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Journal articles on the topic 'Analeptics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Kabachna, I. V., V. I. Kabachnyy, and S. M. Drohovoz. "MECHANISMS OF ANALEPTIC AND ANTIGYPOXIC EFFECTS OF HETEROSIDES - DERIVATIVES OF SULFUR AND NITROGEN-CONTAINING HETEROCYCLES." Likarska sprava, no. 7-8 (December 31, 2019): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31640/jvd.7-8.2019(7).

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In order to expand the theoretical basis of the purposeful search of analeptics, the awakening and antihypoxic properties of heteroside-21, heteroside-31 (derivatives of sulfur- and nitrogen-containing heterocycles) were studied and the mechanisms of their action were established. Sodium thiopental (42 mg/kg) was used to simulate suppression of the respiratory and vascular centers of the brain. The comparison drugs were – sulfocamphocaine (SCC) with combined analeptic action (20 mg/kg) and the antihypoxic drug piracetam (300 mg/kg). The results were obtained on the models of thiopental anesthesia and normobaric hypoxia with hypercapnia. The analysis of data allowed to count qualitatively and quantitatively the arousing and antihypoxic activity of new substances and classical drugs; their effect on the respiratory center of the brain and behavioral responses of animals; theoretically substantiate, experimentally confirm and establish aerobic, anaerobic and detoxification mechanisms of realization of effects in various conditions; to formulate the theoretical bases of purposeful search of universal analeptics and antihypoxic drugs and offer an instrumental-methodological complex for their experimental reproduction.

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2

Kabachna I., Suprun E., Kabachnyy V., and Serdiukova Yu. "MECHANISMS OF ANALEPTIC AND ANTIGIPOXIC EFFECTS OF HETEROSIDES – (DERIVATIVES FOR SULFUR AND NITROGEN CONTAINING HETEROCYCLES)." World Science 1, no. 12(40) (December 30, 2018): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30122018/6265.

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In order to expand the theoretical base of targeted search for analeptics, the awakening and antihypoxic properties of Heterosides-21, Heterosides-31 (derivatives of sulfur and nitrogen containing heterocycles) were studied and their mechanisms of action were established. Sodium thiopental (42 mg/kg) was used to simulate suppression of the respiratory and vasomotor centers of the brain. Comparative drugs were the combined analeptic sulfocamphocaine (SCC) (20 mg/kg) and antihypoxant Piracetam (300 mg/kg).The results were obtained on the models of thiopental anesthesia and normobaric hypoxia with hypercapnia, the analysis of which allowed: to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the awakening, antihypoxic activity of the studied substances and classical preparations; their effect on the respiratory center of the brain and the behavioral responses of animals; theoretically substantiate, experimentally confirm and establish aerobic, anaerobic and detoxification mechanisms for the realization of effects in various conditions; to formulate the theoretical foundations of a targeted search for universal analeptics and antihypoxic drugs, to offer an instrumental and methodological complex for their experimental reproduction.

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3

Carrara, Maria, Francesca Capolongo, Lorenzo Cima, Giuseppina Fabbri, Angela Rampa, Piero Valenti, and Paolo Da Re. "Search for new analeptics: Homoanalogues of dimefline-type derivatives." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 56, no. 11 (1991): 2402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19912402.

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The preparation and the pharmacological profile of a selected number of homologues at C2 (homoflavones) of dimefline-type analeptics are described. The structural modifications introduced in I seems to cause a remarkable alteration of the CNS stimulating pattern so that the new compounds are to be considered as minor analeptics.

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4

Ball, C. M., and P. J. Featherstone. "Coramine and Other Analeptics." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 46, no. 1 (January 2018): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x1804600101.

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5

CARRARA, M., F. CAPOLONGO, L. CIMA, G. FABBRI, A. RAMPA, P. VALENTI, and P. DA RE. "ChemInform Abstract: Search for New Analeptics: Homoanalogues of Dimefline-Type Derivatives." ChemInform 23, no. 9 (August 22, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199209199.

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6

Kabachna, I. V., S. M. Drogovoz, V. I. Kabachnyy, and Yu Yu Serdiukova. "The standardized model of alcoholic anesthesia for the purposeful screening of analeptics." Klìnìčna farmacìâ 21, no. 4 (December 11, 2017): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/cphj.17.1440.

