Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Análisis estático lineal'
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Delgadillo, Alanya Julio Edwin. "Análisis no lineal estático de estructuras y la norma e-030." Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2005. http://cybertesis.uni.edu.pe/uni/2005/delgadillo_ae/html/index-frames.html.
Full textThe prime objetive of the thesis is to observer the effectiveness of the Pushover Static Non Linear Analysis which introduces the ATC-40 and FEMA-356, used jointly with the seismic demand which is provided by the Peruvian Seismic Design Standard E-030, to obtain and evaluate the level of damage produced in the elements by means of supervising the deformations (rotations ands displacement) in el performance level of the structure and then proceed with the verification of local acceptation limits given by the ATC-40 and FEMA-356. Another fundamental goal of this thesis is to show how the Pushover Static Non Linear Analysis is a method that finds the “weak” zones of a structure and from then on, take the necessary steps. To fulfill this objetive, we take for example a five story building with floor irregularities, destined to be apartments. The design of the structure and other possible deficiences that could be found are responsibility of the author of this thesis. The present job doesn’t pretend nor question the actual Seismic Design Standard E-030, on the contrary, we took this present job as a reference to find the Seismic Demand that was used in the pushover study. The author of this thesis adjoined a FORTRAN language program, and it serves to find the capacity curve of regular structures in floors and elevation, idealizing the structure as a group of bent parallel plans. Likewise, a small program to find the rotation- moment graphic of a section de armed concrete is also introduced, which serves as a very useful tool for modeling the behavior of all the elements of the example presented herein
Fernández, López Rodrigo Miguel, and Velásquez Ricardo Timoteo Zapata. "Análisis y diseño estructural de una torre de 40 pisos y 4 sótanos siguiendo normas peruanas incluyendo su desempeño sísmico en el distrito de Santiago de Surco, Lima." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652425.
Full textIn the present investigation, the analysis and structural design of a 40-storey tower and 4 reinforced concrete basements will be carried out following Peruvian regulations and the calculation of seismic performance in the Santiago de Surco district, Lima. For this, the hypothesis states whether the Peruvian standards meet the desired seismic resistance performance for a tall tower like this one. For a progressive understanding, first a description will be made of the tall tower to study, its architecture, structure, soil and others. In the second part, the concepts necessary to understand the types of static linear analysis, dynamic linear analysis and static non-linear analysis will be given. The materials will be defined, the moment - rotation diagrams will also explain the obtaining of the building capacity curve. Wind and performance level concepts will be discussed. In the third part, we will proceed with seismic analysis complying with the seismic resistance requirements, we will also do the wind analysis to compare both effects. In the fourth chapter, the structural design will be carried out using the reinforced concrete standards. In chapter five the performance analysis will be done using the pushover method to finally get the results of this project and the conclusions of this development.
Tesis
Poma, de la Cruz Jose Luis. "Software educativo para la automatización del análisis no lineal estático pushover en estructuras de concreto armado." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/13221.
Full textTesis
Challco, Mamani Gilmer. "Análisis estático lineal de pórticos de concreto armado mediante el método de los elementos de contorno." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/6624.
Full textTesis
Alvarez, Ruffrán Jorge Enrique. "Análisis aplicativo del método de los elementos finitos en un campo estático-lineal e introducción a la no linealidad." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/16877.
Full textTesis
Moreno, González Rosangel. "Evaluación del riesgo sísmico en edificios mediante análisis estático no lineal: Aplicación a diversos escenarios sísmicos de Barcelona." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6247.
Full texttypologies of residential buildings of Barcelona, Spain, is presented. These correspond to reinforced concrete buildings with waffle slabs and unreinforced masonry buildings. The main goal of this research is to apply a systematic methodology for the seismic risk
assessment, by means of fragility curves, in buildings located in urban zones with moderate seismic hazard.
After revising the conceptual aspects involved in the seismic risk assessment and describing the current state of the art, the adopted methodology to evaluate the structural
capacity, fragility and expected damage analyses is described. To assess the capacity a structural modelling of the buildings and a non-linear static analysis is required. The fragility or vulnerability is evaluated through the capacity spectrum, by means of a simplified procedure. The damage probability matrixes for a given seismic scenario require knowledge of the maximum structural response, which is obtained by using the capacity spectrum method.
The methodology has been applied to three reinforced concrete models representative of
low, mid and high rise buildings of the city; this has allowed developing seismic risk scenarios for two earthquakes, which occurrence in Barcelona is reasonably possible. These scenarios take into account the Barcelona seismic zoning.
The method has been also applied to characterize the expected seismic behaviour of masonry buildings, modelling three typical buildings of the Eixample District. Two of them present different plane configuration, one more regular than the other. The third is
representative of corner buildings, typical of the city's blocks. The better behaviour of the regular buildings compared to corner buildings is confirmed. An aggregate set of buildings, corresponding to a typical line of the district's blocks has been studied. It has been observed that the aggregate behaviour does not improve; instead it inherits the vulnerability of the constituting buildings.
A sensitivity analysis of the slight and extensive threshold damage states is carried out; it is observed that little variations in these thresholds significantly influence the expected damage. Consequently, new thresholds for these damage states are proposed based on certain structural characteristics obtained from the non-linear static analysis. The proposed slight damage threshold takes into account the elastic stiffness degradation, while hardening is considered for the extensive damage state. To validate the results obtained with of the employed methodology, a series of non linear dynamic analysis were carried out in two reinforced concrete buildings.
The global results were compatible with the ones of the methodology. In general, the results show a good confidence level.
Finally, the conclusions drawn the current thesis are summarized and some recommendations for future works are given.
Estrella, Chavez Juan Jacob, and Zamalloa Ángel Jair Ochoa. "Determinación de la vulnerabilidad sísmica del Mercado Municipal del Balneario de Pucusana mediante el análisis estático no lineal “pushover”." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657564.
