysis for cold cases. Furthermore, with respect to scientists within academia, large pools of resources by way of student interns or researchers may be available to assist resource-sparse policing jurisdictions. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first peer-reviewed recommendation for the consideration of integrated forensic scientists within a cold case review team. Multiple reports suggest the need for closer ties, but it is the anecdotal experience of the authors that the benefits of a blended task force approach may yield greater success.

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Naujoks, Anna, and Martin Benkenstein. "Expert cues: how expert reviewers are perceived online." Journal of Service Theory and Practice 30, no. 4/5 (July 13, 2020): 531–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstp-11-2019-0240.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore different types of source expertise and how they influence perceived message quality. Consumers face the challenge to identify valuable online reviews. Source expertise as a signal of message quality can be displayed differently, depending on website layout, operator and review author.Design/methodology/approachTwo scenario-based experiments were conducted questioning 135 and 275 participants. They investigate the effect of different types of expert reviewers on perceived message quality and also examine the interplay of source expertise and source trustworthiness.FindingsThe findings reveal that the different types of expert reviewers differ in perceived expertise and their impact on perceived message quality. Claims of expertise induce the highest perceived expertise compared to the other expert types and non-experts, but are perceived as less trustworthy.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should examine the influence of the expert types across different product and service categories and could also include moderating influences that reflect how consumers process expert cues differently.Practical implicationsCues that signal high expertise and high trustworthiness are likely to deliver the most valuable online reviews. This should be incorporated in the website's layout to help consumers find valuable information.Originality/valueThe approach of this research is novel in that it undertakes comparisons between three types of expert cues and non-experts. It also addresses the interplay of source expertise and trustworthiness and examines the effect on message quality.

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Zhao, Xinyuan (Roy), Liang Wang, Xiao Guo, and Rob Law. "The influence of online reviews to online hotel booking intentions." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 27, no. 6 (August 10, 2015): 1343–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-12-2013-0542.

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Purpose – This study aims to investigate the impacts of online review and source features upon travelers’ online hotel booking intentions. Design/methodology/approach – This study developed a research model and empirically examined the model by collecting data from business travelers in the Mainland China. Factor analysis was adopted to identify features of online reviews content and source attribute. Regression analysis was used to examine impacts of these attributes upon travelers’ online booking intention. Findings – Six features of online reviews content and one source attribute were identified, namely, usefulness, reviewer expertise, timeliness, volume, valence (negative and positive) and comprehensiveness. Regression analysis results testified positive causal relationships between usefulness, reviewer expertise, timeliness, volume and comprehensiveness and respondents’ online booking intentions. A significantly negative relation between negative online reviews and online booking intentions was identified, whereas impacts from positive online reviews upon booking intentions were not statistically significant. Research limitations/implications – The major limitation of this study is that interrelationships among features of online reviews, which were discussed in other similar studies, were not considered. Still, this study benefited researchers from scrutinizing features of online reviews, rather than several of them. As such, it offered more comprehensive suggestions for practitioners in how to better utilize online reviews as a marketing tool. Practical implications – Hospitality practitioners could enhance consumer review management by applying the six underlying factors of online review in the present study to find out the ways of increasing consumers’ booking intentions in the specific hotel contexts. Originality/value – A major theoretical contribution of this paper is its comprehensiveness in examining features of review content as well as its source simultaneously. This study also offered areas worthy of more research efforts from perspectives of practitioners and researchers.

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Vetter, Norman. "What is a clinical review?" Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 13, no. 2 (May 2003): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259803013212.

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Traditional clinical review articles, also known as updates, differ from systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Systematic reviews comprehensively examine the medical literature, seeking to identify and synthesize all relevant information to formulate the best approach to diagnosis or treatment. Meta-analyses, sometimes known as quantitative systematic reviews seek to answer a narrow clinical question, often about the specific treatment of a condition, using rigorous statistical analysis of pooled research studies. Updates review the medical literature almost as carefully as a systematic review but discuss the topic under question more broadly and make reasoned judgements where there is little hard evidence, based upon the expertise of the reviewer. It may not include evidence from foreign language journals or look for unpublished data on a topic, so will tend to be more applicable to the local situation than a systematic review, as it may take into account local shortages of equipment or personnel.

