Relevant bibliographies by topics / Analisi economica alternativa

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Academic literature on the topic 'Analisi economica alternativa'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Analisi economica alternativa"

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Pennisi, Giuseppe. "Cost-Benefit Analysis: Credibility and Feasibility - A Comment." Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice 6, no. 2 (October 1, 1988): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/251569298x15760639917586.

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Abstract L’Organizzazione Economica per la Cooperazione e lo Sviluppo Economico (OCSE) ha pubblicato nel 1968 un manuale per l’analisi dei progetti industriali nei paesi in via di sviluppo. Dopo il processo di analisi e verifiche che ha avuto luogo nell’ultimo ventennio, l’OCSE ha preso l’iniziativa di rivedere questa metodologia e le sue procedure applicative.L’articolo di Boeri s’inserisce in questo processo di revisione e suggerisce modifiche che, per quanto utili, rimangono legate agli schemi tradizionali. É questa la principale debolezza del suo lavoro, che trascura la principale alternativa agli schemi basati sulla funzione del benessere sociale: il neo-contrattualismo.
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Alessandrini, M., A. Micarelli, A. Viziano, I. Pavone, G. Costantini, D. Casali, F. Paolizzo, and G. Saggio. "Body-worn triaxial accelerometer coherence and reliability related to static posturography in unilateral vestibular failure." Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica 37, no. 3 (June 2017): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14639/0392-100x-1334.

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Poichè le alterazioni della funzione vestibolare possono essere causa di disequilibrio, i principali reperti sviluppati ad oggi per misurare il controllo posturale e l’integrazione sensoriale nel danno vestibolare sono stati ottenuti grazie alla posturografia. Tuttavia, al fine di superare i problemi legati a tale genere di tecnologia, sono stati proposti gli accelerometri indossabili (ACC) come un’alternativa portatile e a basso costo per la misurazione dell’oscillazione corporea in ambienti confortevoli. D’altro canto, nessuno studio ad oggi ha dimostrato la validità sperimentale delle misurazioni ottenute con ACC - rispetto a quelle derivanti dalla posturografia - in soggetti affetti da deficit vestibolare. Pertanto, l’obiettivo del presente lavoro è stato quello di i) sviluppare e validare una strumentazione pratica che potesse consentire la misurazione dei disordini dell’oscillazione corporea nell’ambito della valutazione otoneurologica attraverso gli ACC e ii) fornire un’analisi delle oscillazioni affidabile ed automatica, che potesse implementare in modo sensibile ed accurato la possibile discriminazione di pazienti affetti da deficit vestibolare unilaterale (UVF). A tale scopo, un gruppo di 13 pazienti (sette femmine, 6 maschi; età media 48.6 ± 6.4 anni) affetti da UVF da almeno 6 mesi e un altro omogeneo di 13 soggetti sani sono stati invitati a mantenere la posizione eretta durante l’esecuzione della posturografia statica (FBP) mentre indossavano a livello lombare - vicino al centro di massa - un sensore Movit® (by Captiks) costituito da accelerometri 3-D. La correlazione ‘product-moment’ secondo Pearson ha dimostrato un elevato livello di corrispondenza di quattro misure, estratte da ACC e da FBP, nel dominio del tempo e di tre in quello della frequenza. Inoltre il t-test ha evidenziato che due parametri nel dominio del tempo e due in quello della frequenza si sono dimostrati affidabili nel discriminare i soggetti affetti da UVF. Tali aspetti, nel loro complesso, dovrebbero focalizzare l’attenzione in ambito clinico e di ricerca su tale tecnica di registrazione, considerato l’arricchimento quantitativo e qualitativo di informazioni utili nella discriminazione, diagnosi e trattamento di pazienti affetti da UVF. In conclusione, noi riteniamo che la misurazione basata su ACC offra un’alternativa confortevole, affidabile, economica ed efficiente utile, assieme ai test clinici di equilibrio e mobilità, in molteplici circostanze così come negli studi implicati nella diagnosi, controllo e riabilitazione di pazienti affetti da UVF.
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Pomaskow, Joanna. "Economic analysis of law – alternative for the mainstream economics." Współczesne Problemy Ekonomiczne 11 (2015): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/wpe.2015.11-19.

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TOTH, Jozsef, and Bertold BEKESI. "THE IMPORTANCE OF LIFE-CYCLE ANALYSIS IN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF ALTERNATIVE AIRCRAFT FUEL." SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN THE AIR FORCE 21, no. 1 (October 8, 2019): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.19062/2247-3173.2019.21.26.

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Syaichoni, Ahmad. "Al-Ijarah Al-Maushufah fi Al-Dzimmah in the Study of Islamic Financial Economics." Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 309–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/economica.2020.11.2.6834.

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Abstract: In the modern era like today, business transactions have developed along with technological developments. One form of development of business transactions is the modification of classic-contemporary contracts. One form of modification of the contract is the al-Ijarah al-Maushufah fi al-Dzimmah contract. This contract is developed for financing activities of Islamic financial institutions, especially the banking sector, and as an alternative to the financing scheme for infrastructure projects. This research aims to study the issue of al-Ijarah al-Maushufah fi al-Dzimmah in Islamic financial economics. This research is library research with a normative approach. The data analysis used is content analysis and critic analysis. According to the findings of this study, al-Ijarah al-Maushufah fi al-Dzimmah is a contract development employed to suit the community's demands. The monotheism framework underpins the creation of al-Ijarah al-Maushufah fi al-Dzimmah in the study of Islamic financial economics. Tauhid is founded on evolutionary equilibrium and consciousness as a manifestation of monotheism in developing this product. The evolution and consciousness of Islamic banking products into new scientific jewels inside the treasures of Islamic financial economics is the theoretical implication of this research. Compared to previous research, the originality of this study is that the al-Ijarah al-Maushufah fi al-Dzimmah contract is reviewed in terms of Islamic financial economics with a tauhid framework.Abstrak: Era modern seperti saat ini, transaksi bisnis mengalami pengembangan seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi. Salah satu bentuk pengembangan transaksi bisnis adalah modifikasi akad klasik-kontemporer. Salah satu modifikasi akad tersebut adalah akad al-Ijarah al-Maushufah fi al-Dzimmah. Akad ini merupakan akad yang dikembangkan dalam kegiatan pembiayaan pada lembaga keuangan syariah, khususnya pada bidang perbankan dan merupakan produk alternatif skema pembiayaan yang digunakan untuk pembangunan proyek infrastruktur. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis konsep al-Ijarah al-Maushufah fi al-Dzimmah dalam kajian ekonomi keuangan Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan library research dengan pendekatan normatif. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis isi dan analisis kritis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa al-Ijarah al-Maushufah fi al-Dzimmah merupakan pengembangan akad yang digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Pengembangan al-Ijarah al-Maushufah fi al-Dzimmah dalam kajian ekonomi keuangan Islam berdasarkan kerangka tauhid. Konsep tauhid dalam pengembangn produk ini didasarkan pada ekuilibrium evolusioner dan kesadaran sebagai manifestasi tauhid. Implikasi penelitian ini dari segi teoretis adalah pengembangan dan inovasi produk perbankan syariah menjadi khazanah keilmuan baru dengan dalam khazanah ekonomi keuangan Islam. Orisinalitas penelitian ini dibandingkan dengan penelitian sebelumnya adalah akad al-Ijarah al-Maushufah fi al-Dzimmah ditinjau dalam pandangan ekonomi keuangan Islam dengan kerangka tauhid.
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Irawan, Hendri, Febriyanda Febriyanda, Asneli Asneli, Maya Desfita Sari, Wilda Khaira, Wira Mofa, and Widya Yustiana. "Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Pembukaan Cabang Baru Pada “UD.Harian” Ditinjau dari Aspek Keuangan." JUSIE (Jurnal Sosial dan Ilmu Ekonomi) 5, no. 01 (June 15, 2020): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36665/jusie.v5i01.304.

