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Journal articles on the topic 'Analog electronic systems'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Alekhin, V. A. "Designing Electronic Systems Using SystemC and SystemC–AMS." Russian Technological Journal 8, no. 4 (August 6, 2020): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2500-316x-2020-8-4-79-95.

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Current trends in the design of electronic systems is the use of embedded systems based on systems on a chip (System-on-Chip (SoC)) or (VLSI SoC). The paper discusses the design features of electronic systems on a chip using the SystemC design and verification language. For the joint design and simulation of digital systems hardware and software, seven modeling levels are presented and discussed: executable specification, disabled functional model, temporary functional model, transaction-level model, behavioral hardware model, accurate hardware model, register transfer model. The SystemC design methodology with functional verification is presented, which reduces development time.The architecture of the SystemC language and its main components are shown. The expansion of SystemC–AMS for analog and mixed analog-digital signals and its use cases in the design of electronic systems are considered. Computing models are discussed: temporary data stream (TDF), linear signal stream (LSF) and electric linear networks (ELN). The architecture of the SystemC–AMS language standard is shown and examples of its application are given. It is shown that the design languages SystemC and SystemC–AMS are widely used by leading developers of computer-aided design systems for electronic devices.

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2

Mattiussi, Claudio, Daniel Marbach, Peter Dürr, and Dario Floreano. "The Age of Analog Networks." AI Magazine 29, no. 3 (September 6, 2008): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v29i3.2156.

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A large class of systems of biological and technological relevance can be described as analog networks, that is, collections of dynamical devices interconnected by links of varying strength. Some examples of analog networks are genetic regulatory networks, metabolic networks, neural networks, analog electronic circuits, and control systems. Analog networks are typically complex systems which include nonlinear feedback loops and possess temporal dynamics at different time scales. Both the synthesis and reverse engineering of analog networks are recognized as knowledge-intensive activities, for which few systematic techniques exist. In this paper we will discuss the general relevance of the analog network concept and describe an evolutionary approach to the automatic synthesis and the reverse engineering of analog networks. The proposed approach is called analog genetic encoding (AGE) and realizes an implicit genetic encoding of analog networks. AGE permits the evolution of human-competitive solutions to real-world analog network design and identification problems. This is illustrated by some examples of application to the design of electronic circuits, control systems, learning neural architectures, and the reverse engineering of biological networks.

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3

Castello, Rinaldo, and Andrea Baschirotto. "Analog blocks in telecommunications systems." Annales Des Télécommunications 48, no. 7-8 (July 1993): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02995467.

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4

Al-Suod, Mahmoud, Abdullah Eial Awwad, Alaa Al-Quteimat, and Oleksandr Ushkarenko. "Method for describing signal conversion processes in analog electronic systems." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i1.3545.

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One of the main tasks of information technology is to improve existing and develop new methods for formal recording of various dynamic logical operations of analog and digital signal conversion in electronic control systems, acquisition, and processing of information. The stage of formal recording of any signal transformation process must be presented in the form of analytic symbols, the sequence of which must form a fully functional mathematical model. The improved method of the signals conversion processes description based on a representation of the mathematical models of the electronic circuits’ components in the grapho-analytical form with the increased information content allows integrating the developed models of electronic circuit elements with object-oriented programming language in the form of functional structures. It opens the way to perform parametric analysis of circuits and other tasks, related to the modeling of electronic systems.

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5

OKUBO, NAOFUMI. "Notice the Analog Circuit Technology. RF Systems Need Analog Circuit Technologies." Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 118, no. 7/8 (1998): 422–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejjournal.118.422.

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6

OKAMOTO, HIROSHI. "Notice the Analog Circuit Technology. Largest Analog Circuit-Electric Power Systems." Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 118, no. 7/8 (1998): 426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejjournal.118.426.

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7

López, Alberto, Francisco Ferrero, José Ramón Villar, and Octavian Postolache. "High-Performance Analog Front-End (AFE) for EOG Systems." Electronics 9, no. 6 (June 11, 2020): 970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9060970.

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Electrooculography is a technique for measuring the corneo-retinal standing potential of the human eye. The resulting signal is called the electrooculogram (EOG). The primary applications are in ophthalmological diagnosis and in recording eye movements to develop simple human–machine interfaces (HCI). The electronic circuits for EOG signal conditioning are well known in the field of electronic instrumentation; however, the specific characteristics of the EOG signal make a careful electronic design necessary. This work is devoted to presenting the most important issues related to the design of an EOG analog front-end (AFE). In this respect, it is essential to analyze the possible sources of noise, interference, and motion artifacts and how to minimize their effects. Considering these issues, the complete design of an AFE for EOG systems is reported in this work.

