Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Analyse démographique'
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Hwang, Flater Dag. "Analyse économique et démographique de la production communale." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991IEPP0001.
Full textThe theoretical and historical foundations of local public government indicate that the municipalities have important economic functions. The modern municipality (the case of Norway) seems to have a rather limited autonomy in relation to the Sstate, but the municipal autonomy is rather significant in relation to the individuals. The local public goods are normally similar to private goods, but, paradoxically, economies of scale in the consumption are not necessarily insignificant. Incorporating simultaneously scale effects in the production and scale effects in the consumption, one note that economies of scale in the production will never compensate totally diseconomies of scale in the consumption. Also, the population size which minimizes the taxation rate, if it exists, is superior to the population size that minimizes the average cost
Makoundou, Esaï. "Analyse des statistiques imparfaites : évolution démographique des pays francophones d'Afrique centrale : (Cameroun, Congo, Gabon, RCA, Tchad)." Bordeaux 4, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00389502.
Full textThis work aims to apply the demographic analysis approach on statistic data taken from five central African french speaking countries (Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Republic of Central Africa and Tchad) in order to point out their weakness and propose ways to better data collection. The investigation on the evolution of demographic phenomena (fertility and mortality) between 1960 and 2000, beside the trends noticed, allow to notice the constraints of the data collection approach based on the transversal method preventing the comparison with the longitudinal method. In general, the objectives of data collection, without regard to sources, contain the limits of data use in the demographic analysis. The poursuit of the demography objectives, in term of knowledge and action, implies taking into account the principles of the demographic analysis, while remedying the migrations marginalization, in the observation
Caillot, Mélanie. "Analyse démographique de l'élargissement de l'accès à l'enseignement supérieur." Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR40029.
Full textThe rise ine the level of diploma of the French population is one of the major changes occured during the 20th century. The main goal of this Ph-D dissertation is to use the tools at the disposal of the demographer to take a measure of such phenomenon. This work is decomposed in four key moments of the higher education. Firstly, one is interested in the "French baccalaureat", the first diploma of higher education, by establishing the evolution of the number of graduates in the generations while determining the characteristics of these new graduates, in regard to the continuation of higher learning. This analysis is focused on the entry in higher education and its territorialconsequences related to the migrations made necessary by the unequal distribution of the offer of formation on the metropolitan territory. Lastly, this work is completed with the issue of the exit of the higher education with the problem of devalue of the diplomas. Increased competition between the graduates leads them to adopt strategies like mobility, in particular towards the french Capital Paris, conferring an unquestionable advantage to occupy middle manager position. The whole of the analyses, which require at the same time historical and geographical treatments, relies mainly on the historical file of the households made up with the general censures of population from 1968 to 1999 (SAPHIR) while having recourse to specific survey on formation and professional qualification
Okobo, Nicodème. "La population scolaire au Congo : analyse démographique d'une sous-population." Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40008.
Full textNicolas, Cauchi-Duval. "Parcours des usages de drogues en France : observation et analyse démographique." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00439166.
Full textCauchi-Duval, Nicolas. "Parcours des usages de drogues en France : observation et analyse démographique." Bordeaux 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR40040.
Full textThe epidemic of AIDS has implied, in the middle of the 80's, an acceleration of the public politics reorientation towards drugs users. It had permitted the creation of a healthcare system to welcome the drug addicts. Indirectly, it permits to gather some new data sources that had allowed a better knowledge of the drugs uses phenomenon. Nevertheless, uses courses can rarely be studied. Either sub-populations are non representative of all the drugs users, or the collection method biass the indicators which can be obtained. On one hand we have presented the selection operated on the various sub-populations of drug users and propose the methods of collection with would avoid such selections. On the other hand, we have made, from demographic analysis principles, an estimation measure of the errors induced by survey in the general population to make sure of their eventual good use. It seems that mistakes are low enough to realize some studies which do not suffer from it to much. It's only with the renewal of this kind of survey that the measures will be improve and convince us. But we are sure that it is necessary to improve the collected datas to understand the dynamic that is involved in the renewal of drugs users sub-populations. It is obvious that several types of drug uses exist, but no data source ables in France to measure the changes from a use to another
Lorenzato-Doyle, Gabriel. "Changements démographiques et marché immobilier : une analyse macroéconomique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66596.
Full textGras, Laurent. "Le sport en prison : analyse socio-démographique des carrières sportives de détenus." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100191.
Full textPrisoners flowing down a river in canoeing. The public opinion is offended. Offended, by this presence of the prisoners in the "social place". Offended, because in the collective representations, this scene evokes the idea that the modern conditions of detention would be too flexible to be dissuasive. Nevertheless, a historical approach allows to notice that the introduction of the physical and sports activities in prison have first been motivated by disciplinary reasons. Then, in time, sport in custody also became an educational tool, taking part in the mission of rehabilitation prisoners. But, access to the sports activitries remains still very limited in the prison environment. To benefit the most gratifying forms of sports practice, performing a competitive sport and benefit from permissions to go sporting out, the penal and socio-demographic profile of the inmates should answer very selective criteria. Besides the prison constraints explain high defection rates. .
Flammant, Cécile. "Approche démographique de l'orphelinage précoce en France." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H055/document.
