Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Analyse multidimensionnelle des donnees'
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Drouet, d'Aubigny Gérard Romier Guy Van Cutsem Bernard. "L'analyse multidimensionnelle des données de dissimilarité." S.l. : Université Grenoble 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00332393.
Full textHILLALI, YOUNES Diday Edwin. "ANALYSE ET MODELISATION DES DONNEES PROBABILISTES : CAPACITES ET LOIS MULTIDIMENSIONNELLES /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1998. ftp://ftp.inria.fr/INRIA/publication/Theses/TU-0513.ps.gz.
Full textGoulard, Michel. "Champs spatiaux et statistique multidimensionnelle." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376138909.
Full textDrouet, d'Aubigny Gérard. "L'analyse multidimensionnelle des données de dissimilarité : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Grenoble 1, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00332393.
Full textSalmi-Boukhari, Btissam. "Intégration de données pour la qualité de la viande chez le porc : Méta-analyse et analyse multidimensionnelle." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AGPT0060/document.
Full textMeat quality includes criteria of different importance depending on the animal species. Meat quality is a significant economic factor in pork production, and numerous publications have shown that it is strongly influenced by the interaction between genetic type (especially the halothane gene (Hal) and Napole yield gene (RN)), breeding conditions, and pre-slaughter and slaughter conditions of animals. The European Union, longtime leader of the globalmarket of pork and pork products, now faces increasing competition from other countries,including Brazil, the United States and China. This thesis project is part of a multidisciplinary European project on improving the quality of pork and pork products for the consumer. One of the modules of this project is dedicated to the integration of existing and upcoming data to produce a model for predicting technological and sensory pork quality, based on animal,production, and slaughter information. The objective of this thesis is to synthesize existing knowledge derived from bibliographic and experimental data relating to the main factors influencing meat quality within a meta-analysis, which is a statistical approach combining the results of a series of independent studies on a given problem. The results of this work have confirmed the effect of the halothane gene, as well as fasting, transport and lairage times on most of the analyzed parameters of technological pork meat quality. Indeed, our meta-analysis confirmed the significant effect of the halothane gene on all the analyzed meat quality attributes. However, the halothane gene effect was associated with the breed effect only for the following variables: L*-value (reflectance), b*-value (yellowness) and DL (drip loss). Slaughter weight contributed significantly only to the explanation of differences in ultimate pH between homozygous genotypes: NN and nn. Regarding the preslaughter conditions, the results of our meta-analysis showed that fasting time had a significant effect on pHu and DL measured in longissimus muscle. While, lairage affected only the pHu in semimembranosusmuscle. Interestingly, we found that DL was the lonely attribute significantly affected by transport time and its interaction with fasting time. The significant effect of the vitamin E supplementation on lipid oxidation process in pork and, therefore, affect the technological meat quality, was demonstrated by using a non linear meta-analytic regression model. Statistically, the comparison between the Bayesian and frequentist meta-analytic approaches has highlighted the ability of the hierarchical Bayesian model to reduce uncertainty in parameter estimates, especially when the number of studies included in the meta-analysis is relatively limited. In addition to the meta-analytic approach, an exploratory study by multivariate analyses was performed to identify the correlations among a large number of variables structured into separate groups. Our results showed that the variables which discriminated the five classes of breed (Large White and Basque pigs) x rearing system (conventional, alternative and extensive) were the same as those discriminating individuals. Indeed, a first group composed of transcriptomic, chemical and technological variables discriminated breeds. Slaughter reactivity variables discriminated rearing systems, especially the Basque pigs reared in the extensive system
Laassel, El-Mostafa. "Analyse et modélisation multidimensionelles de la marche humaine." Valenciennes, 1992. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/ad74bd8a-f01e-4436-b58d-831899774598.
Full textLassami, Nacerredine. "Représentations parcimonieuses et analyse multidimensionnelle : méthodes aveugles et adaptatives." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IMTA0139.
