Journal articles: 'Analogue electronics'

1

Brown, O. R. "Analogue electronics." Electrochimica Acta 38, no. 4 (March 1993): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(93)85024-s.

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Bourzac, Katherine. "Electronics: Back to analogue." Nature 483, no. 7389 (March 2012): S34—S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/483s34a.

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Polyushkin, Dmitry K., Stefan Wachter, Lukas Mennel, Matthias Paur, Maksym Paliy, Giuseppe Iannaccone, Gianluca Fiori, Daniel Neumaier, Barbara Canto, and Thomas Mueller. "Analogue two-dimensional semiconductor electronics." Nature Electronics 3, no. 8 (August 2020): 486–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41928-020-0460-6.

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4

Wilson, Brett. "Book Review: Introduction to Analogue Electronics." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 35, no. 1 (January 1998): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099803500109.

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Heys, J. D. "Book Review: Analogue and Digital Electronics." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 35, no. 3 (July 1998): 279–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099803500311.

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Price, T. E. "Computer Assisted Learning in An Electronics Course." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 29, no. 3 (July 1992): 212–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099202900303.

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Computer assisted learning in an electronics course The CAD software package Electronic Workbench has been used for computer assisted learning for analogue electronics in the second year of a degree course. After a description of the package, the approach used to generate text files to describe the subject matter for transistor biasing, small signal analysis and frequency response is described. The student response is considered, as are the problems encountered in using the package for CAL.

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7

Simpson, Robert J. "Book Review: Analogue Electronics for Higher Studies." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 33, no. 2 (April 1996): 184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099603300212.

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8

Shaw, Brian M. "Book Review: The Essence of Analogue Electronics." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 35, no. 1 (January 1998): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099803500108.

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9

Winkler, D. "Superconducting analogue electronics for research and industry." Superconductor Science and Technology 16, no. 12 (November 13, 2003): 1583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/16/12/056.

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10

Hart, B. L. "Book Review: Analogue and Digital Electronics for Engineers." International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education 22, no. 3 (September 1985): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072098502200330.

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Shaw, Brian M. "Book Review: Digital and Analogue Electronics for HNC:." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 31, no. 4 (October 1994): 381–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099403100421.

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12

Hodgson, J. M. "A Workstation Self-Learning Programme." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 24, no. 4 (October 1987): 357–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072098702400412.

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This paper describes the computer workstations within the School of Electronic System Engineering at the Polytechnic of Central London and workstation self-learning in first-year undergraduate analogue electronics. A BJT amplifier illustrates methods of simulating frequency and waveform responses, highlighting effects of component values etc. on circuit behaviour. Student tasks arising from simulations are described.

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13

Benkhelifa, Elhadj, Ashutosh Tiwari, and Mohamed Abdel-Maguid. "Advanced Design Optimisation by Means of Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms: The Case of Two Real World Applications." Key Engineering Materials 572 (September 2013): 589–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.572.589.

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The Design Optimisation (DO) of Complex Systems is often a multidisciplinary task and involves multiple conflicting objectives and design constraints, where conventional methods cannot solve efficiently. This paper presents Advanced DO by Means of Evolutional Algorithms in two Real World Applications Electronics and Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS). The former is presented in the context of multi-objective evolutionary synthesis and optimisation of analogue systems. As for the latter, DO of MEMS bio-mimetically is a very novel area of research, Which addresses the compelling change in the traditional landscape of the associated research disciplines by seeking to provide a novel biologically inspired computational platform for DO of micro-scale designs. This paper presents the latest advancements in the application of EAs in the DO of MEMS and analogue electronic systems and the emergence of the new area of Multidisciplinary Optimisation'.

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Yudin, Yu V., V. M. Aulchenko, V. E. Fedorenko, D. N. Grigoriev, A. A. Ruban, and V. P. Smakhtin. "Analogue electronics of the endcap calorimeter of the CMD-2 detector." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 379, no. 3 (September 1996): 528–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(96)00535-9.

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15

Harlow, A., J. Scott, M. Peter, and B. Cowie. "‘Getting stuck’ in analogue electronics: threshold concepts as an explanatory model." European Journal of Engineering Education 36, no. 5 (October 2011): 435–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2011.606500.

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16

Marshall, Paul. "Making Old Television Technology Make Sense." VIEW Journal of European Television History and Culture 8, no. 15 (October 27, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/2213-0969.2019.jethc163.

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How does traditional analogue television work? That’s a question beyond the comfort zone of most media historians who may not be familiar with analogue electronics. Even young engineers know little of thermionics, cathode rays and a myriad of other forgotten technologies. This important facet of television’s history is now only recorded by older engineers and by amateur groups who collect these technologies. In this paper, I will show by using examples how material artefacts can help us understand television’s history more fully.

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17

Riches, S. T., C. Warn, K. Cannon, G. Rickard, L. Stoica, and C. Johnston. "Design and Assembly of High Temperature Distributed Aero-engine Control System Demonstrator." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2014, HITEC (January 1, 2014): 000285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/hitec-tha12.