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7

Torkunova, Olga Vladimirovna, and Petr Dmitriyevich Shabanov. "Pharmacological correction of extreme effects of infrasound acoustic vibrations." Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy 12, no. 3 (September 15, 2014): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rcf12320-25.

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Review devoted the problem of pharmacological defance from infrasound exposure to the organism. The physiological, biophysical and biochemical bases of infrasound action on the organism both of men and animals are presented in the paper. The big practical material on pharmacological drugs action assessed as sound-protectors was analysed. The drugs list includes psychostimulants, nootropics, antioxidants, antihypoxants, vitamines, analgetics, nonsteroid anti-inftamatory drugs, analeptics, adrenoblockers, smasmolytics etc. All drugs divided into two groups: pathogenic and symptomatic type of action. The analysis of efficacy of pharmacological drugs action on the organism functioning changes due to infrasound exposure showed that the most perspective as sound-protectors were the drugs acting on the main pathogenetic chains.

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8

Gupta, Jeetendra Kumar. "Safety and toxicological profile of contemporary analeptics: Prodigious focus on doxapram and almitrine." RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND TECHNOLOGY 14, no. 2 (2021): 1104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360x.2021.00199.2.

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9

Toliou, Foteini. "Mestizaje and Intercultural Communication as the Analeptics to the Transhistorical Borderland Crises in Alejandro Morales’s Novel The Rag Doll Plagues (1992)." Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses, no. 81 (2020): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.recaesin.2020.81.14.

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This article focuses on Alejandro Morales’s novel The Rag Doll Plagues (1992) and explores the transhistorical dimensions of the subordination indigenous and mestiza/o identities experience against colonial and postcolonial authoritarian forces in the borderlands between Mexico and the United States. Spanish colonialism, US racism and eco-destruction, each transpiring in different moments of the New World history, are the diverse forms the borderland crises take up in the three Books comprising the novel. Mestizaje and intercultural communication, as well as the retrieval of the indigenous and Mexican cultural traditions, foster the ongoing creation of new hybrid racial, ethnic and cultural identities in all the three Books and, thus, emerge as the analeptics to the diachronically persistent plight of racism.

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10

Garberg, Lars, and Finn Sandberg. "A Method for Quantitative Estimation of the Stimulant Effect of Analeptics on the Spontaneous Motility of Rats." Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica 16, no. 4 (March 13, 2009): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0773.1960.tb01222.x.

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11

Lather, Amit, Sunil Sharma, Sarita Khatkar, and Anurag Khatkar. "Docking Related Survey on Heterocyclic Compounds Based on Glucosamine-6- Phosphate Synthase Inhibitors and their Antimicrobial Potential." Current Pharmaceutical Design 26, no. 15 (May 18, 2020): 1650–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200217115211.

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: The synthetic heterocyclic compounds have their importance due to their wide applications in various fields of science. The heterocyclic compounds have been reported for their anticancer, antitubercular, insecticides, analeptics, analgesic, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal, and weedicidal activity. Researchers have tried various newer targets in search of better antimicrobials acting via novel mechanisms. Glucosamine-6-Phosphate synthase is an enzyme present in microbial cells. The inactivation of G-6-P synthase may serve as a novel approach to find better antimicrobials. The increasing demands development of newer and effective antimicrobial drugs has reported in search of newer techniques for the generation of new drugs. Hence, the molecular docking technique shall be explored to find or investigate the newer target finding the novel compounds which can be an active antimicrobial compound. The present review has focused on the reported heterocyclic compounds which have been evaluated for their antimicrobial potential using G-6-P synthase as a target. The results of in silico methods and in vitro methods have been compared and critically discussed.

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12

Coper, H., and W. Herrmann. "Psychostimulants, Analeptics, Nootropics: An Attempt to Differentiate and Assess Drugs Designed for the Treatment of Impaired Brain Functions." Pharmacopsychiatry 21, no. 05 (September 1988): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1014678.

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13

Wilson-Scott, Joanna. "The short story and the bigger picture: Epiphanic analepses and violence in American literature." Short Fiction in Theory & Practice 9, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/fict_00002_1.