Full textDuring the last decade, the mathematical and statistical study of sparse signal representations and their applications in audio, image, video processing and source separation has been intensively active. However, exploiting sparsity in multidimensional processing contexts such as digital communications remains a largely open problem. At the same time, the blind methods seem to be the answer to a lot of problems recently encountered by the signal processing and the communications communities such as the spectral efficiency. Furthermore, in a context of mobility and non-stationarity, it is important to be able to implement adaptive processing solutions of low algorithmic complexity to ensure reduced consumption of devices. The objective of this thesis is to address these challenges of multidimensional processing by proposing blind solutions of low computational cost by using the sparsity a priori. Our work revolves around three main axes: sparse principal subspace tracking, adaptive sparse source separation and identification of sparse systems. For each problem, we propose new adaptive solutions by integrating the sparsity information to the classical methods in order to improve their performance. Numerical simulations have been conducted to confirm the superiority of the proposed methods compared to the state of the art
Ghalamallah, Ilhème. "Proposition d'un modèle d'analyse exploratoire multidimensionnelle dans un contexte d'intelligence économique." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU30293.
Full textA successful business is often conditioned by its ability to identify, collect, process and disseminate information for strategic purposes. Moreover, information technology and knowledge provide constraints that companies must adapt : a continuous stream, a circulation much faster techniques increasingly complex. The risk of being swamped by this information and no longer able to distinguish the essential from the trivial. Indeed, with the advent of new economy dominated by the market, the problem of industrial and commercial enterprise is become very complex. Now, to be competitive, the company must know how to manage their intangible capital. Competitive Intelligence (CI) is a response to the upheavals of the overall business environment and more broadly to any organization. In an economy where everything moves faster and more complex, management Strategic Information has become a key driver of overall business performance. CI is a process and an organizational process that can be more competitive, by monitoring its environment and its dynamics. In this context, we found that much information has strategic significance to the relationship: links between actors in the field, semantic networks, alliances, mergers, acquisitions, collaborations, co-occurrences of all kinds. Our work consists in proposing a model of multivariate analysis dedicated to the IE. This approach is based on the extraction of knowledge by analyzing the evolution of relational databases. We offer a model for understanding the activity of actors in a given field, but also their interactions their development and strategy, this decision in perspective. This approach is based on the designing a system of generic information online analysis to homogenize and organize text data in relational form, and thence to extract implicit knowledge of the content and formatting are adapted to non-specialist decision makers in the field of knowledge extraction
Jausions-Picaud, Claire. "Analyse en composantes curvilignes et representation de donnees multidimensionnelles : application au routage adaptatif de messages." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0080.
Full textUrruty, Thierry. "Optimisation de l'indexation multidimensionnelle : application aux descripteurs multimédia." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Urruty.pdf.
Full textJean, Villerd. "Représentations visuelles adaptatives de connaissances associant projection multidimensionnelle (MDS) et analyse de concepts formels (FCA)." Paris, ENMP, 2008. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004559.
Full textInformation retrieval tools are faced with the constant increase of data both in volume and in dimensionality and the traditional list of results no longer meet many applications' requirements. New visual representation techniques are needed. These new techniques have to provide an overview of large and multidimensional data sets that gives insights into the underlying trends and structures. They must also be able to represent, in detail, portions of the original data from different standpoints. The aim is to assist the user in her data exploration task by designing a shrewd link between general and local views, that maintains her mental map. In order to achieve this goal, we develop a combination of data analysis techniques that identify pertinent portions of data as well as information visualization techniques that intuitively and dynamically explore these portions of data in detail. In addition, a formalization of the visualization process is needed. We introduce a formal frame that is used to specify visualizations from data structures. Concretely, the solution proposed is an original navigation method that combines techniques from Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) and Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) visualization approaches to suggest navigation paths in the data. This method is based on the "overview + detail" paradigm: One component is an overall view which summarises the underlying structure of the data. A second component is a local view showing an element of the overall view in detail. We take advantage of the classification skills of the Galois lattice by using it as the overall view that reveals the inner data structure and suggests possible navigation paths. The local view uses Multi-Dimensional Scaling to display the objects in the extent of a selected concept. We illustrate and discuss the pertinence of our method on concrete data sets, provided by our industrial partners, and show how hybridisation of FCA and traditional data visualization approaches, which have sometimes been considered distinct or incompatible, can be complementary
Tournier, Ronan. "Analyse en ligne (OLAP) de documents." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348094.