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This paper covers the development of a distributed high temperature electronics demonstrator for integration with sensor elements to provide digital outputs that can be used by the FADEC (Full Authority Digital Electronic Control) system or the EHMS (Engine Health Monitoring System) on an aircraft engine. This distributed electronics demonstrator eliminates the need for the FADEC or EHMS to process the sensor signal, which will assist in making the overall system more accurate and efficient in processing only digital signals. This will offer weight savings in cables, harnesses and connector pin reduction. The design concept was to take the output from several on-engine sensors, carry out the signal conditioning, multiplexing, analogue to digital conversion and data transmission through a serial data bus. The unit has to meet the environmental requirements of DO-160 with the need to operate at 200°C, with short term operation at temperatures up to 250°C. The work undertaken has been to design an ASIC based on 1.0μm Silicon on Insulator (SOI) device technology incorporating sensor signal conditioning electronics for sensors including resistance temperature probes, strain gauges, thermocouples, torque and frequency inputs. The ASIC contains analogue multiplexers, temperature stable voltage band-gap reference and bias circuits, ADC, BIST, core logic, DIN inputs and two parallel ARINC 429 serial databuses. The ASIC was tested and showed to be functional up to a maximum temperature of 275°C. The ASIC has been integrated with other high temperature components including voltage regulators, a crystal oscillator, precision resistors, silicon capacitors within a hermetic hybrid package. The hybrid circuit has been assembled within a stainless steel enclosure with high temperature connectors. The high temperature electronics demonstrator has been shown to operate from −40°C to +250°C. This work has been carried out under the EU Clean Sky HIGHTECS project with the Project being led by Turbomeca (Fr) and carried out by GE Aviation Systems (UK), GE Research – Munich (D) and Oxford University (UK).

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HALL, G. "INNOVATIONS IN THE CMS TRACKER ELECTRONICS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 25, no. 10 (April 20, 2010): 1957–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x10049359.

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The CMS silicon microstrip tracker readout system is unprecedented in size, with over nine million channels. It is an analogue readout system, implemented using CMOS ASICs and linear, semiconductor laser transmitters which send pulse height data off-detector for digitisation and the first level of data processing. The basic components which define the architecture originated in R&D projects in the early 1990s and were crucial in allowing this system to be realised. The availability of several key technologies was critical to achieving the design preferences, and the components and technologies were utilised also to build the control and monitoring system and, later, to implement critical elements of other CMS sub-detector systems. The background to the technology choices and early development of the system is described and an attempt is made to draw some lessons which could be relevant for the future.

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19

Daves, Glenn G. "Trends in Automotive Packaging." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2014, DPC (January 1, 2014): 001818–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2014dpc-keynote_th1_daves.

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The long-term trend in automobiles has been increasing electronics content over time. This trend is expected to continue and drives diverse functional, form factor, and reliability requirements. These requirements, in turn, are leading to changes in the package types selected and the performance specifications of the packages used for automotive electronics. Several examples will be given. This abstract covers the development of a distributed high temperature electronics demonstrator for integration with sensor elements to provide digital outputs that can be used by the FADEC (Full Authority Digital Electronic Control) system or the EHMS (Engine Health Monitoring System) on an aircraft engine. This distributed electronics demonstrator eliminates the need for the FADEC or EHMS to process the sensor signal, which will assist in making the overall system more accurate and efficient in processing only digital signals. This will offer weight savings in cables, harnesses and connector pin reduction. The design concept was to take the output from several on-engine sensors, carry out the signal conditioning, multiplexing, analogue to digital conversion and data transmission through a serial data bus. The unit has to meet the environmental requirements of DO-160 with the need to operate at 200°C, with short term operation at temperatures up to 250°C. The work undertaken has been to design an ASIC based on 1.0 μm Silicon on Insulator (SOI) device technology incorporating sensor signal conditioning electronics for sensors including resistance temperature probes, strain gauges, thermocouples, torque and frequency inputs. The ASIC contains analogue multiplexers, temperature stable voltage band-gap reference and bias circuits, ADC, BIST, core logic, DIN inputs and two parallel ARINC 429 serial databuses. The ASIC was tested and showed to be functional up to a maximum temperature of 275°C. The ASIC has been integrated with other high temperature components including voltage regulators, a crystal oscillator, precision resistors, silicon capacitors within a hermetic hybrid package. The hybrid circuit has been assembled within a stainless steel enclosure with high temperature connectors. The high temperature electronics demonstrator has been demonstrated operating from −40°C to +250°C. This work has been carried out under the EU Clean Sky HIGHTECS project with the Project being led by Turbomeca (Fr) and carried out by GE Aviation Systems (UK), GE Research – Munich (D) and Oxford University (UK).

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20

Cindro, V., G. Kramberger, M. Mikuž, D. Žontar, J. Kaplon, P. Riedler, S. Roe, P. Weilhammer, and W. Dabrowski. "Readout of non-irradiated and irradiated strip detectors with fast analogue electronics." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 439, no. 2-3 (January 2000): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(99)00871-2.

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21

Makarova, Mariya Valentinovna. "LIENAR’S EQUATION AS A METHOD OF CALCULATING ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS." Globus 7, no. 2(59) (April 4, 2021): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52013/2658-5197-59-2-9.

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Built approximate solutions of the Lienar equation in the form of high-frequency oscillation with variable envelope and phase. An analogue of this equation in radio electronics is the circuit of an auto generator containing a tunnel diode with a cubic approximation of volt-amperical characteristics.