Full textDue to the high danger of earthquake occurrence, to which the Pucusana city is exposed and the population growth that it has had in recent years, it is necessary to know the effects that a large earthquake would produce in this locality, according to (Silgado, 1978 ), in the year 1746 an earthquake of estimated magnitude of 9.0 MW occurred, followed by a tsunami that destroyed the port of Callao and according to (Tavera, 2008), the study area occupies an estimated danger zone, an earthquake of magnitude 8.8 MW, as a result of these studies, it is considered to choose this locality as representative to elaborate a seismic risk scenario. Given this reality, it is necessary to develop Risk scenarios for the Pucusana spa. This research work aims to make an improvement to the proposal made by CENEPRED, in its risk estimation manual, using the “PUSHOVER” Analysis, using the ATC-40 methodology, ASCE41-13 and SEAOC VISION 2000, which will determine the quality of the structure in detail and compare it with the level of earthquake danger that exists as a result of the work of the SIRAD 2012 project. The Municipal Market has been chosen to carry out this study, because it is one of the most important structures in the Spa. Finally, the contribution of this thesis is to determine the level of performance of the municipal market of Pucusana, to determine its level of vulnerability.
Tesis
Navarro, Valenzuela Deleine Flor, and Gutiérrez Rosa Valero. "Evaluación de la influencia de distintos grados de acero de refuerzo en el desempeño sísmico de edificaciones aporticadas con análisis estático no lineal." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/648854.
Full textIn this investigation, the elasto-plastic behavior and the seismic performance reinforced structures by applying the Pushover method. This evaluation is done on several cases: with high ductility steel (Grade 40), conventional steel (Grade 60) and high strength steel (Grade 75). For the previous, the evaluation of the deformability of the structural elements is made from the moment-rotation graphs that cause the structure to collapse. The capacity curve graph obtained from the displacement coefficient method was used to measure the capacity of the structure. In addition, the performance of the structure for different levels of seismic design are evaluated with the resulting values of ductility and rigidity of each case. The results showed that reinforcing a structure with a Grade 40 reinforcing steel increases the energy dissipation capacity, and if reinforced with a Grade 75 reinforcing steel increases the strength capacity in the structure. Finally, the comparative result of the various cases are presented to demonstrate the influence of reinforcing steel on the plastic behavior of reinforced concrete structures.
Trabajo de investigación
Chuquicahua, Zelada Dairy Elmer. "Análisis no lineal estático y dinámico de un edificio de concreto armado con disipadores de energía SLB en la ciudad de Chiclayo." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/2914.
Full textParedes, Azaña Miguel Ángel. "Evaluación del desempeño sismorresistente de un edificio destinado a vivienda en la ciudad de Lima aplicando el análisis estático no lineal pushover." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/620673.
Full textNavarro, Valenzuela Deleine Flor, and Gutierrez Rosa Valero. "Evaluación de la influencia de distintos grados del acero de refuerzo en el desempeño sísmico de una edificación aporticada con el análisis estático no lineal." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655324.
Full textIn this investigation, the elasto-plastic behavior and the seismic performance of concrete reinforced frame structures are evaluated by applying the Pushover method. This evaluation is done on several cases: with high ductility steel (Grade 40), conventional steel (Grade 60) and high strength steel (Grade 75). For the above, the capacity curve graph obtained from the displacement coefficient method was used to measure the capacity of the structure. In addition, the performance of the structure for different levels of seismic design are evaluated with the resulting values of ductility and rigidity in each case. The results showed that reinforcing a structure with a Grade 40 reinforcing steel increases the energy dissipation capacity, and if reinforced with a Grade 75 reinforcing steel it increases the strength capacity in the structure. Finally, the comparative result of the various cases is presented to demonstrate the influence of reinforcing steel on the plastic behavior of concrete reinforced frame structures.
Tesis
Gutierrez, Yaya Luis Fernando, and Romero Erwin Ibraim Lezama. "Análisis y diseño sísmico por desempeño de los bloques A, B y C del departamento de ordenamiento territorial y construcción de la UNALM según el código ATC-40." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652510.
Full textThis thesis tries to demonstrate that the Peruvian standard of earthquake-resistant design must evolve and have greater demands in institutions of essential use, so that the damages obtained through a design with Standard E-030 and ACT-40 will be evaluated at different levels Seismic blocks A, B and C of the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering of the UNALM, for this in the first chapter the evolution of the E-030 earthquake resistant design standard and some international standards such as the ATC will be explained. In chapter 2, the classification of performance parameters that structures have according to the ATC-40 code for performance design will be announced. In the next chapter, the designed blocks will be presented. While in Chapter 4 and 5 an analysis and structural design will be carried out with Standard E030 and ATC-40, respectively. Finally, in chapter 6 and 7 a comparison will be presented between the levels of damage caused to the elements by monitoring the deformations (turns and displacements) by buying them with the limits of acceptance of the aforementioned standards.
Tesis
Chávez, Ávila Xennia Denisse. "Evaluación por desempeño mediante un análisis no lineal estático del módulo 1, del bloque A, del Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión, de la provincia de Huancayo, Región Junín." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Continental, 2017. http://repositorio.continental.edu.pe/handle/continental/3769.
Full textTesis
Bermúdez, Mejía Carlos Alberto. "Vulnerabilidad sísmica de edificios de acero." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6272.
Full textIn this thesis nonlinear static and dynamic methods are applied to the prototype building, and to six more buildings, representing main subclasses of steel structures. As a result, the thresholds of damage state are expressed in function of the main points of the bilinear capacity spectrum. A new proposal of classification of steel structures, according with EMS-98, is presented. The last part of this thesis is a detailed stochastic study that considers probabilistic variability of seismic action, vertical loads and physical and mechanics properties of the structural members. Exceedance probabilities for the main limit states and thresholds of damage states are calculate. As a result the limit states most likely will be exceeded are identified. Finally some additional security factors are recommended.
Alvarez, Guevara Kervin Alexander, and Chumpitaz Marco Fabricio Medina. "Análisis de la influencia de las secciones agrietadas en la respuesta a una solicitud sísmica en edificios regulares e irregulares multifamiliares de 5, 10 y 15 pisos en la ciudad de Lima." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653473.