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Bortolussi, Robert. "My thanks to our Peer Reviewers." Clinical and Investigative Medicine 42, no. 4 (December 29, 2019): E1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v42i4.33383.

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In this age of “fake news” and “predatory journals”, the peer review process could never be more important. A knowledgeable reviewer plays a vital role in maintaining the integrity of the scientific process. In fact, without adequate peer review, academic excellence would falter. So my hat is off to the 84 people who provided their time and expertise in formulating their reviews for the journal of Clinical and Investigative Medicine (CIM).

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Hill, Stewart, and Martin O’Neill. "Reviewing the situation: practitioner perspectives on the use and effectiveness of 28-day homicide reviews." Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 5, no. 3 (September 16, 2019): 215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcrpp-04-2019-0029.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report a study of practitioner views on the 28-day homicide review process. Design/methodology/approach The research draws upon primary data from interviews with senior investigating officers (SIOs) engaged in homicide investigations and review officers tasked with reviewing homicides unsolved after 28 days. Findings The review process was perceived to be meeting the needs of the organization but adding little, or no direct value to SIOs. Despite this, there was agreement as to the potential value and necessity of the homicide review process. Issues such as the purpose and process of reviews were considered, with recommendations providing impetus for the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) to review the use of reviewers commensurate with their expertise, the training and development of reviewers, and the aims, format and timing of a review. Research limitations/implications The study involved the MPS, and its relevance to review processes elsewhere, whilst likely, is unproven. Further research could identify whether similar issues arise elsewhere, although the findings of this study could encourage other forces to undertake internal reviews of their own systems and processes to understand whether improvements could be made. Whilst over a third of the SIOs and Murder Investigation Team managers took part in the study, a fifth of the review officers were interviewed. Practical implications MPS should amend the objectives of a MCR to reflect the role they play in the prevention of miscarriages of justice. The MPS should conduct a skills analysis of existing staff. Reviewers should be appointed to cases within their sphere of expertise, and should all be qualified at Professionalising the Investigative Process (PIP) Level 3. The MPS should consider an arbitration process for contested review recommendations. The College of Policing should consider a PIP development programme for proactive SIOs. The College of Policing should review and support SIO continuing professional development opportunities within the MPS. Originality/value The findings are relevant to any police service currently undertaking 28-day reviews of unsolved homicide investigations.

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Naujoks, Anna. "Quality or Quantity? The Power of Expert Reviews in the Presence of Conflicting Aggregated Ratings." Journal of Service Management Research 5, no. 2 (2021): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/2511-8676-2021-2-119.

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Many consumers consult online reviews to evaluate services. Online review platforms present them with multiple cues by which to assess whether a review message is useful in their decision-making process. However, consumers are often faced with conflicting opinions from different information sources. By using the theoretical framework of dual-process theory and signaling theory, this paper examines the effect of majority and minority influences.It further investigates how expert reviewers are perceived, and the role played by the total number of available reviews. A 2 x 2 x 2 (review valence x expertise of conflicting review x number of reviews) scenario-based experiment is conducted. The results demonstrate that expert sources weaken the prominent influence of the majority, especially when majority size is small. The research contributes to existing literature by explaining how the simultaneous presence of majority and minority influences affects consumers’ decision-making process. Moreover, it examines the power of online expert reviewers.

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Weber, Ryan. "The Rhetoric of Expertise (review)." Rhetoric & Public Affairs 15, no. 1 (2012): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rap.2012.0005.

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Till, Alex. "Book review: Forensic psychiatric expertise: Interdisciplinary approach." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 59, no. 7 (October 21, 2013): 724–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764013493381.

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Taipale, Jaakko. "Judges’ socio-technical review of contested expertise." Social Studies of Science 49, no. 3 (June 2019): 310–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312719854538.

