Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Analyse de la conversation - États-Unis'
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Riou, Marine. "The grammar of topic transition in American English conversation. Topic transition design and management in typical and atypical conversations (schizophrenia)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA115/document.
Full textThe research presented in this dissertation analyzes topic transition in American English interaction, focusing on audio recordings of spontaneous conversations between friends and relatives. The main object of inquiry is the interactional action of transitioning to a new discourse topic, as well as the different linguistic strategies that participants have at their disposal. Three main types of cues are investigated: questions, discourse markers, and pitch register. Each type of cue is analyzed for its individual contribution to topic transition design, as well as for the way it can combine with, supplement, or contradict other cues. Analyzing different types of cues – verbal and prosodic – creates a composite picture of the various ways in which the topic trajectory of a conversation shapes its grammar – including its prosody. This study uses a mixed-methods approach which draws on the qualitative-oriented theoretical frameworks of Conversation Analysis and Interactional Linguistics, combining them with quantitative methods used in Corpus Linguistics, such as systematic coding and statistics. This multi-domain account is completed by elaborating a comparison between typical and atypical interactions. Persons suffering from schizophrenia can experience difficulties in managing the topics of a conversation, and they can produce non-canonical transitions. Comparing their data with that of typical participants thus sheds light on some of the expectations, preferences and standard formats which can otherwise remain hidden when topic transition goes smoothly
Chamberland, Julien. "Piratage informatique aux États-Unis: analyse d’un conflit asymétrique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6775.
Full textFleck, Marie Aurore Agnès. "Gangs, communautés, sociétés : analyse et interprétations de la sociologie de Chicago." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA1053.
Full textIn American sociology, gangs have become an object of knowledge with Frederic Thrasher’s The Gang (1927), a fundamental work and a classic today. This work has been influenced by the reformists who felt predominantly concerned about issues relative to childhood, adolescence and juvenile delinquency in Chicago. It is also inspired by the Chicago sociology main ideas transmitted through William I. Thomas, Robert E. Park and Ernest Burgess teaching. Thrasher’s specificity was to view gangs in their processual and contextual dimensions: integrated through conflict, gangs were perceived as groups in movement, with characteristics originating from their social environment. Our thesis was aimed at revealing the 1920-40 Chicago sociology’s contributions to gang research and at questioning its contemporaneity. Therefore, first, we made a “historical detour”, a contextual analysis of the first sociological studies on gangs and on juvenile delinquency based on archival material. We have been then interested in the different American sociological perspectives on gangs and their ability to explain gang formation, maintenance and disintegration, gang relations to communities and wider society. We finally extended our study through a contemporaneous example, gang recent development in Indianapolis with data from the city gang unit
Parrs, Alexandra. "Les catégories du recensement et leur impact sur la société américaine : analyse de l'inexistence d'une catégorie ethno-raciale arabe américaine." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070050.
Full textThe relationship between ethno-racial categories, as defined by the Census Bureau, and society is complex: those categories while reflecting the US society, also participate in creating it. Since there has never been an Arab American ethno-racial category, that "invisibility" has impacted the Arab American community, on social and political levels. This thesis aims to exemplify how official "race" or "racialisation", shape collective and individual identities, focusing on a comparative study of the perceptions of Arab American individuals and Arab American organisations in their understanding o what being currently officially "white", according to the Census bureau, means in the representation of their social and political identity(ies), and what would be the significance of becoming an Arab American ethnic group/minority
Gayte, Marie. "Les États-Unis et le Vatican : analyse d'un rapprochement (1981-1989)." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00834752.
Full textBonditti, Philippe. "L'antiterrorisme aux Etats-Unis (1946-2007) : une analyse foucaldienne de la transformation de l'exercice de la souveraineté et de l'art de gouverner." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0025.
Full textBellocq, François-Xavier. "Les relations commerciales des États-Unis avec le Japon : une analyse en termes de structures productives." Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21027.
Full textBohas, Alexandre. "La firme Disney : analyse du capitalisme culturel d'Hollywood." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010334.
Full textFinan, Anthony. "Autonomie et dépendance : analyse historique des relations entre les USA et la Corée du sud." Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE21022.
Full textAmerican aid towards south korea was, after the second world war, the major element of support of the national economy. However, without a global paln of economic development. The aid failed to build a coherent economic and productive structure. It helped nevertheless the state of south korea to survive. The years 1957 to 1965 were of deep transition marked by a diminishing level of aid and a quest of alternative sources of foreign savings. A double rupture is realized : on an external level, the reestablishment of official links with japan and the korean vietnam experience are the main topics. They will open the country to foreigh capital, technology and markets and establish triangular relations with japan and the usa. On an internal level, economy becomes the only goal to the success of which is devoted a very centralized and planning state which will manage successfully the major external constraints. This successful experience in development under constrainte invites us to be critical on dependancy theories and to renew our perception of the state in a developing country
Gomez, Christian. "La consommation et l'épargne des ménages : faits, théories et nouvelles perspectives dans une approche héréditaire : (États-Unis, 1952-1978) avec une analyse comparative de la période 1905-1941." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100116.