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8

Kaminska, B., and B. Courtois. "Mixed Analog and Digital Systems." IEEE Design & Test of Computers 13, no. 2 (1996): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mdt.1996.500195.

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9

Purcaru, Dorina, and Anca Purcaru. "PC104 Interface Recommended for High Speed Data Acquisition Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 332 (July 2013): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.332.119.

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The interface presented in this paper performs a synchronized sampling of all eight common-mode or differential analog inputs with a high sampling rate. This is a low cost interface, entirely controlled by the PC104 CPU. The paper is focused on design and operation aspects of the synchronized analog-to-digital conversion module. This interface is recommended for high speed data acquisition systems and finds its utility in energetic systems, for monitoring the power quality and for recording different specific transient events. Some programmable electronic modules which perform analog and digital signal acquisition in energetic systems already contain a PC104 interface with synchronized sampling of analog inputs; some experimental results are also presented in this paper.

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10

Kumar Y, L. V. Santosh. "Design and Implementation of SAR-ADC for Medical Electronic Applications." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8, no. 5 (June 2, 2018): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v8i5.665.

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in today’s advance electronic and communication systems the role of high accuracy analog to digital converters are of great importance. Nowadays, a larger percentage of mixed-signal applications requires for health care systems. Also the speed of the chosen ADC design matters a lot as we are connected with the real world signals. SAR based ADC will provides us a better solution for various analog to digital systems. It is an essential device whenever data from the analog world, through sensors or transducers, should be digitally processed or when transmitting data between chips through either long-range wireless links or high-speed transmission between chips on the same printed circuit board. The paper projects up down and ring counter as a logic for successive approximation register (SAR logic for a ADC that is one of the best suited for low power. Here the resolution is of 4-bit and a power consumption of few milli watts. SAR ADC is implemented in 45 nm nano-meter scaling technology CMOS technology with a power supply of 0.5v by maintaining 4:1 w/l ratio.

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11

MATSUZAWA, A. "Analog IC Technologies for Future Wireless Systems." IEICE Transactions on Electronics E89-C, no. 4 (April 1, 2006): 446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ietele/e89-c.4.446.

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12

Bilski, Piotr, and Jacek Wojciechowski. "Artificial intelligence methods in diagnostics of analog systems." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 24, no. 2 (June 26, 2014): 271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amcs-2014-0020.

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Abstract The paper presents the state of the art and advancement of artiﬁcial intelligence methods in analog systems diagnostics. Firstly, the diagnostic domain is introduced and its problems explained. Then, computational intelligence approaches usable for fault detection and identiﬁcation are reviewed. Particular groups of methods are presented in detail, explaining their usefulness and drawbacks. Examples, such as the induction motor or the electronic ﬁlter, are provided to show the applicability of the presented approaches for monitoring the state of analog objects from engineering domains. The discussion section reviews the presented approaches, their future prospects and problems to be solved.

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13

Ontañón-García, L. J., E. Campos-Cantón, and R. Femat. "Analog Electronic Implementation of a Class of Hybrid Dissipative Dynamical System." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 26, no. 01 (January 2016): 1650018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127416500188.

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An analog electronic implementation by means of operational amplifiers of a class of hybrid dissipative systems in [Formula: see text] is presented. The switching systems have two unstable hyperbolic focus-saddle equilibria with the same stability index, a positive real eigenvalue and a pair of complex conjugated eigenvalues with negative real part. The analog circuit generates signals that oscillate in an attractor located between the two unstable equilibria, and may present saturation states at the moment of energizing it, i.e. if the initial voltage on the capacitors do not belong to the basin of attraction the circuit will end on a saturation state.

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14

Rujzl, Miroslav, Ladislav Polak, and Jiri Petrzela. "Hybrid Analog Computer for Modeling Nonlinear Dynamical Systems: The Complete Cookbook." Sensors 23, no. 7 (March 30, 2023): 3599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23073599.

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This paper describes a design process for a universal development kit based on an analog computer concept that can model the dynamics of an arbitrarily complex dynamical system up to the fourth order. The constructed development kit contains digital blocks and associated analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters (ADCs and DAC), such that multiple-segmented piecewise-linear input–output characteristics can be used for the synthesis of the prescribed mathematical model. Polynomial input–output curves can be implemented easily by four-quadrant analog multipliers. The proposed kit was verified through several experimental scenarios, starting with simple sinusoidal oscillators and ending with generators of continuous-time robust chaotic attractors. The description of each individual part of the development kit is accompanied by links to technical documentation, allowing skilled readers in the construction of electronic systems to replicate the proposed functional example. For this purpose, the electrical scheme of the hybrid analog computer and all important source codes are available online.