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This article investigates how civil court judges practice meta-expertise in cases that feature contradictory and inconclusive medical expertise. The empirical case study consists of a sample of eleven Helsinki district court verdicts from 2014–2017, drawn from a larger number of similar traffic insurance compensation cases. The case-type features a medical controversy concerning traumatic brain injury (TBI) diagnostics. I contend that the difficulties judges face in evaluating the medical expertise result from epistemic asymmetries between legal and medical professionals. This study highlights the importance of explaining and understanding how judges overcome uncertainty and discriminate between expert positions. Drawing from earlier studies on meta-expertise and judges’ practice of evaluating expertise in court, I introduce the concept ‘socio-technical review’ to describe judges’ practice of facilitating highly technical and esoteric scientific expertise to needs of judicial decision making. I argue that socio-technical review is a special form of practicing meta-expertise, which effectively allows meta-experts to manage epistemic asymmetries. In examining how meta-expertise is practiced in the TBI case-type, the paper contributes to general sociological understanding of decision-making under uncertainty and suggests further studies in comparable settings.

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Bolger, Fergus. "Cognitive expertise research and knowledge engineering." Knowledge Engineering Review 10, no. 1 (March 1995): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900007232.

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AbstractThis paper is a review of research into cognitive expertise. The review is organized in terms of a simple model of the knowledge and cognitive processes that might be expected to be enhanced in experts relative to non-experts. This focus on cognitive competence underlying expert performance permits the identification of skills and knowledge that we might wish to capture and model in expert systems. The competence perspective also indicates areas of weakness in human experts. In these areas, we might wish to support or replace the expert with, for example, a normative system rather than attempting to model his or her knowledge.

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Ko, Arthur, Rosanne Burson, and Renay Gagleard. "Brilliant at the Basics: An Academic Practice Partnership to Build Nursing Management Expertise." Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing 52, no. 3 (March 2021): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20210216-08.

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Aditya, Anindita R., and Yeshika Alversia. "The Influence of Online Review on Consumers’ Purchase Intention." GATR Journal of Management and Marketing Review 4, no. 3 (September 21, 2019): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2019.4.3(4).

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Objective – The development of cafe businesses in Indonesia has recently increased, making the level of competition become tighter. This is what makes cafe business able to maintain the loyalty of the customer, due to consumers’ tending to try new things or places. In this context, research was conducted to determine the impact of online reviews on a review website platform on consumer purchase intention in choosing the first visited cafe. Methodology/Technique – The customer’s decision-making is affected by various factors such as review platforms, other customer reviews, and property characteristics as well as the customer's profile itself. Previous research models have become a reference for this study, and this study was conducted by collecting data from questionnaires that were distributed using an online survey. Findings – This study identified six features of online review content and one source attribute, namely timeliness, reviewer expertise, usefulness, volume, positive online reviews, negative online reviews, and comprehensiveness. Regression analysis was used to examine the impact of these attributes on consumer purchase intention. Novelty – The results of the regression analysis showed significant relationships among variables like usefulness, volume, timeliness, positive online reviews, negative online reviews, and comprehensiveness, along with property characteristics on consumer’s purchase intention. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Online review, electronic word-of-mouth, review website platform, purchase intention Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Aditya, R.A; Alversia, Y. 2019. The Influence of Online Review on Consumers’ Purchase Intention, J. Mgt. Mkt. Review 4 (3) 194 – 201 https://doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2019.4.3(4) JEL Classification: M30, M31, M39.

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Yang, Jun, Enping (Shirley) Mai, and Joseph Ben-Ur. "Did you Tell me the Truth?: The Influence of Online Community on eWOM." International Journal of Market Research 54, no. 3 (May 2012): 369–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/ijmr-54-3-369-389.

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With the rapid development of online communities and social networks, marketers have started to use online opinion leaders to influence their social circles. In this study, we use a review dataset generated from an online forum to empirically investigate social influence on reviewers' eWOM motives and readers' feedback. Our results show that, first, community members' reviews are not influenced by their forum involvement. Their evaluations mainly depend on product attributes. Second, the reviews from those who have established their expertise in the community generate more ‘buzz’ and more trust among online forum readers compared to reviewers with less expertise. The findings indicate that certain marketing strategies, such as ‘seeding’ targeted towards opinion leaders, may work better than a general buzz marketing strategy targeted towards a general audience. Our results also provide useful guidance on how to identify opinion leaders in the online community.