Full textGourbe, Géraldine. "Prolégomènes à une réflexion sur l'être-ensemble : analyse critique de la performance nord-américaine des années 70-80." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100089.
Full textWe questioned political and aesthetic links between artistic performance and feminist speeches from the critical analysis of a North American artistic and feminist collective of the seventies and the eighties, the Feminist Art Program. We located our research about art and feminism, at first, in the epistemologic context of the queer theory's spreading in North America then Europe, a theory who favoured rapprochement between performance and questions of gender identity. We considered then another reading of feminist performances by considering them to be productions being recovering from conventions, from contexts of appearance and from exchanges configurant of alternatives for a group-being. The collective experience of the Feminist Art Program is in this title a peculiar example. We finally set out to show that feminist and artistic practice is not reserved for the only problems of the woman and gender, but on the contrary participates in a global politic which question the society as a whole
Mikulovic, Vincent. "Analyse des effets de richesse associés aux variables boursieres et financières dans le comportement de consommation des ménages : application aux économies américaines et françaises." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0045.
Full textFiloche, Catherine. "Dynamique des organisations et coûts de transaction : une analyse de la relation opérateurs locaux / équipementiers des télécommunications aux États-Unis : le tournant des années 1980." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010009.
Full textBillange, Claude. "Le discours présidentiel rituel aux États-Unis de 1945 à nos jours : étude et analyse de la communication politique publique de Truman à Clinton." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10050.
Full textThe ritual characteristic of presidential political speeches, within the American institutions seems undeniable. American presidents have progressively turned to specialists in presidential communication to shape their political addresses. For as much as some may have tried, most have failed to grant their teams of speechwriters equally important recognition. Yet, the American presidency is closely connected to every aspect of communication: public political speeches, and the 1945-1996 period is no exception, lie at the heart of the American institutions. Those addresses have become the mirror-image of events past years have witnessed. This study highlights the existence, hidden at times, of those specialists in presidential communication. Their achievements, as "wordsmiths" who have kept a close intimacy with the presidency, bestow upon these public addresses a specific political density, through their scrupulous efforts, the themes, the structure and the rhetoric they have based their political messages on. The documents related to presidential communication, stored in presidential libraries, tend to show the dramatic incidence most speechwriters have had over the policy conducted from the white house. The American institutions for more than two centuries have appeared to be the system most prone to generate the stability democracy feeds on : the study of these ritual political public presidential messages, spanning over half a century, reveals a true sense of continuity. The presidency is still unwaveringly present within the American political system. Through the seemingly everlasting ritual of the presidential speech-process, these addresses bear witness for stability. There does not seem to be a great difference in fact between democrats and republicans: a situation close to permanent political "cohabitation". The USA were born from their founding fathers' ideal of a constitutional and delicate balance between the sovereignty of federal states and the powers of the federal government
Ojeda, Carlos. "Refonte du système de sécurité interaméricain sur la base d'une analyse prospective des menaces communes." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05D019.
Full textFrom its creation to the end of bipolarity, the Hemispheric Security system was conceived as a response to a common extra-continental threat that capable of affecting the entire American region. Since then, the system has become weakened due to its inability to address new challenges. This investigation explains the extent of the threats affecting the region, the tools created tools to prevent or neutralize them, the influences on the system and the capacity to confront new variables affecting hemispheric security. Finally, this investigation will demonstrate that the Inter-American Security system can evolve in a synchronous manner within the scheme of International Relations. For it, it proposes a structure that can politically articulate the wills of its members to search for solutions to common threats against the security its members
Fallu, Marcel. "La communauté musulmane américaine : identité collective, droits individuels : analyse de la construction identitaire dans le discours d'organisations politiques musulmanes américaines à l'occasion de l'élection présidentielle de 2004." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24485/24485.pdf.
Full textDhommée, Isabelle. "Les cinq "empoisonneuses" : G. Garbo, J. Crawford, M. Dietrich, M. West, K. Hepburn et les Etats-Unis des années trente : analyse du phénoméne social de la star." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030090.
Full textLegenvre, Hervé. "Les facultés de l'inventeur : une analyse économique du comportement des inventeurs dans l'incertitude." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA111003.
Full textHoop, Scheffer Alexandra de. "La pratique américaine du "regime change" en Irak : une analyse critique de l'intervention militaire comme vecteur de socialisation politique." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0065.