Full textThe orphans (children, teenagers and young adults who have lost one or both parents by death) do not have any specific status in France and there is no estimation of their number in the national statistics. Using three data sources (The household introductory module ; 1999 et 2011 Family surveys ; Civil registration data), we estimate that around 600 000 youths aged under 25 are orphaned in France in 2015, which represents 3% of this age group. Three orphans out of four have lost their father but their mother is alive. The proportion of orphans has fallen since 1999 : this trend fits the trends in adult mortality, however the rise of parents’ age at birth has cancelled some part of the effect of the decline in adult mortality upon the proportion of orphans. The social differences in the risks of becoming an orphan before age 25 are bigger among fatherless children than among motherless children. While in the collective imagination, an orphan is a child deprived of both parents and living in an orphanage, this thesis shows that in the early 21st century the situation of the orphaned children (aged under 18) is far from this image from the past centuries. Most of the orphaned children have a surviving parent and live with him, in a one-parent family or in a stepfamily. The families with orphaned children have a slightly higher risk of having a low standard of living compared with the families without orphaned children, and this can be explained by the fact that those families have a lower socioeconomic status
Doignon, Yoann. "Le vieillissement démographique en Méditerranée : convergences territoriales et spatiales." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3097.
Full textThe demographic transition upsets population balances worldwide. If population growth has been studied by demographers throughout the second half of the 20th century, ageing is an equally significant consequence of this demographic change. Nevertheless, studies demographic and geoprospective are not so many. In order to understand the observed changes, it seems appropriate to look beyond national borders for choose the level of sub-national territories. We study the future of Mediterranean societies' ageing in its dynamic dimension. The Mediterranean is an interesting laboratory because we found a great plurality of situations. To reach our goal, several challenges had to be overcome regarding the collection of data, their harmonization, their projection and analysis. For the whole Mediterranean area, we have collected and harmonized geo-demographic data to sub-national scales from many disparate sources. They were then used to establish future scenarios and projections for the next 50 years. Finally, we had to adapt methods from other disciplines (especially econometrics) to establish convergence of measures. We even propose news methods to answer our questions. The Ph.D. highlights the diversity of convergence proccess involved in the ageing populations of the Mediterranean. Territorial convergence and spatial convergence are taking part in the approximation of the regions' characteristics in terms of ageing. All the different scenarios analyzed describe future that highlight the global convergence of ageing but also remind that the observed heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of the phenomenon should last a long time and could strengthen locally
Shen, Ming-yuan. "Analyse de la fécondité en Chine : approche micro-économique." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988IEPP0023.
Full textGiguet-Valard, Anna-Gaëlle. "Étude démographique et analyse CoDE-Seq des maladies rares neurodégénératives à expression motrice en Martinique." Thesis, Antilles, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ANTI0596.
Full textRare Neurodegenerative Diseases with Motor Expression (RNDME) are a very heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative pathologies of acquired or innate physiopathology that can occur at any age. They have a targeted impact on the central or peripheral neurological structures involved in motor activity. These structures are functionally and topographically close to the centers of cognition. Thus, under certain conditions, the neurodegeneration of motor structures impacts cognitive functions.They result in gait and/or balance disorders, a decrease or absence of movement, a varied cognitive impairment that can go as far as dementia.RNDME are sporadic or family based. The latter have a hereditary component and therefore represent interesting study models because they offer the possibility of analyzing the DNA of relatives and thus increase the research power of genetic factors involved in a family symptomatology.The scientific literature indicates an important number of genetic pathogenic variation responsible for RNDMEs, which allows classification but also makes it more complex because it can be observed that the same gene can be involved in several pathologies and a pathology can be caused by different genes. Consequently, in RNDMEs, atypical symptoms, clinical overlaps or allelic diseases are observed.In the French West Indies, the data in the literature on RNDMEs are limited but rich in certain observations confirming the atypical RNDMEs seach as the atypical Caribbean Parkinson's syndrome.On the genetic level, diagnostic investigations are limited to medical fields based in metropolitan France and most often about the comparison of genomic data of Caucasian populations.The thesis work is about 2 aspects: the first, clinical and genetic, has allowed to draw up an inventory of the RNDMEs in Martinique by characterizing them on these plans, the second on the search for causal variants by a Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technique called CoDEseq (Copy number variation Detection and Exome sequencing). The inventory of RNDMEs in Martinique and the experimental work of data analysis of NGS, are the first works of this type, in the field and in our region.The CoDEseq method is innovative because it allows whole exome analysis in the detection of Single Nucleodis Variants (SNVs) and Copy Number Variants (CNVs). It had almost never been used in the analysis of RNDMEs. We used it because it is a method of choice for searching for both simple and structural variants. The results show a diagnostic cost-effectiveness of 58% since we identified a variant probably pathogenic in 7 patients out of 12 tested. We found these variants in known RNDMEs genes sometimes described in Asian populations, but also of African or Caucasian descent. Some of these genes may be involved in several symptomatologies, confirming the finding of overlap in these diseases.This work lays the epidemiological basis for RNDMEs in the West Indies and provides a basis for a registry in this area. On the experimental level, it allow to propose a molecular cause associated with previously described or new variations. It is also a proof of concept regarding the bioinformatics means of analyzing NGS data in Martinique. It paves the way for other work of the same kind, susceptible to draw up the gene specificities of the RNDMEs in our region and to expand the data in the scientific and medical literature