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15

Piccirilli, Maria Cristina, and Antonio Luchetta. "Diagnosis in Analog Electronic Circuits, Electrical Power Systems and Smart Grids." Electronics 11, no. 13 (June 27, 2022): 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11132008.

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16

Roitman, M., E. H. Watanabe, and F. J. Lyra. "Power systems analog simulation enhancement using a new programmable electronic model." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 4, no. 1 (1989): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.32490.

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17

Chen, Hongyang, Chunyan Hu, Bo Han, and Keqiang Miao. "A Method of Diagnosing Analog Circuit Soft Faults Using Boruta Features and LightGBM." Electronics 13, no. 6 (March 19, 2024): 1123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13061123.

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Modern electronic power systems rely heavily on analog circuits. The accurate detection of analog circuit faults, especially soft faults, is of great significance for the maintenance and inspection of electronic systems. This paper proposes the application of the Boruta feature selection method to the field of the soft fault diagnosis of analog circuits to screen out low-dimensional and efficient feature components from the high-dimensional time-domain statistical features and frequency-domain features of circuit responses. Then, the feature components are used as the input to train the LightGBM classification model, and the Bayesian optimization method is introduced to optimize the model’s hyperparameters. Finally, the trained fault diagnosis model is verified in two typical experimental circuits, and satisfactory accuracy is obtained.

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18

Rao, Raghu, and Babak Daneshrad. "Analog Impairments in MIMO-OFDM Systems." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 5, no. 12 (December 2006): 3382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2006.256960.

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19

Hu, Han-Ping, Xiao-Hui Liu, and Fei-Long Xie. "Design and Implementation of Autonomous and Non-Autonomous Time-Delay Chaotic System Based on Field Programmable Analog Array." Entropy 21, no. 5 (April 26, 2019): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21050437.

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Time-delay chaotic systems can have hyperchaotic attractors with large numbers of positive Lyapunov exponents, and can generate highly stochastic and unpredictable time series with simple structures, which is very suitable as a secured chaotic source in chaotic secure communications. But time-delay chaotic systems are generally designed and implemented by using analog circuit design techniques. Analog implementations require a variety of electronic components and can be difficult and time consuming. At this stage, we can now solve this question by using FPAA (Field-Programmable Analog Array). FPAA is a programmable device for implementing multiple analog functions via dynamic reconfiguration. In this paper, we will introduce two FPAA-based design examples: An autonomous Ikeda system and a non-autonomous Duffing system, to show how a FPAA device is used to design programmable analog time-delay chaotic systems and analyze Shannon entropy and Lyapunov exponents of time series output by circuit and simulation systems.

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20

Zhao, Sihan. "Design and implementation of a preset operational amplifier based on basic digital and analog hybrid circuit." Applied and Computational Engineering 38, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/38/20230539.

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In the vast landscape of electronic engineering, the indispensable roles of both analog and digital circuits are unequivocally recognized. Analog circuits, with their foundational principles, are extensively harnessed in areas encompassing audio, video, power systems, and particularly, amplifiers. Conversely, digital circuits, integral to modern-day technological advancements, are dominantly present in computing platforms, telecommunication systems, control mechanisms, and data storage infrastructures. Amplifiers, a cornerstone in analog circuit designs, principally focus on magnifying the amplitude of input signals, whether it be in terms of voltage or current. This amplification process hinges on the strategic configuration of electronic elements such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors. This paper endeavors to marry the attributes of digital and analog circuits. Through the adept utilization of fundamental electronic components, an innovative amplifier design capable of preset amplification ratios is birthed. The practicality and efficacy of this amplifier are rigorously validated via its hands-on assembly and experimental testing in a laboratory setting. Results consistently underscore the amplifiers adeptness in delivering precise signal amplification, conforming to its predetermined ratios. Such a design, rooted in its simplicity yet offering profound versatility, beckons further exploration. It stands as a beacon for potential future adaptions, tailored to suit a gamut of applications, and is poised to seamlessly dovetail into more sophisticated circuit systems.

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21

Dieste-Velasco, M. Isabel. "Application of a Fuzzy Inference System for Optimization of an Amplifier Design." Mathematics 9, no. 17 (September 5, 2021): 2168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9172168.

