Relevant bibliographies by topics / An quan gong cheng

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'An quan gong cheng'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "An quan gong cheng"

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Schmalzer, Sigrid. "Weimin Xiong;, Kedi Wang. He cheng yi ge dan bai zhi: Jie jing niu yi dao su de ren gong quan he cheng [Synthesize a protein: The story of total synthesis of crystalline insulin project in China]. (Zhongguo jin xian dai ke xue ji shu shi yan jiu cong shu.). 194 pp., figs., bibl., app., index. Jinan: Shandong jiao yu chu ban she [Shandong Education Press], 2005. $25 (paper)." Isis 99, no. 1 (March 2008): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/589404.

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CAI, Jun, Kazuyoshi FUMOTO, Takio HIRANO, Jian ZHANG, and Akira NAITO. "COMPOSITION OF CHINESE CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURAL BOOK "GONG CHENG ZUO FA ZE LIE"." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 64, no. 520 (1999): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.64.313_3.

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CAI, Jun, Kazuyoshi FUMOTO, Takio HIRANO, Jian ZHANG, and Akira NAITO. "DESIGN TECHNIQUE OF KIWARI OF "DOU-KOU TYPE" IN "GONG CHENG ZUO FA ZE LIE"." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 65, no. 527 (2000): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.65.255_1.

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Waley-Cohen, Joanna. "Commemorating War in Eighteenth-Century China." Modern Asian Studies 30, no. 4 (October 1996): 869–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00016826.

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Reviewing his long reign in 1792, the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1736–1795) hailed his military triumphs as one of its central accomplishments. To underscore the importance he ascribed to these successes, he began to style himself ‘Old Man of the Ten Complete Victories’ (Shi Quan Lao Ren), after an essay in which he boldly declared he had surpassed, in ‘Ten Complete Military Victories’ (Shi Quan Wu Gong), the far-reaching westward expansions of the great Han (206 BCE–220 CE) and Tang (618–907) empires. Such an assertion, together with the program of commemoration discussed below, served to justify the immense expense incurred by frequent long-distance campaigning; to elevate all these wars to an unimpeachable level of splendor even though some were distinctly less glorious than others; and to align the Manchu Qing dynasty (16–191 i) with two of the greatest native dynasties of Chinese history and the Qianlong Emperor personally with some of the great figures of the past.
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Zhang, Hong. "Electro-acupuncture on Lower He-sea Points: How Does it Affect Serum HMGB1 and Tissue α7 nAChR in Ulcerative Colitis Rats." Journal of Acupuncture and Herbs 3, no. 1 (November 1, 2015): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tcm-2015-0006.