Full textBouadi, Tassadit. "Analyse multidimensionnelle interactive de résultats de simulation : aide à la décision dans le domaine de l'agroécologie." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00933375.
Full textEl, Haddadi Anass. "Fouille multidimensionnelle sur les données textuelles visant à extraire les réseaux sociaux et sémantiques pour leur exploitation via la téléphonie mobile." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1378/.
Full textCompetition is a fundamental concept of the liberal economy tradition that requires companies to resort to Competitive Intelligence (CI) in order to be advantageously positioned on the market, or simply to survive. Nevertheless, it is well known that it is not the strongest of the organizations that survives, nor the most intelligent, but rather, the one most adaptable to change, the dominant factor in society today. Therefore, companies are required to remain constantly on a wakeful state to watch for any change in order to make appropriate solutions in real time. However, for a successful vigil, we should not be satisfied merely to monitor the opportunities, but before all, to anticipate risks. The external risk factors have never been so many: extremely dynamic and unpredictable markets, new entrants, mergers and acquisitions, sharp price reduction, rapid changes in consumption patterns and values, fragility of brands and their reputation. To face all these challenges, our research consists in proposing a Competitive Intelligence System (CIS) designed to provide online services. Through descriptive and statistics exploratory methods of data, Xplor EveryWhere display, in a very short time, new strategic knowledge such as: the profile of the actors, their reputation, their relationships, their sites of action, their mobility, emerging issues and concepts, terminology, promising fields etc. The need for security in XPlor EveryWhere arises out of the strategic nature of information conveyed with quite a substantial value. Such security should not be considered as an additional option that a CIS can provide just in order to be distinguished from one another. Especially as the leak of this information is not the result of inherent weaknesses in corporate computer systems, but above all it is an organizational issue. With Xplor EveryWhere we completed the reporting service, especially the aspect of mobility. Lastly with this system, it's possible to: View updated information as we have access to our strategic database server in real-time, itself fed daily by watchmen. They can enter information at trade shows, customer visits or after meetings
Brahimi, Lahcene. "Données de tests non fonctionnels de l'ombre à la lumière : une approche multidimensionnelle pour déployer une base de données." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0009/document.
Full textChoosing appropriate database management systems (DBMS) and/or execution platforms for given database (DB) is complex and tends to be time- and effort-intensive since this choice has an important impact on the satisfaction of non-functional requirements (e.g., temporal performance or energy consumption). lndeed, a large number of tests have been performed for assessing the quality of developed DB. This assessment often involves metrics associated with non-functional requirement. That leads to a mine of tests covering all life-cycle phases of the DB's design. Tests and their environments are usually published in scientific articles or specific websites such as Transaction Processing Council (TPC). Therefore, this thesis bas taken a special interest to the capitalization and the reutilization of performed tests to reduce and mastery the complexity of the DBMS/platforms selection process. By analyzing the test accurately, we identify that tests concem: the data set, the execution platform, the addressed non-functional requirements, the used queries, etc. Thus, we propose an approach of conceptualization and persistence of all dimensions as well as the results of tests. Conseguently, this thesis leads to the following contributions. (1) The design model based on descriptive, prescriptive and ontological concepts to raise the different dimensions. (2) The development of a multidimensional repository to store the test environments and their results. (3) The development of a decision making methodology based on a recommender system for DBMS and platforms selection
Siani, Tchouamatieu Joseph. "Analyse de la pauvreté : de l'approche en termes d’utilité à l'approche par les capabilités d’Amartya Sen. Application sur les données Camerounaises." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN0708.
