Relevant bibliographies by topics / Analgesia Acupuncture

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Analgesia Acupuncture'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Analgesia Acupuncture"

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Ko, Hsing Fang, Ching-Hsiu Chen, Kai-Ren Dong, and Hsien-Chang Wu. "Effects of Acupuncture on Postoperative Pain After Total Knee Replacement: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis." Pain Medicine 22, no. 9 (2021): 2117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnab201.

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Abstract Objective To identify the analgesic effectiveness of acupuncture after total knee replacement by systematic review. Methods A search of randomized controlled trials was conducted in five English medical electronic databases and five Chinese databases. Two reviewers independently searched in five English medical electronic databases and five Chinese databases. Two reviewers independently retrieved related studies, assessed the methodological quality, and extracted data with a standardized data form. Meta-analyses were performed with all-time-points meta-analysis. Results A total of seven studies with 891 participants were included. The meta-analysis results indicated that acupuncture had a statistically significant influence on pain relief (standardized mean difference = −0.705, 95% CI −1.027 to −0.382, P = 0.000). The subgroup analysis results showed that acupuncture’s effects on analgesia had a statistically significant influence (standardized mean difference= −0.567, 95% CI −0.865 to −0.269, P = 0.000). The main acupuncture points that produced an analgesic effect when they were used after total knee replacement included the Xuehai, Liangqiu, Dubi, Neixiyan, Yanglingquan, and Zusanli points. Electroacupuncture frequency ranged between 2 and 100 Hz. Conclusions As an adjunct modality, the use of acupuncture is associated with reduced pain and use of analgesic medications in postoperative patients. In particular, ear acupuncture 1 day before surgery could reduce analgesia .
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Lai, Hsiang-Chun, Yi-Wen Lin, and Ching-Liang Hsieh. "Acupuncture-Analgesia-Mediated Alleviation of Central Sensitization." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (March 7, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6173412.

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Pain can trigger central amplification called central sensitization, which ultimately results in hyperalgesia and/or allodynia. Many reports have showed acupuncture has an analgesic effect. We searched the related article on PubMed database and Cochrane database to discover central sensitization pathway in acupuncture analgesia. We summarized that acupuncture enhances the descending inhibitory effect and modulates the feeling of pain, thus modifying central sensitization. The possible mechanisms underlying the analgesic effects of acupuncture include segmental inhibition and the activation of the endogenous opioid, adrenergic, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/kainate pathways. Moreover, acupuncture can locally reduce the levels of inflammatory mediators. In clinical settings, acupuncture can be used to treat headache, neuropathic pain, low back pain, osteoarthritis, and irritable bowel syndrome. These mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia may be involved in the alleviation of central sensitization.
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Klide, Alan M. "Acupuncture Analgesia." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 22, no. 2 (1992): 374–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0195-5616(92)50641-6.

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Taguchi, Reina. "Acupuncture Anesthesia and Analgesia for Clinical Acute Pain in Japan." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 5, no. 2 (2008): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nem056.

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Acupuncture anesthesia has been practiced in China since about 1960. In Japan, Hyodo reported 30 cases of acupuncture anesthesia in 1972. However, from around 1980, the direction of acupuncture investigations turned from anesthesia to analgesia. Acupuncture analgesia is presently considered a way to activate the body's endogenous analgesic system. Recently, with the rise of acupuncture as one of the most well known CAM therapies, acupuncture or moxibustion treatment has been reported for both acute and chronic pain. Even so, few clinical reports and original articles have been reported in Japan. This review illustrates how acupuncture is being used in Japan for acute pain such as surgical operations, post- operative pain (POP), neuropathic pain, pain associated with teeth extractions and after the extraction of impacted wisdom teeth.
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Chen, Gongbai, Shangchang Li, and Chengchuan Jiang. "Clinical Studies on Neruophysiological and Biochemical Basis of Acupuncture Analgesia." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 14, no. 01n02 (1986): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x86000132.

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From November 1965 to December 1978, about 10,635 cranio-cerebral operations were performed under acupuncture anesthesia in 24 neurosurgical departments in China. The extensive clinical practices have proved that acupuncture surely has analgesic effect. So far most researches upon the mechanism for analgesia by acupuncture were based on animal experiments, but not confirmed or evidenced in human beings. For this reason, a series of clinical studies upon the neurophysiological and biochemical basis for acupuncture analgesia has been made utilizing the facilities of neurologic clinic provided that the patient's condition is not adversely affected and therapeutic efficiency is enhanced. The results are summarized as follows.
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Lyu, Zhongxi, Yongming Guo, Yinan Gong, et al. "The Role of Neuroglial Crosstalk and Synaptic Plasticity-Mediated Central Sensitization in Acupuncture Analgesia." Neural Plasticity 2021 (January 18, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8881557.