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22

Tokmachev, Andrey M., Dmitry V. Averyanov, Igor A. Karateev, Oleg E. Parfenov, Oleg A. Kondratev, Alexander N. Taldenkov, and Vyacheslav G. Storchak. "Magnetically intercalated multilayer silicene." EPJ Web of Conferences 185 (2018): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818501010.

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Silicene, a Si-based analogue of graphene, is predicted to exhibit topological electronic phases with exotic properties capable to revolutionize electronics. In particular, the silicene structure is highly advantageous for spintronics. However, lack of synthetic routes to free-standing and magnetically functionalized silicene compounds prevents experimental corroboration of the predictions. Here we synthesize EuSi2, multilayer silicene intercalated with inherently magnetic Eu atoms, on SrSi2/Si(001) templates. The resulting films are formed by crystallites of two mutually orthogonal orientations. The structure is firmly established with electron diffraction, X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. The compound EuSi2 exhibits non-trivial magnetic and transport properties. The data are compared with those for EuSi2 films grown on SrSi2/Si(111) templates.

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23

Berjano, E., and A. Lozano-Nieto. "A proposal to encourage intuitive learning in a senior-level analogue electronics course." European Journal of Engineering Education 36, no. 2 (May 2011): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2011.569704.

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24

Riches, S. T., K. Cannon, C. Johnston, M. Sousa, P. Grant, J. Gulliver, M. Langley, et al. "Application of High Temperature Electronics Packaging Technology to Signal Conditioning and Processing Circuits." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2010, HITEC (January 1, 2010): 000089–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/hitec-sriches-tp11.

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The requirement to install electronic power and control systems in high temperature environments has posed a challenge to the traditional limit of 125°C for high temperature exposure of electronics systems. The leap in operating temperature to above 200°C in combination with high pressures, vibrations and potentially corrosive environments means that different semiconductors, passives, circuit boards and assembly processes will be needed to fulfil the target performance specifications. Bare die mounted onto ceramic and insulated metal substrates can withstand higher temperatures than soldered surface mount devices on printed circuit boards. The results of the evaluation of electronic interconnect and substrate materials that have been submitted to temperatures of 250°C for up to 2000 hours will be presented, including details on novel adhesive formulations and high temperature insulated metal substrates. The materials and processes developed have been applied to the manufacture of high temperature circuits representative of analogue signal conditioning and processing, using silicon on insulator devices and passive components mounted into HTCC packages and onto thick film on ceramic substrates. Results of the characterisation of these devices and circuits at temperatures of 250°C for up to 2000 hours will be presented. This work forms part of the UPTEMP project has been set-up with support from UK Technology Strategy Board and the EPSRC, which started in March 2007 with 3 years duration. The project brings together a consortium of end-users (Sondex Wireline and Vibro-Meter UK), electronic module manufacturers (GE Aviation Systems Newmarket) and material suppliers (Gwent Electronic Materials and Thermastrate Ltd) with Oxford University-Materials Department, the leading UK high temperature electronics research centre.

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Entwistle, N. J., A. Hamilton, R. G. Kelly, J. B. Nisbet, R. Chapman, G. Hayward, and A. Gachagan. "Teaching and Learning Analogue Electronics in Undergraduate Courses: Preliminary Findings from the ETL Project." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 42, no. 1 (January 2005): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijeee.42.1.3.

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Riedler, P., W. Dabrowski, J. Kaplon, and P. Weilhammer. "Study of the performance of ATLAS prototype detectors using analogue LHC front-end electronics." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 477, no. 1-3 (January 2002): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(01)01893-9.

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27

Mantri, A., S. Dutt, J. P. Gupta, and M. Chitkara. "Designing Problems for Problem-Based Learning Courses in Analogue Electronics: Cognitive And Pedagogical Issues." Australasian Journal of Engineering Education 14, no. 2 (January 2008): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22054952.2008.11464013.

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Ben-Abdallah, Philippe, and Svend-Age Biehs. "Thermotronics: Towards Nanocircuits to Manage Radiative Heat Flux." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 72, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2016-0358.

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AbstractThe control of electric currents in solids is at the origin of the modern electronics revolution that has driven our daily life since the second half of 20th century. Surprisingly, to date, there is no thermal analogue for a control of heat flux. Here, we summarise the very last developments carried out in this direction to control heat exchanges by radiation both in near and far-field in complex architecture networks.

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Young, R. A. R., David T. Clark, Jennifer D. Cormack, A. E. Murphy, Dave A. Smith, Robin F. Thompson, Ewan P. Ramsay, and S. Finney. "High Temperature Digital and Analogue Integrated Circuits in Silicon Carbide." Materials Science Forum 740-742 (January 2013): 1065–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.740-742.1065.

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Silicon Carbide devices are capable of operating as a semiconductor at high temperatures and this capability is being exploited today in discrete power components, bringing system advantages such as reduced cooling requirements [1]. Therefore there is an emerging need for control ICs mounted on the same modules and being capable of operating at the same temperatures. In addition, several application areas are pushing electronics to higher temperatures, particularly sensors and interface devices required for aero engines and in deep hydrocarbon and geothermal drilling. This paper discusses a developing CMOS manufacturing process using a 4H SiC substrate, which has been used to fabricate a range of simple logic and analogue circuits and is intended for power control and mixed signal sensor interface applications [2]. Test circuits have been found to operate at up to 400°C. The introduction of a floating capacitor structure to the process allows the use of switched capacitor techniques in mixed signal circuits operating over an extended temperature range.