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Self-sufficient and epiphanic, the analeptic short story is presented in this article as a separate type of narrative that exists within the larger novel. Distinct from the analepsis in general, such short stories can be read as autonomous in that, despite their brevity, they are self-contained and cohesive fictions, able to stand alone and still function as a whole. As this article demonstrates, analeptic short stories are revelatory and can serve to destabilize the larger narratives in which they are found. Through an analysis of violence and childhood trauma in novels such as A. M. Homes’s The End of Alice and its companion piece Appendix A, along with Thomas Harris’s Red Dragon, this article offers a discussion on the ways in which analeptic short stories are pivotal elements of their wider context, and come to eclipse the larger narrative through revelation and a concise exploration of the characters and events within. Thus, it is argued that the analeptic short story is a specific type of short fiction, one that raises intriguing theoretical questions surrounding the American short story.

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14

Faden, Alan I., Gerard B. Fox, Lei Fan, Gian Luca Araldi, Lixin Qiao, Shaomeng Wang, and Alan P. Kozikowski. "Novel TRH analog improves motor and cognitive recovery after traumatic brain injury in rodents." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 277, no. 4 (October 1, 1999): R1196—R1204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.4.r1196.

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Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and certain TRH analogs show substantial neuroprotective effects in experimental brain or spinal cord trauma but also have other physiological actions (autonomic, analeptic, and endocrine) that may be undesirable for the treatment of neurotrauma in humans. We developed a novel TRH analog (2-ARA-53a), with substitutions at the NH2-terminus and imidazole ring, that preserves the neuroprotective action of TRH-like compounds while decreasing or eliminating their autonomic, analeptic, and endocrine effects. Rats administered 2-ARA-53a (1.0 mg/kg, n = 17) intravenously 30 min after lateral fluid percussion brain injury showed marked improvement in motor recovery compared with vehicle-treated controls ( n = 14). Treatment of mice subjected to moderate controlled cortical impact brain injury, at the same dose and time after trauma ( n = 8), improved both motor recovery and cognitive performance in a water maze place learning task compared with vehicle-treated controls ( n = 8). In injured rats, no autonomic or analeptic effects were observed with this compound, and endocrine effects were significantly reduced with 2-ARA-53a, in contrast to those found with a typical NH2-terminal-substituted TRH analog (YM-14673). These findings demonstrate that the neuroprotective effects of TRH-related compounds can be dissociated from their other major physiological actions and suggest a potential role for dual-substituted TRH analogs in the treatment of clinical neurotrauma.

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15

Mlynář, Jakub. "“I’ll tell you later on”." Narrative Inquiry 30, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 161–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.18020.mly.

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Abstract This article investigates an interactional phenomenon in which oral history interview participants deal with temporal structure in extended storytelling. It is based on the observation that while narrating a life story, participants routinely use its temporal structure as an organizing principle of the interview. Drawing inspiration from Sacks’ notion of tying devices and Genette’s distinction of prolepsis/analepsis, I have identified two forms of practices that interrelate storytelling sequences in an interview. For the first form, I propose the term analeptic tying: in this practice, turns produced earlier are treated as a resource for the current turn. For the second form, I propose the term proleptic tying, which refers to planned turns of speech that have yet to be produced being treated as a resource. I discuss the proleptic and analeptic tying devices in relation to relevant research in ethnomethodology/conversation analysis, which is the approach taken in this article.

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16

Murugesan, Thandeeswaran, Nisshanthini Durairaj, Mahendran Ramasamy, Karunya Jayaraman, Muthusamy Palaniswamy, and Angayarkanni Jayaraman. "Analeptic agent from microbes upon cyanide degradation." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 102, no. 4 (December 28, 2017): 1557–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-017-8674-x.

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17

Wax, Paul M. "Analeptic Use in Clinical Toxicology: A Historical Appraisal." Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology 35, no. 2 (January 1997): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563659709001195.

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18

Yamawaki, Shigeto, Monserrat A. Carino, and Akira Horita. "Analeptic effect of opiate receptor agonists in rabbits." Neuroscience Letters 55, no. 1 (March 1985): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(85)90312-x.