Full textPoverty analysis has always been confined to its monetary aspect. In the last decades however, thanks to the influential work of Amartya Sen (1992), awareness of the limitations of relying solely on income to measure poverty has become more widespread. As a consequence, there has been a shift of emphasis from a single dimension to a multidimensional framework. Poverty should therefore be defined as a situation where many dimensions of human well-being are not met. One way of making the multidimensional approach operational is to focus on the different dimensions that are essential for the quality of life. This thesis analyses multidimensional poverty in Cameroon based on data from a household survey conducted in 2001 and 2007 by the National Institute of Statistics. Starting with a more conventional income-based definition of poverty, poverty in Cameroon is presented. We then apply the approach recently developed by Alkire and Foster to estimate multidimensional indices. Six dimensions are considered for estimations: income, education, health, water, electricity and sanitation. The analysis seeks to overcome the limitations of the union and intersection approaches that have characterized many earlier studies. Multidimensional poverty is then decomposed in terms of the contribution of different dimensions to global poverty. The results suggest that people who are income-poor are not always the same as those who lack access to certain public service such as education, health, water, electricity. Monetary poverty thus may be misleading as it ignores individuals who are not income poor, even though they may be poor in another dimension
Lanher, Bertrand S. "Spectrométrie infra-rouge à transformée de Fourier et analyse multidimensionnelle de données spectrales : application à la quantification et au contrôle de procédés dans le domaine des produits laitiers." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOS054.
Full textTréguier, Erwan. "Etude de la diversité géochimique de la surface de Mars, à partir des données de spectrométrie X de la mission Mars Exploration Rover ; Modélisation de l'altération des roches martiennes." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00319744.
Full textGonzalez, Ignacio Baccini Alain Leon José. "Analyse canonique régularisée pour des données fortement multidimensionnelles." Toulouse (Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 3), 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/99.
Full textGonzalez, Ignacio. "Analyse canonique régularisée pour des données fortement multidimensionnelles." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/99/.
Full textMotivated by the study of relationships between gene expressions and other biological variables, our work consists in presenting and developing a methodology answering this problem. Among the statistical methods treating this subject, Canonical Analysis (CA) seemed well adapted, but the high dimension is at present one of the major obstacles for the statistical techniques of analysis data coming from microarrays. Typically the axis of this work was the research of solutions taking into account this crucial aspect in the implementation of the CA. Among the approaches considered to handle this problem, we were interested in the methods of regularization. The method developed here, called Regularised Canonical Analysis (RCA), is based on the principle of ridge regularization initially introduced in multiple linear regression. RCA needing the choice of two parameters of regulation for its implementation, we proposed the method of M-fold cross-validation to handle this problem. We presented in detail RCA applications to high multidimensional data coming from genomic studies as well as to data coming from other domains. Among other we were interested in a visualization of the data in order to facilitate the interpretation of the results. For that purpose, we proposed some graphical methods: representations of variables (correlations graphs), representations of individuals as well as alternative representations as networks and heatmaps. .
Diop, Mayoro. "De l'approche monétaire à l'approche par les capabilités : une analyse multidimensionnelle de la pauvreté au Sénégal sur les données de l'Enquête de Suivi de la Pauvreté au Sénégal (ESPS2)." Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIME003.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to propose a multidimensional analysis of poverty in Senegal, and to show the importance of integrating the capability approach in the analysis of poverty. This thesis aims at showing that the capability approach is an adequate and appropriate framework for identifying the poor and proves to be of real interest in setting up better public policies in order to fight against poverty relating to the MDGs.This study is divided in two parts. The first part deals with the concept of poverty confronting the traditional monetary approach with the capability approach, and shows the interest of the economics of happiness in the analysis of poverty and well being. In a second phase, the objective is to illuminate methodological options in order to treat the extent of poverty empirically and bring the arguments in favor of the capability approach.The essential features of this thesis revolve around three main contributions. The first one is theoretical. It offers an analysis of poverty in Senegal in terms of capabilities. The second is empirical and provides a multidimensional measure based on the theory of fuzzy sets from the monitoring survey of poverty in Senegal (MSPS 2). The third one is methodological and proposes an original approach consisting of building a core of utilitarian poverty (by comparing the monetary and subjective poverty) and then analyzing the evolution of the core according to the distribution of the degrees of poverty capabilities
Hillali, Younès. "Analyse et modélisation des données probabilistes : capacités et lois multidimensionnelles." Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090015.