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Pettinato, Sara, Andrea Orsini, Marco Girolami, Daniele Maria Trucchi, Maria Cristina Rossi, and Stefano Salvatori. "A High-Precision Gated Integrator for Repetitive Pulsed Signals Acquisition." Electronics 8, no. 11 (October 28, 2019): 1231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8111231.

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Gated integrating measurement method represents a widely used approach when fast, repetitive analogue signals are concerned. In this work a compact synchronized gated-integrator prototype has been realized and preliminary characterized. Front-end electronics is based on the mature high-precision switched-integrator transimpedance-amplifier IVC102 whose output is connected to a precision LT1911 inverting amplifier, whereas analogue-to-digital conversion, as well as timing control circuitry, are performed by a high-efficiency LPC845 microcontroller. Synchronizing signal detection with the external trigger generated in coincidence with a source, the proposed circuitry amplifies and integrates the signal only when the pulse is generated, displaying excellent performances in terms of linearity, sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio. Hence, the proposed solution represents an affordable alternative to continuous-time regime measurement-techniques, usually adopted in radiation dosimetry where accuracy and sensitivity are strict requirements for treatment quality assurance.

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Oliver, Nick, Pantelis Georgiou, Desmond Johnston, and Christofer Toumazou. "A Benchtop Closed-loop System Controlled by a Bio-Inspired Silicon Implementation of the Pancreatic β Cell." Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 3, no. 6 (November 2009): 1419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193229680900300623.

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The normal pancreatic f-cell membrane depolarizes in response to increasing concentrations of glucose in a bursting pattern. At <7 mM (126 mg/dl), the cell is electrically silent. The bursting pulse width increases as glucose rises >7 m M (126 mg/dl) until a continuous train of bursting is seen at >25 m M (450 mg/dl). A bio-inspired silicon device has been developed using analogue electronics to implement membrane depolarization of the β cell. The device is ultralow powered, miniaturized (5 × 5 mm), and produces a bursting output identical to that characterized in electrophysiological studies. Objective: The goal of this study was to demonstrate the ability of silicon implementation of β-cell electrophysiology to respond to a simulated glucose input and to drive an infusion pump in vitro. Method: The silicon device response to a current source was recorded at varying simulated glucose concentrations. Subsequently, the bursting response to a changing analyte concentration measured by an amperometric enzyme electrode was converted to a voltage, driving a syringe pump loaded with a 50-ml syringe containing water. Results: Bursting responses are comparable to those recorded in electrophysiology. Silicon β-cell implementation bursts with a pulse width proportional to concentration and is able to drive an infusion pump. Conclusion: This is the first in vitro demonstration of closed loop insulin delivery utilizing miniaturized silicon implementation of β-cell physiology in analogue electronics.

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PRINDLE, Tamae KOBAYASHI. "Nakamura Ryûtarô’s Anime, Serial Experiments, Lain (1998)." Asian Studies 3, no. 1 (July 24, 2015): 53–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2015.3.1.53-81.

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This paper introduces Nakamura Ryūtarō’s anime, Serial Experiments, Lain (1998) as a new type of anime, a genre nameable as an “expository anime”, for the reason that it creates a diachronic story out of a synchronic aspect of a certain field of science. The overarching topic of Experiments is electronics, focusing on the comparison between digital and analogue communication systems. Experiments unfolds the rationales, potentials, and effects of the two types of communication systems using the perceptions of the major character, a thirteen-year old girl, Rein, as well as other supporting characters.

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Hambly, N. C., M. Cropper, S. Boudreault, C. Crowley, R. Kohley, J. H. J. de Bruijne, C. Dolding, et al. "Gaia Data Release 2." Astronomy & Astrophysics 616 (August 2018): A15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832716.

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Context. The European Space Agency’s Gaia satellite was launched into orbit around L2 in December 2013. This ambitious mission has strict requirements on residual systematic errors resulting from instrumental corrections in order to meet a design goal of sub-10 microarcsecond astrometry. During the design and build phase of the science instruments, various critical calibrations were studied in detail to ensure that this goal could be met in orbit. In particular, it was determined that the video-chain offsets on the analogue side of the analogue-to-digital conversion electronics exhibited instabilities that could not be mitigated fully by modifications to the flight hardware. Aims. We provide a detailed description of the behaviour of the electronic offset levels on short (<1 ms) timescales, identifying various systematic effects that are known collectively as “offset non-uniformities”. The effects manifest themselves as transient perturbations on the gross zero-point electronic offset level that is routinely monitored as part of the overall calibration process. Methods. Using in-orbit special calibration sequences along with simple parametric models, we show how the effects can be calibrated, and how these calibrations are applied to the science data. While the calibration part of the process is relatively straightforward, the application of the calibrations during science data processing requires a detailed on-ground reconstruction of the readout timing of each charge-coupled device (CCD) sample on each device in order to predict correctly the highly time-dependent nature of the corrections. Results. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our offset non-uniformity models in mitigating the effects in Gaia data. Conclusions. We demonstrate for all CCDs and operating instrument/modes on board Gaia that the video-chain noise-limited performance is recovered in the vast majority of science samples.