Full textThe aim of our research is to analyse the US strategy of political socialization in Iraq, in both its historical and contemporary contexts (post-cold war and post-September 11) and as the guiding principle of US foreign policy towards states considered deviant. The concept of "socialization" applied to international relations, is discussed and analysed. By intervening in Iraq to change its political regime, the US and its allies have propelled the political transition as the main driver of the post-regime change phase. The political transition guides and shapes every aspect of the post-intervention period. The US action automatically becomes a process of assistance and attempts to shape the political process. A significant part of our work deals with the modalities and the consequences of the US interference in the Iraqi political transition process, especially in inducing strategies of autonomization and mutual dependency. We analyse the interaction between the Iraqi political transition and the US agenda of reformes. A pacific transition is key to establishing a political arrangement between different players, in order to avoid exclusion, which in turn, nurtures violence. However, the external pressure to hasten the process of "reconciliation", the support to local actors in order to preserve fragile and short term security gains, the scope of the reforms engaged, the political compromises that dominate the reconstruction process, are sources of pressure among society and nex elites, which pursue their personal interests over the common interest. Instead of uniting, change is a factor of split. The balance of power is the engine of change
Gonzalez-Duclert, Diana. "Esthétique, politique et société : naissance du Film-événement, entre pratique et théorie." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0153.
Full textDuring cinema's history, fictional films have not only been commercially successfuI forms of entertainment, but have also created political, intellectual and social events. Their presentation in the public realm, in both media and public institutions has generated significant debates and controversies. These film events have distinguished themselves apart from other film categories and exist as a phenomenon in society thereby underlining their importance as an object of study for the social sciences Our thesis proposes to study the construction of film events in United States, on the 'basis of a precisely justified corpus of American films The initial area of our study is to analyze these works as social objects implicating a critical understanding of their reception in a historical, political and social context. However, the question posed by this ' analysis also leads to a second level: what role does aesthetics - the intentions of the filmmaker and filmic language, for example - play in making a film an event? The third ' area of our research consists of questioning aesthetics in society, to imagine the concept of a soclo-psychologlcal aesthetic -in order to establish a encounter between aestheticvpolitics and society. In conclusion, this identification of an American film event offers the possibility to study other national cinemas, such as those from the Middle East or French cinema
Mazonzika, God’s will Makuikila. "Analyse comparative des frictions financières aux États-Unis et au Canada : une approche DSGE bayésienne." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68085.
Full textThis thesis compares financial frictions in the United States and Canada through the DSGE models à la Smets et Wouters (2003) augmented by the financial accelerator à la Bernanke et collab. (1999) which are estimated using Bayesian techniques with data including the period before and after the financial crisis of 2007-2009. Data taking into account the start of the COVID-19 pandemic episode are also integrated into the models for the analysis of impulse response functions. The estimated models give a considerable advantage to models with financial frictions for the United States and Canada in general, but remain inconclusive for Canada when the estimation period preceding the financial crisis of 2007-2009 is considered. In addition, the economic structures estimated for these two countries remain very similar whether or not we consider the presence of financial frictions, but nevertheless suggest certain significant differences. It also emerges that most of the supply shocks seem to have a large impact on the evolution of US macroeconomic variables compared to those of Canada if we consider the estimates made with data including the recent COVID-19 pandemic. According to estimates made with the same previous data, a positive shock to public spending in Canada appears to significantly reduce the perverse effects observed in consumption and investment compared to its US counterpart. In addition, the collapse observed in production in the United States and Canada during the period 2007-2009 would have been caused in large part by a preference shock and a financial shock reflecting a dysfunction of the credit market. For Canada on the other hand, in addition to these two shocks cited, a public expenditure shock would also have contributed to part of the collapse in production even though public expenditure would have increased during this period.