Las Enfermedades Neuro-Degenerativas Raras con Expresión Motora (ENDREM) son un grupo muy heterogéneo de patologías neurodegenerativas de fisiopatología adquirida o innata que pueden presentarse a cualquier edad. Tienen un impacto específico en las estructuras neurológicas centrales o periféricas involucradas en la actividad motora. Estas estructuras están funcional y topográficamente próximas a los centros de cognición. Así, bajo ciertas condiciones, la neurodegeneración de las estructuras motoras impacta las funciones cognitivas. Producen trastornos de la marcha y / o del equilibrio, una disminución o ausencia de movimiento, un deterioro cognitivo variado que puede llegar hasta la demencia. Las ENDREM son esporádicas o familiares. Estos últimos tienen un componente hereditario y, por tanto, representan modelos de estudio interesantes porque ofrecen la posibilidad de analizar el ADN de familiares y así aumentar el poder de investigación de los factores genéticos implicados en una sintomatología familiar. para las ENDREMs, lo que permite la clasificación pero también la hace más compleja porque se puede observar que un mismo gen puede estar involucrado en varias patologías y una patología puede ser causada por diferentes genes. En consecuencia, en las ENDREMs se observan síntomas atípicos, solapamientos clínicos o enfermedades alélicas.En las Antillas francesas, los datos de la literatura sobre las ENDREMs son limitados pero ricos en ciertas observaciones que confirman la búsqueda de las ENDREMs atípicas como síndrome de Parkinson del Caribe atípico. En el nivel genético, las investigaciones de diagnóstico se limitan a los campos médicos basados en la Francia metropolitana y con mayor frecuencia sobre la comparación de datos genómicos de poblaciones caucásicas.El trabajo de tesis gira en torno a 2 aspectos: el primero, clínico y genético, ha permitido elaborar un inventario de las ENDREMs en Martinica caracterizándolas en estos planos, el segundo sobre la búsqueda de variantes causales mediante una secuenciación de próxima generación (NGS) técnica denominada CoDEseq (Detección de variación de número de copias y secuenciación de exomas). El inventario de ENDREMs en Martinica y el trabajo experimental de análisis de datos de NGS, son los primeros trabajos de este tipo, en el campo y en nuestra región.El método CoDEseq es innovador porque permite el análisis del exoma completo en la detección de variantes de núcleo único (SNV) y variantes de número de copias (CNV). Casi nunca se había utilizado en el análisis de las ENDREMs. Lo usamos porque es un método de elección para buscar variantes simples y estructurales. Los resultados muestran una rentabilidad diagnóstica del 58% ya que identificamos una variante probablemente patogénica en 7 pacientes de los 12 analizados.Encontramos estas variantes en genes ENDREMs conocidos que a veces se describen en poblaciones asiáticas, pero también de ascendencia africana o caucásica. Algunos de estos genes pueden estar implicados en varias sintomatologías, lo que confirma el hallazgo de superposición en estas enfermedades.Este trabajo sienta las bases epidemiológicas para las ENDREMs en las Indias Occidentales y proporciona una base para un registro en esta área. A nivel experimental, permite proponer una causa molecular asociada a variaciones nuevas o descritas anteriormente. También es una prueba de concepto con respecto a los medios bioinformáticos de analizar datos NGS en Martinica.Allana el camino para otros trabajos del mismo tipo, susceptibles de trazar las especificidades genéticas de las ENDREMs en nuestra región y ampliar los datos en la literatura científica y médica
Cornuau, Frédérique. "Vie et mort des entreprises en Aquitaine : analyse démographique des entreprises à partir d'un fichier administratif." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR40029.
Full textMakoundou, Esaï. "Analyse des statistiques imparfaites. Evolution démographique des pays francophones d'Afrique centrale (Cameroun, Congo, Gabon, République centrafricaine, Tchad)." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00389502.
Full textInan, Ceren. "Dynamique démographique de la population active occupée en France." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814734.
Full textZurfluh, Anselm. "Analyse ethno-historique d'un "isolat" démographique et socio-culturel du monde alpin alémanique : Uri / Suisse : cohérence et dynamique d'un modèle culturel traditionnel." Nice, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NICE2017.
Full textEthno-historical analysis, diachronical (X-XX century), traditional alpine, mountain society (Uri Switzerland). Society which resists with a certain success against "modernity". This is possible because of the particular mental and ideological structuration that remains "archaie". This conservatisme is successful thanks to different historical and anthropological facts : 1) fectonical isolation ; 2) diversificated economy (agro-pastoralism, mercenaty-service, transportation over the St. Gothard-Pass, accomodation) ; 3) strong homoganic, endogamic, traditional family system ; 4) strong political and social community-behaviour ; 5) strong cultural pattern (pre-capitalist, catholic, magical "Wettanschauung"). The different chapters treat following problems from an ideological standpoint : 1) space time perception ; 2) demography 3) economy 4) political and religious pattern, life-style ; 5) a cultural pattern, based on theoretical and ideological analysis. Conclusion : this society treats all sectors of life in fonction of a "transcendental" and "absolute reference" which gives a stable and atemporal frame to individual behaviour
Poitras-Lefebvre, Isabelle. "Évolution des traits culturels québécois dans la publicité par cohorte socio-démographique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26089/26089.pdf.