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Abstract Objective: To observe the expression levels of serum high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) , nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 (α7 nAChR) and nuclear factor kappa-B mRNA(NF-κB mRNA) in colon tissue after electroacupuncture (EA) on Shangjuxu, Zusanli, Xiajuxu,Yanglingquan and Chengjin points, by comparison of the different effects we could thus explore the relative specificity of Shangjuxu on treating its corresponding viscera’ s disease. Methods: Seventy SD rats were randomly assigned to seven groups labeled by blank control (A), Model (B), Shang Ju Xu (C), Zu San Li (D), Xia Ju Xu (E), Yang Ling Quan (F), Cheng Jin (G), ten (half males and half females) in each group. Except for the blank control group, animals in other groups were modeled to ulcerative colitis (UC) by lavation of 2-4-6 trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS)/ethanol solution. After successful modeling animals in the five treatment groups were respectively treated with electroaccupuncture at corresponding acupoint for 10 consecutive days. Then histological changes in the colon were observed by light microscopy. ELISA method was used to check models’serum HMGB1 content, and α7 nAChR in the colon were detected by western blot , RT-PCR was used to detecte NF-κB mRNA. Results: ① Compared with the model group, the tissue injury changes in 5 treatment groups improved to a certain extent, and the colon tissue NF-κB mRNA expression of them decreasd signifcantly（P<0.01),as well, the α7 nAChR expression of Shang Ju Xu group, Zu San Li group and Xia Ju Xu group increased signifcantly (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and their serum HMGB1 content made obvious decrease(P<0.01 or P<0.05), the α7 nAChR expression in Yang Ling Quan group was also increased significantly（P<0.01). ② Compared with Shang Ju Xu group, the tissue injury changes of groups including Xia Ju Xu,Yang Ling Quan and Cheng Jin are much severe under light microscope, and the α7 nAChR expression of them decreased with significance（P<0.01),both serum HMGB1 content and colon tissue NF-κB mRNA expression increased significantly as well（P<0.01),the serum HMGB1 content of Zu San Li group also increased significantly（P<0.01). Conclusion: ① Electroacupuncture on all five different acupoints can improve the UC through regulating HMGB1, α7 nAChR and NF-κB mRNA, and effectively inhibiting the immune response, reducing inflammatory response of colon and improving pathological changes of colonic mucosa. ②The effect of treating UC inflammation in rats when electroacupuncture at Shang Ju Xu was better than Zu San Li, Xiajuxu, Yang Ling Quan and Cheng Jin, which demonstrated that Shangjuxu treating UC has some relative specificity.
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HUANG, JIA, LU GONG, SHUN-CHERN TSAUR, LIN ZHU, KEYING AN, and HONGWEI CHEN. "Revision of the subgenus Phortica (sensu stricto) (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from East Asia, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes." Zootaxa 4678, no. 1 (September 30, 2019): 1–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4678.1.1.

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A total of 50 (43 known and seven new) species in the subgenus Phortica (sensu stricto) were surveyed and (re)described from China: P. bicornuta (Chen & Toda, 1997); P. bipartita (Toda & Peng, 1992); P. biprotrusa (Chen & Toda, 1998); P. cardua (Okada, 1977); P. chi (Toda & Sidorenko, 1996); P. conifera (Okada, 1977); P. eparmata (Okada, 1977); P. eugamma (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. excrescentiosa (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. fangae (Máca, 1993); P. flexuosa (Zhang & Gan, 1986); P. foliata (Chen & Toda, 1997); P. gamma (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. gigas (Okada, 1977); P. glabtabula Chen & Gao, 2005; P. hainanensis (Chen & Toda, 1998); P. hongae (Máca, 1993); P. huazhii Cheng & Chen, 2008; P. iota (Toda & Sidorenko, 1996); P. jadete Zhu, Cao & Chen, 2018; P. kappa (Máca, 1977); P. lambda (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. latifoliacea Chen & Watabe, 2008; P. magna (Okada, 1960); P. okadai (Máca, 1977); P. omega (Okada, 1977); P. orientalis (Hendel, 1914); P. pangi Chen & Wen, 2005; P. paramagna (Okada, 1971); P. perforcipata (Máca & Lin, 1993); P. pi (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. protrusa (Zhang & Shi, 1997); P. pseudopi (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. pseudotau (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. psi (Zhang & Gan, 1986); P. rhagolobos Chen & Gao, 2008; P. saeta (Zhang & Gan, 1986); P. setitabula Chen & Gao, 2005; P. subradiata (Okada, 1977); P. tau (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. uncinata Chen & Gao, 2005; P. unipetala Chen & Wen, 2005; P. allomega Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; P. archikappa Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; P. dianzangensis Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; P. imbacilia Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; P. liukuni Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; P. tibeta Gong & Chen, sp. nov.; and P. xianfui Gong & Chen, sp. nov. In addition, seven new synonyms were recognized: P. acongruens (Zhang & Shi, 1997), syn. nov.; P. antillaria (Chen & Toda, 1997), syn. nov.; P. kukuanensis Máca, 2003, syn. nov.; P. linae (Máca & Chen, 1993), syn. nov.; P. shillongensis (Singh & Gupta, 1979), syn. nov.; P. takadai (Okada, 1977), syn. nov.; and P. watanabei (Máca & Lin, 1993), syn. nov. A key to all Asian species (except for the eparmata species complex) of this subgenus was provided. All currently available DNA barcode (partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene) sequences of this subgenus (217 sequences of 54 species) are employed in a molecular analysis using different species delimitation methods. The results indicate that approximately 68.5% (37 of 54 spp.) of Phortica (s. str.) species could be clearly distinguished from closely related morphospecies or cryptic species.
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Phương, Nguyễn Ngọc Duy, Lê Đình Minh Trí, Võ Tường Huân, Trần Quốc Cường, and Trịnh Thị Thùy Dương. "Mối quan hệ giữa hành vi đồng tạo sinh giá trị, sự hài lòng và lòng trung thành của khách hàng lĩnh vực y tế." KINH TẾ VÀ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH 15, no. 3 (January 12, 2021): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.46223/hcmcoujs.econ.vi.15.3.1329.2020.