Full textThis research addresses the real influence of the cracking of structural elements in the reduction of rigidity when a seismic event occurs. To do this, first, he described the problematic reality, the background and previous generalities about the topic to determine what type of building to use. Secondly, the theoretical framework exposed a set of fundamental concepts necessary to understand the cracking of concrete, the obtaining of effective inertia, the irregularity of buildings and a review of the considerations of foreign standards. In the third place, it was determined to work with 6 multifamily housing plans, of which 3 were regular structures and 3 were irregular. Likewise, the structures were subdivided into heights of 5, 10 and 15 floors, since they are the type of building that is most constructed in Lima. Afterwards, the geographic, use and geometrical parameters were found from the E-030 standard, to then perform the linear seismic analysis (static and dynamic). Then, the moment diagrams - curvature (beams, columns and plates) were made, so that from them, obtain a reduction factor of the gross inertia and perform a new seismic analysis considering this value as an effect of cracking. Finally, a comparative analysis was made between the results obtained according to the height in regular and irregular buildings.
Tesis
Lopez, De La Cruz Freddy, and Arboleda Astrid Odeleid Antonella Choncen. "Estudio comparativo del comportamiento sísmico de un edificio de oficinas de 20 pisos en el distrito de San Isidro con el incremento de la resistencia mecánica del concreto (21MPa, 35MPa y 55MPa) mediante el análisis estático no lineal y de desempeño sísmico." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654848.
Full textThe use of high-strength concrete is allowing the construction of increasingly taller buildings, the improvement of its mechanical properties with respect to that of a normal-strength concrete produces less lateral displacement and with them gives more resistance to lateral stiffness. One of the questions is to know to what extent the seismic behavior of a building improves with the increase in the mechanical resistance of the concrete and especially with high resistance (55MPa), since it allows the construction of slenderer elements. The main objective of this research project is to analyze the seismic response more precisely in the face of a sudden release of energy of great magnitude. To carry it out, the concept and differences between normal and high-strength concrete were raised. Also, the report of scientific research that helped to better understand the mechanical behavior of high-strength concrete in different structural elements. Analysis and structural design of a 20-story building with f'c of 21.35, 55 MPa and a Mix of 21-55 and 35-55 MPa were carried out where it was subjected to a lateral push by means of a Pushover to generate mechanisms of labeling until the collapse of the structure and with it the achievement of the capacity curve. Generating five demand spectra with a return period of 43, 72, 475, 975,1500 years to be able to intercept it with the capacity curve and obtain the performance point of the structure.
Tesis
Guevara, Alarcón Aldo Fernando. "Evaluación del Desempeño Sísmico de una Nave Industrial de Acero para el sector minero utilizando el ATC-40." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653612.
Full textThe present research project is entitled "Evaluation of the seismic performance of a mining steel building according to ATC-40" and has the purpose of determining the seismic performance of a mining building defined in the technical report ATC-40. The application of a static nonlinear analysis to the computational model of an existing structure can determine the level of damage and the expected seismic performance. Accordingly, the nonlinear static analysis was successfully applied to the model of an existing structure using SAP2000 software, and through data and graphics provided by the program, the level of damage in the industrial building subjected to great seismic actions was determined. This thesis is divided into seven chapters: the first chapter cover the introduction and the importance of the thesis. The second chapter include the generalities, general objectives and specific objectives of the thesis project; the third reviews the Pushover analysis theoretical framework; the fourth shows the linear and nonlinear static analyses; the fifth includes the design by the LRFD method and its validation; the sixth presents the criteria of seismic performance using the ATC-40 method; the seventh shows the analysis of results; the eighth shows the conclusions and recommendations. From the presented analysis, it is concluded that it was possible to achieve the level of performance desired ensuring continuous ore production, and with this, it can be guaranteed that the structure will have an acceptable behavior for the 3 levels of seismic hazard and that the ore production will not be affected.
Tesis
Morais, Danielly Luz Araújo de. "Análise estática não-linear de cascas conoidais." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7875.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In the analytical study of conoidal shallow shells, one has the difficulty in analytically representing their displacement fields. In this way a numerical analysis, such as the Finite Element Method (MEF), has been used in the study of this type of structure. In this work, a static analysis of conoidal shallow shells from curved parabolic or cylindrical edges of linear, homogeneous and isotropic elastic material is performed, subjected to a transversal uniformly load distributed along the surface. With the thin-plate formulation derived from Kirchhoff's hypotheses and the theory developed by Marguerre for thin shells, the non-linear equilibrium equations that govern the behavior of the conoidal shell were determined, considering that this is a plate with an initial displacement. A linear parametric analysis of the critical loads and of buckling modes through the MEF is performed using ABAQUS 6.11® program, varying the contour and height conditions of the curved edges. Analytically, a complexity of the components of the buckling mode displacement fields of a given geometry is evaluated by its decomposition into double Fourier series. With the non-linear analysis via MEF, the non-linear equilibrium trajectories of the displacements are obtained and the first non-linear loading limit points are obtained. Nonlinear parabolic or cylindrical geometric parabolic geometry trajectories with describable supports at their four edges are also compared, evaluating how the geometric non-linearities influence the modes of the displacement fields during loading. Finally, a non-linear parametric analysis of the influence of the variation of the curved edge heights on the equilibrium trajectories of the membrane stresses and resulting from internal moments of the conoidal shell is carried out. It is verified, with this work, that linear analyzes can underestimate, or overestimate, the nonlinear behavior of the conoid. As the parametric analysis influences the behavior of the conoid in front of the load, either in the linear analysis, resulting in different critical loads and modes of buckling, or in the nonlinear analysis, resulting in differentiated limits loads and nonlinear equilibrium trajectories of the displacements and membrane stresses and moments.