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Simulation programs are widely used in the design of analog electronic circuits to analyze their behavior and to predict the response of a circuit to variations in the circuit components. A fuzzy inference system (FIS) in combination with these simulation tools can be applied to identify both the main and interaction effects of circuit parameters on the response variables, which can help to optimize them. This paper describes an application of fuzzy inference systems to modeling the behavior of analog electronic circuits for further optimization. First, a Monte Carlo analysis, generated from the tolerances of the circuit components, is performed. Once the Monte Carlo results are obtained for each of the response variables, the fuzzy inference systems are generated and then optimized using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. These fuzzy inference systems are used to determine the influence of the circuit components on the response variables and to select them to optimize the amplifier design. The methodology proposed in this study can be used as the basis for optimizing the design of similar analog electronic circuits.

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22

Purcaru, Anca, Dorina Mioara Purcaru, and Ioan Mircea Gordan. "Data Acquisition and Processing Method Adequate for High Speed Transient Electrical Events." Applied Mechanics and Materials 772 (July 2015): 541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.772.541.

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Many programmable electronic modules for data acquisition and processing can be found in power systems. To monitor and record different specific high speed transient events in energetic systems, an adequate data acquisition and processing method is required. This paper deals with such method and its application in data acquisition for implementation of complex protection functions. The acquisition routine for analog and digital channels, detailed acquisition and storing process for analog and digital values, storing and calculation method for acquired digital and analog values are all presented. The proposed method is adequate for many and various practical applications which require high speed data acquisition systems.

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23

Alraho, Senan, Qummar Zaman, Hamam Abd, and Andreas König. "Integrated Sensor Electronic Front-Ends with Self-X Capabilities." Chips 1, no. 2 (August 12, 2022): 83–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chips1020008.

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The ongoing vivid advance in integration technologies is giving leverage both to computing systems as well as to sensors and sensor systems. Both conventional computing systems as well as innovative computing systems, e.g., following bio-inspiration from nervous systems or neural networks, require efficient interfacing to an increasing diversity of sensors under the constraints of metrology. The realization of sufficiently accurate, robust, and flexible analog front-ends (AFE) is decisive for the overall application system and quality and requires substantial design expertise both for cells in System-on-Chip (SoC) or chips in System-in-Package (SiP) realizations. Adding robustness and flexibility to sensory systems, e.g., for Industry 4.0., by self-X or self-* features, e.g., self-monitoring, -trimming, or -healing (AFEX) approaches the capabilities met in living beings and is pursued in our research. This paper summarizes on two chips, denoted as Universal-Sensor-Interface-with-self-X-properties (USIX) based on amplitude representation and reports on recently identified challenges and corresponding advanced solutions, e.g., on circuit assessment as well as observer robustness for classic amplitude-based AFE, and transition activities to spike domain representation spiking-analog-front-ends with self-X properties (SAFEX) based on adaptive spiking electronics as the next evolutionary step in AFE development. Key cells for AFEX and SAFEX have been designed in XFAB xh035 CMOS technology and have been subject to extrinsic optimization and/or adaptation. The submitted chip features 62,921 transistors, a total area of 10.89 mm2 (74% analog, 26% digital), and 66 bytes of the configuration memory. The prepared demonstrator will allow intrinsic optimization and/or adaptation for the developed technology agnostic concepts and chip instances. In future work, confirmed cells will be moved to complete versatile and robust AFEs, which can serve both for conventional as well as innovative computing systems, e.g., spiking neurocomputers, as well as to leading-edge technologies to serve in SOCs.

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24

Spector, Steven, and Cheryl Sorace-Agaskar. "Silicon photonics devices for integrated analog signal processing and sampling." Nanophotonics 3, no. 4-5 (August 1, 2014): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2013-0036.

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AbstractSilicon photonics offers the possibility of a reduction in size weight and power for many optical systems, and could open up the ability to build optical systems with complexities that would otherwise be impossible to achieve. Silicon photonics is an emerging technology that has already been inserted into commercial communication products. This technology has also been applied to analog signal processing applications. MIT Lincoln Laboratory in collaboration with groups at MIT has developed a toolkit of silicon photonic devices with a focus on the needs of analog systems. This toolkit includes low-loss waveguides, a high-speed modulator, ring resonator based filter bank, and all-silicon photodiodes. The components are integrated together for a hybrid photonic and electronic analog-to-digital converter. The development and performance of these devices will be discussed. Additionally, the linear performance of these devices, which is important for analog systems, is also investigated.

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25

Acho, Leonardo. "A random signal generator by using analog electronics." Cybernetics and Physics, Volume 10, 2021, Number 1 (June 30, 2021): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35470/2226-4116-2021-10-1-5-8.

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The describing function theory is a powerful mathematical tool to predict oscillations in non-linear dynamical systems. This theory is here invoked to design a random signal generator and realized by using analog electronic elements. Then, and according to experimental results, histograms of the resultant signal are shown along with the generated signal in the time domain. Finally, the proposed electronic circuit is simple and cheap to construct.