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Economics condition in Indonesia that more uncertain in business competition are more strict, it made people think to reach profit. The less of job vacancy and the strict in economic, was made many people think to still reach enough income, and also to fulfill their live. One of alternative to solve economic condition that more worst, well by do anymore effort. By made a little venture, middle and big. By still use economic principle that sure can profitable for investor who try to invest their asset in any kind job that their do. UD HARIAN is one of a venture that have activity is locate near Terminal Lama Solok and the owner is Mr. H. Herman who have venture that begin in year 2000. Based on research calculation above can obtain value of NPV is Rp. 115.458.205, PI is 1,7, IRR is 47,1% and Payback Period (PP) during 7 month 1,5 days. Based on the result above can conclude that the plan opened new branch “UD HARIAN” are proper to do. Because time to get back investation during 7 month 1,5 days are more fast than plan to get back investation, and the time is 18 month.
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Akbari, Tauny, and Leni Sumarni. "ANALISIS PENERAPAN PRODUKSI BERSIH PADA INDUSTRI TEMPE." AGROINTEK 15, no. 2 (June 3, 2021): 624–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/agrointek.v15i2.9314.

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Tempe is one of Indonesia's special foods made from soybeans. This study aims to identify and analyze application of cleaner production to the tempe industry. Analysis of the application of cleaner production is done by the quick scanning method at each stage of the production process and then tested for its technical and economic feasibility (PBP). The analysis results of the application of cleaner production in the tempe industry are tool modification, fuel substitution, use of personal protective equipment, reuse, recycle and reduce. Based on the results of technical and economic feasibility tests, the alternative application of cleaner production in the form of solid waste utilization of soybean husks as animal feed is the first priority scale to be applied to the tempe industry
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Purwanto, Purwanto, and Anaconda Bangkara. "Analisis Strategi Bersaing Pasar Kaget untuk Memenangkan Persaingan." Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis Indonesia 4, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 16–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31843/jmbi.v4i1.100.

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The problem companies are becoming increasingly complex and competitive business be increased very sharply, as a result of changes in the business environment in the era of globalization. Companies must be able to adapt to the environment in order to survive in the midst of these conditions. For that management is required to manage the organization in a better and more professional in controlling the activities of the company. Business "shock market" Cikarang, Jababeka, Bekasi as a collection of merchants who sell various products to lower middle class should immediately anticipate and prepare for making new business strategies to survive and thrive in the future. The study has the purpose of analyzing the external and internal business environment, identifying, evaluating business strategies and finding alternative strategies for the future that can be implemented " shock market.” External business environment will be analyzed with descriptive qualitative method involving shared business environment (economic, political, ecological and technological), Porter's competitive forces, the forces of the trigger and the key success factors.The results showed that the manager should earnestly follow external analysis results such as politics, economics and ecology as well as industrial environments (competition among members of the industry, the threat of new entrants, threat of substitute products, buyer powerful and strong supplier) Keywords : market shock, the external business environment , the strength of competition Porter
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Damásio, Maria Valesca, Dimitri Leonardo S. de Oliveira, Franklin Carlos Cruz da Silva, and Marcelo Santana Silva. "O IMPÉRIO PERSISTE? ECONOMIA DE MERCADO E ABORDAGENS ALTERNATIVAS, UMA BREVE ANÁLISE TEÓRICA INTERPARADIGMÁTICA." RDE - Revista de Desenvolvimento Econômico 1, no. 39 (April 2015): 915. http://dx.doi.org/10.21452/rde.v17i32.4046.

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O presente artigo tem o objetivo de trazer para o primeiro plano a discussão sobre o ambiente da coexistência inter-paradigmática na modernidade avançada entre modelos de organização econômica da sociedade, fazendo um paralelo entre a economia de mercado
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Prihatiningsih, Tri, and Haryono Haryono. "Analisis Kelayakan Pengoperasian Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) CV Proma Tun Probolinggo." Jurnal Intake : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Teknik dan Terapan 10, no. 1 (April 22, 2019): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32492/jintake.v10i1.792.

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Tofu is a traditional Indonesian food that is very popular with the community. The tofu production process produces solid and liquid waste. The liquid waste contains very high BOD, COD, and TSS which has the potential to pollute the environment, therefore it is necessary to have a Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP). This study aims to determine the economic feasibility study of the operation of the WWTP. The research was conducted at CV. Proma Tun Saroyyan Probolinggo. To find out the economic feasibility of the operation of WWTPs using the parameters of the Net Present Value (NPV), Payback Period (PP) and Benefit Cost Ratio (B / C R). The results showed that the WWTP used was the Anaerob-Biogas system, the anaerobic system is wastewater treatment by utilizing microorganisms that work without oxygen-free, with three stages, namely: Hydrolysis, Acidification, and Methane Formation Stage. The resulting methane gas (biogas) is a mixture of various types of gases, including CH4 (54% -70%), CO2 (27% -45%), O2 (1% -4%), N2 (0.5% -3%), CO (1%), and H2 which are stored in the gas holder and distributed to the community as an alternative fuel to replace LPG gas. For an analysis of economic feasibility with NPV criteria shows that the biogas WWTP is profitable because the NPV value is positive at Rp. 58,249,000. Based on the criteria of PP, which is 5 years 10 months 20 days, which means that the time is quite short and does not exceed the age of the economical gas holder. And the value of B / C Ratio is 1.4109 which means that the WWTP biogas in the CV. Proma Tun Saroyyan Probolinggo deserves to be developed because of the value of B / C R> 1.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Analisi economica alternativa"

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Gargiani, Andrea. "Analisi tecnico - economica della gestione dei rifiuti: il caso L-3 Calzoni." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.