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Aravena, José, Dante Carrasco, Matias Diaz, Matias Uriarte, Felix Rojas, Roberto Cardenas, and Juan Carlos Travieso. "Design and Implementation of a Low-Cost Real-Time Control Platform for Power Electronics Applications." Energies 13, no. 6 (March 24, 2020): 1527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13061527.

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In recent years, different off-the-shelf solutions for the rapid control prototyping of power electronics converters have been commercialised. The main benefits of those systems are based on a fast and easy-to-use environment due to high-level programming. However, most of those systems are very expensive and are closed software and hardware solutions. In this context, this paper presents the design and implementation of a control platform targeting at the segment in between expensive off-the-shelf control platforms and low-cost controllers. The control platform is based on the Launchpad TMS320F28379D from Texas Instruments, and it is equipped with an expansion board that provide analogue-to-digital measurements, switching signals and hardware protections. The performance of the control platform is experimentally tested on a 20 kVA power converter.

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Gwóźdź, Michał. "Broadband power electronics controlled current source with analogue control section and output stage based on GaN transistors." Poznan University of Technology Academic Journals: Electrical Engineering, no. 91 (2017): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21008/j.1897-0737.2017.91.0005.

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CICHOCKI, Maciej K., Dariusz SOKOŁOWSKI, and Zbigniew LEWANDOWSKI. "Influence of Mass Parameters Modification on Manoeuvrability of 9K33 „OSA” Set 9M33M3 Missile." Problems of Mechatronics Armament Aviation Safety Engineering 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3704.

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This paper discusses analytical method for realization of preliminary missile stability design calculations. Action has been taken to estimate influence of replacing massive blocks of analogue electronics with compact solutions of digital electronics in missiles remaining in operation. On an example of a short-range 9M33M3 missile from 9K33 „OSA” set and its previously analysed aerodynamic characteristics, the analysis of the centre of gravity location impact was carried out to determine maximum loads occurring in the two most interesting phases of flight: after booster engine burnout and directly after cruise engine burnout. The suggestion for modification suggestion of flight parameters’ optimization is presented which defines stability and its critical impact of these parameters on aeronautical engineering. For the tested missile, the methodology suggestions for the modification is discussed with the comparison of serially produced copies to define the ability of improving the flight parameters. The paper includes visualizations and quantity analysis of: maximal loads on the fuselage, minimal turn radius, and control wing inclination angle as missile’s angle of attack function.

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SAPARGALIYEV, Y., and T. KALGANOVA. "On Comparison of Constrained and Unconstrained Evolutions in Analogue Electronics on the Example of "LC" Low-Pass Filters." IEICE Transactions on Electronics E89-C, no. 12 (December 1, 2006): 1920–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ietele/e89-c.12.1920.

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38

Riches, S. T., I. White, G. Rickard, and G. Chadwick. "Implementation of Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) Control Electronics to Accelerometers for High Temperature Applications." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2011, HITEN (January 1, 2011): 000233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/hiten-paper5-sriches.

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The requirement to install control systems integrated with sensors in high temperature environments has posed a challenge to the traditional limit of 125°C for conventional electronics. There is a need to operate at temperatures of 200°C and above in restricted space for example in down-well, aero-engine or geothermal applications in combination with high pressures, vibrations and potentially corrosive environments. Piezo-electric accelerometers based on ferro-electric ceramics have been used in a wide range of applications for measuring vibrations, fluid flow and turbulence and are capable of operating as a transducer alone at temperatures up to 250°C, which has made them attractive in sensing applications for down-well drilling and aero-engine health and usage monitoring. However, the electronics traditionally used to carry out the signal conditioning and processing (e.g. charge to voltage conversion, filtering) has been limited to a qualification limit of 125°C, which results in a reduced sensitivity of the transducer output as the signal conditioning and processing cannot be performed close to the sensor. With the development of Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) semiconductor technology, which can operate at temperatures of up to 250°C, many of the signal conditioning and processing operations can be carried out in-situ with the accelerometers to create a new generation of high temperature products. In addition, the integration of many of the functions that used to require discrete components into one SOI based device has led to further miniaturisation opportunities and a protection against obsolescence of specialist analogue devices. This paper will describe the migration of the traditional low temperature electronics to a high temperature SOI based ASIC device and the implementation of high temperature electronics packaging technology to instrumentation for piezo-electric accelerometers, leading to products that are suitable for high temperature monitoring in restricted spaces in down-well drilling and aero-engine applications.

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Rahman, Nahian, AKM Bodiuzzaman, A. Raihan Abir, and K. Siddique-e. Rabbani. "Design and Development of a Microcontroller Based Portable ECG Monitor." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics 4, no. 1 (April 22, 2013): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmp.v4i1.14702.

