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1

Woleński, Jan. "Logical Problems in Analysis of Analogy." Philosophies 4, no. 2 (2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies4020029.

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The paper discusses some logical problems concerning analogy. The traditional understanding of analogy as proportion (proportion) is inadequate, at least if proportionality is taken in mathematical sense. This situation is clear if we considered various special cases of analogy for instance analogia legis and analogia juris. Since analogy assumes a similarity of analogata (items being or investigated) as analogical, a general analysis of analogical relation must begin with the concept of similarity. It can be defined as possessing a common property. This idea is formalized by devices borrowed
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2

Okubo, Yoshiaki, and Makoto Haraguchi. "Attacking Legal Argument by Pointing Out the Incoherence of Interpretation of Statute." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 1, no. 2 (1997): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.1997.p0104.

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This paper presents a computational model for attacking legal arguments. Assume that, for a case with which we are concerned, an opponent side has constructed a legal argument based on analogical interpretation of a statute. In our model, the argument is attacked by pointing out the incoherence of the analogical interpretation of the statute. To examine such incoherence, we create a hypothetical case C' that is similar to the case in question, with the help of a Goal-Dependent Abstraction framework. Intuitively speaking, we create C' based on a similarity that is consistent with the similarity
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3

Corbini, Amos. "Analogia e dimostrazione. Sviluppi nella tradizione medievale degli Analitici secondi." Doctor Virtualis, no. 18 (June 1, 2023): 235–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2035-7362/19491.

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L’articolo analizza il problema dei nessi predicativi analogici nella teoria della dimostrazione di Aristotele, dove essi sono marginali, e i suoi sviluppi nella tradizione esegetica medievale latina del XIII secolo.
 Grossatesta sostiene che la dimostrazione può provare predicati detti analogicamente di soggetti diversi; Kilwardby e dopo di lui ancor più Egidio Romano mostrano che tale scopo è da raggiungere anche attraverso un termine medio connesso analogicamente ai termini estremi. Inoltre, Egidio sostiene in un passo l’esistenza di un ordinamento gerarchico tra le proprietà dimostrat
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4

Kristayulita, K. "Indirect Analogical Reasoning Components." Malikussaleh Journal of Mathematics Learning (MJML) 4, no. 1 (2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/mjml.v4i1.2939.

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If using different instruments obtained a different analogical reasoning component. With use people-piece analogies, verbal analogies, and geometric analogies, have analogical reasoning component consists of encoding, inferring, mapping, and application. Meanwhile, with use analogical problems (algebra, source problem and target problem is equal), have analogical reasoning components consist of structuring, mapping, applying, and verifying. The instrument used was analogical problems consisting of two problems where the source problem was symbolic quadratic equation problem and the target prob
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5

Koterski, Joseph W. "Analogical Possibilities." International Philosophical Quarterly 35, no. 2 (1995): 228–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ipq199535210.

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6

Moleski,, Martin X. "Analogical Possibilities." Tradition and Discovery: The Polanyi Society Periodical 22, no. 1 (1995): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/traddisc1995/199622135.

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7

Apczynski, John V. "Analogical Possibilities." Tradition and Discovery: The Polanyi Society Periodical 22, no. 1 (1995): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/traddisc1995/199622136.

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8

Ross, James. "Analogical Possibilities." American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 71, no. 4 (1997): 638–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/acpq199771429.

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9

Raphals, Lisa. "Analogical Investigations." Australasian Philosophical Review 1, no. 3 (2017): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24740500.2017.1379872.

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10

Zirkler, Dieter, and Gregg Brownell. "Analogical Reasoning:." Computers in the Schools 8, no. 4 (1991): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j025v08n04_12.

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11

Fortman, John J. "Analogical demonstrations." Journal of Chemical Education 69, no. 4 (1992): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed069p323.

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12

Keane, Mark. "Analogical mechanisms." Artificial Intelligence Review 2, no. 4 (1988): 229–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00138817.

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13

Xu, Jiang, Han Lu, and Yu Jiang. "DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BEGINNING AND ADVANCED STUDENTS USING SPECIFIC ANALOGICAL STIMULI DURING DESIGN-BY-ANALOGY." Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (July 27, 2021): 1273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.127.