Full textGolaz, Valérie. "Croissance démographique, pression foncière et diversification économique : une analyse biographique des stratégies de survie à Magenche (Gucha District, Kenya)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002IEPP0003.
Full textNguyen-Van, Quoc-Anh Denis. "Evolution des effectifs médicaux à l'assistance publique - hôpitaux de Paris - un modèle démographique markovien poissonnien, analyse statistique et résultats." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05S011.
Full textNganawara, Didier. "L'accès des migrants au premier emploi en milieu urbain : une étude démographique appliquée à la ville de Bangui." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010534.
Full textKaddour, Khaled. "Analyse prospective d'un système en transition : des futurs qui n'ont pas eu lieu aux futurs possibles ; le cas de la Tunisie." Paris, CNAM, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CNAM0507.
Full textYaro, Yakouba K. "Pourquoi l'expansion de l'enseignement primaire est-elle si difficile au Burkina-Faso ? : une analyse socio-démographique des déterminants et des perspectives scolaires de 1960 à 2006." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010638.
Full textIn the Sahelian country of Burkina Faso, which lies in the heart of West Africa, only 30% of the children (7-14 years) has received any edudaction. An educational indicator such as this places the country among the most poorly educated nations of the word. This educational state is due, in part, to two different types of factors : non-educational factors on the one hand (run-away demographic growth, economic activity, cultural and religious practices, etc) and, on the other hand, factors directly related to the schools themselves and what they offer (costof education, benefits of education. . . ) Through this macrospatial analysis of Burkina Faso, the reader will see that, although education has been globally weak since the country gained its independance, it varies somewhat between the city and the country, as well as between peoples of differnt beliefs, and different socioeconomic groups. This difference demontrates that the evolution of education in Burkina Faso is due, not merely to the relationship between its availability and its demand, but also to the factorsd inherent in or associated with education. In bringing to light the influence of divers factors, this work attempts to demonstrate that education in Burkina Faso is undergoing enormous difficulties along the road to its development
Zaepfel, Christophe. "Démo-géographie de la précarité et de la pauvreté." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00763189.
Full textCaron, Bernard. "Capture-Recapture. Problématique des listes incomplètes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26263/26263.pdf.
Full textPellen, Nadine. "Hasard, coïncidence, prédestination… et s’il fallait plutôt regarder du côté de nos aïeux ? : analyse démographique et historique des réseaux généalogiques et des structures familiales des patients atteints de mucoviscidose en Bretagne." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS004S.
Full textThe population at the root of this study is composed of patients clinically diagnosed as suffering from cystic fibrosis and having lived in Brittany some time in the course of the past fifty years. Their ancestry was traced back with the help of genealogy centres and brought together more than 250 000 kinspeople. The resulting data base, built up from these patients’ genetic and genealogical characteristics, was then used to study how the demographic patterns of the past could explain the frequency and geographical distribution of cystic fibrosis as it appears in today’s Brittany. The carriers who share the same CF mutation are kindreds. The mapping of their common ancestors’ living places shows a differential distribution, depending on specific CF mutations. These genetic relatednesses enable us to trace back the route followed by the CF gene. At the ancestors’ level, we observed marital unions at an early age, particularly for women, and frequent remarriage, particularly for men. As a consequence, married couples were prolific, thus allowing more genetic transmissions. And the geographical stability that prevailed at the time of the wedding does not seem to produce genetic diversity. Moreover, we reckoned that in terms of life expectancy there might be some selective advantage to being a healthy carrier. Inbreeding - a cause frequently referred to as an explanation for the large number of CF affected patients in Brittany - was in no way a key factor in this study. Only 0,8 % were born from first or second cousin unions. At the ancestors’ level, we must go back to the 7th generation to see a higher proportion of close kinship. Therefore, more often than consanguinity, endogamy tends to carry on a certain degree of genetic homogeneity. CF frequency of occurrence and its Breton distribution today can be accounted for by the presence of a harmful gene combined with high fertility, a relatively settled population with a limited availability of possible partners, and the selective advantage this harmful gene was for healthy carriers. This study helps to increase historical, geographical and social knowledge of CF throughout successive generations. Lt enables us to have a collective more than individual approach of the CF mutation. Lt also has t a prospective effect as a tool for the testing center and the staff
Bouslimani, Azzedine. "Eléments pour une caractérisation économique du contenu qualitatif du développement. Une analyse à partir de la relation éducation-croissance en Algérie (1875-2000)." Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON10056.
Full textDe, Andrade Noémie. "Projections de besoins sociaux à l’échelle locale : apports des projections démographiques et des microsimulations à un questionnement de politiques publiques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAG024.