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Questo progetto di tesi è stato realizzato in collaborazione con la Calzoni S.r.l. di Calderara di Reno. L’azienda da qualche anno sta implementando nuove pratiche volte al rispetto dell’ambiente, le quali sono direttamente collegate all’analisi ambientale, strumento previsto dalla norma UNI EN ISO 14001. Il lavoro di tesi si colloca proprio all’interno di questa tematica risultando essere di particolare interesse e di importanza strategica. Gli obiettivi sono stati di vario genere ma con un unico filo conduttore, ovvero la gestione dei rifiuti. La prima fase prevede un’analisi completa dell’attuale gestione dei rifiuti, mentre il passo successivo è stato quello di cercare di migliorare il processo attuale andando a valutare possibili scenari alternativi. La corretta gestione dei rifiuti deve essere uno dei punti di forza di un’azienda che vuole impegnarsi nei confronti della protezione dell’ambiente e della prevenzione dell’inquinamento.
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Aprigliano, Gian Maria. "Analisi di scenari di riduzione delle plastiche monouso in Italia." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19772/.

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La Commissione europea ha approvato una nuova direttiva 940/2019/UE, che implementerà le restrizioni sull’uso di plastiche monouso (SUP). Tale analisi comprende una mappatura redatta da Legambiente (“Beach litter – indagine sui rifiuti nelle spiagge italiane 2019 – 2018 - 2017”), sui rifiuti monitorati sul litorale italiano. Partendo da tale analisi, sono state considerate solamente le plastiche messe al bando dalla direttiva europea, inoltre per stimare il quantitativo di plastica monouso, ove non erano presenti dati specifici in letteratura, sono state applicate le seguenti ipotesi: utilizzo di almeno un prodotto in plastica monouso per 365 giorni l’anno per ogni abitante, il numero di abitanti è approssimato in Italia a 60 milioni. Questo studio prendendo come modello quello sviluppato dall’ Agenzia Norvegese (The Norwegian Environment Agency, “Reduced Littering of Single–Use Plastics / Mapping and analysis of Potential Measures to Reduce the Littering of Certain Single-Use Plastic Products”), comprende una mappatura di 11 plastiche monouso, e sviluppa un’analisi per valutare se una transizione a materiali alternativi e multiuso alla plastica monouso, può contribuire alla riduzione dei rifiuti marini e alla riduzione dell’impatto ambientale. L’analisi si basa sul consumo di oggi di plastica monouso, e alla quantità di rifiuti prodotti in relazione ai due scenari si seguito descritti: 1) Una transizione completa per prodotti monouso non plastici (SUNP) 2) Una transizione completa agli elementi multiuso (MU). Questo approccio stabilisce gli impatti ambientali, economici e sociali di misure che possono essere utilizzate per favorire il passaggio a prodotti in materiali alternativi alla plastica monouso, e affrontare in tal modo il problema ambientale legato al quantitativo di materiale plastico monouso presente nel nostro territorio e nei mari.
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Almeida, Iana Ferrão de. "Composicao da divida publica brasileira e a crise de 2002: uma analise contrafactual de estrategias alternativas." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/1613.