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Although pain is regarded as a global public health priority, analgesic therapy remains a significant challenge. Pain is a hypersensitivity state caused by peripheral and central sensitization, with the latter considered the culprit for chronic pain. This study summarizes the pathogenesis of central sensitization from the perspective of neuroglial crosstalk and synaptic plasticity and underlines the related analgesic mechanisms of acupuncture. Central sensitization is modulated by the neurotransmitters and neuropeptides involved in the ascending excitatory pathway and the descending pain modulatory system. Acupuncture analgesia is associated with downregulating glutamate in the ascending excitatory pathway and upregulating opioids, 𝛾-aminobutyric acid, norepinephrine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the descending pain modulatory system. Furthermore, it is increasingly appreciated that neurotransmitters, cytokines, and chemokines are implicated in neuroglial crosstalk and associated plasticity, thus contributing to central sensitization. Acupuncture produces its analgesic action by inhibiting cytokines, such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and upregulating interleukin-10, as well as modulating chemokines and their receptors such as CX3CL1/CX3CR1, CXCL12/CXCR4, CCL2/CCR2, and CXCL1/CXCR2. These factors are regulated by acupuncture through the activation of multiple signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling (e.g., the p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase pathways), which contribute to the activation of nociceptive neurons. However, the responses of chemokines to acupuncture vary among the types of pain models, acupuncture methods, and stimulation parameters. Thus, the exact mechanisms require future clarification. Taken together, inhibition of central sensitization modulated by neuroglial plasticity is central in acupuncture analgesia, providing a novel insight for the clinical application of acupuncture analgesia.
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Kong, Jiang-Ti, Rosa N. Schnyer, Kevin A. Johnson, and Sean Mackey. "Understanding Central Mechanisms of Acupuncture Analgesia Using Dynamic Quantitative Sensory Testing: A Review." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/187182.

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We discuss the emerging translational tools for the study of acupuncture analgesia with a focus on psychophysical methods. The gap between animal mechanistic studies and human clinical trials of acupuncture analgesia calls for effective translational tools that bridge neurophysiological data with meaningful clinical outcomes. Temporal summation (TS) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) are two promising tools yet to be widely utilized. These psychophysical measures capture the state of the ascending facilitation and the descending inhibition of nociceptive transmission, respectively. We review the basic concepts and current methodologies underlying these measures in clinical pain research, and illustrate their application to research on acupuncture analgesia. Finally, we highlight the strengths and limitations of these research methods and make recommendations on future directions. The appropriate addition of TS and CPM to our current research armamentarium will facilitate our efforts to elucidate the central analgesic mechanisms of acupuncture in clinical populations.
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Coghlan, Charles J. "D.I.Y. Acupuncture Analgesia." Acupuncture in Medicine 9, no. 1 (1991): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.9.1.40-b.

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Tang, Yong, Hai-Yan Yin, Patrizia Rubini, and Peter Illes. "Acupuncture-Induced Analgesia." Neuroscientist 22, no. 6 (2016): 563–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073858416654453.

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Chronic pain is a debilitating and rather common health problem. The present shortage in analgesic drugs with a favorable spectrum but without remarkable side effects furthered the search for alternative therapeutic manipulations. Increasing evidence from both basic and clinical research on acupuncture, a main alternative therapy of traditional Chinese medicine, suggests that chronic pain is sensitive to acupuncture procedures. Clarification of the underlying mechanisms is a challenge of great theoretical and practical significance. The seminal hypothesis of Geoffrey Burnstock and the astounding findings of Maiken Nedergaard on the involvement of purinergic signaling in the beneficial effects of acupuncture fertilized the field and led to an intensification of research on acupurines. In this review, we will summarize the state-of-the-art situation and try to forecast how the field is likely to develop in the future.
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Li, De-hui, Yi-fan Su, Huan-fang Fan, Na Guo, and Chun-xia Sun. "Acupuncture Combined with Three-Step Analgesic Drug Therapy for Treatment of Cancer Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Clinical Trials." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (July 26, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5558590.

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Objective. The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with the WHO three-step analgesic drug ladder for cancer pain. Methods. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and CNKI Database of Systematic Reviews were searched. Using the Cochrane Register for Randomized Controlled Trials, the quality of the included literature was evaluated, and the meta-analysis was carried out with RevMan 5.3 software. Results. Compared with three-step analgesia alone, acupuncture combined with three-step analgesia for cancer pain increased pain relief response rates (RR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.08∼1.17, P < 0.00001 ), reduced NRS score (SMD = −1.10, 95% CI: −1.86∼−0.35, P = 0.004 ), reduced the rate of side effects (RR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.38∼0.53, P < 0.00001 ), including nausea ( P < 0.00001 ), vomiting ( P = 0.008 ), constipation ( P < 0.00001 ), and dizziness ( P = 0.010 ), reduced the burst pain rate (SMD = −1.38; 95% CI: −2.44∼−0.32, P = 0.01 ), shortened analgesia effect onset time ( P = 0.004 ), and extended the duration of response ( P < 0.0001 ). Conclusion. For the treatment of cancer pain, acupuncture combined with three-step analgesic drugs is better than using only three-step analgesic drugs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Analgesia Acupuncture"

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Nunes, Alex Barbosa. "Estudo dos acupontos estômago 6 e estômago 7 no controle álgico da pulpite irreversível sintomática." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-19092014-161743/.