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26

Purcaru, Dorina, Cornelia Gordan, Romulus Reiz, and Anca Purcaru. "PC104 Interface Recommended for High Speed Data Acquisition Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 325-326 (June 2013): 926–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.325-326.926.

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The interface presented in this paper is recommended for high speed data acquisition systems; it performs a synchronized sampling of all common-mode or differential analog inputs with a high sampling rate. This is a low cost interface, entirely controlled by the PC104 CPU. Programmable electronic modules that contain such PC104 interfaces can be found running in the energetic system from Romania; these dedicated equipments perform the analog and digital signal acquisition for monitoring and recording different specific transient events. Some experimental results obtained using the disturbance monitoring device PC-08/104 are also presented in this paper.

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27

KILIC, RECAI. "UNIVERSAL PROGRAMMABLE CHAOS GENERATOR: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 20, no. 02 (February 2010): 419–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812741002551x.

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Chaos generators are generally designed and implemented by using analog circuit design techniques. Analog implementations require a variety of circuitry that comprises different passive and active electronic components like individual op-amps, comparators, analog multipliers, trigonometric function generators. Anyone who wants to experimentally investigate different structurally chaotic systems has to provide a significant amount of circuit hardware. This process may be hard and time consuming. At this stage, the question to be asked: Is there a unique analog component for implementing a universal analog chaos generator which is capable of generating the chaotic signals of nearly all analog-based chaotic systems. Fortunately, we can now answer this question positively. This analog device is FPAA (Field-Programmable Analog Array). FPAA is the analog equivalent of the FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) used as programmable device in digital signal processing. FPAA is a programmable device for implementing a rich variety of systems including analog functions via dynamic reconfiguration. FPAA can be configured in real time which allows the designers to modify the design or make completely new design in real time. In this paper, we aim to show how FPAA device can be used as universal device for design and implementation of programmable analog chaos generators. For this purpose, we will introduce three FPAA-based design examples: autonomous Chua's circuit, nonautonomous MLC (Murali–Lakshmanan–Chua) circuit and a chaotic system based on a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) model.

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28

Czaja, Z. "A self-testing method of large analog circuits in electronic embedded systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 238 (July 1, 2010): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/238/1/012013.

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29

Ontañón-García, L. J., and R. E. Lozoya-Ponce. "Analog Electronic Implementation of Unstable Dissipative Systems of Type I with Multi-Scrolls Displaced Along Space." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 27, no. 06 (June 15, 2017): 1750093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127417500936.

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Multi-scroll Unstable Dissipative Systems (UDS) in [Formula: see text] which consist of piecewise linear systems are implemented electronically by means of analog computing. The scrolling behavior of the systems can be designed to oscillate along a specific axis or into space depending on the unstable and stable manifolds. In order for a multi-scroll attractor, this switching system must present at least two unstable hyperbolic focus-saddle equilibria with the same stability index, a negative real eigenvalue and a pair of complex conjugated eigenvalues with positive real part. Then, to displace the scrolls among the axes and space different switching control laws must be designed. By taking into consideration the mathematical expressions of the switching systems, the electronic implementations are carried out by means of operational amplifiers representing the real analog physical solution of the systems, from which the voltage is measured representing the states solution.

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Bilski, Piotr, and Jacek M. Wojciechowski. "Rough-Sets-Based Reduction for Analog Systems Diagnostics." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 60, no. 3 (March 2011): 880–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2010.2060225.

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31

Kreuzer, Manfred. "Measuring electronics evolve from analog amplifier systems to highly integrated transducer electronics." Measurement 13, no. 4 (July 1994): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0263-2241(94)90057-4.

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32

Ohme, Bruce W., and Mark R. Larson. "Analog Component Development for 300°C Sensor Interface Applications." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, HITEC (January 1, 2012): 000199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/hitec-2012-wp11.

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The development of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) for base-load electrical power generation will require electronics for sensing and control during exploration and drilling and also during production. The operating temperature environments for these applications will generally be more extreme than those encountered by electronics currently deployed for oil and gas development and production monitoring. To address this requirement, electronic components have been designed and fabricated for operation at temperatures of 300°C. These integrated circuits use silicon-on-insulator (SOI) fabrication processes to achieve high temperature operation. High-fidelity simulation models have been developed by characterization of SOI devices at 300°C. These device models were employed to design components required for the development of a down-hole orientation module. A wide-bandwidth, low-noise operational amplifier has been developed for use with MEMS accelerometer sensors. A multi-channel synchronous voltage-to-frequency converter with built-in reference and oscillators has also been developed for use with 3-axis flux-gate magnetometers. The components themselves are general purpose and could easily be used for other high-temperature sensor-interface applications. .