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AbstractStudies reported the effects of different types and different levels of abstraction of analogical stimuli on designers. However, specific, single visual analogical stimuli on the effects of designers have not been reported. We define this type of stimuli as specific analogical stimuli. We used the extended linkography method to analyze the facilitating and limiting effects of specific analogical stimuli and free association analogical stimuli (nonspecific analogical stimuli) on the students' creativity at different design levels. The results showed that: (1) Advanced students focused o
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14

Liao, Yanlin. "The Distinctiveness Problem of Analogical Arguments." Informal Logic 44, no. 1 (2024): 65–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/il.v44i1.8183.

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The orthodox view holds that analogical arguments are a distinctive type of argument, while the eliminative view and its enhanced variant proposed in this paper contend that analogical arguments can be reducible to non-analogical arguments by eliminating the similarities proposition. This paper shows that the existing defense for the orthodox view fails to tackle the challenge posed by the eliminative view and its enhanced variant. The new defense for the distinctiveness of analogical arguments argues that an analogical argument is composed of both a conductive and principle-based argument. Co
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15

Burns, Bruce D. "Meta-analogical transfer: Transfer between episodes of analogical reasoning." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 22, no. 4 (1996): 1032–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.22.4.1032.

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16

Bendik-Keymer, Jeremy. "Analogical Extension and Analogical Implication in Environmental Moral Philosophy." Philosophy in the Contemporary World 8, no. 2 (2001): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/pcw20018213.

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17

Nuridah, Eka Rahmah, and Mohammad Faizal Amir. "Analogical Reasoning in Solving Indirect Problem-Based Area Problems." Mathline : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika 8, no. 4 (2023): 1305–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31943/mathline.v8i4.470.

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This study aims to identify the stages of students' analogical reasoning in solving indirect problems. The type of research used is qualitative with a case study approach. The participants in this study were 25 fifth-grade students who selected research subjects using purposive techniques that represent each analogical reasoning category based on the analogical reasoning test. Data collection techniques used indirect problem tests and interviews. Data analysis techniques included data reduction, presentation, and verification. The results showed that there were two categories of students' anal
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18

Prade, Henri, and Gilles Richard. "Multiple analogical proportions." AI Communications 34, no. 3 (2022): 211–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/aic-210090.

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Analogical proportions are statements of the form “a is to b as c is to d”, denoted a : b : : c : d, that may apply to any type of items a, b, c, d. Analogical proportions, as a building block for analogical reasoning, is then a tool of interest in artificial intelligence. Viewed as a relation between pairs ( a , b ) and ( c , d ), these proportions are supposed to obey three postulates: reflexivity, symmetry, and central permutation (i.e., b and c can be exchanged). The logical modeling of analogical proportions expresses that a and b differ in the same way as c and d, when the four items are
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19

Cummings, Louise. "Analogical reasoning in public health." Journal of Argumentation in Context 3, no. 2 (2014): 169–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jaic.3.2.04cum.

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Analogical reasoning is a valuable logical resource in a public health context. It is used extensively by public health scientists in risk assessments of new technologies, environmental hazards and infectious diseases. For its part, the public also avails of analogical reasoning when it assesses a range of public health problems. In this article, some of these uses of analogical reasoning in public health are examined. Analogical arguments have courted approval and disapproval in roughly equal measure by a long succession of logicians and philosophers. The logical features of these arguments w
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20

Nippold, Marilyn A., Barbara J. Erskine, and Donald B. Freed. "Proportional and Functional Analogical Reasoning in Normal and Language-Impaired Children." Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 53, no. 4 (1988): 440–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5304.440.

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Teachers often use analogies in classroom settings to clarify new concepts for their students. However, analogies may inadvertently confuse the youngster who has difficulty identifying the one-to-one comparisons underlying them. Although analogical reasoning has been studied extensively in normal children, no information was available concerning this construct in children having a specific language impairment. Thus, it was unknown to what extent they might be deficient in analogical reasoning. Therefore, in the present study, 20 children ages 6--8 years (mean age = 7:6) having normal nonverbal
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21

Yao, Zhen, Wen Zhang, Mingyang Chen, Yufeng Huang, Yi Yang, and Huajun Chen. "Analogical Inference Enhanced Knowledge Graph Embedding." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 4 (2023): 4801–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i4.25605.