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Made available in DSpace on 2008-05-15T19:03:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 043202024_Dissertacao_Iana_Ferrao.pdf: 447204 bytes, checksum: 7dfaebc90837a7258b698ee77ca9b478 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
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O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma decomposição da dinâmica da dívida e verificar quais foram os fatores que mais contribuíram para o crescimento da relação da Dívida/PIB no início dessa década. Primeiramente foi feita uma decomposição básica da dívida de onde se verificou que o pagamento de juros reais sobre a dívida interna foi o grande responsável pela elevação da razão Dívida/PIB. Posteriormente, foi feita uma decomposição mais detalhada da dinâmica da dívida, desagregando a dívida interna por indexador. Observou-se que o pagamento de juros reais sobre a dívida cambial foi o grande responsável pela trajetória crescente da dívida nesse período, principalmente em 2002 quando houve acentuada depreciação do câmbio. A seguir, foram feitos alguns exercícios contrafactuais para analisar qual teria sido a dinâmica da dívida em diferentes cenários.
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Nepomuceno, Rafael Carlos. "InclusÃo da quirera de arroz em raÃÃes de suÃnos na fase de creche." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2010. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5907.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
Foram utilizados 30 leitÃes fÃmeas e machos castrados, de linhagem comercial, desmamados com mÃdia de 21 dias de idade e com mÃdia de 6,65 kg de peso vivo, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes nÃveis inclusÃo de quirera de arroz sobre o desempenho zootÃcnico, freqÃÃncia de diarrÃia, bem como a viabilidade econÃmica, em leitÃes na fase de creche I (21 a 42 dias de idade), fase de creche II (43 a 63 dias de idade) e no perÃodo total (21 a 63 dias de idade). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (nÃveis de inclusÃo de quirera de arroz: 0,0; 14,0; 28,0; 42,0 e 56,0%), e 6 repetiÃÃes por tratamento, sendo a unidade experimental constituÃda por um animal. O critÃrio usado para formaÃÃo dos blocos foi o peso inicial dos animais. De acordo com a anÃlise de regressÃo, nÃo foram observados efeitos significativos entre os nÃveis de inclusÃo da quirera de arroz nas raÃÃes em nenhuma das variÃveis de desempenho zootÃcnico, assim como, nÃo houve diferenÃa significativa entre o tratamento controle e os tratamentos que receberam a inclusÃo da quirera de arroz quando comparados pelo teste de Dunnett (5%). Os resultados das observaÃÃes da frequÃncia de diarrÃia indicaram que a inclusÃo da quirera de arroz nÃo proporcionou alteraÃÃes na incidÃncia de diarrÃia nos animais. Segundo o estudo econÃmico realizado a inclusÃo da quirera de arroz mostrou-se viÃvel atà o nÃvel de 56,0%. Portanto, pode se concluir que a utilizaÃÃo da quirera de arroz em raÃÃes de suÃnos na fase de creche foi tecnicamente e economicamente viÃvel atà o nÃvel de 56,0% de inclusÃo.
It was used 30 piglets, castrated male and female, of commercial lineage, weaned at 21 days of age and with average live weight of 6.65 kg, with the objective to evaluating the effect of the inclusion of different levels of broken rice on the frequency of diarrhea, productive performance, how so the economic viability of piglets in the nursery phase I (21 to 42 days of age), nursery phase II (43 to 63 days of age), and total period (21 to 63 days of age), how so the economic viability. The experimental design used was a randomized blocks randomized, with 5 treatments (inclusion levels of broken rice: 0,0; 14,0; 28,0; 42,0 and 56,0%) and 6 replicates per treatment, being the experimental unit (part) consists of an animal. The criterion used for block formation was the initial weight of piglets. According to regression analysis, were not observed significant effects between the levels of inclusion of broken rice in diets in any of the variables of zootechnical performance, as well as, there were not significant difference between control treatment and treatments with the inclusion levels of broken rice when compared by Dunnett test (5%). The results of observations of the frequency of diarrhea indicated that the inclusion of broken rice provided no changes in the incidence of diarrhea in animals. According to the economic study the inclusion of broken rice proved viable until the level of 56.0%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of broken rice in diets of pigs in the nursery phase was technically and economically viable until the level of 56,0% for inclusion
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Gomes, Thalles Ribeiro. "InclusÃo de farelo de arroz integral em raÃÃes para leitÃes na fase inicial." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2010. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5941.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da inclusÃo do farelo de arroz integral (FAI) em raÃÃes para leitÃes na fase inicial. No experimento I foram avaliados o desempenho zootÃcnico, a ocorrÃncia de diarrÃia, bem como a viabilidade econÃmica. Utilizou-se 60 leitÃes fÃmeas e machos castrados, dos 21 aos 42 dias de idade, com peso inicial mÃdio de 5,4  1,44 kg. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com cinco nÃveis de inclusÃo de FAI (0,0; 5,0; 10,0; 15,0 e 20,0%) e com seis repetiÃÃes por tratamento, sendo que a unidade experimental (parcela) foi constituÃda por 2 animais. Os resultados mostraram que o consumo de raÃÃo mÃdio diÃrio (CRMD), ganho de peso mÃdio diÃrio (GPMD), conversÃo alimentar (CA) e a ocorrÃncia de diarrÃia, nÃo diferiram significativamente (P>0,05) para os diferentes nÃveis de inclusÃo de FAI. A anÃlise econÃmica mostrou a viabilidade da inclusÃo de FAI atà o nÃvel de 20,0%. No experimento II foram avaliados o desempenho zootÃcnico, formas de arraÃoamento, bem como a viabilidade econÃmica. Foram utilizados 64 leitÃes fÃmeas e machos castrados, dos 43 aos 67 dias de idade, com peso inicial mÃdio de 10,73  1,85 kg. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 4 x 2, quatro nÃveis de inclusÃo de farelo de arroz integral (0,0; 10,0; 20,0 e 30,0%) e duas formas de arraÃoamento (raÃÃo seca e raÃÃo Ãmida), com quatro repetiÃÃes por tratamento, sendo a unidade experimental constituÃda por 2 animais (parcela). Os resultados mostraram que o consumo de raÃÃo mÃdio diÃrio (CRMD), ganho de peso mÃdio diÃrio (GPMD) e conversÃo alimentar (CA) nÃo diferiram significativamente (P>0,05) para os diferentes nÃveis de inclusÃo de FAI. A anÃlise econÃmica mostrou que a inclusÃo de 30,0% de FAI apresentou a melhor resposta econÃmica. Concluiu-se que o fornecimento de farelo de arroz integral à viÃvel atà o nÃvel de 20,0% nas raÃÃes de leitÃes no perÃodo de 21 a 42 dias e atà o nÃvel de 30,0% no perÃodo de 43 a 67 dias da fase inicial, independente da forma de arraÃoamento.
Two experiments were led, with the objective of evaluating the effects of the inclusion of whole rice meal (WRM) in rations for piglets in the day care phase. In the 1st experiment, they were appraised the performance, the diarrhea incidence, as well as the economical viability. Were used 60 piglets, female and male castrated, of the 21 to the 42 days of age, with initial weight of 5.4 Â 1.44 kg. The experimental design was completely randomized design with five levels of inclusion of WRM (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0%) and six replicates per treatment, and the experimental unit (parcel) it was incorporated by two animals. The results showed that the daily mean feed intake (DMFI), daily mean weight gain (DMWG), the feed conversion (FC) and diarrhea incidence did not differ significantly (P> 0.05) for the different levels of inclusion of WRM. The economic analysis shows the viability the inclusion of until 20.0% of WRM. In the 2nd experiment they were appraised the feeding forms on the performance, as well as the economical viability. Were used 64 piglets, female and male castrated, of the 43 to the 67 days of age, with initial weight of 10.73 Â 1.85 kg. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 4 x 2, four levels of inclusion of WRM (0.0, 10.0, 20.0 and 30.0%) and two feeding forms (ration dry and wet ration), with four replicates per treatment, the experimental unit consisted of two animals (parcel). The results showed that the daily mean feed intake (DMFI), daily mean weight gain (DMWG) and the feed conversion (FC) did not differ significantly (P> 0.05) for the different levels of inclusion of WRM. The economic analysis showed that the inclusion of 30.0% of WRM showed the best economic answer. It was ended that the supply of whole rice meal is viable until the level of 20.0% in the diets of pigs in the period initial I and until the level of 30.0% in the initial period II of the day care phase, independent in the feeding forms.
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Ribeiro, Juliana Constantino. "UtilizaÃÃo do farelo de coco em dietas para leitÃes na creche." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4410.

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FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do CearÃ
Utilizou-se 32 leitÃes machos castrados e fÃmeas, de linhagem comercial, desmamados aos 21 dias de idade e com mÃdia de peso vivo de 6,2 kg, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes nÃveis (0,0; 7,0; 14,0; 21,0%) de inclusÃo de farelo de coco (FC) e formas de arraÃoamento sobre o desempenho zootÃcnico de leitÃes na fase inicial I (21 aos 42 dias de idade) e fase inicial II (43 aos 63 dias de idade) e o perÃodo total (21 aos 63 dias de idade), bem como sua viabilidade econÃmica. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos ao acaso com esquema fatorial 4x2 (quatro nÃveis de inclusÃo de FC e duas formas de arraÃoamento - dietas secas e Ãmidas) com quatro repetiÃÃes por tratamento e um animal por parcela. O critÃrio para formaÃÃo dos blocos foi o peso inicial dos leitÃes. Os resultados mostraram que para a fase inicial I e perÃodo total, o ganho de peso mÃdio diÃrio (GPMD), consumo de raÃÃo mÃdio diÃrio (CRMD) e conversÃo alimentar (CA) nÃo diferiram significativamente (P>0,05) para os diferentes nÃveis de inclusÃo de FC e formas de arraÃoamento. Para a fase inicial II, o GPMD e CRMD nÃo diferiram significativamente (P>0,05), porÃm a CA foi significativa (P<0,05). Concluiu-se que o fornecimento de farelo de coco à tecnicamente viÃvel atà o nÃvel de 21,0% nas dietas de leitÃes no perÃodo de creche, independente da forma de arraÃoamento, e que a melhor resposta econÃmica foi com o nÃvel de 21,0% de FC
It was used 32 piglets, castrated male and female, of commercial lineage, weaned at 21 days of age and with average live weight of 6.2 kg, with the objective to evaluating the effect of the inclusion of different levels (0,0; 7,0; 14,0 ; 21,0%) of coconut meal (CM) and feeding forms on the performance of piglets in the initial phase I (21 to 42 days of age), initial phase II (43 to 63 days of age), and total period (21 to 63 days of age), how so your economic viability. The experimental design used was a randomized blocks with scheme factorial 4x2 (four levels of inclusion of CM and two feed forms - dry and wet diets) with four replicates by treatment and one animal for part. The criterion used for block formation was the initial weight of piglets. The results showed that for the initial phase I and total period, the daily mean weight gain (DMWG), daily mean feed intake (DMFI) and the feed conversion (FC) did not differ significantly (P> 0.05) by inclusion of different levels of CM and feeding forms. For the initial phase II, the DNWG and DMFI did not differ significantly (P>0,05), but the CA was significant (P<0,05). It was concluded that the supply of coconut meal is viable technically up to 21,0% in the diets of piglets in the period nursery, independent of the feeding forms, and that the best economic response was obtained with the level of inclusion of 21,0% of CM
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Ribeiro, Juliana Constantino. "Utilização do farelo de coco em dietas para leitões na creche." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2009. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/18780.