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33

FRITZ, KARL E., BARBARA A. RANDALL, GREGG J. FOKKEN, MICHAEL J. DEGERSTROM, MICHAEL J. LORSUNG, JASON F. PRAIRIE, ERIC L. H. AMUNDSEN, et al. "HIGH-SPEED, LOW-POWER DIGITAL AND ANALOG CIRCUITS IMPLEMENTED IN IBM SiGe BiCMOS TECHNOLOGY." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 13, no. 01 (March 2003): 221–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156403001582.

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Under the auspices of Defense Advanced Research Project Agency's Microsystems Technology Office (DARPA/MTO) Low Power Electronics Program, the Mayo Foundation Special Purpose Processor Development Group is exploring ways to reduce circuit power consumption, while maintaining or increasing functionality, for existing military systems. Applications presently being studied include all-digital radar receivers, electronic warfare receivers, and other types of digital signal processors. One of the integrated circuit technologies currently under investigation to support such military systems is the IBM Corporation silicon germanium (SiGe) BiCMOS process. In this paper, design methodology, simulations and test results from demonstration circuits developed for these applications and implemented in the IBM SiGe BiCMOS 5HP (50 GHz fT HBTs with 0.5 μm CMOS) and 7HP (120 GHz fT HBTs with 0.18 μm CMOS) technologies will be presented.

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34

Asamoah, F. "Calculation of Forces in Dynamic Mechanical Systems: Driving point Impedance Approach." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 29, no. 3 (July 1992): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099202900308.

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Calculation of forces in dynamic mechanical systems — driving point impedance approach This paper extends the concept of driving point impedance used in analog electronic systems to dynamic mechanical systems. The similarity between the equations and the bus-impedance matrix equations in power systems is pointed out. Examples have been given to demonstrate the application of the method.

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35

Waqas, Maria, Muhammad Khurram, and S. M. Razaul Hasan. "Analog Electronic Circuits to Model Cooperativity in Hill Process." Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 39, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 678–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2004.01.

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In the field of computational biology, electronic modeling of bio-cellular processes is in vogue for about a couple of decades. Fast, efficient and scalable electronic mimetics of recurrently found bio-chemical reactions are expected to provide better electronic circuit simulators that can also be used as bio-sensors or implantable biodevices at cellular levels. This paper presents some possible electronic circuit equivalents to model dynamics of one such bio-chemical reaction commonly involved in many bio-cellular processes, specifically pathways in living cells, known as the Hill process. The distinguishing feature of this process is cooperativity which has been modeled in silicon substrate using a pair of transistors, one transistor driving current in the other the same way ligand binding to one receptor site controls the binding affinity of the other receptor sites. Two possible circuits have been proposed and compared to electronically model cooperativity of a Hill reaction. The main idea is to exploit the natural analogies found between structures and processes of a bio-cell and electronic transistor mechanics, to efficiently model fundamental bio-chemical reactions found recurring in bio-processes. These circuits can then be combined and rearranged quickly to form larger, more complex bio-networks, thus mitigating the intricacies involved in modeling of such systems.

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ITOH, MAKOTO. "SYNTHESIS OF ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS FOR SIMULATING NONLINEAR DYNAMICS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 11, no. 03 (March 2001): 605–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127401002341.

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In this paper, we present a unified approach for synthesizing nonlinear circuits. That is, we synthesize electronic circuits for simulating nonlinear dynamics. One advantage of our approach is that we can directly synthesize nonlinear circuits from ordinary differential equations. A large variety of chaotic nonlinear systems (Chua's circuit, hyperchaotic system, Lorenz system, Rössler system, etc.) are realized by using several analog circuit elements.

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TANIMOTO, HIROSHI. "Notice the Analog Circuit Technology. Analog Circuit-A Key Technology for Low-Voltage, Low-Power Systems." Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 118, no. 7/8 (1998): 418–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejjournal.118.418.

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N. Ezema, Chukwuedozie, Chukwuebuka B. Umezinwa, and Ernest O. Nonum. "Microcontroller-Based Optical Displacement Weighing Scale." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 4, no. 3 (2016): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.431606.

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Electronic weighing systems are used in industries and business establishments for weighing and segregating materials accurately for process scales. Thus, the aim of this research is to design and implement a microcontroller based optical displacement weighing scale. The electronic weighing system comprises the basic load cell suitable signal conditioners and output recorders/indicators giving both the analog and digital output for further processing. The signals from the load cell are amplified and fed to analog/digital converter, which provide an output in the digital format for display printing/processing etc. The strain gauge based load cell is the most popular weight transducer used in the electronic weighing system.