No estudo analítico de cascas conoidais abatidas, tem-se a dificuldade de representar analiticamente os seus campos de deslocamentos. Dessa forma a análise numérica, como por exemplo, via Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF), vem sendo utilizada no estudo desse tipo de estrutura. Neste trabalho, elabora-se uma análise estática de cascas conoidais abatidas de bordas curvas parabólicas, ou cilíndricas, de material elástico linear, homogêneo e isotrópico, submetidas a um carregamento transversal uniformemente distribuído ao longo da superfície. Com a formulação para placas finas derivada das hipóteses de Kirchhoff e a teoria desenvolvida por Marguerre para cascas finas, determinam-se as equações não-lineares de equilíbrio que regem o comportamento da casca conoidal, considerando que esta seja uma placa com um deslocamento inicial. Faz-se uma análise paramétrica linear das cargas críticas e modos de flambagem através do MEF utilizando o programa ABAQUS 6.11®, variando-se as condições de contorno e altura das bordas curvas. Avalia-se, analiticamente, a complexidade das componentes dos campos de deslocamentos do modo de flambagem de uma dada geometria através de sua decomposição em séries duplas de Fourier. Com a análise não-linear via MEF, obtêm-se as trajetórias não-lineares de equilíbrio dos deslocamentos da casca e obtêm-se os primeiros pontos limites de carregamento não-lineares. Comparam-se também as trajetórias não-lineares de equilíbrio de conóides de geometrias parabólicas, ou cilíndricas, com apoios indeslocáveis em suas quatro bordas, avaliando como as não-linearidades geométricas influenciam nos modos dos campos de deslocamentos durante o carregamento. Por fim, efetua-se uma análise paramétrica não-linear da influência da variação das alturas das bordas curvas nas trajetórias de equilíbrio dos esforços de membrana e resultantes de momentos internos dos conóides. Verifica-se, com este trabalho, que análises lineares podem subestimar, ou superestimar, o comportamento não-linear do conóide. Sendo que a análise paramétrica influencia o comportamento do conóide frente ao carregamento, seja no âmbito da análise linear, resultando em diferentes cargas críticas e modos de flambagem, seja na análise não-linear, resultando em cargas limites e trajetórias não-lineares de equilíbrio dos deslocamentos e dos esforços de membrana e momentos, diferenciados.
Silva, Marcelo Cavalcanti da. "Análise linear estática e dinâmica de placas utilizando o elemento finito prismático regular linear /." Ilha Solteira, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/149911.
Full textResumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar o comportamento linear estático e dinâmico de placas, com carregamento perpendicular ao seu plano médio, realizando a discretização estrutural com o elemento finito prismático regular linear. Na dedução das matrizes de rigidez e de massas do elemento finito em questão, utiliza-se a formulação com parâmetros generalizados e com coordenadas homogêneas, cujas funções aproximadoras com vinte e quatro monômios, respectivamente, foram extraídos do polinômio algébrico cúbico em “x”, “y” e “z”. Para a consideração do amortecimento utiliza-se o Método de Rayleigh e para a integração numérica ao longo do tempo utiliza-se o Método de Newmark, via algoritmo previsor / corretor. Ao final deste trabalho foram elaborados exemplos elucidativos visando uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa dos resultados obtidos, que foram comparados com os valores determinados do elemento finito de placa retangular. Como conclusões finais, para placas muito delgadas deve-se utilizar o elemento finito de placa retangular; em placas delgadas é possível a utilização dos elementos finitos de placa retangular e o prismático regular linear; e para placas espessas deve-se utilizar o elemento finito prismático regular linear.
Abstract: The main objective of this work is to analyze the static and dynamic linear behavior of plates with perpendicular loading to its mean plane, performing the structural discretization with the regular linear prismatic finite element. In the deduction of the stiffness and mass matrices of the finite element, it is used the formulation with generalized parameters and with homogeneous coordinates, whose approximate functions with twenty-four monomials, respectively, were extracted from the cubic algebraic polynomial in x, "y" and "z". For the damping consideration, it is used the Rayleigh Method and for the numerical integration by along the time it is used the Newmark Method, via forecaster / corrector algorithm. At the end of this work, elucidative examples were elaborated aiming a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the obtained results which were compared with the finite element determined values of rectangular plate. As final conclusions, for very thin plates must use the rectangular plate finite element; in thin plates it is possible to use the rectangular plate finite elements and the linear regular prismatic; and for thick plates the linear regular prismatic finite element must be used.
Mestre
Brik, Allan Chamecki. "Análise estática não-linear de estruturas marítimas estaiadas em microcomputadores." Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11422/3775.
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Implementou-se no presente trabalho um programa, em microcomputador, para análise estática não-linear de estruturas constituídas por elementos de pórtico, treliça e cabos. A análise de treliças utiliza uma formulação Lagrangeana atualizada permitindo a representação de grandes deslocamentos. No caso de pórtico espacial pode-se considerar não-linearidade física e geométrica. A não-linearidade física é considerada através de uma matriz de rigidez elasto-plástica explícita, baseada na teoria plástica de vigas e em um critério de escoamento nodal. A rigidez dos cabos é determinada com base nas equações da catenária. Foram também adicionadas rotinas para o cálculo da ação hidrodinâmica. As características de onda são calculadas pela teoria linear de Airy, a corrente é interpolada linearmente e as forças induzidas nos elementos devido à onda e corrente são calculadas pela fórmula de Morison. O programa desenvolvido encontra aplicação em torres de transmissão de energia elétrica e em estruturas comumente encontradas na engenharia offshore.
This work describes a microcomputer program developed for static, non-linear analysis of guyed structures. The program may consider geometrically non-linear space truss elements, using an updated Lagrangean formulation for large displacement analysis. Geometrical and material non-linearities may also be considered for space frame elements. The material non-linearity is due to an explicit elastic-plastic stiffness matrix, which is based on the plastic theory of beams and on a nodal yelding criteria. Catenary equations are used to predict the cable stiffnesses. Routines for hydrodinamic forces were also added. Linear Airy theory is used to compute wave verocity and acceleration. Induced loads on members due to waver and current action are evaluated by Morison Equation. The program is very versatile and performs very well on the analysis of transmission lines with cross rope structures and structures commonly found on offshore engineering.
Marques, Dilze Coda dos Santos Cavalcanti. "Análise não linear estática e dinâmica de cascas laminadas anisótropas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/158426.
Full textIn this work the static and dynamic (transient) behavior o anisotropic laminated shells, with eccentric stiffeners or not, is investigated using the finite element method. The model employs three-dimensional degenerated elements of shells and is based on a Total Lagrangian formulation that allows the treatment of large displacements and rotations with small strains. The material is considered linear elastic or elastoplastic with strain hardening or not. The elastoplastic analysis is based on the concepts of the associated plasticity theory and uses an extension of the Huber-Mises criterium or anisotropic materials. The procedures are particularly appropriate for the analysis o laminated shells o composite materiais with arbitrary geometry and lamination schemes. For the static analysis the nonlinear equi1ibrium equations are solved by Newton-Raphson method or, alternatively, by the called generalized displacement control method. In the case o dynamic analysis, those equations are discretized in t-he time by Newmark method and the resultant set o algebraic equations are solved by Newton - Raphson method.