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Knowledge graph embedding (KGE), which maps entities and relations in a knowledge graph into continuous vector spaces, has achieved great success in predicting missing links in knowledge graphs. However, knowledge graphs often contain incomplete triples that are difficult to inductively infer by KGEs. To address this challenge, we resort to analogical inference and propose a novel and general self-supervised framework AnKGE to enhance KGE models with analogical inference capability. We propose an analogical object retriever that retrieves appropriate analogical objects from entity-level, relat
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22

Smith, David R., and Mark T. Keane. "Analogical Problem Solving." American Journal of Psychology 103, no. 4 (1990): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1423329.

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23

Crouse, Maxwell, Constantine Nakos, Ibrahim Abdelaziz, and Ken Forbus. "Neural Analogical Matching." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 1 (2021): 809–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i1.16163.

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Analogy is core to human cognition. It allows us to solve problems based on prior experience, it governs the way we conceptualize new information, and it even influences our visual perception. The importance of analogy to humans has made it an active area of research in the broader field of artificial intelligence, resulting in data-efficient models that learn and reason in human-like ways. While cognitive perspectives of analogy and deep learning have generally been studied independently of one another, the integration of the two lines of research is a promising step towards more robust and e
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24

Wharton, Charles M., Keith J. Holyoak, and Trent E. Lange. "Remote analogical reminding." Memory & Cognition 24, no. 5 (1996): 629–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03201088.

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25

Huttegger, Simon M. "Analogical Predictive Probabilities." Mind 128, no. 509 (2017): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzw049.

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26

Sunstein, Cass R. "On Analogical Reasoning." Harvard Law Review 106, no. 3 (1993): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1341662.

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27

Ahn, Woo-kyoung, and Loranel M. Graham. "Analogizing Analogical Reasoning." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 41, no. 7 (1996): 652–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/004603.

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28

Holyoak, Keith J., and Paul Thagard. "The analogical mind." American Psychologist 52, no. 1 (1997): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.52.1.35.

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29

Steels, Luc. "Exploiting analogical representations." Robotics and Autonomous Systems 6, no. 1-2 (1990): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-8890(05)80029-6.

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30

Beziau, Jean-Yves. "An analogical hexagon." International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 94 (March 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2017.12.004.

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31

Adler, J. E. "Asymmetrical Analogical Arguments." Argumentation 21, no. 1 (2007): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10503-007-9041-3.

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32

Sutcliffe, Alistair, and Neil Maiden. "Analogical software reuse." Acta Psychologica 78, no. 1-3 (1991): 173–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-6918(91)90010-w.

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33

Abe, Akinori. "Abductive analogical reasoning." Systems and Computers in Japan 31, no. 1 (2000): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(200001)31:1<11::aid-scj2>3.0.co;2-e.

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34

Yi, Bo, and Jiafu Xu. "Analogical Type Theory." Journal of Symbolic Computation 19, no. 1-3 (1995): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jsco.1995.1002.

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35

McEwan, Cameron. "The Analogical Surface." Drawing On: Journal of Architectural Research by Design 2 (March 12, 2018): 17–32. https://doi.org/10.2218/yte5sa42.

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This paper, and its accompanying suite of drawings and montages, approaches surface through Aldo Rossi’s notion of the analogical city. It does so in three ways: firstly, as the surface of the city, secondly as the surface of the drawing, and third as the analogical surface of thought between city and drawing. The first surface emphasises plan-based representation centred on an analytical gaze looking from above or outside to the city as a whole. The second is a quasi-perspectival and frontal surface with the analytical gaze looking at the city from the inside. The third surface is the concept
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36

Miclet, L., S. Bayoudh, and A. Delhay. "Analogical Dissimilarity: Definition, Algorithms and Two Experiments in Machine Learning." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 32 (August 21, 2008): 793–824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.2519.

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This paper defines the notion of analogical dissimilarity between four objects, with a special focus on objects structured as sequences. Firstly, it studies the case where the four objects have a null analogical dissimilarity, i.e. are in analogical proportion. Secondly, when one of these objects is unknown, it gives algorithms to compute it. Thirdly, it tackles the problem of defining analogical dissimilarity, which is a measure of how far four objects are from being in analogical proportion. In particular, when objects are sequences, it gives a definition and an algorithm based on an optimal
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37

Smaling, Adri. "Inductive, Analogical, and Communicative Generalization." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 2, no. 1 (2003): 52–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/160940690300200105.