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A portable battery powered miniature ECG monitor with built in graphic display has been developed at low cost which can be used in rural areas, for on site patient service. It involves an analogue electronics circuit and a programmable digital circuit in the form of a Microcontroller unit (MCU). The MCU sends necessary data to an LCD graphic display screen having 128 x 64 pixels and a built-in controller. The data acquisition, processing and plotting of graphs on the screen in real time are performed through a software developed using C language. The hardware was mounted in a compact box with integrated battery. Field trial and further improvement will be needed before it can be given out to users. A little modification will make it suitable for continuous ambulatory monitoring, with data stored in an SDRAM, which can later be read into a PC and analysed by a doctor. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmp.v4i1.14702 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics Vol.4 No.1 2011 127-134

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Bogdanov, A. A., E. E. Kholupenko, Yu V. Tuboltsev, and Yu V. Chichagov. "Modelling of SiPM Performance for Detection of Cherenkov Radiation from Extensive Air Showers in UV and Visible Ranges for Application at the TAIGA-IACT Telescope." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 57, no. 1-2 (April 1, 2020): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2020-0002.

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AbstractA novel cluster of sensitive detectors based on silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) is being developed for the Cherenkov gamma-ray telescope TAIGA-IACT (Tunka valley, Republic of Buryatia, Russia). The cluster will be able to detect Cherenkov radiation from extensive air showers in two wide bands: 250–300 nm (UV) and 250–700 nm (visible and UV). Each pixel consists of a Winston cone, 4 SiPMs with the total sensitive area of 144 mm2, and readout electronics based on fast analogue memory. During operation in the UV band, a UV-bandpass filter is used to suppress cluster sensitivity in the visible range. In order to evaluate the detection efficiency of the selected SiPMs, a specific software simulator of SiPM output signal has been developed. This simulator takes into account such inherent parameters of SiPMs as total number of microcells, their recharge time, the dark count rate, the effective detection area, the quantum efficiency, the crosstalk between microcells, as well as conditions of SiPM operation, namely, the background noise and the Ohmic load in the readout (front-end) electronics. With this simulator it is possible to determine the expected trigger threshold under given conditions and parameters of selected detectors. Based on preliminary simulations, OnSemi MicroFJ-60035 SiPM chips have been chosen for the novel cluster of TAIGA-IACT. These SiPMs have sensible efficiency in the ultraviolet range (5–20% in the 250–300 nm band) and are distinguished by the presence of a fast output, which allows one to capture a low amplitude signal above a relatively high background noise.

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Pandiev, Ivailo M., and Mariya P. Aleksandrova. "Dynamic FPAA-based Mixed-Signal Processing Circuit for Thin-Film CdTe/Lead-Free Perovskite Photodetectors." Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika 27, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.eie.28751.

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New photodetector structure combining thinned CdTe film with lead-free perovskite photoelectric film was produced and investigated. This setting of the CdTe thickness results in photodetector parameters’ competitiveness to the state-of-the-art in the field of advanced photoelectric materials. The device shows a promising sensitivity of ~40 μA/W, maximum responsivity of 10.6 mA/W at 460 nm, equal rise and fall times of 30 ms, and high linearity (maximum linearization error is less than 0.6 %). However, the optoelectronic performance of CdTe/lead-free perovskite structures integrated with signal processing circuit remains unexplored. For this purpose, Field Programmable Analogue Array (FPAA)-based mixed-signal processing circuit is developed for pulse width modulated electrical signal with duty cycle controlled by the illumination degree of the detecting photoelement. This novel approach guarantees a smooth change of the electrical output at a smooth change of the input illumination between the light and dark switching states and can be practically applied as a precise position detector of moving objects. The paper represents a synergistic connection between microelectronics, electronics, and signal technology.

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Seymour, Ian, Tarun Narayan, Niamh Creedon, Kathleen Kennedy, Aidan Murphy, Riona Sayers, Emer Kennedy, Ivan O’Connell, James F. Rohan, and Alan O’Riordan. "Advanced Solid State Nano-Electrochemical Sensors and System for Agri 4.0 Applications." Sensors 21, no. 9 (May 1, 2021): 3149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21093149.

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Global food production needs to increase in order to meet the demands of an ever growing global population. As resources are finite, the most feasible way to meet this demand is to minimize losses and improve efficiency. Regular monitoring of factors like animal health, soil and water quality for example, can ensure that the resources are being used to their maximum efficiency. Existing monitoring techniques however have limitations, such as portability, turnaround time and requirement for additional reagents. In this work, we explore the use of micro- and nano-scale electrode devices, for the development of an electrochemical sensing platform to digitalize a wide range of applications within the agri-food sector. With this platform, we demonstrate the direct electrochemical detection of pesticides, specifically clothianidin and imidacloprid, with detection limits of 0.22 ng/mL and 2.14 ng/mL respectively, and nitrates with a detection limit of 0.2 µM. In addition, interdigitated electrode structures also enable an in-situ pH control technique to mitigate pH as an interference and modify analyte response. This technique is applied to the analysis of monochloramine, a common water disinfectant. Concerning biosensing, the sensors are modified with bio-molecular probes for the detection of both bovine viral diarrhea virus species and antibodies, over a range of 1 ng/mL to 10 µg/mL. Finally, a portable analogue front end electronic reader is developed to allow portable sensing, with control and readout undertaken using a smart phone application. Finally, the sensor chip platform is integrated with these electronics to provide a fully functional end-to-end smart sensor system compatible with emerging Agri-Food digital decision support tools.