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Nghiên cứu được tiến hành để làm rõ tính liên quan giữa hành vi đồng tạo sinh giá trị, sự hài lòng và lòng trung thành của khách hang trong lĩnh vực y tế. Hành vi đồng tạo sinh giá trị là khái niệm về hành vi tham gia của khách hàng, trong đó đề cập đến hành vi bắt buộc (trong vai trò) để đồng sáng tạo giá trị thành công (Yi & Gong, 2013). Sự hài lòng của khách hàng là một thái độ tổng thể của khách hàng đối với một nhà cung cấp dịch vụ. Lòng trung thành khách hàng có thể được xem là lòng tin của khách hàng, sự ưu tiên lựa chọn sản phẩm và lặp lại trong những lần sử dụng sau đó, đồng thời thông qua truyền miệng tích cực. Dữ liệu nghiên cứu là dữ liệu sơ cấp được khảo sát trực tiếp 405 bệnh nhân tại bệnh viện Thủ Đức. Nghiên cứu sử dụng phân tích mô hình phương trình cấu trúc (SEM) để ước lượng mối quan hệ. Kết quả nghiên cứu chứng minh hành vi tham gia của người bệnh hay các thành phần của nó (hành vi có trách nhiệm, hành vi giao tiếp, hành vi tìm kiếm thông tin và hành vi chia sẻ thông tin) đều có mối quan hệ thuận chiều đến sự hài lòng và lòng trung thành của khách hàng.
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Jong Mo Jung. "Cheng Yichuan(程伊川)’s Concept of Quan(權) and the Changes of the Times." Studies in Confucianism 43, no. ll (May 2018): 141–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18216/yuhak.2018.43..006.

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Wu, Guo. "ZHENG ZHEN AND THE RISE OF EVIDENTIAL RESEARCH IN LATE QING NORTHERN GUIZHOU." Journal of Chinese History 2, no. 1 (August 7, 2017): 145–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jch.2017.15.

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AbstractThis article investigates the formation of the Shatan scholarly group and the contribution of its leader, Zheng Zhen. Zheng benefitted from a vigorous trans-regional cultural network of returned local scholars such as Li Xun and Mo Yuchou and prominent scholar-officials from outside such as Cheng Enze and He Changling. Zheng Zhen remained true to the approaches and research topics of evidential research, i.e., historical philology and exegesis of pre-Qin classics, bibliography, and an inquiry into ancient institutions and technology, in an era when the general intellectual trend turned toward statecraft studies and the politicized Modern Text School, promoted by scholars like Gong Zizhen and Kang Youwei. The contribution of the Shatan group, Zheng Zhen in particular, embodies the rise of evidential research, a passion for facts, as well as concerns about society. More importantly, it prompts us to rethink Guizhou as an active agent in the late Qing Chinese cultural landscape.
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CHEN, Xin, and Kazuyoshi FUMOTO. "DESIGN TECHNIQUE OF BRACKET COMPLEX CALLED “QIAO ANG DOU KE” IN CHINESE CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURAL BOOK “GONG CHENG ZUO FA ZE LIE”." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 73, no. 630 (2008): 1797–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.73.1797.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "An quan gong cheng"