Zarifian, Julien. "Le Sud Caucase, un terrain nouveau de la politique extérieure des États-Unis : analyse géopolitique." Paris 8, 2010. http://octaviana.fr/document/171343867#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe two main characteristics of the South Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia) as a geographical region are its rich history and its geopolitical complexity. As a historical crossroads between Persian, Ottoman and Russian Empires, the South Caucasus has often been the scene of their confrontations throughout its history. Since 1991, as the USSR collapsed and granted the Republics of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia their independence, harsh conflicts have appeared or reappeared, particularly in Nagorno Karabakh, Abkhazia, and South Ossetia. The US has only recently been involved in the region and American diplomacy has had to adapt to a difficult situation: conflicts hinder any cooperation that would include the three South Caucasian states; the regimes in power do not always apply democratic and equalitarian principles; and the traditional Eurasian powers such as Russia or Iran do not always welcome the US as they want to maintain their influence in the region. In spite of this, its geostrategic location and the fact that Azerbaijan is an oil- and gas-rich country make the region important to the US and constitute a powerful incentive for it to become more involved there. Although it never officially acknowledged it, its goal is to penetrate the South Caucasus from a geopolitical point of view, in order to gain influence there. The most notable vectors of the influence of the US are threefold: the financial assistance it provides every year to Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia; the military and economic cooperation it has maintained in the region; and the diplomatic efforts it has made to put an end to regional conflicts
Benvenuto, Luciano. "Le cinema post-hollywoodien (1976-1985) : une industrie culturelle transnationale de l'imaginaire filmique. une analyse socio-pragmatique." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA030038.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is hollywood's contemporary commercial film industry between 1976 and 1985. Emphasizing a socio-pragmatic approach in which the cinematographic context takes precedence over the cinematographic text, this research endeavors to demonstrate that this period, knowned as post-hollywood cinema world, constitutes and extreme rupture in the evolution of the hollywood movie industry. A rupture because the three intrinsic sectors of hollywood cinema were broadly affected by the aftermath of the socio-economic crisis of the early seventies and the astounding technico-televisual revolution which followed. The movie industry was entirely reshaped and reorganized on new economic foundations, bringing about changes in the audience's sociological and psychological caracteristics. These changes are evident in the signifying form of the films, where cinematographic super-production, performance and the "spectacular" are brought together. The performing signifier appears to be therfore the principal symptom of this upheaval or revolution. Because in becoming the film's principal vehicle of meaning, the performing signifier indicates that the film is no longer concerned with communication
Savard, Maryse. "L'argumentation dans le débat télévisé : l'analyse des débats présidentiels américains de 2004." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24359/24359.pdf.
Full textMoudio, Jean-Pierre. "Effet d'annonce et contrôle monétaire dans un cadre de marchés efficients : analyse du cas américain de 1976 à 1985." Paris 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA020055.
Full textThis survey sets out the problem of the efficiency of monetary control procedures within a framework of chronic money disturbances. Through a deep analysis of the us case for the period beginning in 1976 and ending in 1985, we come to the final result that the most suitable solution for the dual objective of low inflation and interest rates stabilization is a combination of a strict control of borrowed reserves and a contemporaneous accounting of all the reserves
Maitre, Grégory. "Analyse économique et responsabilité civile." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010316.
Full textJulien, Frédéric. "Le refus du Canada d’exporter de l’eau en vrac vers les États-Unis : une analyse discursive." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34151.
Full textRussell, Diane. "Du storyboard au storyboardeur : étude comparative d'une activité cinématographique en France et aux États-Unis." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030067.
Full textThe starting point of this work involves a quantitative analysis of the object »storyboard » applied on a large corpus. The taxonomy here established, crossed witha qualitative approach, allows one to reveal communication codes and invariantsinherent to this preproduction device. This first leads to the definition of the toolstoryboard among other film preparation drawings. The classification of the dataaccording to its period then brings a new perspective to the analysis: it is through theobject, vestige of its own story and vector of ideas, from which are drawn the socialinteractions and the professionalization of those who manufacture it. The studyconcerns two different conceptions of the storyboarding practice, on both sides of theAtlantic Ocean
El, Younsi Hafida. "Le recentrage des entreprises non financières : analyse sur une longue période en Europe et aux États-Unis." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010038.
Full textRecoquillon, Charlotte. "Conflits et resistances, une analyse géopolitique de la gentrification de Harlem, New York City." Paris 8, 2010. http://octaviana.fr/document/168831759#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textHarlem’s gentrification is the result of a voluntarist set of public policies that profoundly transformed the neighborhood since the 1980s with a marked acceleration since the beginning of the 2000s. The first part of this study highlights the power struggle that led the city to chose this strategy mainly based on economic development. A broad definition of the concept of gentrification allows to grasp the extent and the implications of gentrification on housing, business, public safety and culture. Moreover, this provides a close analysis of the neighborhood that shows the specificities of Harlem’s gentrification process, such as black gentrification. The second part of this study demonstrates the extremely conflictual dimension of gentrification and the problems it raises in terms of democracy and spatial justice. Indeed, the public debate around issues like the expansion of Columbia University or the rezoning of 125th Street shows the deep disagreements existing among players about the vision of the city and its governance. This work analyzes closely the question of displacements that is so central to the debate over gentrification. Finally, this study examines local resistance to gentrification, strongly influenced by the concepts of right to the city and spatial justice
Leblanc, Benoît. "Analyse comparée des performances des systèmes de production des fermes laitières au Canada et aux États-Unis." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28587/28587.pdf.
Full textBarrué-Belou, Rémi. "Analyse des outils fédératifs aux États-Unis, au Canada et au Brésil : contribution à l'étude du fédéralisme." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25240.
Full textIn this time of international openness and globalisation, federalism is a very interesting solution in order to protect diversity in unity. Despite a lot of references made to this concept, the french speaking doctrine does not provide an identical definition and neither does the english one. This thesis aims to base, complete and increase the existing definitions and to attempt a proposal of an analysis grid of federalism, questionning on the reality of a federative model which could allow a proposal of a definition of federalism. Through the study of the hallmarks of federalism as distribution of legislative, executive and financial powers, the federative Pact (agreement), sovereignty, subsidiarity and the balance of powers in the Canadian, American and Brazilian federations, this thesis denies the reality of a federative model but considers the reality of federative tools, invariants components of these three federations.