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19

DAVID, PATRICK, GERNOT VOGEL, and OLIVIER S. G. PAUWELS. "A new species of the genus Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 (Squamata: Colubridae) from southern Vietnam and Cambodia." Zootaxa 1939, no. 1 (November 21, 2008): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1939.1.3.

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A new species of the Oligodon cyclurus-group is described from southern Vietnam and Cambodia, Oligodon saintgironsi spec. nov. It differs from other members of this group by the combination of 19 scale rows at the neck, 17 or 18 dorsal scale rows at midbody, a long and robust tail, very long and thin hemipenes, and a blotched pattern. It is most similar to Oligodon ocellatus (Morice, 1875). Oligodon analepticos Campden-Main, 1970 is confirmed as a synonym of Oligodon ocellatus. A key to the Oligodon cyclurus-group is provided.

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20

Liu, Yong. "Application of Fiber Optic Biosensor in Detection of Sports Analeptic." International Journal Bioautomation 22, no. 4 (December 2018): 301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2018.22.4.301-314.

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21

Oppermann, D., I. Huber, M. Nink, and V. Schulz. "Human corticotropin-releasing factor (hCRF) is a potent respiratory analeptic." Klinische Wochenschrift 64, no. 19 (October 1986): 924–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01728617.

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22

Horita, A., M. A. Carino, and C. Chinn. "Fentanyl produces cholinergically-mediated analeptic and EEG arousal effects in rats." Neuropharmacology 28, no. 5 (May 1989): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0028-3908(89)90083-x.

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23

Nguyen, Vien, Alevtina D. Zharikova, Katalin Prokai-Tatrai, and Laszlo Prokai. "[Glu2]TRH dose-dependently attenuates TRH-evoked analeptic effect in mice." Brain Research Bulletin 82, no. 1-2 (April 2010): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.02.007.

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24

Horita, A., M. A. Carino, and C. Chinn. "Codeine produces a cholinergically mediated analeptic effect in rats and rabbits." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 30, no. 1 (May 1988): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(88)90432-7.

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25

Ndiaye, Issaga. "Motion, Change and Discontinuity in David Lodge’s Changing Places (1975)." IAFOR Journal of Literature & Librarianship 9, no. 2 (December 14, 2020): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22492/ijl.9.2.06.

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This paper aims to show that the suitability of the title of Lodge’s novel, Changing Places, transcends the surface level meaning of the story it purports to reflect. In its referentiality, this title is far from restrictive. The concept of motion it suggests can be found in the interactions between characters, but also at an emotional and textual level. I argue that movement and change prevail in the novel. The analeptic references, and peripatetic nature of the story, as well as the shifts of identity noticed in the protagonists, among others, are very telling as to the place devoted to movement and change. Also, Lodge’s different narrative techniques disrupt the narrative linear progression.

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26

Mann, K., J. Röschke, M. Nink, J. Aldenhoff, J. Beyer, O. Benkert, and H. Lehnert. "RESPIRATORY ANALEPTIC EFFECT OF CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE DURING SLEEP IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS." Clinical Neuropharmacology 15 (1992): 80B. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002826-199202001-00155.

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27

Recanatini, Maurizio, Piero Valenti, Paolo Da Re, and Pietro Giusti. "Synthesis and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of Analeptic Agents Related to Dimefline." Archiv der Pharmazie 322, no. 5 (1989): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ardp.19893220504.

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28

HUBER, IRMGARD, ULRICH KRAUSE, MANFRED NINK, HENDRIK LEHNERT, and JüRGEN BEYER. "Dexamethasone Does not Suppress the Respiratory Analeptic Effect of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone*." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 69, no. 2 (August 1989): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem-69-2-440.

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29

Freiberger, John J., and David Martel. "THE ANALEPTIC EFFECT OF TRH ON RATS ANESTHETIZED WITH COMMONLY USED INHALATION ANESTHETICS." Anesthesiology 65, Supplement 3A (September 1986): A106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-198609001-00105.

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30

Yabase, M., M. A. Carino, and A. Horita. "Cocaine produces cholinergically mediated analeptic and EEG arousal effects in rabbits and rats." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 37, no. 2 (October 1990): 375–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(90)90351-h.