Full textWhen it comes to fighting against and reducing social and economic inequalities, the state is a key actor since it plays a “bandmaster” role. The action of local authorities towards territorial imbalances is crucial in social matters and is also multiform depending on territorial specificities and allocated competencies. In order to adapt their public policies and to answer populations’ social needs, local authorities may choose to adopt a forward-looking approach. In this context, local demographic projection methods might give some answers but those remain partial and show their limits when it comes to preventing the evolution of other phenomena such as seclusion, family setup, lack of professional activity, etc. While microsimulations show certain limits, they answer two primordial aspects of our problematic. On the one hand, by embracing a larger set of variables and hypotheses they offer a more precise answer to future populations’ needs. On the other hand, microsimulations are more adapted to the local aspect of the problematic from a methodological angle and they can preserve the link between households and their housing throughout the projection exercise
Genevois-Malherbe, Paskall. "Les majeurs protégés en France : dénombrement, caractéristiques et dynamique d'une sous-population méconnue." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718644.
Full textMalherbe, Paskall Alice Cathy Marie. "Les majeurs protégés en France : dénombrement, caractéristiques et dynamique d’une sous-population méconnue." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40010/document.
Full textThe sub-population of wards in France has changed significantly, both in size and composition, sinceLaw no. 68-5 of 3 January 1968 on incapacitated adults came into force. However, a lack a statisticaldata means it is still badly known. To improve our knowledge of the sub-population of wards, ademographic analysis of its dynamics was conducted. The purpose was to fill knowledge gaps relatingto the existing population of vulnerable adults under guardianship (e.g. number, sex, age) and to thecharacteristics of the court orders establishing, amending or ending guardianship (e.g. frequency,flows). Thanks to a multi-source approach the study identifies what derives from the changes inbehaviour relating to the establishment of guardianship and from the changes undergone by the Frenchpopulation in terms of age structure and health. The study highlights a strong but changing relationshipbetween the type of guardianship and the characteristics of individual wards. The study may also serveas a starting point for further analysis of the sub-population of wards following recent changes in thelaw
Blanchet, Didier. "Conséquences économiques des changements démographiques : modèles et analyses empiriques." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989IEPP0014.
Full textEconomic implications of demographic change are often difficult to assess. We use both theoretical modelling and econometric analysis to evaluate some of them. The first part examines the impact of aggregate population growth on economic growth in various economic growth models, e. G. The malthusian model, the neo-classical growth model and models with endogenous technical progress. Theoretical results are confronted with empirical evidence, historical for today's ldcs. The second part introduces age-structure effects. It discusses how far population aging can outweigh the potential benefits of reduced population growth, with some theoretical results concerning the optimal growth rate of a population. The same theoretical framework is then applied to discussing the impact of population change on pension systems (funded or pay-asyou-go). The last part discusses the impact of population change when markets are in disequilibrium. The case of a single market is illustrated with an econometric analysis of the French housing market. The case of interdependant markets is illustrated by discussing the links between population change and unemployment, under the assumption that both the labour market and the market for goods are out of equilibrium. This allows to derive economic configurations where population growth can have a positive or a negative impact on unemployment
Doliger, Cédric. "Démographie, fécondité et croissance économique en France : une analyse cliométrique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/DOLIGER_Cedric_2006.pdf.
Full textHaraoubia, Imane. "L'espace régional en Algérie : étude de cas de la région Nord-Centre." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1101.
Full textRegional space in Algeria today is characterised by a large, developed metropolis, concentrating human potential and various activities; and the rest, marginalized and living in the shade of the former. The political and economic changes played a significant role in its evolution, management and organization. The Northern-Central region (encompassing 10 wilayas), marked by the crushing weight of the capital, is the most touched by territorial iniquities. Measuring these iniquities and identifying their progressions and origins led us to analyse the population repartition (1987-2008) and the socio-economic conditions. The results showed an important demographic imbalance, and obvious inequalities between the wilayas of the region. The natural environment and the political choices were at the origin of the unequal development, and its reinforcement. Social conditions and security issues were thus determining factors in the concentration of the population, and more recently in the deceleration of the migration flow. Being interested in the planning of the North-Central region, and through the qualitative analysis of its process, we highlighted the non-existent implementation as well as a certain number of constraints and obstacles in the study phase. We also noted the existence of a shift between the practices on the ground and the strategies retained for the reduction of inequalities
Letendre, Maude. "Analyse démogénétique de la contribution des fondateurs irlandais au peuplement du Québec et de ses régions." Thèse, Université Laval, 2007. http://constellation.uqac.ca/437/1/24979284.pdf.
Full textSahli, Anne Marie. "La population de la ville d'Alger : analyse spatialisée de la population, essai de projections démographiques." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010563.
Full textThe first volume of the thesis brings new and detailed information concerning the natural change of population and population migrations in Algiers and the Algiers region since independance (1962). With this new information it is possible to test theories of anticipated population movements in the years to come (1977-1997). In the second volume a method of population analysis is put forward, based on spatial partition of the built up area (at the level of the block of houses). On the same basis we then propose the grouping together of blocks whose resident populations are of homogenous character. It is not necessary for the blocks to be geographically adjacent. The outcome is groups of blocks of homogenous character. Each of these groups becomes the object of prospective study depending of the different possible assumptions to be derived from the study of the natural change of population and population migration. The analysis is backed up by a number of maps produced by computer. The results of these theoritical projections are given for each period of fine years between 1977 to 1997 and are consistant with the actual results of the Algerian census of march 1987being published. The elaboration of population projections is a way of putting the method to the test. This method of spatial analysis of population can be used with other ends in view
Drapeau, Maude, and Maude Drapeau. "Impacts macroéconomiques des changements démographiques : une approche avec générations imbriquées." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25082.