Ben, Hassine Safa. "Identification des facteurs de risque statistiques : Applications au marché boursier et au marché du crédit." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020024.
Full textRagueneau, Alan. "Les contrats de mise à disposition d'oeuvre sur les réseaux numériques : étude de droit matériel et analyse de conflit de lois en droit américain et français." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT4027.
Full textContracts for making a work available online can be a sale – rental, service, copyright or sui generis agreement. This lack of uniformity is the result of the various ways a work can be exploited on the digital networks. Next to the traditional business models such as sale – rental or sale of copies or services, copyright owners can now base their revenue on consumers' restricted acts – "from having copies to experiencing works". When a work is copyrighted, the transaction is a copyright contract. When there is no such protection, it is a sui generis contract. The control over consumer's acts of access and or use of the work is based on the contractual provisions and technical measures. Choice of law analysis varies from contract to contract. Regarding contract-conflicts regime, choice of law rules will have different sources. For example, The Hague Convention on the sale of tangible goods may apply to online sale of copies while copyright contract falls outside its scope of application. Regarding copyright-conflicts regime, we are trying to define one single choice of law rule fo all copyright issues that combines the traditional lex loci protectionis with the new emerging concept of "focalization". There are two mechanisms to coordinate copyright-conflicts and contract-conflicts regimes. Characterization is the primary tool in France while unilateral (public policy also known as mandatory rules) approach is more used in the USA. Here, we argue that national copyright laws may become mandatory if one considers that contracts for making a work available is the cornerstone of private ordering
Pérez, Patrick. "Le monde au-delà du bambou : analyse et interprétation de quelques représentations de l'espace chez les Hopi d'Arizona, Etats-Unis." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0106.
Full textThis thesis presents, analyses and interprets some spatial representations of the hopi indians, a small community living on three mesas in northern arizona (u. Sa. ). After a rapid glimpse of the main writings about this culture, followed by a general presentation of pueblo world and hopi society, the study focuses on cosmology, landscape, architecture and urbanism, metaphysical geography, potery and weaving, visual arts (potery painting especially), gender stratification of space, and spatial cognition. Mainly developed within the framework of a symbolic anthropology, the thesis explores a space where myths and objects, gestures and practices join together in order to discern a specific hopi space view with his own aesthetics
Laroche, Loïc. "Le Monde et les États-Unis de 1944 à nos jours." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H023/document.
Full textThe newspaper «Le Monde» gives testimony, and is almost an actor, of the French Republic and its relations to foreign partners, the most important and influential of which is the United States of America. On one hand we will look into the image given by this country throughout « Le Monde »’s articles. We will consider how the United States are being covered, the way they relate to the rest of the world, the way their economy is valued, their level of development, the description of their society and their people, the image given by their democracy and their power. On the other hand we will watch the acquaintances between the United States and « Le Monde »’s editorial staff in a broad way, that is journalists and directors, from its foundation along the seventy following years and the various US administrations, which will show how the successive directors of the newspaper and the main journalists have had a genuine knowledge and esteem for this country. We will also learn the way America is covered through the designing of the newspaper. We will see how the editorial staff and the american authorities intermate, the way the latter greet and convey informations in an attempt to influence, openly or not, «Le Monde»’s protagonists ans beyond this, how the directors of the newspaper are inspired by the United States and the american press. Last but not least, we will look into the editorial line «Le Monde» choses to refer to the United States. Three major periods will emerge, the first one of which corresponds to Hubert Beuve-Méry’s management with a longlasting concern ever since for financial and editorial independance. His successors will try to keep on with his heritage while America is dividing the editorial staff. After the fall of the Berlin wall the new generation will modify the vision « Le Monde » had of America whereas the digital technologies start revolutionizing the media
Hadj-Hamou-Almechatt, Yacine. "Les syndicats face aux restructurations industrielles : une analyse comparée de la négociation collective en France et aux États-Unis durant la décennie 1980/1990." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0056.
Full textIn the 1980 much of industrial sectors in developed countries face restructurations and those sectors were the ones were trade unions where particularly strong. Unions which faced many loss in employment of their members tried to resist through collective bargaining even in making concessions to employers and in giving up some rights which results from previous struggles. Many differences exist between United States of America and France in political field, in law system, in trade unions traditions and in collective bargaining system, nevertheless trade unions faced during this time common problems. This study is about those problems. She begins by a review of each specific system of collective bargaining. Then she follows by specific studies on the detailed of the variations which occurred during this time and of their real impact. In comparing the automobile industry and the steel industry for each country (and only for the United States the meatpacking industry) we examine the evolution and sometimes the trouble that happened in the unions. At last the question is : if the variations were just an adaptation to combination of particular circumstances or a more serious trend that will stay for a long time, and also if this time marked the born of a new collective bargaining systems
Bendinelli, Marion. "Etude des auxiliaires modaux et des semi-modaux dans les débats présidentiels américains (1960-2008) : analyse qualitative et quantitative." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE2017.