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O termo odontalgia engloba várias doenças dentárias capazes de causar dor, entre elas a pulpite irreversível sintomática (PIS), caracterizada por um pico inflamatório que afeta irreversivelmente as células da polpa dental, gerando uma dor excruciante. Os medicamentos são capazes de gerar analgesia parcial, porém com uma parcela de efeitos colaterais e contraindicações. O tratamento definitivo é realizado preferencialmente através da pulpectomia ou na impossibilidade, através da exodontia. A acupuntura apresenta poucas contraindicações, baixo risco e efetividade analgésica comprovada em diversas condições álgicas. De acordo com os livros texto, vários pontos de acupuntura apresentam efetividade analgésica nas odontalgias, entre elas a PIS. Entretanto, não foram encontrados estudos que suportassem essas conclusões. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo é verificar a existência de tendência de analgesia da acupuntura através de dois pontos de fácil acesso e aplicação: estomago 6 (ST6) e estômago 7 (ST7), em indivíduos portadores exclusivamente de PIS, em apenas um dente. O estudo foi realizado no Serviço de Urgências Odontológicas da FOUSP, seguindo delineamento cross-over em sessão única, randomizado e duplo-cego. Observa-se que os pontos ST6 e ST7 apresentam tendência a reduzir a dor da PIS independentemente de serem utilizados antes ou depois de seu respectivo placebo. Desponta-se assim a necessidade de mais estudos que confirmem essa eficácia, de forma a possibilitar a indicação precisa e o alento para os portadores de uma das odontalgias mais intensas que se tem conhecimento.
The term odontalgia emcompasses several diseases capable to cause pain, including symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP), characterized by an inflammatory peak which irreversibly affects the cells of the dental pulp, causing excruciating pain. The drugs are capable of generating partial analgesia, but with a quota of side effects and contraindications. The definitive treatment is preferably carried out by pulpectomy, or on the inability of it, through the exodonty. Acupuncture has few contraindications, low risk and proven analgesic efficacy in several algic conditions. According to the textbooks, many acupuncture points bring forward analgesic effectiveness in odontalgias, including the SIP. However, no studies that supported these conclusions were found. The aim of this study is to verify the existence of propensity of acupuncture analgesia through two points of easy access and application: stomach 6 (ST6) and stomach 7 (ST7), exclusively in individuals of SIP in just one tooth. The study was conducted in the Department of Emergency Dental FOUSP, following cross-over design in a single session, randomized, double-blind. It is observed that ST6 and ST7 points have a tendency to reduce the pain of SIP whether used before or after the respective placebo. Thus it suggests the need for further studies confirming its effectiveness, in order to enable the precise diagnostic and the breath for patients with one of the most intense odontalgias that are known.
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Grillo, Cássia Maria 1959. "Efeito da acupuntura no manejo da dor aguda de origem dental." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288045.

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Orientador: Maria da Luz Rosário de Sousa
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T10:54:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Grillo_CassiaMaria_M.pdf: 965410 bytes, checksum: 26b2664ba5089a60a57cc8a68d64bcf8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Introdução: A dor e seu alívio são antigas preocupações da humanidade. A dor aguda de origem dental é motivo de procura pela assistência à saúde, principalmente os plantões de urgências odontológicas. A procura pelo bem estar e pela saúde, faz com que as terapias alternativas tornem-se complementares aos tratamentos convencionais, como acupuntura e sangria, reconhecidas como um tratamento para dor. Objetivo: O primeiro objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da acupuntura na redução da intensidade da dor aguda de origem dental e o segundo foi avaliar o uso da terapia com sangria na redução da intensidade da dor aguda de origem dental comparando-a com a acupuntura. Material e Métodos: Este estudo clínico foi realizado no Plantão de Urgências Odontológicas da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba da Universidade de Campinas e no Serviço de Urgência Bucal, do Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas I, do município de Piracicaba (São Paulo), entre os meses de setembro de 2009 e julho de 2010. A intensidade da dor foi mensurada através da escala visual analógica (Visual Analogic Scale-VAS), variando de zero (nenhuma dor) a dez (máximo de dor), considerando VAS inicial, no momento do convite e VAS final, após o procedimento. Para o primeiro objetivo a amostra foi de 120 pacientes com dor aguda de origem dental, que foram tratados com uma sessão de acupuntura no pré-atendimento odontológico. Os pontos selecionados para a acupuntura foram IG4, E44 e HP8, utilizados isolados ou associados. Para o segundo objetivo a amostra foi de 20 pacientes que relataram estar com o máximo de intensidade de dor no pré-atendimento odontológico, divididos em 2 grupos: sangria (n=10) e acupuntura (n=10). Os pacientes do grupo sangria foram tratados com uma sangria em um único ponto (IG1 ou Ex-CP6), e os do grupo acupuntura foram tratados com uma sessão de acupuntura, utilizando-se os pontos: IG4, E44 e HP8, isolados. Resultados: Dos 120 pacientes do primeiro objetivo, apenas 2,5% (n=3), não apresentaram redução na intensidade de dor (VAS). A aplicação de acupuntura reduziu a intensidade de dor (VAS=0), em 72,50% dos pacientes. Ao considerar-se os pontos utilizados, com apenas 1 ponto, a VAS foi igual a zero, em 24,17% dos pacientes (n=29), com a associação de um 2º. ponto em 35,83% (n=43), com associação de 3 pontos em 12,50% (n=15), sendo que os demais ainda mantiveram a VAS acima de zero. Os pontos quando utilizados isolados apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0,001). No segundo objetivo os resultados demonstraram não haver diferença estatística significante entre as terapias (p=0,1215). Apresentaram redução da intensidade de dor 90% dos pacientes do grupo sangria e de 80% o grupo acupuntura. Conclusão: A terapia com acupuntura e sangria no pré-atendimento de pacientes com dor aguda de origem dental apresentaram redução na intensidade da dor. Os resultados foram semelhantes quando as técnicas foram comparadas, porém mais estudos devem continuar sendo realizados para divulgação destas terapias no manejo da dor aguda de origem dental, que podem beneficiar o paciente durante o tratamento convencional
Abstract: Introduction: Pain and its relief are old concerns of humanity. Acute pain is a cause of dental demand for health care, especially dental emergency shifts. The demand for welfare and health, makes alternative therapies become complementary to conventional treatments such as acupuncture and bloodletting, recognized as a treatment for pain. Objective: The first objective was to evaluate the effect of acupuncture in reducing the intensity of acute pain of dental origin and the second was to evaluate the use of bloodletting therapy in reducing the intensity of acute pain of dental origin by comparing it with acupuncture. Methods: This clinical study was conducted in After-Hours Emergency Dental of Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas and at the Emergency Center Dental Specialties I from Piracicaba (São Paulo), among the months of September 2009 and July 2010. Pain intensity was measured using a Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), ranging from zero (no pain) to ten (maximum pain), considering initial VAS at the time of the call and end VAS after the procedure. For the first objective was a sample of 120 patients with acute pain of dental origin, were treated with an acupuncture session in the pre-dental care. The acupuncture points were selected for IG4, E44 and HP8, used individually or combined. For the second objective was a sample of 20 patients who reported being with maximum pain before dental treatment, divided into two groups: bloodletting (n=10) and acupuncture (n=10). Patients in group bloodletting one were treated with bloodletting at a single point (Ex-CP6 or IG1), and the acupuncture group were treated with an acupuncture session, using the points: IG4, E44 and HP8 isolated. Results: Of 120 patients in the first objective, only 2.5% (n=3) showed no reduction in pain intensity (VAS). The application of acupuncture reduced pain intensity (VAS=0), 72.50% of patients. In considering the points used, with only one point, the VAS was zero in 24.17% of patients (n=29), with the combination of a 2. points at 35.83% (n = 43), in association with three points from 12.50% (n=15), and the others still held the upper airway above zero. The points when used alone showed statistically significant (p<0.001). The second objective results showed no statistically significant difference between therapies (p = 0.1215). Had a reduction in pain intensity 90% of patients in group bloodletting and acupuncture group 80%. Conclusion: Treatment with acupuncture and bloodletting in the pre-treatment of patients with acute dental pain showed a reduction in pain intensity. The results were similar when the techniques were compared, but more studies should be carried out to dissemination of these therapies in the management of acute pain of dental origin, which may benefit patients during conventional treatment
Mestrado
Saude Coletiva
Mestre em Odontologia
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Kerr, Daniel Paul. "The use of acupuncture in physiotherapy practice and its efficacy in the management of low back pain." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342533.