Full textArnaud, Laurent. "Analyses multidimensionnelles des données cliniques et biologiques en immunologie." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066693.
Full textJerbi, Houssem. "Personnalisation d'analyses décisionnelles sur des données multidimensionnelles." Phd thesis, Toulouse 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00695371.
Full textBotte-Lecocq, Claudine. "L'analyse de données multidimensionnelles par transformations morphologiques binaires." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10142.
Full textKhrouf, Kaïs. "Entrepôts de documents : de l'alimentation à l'exploitation." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30109.
Full textIn this thesis, we propose the concept of document warehouse which consists in the storage of heterogeneous, selected and filtered documents, and their classification according to generic logical structures (common structures to a set of documents). Such warehouses organization facilitates the exploitation of the integrated documentary information through several complementary techniques : the information retrieval which consists in the restitution document granules in response to a query formulated with keywords (free language), the data interrogation which consists in the restitution factual data (structure or content) by using a declarative language, the multidimensional analysis which consists in the manipulation of warehouse information according to not-predefined dimensions. To validate our propositions, we developed an aid tool DOCWARE (DOCument WAREhouse) for the integration and the analysis of documents
Marcel, Patrick. "Manipulations de données multidimensionnelles et langages de règles." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0093.
Full textThis works is a contribution to the study of the manipulations in data warehouses. In the first part, we present a state of the art about multidimensional data manipulation languages in systems dedicated to On-Line analytical Processing (OLAP systems). We point out interesting combinations that haven't been studied. These conclusions are used in the second part to propose a simple rule-based language allowing specifying typical treatments arising in OLAP systems. In a third part, we illustrate the use of the language to describe OLAP treatments in spreadsheets, and to generate semi automatic spreadsheet programs
Rambaud, Fabienne. "Caractérisation, Analyse et Modélisation statistiques de fragments osseux crâniens pour la prédiction de paramètres mécaniques lésionnels." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00290942.
Full textCette thèse est une contribution à l'amélioration de la connaissance du comportement mécanique des os crâniens, en particulier dans le contexte accidentologique.
Les mécanismes de fractures du crâne ont été étudiés par un grand nombre de chercheurs. De multiples techniques et approches ont été élaborées pour la modélisation du comportement mécanique des os crâniens ; ces modèles ne permettent cependant pas de pallier aux problèmes de dispersions inter et intra individuelles propres aux sujets humains.
Dans un premier temps, selon un protocole expérimental, 289 éprouvettes prélevées sur différentes zones osseuses de 17 calottes crâniennes humaines sont testées en essais de flexion trois points quasi-statiques. La force de rupture obtenue à partir des courbes effort/déplacement représente le paramètre mécanique à prédire dans nos modèles statistiques. A partir de mesures morphométriques obtenues par analyse d'images et tests expérimentaux, 15 paramètres morphométriques et densitométriques sont définis pour chaque éprouvette.
Ensuite, une analyse de données exploratoire multidimensionnelle est réalisée sur le tableau de données préalablement fuzzifiées. Cette analyse a permis de nous orienter sur les liaisons linéaires et non linéaires existant entre les paramètres. Des régressions multiples linéaires et curvilinéaires sont réalisées par ajustement des paramètres jugés pertinents. Les modèles sont choisis par la méthode de validation croisée, et par une étude complète de diagnostic des résidus.
L'élaboration de modèles statistiques a permis, selon un sexe et une classe d'âge, de prédire le comportement mécanique de fragments osseux crâniens soumis à des sollicitations de flexion quasi-statique de manière personnalisée.
Hassan, Ali. "Modélisation des bases de données multidimensionnelles : analyse par fonctions d'agrégation multiples." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10034/document.
Full textGilbert, Frédéric. "Méthodes et modèles pour la visualisation de grandes masses de données multidimensionnelles nominatives dynamiques." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14498/document.