Full textThis dissertation consists in the study of modals and semi-modals in a corpus of American presidential debates (1960-2008). Our aim is to characterize their use with respect to issues of power and influence. On the one hand, the theoretical framework borrows from various fields of linguistic analysis, namely enunciation, pragmatics and discourse analysis; the latter helps define notions such as persuasive communication, manipulation and influence strategies. Besides, we suggest that the modals and some semi-modals can activate dialogic echoes and serve as evidential markers. On the other hand, the study relies on a computer-based discourse analysis methodology, namely logometry. Considered as a valuable heuristic approach, it runs statistical measures on linguistic data – be it tokens, lemmas or parts of speech – so as to provide the analyst with frequency lists and cooccurrence networks, among other functionalities. Logometry also offers a bottom-up as well as a top-down approach to corpus scrutiny. The results help identify three enunciative strategies depending on the level of commitment of the utterer with his epistemic or non-epistemic judgements. Also, they determine the existence of several types of discourses that are considered in the light of various issues: speech practice evolution, ideological positioning, rhetorical identity of political parties, candidates’ campaign strategies. As far as the modals and semi-modals CAN, MUST, HAVE TO, HAVE GOT TO, NEED TO and OUGHT TO are concerned, a close examination of their contexts of use shows that they reflect different strategies of presentation of the self, of others, of the audience and of the factual context
Auber, Emmanuel. "Analyse comparative de la répartition des compétences dans l'Union européenne et dans la fédération des États-Unis d'Amérique." Paris 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA020025.
Full textNaudet, Jules. "Analyse comparée de l'expérience de la mobilité sociale ascendante intergénérationnelle aux États-Unis, en France et en Inde." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0043.
Full textThis dissertation proposes a comparative analysis of the experience of upward social mobility in the United States, in India and in France is based on approximately 150 interviews conducted among people from modest backgrounds who achieved prestigious positions in the higher ranks of civil service, in the private sector and in academia. These three countries ar often cited as paradigmatic cases by sociologists who try to theorize the links between social mobility and social stratification systems. The United-States are thus typically perceived as the archetype of an open society characterized by few obstacles to mobility and by social statuses considered as achieved. Conversely, India is frequently described as the archetype of a closed society marked by the weight of the caste system and by social statuses considered as ascribed. Between the model of a closed society and that of an open society, French society seems to be more structured by the notion of social classes that continues to shape the analysis of its system of stratification. These three models are deeply rooted in sociological thought and they influence the way these three countries are apprehended. The first thread of this dissertation questions these categories of international comparison by drawing on the research conducted in these three countries using the same protocol of investigation. The second thread of this dissertation consists in a discussion of the conceptual tools that are most often used by sociologists to understand the experience of upward social mobility
Kante, Seydou. "La géodynamique de l’émigration sénégalaise : analyse comparative de deux pays de destination, la France et les États-Unis." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040282.
Full textNearly three million Senegalese population out of twelve million just over, live abroad. Before directed to the former French colonies in Africa and France, for geographical historical and linguistic reasons, Senegalese migration field has become multipolar by the new opportunities offered by the others countries. The Senegalese emigration’s movement has been widened to Arabia and eastern Europe. But the trends show a growing portion of new candidates choose Southern Europe and North America. The profile of Senegalese emigrant to the U.S. is very different at many ways that the migration category in France. Starting in the early 1980s, the emigration of Senegalese in the United States outnumbers that one in France due to the economic and organizational dynamism and better incentive structure. The United States offers more opportunities and fewer constraints for the cultural and economic development to migrants. Women occupy a substantial place in this migration, they are younger and often single at the time of their arrival on American territory. In France, the Senegalese emigration is older but is facing more constraints on the economic, administrative and cultural aspects. Over 70% of the Senegalese France engaged in low skilled, paid jobs and save less than their counterparts located in the United States. Thus, for better success and more coming to their families support in Senegal, many Senegalese, rather that France, choose the United States where they mostly work in commercial activities. The family and economic reasons do not only explain, the emigration of Senegalese because they are not the sole poorest who leave. For these reasons there is "new logic", migration-related globalization. These departures have consequences on Regions starting with the most visible are the remittances from migrants and investment, more or less supervised by state or private structures working with inclusive approach
Barrué-Belou, Rémi. "Analyse des outils fédératifs aux Etats-Unis, au Canada et au Brésil : contribution à l'étude du fédéralisme." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU10080/document.