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Manchikanti, Laxmaiah. "Evidence-Based Medicine, Systematic Reviews, and Guidelines in Interventional Pain Management: Part 6. Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies." September 2009 5;12, no. 5;9 (September 15, 2008): 819–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2009/12/819.

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Observational studies provide an important source of information when randomized controlled trials (RCTs) cannot or should not be undertaken, provided that the data are analyzed and interpreted with special attention to bias. Evidence-based medicine (EBM) stresses the examination of evidence from clinical research and describes it as a shift in medical paradigm, in contrast to intuition, unsystematic clinical experience, and pathophysiologic rationale. While the importance of randomized trials has been created by the concept of the hierarchy of evidence in guiding therapy, much of the medical research is observational. The reporting of observational research is often not detailed and clear enough with insufficient quality and poor reporting, which hampers the assessment of strengths and weaknesses of the study and the generalizability of the mixed results. Thus, in recent years, progress and innovations in health care are measured by systematic reviews and meta-analyses. A systematic review is defined as, “the application of scientific strategies that limit bias by the systematic assembly, clinical appraisal, and synthesis of all relevant studies on a specific topic.” Meta-analysis usually is the final step in a systematic review. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are labor intensive, requiring expertise in both the subject matter and review methodology, and also must follow the rules of EBM which suggests that a formal set of rules must complement medical training and common sense for clinicians to integrate the results of clinical research effectively. While expertise in the review methods is important, the expertise in the subject matter and technical components is also crucial. Even though, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, specifically of RCTs, have exploded, the quality of the systematic reviews is highly variable and consequently, the opinions reached of the same studies are quite divergent. Numerous deficiencies have been described in methodologic assessment of the quality of the individual articles. Consequently, observational studies can provide an important complementary source of information, provided that the data are analyzed and interpreted in the context of confounding bias to which they are prone. Appropriate systematic reviews of observational studies, in conjunction with RCTs, may provide the basis for elimination of a dangerous discrepancy between the experts and the evidence. Steps in conducting systematic reviews of observational studies include planning, conducting, reporting, and disseminating the results. MOOSE, or Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology, a proposal for reporting contains specifications including background, search strategy, methods, results, discussion, and conclusion. Use of the MOOSE checklist should improve the usefulness of meta-analysis for authors, reviewers, editors, readers, and decision-makers. This manuscript describes systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies. Authors frequently utilize RCTs and observational studies in one systematic review; thus, they should also follow the reporting standards of the Quality of Reporting of Meta-analysis (QUOROM) statement, which also provides a checklist. A combined approach of QUOROM and MOOSE will improve reporting of systematic reviews and lead to progress and innovations in health care. Key words: Observational studies, evidence-based medicine, systematic reviews, metaanalysis, randomized trials, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, confounding bias, QUOROM, MOOSE

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MURESAN, Valentin. "Thoughts on the New Ethics Expertise. Book Review." Postmodern Openings VII, no. 1 (June 27, 2016): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/po/2016.0701.12.

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Levine, Steven P., and Jeffrey S. Lee. "AppliedExpands Editorial Review Board; International Members Add Expertise." Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 8, no. 12 (December 1993): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1047322x.1993.10388235.

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Campbell, Anthony. "Book Review: Acupuncture, Expertise and Cross-Cultural Medicine." Acupuncture in Medicine 20, no. 1 (March 2002): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.20.1.49.

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Ashworth, William J. "Power, Knowledge, and Expertise in Elizabethan England (review)." Technology and Culture 47, no. 1 (2006): 188–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2006.0053.

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Price, Emma. "Review: Smart Living: Lifestyle Media and Popular Expertise." Media International Australia 131, no. 1 (May 2009): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0913100129.

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Haugaasen, Mathias, and Geir Jordet. "Developing football expertise: a football-specific research review." International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology 5, no. 2 (September 2012): 177–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1750984x.2012.677951.

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Ghazanfari, Mohammad Reza, Mehrdad Kashefi, Seyyedeh Fatemeh Shams, and Mahmoud Reza Jaafari. "Perspective of Fe3O4Nanoparticles Role in Biomedical Applications." Biochemistry Research International 2016 (2016): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7840161.