Full textTableau d’honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2013-2014.
Ce mémoire présente un modèle macroéconomique pouvant servir d’outil pour l’analyse des impacts macroéconomiques du vieillissement de la population québécoise. Le point de départ est le modèle à générations imbriquées de Gertler (1999), dans lequel deux catégories d’agents consommateurs interagissent : les travailleurs et les retraités. Chacun fait face à des contingences individuelles, notamment le passage d’un état de travailleur à celui de retraité puis, au décès. Notre étude enrichit le modèle de Gertler en ajoutant un deuxième bien au panier de consommation, à l’aide d’une fonction d’utilité à élasticité de substitution constante entre les deux types de biens. Ce deuxième bien représente la consommation de soins de santé et le modèle est étalonné de manière à ce que le poids accordé à cette composante de l’utilité augmente au cours du cycle de vie du ménage. La solution dynamique du modèle est simulée et permet d’évaluer la trajectoire de différentes variables macroéconomiques comme le PIB, les dépenses publiques, le taux d’intérêt et les salaires, à la suite d’un choc démographique.
Ce mémoire présente un modèle macroéconomique pouvant servir d’outil pour l’analyse des impacts macroéconomiques du vieillissement de la population québécoise. Le point de départ est le modèle à générations imbriquées de Gertler (1999), dans lequel deux catégories d’agents consommateurs interagissent : les travailleurs et les retraités. Chacun fait face à des contingences individuelles, notamment le passage d’un état de travailleur à celui de retraité puis, au décès. Notre étude enrichit le modèle de Gertler en ajoutant un deuxième bien au panier de consommation, à l’aide d’une fonction d’utilité à élasticité de substitution constante entre les deux types de biens. Ce deuxième bien représente la consommation de soins de santé et le modèle est étalonné de manière à ce que le poids accordé à cette composante de l’utilité augmente au cours du cycle de vie du ménage. La solution dynamique du modèle est simulée et permet d’évaluer la trajectoire de différentes variables macroéconomiques comme le PIB, les dépenses publiques, le taux d’intérêt et les salaires, à la suite d’un choc démographique.
Visconti, Jean-François. "Risque moral, confiance et culture : validité et déterminants socio-démographiques du construit de confiance générale." Paris, ENSAM, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENAM0044.
Full textWe present two empirical studies about the cultural determinants of the general trust attitude and its influence on consumer behavior. A survey conducted between 1999 and 2003 on a sample of 103 persons shows the validity of two general trust scales (General Trust and Turst in People) and their abiblity to evaluate an individual's propension to buy on the internet. The data from the World Value Survey (1990-1993), wich includes the Trust in People scale, show that nationality has a stronger influence on trust then socio-demographic variables (sex, age, eduction level, income, size of town, marital status and religion). We also find that trust is strongly correlated with the cultural dimensions of individualism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity (trust is higher in scandinavian and english-speaking countries than in continental Europe and South America). Finally, we show that trust levels are strongly correlated with an index of electronic commerce development. We conclude that general trust is a cultural variable and that this partly explains with electronic commerce grows at a difference speed in different countries
Palm, Wierkome François d'Assise. "Nuptialité et compensation matrimoniale chez les Dagara du Burkina Faso : une analyse de démographie compréhensive." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB238.
Full textIn demographic litterature, it is unanimously accepted that the median and average ages for entering a first marriage and the rates of common-law unions and permanent celibacy increase with economic development, raised education levels and urbanization. However, the Southwest of Burkina Faso, despite its level of poverty, low literacy rate and rurality, has nuptiality indicators comparable to those of the Centre and Hauts Bassins regions where are located the capital Ouagadougou and the second largest city Bobo Dioulasso respectively. This paradoxical finding widens the research field regarding the determining factors of nuptiality. Consenquently, the matrimonial process is to be scrutinized of ethnic groups in the region, where matrimonial compensation is required even though officially prohibited in Burkina. To what extent can matrimonial compensation, which is an anthropological category, determine demographic paterns? In view of the impossibility of extending the study to all ethnic groups in the Southwest, the research is focused on the Dagara who represent 38% of inhabitants and of whom 40% are Christian. Christianity represents a crucial change. The methodological tool for this research is the comprehensive demographic approach, which is rooted in change and response theory
Rougier, Éric. "Les interactions entre la croissance économique et la croissance démographique dans les pays en développement : théorie, méthodes et analyses empiriques." Bordeaux 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR40028.