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Three forms of inductive generalization - statistical generalization, variation-based generalization and theory-carried generalization - are insufficient concerning case-to-case generalization, which is a form of analogical generalization. The quality of case-to-case generalization needs to be reinforced by setting up explicit analogical argumentation. To evaluate analogical argumentation six criteria are discussed. Good analogical reasoning is an indispensable support to forms of communicative generalization - receptive and responsive (participative) generalization — as well as exemplary gene
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Clement, Catherine A., D. Midian Kurland, Ronald Mawby, and Roy D. Pea. "Analogical Reasoning and Computer Programming." Journal of Educational Computing Research 2, no. 4 (1986): 473–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/dfh5-e0pg-1ml4-m34j.

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Investigations of the cognitive demands of programming can inform teaching and validate claims that important cognitive skills are inherent in programming. Given reports of experts' use of analogical problem solving in programming, the study reported here related analogical reasoning to Logo programming mastery among high school students. Correlational analyses related pretests of analogical reasoning to posttests of programming mastery. As predicted, a significant correlation was found between analogical reasoning and the ability to write subprocedures which can be reused for several differen
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Krause-Lerche, Anne. "Processing latencies of competing forms in analogical levelling as evidence of frequency effects on entrenchment in ongoing language change." Cognitive Linguistics 30, no. 3 (2019): 571–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2018-0052.

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AbstractThe reason which is generally given in the usage-based literature to account for the retention of irregularity in high frequency items during analogical change isentrenchment: a frequently occurring irregular linguistic unit resists analogical levelling because it is highly entrenched in speakers’ mental lexicons through its repeated use. Although previous research similarly suggests that the entrenchment of irregular and regularised forms competing during analogical levelling should be proportional to their frequency of use, evidence for this relation between frequency and entrenchmen
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40

Kravitz, Gadi. "Analogical arguments in geology." Forestry Research and Engineering: International Journal 5, no. 1 (2022): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/freij.2022.05.00101.

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Analogical inference is widely used in geology research as a crucial technique for deriving conclusions and constructing hypotheses about the geology of Earth and other planetary bodies. Deriving conclusions by analogical reasoning in geology is no trivial matter and can even be quite complex, especially when applied to processes which occurred in the distant past (deep time) or to geological processes that are taking place (or have taken place) on other planetary bodies. In such cases, analogical reasoning might lead the geologist astray, to the extent of his reaching mistaken conclusions. Ma
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41

Gamboa, Steven. "In Defense of Analogical Reasoning." Informal Logic 28, no. 3 (2008): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/il.v28i3.595.

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I offer a defense of ana-logical accounts of scientific models by meeting certain logical objections to the legitimacy of analogical reasoning. I examine an argument by Joseph Agassi that purports to show that all putative cases of analogical inference succumb to the following dilemma: either (1) the reasoning remains hopelessly vague and thus establishes no conclusion, or (2) can be analyzed into a logically preferable non-analogical form. In rebuttal, I offer a class of scientific models for which (a) there is no satisfactory non-analogical analysis, and (b) we can gain sufficient clarity fo
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42

Shamimi, Lieska Maulita, and Abdul Haris Rosyidi. "Argumentasi Analogis Siswa SMP Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau Dari Perbedaan Jenis Kelamin." MATHEdunesa 10, no. 2 (2021): 320–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/mathedunesa.v10n2.p320-329.

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Analogical argumentation is a part of analogical reasoning which has an important role in mathematics. Analogical argumentation can help one to demonstrate that a statement is reasonable. Someone's argument can be seen when solving a problem because argumentation functions to generate and support a solution to a problem. In solving problems, gender influences the process. This qualitative research aims to describe students' analogical argumentation in solving math problems in terms of gender differences. The subjects of this study were two students from class VIII-K SMP Negeri 2 Surabaya, one
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43

Leech, Robert, Denis Mareschal, and Richard P. Cooper. "Relations as transformations: Implications for analogical reasoning." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 60, no. 7 (2007): 897–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470210701288599.