Mota, Joaquim Eduardo. "Aplicação do método da superposição modal na análise estática não linear de estruturas." Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11422/3662.
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O método da superposição modal tem sido utilizado como um procedimento eficiente para análise estática não linear geométrica de estruturas esbeltas com comportamento pré-crítico fracamente não linear. Neste trabalho apresenta-se uma extensão deste método, que permite a sua aplicação em outras classes de problemas não lineares, e também a consideração de não linearidade física representada por molas não lineares aplicadas na estrutura. No caso de problemas que não se enquadram na categoria de fracamente não lineares, a solução modal é corrigida por um processo baseado em atualizações do sistema de coordenadas e no conceito de matriz de rigidez tangente. Para a consideração da não linearidade física, utiliza-se a técnica das pseudo-forças, sendo as equações modais não lineares resultantes resolvidas pelo método iterativo de Newton-Raphson. O trabalho inclui a dedução das equações de equilíbrio, considerações sobre a implementação computacional do método e a análise de alguns exemplos de aplicação.
The linear buckling mode superpositon method has been utilized as an efficient procedure for geometric nonlinear static analysis of thin-type structures with a mild nonlinear pre-buckling behaviour. This work presents a modal method extension where both geometric and physical nonlinearities are considered. For problems which the mild nonlinearity condition is not satisfied, the modal solution is corrected by a procedure based on updating of the coordinate system and on tangent stiffness concept. The physical nonlinearities are represented by nonlinear springs, and the resultant modal nonlinear equation are solved by the pseudo-force technique associated with a Newton-Raphson iteration scheme. The work includes the derivations of the equilibrium equations, considerations about a software implementation, and analysis of sime application examples.
Agredo, Carlos Enrique Yomayusa. "Análise estática de estabilidade não-linear de viga sanduíche pelo método de elementos finitos." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2009. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=978.
Full textDomingues, Sérgio Ricardo Ribeiro. "Modelação tridimensional de estruturas sujeitas a sismos utilizando o OpenSees." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11484.
Full textOs sismos são fenómenos que podem ter consequências socioeconómicas elevadas, pelo que é necessário estudar os seus efeitos nas estruturas. Assim, nos últimos anos têm sido estudados e desenvolvidos, matematicamente e numericamente, modelos capazes de reproduzir fielmente o comportamento de estruturas em aço sujeitas a sismos, o que permitiu uma evolução da modelação dessas estruturas. Neste trabalho, são apresentadas várias técnicas de modelação não-linear de estruturas em aço, tendo sido aplicadas, com o programa de elementos finitos Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (OpenSees), a vários exemplos e a dois casos de estudo de forma a serem avaliadas. No primeiro caso de estudo, estudou-se o comportamento sísmico da estrutura de betão armado com parede de alvenaria de enchimento, descrita em Hashemi e Mosalam (2007), com o objetivo de validar o modelo de fibras, que simula o comportamento de paredes de enchimento. Através dos resultados obtidos, e comparando com os resultados experimentais, foi possível validar o comportamento desse modelo no plano, após a calibração de alguns parâmetros. No segundo caso de estudo, foi estudado o comportamento sísmico do edifício de quatro pisos com estrutura em aço testado no E-Defense (2007). O edifício foi modelado tridimensionalmente no OpenSees com elementos de plasticidade concentrada, zonas painel de ligação viga-pilar e paredes exteriores. Neste modelo teve-se em conta os efeitos P-Delta, a influência das lajes na flexão das vigas e o comportamento de diafragma rígido das lajes. De forma a modelar a estrutura, com um comportamento mais próximo do verificado experimentalmente, foi desenvolvido um novo modelo de comportamento das zonas de painel, através de uma análise de sensibilidade. Para além disso, o modelo de fibras das paredes, apresentado inicialmente neste trabalho, foi calibrado de forma a simular o comportamento verificado experimentalmente. Através dos resultados obtidos, e comparando-os com os resultados experimentais, verificou-se que é possível, com recurso às ferramentas apresentadas neste trabalho, reproduzir com precisão a resposta sísmica de estruturas de aço.
Medeiros, Sergio Ricardo Pinheiro. "Análise estática não-linear geométrica de estruturas pelo método de superposição modal com base Lanczos-Ritz." Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/11422/3636.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o método de superposição modal como um procedimento para a análise estática não linear geométrica de estruturas esbeltas, assim como, examinar o emprego de uma base de transformação de coordenadas constituída por vetores gerados de uma forma não iterativa a partir de um algoritmo do tipo Lanzos, como alternativa ao uso da base modal. No método de superposição modal tem sido tradicionalmente utilizado os autovetores como vetores base. Este procedimento tem como principal inconveniente o elevado custo computacional, devido ao caráter iterativo da solução do problema de autovalor. A adoção da base proposta reduz drasticamente este custo sem afetar a precisão dos resultados. A viabilidade do algoritmo proposto é investigada por meio de alguns exemplos, nos quais é comparado com o método de superposição modal clássico e com os métodos de análise não lineares do tipo Newton-Raphson.
The purpose of this work is to present the method of linear buckling mode superposition as a procedure for geometric nonlinear static analysis of slender structures, and to examine, as an alternative to a modal basis, the use of a coordinates transformation constitutes by vectors produced in a non-iterative way from a Lanczos algorithm. In the method of buckling mode superposition the eingenvectores have been tradionally used as basis vectors. The high computational cost of this procedure, caused by the iterative character of the eingenvalue problem, is its main drawback. The proposed method reduces the computer time requirements significantly without affecting the accuracy of the results. The viability of the proposed algorithm is investigated through some examples. Comparisons with the classical mode superposition method and a full nonlinear analysis are presented and the obtained results discussed.
Duarte, Filho Luiz Alberto. "Análise estática e dinâmica, linear e não-linear geométrica, através de elementos hexaédricos de oito nós com um ponto de integração." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/3362.
Full textPaula, Cristina Ferreira de. "Contribuição ao estudo das respostas numéricas não-lineares estática e dinâmica de estruturas reticuladas planas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-31032016-164210/.