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31

Helmer, Henrike. "Analepsen mit Topik-Drop. Zur Notwendigkeit einer diskurssemantischen Perspektive." Zeitschrift für germanistische Linguistik 45, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2017-0001.

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AbstractAnalepses with topic-drop are frequent structures in German interaction. While hitherto the focus on analepses was a rather syntactic one, this paper deals with analeptic structures from a semantic perspective. It particularly concentrates on the semantic relations between the referents of the analepses and the prior interactional context. This analysis shows that even for rather simple analepses which just omit a constituent from the prior utterance, conceptual processes are more decisive for its interpretation than syntactic features of the antecedent constituents. This is even more the case for complex analepses that are only indirectly linked to the prior context, and for the interpretation of which hearers need to draw inferences. The paper argues that theoretical approaches like Conversation Analysis and Interactional Linguistics can profit from adopting a semantic and conceptual perspective for the interpretation of interactional structures.

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32

Horita, A., M. A. Carino, and Y. Nishimura. "THE EFFECTS OF ATROPINE, D1 AND D2 ANTAGONISTS ON THE ANALEPTIC ACTION OF METHAMPHETAMINE." Clinical Neuropharmacology 15 (1992): 596B. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002826-199202001-01163.

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33

Hinkle, Patricia M., A. Eugene Pekary, Shayani Senanayaki, and Albert Sattin. "Role of TRH receptors as possible mediators of analeptic actions of TRH-like peptides." Brain Research 935, no. 1-2 (May 2002): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-8993(02)02454-x.

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34

BÖSELT, G., J. WILKENS, and T. H. SCHÜRMEYER. "Respiratory analeptic effects of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) under basal conditions and CO2-rebreathing." Acta Endocrinologica 117, no. 4_Suppl (April 1988): S91—S92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.117s091.

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35

Clarke, K. A., and L. Djouhri. "Interactions between adrenergic systems, anaesthetic and TRH analogue induced analeptic effects on VBT transmission." Neuropeptides 20, no. 1 (September 1991): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-4179(91)90034-g.

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36

Prokai-Tatrai, Katalin, Vien Nguyen, and Laszlo Prokai. "[β-Glu2]TRH Is a Functional Antagonist of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) in the Rodent Brain." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12 (June 9, 2021): 6230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126230.

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Selective antagonists of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH; pGlu-His-Pro-NH2), in order to enable a better understanding of this peptide’s central functions, have not been identified. Using pGlu-Glu-Pro-NH2 ([Glu2]TRH) as a lead peptide and with modification at its central residue, our studies focused on some of its analogues synthesized as potential functional antagonists of TRH in the rodent brain. Among the peptides studied, the novel isomeric analogue [β-Glu2]TRH was found to suppress the analeptic and antidepressant-like pharmacological activities of TRH without eliciting intrinsic effects in these paradigms. [β-Glu2]TRH also completely reversed TRH’s stimulation of acetylcholine turnover in the rat hippocampus without a cholinergic activity of its own, which was demonstrated through in vivo microdialysis experiments. Altogether, [β-Glu2]TRH emerged as the first selective functional antagonist of TRH’s prominent cholinergic actions, by which this endogenous peptide elicits a vast array of central effects.

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37

BRAUER, A., U. KRAUSE, M. NINK, I. HUBER, A. VELTEN, B. MANZ, H. LEHNERT, and J. BEYER. "Studies on the mechanism of the respiratory analeptic effect of hCRF: the role of serotonin." Acta Endocrinologica 120, no. 3_Suppl (June 1989): S226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.120s226.

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38

Ermolenko, Ekaterina V., Andrey B. Imbs, Tatyana A. Gloriozova, Vladimir V. Poroikov, Tatyana V. Sikorskaya, and Valery M. Dembitsky. "Chemical Diversity of Soft Coral Steroids and Their Pharmacological Activities." Marine Drugs 18, no. 12 (December 2, 2020): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18120613.