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Frazer, Carol-Anne. "An investigation of the pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of postoperative nausea and vomiting induced by patient controlled analgesia." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314034.

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Feng, Jian Qiang /. Sam, and S3069785@student rmit edu au. "The Effect of Acupuncture on Temporal Summation of Pain: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Study." RMIT University. Health Sciences, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080723.115945.

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There was few human study evaluated the analgesic effect of acupuncture on central nervous system (CNS). The electrical temporal summation (TS) pain model has been validated and provides the opportunity to study the central inhibition effect of acupuncture in healthy humans. The present study aimed to: 1. systematically review available randomised, controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture on experimentally induced pain in healthy humans; 2. conduct a RCT to assess the effect of manual acupuncture (MA) and electro-acupuncture (EA) on TS of pain and the spatial (i.e. the local and remote sites to acupuncture stimulation) and the temporal (i.e. immediately after and 24-hours after the intervention) characteristics of this effect. The systematic review was carried out in accordance with the requirements of a Cochrane Systematic Review. The methodological quality and credibility of the acupuncture intervention of the included RCTs were assessed. The Review Management software (RevMan version 4.2, The Cochrane Library) was used for data extraction and data analysis. 605 papers were identified from four databases (Pubmed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and EMBASE). Only nine papers met the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality and credibility of the acupuncture invention were satisfactory. The pain models and interventions applied varied substantially from study to study. Consequently, meta-analyses were not conducted. Comparing acupuncture with non-invasive control, significant acupuncture analgesia was reported. These studies also demonstrated that invasive controls produced analgesia. For the RCT of acupuncture on TS, 27 healthy volunteers were recruited and randomly assigned to either EA, MA or sham-acupuncture (SA) group, with nine volunteers in each group. To test pain thresholds, transcutaneous electrical stimulation was delivered to two sites on the anterior aspects of both legs and one site on the dorsum of the non-dominant forearm. Pain thresholds to single electrical stimulation (SPT) and to TS stimulation (TST) were assessed before, 30-minutes after and 24-hours after the intervention. Acupuncture was given to Zusanli (ST36) and Fenglong (ST 40) on the dominant leg. The level of anxiety was assessed before and after acupuncture with Spielberg State and Anxiety Inventory. The three groups were comparable at baseline. The level of anxiety did not change significantly after acupuncture. EA significantly increased SPT and TST on the treatment leg 24-hour after the treatment when compared with SA (p less than 0.05), but did not increase those measured on the non-treatment leg or the forearm. The fact that such an effect increased within 24 hours after acupuncture might indicate the potential role of neurohumoral mechanisms in acupuncture analgesia. The analgesia effect of EA on TS tended to be localised at the needling site. This observation is different from the understanding of the wide-spread effect of acupuncture. The discrepancy could be due to the small sample size of the current study. In conclusion, this is the first study that demonstrates EA elicits a strong inhibition on the CNS in health humans. Such a central effect lasts more than 24 hours, and limits to the site where acupuncture is applied. These findings need to be confirmed in other TS models.
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Widerström-Noga, Eva. "Analgesic effects of somatic afferent stimulation a psychobiological perspective /." Göteborg : Dept. of Physiology, University of Göteborg, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/30761064.html.

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Wang, Zuhao, and 汪祖昊. "Mechanistic study of circadian rhythms of tryptophan hydroxylase and serotonin receptors involved in acupuncture-induced analgesia." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46937031.

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Eriksson, Sofia, and Ylva-Li Gunnerholm. "Patienters upplevelser och erfarenheter av akupunktur som behandling av fysisk smärta : en litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-3580.