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RIBEIRO, Juliana Constantino. Utilização do farelo de coco em dietas para leitões na creche. 2009. 84 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Zootecnia, Fortaleza-CE, 2009
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It was used 32 piglets, castrated male and female, of commercial lineage, weaned at 21 days of age and with average live weight of 6.2 kg, with the objective to evaluating the effect of the inclusion of different levels (0,0; 7,0; 14,0 ; 21,0%) of coconut meal (CM) and feeding forms on the performance of piglets in the initial phase I (21 to 42 days of age), initial phase II (43 to 63 days of age), and total period (21 to 63 days of age), how so your economic viability. The experimental design used was a randomized blocks with scheme factorial 4x2 (four levels of inclusion of CM and two feed forms - dry and wet diets) with four replicates by treatment and one animal for part. The criterion used for block formation was the initial weight of piglets. The results showed that for the initial phase I and total period, the daily mean weight gain (DMWG), daily mean feed intake (DMFI) and the feed conversion (FC) did not differ significantly (P> 0.05) by inclusion of different levels of CM and feeding forms. For the initial phase II, the DNWG and DMFI did not differ significantly (P>0,05), but the CA was significant (P<0,05). It was concluded that the supply of coconut meal is viable technically up to 21,0% in the diets of piglets in the period nursery, independent of the feeding forms, and that the best economic response was obtained with the level of inclusion of 21,0% of CM
Utilizou-se 32 leitões machos castrados e fêmeas, de linhagem comercial, desmamados aos 21 dias de idade e com média de peso vivo de 6,2 kg, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis (0,0; 7,0; 14,0; 21,0%) de inclusão de farelo de coco (FC) e formas de arraçoamento sobre o desempenho zootécnico de leitões na fase inicial I (21 aos 42 dias de idade) e fase inicial II (43 aos 63 dias de idade) e o período total (21 aos 63 dias de idade), bem como sua viabilidade econômica. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos ao acaso com esquema fatorial 4x2 (quatro níveis de inclusão de FC e duas formas de arraçoamento - dietas secas e úmidas) com quatro repetições por tratamento e um animal por parcela. O critério para formação dos blocos foi o peso inicial dos leitões. Os resultados mostraram que para a fase inicial I e período total, o ganho de peso médio diário (GPMD), consumo de ração médio diário (CRMD) e conversão alimentar (CA) não diferiram significativamente (P>0,05) para os diferentes níveis de inclusão de FC e formas de arraçoamento. Para a fase inicial II, o GPMD e CRMD não diferiram significativamente (P>0,05), porém a CA foi significativa (P<0,05). Concluiu-se que o fornecimento de farelo de coco é tecnicamente viável até o nível de 21,0% nas dietas de leitões no período de creche, independente da forma de arraçoamento, e que a melhor resposta econômica foi com o nível de 21,0% de FC
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Kaul, Sapna. "Exploring Alternative Methodologies for Robust Inferences: Applications in Environmental and Health Economics." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23925.

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Researchers often invoke strong assumptions in empirical analyses to identify significant statistical outcomes. Invoking assumptions that do not sufficiently reflect the occurrence of true phenomenon reduces the credibility of inferences. Literature suggests that the potential effects of assumptions on credibility of inferences can be mitigated by comparing and combining insights from alternative econometric models. I use this recommendation to conduct robustness checks of commonly used methods in environmental and health economics. The first chapter proposes a novel nonparametric regression model to draw credible insights from meta-analyses. Existing literature on benefit-transfer validity is examined as an application. Nonparametric regression is found to be a viable approach for drawing robust policy insights. The second chapter proposes an alternative structural and simulations based framework to understand elicitation effects in survey response data. This analysis explains the structural mechanisms in which response anomalies occur and is important for building credible insights from survey data. The last chapter uses methods in program evaluation to investigate the impacts of institutional child deliveries on long-term maternal health in the context of developing countries. The outcomes of this analysis indicate that institutional deliveries positively affect maternal health in lower socio-economic states. Based on the findings of my three chapters, I recommend that researchers should combine insights from alternative models to mitigate the scope of specification bias in empirical outcomes and inform policy about the potential uncertainty that arises in uncovering the truth using statistical methods.
Ph. D.
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Taskiran, Inanc. "An Economical Analysis Of Alternative Eastern Black Sea Coastal Highway Defense Structures." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/4/1120500/index.pdf.

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In order to analyze the stability of Eastern Black Sea Coastal Highway defense structures constructed with natural stone armor layers, hydraulic model tests were performed under both breaking and non-breaking waves. Eight different alternative cross-sections of the defense structures were constructed in the wave flume in Coastal and Harbor Engineering Laboratory, Civil Engineering Department, METU. Water depth was kept constant at a depth of 7.5 m in front of the structures. Model scale, &
#955
L, was calculated as 1:31.08 using Froude Law. Experiments were carried out for wave heights, H, ranging between 3 &ndash
7 m. with a wave period ranging between 6 &ndash
11 sec in prototype. A comparative economical analysis of the alternative cross-sections of the defense structures has proven that cost (per meter) differs almost 50% between the alternative cross-sections.
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Quandahl, Kendal. "Economic feasibility of alternative crops in Northeast Iowa to sustain family incomes." Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35318.