Full textSince ten years, informations visualization domain knows a real interest.Recently, with the growing of communications, the research on social networks analysis becomes strongly active. In this thesis, we present results on dynamic social networks analysis. That means that we take into account the temporal aspect of data. We were particularly interested in communities extraction within networks and their evolutions through time. [...]
Loslever, Pierre. "Étude ergonomique du poste bureautique : Approche par les méthodes multidimensionnelles d'analyse des données." Valenciennes, 1988. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/0fb2137f-578e-43ec-9bea-1ae708b27a3a.
Full textMohamed, Saleem Mohamed Ashick. "Pipeline intégratif multidimensionnel d'analyse de données NGS pour l'étude du devenir cellulaire." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ072/document.
Full textEpigenomics would help us understand why various cells types exhibit different behaviours. Aberrant changes in reversible epigenetic modifications observed in cancer raised focus towards epigenetic targeted therapy. As epigenetic studies may involve comparing multi-profile sequencing data, thereis an imminent need for novel approaches and tools to address underlying technical variabilities. Wehave developed NGS-QC, a QC system to infer the experimental quality of the data and Epimetheus, a quantile-based multi-profile normalization tool for histone modification datasets to correct technical variation among samples. Further, we have employed these developed tools in an allele-specific analysis to understand the epigenetic status of X chromosome inactivation in breast cancer cells where disappearance of Xi is frequent. Our analysis has revealed perturbation in epigenetic landscape of X and aberrant gene reactivation in Xi including the ones that are associated with cancer promotion
Blanchard, Frédéric Herbin Michel. "Visualisation et classification de données multidimensionnelles Application aux images multicomposantes /." Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2005. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000287.pdf.
Full textTall, Aguibou Bougobaly. "Intéressement, actionnariat et conflits dans l'entreprise : études sur données d'entreprises françaises." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020026/document.
Full textThe basic idea of incentive contracts is that of achieving common interests causing changes in the behavior of employees and improving firm performance.The firms' outputs and success also depend on the industrial relation climate. In this context, the aim of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding offinancial participation (profit sharing and employee share ownership) and its links with the conflicts using data on French firms. Research on these topics isinnovative and highly recommended. First, there exists within the firm a multitude of types of conflicts. We are primarily concerned with collective conflicts. Most of studies on collective conflicts focuses only on strikes, ignoring other forms of collective actions. Very few studies make the link between collective incentive schemes and collective conflicts. Thus, this work is dividedinto four empirical studies. The first one analyzes the different forms of conflicts within the firm. The second one analyzes the effect of financial participation on collective conflicts. The third study focuses on the impact of bargaining and financial participation on the resolution of collective conflicts. The last one examines firm's performance based on financial participation and collective conflicts. Our research is based on multidimensional analysis and econometric tools. The multidimensional approach uses the Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Ascending Hierarchical Clustering. The econometric approach usesclassical estimation methods (OLS, Probit, Mutinomial Probit, Ordered Pobit),selection models (Heckman), and methods estimating simultaneous and recursive equations, treating the endogeneity problems and the mixture (quantitative and qualitative) of the dependent variables (Roodman, Conditional Mixed Process)
Tabti, Saïd. "Modélisation macroscopique de l'écoulement du trafic aérien : une approche par analyse de données multidimensionnelles." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10055.
Full textEsson, François. "Un logiciel de visualisation et de classification interactives de données quantitatives multidimensionnelles." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10089.
Full textA chaque nouvelle configuration du référentiel (point de vue, direction de vue) correspondra une représentation plane différente de l'ensemble des points de données. C'est la généralisation à la dimension n de ce concept qui est à la base du travail effectue. Le logiciel issu de cette nouvelle approche interactive dans le domaine de la classification multidimensionnelle et de la représentation plane de données multidimensionnelles devrait apporter un outil de travail intéressant pour des chercheurs qui sans être des spécialistes en analyse de données ou en programmation, seraient amenés à utiliser l'approche de la classification, pour leur travail
Blanchard, Frédéric. "Visualisation et classification de données multidimensionnelles : Application aux images multicomposantes." Reims, 2005. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000287.pdf.