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Bakgrund Smärta är en subjektiv upplevelse och innebär lidande i flera dimensioner för personen som är drabbad. Att lindra lidande ingår i sjuksköterskans huvuduppgifter. Smärta kan både uppstå och hämmas genom flera olika mekanismer i kroppen. Akupunktur är en icke farmakologisk behandlingsmetod som sjuksköterskan kan använda sig av för att lindra smärta hos patienten. Teoretisk anknytning i detta arbete är Katie Erikssons omvårdnadsteori som behandlar tre olika typer av lidande: sjukdomslidande, vårdlidande och livslidande. Syfte Syftet var att beskriva patienters upplevelser och erfarenheter av akupunktur som behandling av fysisk smärta. Metod En litteraturöversikt med 15 inkluderade studier, publicerade mellan år 2009 och 2019. Använda databaser är PubMed och CINAHL Complete. Insamlad data har bearbetats med integrerad analysmetod. Resultat Fem kategorier utmynnade: smärtlindring, psykisk hälsa, negativa erfarenheter, förtroende för vårdpersonalen samt autonomi. I flera studier framkom att patienter upplevde fysisk smärtlindring och eller ett ökat välbefinnande som resultat av akupunkturbehandlingen. Smärtlindring visade sig på patienters egna skattningar, minskad användning av analgetika samt på fysiska tecken. Förbättrad psykisk hälsa observerades genom minskad grad av depression och ångest samt ökad känsla av avslappning hos patienterna. De negativa erfarenheterna handlade om smärta vid instickande av nålar eller utebliven effekt. Det ökade förtroendet för vårdpersonal grundade sig i ett personcentrerat bemötande samt tillfredsställelse med behandlingen. Förbättrad autonomi sågs genom ökad tilltro till egen förmåga, ökad känsla av kontroll samt ökad fysisk aktivitet. Slutsats Akupunkturbehandling som smärtlindring kan minska patientens lidande på flera olika sätt. Flera patienter, dock inte alla, har upplevt och erfarit att behandlingen lindrar fysisk smärta. Oavsett smärtlindrande effekt eller inte, så upplevde de flesta att behandlingen ledde till ett ökat välbefinnande, vilket kan minska lidande.
Background Pain is a subjective experience that implies suffering in several dimensions for people who are affected. Relieving suffering is a part of the nurses' main tasks. Pain can both arise and be inhibited by several different mechanisms in the body. Acupuncture is a non-pharmacological treatment that the nurse can use to relieve that patients’ pain. The theoretical connection in this work is Katie Eriksson's nursing theory that explains three different types of suffering: suffering related to illness, suffering related to care and suffering related to life. Purpose The aim of this study was to describe patients' experiences of acupuncture as a treatment for physical pain. Method A literature review was conducted with 15 research articles, published between 2009 and 2019. The databases used are PubMed and CINAHL Complete. The collected data has been processed using an integrated analysis method. Results Five categories were identified: pain relief, psychological health, negative experiences, trust in healthcare personnel and autonomy. In several studies, it was found that patients experienced physical pain relief or increased well-being as a result of acupuncture treatment. Pain relief was shown on patients' own estimates, reduction in the use of analgesics and on physical signs. Improved mental health was shown on reduced levels of depression and anxiety as well as an increased sense of relaxation in patients. The negative experiences were caused by pain when inserting needles or absence of effect. The increased confidence in healthcare personnel was based on a person-centered way of treating the patient and satisfaction with the treatment. Improved autonomy was seen through increased confidence, increased sense of control and increased physical activity. Conclusion Acupuncture treatment as pain relief can reduce the patient's suffering in several ways. Several patients, though not all, have experienced that the treatment relieved physical pain. Regardless of the pain-relieving effect or not, most experienced that treatment led to increased well-being, which can reduce suffering.
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Hemmingsson, Josefin, and Vendela Knuutinen. "Effekten av akupunktur som omvårdnadsmetod vid långvarig smärta med inriktning på patienters erfarenheter : en litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-3972.

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Bakgrund Att leva med smärta leder till onödigt lidande och en av sjuksköterskans huvuduppgifter är att lindra detta lidande. Ofta är smärttillstånd komplexa och kan bero på flera orsaker. För att kunna uppnå god smärtlindring krävs det ibland därför olika typer och kombinationer av smärtlindring för att lindra smärta. Akupunktur är en omvårdnadsmetod som sjuksköterskan kan använda för att minska patientens smärta. Den teoretiska anknytningen till denna litteraturöversikt är Katie Erikssons omvårdnadsteori som beskriver tre typer av lidande: vårdlidande, sjukdomslidande och livslidande. Syfte Syftet var att belysa effekten av akupunktur som omvårdnadsmetod vid långvarig smärta med inriktning på patienters erfarenheter. Metod En litteraturöversikt med 16 inkluderade studier, publicerade mellan år 2010 och 2020. De använda databaserna är PubMed och CINAHL Complete. Insamlade data har bearbetats med integrerad analysmetod. Resultat Fyra områden framkom: smärtlindring, välbefinnande, patienters negativa erfarenheter och patienters förväntningar av akupunktur. I flera av artiklarna framkom det att akupunktur hade en smärtlindrande effekt. Den smärtlindrande effekten visades genom patienters smärtskattningar, fysiska tecken samt en minskad användning av analgetika. Patienterna upplevde även ett ökat välbefinnande genom en ökad känsla av autonomi, ökad livskvalitet och förbättrad psykisk hälsa. Patienternas upplevda negativa erfarenheter grundade sig i smärta eller rädsla vid nålinstick eller en utebliven effekt av behandlingen. Slutsats Akupunkturbehandling har en smärtlindrande effekt och kan minska patientens lidande på flera sätt. Majoriteten av deltagarna i de valda studierna upplevde att akupunkturbehandlingarna lindrade deras långvariga smärta. Oavsett smärtlindrande effekt så upplevde flera deltagare att akupunktur hade lett till ett ökat välbefinnande, vilket i sin tur kan minska lidande.
Background Living with pain leads to unnecessary suffering and one of the nurse's main tasks is to alleviate this suffering. Pain conditions are often complex and can be due to several causes. In order to achieve good pain relief, therefore, different types and combinations of pain relief are sometimes required to relieve pain. Acupuncture is a nursing method that the nurse can use to relieve the patient’s pain. The theoretical connection to this literature review is Katie Eriksson's nursing theory which describes three types of suffering: suffering related to care, suffering related to illness and suffering related to life. Aim The aim of this study was to describe the effect of acupuncture as a nursing method on chronic pain with focus on the patients' experiences. Method A literature review was conducted with 16 research articles, published between 2010 and 2020. The databases used were PubMed and CINAHL Complete. The collected data has been processed using an integrated analysis method. Results Four areas were found: pain relief, well-being, patients' negative experiences and patients' expectations of acupuncture. In several of the articles, it was found that acupuncture had a pain-relieving effect. The pain-relieving effect was shown through patients' pain measurement instruments, physical signs and a reduced use of analgesics. Patients also experienced increased well-being in the form of increased autonomy, increased quality of life and improved mental health. The patients' negative experiences were based on pain or fear of needle insertion or a lack of effect of the treatment. Conclusions Acupuncture treatment has a pain-relieving effect and can reduce patients suffering in several ways. The majority of the participants in the selected studies experienced that the acupuncture treatments relieved their long-term pain. Regardless of the pain-relieving effect several participants felt that acupuncture had led to increased well-being.
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Moro, Marlene Zuccolotto. "Eficácia das técnicas de eletroestimulação intramuscular no tratamento da dor miofascial." Botucatu, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192401.