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Master of Agribusiness
Department of Agricultural Economics
Vincent R. Amanor-Boadu
The purpose of this thesis is to identify which alternative crops could be enhance the income of Quandahl Farms the most by moving the smallest acreage from the farm’s traditional corn and soybean enterprises into its production. The considered crops are grapes, raspberries, and black currants. The objectives of this study included assessing the technical feasibility of producing the selected crops in Northeast Iowa given the agronomic conditions in the region and the agronomic requirements of the crops. The other was the assessment of the economic feasibility of the selected crops and determining the minimum acres required for each to enhance the farm’s financial situation and still allow for corn and soybeans to be the main crops. The analyses were conducted using secondary data on the selected crops from published budgets and government and extension reports as well as the historical financials of Quandahl Farms. The analyses were conducted over a 10-year horizon to ensure a significant duration of cash flow and allow the establishment of the alternative crops. In that 10-year period, the net present value of Quandahl Farms income is $214 per acre per year. Additionally, the analyses were evaluated under four alternative scenarios of prices and yield for each of the crops in addition to the base scenario. The results shows that grapes and black currants were not economically feasible in Northeast Iowa even though they were agronomically feasible. On the contrary, raspberries were found to be both technically and economically feasible in Northeast Iowa. The net present value under that base scenario for raspberries was $23,267 at a discount rate of 4.5%. Based on the net present value of corn and soybean revenue of the same period, it is estimated that taking 22 acres from the current production and putting it into raspberries would increase average farm income by $60,000. The study shows there is an opportunity to allocate a relatively small proportion of current corn and soybean acreage to raspberries to significantly increase farm incomes. As a result, it is recommended to the principals of Quandahl Farms to consider making this small investment in raspberries to protect the farm from the frequent vicissitudes of farm incomes. The next step after their agreement is to develop the business plan to implement such an investment.
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Books on the topic "Analisi economica alternativa"

1

R, René Benalcázar. alternativas de producción Analisis del desarrollo economico del Ecuador. Quito, Ecuador: Ediciones Banco Central del Ecuador, 1989.

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Moses, O. Douglas. Analysts earnings forecasts: An alternative data source for failure prediction. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 1986.

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Alternative assets: Investments for a post-crisis world. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2010.

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Cost-effective alternatives in alcoholism treatment. Springfield, Ill., U.S.A: Thomas, 1988.

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Depois de FHC: Personagens do cenário político analisam o governo Fernando Henrique Cardoso e apontam alternativas para o Brasil. São Paulo: Geraç̃ao, 2002.

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Walker, Stephen. Understanding alternative investments: Creating diversified portfolios that ride the wave of investment success. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.

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1950-, DeMuth Phil, ed. The little book of alternative investments: Reaping rewards by daring to be different. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2011.

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Ermilova, Mariya, Elena Altuhova, Natal'ya Gryzunova, Ol'ga Zhdanova, Yuliya Cerceil, and Sergey Laptev. Investment. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1079032.

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The textbook includes theoretical material on the basics of investment activity, including the concept and essence of investments and their management, the subjects, objects, sources of financing and risks of investment activity are presented. The methodology for ensuring investment activity in real assets and the implementation of investments in financial assets, as well as the economic analysis of investment alternatives, is disclosed. Questions for self-control and situational tasks that complete each chapter will allow you to master the presented material as effectively as possible. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For full-time, part-time and part-time students in the areas of training 38.03.01 "Economics", 38.03.02" Management", 38.03.04"State and municipal management".
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Office computer systems for health professionals: A cost-benefit approach to assessing alternative technologies. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., Health Professions Division, 1990.

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Morozko, Natalya, and Valyentina Didyenko. Financial relations small business energy complex. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21561.

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The paper deals with the peculiarities of small organizations in the energy sector, taking into account the principles of effective financial cooperation of small businesses with a variety of large and medium-sized structures. We studied the experience of the financial relations of countries with developed economies on a set of market tools and in business management in the energy sector. The analysis of the financial condition of small organizations and energy sector. Defined financial planning tools of organizations that allow to carry out the relationship of financial planning practices with the main objectives of a small organization. Reasoned application of the tax policy in the system of financial relations for small and large businesses and energy complex. The conditions for the use of alternative financial services market lending small business operations using efficient technologies.
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Book chapters on the topic "Analisi economica alternativa"

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Goodwin, Neva R. "The Micro Foundations for Textual Analysis." In Social Economics: An Alternative Theory, 201–26. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11519-8_10.

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Farr, John Vail, and Isaac Faber. "Advanced economic analysis of alternatives." In Engineering Economics of Life Cycle Cost Analysis, 69–92. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429466304-3.

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Treyz, George I. "Alternative Model Specifications." In Regional Economic Modeling: A Systematic Approach to Economic Forecasting and Policy Analysis, 225–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2874-4_5.

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Price, Colin. "Critiques of Cost–benefit Analysis—and of Alternative Processes." In Landscape Economics, 151–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54873-9_9.

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Albrecht, Ulrich. "The Current Warfare/Welfare Alternative and the Evidence from Technology." In Peace, Defence and Economic Analysis, 233–49. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18898-7_11.

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Danev, B., G. Slavov, and B. Mettev. "Multicriteria Comparative Analysis of Discrete Alternatives." In Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 57–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46607-6_7.

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Prassas, Elena S., and Roger P. Roess. "The Costs of Transportation for Alternative Economic Analysis." In Engineering Economics and Finance for Transportation Infrastructure, 73–111. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38580-3_4.

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Abdel-Aal, Hussein K. "Analysis of Alternatives, Selections, and Replacements." In Economic Analysis of Oil and Gas Engineering Operations, 87–101. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003137696-8.

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Ray, Subhash C. "Data Envelopment Analysis with Alternative Returns to Scale." In The Palgrave Handbook of Economic Performance Analysis, 145–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23727-1_6.

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Treyz, George I. "Forecasting and Simulation Sensitivity to Alternative Model Specifications." In Regional Economic Modeling: A Systematic Approach to Economic Forecasting and Policy Analysis, 403–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2874-4_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Analisi economica alternativa"

1

Rodri´guez Marti´nez, J. Hugo, Agusti´n Alcaraz Caldero´n, Luis Iva´n Ruiz Flores, and Roberto Valdez Vargas. "Technical and Economic Analysis of Cogeneration Systems for Refinery Power Plant Applications." In ASME 2010 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2010-27262.

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This paper shows the main results from a technical and economical study for the implementation of new cogeneration systems in Mexican refineries. At least three cogeneration alternatives to match a 50% additional energy requirement (thermal and electric) for a refinery are analyzed. A balance simulator tool developed specially for the electric and steam refinery systems is used in order to obtain the technical parameters for the alternatives, which allows obtaining system performance indicators such as fuel consumption, cooling water requirement, electric and combined efficiency. Standard techniques as net present value, internal rate of return, and payback period are used for the economic analysis. According to the results, the best alternative was a gas turbine-heat recovery steam generator arrangement fueled by natural gas, including the respective adjustments of the refinery electrical and steam systems.
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Herridge, John T., and John E. Lambert. "Fleet Economics Analysis-CleanFleet Alternative Fuels Project." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/950395.

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Robert, Schaaf, and Hashim Hosnia. "Alternative Economic Criteria for Superior Project Analysis." In Middle East Oil Show. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/81548-ms.