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Barraj, Imen, Hassen Mestiri, and Mohamed Masmoudi. "Overview of Memristor-Based Design for Analog Applications." Micromachines 15, no. 4 (April 7, 2024): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15040505.

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Memristor-based design has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential to revolutionize various fields such as artificial intelligence, neuromorphic computing, non-volatile memory, signal processing, filtering, and radio frequency design. These emerging devices offer unique advantages such as non-volatile memory, low power consumption, and a high integration density. Their scalability and compatibility with existing fabrication processes make them an attractive option for industry adoption, paving the way for faster and more efficient architecture design. Researchers are actively exploring ways to optimize memristor technology for practical applications to harness its full potential. This includes developing novel materials and structures as well as improving the reliability and performance of memristors in various applications. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current advancements in memristor technology and their potential impact on the design of future electronic systems, focusing on its applications in the analog domain. By exploring the latest research and development in this field, researchers can gain valuable insights into how analog memristors can be integrated into their designs to achieve enhanced performance and efficiency. The paper delves into the fundamental principles of memristor technology, exploring its unique characteristics and advantages over traditional electronic components. It discusses the potential impact of memristors and challenges in the analog field of electronics, and highlights the progress made in their integration with existing circuitry, enabling novel functionalities and improved performance. Furthermore, it highlights ongoing research efforts to improve the performance and reliability of memristors, as well as the potential limitations and challenges that need to be addressed for widespread adoption, including variability in performance and reliability.

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URAHAMA, KIICHI, and TADASHI YAMADA. "CONSTRAINED POTTS MEAN FIELD SYSTEMS AND THEIR ELECTRONIC IMPLEMENTATION." International Journal of Neural Systems 05, no. 03 (September 1994): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065794000244.

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The Potts mean field approach for solving combinatorial optimization problems subject to winner-takes-all constraints is extended for problems subject to additional constraints. Extra variables corresponding to the Lagrange multipliers are incorporated into the Potts formulation for the additional constraints to be satisfied. The extended Potts equations are solved by using constrained gradient descent differential systems. This gradient system is proven theoretically to always produce a legal local optimum solution of the constrained combinatorial optimization problems. An analog electronic circuit implementing the present method is designed on the basis of the previous Potts electronic circuit. The performance of the present method is theoretically evaluated for the constrained maximum cut problems. The lower bound of the cut size obtained with the present method is proven to be the same as that of the basic Potts scheme for the unconstrained maximum cut problems.

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Nasser, Ahmed R., Ahmad Taher Azar, Amjad J. Humaidi, Ammar K. Al-Mhdawi, and Ibraheem Kasim Ibraheem. "Intelligent Fault Detection and Identification Approach for Analog Electronic Circuits Based on Fuzzy Logic Classifier." Electronics 10, no. 23 (November 23, 2021): 2888. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10232888.

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Analog electronic circuits play an essential role in many industrial applications and control systems. The traditional way of diagnosing failures in such circuits can be an inaccurate and time-consuming process; therefore, it can affect the industrial outcome negatively. In this paper, an intelligent fault diagnosis and identification approach for analog electronic circuits is proposed and investigated. The proposed method relies on a simple statistical analysis approach of the frequency response of the analog circuit and a simple rule-based fuzzy logic classification model to detect and identify the faulty component in the circuit. The proposed approach is tested and evaluated using a commonly used low-pass filter circuit. The test result of the presented approach shows that it can identify the fault and detect the faulty component in the circuit with an average of 98% F-score accuracy. The proposed approach shows comparable performance to more intricate related works.

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Marcondes, D. W. C., G. F. Comassetto, B. G. Pedro, J. C. C. Vieira, A. Hoff, F. Prebianca, C. Manchein, and H. A. Albuquerque. "Extensive Numerical Study and Circuitry Implementation of the Watt Governor Model." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 27, no. 11 (October 2017): 1750175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127417501759.

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In this work we carry out extensive numerical study of a Watt centrifugal governor system model, and we also implement an electronic circuit by analog computation to experimentally solve the model. Our numerical results show the existence of self-organized stable periodic structures (SPSs) on parameter-space of the largest Lyapunov exponent and isospikes of time series of the Watt governor system model. A peculiar hierarchical organization and period-adding bifurcation cascade of the SPSs are observed, and this self-organized cascade accumulates on a periodic boundary. It is also shown that the periods of these structures organize themselves obeying the solutions of Diophantine equations. In addition, an experimental setup is implemented by a circuitry analogy of mechanical systems using analog computing technique to characterize the robustness of our numerical results. After applying an active control of chaos in the experiment, the effect of intrinsic experimental noise was minimized such that, the experimental results are astonishingly well in agreement with our numerical findings. We can also mention as another remarkable result, the application of analog computing technique to perform an experimental circuitry analysis in real mechanical problems.