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Orientador: Guilherme Antonio Moreira de Barros
Resumo: A Síndrome Dolorosa Miofascial (SDM) é considerada um importante problema de saúde pública, podendo, muitas vezes, ser incapacitante e de difícil tratamento. Considerando que, atualmente, o tratamento da SDM é pouco eficaz para o controle da dor, verificamos a necessidade do estudo de novas técnicas e da comparação com as técnicas já existentes. O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar técnicas de eletroestimulação intramuscular com a técnica de agulhamento seco para o tratamento dessa enfermidade musculoesquelética. Foram estudados 90 pacientes divididos em três grupos. O primeiro grupo foi tratado com agulhamento seco em pontos de gatilhos (PGs), o segundo grupo com eletroestimulação intramuscular de PGs e o terceiro grupo foi tratado com eletroestimulação de pontos motores (PMs) pertencentes ao músculo acometido e/ou o nervo responsável pela inervação desse músculo. O músculo utilizado foi a porção superior do trapézio que é inervado pelo nervo acessório espinal. Foram realizadas sete sessões de tratamento em cada grupo e todos foram avaliados antes e após o término do mesmo. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa nos escores de dor da Escala Verbal Numérica (EVN) entre os grupos estudados, apesar de todas as intervenções terem se mostrado eficazes para o tratamento da dor miofascial do músculo trapézio.
Abstract: Myofascial Pain Syndrome (SDM) is considered an important public health problem and can often be disabling and difficult to treat. Considering that, currently, the treatment of SDM is not very effective for pain control, we verified the need to study new techniques and to compare them with existing techniques. The present study aimed to compare intramuscular electrostimulation techniques with the dry needling technique for the treatment of this musculoskeletal disease. Ninety patients were studied, divided into three groups. The first group was treated with dry needles at trigger points (PGs), the second group with intramuscular electrostimulation of PGs and the third group was treated with electrostimulation of motor points (PMs) belonging to the affected muscle and / or the nerve responsible for innervation of that muscle. The muscle used was the upper portion of the trapezius, which is innervated by the spinal accessory nerve. Seven treatment sessions were carried out in each group and all were evaluated before and after the end of the same. There was no statistically significant difference in pain scores on the Numerical Verbal Scale (EVN) between the groups studied, although all interventions have been shown to be effective for the treatment of trapezius muscle myofascial pain.
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Books on the topic "Analgesia Acupuncture"

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Thu, Nguyẽ̂n Tài. Semiology therapy and analgesia in acupuncture. Thé̂ Giới Publishers, 1998.

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WFAS Seminar on Acupuncture Anesthesia and Analgesic Mechanism of Acupuncture (1988). Chinese medicine and acupuncture: Proceedings of the WFAS Seminar on Acupuncture Anesthesia and Analgesic Mechanism of Acupuncture, and the Second International Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture Academic Convention of Canada, 1988. Third Eye Publications, 1989.

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S, Han J., ed. The Neurochemical basis of pain relief by acupuncture / edited by J.S. Han. Hubei Science and Technology Press, 1998.

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M, Schoen Allen, ed. Veterinary acupuncture: Ancient art to modern medicine. American Veterinary Publications, 1994.

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Dashfield, Adrian. Acute pain. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198719410.003.0040.

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This chapter discusses the management of acute pain. It begins with an introduction which describes the benefits of acute pain management and the measurement of pain. Analgesic drugs are then described, including paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids (including their comparative efficacy). Patient-controlled analgesia, epidural analgesia, and continuous peripheral nerve blockade are described. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and acupuncture are discussed. The management of the patient with a substance misuse disorder is discussed. The chapter concludes with a discussion of non-opioid adjuvant analgesics.
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Dashfield, Adrian. Acute pain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198719410.003.0040_update_001.