Full textIn this time of international openness and globalisation, federalism is a very interesting solution in order to protect diversity in unity. Despite a lot of references made to this concept, the French speaking doctrine does not provide an identical definition and neither does the English one. This thesis aims to base, complete and increase the existing definitions and to attempt a proposal of an analysis grid of federalism, questioning on the reality of a federative model which could allow a proposal of a definition of federalism. Through the study of the hallmarks of federalism as distribution of legislative, executive and financial powers, the federative Pact (agreement), sovereignty, subsidiary and the balance of powers in the Canadian, American and Brazilian federations, this thesis denies the reality of a federative model but considers the reality of federative tools, invariants components of these threefederations
Masliah-Romy, Daphné Laure. "L'anglais et les cultures : analyse sociolinguistique des situations plurilingues et multiculturelles au Canada, en Australie et aux États-Unis." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040312.
Full textIn Canada, Australia and the USA, three largely Anglophone countries, we witness the awakening of cultural and minority languages. In a civilization which has reached a maximum level of “communicability” transcending the physical borders, some invisible cultural and linguistic ones are re-designing infinitely more subtle communities. The large majority of all what is written in English as well as what is internationally communicated, however, some lobbies are fearing for its survival. After a description of concepts related to plurilingualism and multiculturalism, the methodological frame of this research will be tackled as well as the different typologies of linguistic policies and their connections with multiculturalism. The second part describes the plurilingual and multicultural policies of these three countries of recent immigrated population, which have English as their official language and have had three different ways of tackling the question of language and culture, two fundamental references in their daily political, economic and social life. The third part is a consequence of the two previous ones and describes the phenomenon of multiculturalism and its contemporary consequence, the “political correctness”. In these three countries, the immigrants have been able to assert a right to maintain to language and culture of their country of origin in their new environment in order to face the dangers represented in their view by assimilation. This is a very new and contemporary phenomenon which gives birth to a new category of minorities which do not assert their legitimacy on historical links with their new territory, but on an “extraterritorial right to the preservation of the cultural identity”, thus affecting the specific rights of indigenous peoples. Furthermore, the economic and political changes have particularly affected these three states and forced them to reconsider their traditional alliances and replace them with new ties with the emerging economic blocks. Sociolinguistics, a newcomer in the human sciences, allowed to cut across the disciplines and describe the phenomenon in its globality
Boulanger, Marine. "Les négociations canado-américaines en mer de Beaufort : analyse des raisons de la pérennisation du désaccord sur la délimitation maritime." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26691.
Full textSince the mid-1970s, the United-States and Canada have officially disagreed on their maritime border in the Beaufort Sea, which is located north of the Mackenzie Delta off the coasts of Yukon and Alaska. The United States considers that the maritime boundary must follow an equidistance line, whereas Canada deems that the maritime boundary is the extension of the present terrestrial border between Alaska and Yukon, which follows the 141st west meridian. Due to these divergent claims, a triangular disputed area of approximately 6 250 square nautical miles appears, within which both States claim sovereignty over territorial sea and sovereign rights in the EEZ and on the continental shelf. This dissertation looks into this delimitation dispute and examines the reasons for this protracted disagreement. How come the United-States and Canada do not rely on state practices or case law to reach an agreement? Our analysis shows that, contrary to what media discourse conveys, this disagreement is not perceived by the parties as a conflict. Furthermore, a settlement could affect a number of protagonists whose interests diverge, thus limiting Canada's ability to negotiate. In addition, this analysis demonstrates how Arctic policies developed by both States have not been conducive to finding a solution in the Beaufort Sea. Finally, this dissertation assesses the role played by oil development prospects in this continued disagreement. Keywords: Arctic – Beaufort Sea – disagreement – maritime delimitation – international law of the sea.
Harfi, Mohamed. "Flux commerciaux, investissements directs et production étrangère dans une analyse intégrée de la spécialisation à l'échange bilatéral CEE Etats-Unis." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON10037.
Full textAbye, Tassé. "De nouvelles formes de migrations : analyse comparée de parcours d'Ethiopiens en France et aux Etats-Unis." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHESA122.
Full textThis research contributes to the reneval debate on migration studies, through the analysis of the empirical case of the Ethiopian migration. Over a short span of time (a quarter of century), the Ethiopian migration encapsulates multiple modes of emigration and diversified forms of integration in the Western World. This research attempts to shed a new light on some of patterns, of what might be called "the new face of migration". Following the 1974 revolution, the Ethiopian emigration, which could have been qualified as a passing phenomenon seems to be a fast expanding social practice. Ethiopians living in the western world were less than 10 000 before 1974; today, they are estimated to be between 400 000 and 600 000. Considering jointly the pre-migration characteristics of the studied migrants as well as the social and cultural transformations, which occured in Ethiopia during the 20th century, allows us to formulate the hypothesis that these migrants have assimilated norms and values available in the Western countries prior to their migration. This research shows that their settlement in diferent western countries is a dynamic where cultural clash is absent, due to the fact that this "clash" has already taken place in their country way before the beginning of migration. Using a comparative analysis between the immigration of Ethiopians in France and the United-States, we propose a renewed sociological approach of migration for a better understanding of social, cultural and professional integration
Bretagnolle, Anne. "Villes et réseaux de transport : des interactions dans la longue durée (France, Europe, États-Unis)." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00459720.