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Chen, Shengluo. "Zhongguo guo you qi ye de chan quan bian ge yu dang de ling dao = The change of property rights in state-owned enterprises and the party leadership /." click here to view the abstract and table of contents, 2000. http://net3.hkbu.edu.hk/~libres/cgi-bin/thesisab.pl?pdf=b15941176a.pdf.

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Tu, Tsung-lan. "Canonical and poetic studies in Hu Chenggong's Maoshi Houjian = Hu cheng gong "Mao shi hou jian" de jing xue yu shi xue /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38030780.

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Ping, Ping. "Cong "da er quan" de zu zhi dao zi chan zhuan yong xing de zu zhi Guangzhou yi jia ji qi zhi zao ye guo you qi ye de zu zhi bian qian /." online access from ProQuest databases, 2002. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/pqdiss.pl?3052138.

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Kong, Ching-man Paula. "The effectiveness of genre approach to teaching book report writing to senior secondary students Wen lei gong neng jiao xue fa zai du shu bao gao xie zuo jiao xue de cheng xiao /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38203376.

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Manning, Kimberley P. E. "Sexual equality and state building : gender conflict in the Great Leap Forward /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10778.

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Ma, Koon-yiu. "The development of Hong Kong structural engineering standards after the Second World War and before 1997 Zhan hou dao hui gui qian Xianggang jie gou gong cheng gui fan fa zhan de tan tao /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3862073X.

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He, Jiahua. "Li yong shi xiang gong ju jin xing xie zuo qian gou si xun lian dui zuo wen cheng ji de ying xiang : kong zhi zu qian hou ce zhun shi yan she ji = The influence of prewriting training by using visual tools on achievement in Chinese composition : control group pre-test and post-test quasi experimental design /." click here to view the abstract and table of contents click here to view the fulltext, 2005. http://net3.hkbu.edu.hk/~libres/cgi-bin/thesisab.pl?pdf=b18517511a.pdf.

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吳憶禎. "The study of modeling and space of calligraphy:use Xun Ou-Yang's"Jiu-Cheng-Gong LI-Quan inscription" as an example." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05388021707948324255.

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碩士
臺北市立師範學院
視覺藝術研究所
93
The composing methods of the formation of the calligraphy can be analyzed by the way of black lines, white zone, the field of force of picture and space, and the composing elements are points, lines and the entire area character. People who do not understand the meaning of Chinese characters also can realize its meaning by the sharp and structure of Chinese characters alone, and then the beautiful impression would be developed. This thesis takes Xun Ou﹘Yang’s “Jiu-Cheng-Gong LI-Quan inscription” as an example to discuss the artistry of the formation of calligraphy. The arrangement of this thesis is: Chapter one: Introduction. This chapter states research motive, purpose, approach methods, scope and noun interpretation separately. Chapter two: The Discussion of Documents. This chapter is divided into three sections. Section one is the review of documents. This section explains the definition and classification of the Chinese calligraphy. The content of Section two is the explanation of the theory of the Eastern calligraphy, in order to describe the relation between calligraphy, “lines” and “strength” and the structure of the regular script. The content of Section three is the illustration of Western shaping theory. This section uses the discussion of visual psychology as basis to discuss the feeling affected by the interaction of points, lines and entire area of sharps, and conducts the points of view of the “strength” caused by the picture in Western aesthetics.Chapter three: The Introduction of Xun Ou-Yang and “Jiu-Cheng-Gong LI-Quan inscription”. This chapter divides into two sections. Section one makes a description of the calligrapher in early Tang-dynasty: Xun Ou-Yang‘s brief biographical sketch and the past history of theory of his calligraphy. Section two illustrates the era that “Jiu-Cheng-Gong LI-Quan inscription” is produced.Chapter four: The analysis of skeleton of character and space. This character divided into three sections. Section one is the discussion of style of calligraphy between three calligraphers on the early Tang dynasty under the impression of vision, and tries to compare the style of calligraphy between inscriptions that the difference of lines is large in different dynasty. Section two analyzes the characters of “Jiu-Cheng-Gong LI-Quan inscription” under traditional calligraphy. Section three analyzes the conformational elements of “Jiu-Cheng-Gong LI-Quan inscription” under the usage of the Western shaping theory. Chapter five: Conclusion. Except that the conclusion of this research has been provided, we also hopes that this thesis could offer new thinking direction toward the follow-up researchers.
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簡澤峰. "Hu-Cheng-Gong” Mao-shi-hou-jian”analysis." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89697842750352039016.