Full textThe analysis of multicomponent images is a crucial problem. Visualization and clustering problem are two relevant questions about it. We decided to work in the more general frame of data analysis to answer to these questions. The preliminary step of this work is describing the problems induced by the dimensionality and studying the current dimensionality reduction methods. The visualization problem is then considered and a contribution is exposed. We propose a new method of visualization through color image that provides an immediate and sythetic image od data. Applications are presented. The second contribution lies upstream with the clustering procedure strictly speaking. We etablish a new kind of data representation by using rank transformation, fuzziness and agregation procedures. Its use inprove the clustering procedures by dealing with clusters with dissimilar density or variant effectives and by making them more robust. This work presents two important contributions to the field of data analysis applied to multicomponent image. The variety of the tools involved (originally from decision theory, uncertainty management, data mining or image processing) make the presented methods usable in many diversified areas as well as multicomponent images analysis
Barsoum, Baher Albert. "Classification automatique par amincicement de l'histogramme multidimensionnel." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10195.
Full textChao, Christina. "Étude des propriétés émollientes de biomolécules commerciales et synthétisées en vue de la substitution du décaméthylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)." Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2379/document.
Full textEmolliency is a word used to define the ability of a compound to soften or lubricate the skin. ln the cosmetic field, emollients are used to modify the consistency, the viscosity or the polarity of a formulation. Many emollients can be used in cosmetic products. However, in the literature both physicochemical and sensory data ar still lacking, making it difficult to choose an emollient. Furthermore, the sensory analysis usually performed to characterize emollients are particularly time-consuming and thus, expensive. Among the different chemical families of emollients, silicone derivatives stand out thanks to their specific properties. Indeed, they are characterized by an excellent spreading on skin and hair, a smooth skin feel, non-greasy and non-sticky, or by a dry skin feel without a fresh effect. However, even though these sensory properties are exceptional, recent studies wonder about the toxicity of a cyclic silicone particularly used in cosmetic products: the decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). Thus, this work deals With two main objectives. The first one consists in the research of a bio-based alternative to the D5 For this purpose, a number of commercial and synthesized molecules were characterized and compared With physicochemical measurements and sensory analysis, allowing the observations of trends between structures and properties. The second objective relies on the study of correlations between physico-chemical and sensory data in order to predict the emollient properties of cosmetic ingredients. This would ease the work of formulators during the screening of ingredients
Casali, Alain. "Treillis cubes contraints et fermés dans la fouille de bases de données multidimensionnelles." Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX22078.
Full textDOUZAL, VINCENT. "Analyse de donnees d'evaluation sensorielle." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066658.
Full textBiela, Philippe. "Classification automatique d'observations multidimensionnelles par réseaux de neurones compétitifs." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-469.pdf.
Full textTRIBOULEY, KARINE. "Estimation de densite : analyse multidimensionnelle et methodes d'ondelettes." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA077103.
Full textCiry, Guillaume. "Analyse multidimensionnelle des marqueurs discursifs commençant par "si"." Thesis, Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPHF0028.
Full textFrom a resolutely classificatory perspective, this thesis proposes a multidimensional analysis of the subclass of French discourse markers which have the particularity of starting with “si” : si je veux, si tu veux / si vous voulez, si on veut, si tu permets, si tu me permets, si vous permettez, si vous me permettez, si je puis / peux dire, si on peut dire, si j’ose dire and si on ose dire. The multidimensional aspect of the study is due to the fact that these markers are polyfunctional: the same unit, in fact, can, for example, sometimes fulfill the function of softener, sometimes that of hardener. The study we propose is structurally multidimensional in that it articulates an approach that is both diachronic and synchronic. In diachrony, we first show the periods in which the markers appeared and then propose a detailed positional and combinatorial analysis. In this same diachronic perspective, we also deal with the question of the selection of the French verb dire for the markers being formed with this archiverb, the syntactic pattern at the origin of the studied units effectively evolving from the Si + Person + Verb scheme to the Si + Person + Verb + (Dire) scheme. To do this, we used the new functionalities of the Frantext 2 database and, within the framework of this exploitation, we set up a methodology that we describe and whose results we present. In synchrony, and on the basis of the exploration of several oral corpora, we offer a focus on two frequent, noticed and remarkable markers in modern and contemporary French, namely si tu veux / si vous voulez and si je puis dire. This approach ultimately allows us to highlight the existence of the French pragmatic-modal couple of vouloir/ pouvoir
Allanic, Marianne. "Gestion et visualisation de données hétérogènes multidimensionnelles : application PLM à la neuroimagerie." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2248/document.