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We present two experiments assessing whether the size of a transformation instantiating a relation between two states of the world (e.g., shrinks) is a performance factor affecting analogical reasoning. The first experiment finds evidence of transformation size as a significant factor in adolescent analogical problem solving while the second experiment finds a similar effect on adult analogical reasoning using a markedly different analogical completion paradigm. The results are interpreted as providing evidence for the more general framework that cognitive representations of relations are best
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44

Markman, Arthur B., and Jeffrey P. Laux. "Analogical inferences are central to analogy." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 31, no. 4 (2008): 390–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x08004603.

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AbstractIt is important to take a developmental approach to the problem of analogy. One limitation of this approach, however, is that it does not deal with the complexity of making analogical inferences. There are a few key principles of analogical inference that are not well captured by the analogical relational priming (ARP) model.
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Green, Adam E., Jonathan A. Fugelsang, and Kevin N. Dunbar. "Automatic activation of categorical and abstract analogical relations in analogical reasoning." Memory & Cognition 34, no. 7 (2006): 1414–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03195906.

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46

Kholid, Muhammad Noor, Himmatul Fadhilah, Nguyen Phu Loc, and Ioana Christina Magdas. "Classifying analogical thinking for mathematical problem-solving." Journal on Mathematics Education 15, no. 3 (2024): 793–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.22342/jme.v15i3.pp793-814.

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Analogical thinking is a crucial strategy for mathematical problem-solving, enabling the discovery of solutions by identifying similarities between different problems. However, existing research needs a comprehensive classification of students' use of analogical thinking in this context. This study aims to develop a new classification framework for analogical thinking in mathematical problem-solving, emphasizing the identification and utilization of analogous methods between source and target problems. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach involving a purposive sample of 15 hi
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Gentner, Dedre, and Nina Simms. "Language and analogy in conceptual change." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34, no. 3 (2011): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x10002736.

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AbstractCarey proposes that the acquisition of the natural numbers relies on the interaction between language and analogical processes: specifically, on an analogical mapping from ordinal linguistic structure to ordinal conceptual structure. We suggest that this analogy in fact requires several steps. Further, we propose that additional analogical processes enter into the acquisition of number.
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48

Farida, Farida, Hartatiana Hartatiana, and Watcharin Joemsittiprasert. "The Use of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) in Improving Mathematical Analogical Ability and Habits of Mind." Al-Jabar : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 10, no. 2 (2019): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/ajpm.v10i2.3540.

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The purposesof this study are to see whether there are differences in mathematical analogical abilities between the class that was taught using Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) and class that was taught using expository learning, to see whether there are differences in mathematical analogical abilities of students who have high, medium, low habits of mind taught using Realistic Mathematics Education Learning(RME), and to see whether there is an interaction between the use of Realistic Mathematics Education Learning( RME) on habits of mindand students' mathematical analogical abilities. Th
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Lailiyah, Siti, Kusaeri Kusaeri, Endah Retnowati, and Erman Erman. "A Ruppert’s framework: How do prospective teachers develop analogical reasoning in solving algebraic problems?" JRAMathEdu (Journal of Research and Advances in Mathematics Education) 7, no. 3 (2022): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jramathedu.v7i3.17527.

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It is widely agreed that knowing how prospective teachers develop analogical reasoning in solving problems is important. Some problem solving is domain specific and require particular ways of analogical reasoning skill, therefore this study aims to reveal the development of analogical reasoning and strategies used by prospective teachers. The research design use a qualitative method. As many as 69 mathematics prospective teachers were involved voluntarily to complete algebraic tasks and 12 of them were interviewed to investigate their analogical reasoning and solution strategies. The data anal
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Ku, Hsuan-Hsuan, and Mei-Ju Chen. "Promotional phrases as analogical questions: inferential fluency and persuasion." European Journal of Marketing 54, no. 4 (2020): 713–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-02-2018-0129.

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Purpose As an alternative to straight rhetorical questions, questions using analogies that invite the reader to think about the frame of reference to answer the target have been used in advertising to persuade. This paper aims to investigate consumer responses to the use of analogical questions in ads for incrementally new products and the important variables moderating those responses. Design/methodology/approach Four between-subjects experiments examined how product evaluations in response to analogical questions differ from non-analogical variants as a function of consumers’ persuasion awar
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