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碩士
國立暨南國際大學
中國語文學系
89
This thesis has two chapters. The first chapter is Hu’s hermeneutic demeanor. Then analyze his hermeneutic. Since first chapter, we can demarcate Hu’s study-system. From second chapter, we can explicate Hu’s hermeneutic way.
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Yu, Sui-Chong, and 尤隨終. "A Sutvey of Confucianism in Taiwan from Zheng Cheng-gong of Ming Dynasty to the Japanese." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93593117310731721969.

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碩士
華梵大學
東方人文思想研究所
93
In this study the sources of the “Confucianism in Taiwan”are derived mainly from the corpus of Taiwan Wenxian Congkao. In accordance, the name “Taiwan”indicates the “Land”proper in its geographical sense. Owing to the existence of this land, the “Confucianism in Taiwan”can therefore be appended to the title “Taiwan”, which in turn can well be extended and spread over to the “History of Taiwan”As a result , the theme in this study is neither independent of the land ,nor independent of the traditional Confucianism , but a fusion of both . The essence of Taiwanese Confucianism has come down from traditional culture with self–motivated innovations and therefore is a kind of cultural fulfillment centered around Taiwan in respect to the connections between the traditional and present times. The traditional “Cultural China”relates closely to the “Cultural Taiwan”which , as shown in today’s reality , invents a cultural modernism as well as a native concern in every aspect . Furthermore, it has also survived a variety of difficulties stemmed from self-disorders and the impact from outside world. The culture of Taiwan is indeed different from the culture of China, especially from that under the control of the Chinese Communist Party. In fact, the culture of Taiwan should not be identified as the culture of China, even though the former holds a strong feeling fowards the latter. Culturally, Taiwan has its own identity and fulfills its own expectations. In Taiwan, Confucianism has become a spiritual and cultural sustenance relied on by the entire population. Also, it functions as a fountainhead from which flows incessantly an inspiration appearing on every level of lives.
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Books on the topic "An quan gong cheng"

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Hua gong an quan gong cheng xue. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo shi hua chu ban she, 2008.

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Xin xi an quan gong cheng. Beijing: Qing hua da xue chu ban she, 2017.

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Chen, Chen, Jian she bu ke ji wei zhi neng jian zhu ji shu kai fa tui guang zhong xin (China), and Zhongguo jian zhu ye xie hui. Zhi neng jian zhu zhuan ye wei yuan hui, eds. An quan fang fan gong cheng. Beijing: Zhongguo dian li chu ban she, 2006.

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1963-, Zhang Xiaodong, and Zhang Baodong active 2006, eds. An quan xi tong gong cheng. Beijing: Zhongguo ji liang chu ban she, 2006.

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Huang, Minghui. Saishi cheng gong xue da quan. [Malaysia]: Saishi xue yuan chu ban she, 1994.

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Da cheng quan zhu ji gong. 2nd ed. Taiyuan Shi: Shanxi chu ban chuan mei ji tuan, 2013.