Full textThat work is aimed at linking population and economic growth firstly on a traditional one way framework, and then on a multivariate analysis framework giving emphasis on dynamic interactions between the strategic variables. The whole thesis is built on both these perspectives. It suggests a way of renewing the population-economics question. The malthusian and neo-classical traditional foundations are first challenged. The approach of interactions between population and economic growth is then modelised in the original framework of endogeneous growth models, endogenizing population growth. The welfare effects of population growth are then no longer necessarily adverse. In some cases, rapid population growth can even stimulate economic progress. That theoretical model is also estimated on panel data from developing countries. Most of the theoretical hypothesis are then proved relevant. The results are able to renew the traditional pictures about the economic consequences of rapid population growth. That analysis is finally of significance for the definition of population policy and economic development strategies
Munno, Cristina <1975>. "L'écheveau des parentèles au village : dynamiques démographiques, mobilisations réticulaires et parcours individuels dans une communauté de Vénétie au XIXe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1065.
Full textThe study is made from the complete reconstruction of an industrial Italian village (textile industry) in the 19th century: Follina, in Venetia. In the 19th century, the local population rose from 1,200 inhabitants to nearly 1600. Kinship is called to report empirically its role in the transmission of the values and social capitals with regard to the community context. Kinship is observed by its ability to influence interpersonal and intergenerational relationship. Thesis' narrative is divided into two parts. On the one hand an analysis of context, relationships and positions, in an almost microhistorical way, on the other hand more sophisticated analysis using methods of formal Social Network Analysis and methods of Event History Analysis. Analyses focus on demographic events such as marriage, migration, death and birth control (source population registers). Through studies on the godparenthood relation, as an important social relation, it is possible to estimate in an original way the quality of the kinships' practices. The survey goes to the sense to place each actor (families, individuals) in the exact "availability" and the "quality" which he has in the village. While considering other variables such as socio-economic, gender, age, it could be observe what are the priorities given in families, how to define the demographic choices and availability of kin when managing the emergencies and mutual support.
Nella tesi si ricostruiscono completamente gli eventi di un villaggio tessile nel XIX secolo: Follina nel Veneto. Viene messo in evidenza il rapporto della parentela con il contesto comunitario e la sua capacità di influenzare le relazioni interpersonali ed intergenerazionali, di trasmettere valori e capitale sociale. Da un lato si procede con un'analisi microstorica della vita comunitaria, da un altro lato si procede attraverso sofisticati strumenti di analisi delle reti sociali e strumenti di demografia storica per l'analisi longitudinale. Lo studio si concentra su eventi come il matrimonio, la migrazione, la morte e il controllo delle nascite. La parentela è ricostruita sia da parte matrilineare che patrilineare. Attraverso il padrinato di battesimo, utilizzato in modo originale, è possibile stimare la "pratica concreta della parentela" in termini qualitativi. Le priorità che portavano alle diverse scelte demografiche, oltre che nel contesto parentale, sono viste per la condizione socio-economica, il genere, l'età.
Lesclingand, Marie. "Nouvelles pratiques migratoires féminines et redéfinition des systèmes de genre : une analyse à partir des changements démographiques en milieu rural malien." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004IEPP0039.
Full textNelva-Pasqual, Alain. "Biogéographie, démographie et écologie de Chondrostoma nasus nasus (L. , 1758) (Hotu, Poisson, Téléostéen, Cyprinidé)." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO19059.
Full textLagarde, Emmanuel. "Epidemiologie de l'infection à VIH en Afrique : analyse des facteurs démographiques, sociologiques et comportementaux : une étude de cas en zone rurale au Sénégal." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MNHN0026.
Full textJenouvrier, Stéphanie. "Influence de la variabilité environnementale sur les stratégies démographiques des populations de prédateurs supérieurs : la communauté d'oiseaux marins en Antarctique." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066413.
Full textMekherbeche, Ghalem. "Emploi et chômage en Algérie, évolution et transformaion de 1966 à 2014." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2012.
Full textThis study aims to analyze employment, unemployment and their evolution in Algeria from 1966 to 2014 and their socio-demographic point of view. The study of the Algerian workforce has shown that there has been a profound transformation due to demographic and economic events which stand out as milestones such as: the expansion of informal work, women in the workforce, decreasing public sector employment and the collapse of agriculture. The analysis of studies by the ONS show the impact of these elements on the rate of activity. The latter has shown a large increase during periods of crisis and particularlyduring the 1990's.This demand was the result of the increase of population and the development of women in the workforce. Unemployment reached its lowest level in 1984. This reduction is due to low population demand and the political and economic situation in the 1970's. From 1986, unemployment increased and reached its peak in the 1990's. This rise was due to a number of factors: the arrival of the baby-boomers and an increased number of women in the workplace, low petrol prices, and the political and security crisis. From 2000 to 2013 unemployment lessened. In fact, the high price of petrol in this period created a large number of precarious jobs and a drop in demand. From 2014, unemployment increased while the price of petrol fell.This work also studies the marketplace on a local level via 5 communes in wilaya d'Oran. The analysis of the information reveals a strong female participation, almost half of them have tertiary qualifications. That has influenced the total activity which is higher than the national average. Employment is low in the communes with an industrial structure and more important in built-up areas.The study shows that the level of education for first job seekers plays an important role between the employment of men and women: the age of tertiary educated men and women entering their first job is almost equal, where the level of education of men and women is equal or less than the average, women enter the workforce later than men. The study reveals that the level of job-seekers is higher than the national average. The level of unemployment is higher in the labour pool of the communes of wilaya d'Oran
Guilmoto, Christophe Z. "Un siècle de démographie tamoule : évaluation des sources et analyse de l'évolution de la population du Tamil Nadu de 1871 à 1981." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010601.