Full textThe formulation and numerical implementation of mathematical models of the structural behavior of plane frames considering material and geometrical nonlinearities are treated in this work. The Principle of Virtual Work is presented in order to characterize the equilibrium in the displaced position. The structure is discretized by the finite element method. Plane trusses analysis is performed in order to show how important it is to take into account the strain and stress tensors energetically conjugated. Being particularized, the general equilibrium formulation for the plane frames a critical analysis of the total and updated lagrangian formulations is presented. The material nonlinear behavior is modeled by continuum damage mechanics by using both Mazars and La Boderie\'s damage models. The nonlinear analysis is extended including the dynamic response of the reinforced concrete plane frames. The usual iterative Newton-Raphson technique is used combined with implicit Newmark method in order to carry out the integration at time. The damping is introduced by means of the Rayleigh\'s rule. Numerical analysis by a suitable computer program show the theoretical results considering static and dynamic response of plane frames.
Filho, Carlos Augusto Moreira. "Análise estática não linear plana de pontes estaiadas e determinação das frequências naturais e modos de vibração." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-07042014-150248/.
Full textThe cable-stayed bridges are examples of slender and flexible where the usability of the materials is very important structures. In this sense, to ensure the best use of the materials involved (steel and concrete, for example), one must determine the forces applied to the prestressing cables. A better distribution of the bending moments in the bridge deck is obtained with a continuous beam. Cable-stayed bridges provide elastic support to the deck. This work employs the zero displacement method, ZDM, to determine the axial forces that the cables will be subjected to in order to approximate the behavior of the deck to the one as a continuous beam. The ZDM method provides an economically viable structure. The computational code performs static and modal analysis, which are performed by using the finite element method, FEM. The static analysis is a nonlinear geometric analysis which considers the nonlinearities of the cable sag, and the compression effects on the elements. The material is assumed in the field of linear elastic regime. The bridge is modeled by elements of plane truss with Dischingers elasticity module, to simulate cables and plane frame elements for the deck and the tower elements. The structure is subjected to self-weight of the elements. The computer code developed also performs the modal analysis of the structure to determine their natural frequencies and mode shapes. The modal analysis can be carried out with the concentrated or consistent mass matrix. In relation to the stiffness matrix, modal analysis of the structure may use a linear stiffness matrix for analysis of free vibration analysis or the tangent stiffness matrix for the analysis of vibration under initial stress. Examples in the literature are solved with the computational code developed for verification and validation.
Sánchez, Jesús Antonio García. "Uma formulação em elementos finitos para a análise dinâmica e estática não linear de risers incluindo o contato com o leito do mar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-27052015-144345/.
Full textA total Lagrangian Finite Element Method (FEM) formulation based on positions is applied to achieve the static and dynamic responses of two dimensional risers that touch the seabed. The adapted finite elements to model risers are curved frame elements based on the Reissner kinematics. Risers are cylindrical slender structures used in the offshore industry to transport from the underground mineral resources (gas, petroleum, mud etc) to the platforms or vessels. In the analysis of this kind of structure three problems immediately arise, that are: the determination of the initial static position (catenary) of the riser, its dynamic behavior when subjected to severe loads or displacements at the top (floating platforms or vessels) and the interaction among the riser and the seabed. These problems come from or are worsened by the strong instability resulting from the large rate between the extension and the transverse dimension of the riser. In order to solve the initial position three techniques are developed and compared. The first uses a progressive reduction of the transverse stiffness of the riser, the second applies a direct penalization on the nodal displacements of the riser and the third employs a dynamic solution with mass and damping reduction. The achieved results are compared with the ones available in literature. The developed methodology to apply severe displacements at the top of risers is a smoothing procedure of the first trial position, based on a strategy of remeshing used in fluid-structure interaction analysis. The soil (seabed), with linear or non-linear behavior is represented by distributed springs and their nodal influence is consistently developed. In a general way the introduction of these springs is done penalizing the total potential energy function. The non-linear behavior, commonly used for cohesive and clayey soil, is done by a P-y model that takes into account the initial penetration, the elevation, as well as some cyclical loads established by extreme curves. A moderation technique of penalty is used to improve the convergence of the soil-structure interaction process. In addition to these specific aspects of the thesis, there are implemented actions resulting from floating, selfweight, sea streams, and waive forces. The time integration is performed by the Newmark method. Examples reveal that the developed formulation and the proposed strategies are adequate to model submersed risers in contact with the seabed.
Illacanchi, Guerra Luis Jhonatan. "Estudio de la relación entre el valor normativo y el valor efectivo del coeficiente de reducción de fuerza sísmica “R” para sistemas con predominancia de muros de corte, utilizando procedimientos de análisis estáticos no lineales." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/15367.
Full textÁvila, Haro Jorge Arturo. "Análisis estructural probabilista orientado a evaluación del daño sísmico de edificios de mampostería no reforzada: aplicación a edificios aislados y agregados del distrito del Ensanche de Barcelona." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672307.