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yu, Wu jing. Mian shi quan cheng gong lüe. Bei jing: Jing hua chu ban she, 2007.

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Yingjian, Niu, ed. Dian Qi An Quan Gong Cheng. Bei jing: Shou dou jing ji mao yi da xue chu ban she, 2000.

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Carnegie, Dale. Kanaiji cheng gong fa ze quan ji. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo wu zi chu ban she, 2005.

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Hua xue an quan gong cheng xue. Shenyang: Liaoning ke xue ji shu chu ban she, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "An quan gong cheng"

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Liao, Mingchun. "Reading Heng cheng 恆稱 in the Guodian Bamboo Text Lu Mu Gong wen Zisi 鲁穆公問子思 (Duke Mu of Lu Asked Zisi)." In Dao Companion to the Excavated Guodian Bamboo Manuscripts, 139–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04633-0_7.

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Taber, Douglass F. "Functionalization and Homologation of C-H Bonds." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0020.

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Justin Du Bois of Stanford University developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 10202) a Ru catalyst for the stereoretentive hydroxylation of 1 to 2. John T. Groves of Princeton University effected (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 12847) equatorial chlorination of the test substrate 3. Kenneth M. Nicholas of the University of Oklahoma found (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 7644) that I2 catalyzed the amination of 5. Thorsten Bach of the Technische Universität München established (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 3690) that the amination of 7 proceeded with significant diastereoselectivity. Phil S. Baran of Scripps/La Jolla compiled (Synlett 2010, 1733) an overview of the development of C-H oxidation. Tethering can improve the selectivity of C-H functionalization. X. Peter Zhang of the University of South Florida devised (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 10192) a Co catalyst for the cyclization of 9 to 10. Teck-Peng Loh of Nanyang Technological University established (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 8417) conditions for the oxidation of 11 to 12. Jin-Quan Yu, also of Scripps/La Jolla, effected (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 17378) carbonylation of methyl C-H of 13 to give 14. Sunggak Kim, now also at Nanyang Technological University, established (Synlett 2010, 1647) conditions for the free-radical homologation of 15 to 17. Gong Chen of Pennsylvania State University extended (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 3414) his work on remote Pd-mediated activation by cyclizing 18 to 19. Many schemes have been developed in recent years for the oxidation of substrates to reactive electrophiles. Gonghua Song of the East China University of Science and Technology and Chao-Jun Li of McGill University reported (Synlett 2010, 2002) Fe nanoparticles for the oxidative coupling of 20 with 21. Zhi-Zhen Huang of Nanjing University found (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 5214) that protonated pyrrolidine 25 was important for mediating the site-selective coupling of 24 with 23. Y. Venkateswarlu of the Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, was even able (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 4898) to effect coupling with a cyclic alkene 28. AB3217-A 32, isolated in 1992, was shown to have marked activity against two spotted spider mites. Christopher R. A. Godfrey of Syngenta Crop Protection, Münchwilen, prepared (Synlett 2010, 2721) 32 from commercial anisomycin 30a. The key step in the synthesis was the oxidative cyclization of 30b to 31.
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"Impressions of NCKU and Zheng Cheng-Gong(郑 成 功)." In Edu-renaissance, 379–85. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814632713_0044.

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4

Taber, Douglass F. "Organocatalytic Carbocyclic Construction: The Christmann Synthesis of (+)-Rotundial." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0069.