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This chapter discusses the management of acute pain. It begins with an introduction which describes the benefits of acute pain management and the measurement of pain. Analgesic drugs are then described, including paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids (including their comparative efficacy). Patient-controlled analgesia, epidural analgesia, and continuous peripheral nerve blockade are described. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and acupuncture are discussed. The management of the patient with a substance misuse disorder is discussed. The chapter concludes with a discussion of non-opioid adjuvant analgesics.
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Buckenmaier, Chester, Michael Kent, Jason Brookman, Patrick Tighe, Edward Mariano, and David Edwards, eds. Military Advanced Regional Anesthesia and Analgesia Handbook. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197521403.001.0001.

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A longtime standard for military healthcare personnel, the second edition of Military Advanced Regional Anesthesia and Analgesia Handbook (MARAA) has been thoroughly revised and updated. Although the MARAA handbook initially gained its reputation as a useful resource for managing pain associated with battlefield trauma, its beautifully illustrated step-by-step guidance provides pertinent and practical guidance for managing vital acute pain services in all civilian and military clinical settings. Opening chapters review equipment, local anesthesia and additives, and physics of ultrasound and nerve stimulation. Much of the book is devoted to step-by-step guidance on performing various regional anesthesia nerve blocks organized by pertinent neuroanatomy, use of nerve stimulation, and use of ultrasound. The concluding group of chapters discusses organization of the acute pain service and staff, a review of multidisciplinary care, basics of pediatric regional anesthesia, first-aid acupuncture, and more.
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Diaz, Christina D., and Steven J. Weisman. Multimodal Approach to Acute Pain Management after Nuss Bar Placement and Other Pain Scenarios. Edited by Kirk Lalwani, Ira Todd Cohen, Ellen Y. Choi, and Vidya T. Raman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190685157.003.0053.

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Acute pain management can involve regional blocks with local anesthetics, neuraxial blocks such as caudal blocks and epidurals, oral and intravenous opioids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Other pain management modalities include neuropathic pain medications, muscle relaxants, antidepressants, acupuncture, techniques for stress relief, and behavioral modification therapy. While there are many options for treating a patient’s pain, the best approach is to understand the symptoms, attempt to determine the cause of the pain, and understand the patient’s goals with regard to treatment. This chapter discusses the multimodal acute pain management for a case of Nuss bar placement, utilizing an epidural, patient-controlled analgesia, and oral pain medication. The chapter has an additional scenario discussing neuraxial analgesia and nerve blocks for a hypospadias repair in an infant. Finally, the third case-based discussion focuses on the treatment of common types of headaches.
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Deng, Gary, and Barrie R. Cassileth. Complementary therapies in pain management. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656097.003.0912.

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Complementary therapies are modalities that are not traditionally part of Western medical care. Some of these therapies have demonstrated a favourable benefit:risk ratio in recent research and many can be incorporated into a multimodality pain management plan. In general, complementary therapies reduce pain by interfering with the processing of pain signals or lessen the impact of pain on the patient’s emotional state. Mind-body therapies, such as hypnosis, meditation, yoga/qigong, and music therapy, can reduce anxiety, depression, and stress-all common in patients experiencing pain. Acupuncture appears to have direct analgesic effects and reduce nausea and vomiting, which are potential side effects from opioid therapy. Massage therapy may reduce anxiety, and to a lesser degree, depression and pain. Complementary therapies are generally safe when provided by trained practitioners, although certain safety precautions still need to be exercised. The origin of pain, the factors complicating it, burdens and risks to patient, and each patient’s belief system and cultural background should all be considered when selecting from among the complementary modalities for pain.
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Casey, Kenneth L. Chasing Pain. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190880231.001.0001.

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By several measures, no human experience is more important than pain. Chasing Pain discusses the evolution of scientific and clinical evidence that supports contemporary concepts of how pain is created by the nervous system. These concepts influence medical practice, neuroscientific research, and philosophical ideas about pain and other neurological functions. Historically, pain has been conceived as emerging either from an undefined pattern of neural activity or from anatomically localized and physiologically unique structures in the nervous system. Research during the early and middle 20th century showed that pain normally requires both sensory detectors of noxious events (nociceptors) and brain mechanisms that generate emotional experience. Realistic models of pain neurobiology must also consider that the normally tight link between pain and tissue damage is strongly affected by several neurological diseases, emotionally compelling circumstances, complex cognitive processes, and pain itself. As one example of physiological pain modulation, readers may access the author’s videos of surgery performed with acupuncture as the sole analgesic method. Chasing Pain reviews the neuroscientific research and clinical experience that has, over time, greatly enriched our understanding of pain neurobiology, guided medical practice, and influenced contemporary concepts of neurological functions. The limitations of our current conceptual models of pain are exemplified by considering several common, clinically challenging conditions that remain very poorly understood.
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Book chapters on the topic "Analgesia Acupuncture"

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Fan, Shao-Guang. "Acupuncture Analgesia." In Pain. Springer Vienna, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6975-9_13.

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Pomeranz, B. "Acupuncture Analgesia — Basic Research." In Clinical Acupuncture. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56732-2_1.

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Lee, Annie D., and Eric Shen-Zen Hsu. "Mechanisms of Acupuncture Analgesia." In Acupuncture for Pain Management. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5275-1_4.

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Cantwell, Shauna. "Mechanisms of Acupuncture Analgesia." In Pain Management in Veterinary Practice. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118999196.ch16.

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Lin, Yi-Wen, and Jaung-Geng Lin. "Acupuncture Analgesia for Animals." In Experimental Acupuncturology. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0971-7_2.

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Cheng, Richard S. S. "Neurophysiology of Electroacupuncture Analgesia." In Scientific Bases of Acupuncture. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73757-2_7.

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Han, Jisheng. "Central Neurotransmitters and Acupuncture Analgesia." In Scientific Bases of Acupuncture. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73757-2_2.

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Maoying, Qiliang, and Wenli Mi. "Acupuncture Analgesia in Clinical Practice." In Acupuncture Therapy for Neurological Diseases. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10857-0_7.