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The review is devoted to the chemical diversity of steroids produced by soft corals and their determined and potential activities. There are about 200 steroids that belong to different types of steroids such as secosteroids, spirosteroids, epoxy- and peroxy-steroids, steroid glycosides, halogenated steroids, polyoxygenated steroids and steroids containing sulfur or nitrogen heteroatoms. Of greatest interest is the pharmacological activity of these steroids. More than 40 steroids exhibit antitumor and related activity with a confidence level of over 90 percent. A group of 32 steroids shows anti-hypercholesterolemic activity with over 90 percent confidence. Ten steroids exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and 20 steroids can be classified as respiratory analeptic drugs. Several steroids exhibit rather rare and very specific activities. Steroids exhibit anti-osteoporotic properties and can be used to treat osteoporosis, as well as have strong anti-eczemic and anti-psoriatic properties and antispasmodic properties. Thus, this review is probably the first and exclusive to present the known as well as the potential pharmacological activities of 200 marine steroids.

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39

de Jong, Irene J. F. "Pluperfects and the Artist in Ekphrases." Mnemosyne 68, no. 6 (December 4, 2015): 889–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568525x-12341706.

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This study discusses the figure of the artist in classical ekphrases, in particular the pluperfects of verbs of making of the type ἐτέτυκτο, ἤσκητο, ἐκεκόσµητο, ἐτετείχιστο, caelaverat, fecerat, struxerat which evoke that artist. After setting up a framework of the various other ways in which the artist can be represented in ekphrases, I zoom in on the pluperfects and show how they are used differently in Greek and Latin ekphrases: in Greek the medio-passive pluperfect describes a finished object while at the same time acknowledging the act of making and hence the maker; in Latin the active pluperfect occurs in analepses which evoke the act of making by a maker as an event of the past. I end with the remarkable use of the pluperfect by Vergil in the shield of Aeneas in Aeneid 8. He uniquely combines the Greek epic tradition of the refrain of verbs of making with the Latin analeptic force of the tense, in order to keep reminding the narratees of the maker of the shield, Vulcan, and his prophetic powers and of the earlier, crucial scene of the divine smith forging the shield.

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40

Lazcano, Ivan, Rosa Maria Uribe, Erick Martínez-Chávez, Miguel Angel Vargas, Magdalini Matziari, Patricia Joseph-Bravo, and Jean-Louis Charli. "Pyroglutamyl Peptidase II Inhibition Enhances the Analeptic Effect of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone in the Rat Medial Septum." Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 342, no. 1 (April 24, 2012): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.112.192278.

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41

Takano, Kazuo, Fusao Kato, Yoko Tsukamoto, and Takehiko Hukuhara. "Increased correlation between bulbar inspiratory unit activity and phrenic high-frequency oscillation by fominoben, a respiratory analeptic." Neuroscience Research Supplements 16 (January 1991): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-8696(91)91065-z.

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42

Bohnhorst, Bettina, Cornelia Weidlich, Corinna Peter, Carolin Böhne, Evelyn Kattner, and Sabine Pirr. "Cardiorespiratory Events Following the Second Routine Immunization in Preterm Infants: Risk Assessment and Monitoring Recommendations." Vaccines 9, no. 8 (August 16, 2021): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9080909.

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Due to frequent cardiorespiratory events (CREs) in response to the first routine immunization (rIM), current guidelines recommend readmitting and monitoring extremely preterm infants after the second rIM, though evidence on CREs in response to the second rIM is weak. In a prospective observational study, preterm infants with an increase in CREs after the first rIM were monitored for CREs before and after the second rIM. Seventy-one infants with a median gestational age of 26.4 weeks and a median weight of 820 g at birth were investigated at a median postnatal age of 94 days. All but seven infants showed an increase in CREs after the second rIM. The frequency of hypoxemias (p < 0.0001), apneas (p = 0.0003) and cardiorespiratory events requiring tactile stimulation (CRE-ts) (p = 0.0034) increased significantly. The 25 infants (35%) presenting with CRE-ts were significantly more likely to have been continuously hospitalized since birth (p = 0.001) and to receive analeptic therapy at the first rIM (p = 0.002) or some kind of respiratory support at the first (p = 0.005) and second rIM (p < 0.0001). At a postmenstruational age of 43.5 weeks, CRE-ts ceased. Our data support the recommendation to monitor infants who fulfil the above-mentioned criteria during the second rIM up to a postmenstruational age of 44 weeks.