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Karl Anker Jørgensen of Aarhus University found (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 6650) that an organocatalyst could mediate the fragmentation of the prochiral cyclopropane 1 with high ee to the easily epimerized product 2. Guofu Zhong of Nanyang Technological University devised (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 6089) a dipolar cycloaddition strategy for the organocatalyzed combination of 3 and 4 with PhNHOH to give the highly substituted cyclopentane 5. Professor Jørgensen also established (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 7338) that conjugate addition of 7 to the prochiral cyclohexenone 6 proceeded with high ee. The initial adduct could be converted into the alkene 8, the alkyne, or the ketone. Wen-Jing Xiao of Central China Normal University, following up on the work of Gong and Cheng, developed (Tetrahedron 2009, 65, 9238) a simple organocatalyst for the desymmetrizing Michael addition of 9 to 10 to give 11 with high de and ee. Control of sidechain chirality is an important aspect of carbocyclic construction. Samuel H. Gellman of the University of Wisconsin demonstrated (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 16018) that the organocatalyzed addition of 13 to 12 proceeded with high facial selectivity and excellent diastereocontrol. In a complementary approach, Alexander J. A. Cobb of the University of Reading optimized (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 16016) an organocatalyst for the cyclization of 15 to 16, again with high facial selectivity and excellent diastereocontrol. Ying-Chun Chen of the West China School of Pharmacy established (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 4660) conditions for the organocatalyzed combination of 17 with 18 to give 19. In a related approach, Bor-Cherng Hong of the National Chung Cheng University showed (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 5246) that 20, 21, and 22 could be combined under organocatalysis to give 23 in high ee with excellent diastereocontrol. Both of these approaches, and several others that have been published recently, were carried out with aryl substituents. It remains to be seen whether alkyl substituents, which would be more useful in a target-directed synthesis, would be compatible with these methods for ring construction.
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Taber, Douglass F. "Substituted Benzenes: The Alvarez- Manzaneda Synthesis of (–)-Akaol A." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200794.003.0063.

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Ramin Ghorbani-Vaghei of Bu-Ali Sina University devised (Tetrahedron Lett. 2012, 53, 2325) conditions for the bromination of an electron-deficient arene such as 1. Yonghong Gu of the University of Science and Technology of China found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2011, 52, 4324) that an electron-rich anilide 3 could be oxidized to 4. Sukbok Chang of KAIST (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 2528) and Kouichi Ohe of Kyoto University (Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 3127) devised protocols for the oxidative cyanation of 5 to 6. Phenylazocarboxylates and triazenes are stable, but have the reaction chemistry of diazonium salts. The aromatic substitution chemistry of these derivatives has not been much explored. As illustrated by the conversion of 7 to 8, reported (J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 1520) by Markus R. Heinrich of the Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, the benzene ring of the phenylazocarboxylate is reactive with nucleophiles. In contrast, triazene-activated benzene rings should be particularly reactive with electrophiles, as exemplified by the transformation, below, of 20 to 21. Melanie S. Sanford of the University of Michigan observed (Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 1760) good selectivity for 12 in the Pd-catalyzed reaction of 10 with 11. Jérôme Waser of the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne used (Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 744) 14 to alkynylate 13 to give 15. Sulfonyl chlorides such as 16 are readily prepared from the corresponding arene, and many are commercially available. Jiang Cheng of Wenzhou University found (Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 449) conditions for the direct cyanation of 16 to 17. Kenneth M. Nicholas of the University of Oklahoma effected (J. Org. Chem. 2012, 77, 5600) selective ortho bromination of the carbamate 18 to give 19. Stefan Bräse of KIT observed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 3713) ortho trifluoromethylation of the triazene 20 to give 21. Ji-Quan Yu of Scripps/La Jolla designed (Nature 2012, 486, 518) the benzyl ether 22 to activate the arene for C–C bond formation at the meta position to give 23. Guo-Jun Deng of Xiangtan University employed (Org. Lett. 2012, 14, 1692) a borrowed hydrogen strategy to effect aromatization of 24 with nitrobenzene to give the aniline 25.
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Conference papers on the topic "An quan gong cheng"

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Chen, Xin, and Kazuyoshi Fomoto. "Estimations of manpower for Dou Ke in chapter 64 of the book Gong Cheng Zuo Fa Ze Li." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetce.2011.5774516.

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