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Cardenas, R., C. Perpina, D. Alfonso, A. Perez-Navarro, E. Penalvo, and C. Vargas. "Technical and economical feasibility analysis of biomass gasification power plants in a Mediterranean area." In 2009 IEEE-PES/IAS Conference on Sustainable Alternative Energy (SAE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sae.2009.5534836.

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Roy-Aikins, Joseph. "PEACES: A Program for the Economic Analysis of Combined Energy Systems." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0302.

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Industrial concerns, the world over, are embracing gas/steam turbine combined cycles and combined heat and power as means of meeting energy needs. The main reason is that the potential for energy savings is huge, due to the utilisation of waste heat as useful energy — the key to the excellent thermodynamic performance exhibited by combined energy systems. Excellent thermodynamic performance may not be matched by excellent economic performance, and in certain cases it may not be economical to choose a combined energy system over a mix of supply from conventional plants. The factors governing the economics of combined energy are numerous, though a few are decisive. In choosing a plant for a given duty, an economic assessment of life-cycle costs should be carried out for candidate plants, to arrive at the most economically viable investment proposal, among alternatives. With this in mind, a computer program PEACES was developed to aid the appraisal of energy investment proposals based on combined energy systems. The economic model on which the program was structured is described in this paper. A case study is carried out, where the software was used at arriving at the most economically viable solution for meeting the energy needs at an industrial site.
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Vankudoth, Lokesh, Altaf Q. H. Badar, Rajeev Kumar Chauhan, and MJ Hossain. "Economic Analysis of Energy Scheduling and Trading in Multiple-Microgrids Environment." In 2021 XVIII International Scientific Technical Conference Alternating Current Electric Drives (ACED). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aced50605.2021.9462285.

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Behrens, A. M., and F. F. Choobineh. "An Alternative Approach to Modeling Uncertainty in Hydrocarbon Economic Analysis." In SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/25838-ms.

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Степан, Поросков. "SOCIAL NETWORKS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES OF MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES." In MODERN CITY: POWER, GOVERNANCE, ECONOMICS. Publishing House of Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/65.049-66/2020.29.

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The article analyzes the use of social networks as a feedback mechanism for municipal authorities and the population, as well as the use of official websites of municipal authorities for the same purposes. The analysis is based on the consideration of the order of the Governor of the Kama region M.Reshetnikov from August 29, 2019, a detailed analysis of this order. The review is based on legal acts and the latest official statistics.
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Cho, Heejin, and Nelson Fumo. "Uncertainty Analysis for Dimensioning Solar Photovoltaic Arrays." In ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91080.

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As the world population increases, so does their demand for energy. The demand of energy is mainly in the form of electricity with an origin primarily from fossil fuels. Since solar photovoltaic technology has the ability to convert solar energy directly into electricity, this technology has become one of the most popular alternatives at all scales for substitution of technology that uses fossil fuels. However, a limiting factor for the massive use solar photovoltaic technology is economics. A key component in the overall strategy to overcome the economic limitation of solar photovoltaic technology is the system size optimization at the design stage. At the design stage, data related to the solar energy availability, energy demand, and equipment performance is used to determine the size of the equipment while being able to satisfy the targeted peak energy demand. In general, a common engineering safety factor is used to ensure the system to meet the energy demand during its life cycle operation. The sizing procedure of solar photovoltaic systems can be further improved to be more reliable and economical when the uncertainty in the design process is considered. This paper presents a framework to perform an uncertainty analysis that can lead to improve sizing process for solar photovoltaic arrays. Through results from the application of the proposed approach, a reliable interval for the size of the photovoltaic array is found that can lead to more accurate and economic design compared to the use of common engineering safety factors.
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Harno, Jarmo. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Beyond 3G Mobile Technology Alternatives." In 2007 6th Conference on Telecommunication Techno-Economics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ctte.2007.4389888.

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Reports on the topic "Analisi economica alternativa"

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McCall, Jamie, and Jason Sabatelle. Alternative Non-Economic Measures of CDFI Lending Impact: An Exploratory Analysis. Carolina Small Business Development Fund, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46712/alternative.impact.

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CDFI impacts are overwhelmingly viewed through an economic lens. Little consideration is given to other types of metrics. Yet we believe a positive economic impact is a necessary but not sufficient condition to being an effective development institution. We assess the relationship between a CDFI's lending activities and aggregate social capital levels. Social capital – the entrepreneurial networks which occur when small businesses flourish – are a key non-economic outcome of CDIF financing and technical assistance interventions.
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Hunter, David E., Christina S. Bittle, Frederick S. Celec, Gregory A. Davis, Michael S. Helwig, Rob Mahoney, Joshua A. Minix, et al. Economic Analysis of National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Modernization Alternatives. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada479382.

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Daellenbach, K. K., J. E. Dagle, R. W. Reilly, and S. A. Shankle. Economic analysis of operating alternatives for the South Vandenberg Power Plant at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10135313.

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Daellenbach, K. K., J. E. Dagle, R. W. Reilly, and S. A. Shankle. Economic analysis of operating alternatives for the South Vandenberg Power Plant at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6661872.

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Manhiça, Anésio, Alex Shankland, Kátia Taela, Euclides Gonçalves, Catija Maivasse, and Mariz Tadros. Alternative Expressions of Citizen Voices: The Protest Song and Popular Engagements with the Mozambican State. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2020.001.

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This study examines Mozambican popular music to investigate three questions: Are notions of empowerment and accountability present in popular music in Mozambique? If so, what can these existing notions of empowerment and accountability reveal about relations between citizens and state institutions in general and about citizen-led social and political action in particular? In what ways is popular music used to support citizen mobilisation in Mozambique? The discussion is based on an analysis of 46 protest songs, interviews with musicians, music producers and event promoters as well as field interviews and observations among audiences at selected popular music concerts and public workshops in Maputo city. Secondary data were drawn from radio broadcasts, digital media, and social networks. The songs analysed were widely played in the past two decades (1998–2018), a period in which three different presidents led the country. Our focus is on the protest song, conceived as those musical products that are concerned with public affairs, particularly public policy and how it affects citizens’ social, political and economic life, and the relationship between citizens and the state.
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Baker, Justin S., George Van Houtven, Yongxia Cai, Fekadu Moreda, Chris Wade, Candise Henry, Jennifer Hoponick Redmon, and A. J. Kondash. A Hydro-Economic Methodology for the Food-Energy-Water Nexus: Valuation and Optimization of Water Resources. RTI Press, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.mr.0044.2105.