Full textInk, Marion. "Sociologie et micropolitique des sociabilités : ethnographies comparées dans trois résidences universitaires internationales – France, États-Unis, Canada." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH125/document.
Full textMy thesis aims to study how people live together and develop relationships in an international context. These situations are marked by the fact that nobody masters beforehand these collective settings; indeed, they are marked by interactional unpredictability. How do individuals manage to live together, when they share almost no common rules, and no pre-defined shared ways of being? How do they develop personal relationships, and end by building up affinity relationships? What kind of skills of understanding and evaluation, innovation and adjustment, do they have to activate? In order to get a better knowledge of such situations, since 2011, I have conducted three ethnographic fieldworks: two in International Houses in France (Fondation Ulysse at the Cité Internationale Universitaire de Paris) and the United States, and a third one in a Graduate House in Canada. These three residences have relatively similar general settings: the population is graduate students from different fields of study, with a large proportion of foreign and international students, also the living conditions are comparable (collective kitchens and sanitary facilities, communal rooms, organization of a community life). In addition, the first two residences carry a similar institutional project, advocating an internationalist ideology. The comparison between these houses, and with the Canadian residence, will allow us to grasp the institutional engineerings and the practical normativity coproduced by current residents in each house. After introducing the fieldworks, the methods and the research questions (introductionnary chapter), we will study several questions which emerged from the surveys: the temporality of sociabilities during a stay in student residency (chapter 1), the passage of anonymous relationships to anchored relationships (chapter 2), the co-production of an order of interaction, of an idioculture and of a social order (chapter 3), a reflection on gossip (chapter 4) and finally a study on institutional engineering and their engagement towards residents’ sociabilities and their practical normativity (chapter 5). In sum, this research contributes to sociology and micropolitics of sociability, sociology of small groups, sociology of social networks, and sociology of communication
Decker, Daniel. "Musique pop, pop art, messages, aux États-Unis et en Grande-Bretagne : analyse d'une double traversée culturelle des années soixante." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF20069.
Full textPop music, born as rock'n'roll from black rhythm & blues in the mid-fifties, became, in the sixties, the privileged means of expression of a mediated category of consumers, the teenagers, with the advent of transistr radios and the development of television, the former baby boomers gave their social unrest a tune, this music, quickly assimilated to un-american negative values (violence, juvenile delinquency, sex, drugs) soon died out in the usa. It swung back from britain where it had been adapted by exotic provocative white bluesmen who popularized this once despicable negro music. Young white misfits thus protested against the profit-seekers still under the threat of a nuclear holocaust. Trying to consider the face value of objects, not thoughts. Led by the simplistic lyrics of pop songs they came to think of the making of their own lives as happenings. The myth of a classless society, enhanced by the media in control of the establishment, easily withstood the criticisms of yelling pop singers, the underground press and the drug-addicted hippies. Their very existence proved the tolerance of the system they were so unfairly permitted to criticize
Peyré, Olivier. "La contribution des programmes d’échanges académiques à l’ambition internationale des États-Unis d’Amérique et de l’Union Européenne : Une analyse comparée." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU10053/document.
Full textOver the last two decades, educational exchange programs have emerged as real stakes for foreign affairs policy due to the effects they produce on knowledge economy and on transnational relations. This research focuses on United States of America and on European Union practices. It combines a behaviouralist methodology applied on observable traits, with a systemic approach drawn from Sociology of International Relations, which encompasses key actors and factors from the environment. Studying how these two kinds of actors on the international political stage offer their own exchange programs to the rest of the world, the dissertation demonstrates the ability to reveal the strategy they are using to influence the global system. Then, the research investigates the American and European decision framework, questioning historical, political and global levels. The result sheds light on the US leadership and the European potential. The United States have been conducting a proactive policy since 1945, targeting categories of high profile people. They uphold their attractiveness over foreign public opinions. In comparison, the European Union first had to achieve the preliminary steps of its political integration process. Henceforth, by setting up the European Higher Education Area and thanks to a number of ambitious exchange programs, it has become a real competitor. Due to very humanistic oriented goals, the E.U. position might be seen as idealistic compared with the standpoint that prevails in the U.S. However, this could possibly herald a “diplomacy by education” paving the way to forthcoming international relations