Full textA pesar de que la mampostería es uno de los materiales de construcción más antiguos y usados, el número de estudios y datos experimentales existentes, así como la aplicabilidad de sus resultados (i.e. extrapolación), son substancialmente inferiores a aquellos disponibles para materiales mucho más recientes, tales como el hormigón o el acero. Además, actualmente en Europa, un gran número de edificaciones habitacionales pertenecen a tipologías de mampostería. Estas circunstancias justifican el estudio de las características y comportamiento de la mampostería para orientar estudios sobre vulnerabilidad sísmica. En particular, el distrito del Ensanche de Barcelona, en España, presenta un parque urbano de viviendas funcionales compuesto en un 73% por estructuras de mampostería no reforzada, resueltas mediante sistemas de muros de carga, sin ninguna consideración de la acción sísmica y que, en su mayoría, sobrepasan 100 años de vida útil. Estos edificios, característicos de Barcelona, tienen elementos que los diferencian de otras edificaciones de la misma tipología constructiva que pueden encontrarse en otras regiones de Europa: 1) el número de plantas supera significativamente la media, pudiendo encontrar edificios con hasta 10 u 11 niveles; 2) Los edificios comparten paredes medianeras (e.g. laterales), generando con ello entramados de edificios conocidos como agregados; 3) Las propiedades y calidades de los distintos elementos constructivos están estrechamente ligados con los procesos de producción, aún no mecanizados, de la época; 4) El nivel de las técnicas constructivas y la cualificación de la mano de obra eran muy elevados. En este trabajo se han realizado modelos numéricos 3D de configuraciones estructurales aisladas (i.e. edificio individual) y en agregado, de edificios existentes, con la finalidad de determinar y comparar el comportamiento entre las distintas configuraciones estructurales. Los edificios se han modelado incorporando la variabilidad de sus parámetros mecánicos y la demanda sísmica también se ha seleccionado teniendo en cuenta su incertidumbre. El análisis estructural se ha realizado utilizando y comparando diferentes procedimientos de cálculo estático no-lineal y utilizando el análisis dinámico no lineal incremental como referencia. Se ha realizado una discusión comparando los resultados y el grado de confiabilidad de los diferentes procedimientos utilizados en relación con la tipología de edificios de mampostería no reforzada. Se concluye que los métodos simplificados (i.e. estáticos no-lineales) sobrestiman el daño correspondiente a valores bajos de PGA, mientras que lo subestiman para valores elevados de PGA. Utilizando diferentes criterios, e incluyendo la consideración probabilista de las propiedades mecánicas, así como de la demanda sísmica, se ha caracterizado el daño predecible para estas estructuras mediante funciones de fragilidad y matrices e índices de daño y también se aporta un estudio de la correlación entre los parámetros mecánicos y el daño observado, a partir del cual se observa que existe una alta correlación entre los resultados obtenidos y las variables aleatorias seleccionadas, siendo el módulo de Young, E, aquella que presenta los coeficientes de correlación más altos. Las dificultades comunes en cualquier trabajo que involucra muestras de gran tamaño en relación con la cantidad de recursos y tiempos de computación, han sido resueltas mediante el diseño de muestras adecuadas y suficientemente representativas, así como el empleo de métodos y herramientas de cómputo actuales, como lo son el cómputo paralelo y distribuido.
Enginyeria sísmica i dinàmica estructural
"Evaluación del riesgo sísmico en edificios mediante análisis estático no lineal: Aplicación a diversos escenarios sísmicos de Barcelona." Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2006. http://www.tesisenxarxa.net/TDX-0702107-165654/.
Full textRente, Carlos Jorge Trindade da Silva. "Análise estática e dinâmica geometricamente não linear de estruturas atirantadas." Dissertação, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/13321.
Full textRente, Carlos Jorge Trindade da Silva. "Análise estática e dinâmica geometricamente não linear de estruturas atirantadas." Master's thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/13321.
Full textDimas, Tânia dos Santos. "Análise de estruturas de edifícios sujeitas a ações acidentais." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/14018.
Full textFreire, Diogo Donato Catanho. "Avaliação numérica do comportamento sísmico de estruturas de betão armado." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/741.
Full textTaquenho, Isabel Maria Daun e. Lorena Mattos. "Avaliação do comportamento sísmico de um edifício Pombalino reforçado." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/23400.
Full textSimão, Ricardo José Luís. "Avaliação do desempenho sísmico de edifício antigo em Lisboa." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/29601.
Full textFerreira, José Paulo Fonseca. "Ensaios virtuais à rotura em estruturas de betão armado com base em modelo BIM." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/71059.
Full textEste trabalho teve como objetivo utilizar a informação detalhada providenciada por modelo BIM de Estruturas de Betão Armado (incluindo a representação tridimensional de geometria do betão e de todas as armaduras), como base para interoperabilidade com programa de análise não-linear para avaliação do comportamento da estrutura num ensaio virtual à rotura. O objetivo último é proporcionar uma metodologia de verificação de erros/omissões no projeto de estruturas, através de informação sobre a carga última e modo de rotura. Na metodologia proposta, o utilizador não tem que dar mais informação para além daquela que é suficiente em contexto da submissão do projeto de estruturas. O modelo de cálculo é gerado de forma automática e a análise é efetuada (com modelos constitutivos simplificados aptos a permitir tempos de análise curtos e sem problemas de convergência na análise não linear) sem limitar a capacidade em fornecer estimativas verosímeis da carga e mecanismo de rotura da estrutura. Para dar resposta a este desafio, foram considerados dois aspetos principais: (i) a inexistência de metodologias de interoperabilidade entre um programa informático BIM e um programa informático de cálculo com elementos finitos para análise não-linear estática; e (ii) a inerente complexidade da análise não-linear estática, não dominada normalmente no contexto de projetistas de estruturas, e frequentemente requerendo tempos de análise de resultados muito demorados (para além dos longos tempos de cálculo e dificuldades nos processos de convergência). A metodologia proposta foi implementada em Autodesk REVIT (para modelação BIM) e DIANA (para análise nãolinear estática dos modelos de simulação da estrutura). A implementação, teste e validação foram efetuados com recurso inicial a uma viga em betão armado, para a qual foram simuladas várias formas de rotura e, posteriormente, recorrendo a uma estrutura porticada, na qual foram também estudadas simulações de erros de modelação/projeto. As demonstrações de viabilidade atingidas permitiram confirmar que a realização de ensaios virtuais à rotura de estruturas de betão armado, a partir de modelos BIM, é viável, apesar de serem ainda necessários desenvolvimentos adicionais para melhoria da robustez da deteção de problemas de projeto.
The purpose of this work was to use detailed information provided by the Structural Reinforced Concrete BIM model (including the three-dimensional representation of concrete geometry and of all the reinforcements), as a foundation for the interoperability with a non-linear analysis program to evaluate the behaviour’s structure in a virtual trial to rupture. The final purpose is to supply a verifying methodology of mistakes/omissions in the structural project, through information about the ultimate load and rupture manner. In the suggested methodology, the user only needs to deliver the essential information on structural project submission’s context. The model design is automatically generated, and the accomplished analysis made with simplified constitutive models, able to allow short analysis times (without convergence difficulties on the non-linear analysis), with no limitations on the ability to provide a reasonable estimation of the loads and of the structural rupture mechanism. Two primordial aspects were considered to accomplish this challenge: (i) the inexistence of interoperability methodologies between a BIM software and a finite element design program for nonlinear static analysis; and (ii) the inherent complexity of the non-linear static analysis, normally not mastered in the context of structural designers, and frequently requiring very long time on result analysis (besides the spent time on analysis and the difficulties of the convergence processes). The suggested methodology was implemented in Autodesk REVIT (for BIM representation) and DIANA (for non-linear static analysis of the structural models). The implementation, test and validation were initially executed on a reinforced concrete beam, which was subjected to several rupture manners, and after on a framed structure, where representation/project simulated mistakes were studied. The viability demonstrations attained allowed to confirm that the accomplishment of virtual trials of reinforced concrete structures subject to rupture with BIM models are viable. However, additional developments are essential to improve the efficiency on the detection of project’s issues.