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Growing global water stress caused by the combined effects of growing populations, increasing economic development, and climate change elevates the importance of managing and allocating water resources in ways that are economically efficient and that account for interdependencies between food production, energy generation, and water networks—often referred to as the “food-energy-water (FEW) nexus.” To support these objectives, this report outlines a replicable hydro-economic methodology for assessing the value of water resources in alternative uses across the FEW nexus–including for agriculture, energy production, and human consumption—and maximizing the benefits of these resources through optimization analysis. The report’s goal is to define the core elements of an integrated systems-based modeling approach that is generalizable, flexible, and geographically portable for a range of FEW nexus applications. The report includes a detailed conceptual framework for assessing the economic value of water across the FEW nexus and a modeling framework that explicitly represents the connections and feedbacks between hydrologic systems (e.g., river and stream networks) and economic systems (e.g., food and energy production). The modeling components are described with examples from existing studies and applications. The report concludes with a discussion of current limitations and potential extensions of the hydro-economic methodology.
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Kim, Changmo, Ghazan Khan, Brent Nguyen, and Emily L. Hoang. Development of a Statistical Model to Predict Materials’ Unit Prices for Future Maintenance and Rehabilitation in Highway Life Cycle Cost Analysis. Mineta Transportation Institute, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1806.

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The main objectives of this study are to investigate the trends in primary pavement materials’ unit price over time and to develop statistical models and guidelines for using predictive unit prices of pavement materials instead of uniform unit prices in life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) for future maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) projects. Various socio-economic data were collected for the past 20 years (1997–2018) in California, including oil price, population, government expenditure in transportation, vehicle registration, and other key variables, in order to identify factors affecting pavement materials’ unit price. Additionally, the unit price records of the popular pavement materials were categorized by project size (small, medium, large, and extra-large). The critical variables were chosen after identifying their correlations, and the future values of each variable were predicted through time-series analysis. Multiple regression models using selected socio-economic variables were developed to predict the future values of pavement materials’ unit price. A case study was used to compare the results between the uniform unit prices in the current LCCA procedures and the unit prices predicted in this study. In LCCA, long-term prediction involves uncertainties due to unexpected economic trends and industrial demand and supply conditions. Economic recessions and a global pandemic are examples of unexpected events which can have a significant influence on variations in material unit prices and project costs. Nevertheless, the data-driven scientific approach as described in this research reduces risk caused by such uncertainties and enables reasonable predictions for the future. The statistical models developed to predict the future unit prices of the pavement materials through this research can be implemented to enhance the current LCCA procedure and predict more realistic unit prices and project costs for the future M&R activities, thus promoting the most cost-effective alternative in LCCA.
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Mascagni, Giulia, Roel Dom, and Fabrizio Santoro. The VAT in Practice: Equity, Enforcement and Complexity. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.002.

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The value added tax (VAT) is supposed to be a tax on consumption that achieves greater economic efficiency than alternative indirect taxes. It is also meant to facilitate enforcement through the ‘self-enforcing mechanism’ – based on opposed incentives for buyers and sellers, and because of the paper trail it creates. Being a rather sophisticated tax, however, the VAT is complex to administer and costly to comply with, especially in lower-income countries. This paper takes a closer look at how the VAT system functions in practice in Rwanda. Using a mixed-methods approach, which combines qualitative information from focus group discussions with the analysis of administrative and survey data, we document and explain a number of surprising inconsistencies in the filing behaviour of VAT-remitting firms, which lead to suboptimal usage of electronic billing machines, as well as failure to claim legitimate VAT credits. The consequence of these inconsistencies is twofold. It makes it difficult for the Rwanda Revenue Authority to exploit its VAT data to the fullest, and leads to firms, particularly smaller ones, bearing a higher VAT burden than larger ones. There are several explanations for these inconsistencies. They appear to lie in a combination of taxpayer confusion, fear of audit, and constraints in administrative capacity.
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Al-Qadi, Imad, Hasan Ozer, Mouna Krami Senhaji, Qingwen Zhou, Rebekah Yang, Seunggu Kang, Marshall Thompson, et al. A Life-Cycle Methodology for Energy Use by In-Place Pavement Recycling Techniques. Illinois Center for Transportation, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/20-018.

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Worldwide interest in using recycled materials in flexible pavements as an alternative to virgin materials has increased significantly over the past few decades. Therefore, recycling has been utilized in pavement maintenance and rehabilitation activities. Three types of in-place recycling technologies have been introduced since the late 70s: hot in-place recycling, cold in-place recycling, and full-depth reclamation. The main objectives of this project are to develop a framework and a life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to evaluate maintenance and rehabilitation treatments, specifically in-place recycling and conventional paving methods, and develop a LCA tool utilizing Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) to help local and state highway agencies evaluate environmental benefits and tradeoffs of in-place recycling techniques as compared to conventional rehabilitation methods at each life-cycle stage from the material extraction to the end of life. The ultimate outcome of this study is the development of a framework and a user-friendly LCA tool that assesses the environmental impact of a wide range of pavement treatments, including in-place recycling, conventional methods, and surface treatments. The developed tool provides pavement industry practitioners, consultants, and agencies the opportunity to complement their projects’ economic and social assessment with the environmental impacts quantification. In addition, the tool presents the main factors that impact produced emissions and energy consumed at every stage of the pavement life cycle due to treatments. The tool provides detailed information such as fuel usage analysis of in-place recycling based on field data.
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Qi, Yan, Ryan Fries, Shambhu Saran Baral, and Pranesh Biswas. Evaluating the Costs and Benefits of Snow Fences in Illinois: Phase 2. Illinois Center for Transportation, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/20-020.

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Serving as a windbreak, properly sited and designed snow fences have been proven effective in mitigating the negative impacts of blowing snow. To achieve the best snow-control effects, the ideal locations for snow fences are usually outside the roadway right-of-way. Few efforts have been made to examine the economic efficiency of snow fences and explore ways to reward private landowners. The objective of this project was to develop methodologies for evaluation of the costs and benefits of snow fences in Illinois and identify ways to encourage private landowners’ participation in the snow fence program while keeping it cost-effective. The researchers conducted a literature review as well as agency and landowner surveys. They also acquired crash data, snow fence and blowing snow segment inventory data, and blowing snow removal expenditure data as well as performed benefit-cost analyses of three types of snow fences following Federal Highway Administration guides. The survey results suggested that standing corn rows (SCRs) and structural snow fences (SSFs) were the least intrusive options for landowners and living snow fences (LSFs) with trees were the most intrusive. Some concerns related to LSFs could be reduced by allowing landowners to play a role in the design and plant-selection process. The crash data indicated that no fatal and severe crashes occurred at snow fence segments, while several fatal and severe crashes occurred at blowing snow segments during 2012–2016. The results of the benefit-cost analyses showed that the benefit-cost ratios for LSFs and SSFs are comparable. However, LSFs are favorable over SSFs because little maintenance is needed after the plants are mature. Although SCRs have the highest benefit-cost ratio, the need to renew the agency-landowner agreement annually and the alternating of crops planted may limit their snow-control effectiveness and large-scale implementation. A tool was developed using MS Excel to facilitate the benefit-cost analysis of snow fences.
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