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Horita, A., and M. A. Carino. "D-1 Agonist, SKF 38393, but not a D-2 agonist, produces a cholinergically mediated analeptic effect in rabbits." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 39, no. 2 (June 1991): 449–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-3057(91)90206-h.

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Faden, Alan I., Susan M. Knoblach, Ibolja Cernak, Lei Fan, Robert Vink, Gian Luca Araldi, Stanley T. Fricke, Bryan L. Roth, and Alan P. Kozikowski. "Novel Diketopiperazine Enhances Motor and Cognitive Recovery after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats and Shows Neuroprotection In Vitro and In Vivo." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 23, no. 3 (March 2003): 342–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wcb.0000046143.31247.fd.

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The authors developed a novel diketopiperazine that shows neuroprotective activity in a variety of in vitro models, as well as in a clinically relevant experimental model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. Treatment with 1-ARA-35b (35b), a cyclized dipeptide derived from a modified thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analog, significantly reduced cell death associated with necrosis (maitotoxin), apoptosis (staurosporine), or mechanical injury in neuronal–glial cocultures. Rats subjected to lateral fluid percussion–induced TBI and then treated with 1 mg/kg intravenous 35b thirty minutes after trauma showed significantly improved motor recovery and spatial learning compared with vehicle-treated controls. Treatment also significantly reduced lesion volumes as shown by magnetic resonance imaging, and decreased the number of TUNEL-positive neurons observed in ipsilateral hippocampus. Unlike TRH or traditional TRH analogs, 35b treatment did not change mean arterial pressure, body temperature, or thyroid-stimulating hormone release, and did not have analeptic activity. Moreover, in contrast to TRH or typical TRH analogs, 35b administration after TBI did not alter free-magnesium concentration or cellular bioenergetic state. Receptor-binding studies showed that 35b did not act with high affinity at 50 classical receptors, channels, or transporters. Thus, 35b shows none of the typical physiologic actions associated with TRH, but possesses neuroprotective actions in vivo and in vitro, and appears to attenuate both necrotic and apoptotic cell death.

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Kabachna, I. V., S. M. Drogovoz, V. I. Kabachnyy, and Yu Yu Serdiukova. "The study of the analeptic activity of derivatives of sulfur- and nitrogen-containing heterocycles on the model of thiopental narcosis." Klìnìčna farmacìâ 22, no. 2 (June 5, 2018): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/cphj.18.1456.

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MUSHIROI, Takeshi, Rika SHIBAHARA, Yojiro UKAI, Yoshiaki YOSHIKUNI, and Kiyoshi KIMURA. "EEG studies on the analeptic effect of montirelin hydrate (NS-3), a TRH analog, in posterior hypothalamic area-lesioned rats." Folia Pharmacologica Japonica 108, no. 2 (1996): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/fpj.108.49.

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Von Colditz, J. H., R. L. Coon, P. S. Clifford, F. O. Igler, S. B. Litwin, and J. P. Kampine. "Effects of chronic right-to-left cardiac shunt on hypoxic sensitivity of mongrel dogs." Journal of Applied Physiology 58, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 1767–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1985.58.6.1767.

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Resting ventilation (VI), blood gases, hypoxic sensitivity, and the ventilatory responses to intravenous sodium cyanide (NaCN, 100 micrograms/kg), doxapram (DOX, 500 micrograms/kg), and dopamine (DOPA, 20 micrograms/kg) were analyzed in four normal mongrel dogs (group I-N) and seven mongrel dogs with chronic (5–11 yr) right-to-left cardiac shunt (group II). The group I-N animals were also studied during steady-state isocapnic hypoxia (group I-H). The shunt procedure used for these studies produced a model for ventilatory studies during chronic shunt hypoxemia. The increases in VI per percent decrease in O2 saturation, which occurred during a four-breath N2 test, were 30, 43, and 13 ml X kg-1 X min-1 in groups I-N, I-H, and II, respectively. The decrease in hypoxic sensitivity of the group II animals, compared with groups I-N and I-H, occurred in the presence of an increase in PaCO2 from 21.9 to 26.0 Torr during the four-breath N2 test. A decrease in PaCO2 from 34.7 to 30.0 and from 33.6 to 30.4 Torr was observed in groups I-N and I-H. The response to DOX, a general analeptic agent, was greatest in group II and least in group I-N. However, the ventilatory responses to NaCN and DOPA were not sufficiently different among the three groups to suggest a difference in carotid body function as assessed by these drugs.