Carvalho, Cristiano Daniel Ferreira. "Simulação numérica e verificação experimental do comportamento elástoplástico de espumas metálicas." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/22706.
Full textEsta dissertação de mestrado analisa o comportamento elásto-plástico de espumas metálicas à compressão, através do estudo numérico e da verificação experimental. No estado da arte são apresentados vários processos de fabrico de espumas metálicas, são apresentadas algumas propriedades mecânicas e físicas das espumas metálicas e alguns estudos numéricos realizados a espumas deste tipo. Foram realizados ensaios experimentais de tração a provetes com o mesmo material utilizado nas espumas, que possibilita delinear o perfil deste material através de uma curva tensão-extensão. Ensaiou-se, experimentalmente, os dois tipos de espumas metálicas utilizadas no estudo, com e sem parede, permitindo uma análise comparativa entre os resultados obtidos numericamente e os obtidos experimentalmente. Para determinar o comportamento mecânico das espumas metálicas numericamente, foi utilizado o software de elementos finitos Ansys Workbench, na opção de estudos estruturais estáticos, permitindo definir a curva carga-deslocamento para cada espuma, analisar a rigidez e energia de deformação de cada espuma e comparar estes parâmetros com os obtidos nos ensaios experimentais. Finalmente, é realizado, também, uma análise comparativa, para um tipo de espuma em estudo, entre dois programas: Ansys Workbench e CosmosWorks.
This Master Thesis analysis the elastic-plastic behavior of metal foams in compression threw the numerical study and experimental validation. In the state of the art, it’s presented several manufacturing processes of metal foams, their mechanical and physical properties and some numerical studies made to them. Experimental traction tests were made to specimens manufactured in the same material used in the metallic foams with the intention of defining a tension-extension curve. It was tested the two types of metal foams used in the study, with and without wall, permitting a comparative analyses between the results obtained numerically and experimentally. To determine the mechanical behavior of the foams in the numerical analysis, it was used the finite elements software Ansys Workbench, using the “Static Structural” option. This permitted to define the load-displacement curve to each, to analyze the rigidity and energy of deformation of foams and compare these parameters with those obtained from experimental tests. Finally, it is also performed a comparative analysis for a foam type under consideration, between two programs: Ansys Workbench and CosmosWorks.
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - Projeto PTDC/EME-PME/115668/2009
Tavares, João André Curralo. "Simulação numérica do comportamento ao impacto de estruturas utilizadas em segurança rodoviária." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/22686.
Full textEsta dissertação de mestrado aborda a temática das barreiras de segurança rodoviária, com especial foco na viga central (rail) que as compõe. É apresentado um estado da arte composto por diversas informações relativas à composição base destes sistemas de segurança, bem como alguns estudos efetuados na área com recurso a softwares de análise. Com o intuito de estudar o comportamento plástico da viga, foi utilizado o programa Ansys Workbench na sua componente de estudos estruturais estáticos. De forma a validar a utilização deste programa, procedeu-se a um ensaio experimental a dois rails nas instalações da Universidade do Minho, ensaio esse posteriormente simulado em Workbench, com dados obtidos de ensaios de tração de provetes retirados de um terceiro rail. As informações recolhidas dos ensaios de tração possibilitaram delinear o perfil do material utilizado para o fabrico viga, e posterior tratamento da sua curva tensãoextensão. Na fase final da dissertação o Ansys Workbench é utilizado para o estudo das implicações da alteração do expoente de encruamento do material na deformação plástica da viga.
This master degree dissertation addresses the theme of safety road barriers, with special emphasis on the central beam of the system. The state of the art is presented with several information regarding the basic composition of these safety systems, as well as some studies in the area where simulation software has been used. To study the plastic behavior of the beam, Ansys Workbench was used in its static structural studies component. In order to validate the use of this software, an experimental test was conducted in the University of Minho installations. This test was then simulated in Workbench, coupled with data retrieved from several tensile tests done to specimens retrieved from a third rail. The data collected from the tensile tests led to the properties profile of the material used during the manufacturing of the beam, stress-strain curve included. In the final section of this dissertation, Ansys Workbench is used to study what implications the change in the work hardening exponent has on the plastic deformation of the beam.
Silva, Bruno Alexandre Esperança Sepúlveda da. "Optimização do comportamento dos sistemas de ligação nas barreiras de protecção das estradas." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/21708.
Full textA presente tese de mestrado expõe o estado da arte das barreiras de protecção rodoviária, com incidência mais profunda nas barreiras metálicas mais usuais, área de estudo deste trabalho. De modo a executar uma análise fidedigna, é descrita previamente a curva do material, obtida experimentalmente, que posteriormente é tratada de modo a obter a curva verdadeira do material para introdução no programa. As análises executadas são de cariz estático, estudando de forma individual estes dois elementos. Como se pretende verificar o comportamento plástico das mesmas, o estudo numérico recorre ao programa ANSYS que permite o estudo não-linear e plástico nas suas análises. Neste trabalho são executadas análises das ligações (prumo e espaçador) das barreiras de protecção rodoviária com vista ao entendimento do seu comportamento de deformação, comparando dois tipos de perfis, o UPN120 e o C125, retirando por fim as equações que descrevem o comportamento das diferentes estruturas, de modo a poder aplicar as análises numéricas a casos reais de colisão.
The present master degree dissertation exhibits the state of the art of the road safety barriers with special focus in the most usual metallic barriers, subject area of this work. In order to perform a realistic analysis, it is done an experimental test to obtain the stress-strain curve, which will be treated so the true stress-strain curve can be obtained in order to introduce it in the software. The analyses performed are static, and the two structures are independently analysed. In order to study the plastic behaviour in these structures, this work uses software that allows the non-linear and plastic behaviour in its analyses, the ANSYS. In this work are performed connection analyses (post and spacer) of the road safety barriers in order to understand their deformation behaviour, comparing the two post types, the UPN120 and the C125, achieving the final formulation that describes its behaviour, in order to able to apply that formulation in real crash cases.