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Bilski, Piotr, and Jacek M. Wojciechowski. "Automated Diagnostics of Analog Systems Using Fuzzy Logic Approach." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 56, no. 6 (December 2007): 2175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2007.908152.

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O'malley, Mark J., and Annraoi M. De Paor. "Rules for Designing Digital Controllers from their Analog Counterparts." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 31, no. 4 (October 1994): 309–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099403100404.

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Rules for designing digital controllers from their analog counterparts Rules and observations for the design of balanced digital controllers from their analog counterparts are given. A root range technique showing the mapping of analog controller roots into the digital domain is illustrated. The performances of the digital control systems resulting from different emulation techniques are compared.

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ASAI, TETSUYA, BEN DE LACY COSTELLO, and ANDREW ADAMATZKY. "SILICON IMPLEMENTATION OF A CHEMICAL REACTION–DIFFUSION PROCESSOR FOR COMPUTATION OF VORONOI DIAGRAM." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 15, no. 10 (October 2005): 3307–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127405013903.

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Reaction–diffusion (RD) chemical systems are known to realize sensible computation when both data and results of the computation are encoded in concentration profiles of chemical species; the computation is implemented via spreading and interaction of either diffusive or phase waves, while a silicon RD chip is an electronic analog of the chemical RD systems where the concentration profiles of chemicals are represented by voltage distributions on the chip's surface. In this paper, we present a prototype RD chip implementing a chemical RD processor for a well-known NP-complete problem of computational geometry — computation of a Voronoi diagram. We offer experimental results for fabricated RD chips and compare the accuracy of information processing in silicon analogs of RD processors and their experimental "wetware" prototypes.

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Petrzela, Jiri. "Chaos in Analog Electronic Circuits: Comprehensive Review, Solved Problems, Open Topics and Small Example." Mathematics 10, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 4108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10214108.

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This paper strives to achieve a comprehensive review of chaos in analog circuits and lumped electronic networks. Readers will be guided from the beginning of the investigations of simple electronic circuits to the current trends in the research into chaos. The author tries to provide the key references related to this issue, including papers describing modern numerical algorithms capable of localizing chaotic and hyperchaotic motion in complex mathematical models, interesting full on-chip implementations of chaotic systems, possible practical applications of entropic signals, fractional-order chaotic systems and chaotic oscillators with mem-elements.

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Simeu, Emmanuel. "Optimal Detector Design for On-line Testing of Linear Analog Systems." VLSI Design 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2000/92954.

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The design of integrated fault detector for on-line testing of linear analog systems is discussed in this paper. The method consists in a concurrent processing of available the node voltage signals to provide a residual on-line, that carries information about the faults. Contrary to the few previous works dealing with the particular case of state variable analog systems, the method proposed here is useable without limitation for a larger class of linear analog systems, even when the state variables are not available as measurable voltages. For this purpose, an algorithm providing an extended state space model for any linear analog system from its netlist description is developed and implemented.

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Heydeman, Jan. "An Instructional Power Systems Laboratory." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 34, no. 1 (January 1997): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099703400102.

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A real time analog power system simulator for research and teaching has been developed at Delft University of Technology. The simulator consists of 1 swing bus, 7 generators, 2 tap changing transformers, 9 dynamic loads, 12 lines and 12 busbars. Experiments on control of voltage and power-frequency and on steady-state and transient stability are shown.

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WANG, KEH-CHUNG, RANDALL B. NUBLING, KEN PEDROTTI, NENG-HAUNG SHENG, PETER M. ASBECK, KEN POULTON, JOHN CORCORAN, KNUD KNUDSEN, HAN-TZONG YUAN, and CHRISTOPHER CHANG. "AlGaAs/GaAs HBTs FOR ANALOG AND DIGITAL APPLICATIONS." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 05, no. 03 (September 1994): 213–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156494000127.

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AlGaAs/GaAs Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (HBT) technology has emerged as an important IC technology for high performance electronic systems. Many outstanding circuits have been demonstrated as a result of the AlGaAs/GaAs HBTs high speed, high accuracy and its semi-insulating substrate. Several GaAs HBT manufacturing lines have been established; some of which are shipping products. In this paper, we describe AlGaAs/GaAs HBT technology, summarize some key and representative circuits in analog, A/D conversion and digital applications, and provide prospects of GaAs HBT research.

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Raut, R. "Corrections to "Wideband Cmos Transconductor for Analog Vlsi Systems"." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing 44, no. 4 (April 1997): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.1997.566654.

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