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Wu, Chenning, Martin Hutton, and Manuchehr Soleimani. "Smart Water Meter Using Electrical Resistance Tomography." Sensors 19, no. 14 (July 10, 2019): 3043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19143043.

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Smart flow monitoring is critical for sewer system management. Obstructions and restrictions to flow in discharge pipes are common and costly. We propose the use of electrical resistance tomography modality for the task of smart wastewater metering. This paper presents the electronics hardware design and bespoke signal processing to create an embedded sensor for measuring flow rates and flow properties, such as constituent materials in sewage or grey water discharge pipes of diameters larger than 250 mm. The dedicated analogue signal conditioning module, zero-cross switching scheme, and real-time operating system enable the system to perform low-cost serial measurements while still providing the capability of real-time capturing. The system performance was evaluated via both stationary and dynamic experiments. A data acquisition speed of 14 frames per second (fps) was achieved with an overall signal to noise ratio of at least 59.54 dB. The smallest sample size reported was 0.04% of the domain size in stationary tests, illustrating good resolution. Movements have been successfully captured in dynamic tests, with a clear definition being achieved of objects in each reconstructed image, as well as a fine overall visualization of movement.

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Toumazou, Chris, and Tony Cass. "Cell-bionics: tools for real-time sensor processing." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 362, no. 1484 (June 27, 2007): 1321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2118.

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The accurate monitoring of the physiological status of cells, tissues and whole organisms demands a new generation of devices capable of providing accurate data in real time with minimal perturbation of the system being measured. To deliver on the promise of cell-bionics advances over the past decade in miniaturization, analogue signal processing, low-power electronics, materials science and protein engineering need to be brought together. In this paper we summarize recent advances in our research that is moving us in this direction. Two areas in particular are highlighted: the exploitation of the physical properties inherent in semiconductor devices to perform very low power on chip signal processing and the use of gene technology to tailor proteins for sensor applications. In the context of engineered tissues, cell-bionics could offer the ability to monitor the precise physiological state of the construct, both during ‘manufacture’ and post-implantation. Monitoring during manufacture, particularly by embedded devices, would offer quality assurance of the materials components and the fabrication process. Post-implantation monitoring would reveal changes in the underlying physiology as a result of the tissue construct adapting to its new environment.

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Nawasreh, Mansour M. "Selective transformations of cephalostatin analogues." Pure and Applied Chemistry 83, no. 3 (January 31, 2011): 699–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-10-08-15.

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The highly tumor inhibitory cephalostatins (e.g., cephalostatin 1), a marine natural product isolated from Cephalodiscus gilcristi, have attracted us to synthesize biologically active analogues. The goal of this study is to shed more light on selective desymmetrization of a symmetrical starting analogue through the F-ring opening route applied to certain analogues using different borane complexes. Previously, we have reported a selective opening of the spiroketal in the northern part of an analogue using catechol-borane and D-(N-tosyl) valine-borane complexes. We demonstrate here the possibility of opening the southern part of the same analogue using salicylic acid-borane complex by which extra flexibility is harvested. In contrast, a different reaction type took place when another analogue was treated with 3,4-diaminobenzonitrile-borane complex, which give after H2O2 oxidation, products arising from ∆14 bond hydration. This led us to conclude that the geometry of both borane complex and substrate govern the regioselectivity of the products. However, the electronic nature of both substrate and borane-complex govern the chemoselectivity.

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Kühtreiber, W. M., and L. F. Jaffe. "Detection of extracellular calcium gradients with a calcium-specific vibrating electrode." Journal of Cell Biology 110, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 1565–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.110.5.1565.

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We have developed a vibrating calcium-specific electrode to measure minute extracellular calcium gradients and thus infer the patterns of calcium currents that cross the surface of various cells and tissues. Low-resistance calcium electrodes (routinely approximately 500 M omega) are vibrated by means of orthogonally stacked piezoelectrical pushers, driven by a damped square wave at an optimal frequency of 0.5 Hz. Phase-sensitive detection of the electrode signal is performed with either analogue or digital electronics. The resulting data are superimposed on a video image of the preparation that is being measured. Depending on the background calcium concentration, this new device can readily and reliably measure steady extracellular differences of calcium concentration which are as small as 0.01% with spatial and temporal resolutions of a few microns and a few seconds, respectively. The digital version can attain a noise level of less than 1 microV. In exploratory studies, we have used this device to map and measure the patterns of calcium currents that cross the surface of growing fucoid eggs and tobacco pollen, moving amebae and Dictyostelium slugs, recently fertilized ascidian eggs, as well as nurse cells of Sarcophaga follicles. This approach should be easily extendable to other specific ion currents.

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Reimers, Jeffrey R., Ante Bilić, Zheng-Li Cai, Mats Dahlbom, Nicholas A. Lambropoulos, Gemma C. Solomon, Maxwell J. Crossley, and Noel S. Hush. "Molecular Electronics: From Basic Chemical Principles to Photosynthesis to Steady-State Through-Molecule Conductivity to Computer Architectures." Australian Journal of Chemistry 57, no. 12 (2004): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch04132.