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Han, Ji-Sheng. "Acupuncture and Stimulation Produced Analgesia." In Opioids II. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77540-6_5.

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Cao, Hong, Zhi-Qi Zhao, Gen-Cheng Wu, and Yu-Qiu Zhang. "Glial–Neuronal Interactions in Electroacupuncture Analgesia." In Current Research in Acupuncture. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3357-6_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Analgesia Acupuncture"

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XU, Qiu-ling, and Tao LIU. "The Neural Mechanism of Acupuncture Analgesia." In 2nd International Conference on Biomedical and Biological Engineering 2017 (BBE 2017). Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/bbe-17.2017.7.

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Tong, Jij, Yaming Wang, Yingying Lv, and Huade Chen. "Electroencephalograph Bicoherence for Assessing the Analgesia of Acupuncture." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5516448.

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Hao, Wangshen, Jie Han, Xunsheng Zhu, and Xiangrui Wang. "Study on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model for Electro-Acupuncture Analgesia." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5163472.

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Hao, Wangshen, Jie Han, Xinming Dong, Xunsheng Zhu, and Xiangrui Wang. "Applying Fuzzy AHP to Evaluate Therapeutic Action for Electro-acupuncture Analgesia Treatment." In 2009 Sixth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fskd.2009.675.

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Whittaker, Peter. "Laser acupuncture and analgesia: preliminary evidence for a transient and opioid-mediated effect." In Biomedical Optics 2006, edited by Michael R. Hamblin, Ronald W. Waynant, and Juanita Anders. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.648518.

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Teng, Jian, Danielle Vaniioenacker, and Andre Vander Vorst. "Analgesic Effects by Microwave Acupuncture Stimulation in Rabbits." In 20th European Microwave Conference, 1990. IEEE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/euma.1990.336191.

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Reports on the topic "Analgesia Acupuncture"

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Zhang, Lulu, Buhuai Dong, Yanan Wei, Peng Liu, Yun Liang, and Shanshan Zhang. Acupoint acupuncture for postoperative analgesia after general anesthesia: a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.4.0075.

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Kuang, Renqing, Guojiang Xiong, Wei Lv, Yun Zhao, Min Yu, and Jiawang Jiang. Efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with analgesics on lung cancer pain: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.5.0051.

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Liu, Ruofei, Ping Fan, Qinan Zhan, Qi Zhang, Siqi Chen, and Renqing Kuang. Efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with analgesics on pain in Parkinson's patients: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.7.0100.

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Chou, Roger, Jesse Wagner, Azrah Y. Ahmed, et al. Treatments for Acute Pain: A Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer240.

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Objectives. To evaluate the effectiveness and comparative effectiveness of opioid, nonopioid pharmacologic, and nonpharmacologic therapy in patients with specific types of acute pain, including effects on pain, function, quality of life, adverse events, and long-term use of opioids. Data sources. Electronic databases (Ovid® MEDLINE®, PsycINFO®, Embase®, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) to August 2020, reference lists, and a Federal Register notice. Review methods. Using predefined criteria and dual review, we selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of outpatient therapies for eight acute pain conditions: low back pain, neck pain, other musculoskeletal pain, neuropathic pain, postoperative pain following discharge, dental pain (surgical or nonsurgical), pain due to kidney stones, and pain due to sickle cell disease. Meta-analyses were conducted on pharmacologic therapy for dental pain and kidney stone pain, and likelihood of repeat or rescue medication use and adverse events. The magnitude of effects was classified as small, moderate, or large using previously defined criteria, and strength of evidence was assessed. Results. One hundred eighty-three RCTs on the comparative effectiveness of therapies for acute pain were included. Opioid therapy was probably less effective than nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for surgical dental pain and kidney stones, and might be similarly effective as NSAIDs for low back pain. Opioids and NSAIDs were more effective than acetaminophen for surgical dental pain, but opioids were less effective than acetaminophen for kidney stone pain. For postoperative pain, opioids were associated with increased likelihood of repeat or rescue analgesic use, but effects on pain intensity were inconsistent. Being prescribed an opioid for acute low back pain or postoperative pain was associated with increased likelihood of use of opioids at long-term followup versus not being prescribed, based on observational studies. Heat therapy was probably effective for acute low back pain, spinal manipulation might be effective for acute back pain with radiculopathy, acupressure might be effective for acute musculoskeletal pain, an opioid might be effective for acute neuropathic pain, massage might be effective for some types of postoperative pain, and a cervical collar or exercise might be effective for acute neck pain with radiculopathy. Most studies had methodological limitations. Effect sizes were primarily small to moderate for pain, the most commonly evaluated outcome. Opioids were associated with increased risk of short-term adverse events versus NSAIDs or acetaminophen, including any adverse event, nausea, dizziness, and somnolence. Serious adverse events were uncommon for all interventions, but studies were not designed to assess risk of overdose, opioid use disorder, or long-term harms. Evidence on how benefits or harms varied in subgroups was lacking. Conclusions. Opioid therapy was associated with decreased or similar effectiveness as an NSAID for some acute pain conditions, but with increased risk of short-term adverse events. Evidence on nonpharmacological therapies was limited, but heat therapy, spinal manipulation, massage, acupuncture, acupressure, a cervical collar, and exercise were effective for specific acute pain conditions. Research is needed to determine the comparative effectiveness of therapies for sickle cell pain, acute neuropathic pain, neck pain, and management of postoperative pain following discharge; effects of therapies for acute pain on non-pain outcomes; effects of therapies on long-term outcomes, including long-term opioid use; and how benefits and harms of therapies vary in subgroups.
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