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Oyedokun, A. V., and D. O. Adeniyi. "Microbial Diversity in the Gut of Cashew Stem Girdler, Analeptes trifasciata Fabricius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), in Ibadan, Nigeria." International Journal of Insect Science 8 (January 2016): IJIS.S31265. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/ijis.s31265.

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The cashew stem girdler, Analeptes trifasciata, is a major insect pest of cashew in Nigeria causing economic damage in cashew plantations even at low density. In this study, newly emerged adults of A. trifasciata reared from field-infested cashew stems were collected from the rearing cages, sexed, and dissected to reveal the internal structures of the insects. The gut was excised and separated into the foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The dissected gut compartments were blotted dry by sandwiching in sterile Whatman No. 1 (150 mm) filter paper for a minute. The inoculated gut parts showed the presence of eight fungi flora, namely, Aspergillus repens, Trichoderma spp., Fusarium verticillioides, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, yeast, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium spp., and Rhizopus stolonifer. The frequencies of occurrence of bacteria in the gut compartments of A. trifasciata were Enterobacter spp.: 83.33%; Escherichia coli and Streptococcus spp.: 55.56% each; Staphylococcus spp.: 44.44%; Klebsiella pneumonia: 50% and Salmonella shigella: 11.11%, while each of Serratia marceascea, Pseudomonas spp., and Micrococcus lutea had 5.56% occurrence. The occurrence of mycoflora and microbiota species varied in the gut compartments of A. trifasciata, indicating the role of these microorganisms in metabolic and other bioprocesses of A. trifasciata during digestion and synthesis of complex food substances from the cashew stem substrate. This study would provide basic information for enzymatic studies of A. trifasciata with a view to developing an integrated pest management (IPM) protocol for managing the pest in cashew plantations.

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MURAOKA, HARUO, TOSHIAKI SANEFUJI, RYUJI KEIDA, RIKO TSUJI, HIROHIKO ABE, YASUYO UCHIMURA, MICHIO SATA, et al. "A Patient with Chronic Hepatitis C and a History of Abuse of Analeptic Drugs, Who Showed Hallucination and Delusion with Interferon Administration." Kurume Medical Journal 43, no. 1 (1996): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2739/kurumemedj.43.73.

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Augoustakis, Antony. "Conivnx in Limine Primo: Regulus and Marcia in Punica 6." Ramus 35, no. 2 (2006): 144–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048671x00000850.

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The sixth book of Silius Italicus' Punica opens with the aftermath of the battle at lake Trasimene: the victory of the Carthaginians has been total. An analeptic narrative on the adventures of Regulus in Libya during the First Punic War occupies a large portion of this book (62-551). Regulus' son, Serranus, wounded after the battle at Trasimene, finds refuge at the house of his father's faithful companion, Marus. In a flash-back narrative, Marus relates the killing of a serpent at the river Bagrada (140-293), the capture of Regulus and his mission to Rome (299-402), Marcia's reaction to her husband's uncompromising attitude, Regulus' speech to the Senate (403-520), and his final return to Carthage, resulting in his death (521-51).The poet brings several innovations into his account in Book 6 in comparison to pre-Silian tradition. He introduces three persons around the figure of Regulus who are otherwise unknown or remain anonymous in other sources. The first is Serranus, Regulus' son. Although Regulus' son must have participated in the battle at Trasimene, this fabricated Serranus is called iuuenis (‘young man’, 101, 415) and flore nitens primo (‘in the flower of his youth’, 65), references which further complicate historical chronology. Another Silian innovation is Marus, Regulus' faithful companion during his tribulations in Africa. His presence fits into the scheme of Silius' portrayal of Serranus' ‘education’ by Marus, who will tell the story of Regulus' heroic adventures in Africa and Rome. Generational continuity would be guaranteed through the precepts of an older man. And finally, Silius gives Marcia herself a substantial role.

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