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Molecular electronics offers many possibilities for the development of electronic devices beyond the limit of silicon technology. Its basic ideas and history are reviewed, and a central aspect of the delocalization of electrons across molecules and junctions is examined. Analogies between key processes affecting steady-state through-molecule conduction and equilibrium geometric and spectroscopic properties of paradigm molecules, such as hydrogen, ammonia, benzene, and the Creutz–Taube ion are drawn, and the mechanisms by which control can be exerted over molecular-electronic processes during biological photosynthesis are examined. Ab initio molecular dynamics and simulations of conductivity are then presented for carbon nanotube flanged to gold(111), and device characteristics are calculated for a molecular shift register clocked by two gold electrodes.

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Kwon, Min Jin, Hwan Mook Kim, Dae Duk Kim, and Jung Sun Kim. "The Effect of 5-Substitution on the Cytotoxicity of 2-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-1H-Benzimidazoles in Human Cancer Cell Lines." Key Engineering Materials 277-279 (January 2005): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.277-279.23.

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A series of 5-substituted 2-(p-methoxyphenyl)-1H-benzimidazoles was synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity against 4 human cancer cell lines, HCT 15, PC-3, A549, and ACHN. Except for the 5-chloro analogue, most of the 5-substituted compounds showed significant cytotoxicities in these cell lines. However, the structure activity relationship study revealed that neither the electronic nor the lipophilic parameters of the 5-substituents were related to cytotoxicity. Moreover, none of the analogues showed significant NF к-β inhibition activity implying that cytotoxicity was not related to this mechanism. The 5-methyl analogue was the most potent compound in this series with a GI50 of 0.9 µM in the A549 cell line.

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Mansor, Hasmah, Ammar Nor Azlin, Teddy Surya Gunawan, Mahanijah Md Kamal, and Ahmad Zawawi Hashim. "Development of Smart Chicken Poultry Farm." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 10, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i2.pp498-505.

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In Malaysia, most agriculture industries are still using conventional method to operate. All routines in monitoring and control of chicken poultry farm, for example, utilise man power where the source and energy are very limited. However, the demand from consumers towards the agricultural output is increasing day by day and requires more advanced farming technology in order to obtain maximum efficiency. This paper is focused on the development of smart chicken poultry farm to provide monitoring and control of the farm condition. The electronics, embedded systems and wireless technology are integrated with farm monitoring. Using Master-Slave concept, sensors are used to measure the ambient temperature, ammonia and humidity of the hall of chicken poultry for each slave. The sensors’ readings are then transmitted wirelessly over radio frequency by serial communication using HC-12 RF module to master for further data processing. The design process of both master and slave involved the interfacing of microprocessor, ATMEL ATMega328 with several analogue sensors, LCD, buzzer, relay output, monetary push button and light indicator. Based on the readings from the sensors, the microcontroller produced the output which is connected to the fan for better air ventilation in the chicken poultry farm. Furthermore, PID controller has been integrated to optimize the output control method, hence optimizing hall condition which results to better output for the farm. The system has been successfully implemented and tested at Myra Farm & Services, located at Kalumpang, Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia.<em><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-MY">In Malaysia, most agriculture industries are still using conventional method to operate. All routines in monitoring and control of chicken poultry farm, for example, utilise man power where the source and energy are very limited. However, the demand from consumers towards the agricultural output is increasing day by day and requires more advanced farming technology in order to obtain maximum efficiency. This paper is focused on the development of smart chicken poultry farm to provide monitoring and control of the farm condition. The electronics, embedded systems and wireless technology are integrated with farm monitoring. Using Master-Slave concept, sensors are used to measure the ambient temperature, ammonia and humidity of the hall of chicken poultry for each slave. The sensors’ readings are then transmitted wirelessly over radio frequency by serial communication using HC-12 RF module to master for further data processing. The design process of both master and slave involved the interfacing of microprocessor, ATMEL ATMega328 with several analogue sensors, LCD, buzzer, relay output, monetary push button and light indicator. Based on the readings from the sensors, the microcontroller produced the output which is connected to the fan for better air ventilation in the chicken poultry farm. Furthermore, PID controller has been integrated to optimize the output control method, hence optimizing hall condition which results to better output for the farm. The system has been successfully implemented and tested at Myra Farm & Services, located at Kalumpang, Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia.</span></em>

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March, N. H., and A. Rubio. "Structural and Electronic Properties of Low-Dimensional C-Nanoassemblies and Possible Analogues for Si (and Ge)." Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/932350.

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The delocalised nature ofπ-electrons in carbon-based compounds has opened a huge path for new fundamental and technological developments using carbon-based materials of different dimensionality (from clusters, to surfaces, nanotubes and graphene, among others). The success of this field has prompted the proposal that other inorganic structures based on B and N and more recently on Si and Ge could be formed with specific structural, mechanical, and electronic properties. In this paper we provide an analysis of the similarities of the two fields starting from the analysis of the Si6H6molecule, the analogue of the benzene molecule but now being nonplanar. Then we move to the study of the two-dimensional (buckled) analogues of graphene but now formed by Si and Ge. Similarly, we look to nonplanar compounds based on boron and boron-carbon nitrogen composites. In particular, we focus on the mechanical properties of those new materials that exhibit a very high stiffness, resilience, and flexibility. Possible applications in the fields of catalysis, lubrication, electronic, and photonic devices now seem a likely by-product. We also address future directions triggered by the predicted superconducting properties of graphene, among other areas.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Analogue electronics'

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