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In recent years, although many review articles have been presented about bioapplications of magnetic nanoparticles by some research groups with different expertise such as chemistry, biology, medicine, pharmacology, and materials science and engineering, the majority of these reviews are insufficiently comprehensive in all related topics like magnetic aspects of process. In the current review, it is attempted to carry out the inclusive surveys on importance of magnetic nanoparticles and especially magnetite ones and their required conditions for appropriate performance in bioapplications. The main attentions of this paper are focused on magnetic features which are less considered. Accordingly, the review contains essential magnetic properties and their measurement methods, synthesis techniques, surface modification processes, and applications of magnetic nanoparticles.

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Cherrstrom, Catherine A., and John Bixby. "Construct of Expertise Within the Context of HRD: Integrative Literature Review." Human Resource Development Review 17, no. 4 (September 5, 2018): 440–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534484318796762.

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Human resource development (HRD) academics and practitioners often speak of developing expertise in individuals and unleashing expertise in organizations. For individuals, expertise has professional and personal implications related to employment, work performance, career development, career transition, and resulting livelihood across the life span. For organizations, expertise has implications for training and development; for organizational development, as a competitive advantage; and for performance. Expertise presents challenges and opportunities for HRD and merits additional research to meet such challenges and leverage opportunities to benefit individuals, teams, organization, communities, nations, and humanity. The purpose of this integrative literature review was to examine the construct of expertise within the context of HRD. Findings included where, when, and how authors used expertise in the HRD literature. Major themes comprised expertise and assessment, workforce development, professional development, leadership development, redevelopment, and elicitation and transfer. Findings have implications for theory and practice and inform future research.

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Feingold, Daniel L., Emmanouil P. Pappou, and Steven A. Lee-Kong. "Diagnostic Modalities in Gastrointestinal Bleeding." Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery 33, no. 01 (January 2020): 005–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1693440.

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AbstractA variety of diagnostic modalities is available to assist in the evaluation of patients presenting with acute gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. This article reviews some older technologies like colonoscopy, nuclear scintigraphy, and conventional angiography and will also review the newest additions to the lower GI bleeding diagnostic toolbox, which are video capsule endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) angiography. The management algorithm used at a given institution depends on the available expertise and resources.

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Burmatova, O. P. "Environmental Expertise: Opportunities, Problems, Solutions." Vestnik NSUEM, no. 2 (July 6, 2020): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34020/2073-6495-2020-2-025-041.

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The implementation of any business project should be preceded by activities to predict its possible impact on the environment and to obtain environmental acceptability assessments for the implementation of the corresponding project. Ecological expertise is aimed at solving these important tasks. State environmental review is the legal form of preventive environmental control; carried out with the aim of verifying the compliance of economic and other activities with environmental safety requirements; It is carried out on the principles of mandatory conduct, scientific validity and legality of its conclusions and independence, extra-departmental organization and conduct, wide publicity and public participation. The article discusses the purpose of environmental assessments, formulates their basic principles arising from foreign practice of environmental policy in developed countries that have significant experience in the development and effective application of various institutional instruments for environmental regulation, including environmental impact assessments. The article gives an analysis of the establishment of the institute of environmental expertise in Russia, shows the results achieved and the omissions in this area over the past 30 years, reveals the causes and consequences of the minimization of the state environmental review after 2000. Based on the analysis of amendments to the Russian environmental legislation introduced in the last few years concerning the procedure and procedure for conducting environmental assessments, it is shown that these changes did not contribute to the improvement of the current situation. A number of measures have been proposed which are currently ripe for reanimating approaches to state environmental expertise, including the restoration of a system of specially authorized state bodies in the field of environmental protection; strengthening legislation on the institute of environmental impact assessment; streamlining issues of their financing, etc.

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Mackiewicz, Jo. "Assertions of Expertise in Online Product Reviews." Journal of Business and Technical Communication 24, no. 1 (September 10, 2009): 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1050651909346929.

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Journal articles on the topic 'An experting review'

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