Full textNeuroimaging domain is confronted with issues in analyzing and reusing the growing amount of heterogeneous data produced. Data provenance is complex – multi-subjects, multi-methods, multi-temporalities – and the data are only partially stored, restricting multimodal and longitudinal studies. Especially, functional brain connectivity is studied to understand how areas of the brain work together. Raw and derived imaging data must be properly managed according to several dimensions, such as acquisition time, time between two acquisitions or subjects and their characteristics. The objective of the thesis is to allow exploration of complex relationships between heterogeneous data, which is resolved in two parts : (1) how to manage data and provenance, (2) how to visualize structures of multidimensional data. The contribution follow a logical sequence of three propositions which are presented after a research survey in heterogeneous data management and graph visualization. The BMI-LM (Bio-Medical Imaging – Lifecycle Management) data model organizes the management of neuroimaging data according to the phases of a study and takes into account the scalability of research thanks to specific classes associated to generic objects. The application of this model into a PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) system shows that concepts developed twenty years ago for manufacturing industry can be reused to manage neuroimaging data. GMDs (Dynamic Multidimensional Graphs) are introduced to represent complex dynamic relationships of data, as well as JGEX (Json Graph EXchange) format that was created to store and exchange GMDs between software applications. OCL (Overview Constraint Layout) method allows interactive and visual exploration of GMDs. It is based on user’s mental map preservation and alternating of complete and reduced views of data. OCL method is applied to the study of functional brain connectivity at rest of 231 subjects that are represented by a GMD – the areas of the brain are the nodes and connectivity measures the edges – according to age, gender and laterality : GMDs are computed through processing workflow on MRI acquisitions into the PLM system. Results show two main benefits of using OCL method : (1) identification of global trends on one or many dimensions, and (2) highlights of local changes between GMD states
Mure, Simon. "Classification non supervisée de données spatio-temporelles multidimensionnelles : Applications à l’imagerie." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI130/document.
Full textDue to the dramatic increase of longitudinal acquisitions in the past decades such as video sequences, global positioning system (GPS) tracking or medical follow-up, many applications for time-series data mining have been developed. Thus, unsupervised time-series data mining has become highly relevant with the aim to automatically detect and identify similar temporal patterns between time-series. In this work, we propose a new spatio-temporal filtering scheme based on the mean-shift procedure, a state of the art approach in the field of image processing, which clusters multivariate spatio-temporal data. We also propose a hierarchical time-series clustering algorithm based on the dynamic time warping measure that identifies similar but asynchronous temporal patterns. Our choices have been motivated by the need to analyse magnetic resonance images acquired on people affected by multiple sclerosis. The genetics and environmental factors triggering and governing the disease evolution, as well as the occurrence and evolution of individual lesions, are still mostly unknown and under intense investigation. Therefore, there is a strong need to develop new methods allowing automatic extraction and quantification of lesion characteristics. This has motivated our work on time-series clustering methods, which are not widely used in image processing yet and allow to process image sequences without prior knowledge on the final results
LESERVOT, ARNAULD. "Analyse interprocedurale du flot des donnees." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066252.
Full textHo, Tu Bao. "Systemes experts et analyse de donnees." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066128.
Full textZAAMOUN, SAAD. "Fonctions splines en analyse des donnees." Paris, CNAM, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CNAM0100.
Full textOUALI, ALLAH MOHAMED. "Analyse en preordonnances des donnees qualitatives. Applications aux donnees numeriques et symboliques." Rennes 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REN10116.
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