Full textThis work is the first demographie study devoted to a specific regional population in India, I. E. The present day state of Tamil Nadu constituted by the Tamil speaking areas of south India. The dissertation's first part is devoted to the critical examination of the sources, starting with the census of India which was the first institution of demographic surveillance set up by the British during the last century. The numerous shortcomings of the data are analysed from a siociological and statistical standpoint. The second part endeavours to reconstruct the main demographic data over the period 1871-1981. Tamil Nadu's population by sex and district, intercensal migrants (both international and interregional) and estimates of the vital rates following various indirect estimation techniques. The last and biggest part of this work describes the changing conditions of population growth in Tamil Nadu. Particular stress is put on the following aspects of Tamil Nadu's population history: the last subsistance and epidemic crises, the decline of mortality after WW1, the fluctuations of the birth rate in relation with nuptiality, urban growth and concentration from 1921 onwarde, the history of international migration. .
Gagnon, Nicolas. "Mesure et analyse de l'effet fondateur dans les populations de Charlevoix et du Bas-Saint-Laurent." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1998. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textGuyavarch, Emmanuelle. "Démographie et santé de la reproduction en Afrique sub-saharienne. Analyse des évolutions en cours : Une étude de cas : l'observatoire de population de Bandafassi (Sénégal)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MNHN0038.
Full textLocated in a rural area particularly disadvantaged in Senegal, the population of Bandafassi has experienced a very high level of mortality documented from the early 1970s to the mid-1980s and evidence indicates that infant and child mortality has began to decline at the end of the 1980s, due in particular to vaccinations. Fertility remains stable at the high level. Changes will be conditioned on the spread of voluntary birth control, a process which is still in its very early stages of initiation and susceptible to reversal as indicated by the result of an in-depth survey of contraceptive knowledge and practice
Paireau, Juliette. "Epidémiologie spatiale de la méningite à méningocoque au Niger - Influence des facteurs climatiques, épidémiologiques et socio-démographiques sur la dynamique spatio-temporelle des épidémies." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066298/document.
Full textEpidemics of meningococcal meningitis are a major public health problem in Niger. The objective of the thesis is to contribute to a better understanding of the spatio-temporal dynamics of these epidemics and their risk factors, in order to improve control strategies. Statistical methods of spatial epidemiology are applied to surveillance data from 2003 to 2010, at the scale of health centre catchment areas (HCCAs).First, important features of the spatio-temporal distribution of cases are highlighted by methods of spatial autocorrelation and spatial scan: low extent of the spatio-temporal clusters, spatial heterogeneity, inter-annual variability… The analysis suggests that the HCCA scale could be more efficient for epidemic response. An explanatory Bayesian hierarchical model is then developed at the HCCA level. The model suggests that the spatio-temporal variability of meningococcal A incidence results from variations in the intensity or duration of climatic factors, and is further impacted by factors of spatial contacts.Finally, a predictive model is developed, based on climatic conditions, neighbourhood interactions and early cases, in order to estimate the risk of occurrence of a localized epidemic. The early warning system thus formulated could improve outbreak detection and reactive vaccination. Our results bring new insights into the meningococcal meningitis epidemics in Niger. They allow the formulation of operational recommendations that could contribute to the elaboration of more effective strategies for control and prevention of epidemics
Dramé, Moustapha. "Analyse de la fragilité du sujet âgé au travers de la mortalité dans la cohorte SAFES (Sujet âgé fragile-évaluation et suivi)." Reims, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REIMM202.
Full textGalanaud, Anne. "Démographie et société à Dijon à la fin du Moyen-âge (1357-1447) : à partir d'une analyse informatique des registres des comptes de l'impôt des marcs." Besançon, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01166860.
Full textThis work analyses an annual fiscal document established in Dijon between 1357 and 1447 with specially designed computer software. The amount paid, the location of households and the professions of heads of households reveal the heterogeneity of the urban social structure. In the northern part of the city, densely populated, live most of the wealthiest citizens. Numerous craftsmen are also present, settled around the Marché Vieux and in the rue des Forges, close to the Suzon River. The South is less densely inhabited and dominated by the two major abbeys and religious houses, with also a significant presence of craftsmen. The suburbs, where winegrowers are the more numerous, have their specificity. Saint-Nicolas suburb looks like a small town of its own and Saint-Philibert suburb shelters tanners and fishmongers. The impact of warfare and of brigandage is visible on suburbs demography, which are deserted by the richest. The conjunction of demographic and individual data outlines the singularity of each major plague. The consequences of the 1348 epidemic are still present in the 1357 registrar. The onset of the 1400-1401 plague is brutal, but mortality does not spread uniformly in the city. The plague of 1428 is characterized by its impact on the structure of the families. The 1438-1439 epidemic only transiently impacts the demographic recovery, powered by the exodus of migrants fleeing unsafe areas. The origins of heads of households can be approached by the study of surnames. Most of them come from the Val de Saône, and from the wider area of influence of Dijon in the North and East