Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Analyse synchronique et diachronique'
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Yao, Ruoyu. "Analyse comparative synchronique et diachronique des locatifs en chinois." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013INAL0021/document.
Full textIn Chinese, localizers ( 方位词 fāngwèicí ) are a restricted set of words denoting a concrete or metaphorical relationship between two entities. This thesis presents the results of a synchronic and diachronic corpus-based study of four common localizers : 里 li ‘in’, 中 zhōng ‘middle’, 内 nèi ‘inside’ et 上 shang ‘on’.When expressing a concrete relationship, they are generally categorized as topological localizers which express an inclusion or a contact relationship between two entities. When expressing a metaphorical meaning, all of these localizers can express an abstract framework, although each one has its own specific uses. They are sometimes interchangeable for both concrete and metaphorical meanings.Our comparative study in contemporary Chinese is based on a corpus of texts of different styles : written, oral and written with oral characteristics. The statistics show the importance of text styles in the choice of localizer. Pragmatic and semantic contexts are also determining factors in the uses of localizers.The diachronic analysis performed on a corpus of 26 documents representing the archaic, medieval and pre-modern periods shows the evolution of each localizer and their tendency of use throughout History, both in concrete and metaphorical expressions
Bailblé, Oliver. "Analyse diachronique et synchronique des emprunts chinois en coréen." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0167.
Full textKorean lexicology is characterized, by many foreign elements that have gradually become integral components of the language. These characters were actually used as a means to represent Korean phonology, as the Korean language lacked its own writing system. Chinese characters were also the essential elements which permitted the enlargement of the Korean lexicography and brought to Korean a large quantity of Dew words which were lacking in the language. The first part of the present study examines the major phases of Chinese borrowings on the Korean peninsula. In the second part, this study will proceed to a synchronic analysis of Sino-Korean words which will allow us to understand how these words of Chinese origin have evolved in modem Korean. A lexical analysis, in particular a study of loan words by subject area, will allow us to observe the nature of Chinese cultural influences as well as Japanese influences. The third part will address the challenges facing the spoken language in South Korea and the future linguistic reunification of the two Koreas, countries which have been, for more than half a century, following radically different linguistic policies. Finally, this study examines attempts to moderate the overexposure to English lexicology, which the language spoken in South Korea is currently facing. Contrary to appearances and perceived notions, we see that the Chinese language and its writing system are returning to the forefront of language borrowing. Despite what the language purists of North and South Korea may wish, it cannot be said that Chinese language borrowings are a thing of the distant past
Englebert, Annick. "Analyse sémantique et fonctionnelle du "petit mot" DE: étude synchronique et diachronique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213412.
Full textWang, Honglu. "L'ordre des mots et le changement d'ordre des mots en chinois : analyse synchronique et diachronique." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0040.
Full textThis linguistic work on typology is a study on the order of constituents in chinese. Is chinese a S-O-V (subject - verb- object) language or a S-V-O language? This dissertation discusses in detail the different arguments given by the tenants of the two different hypotheses. It also deals with other word orders than the sole order of the "subject", "verb" and "object" constituents. The work is divided into three parts : one diachronic part untitled "Word order in ancient Chinese", one synchronic part on "Word order in contemporary Chinese" and one part in where our corpus is analyzed. The diachronic work shows that the Chinese was originally a S-V-O language and has been unchanged all along its history. The changes were however significant in other areas : prepositions, classifiers, etc. It is showed in the synchronic part, that the hypothesis of S-V-O is more convincing. The third part presents two oral speeches belonging both to Standard Mandarin. One detailed analysis of these two speeches show undoubdetly that contemporary Chinese is indeed a S-V-O language
Bailblé, Eric Jean-Marie. "L'Interculturalité en France : analyse diachronique des discours théoriques et étude synchronique des pratiques scolaires." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR20017.
Full textIt is the aim of a historical analysis of the cross cultural issues connected in France to state the contradictory and competing ways actors comprehend their environment. These speeches are symbolic grids upon which intersubjectivity between social and political issues, is founded. Humanistic whishes seemed so often in conflict of post-empire thinking of France. ( eg, Law of the 23 april 2005, current burning issue). When a community agrees over the final meaning of all objects and events it is faced with, it will be assumed that speeches are the shaping ground of social reality, namely multicultural issues. But what about the situations when some linguistic reviews are spreading articles to society which felt these articles as alien? How a given frame of representations can be operating within a society that is not its original enonciator? The problem of the circulation of cross cultural issue, seen as discourses of historical localisation and identificationod actorsand political groups, would thus be linked to the interplay and confrontation of conflicting realities in whose relation alterity arises. When indeed conflicting speeches of cross cultural issues and social reality of the French schooling system come into contact, a community's intersubjective of agreement sharing by linguists since seventhies is either confirmed or broken. This is what this study tries to demonstrate, supported by various archives which are located in CIEP (International Center of Pedagogical Studies) de Sèvres, close to Paris. This center is very well known in France as the main pedagogical center for teaching french as foreign language. The analysis of these archives (mainely linguistic reviews) would be the way to reach our aim, namely spotlighting facts conected to cross cultural issues in France since the last thirty years. In the second part of our study, we will spotlight cross cultural practices included into of French schooling system. Historical and synchronical analysis of cross cultural issues will be the core of this PHD
Croy, Sandrine. "Analyse Synchronique et diachronique de l'item à choix libre "n'importe quel" : comparaison avec "tout"." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN21013/document.
Full textThe aim of the present dissertation is to give a synchronic and diachronic analysis of the French determiners tout and n’importe quel. As for tout, we focus on its use as a free choice determiner. Whereas tout can have other interpretations, n'importe quel can be interpreted only as a free choice item. Free choice determiners allow a random selection of a referent from a set of possible individuals. The synchronic analysis of tout and n'importe quel starts by considering several analyses provided for the English determiner any. Then, we present the distribution of the two determiners in French. We analyze the role of context on their interpretation and determine their quantificational force. The differences between tout and n'importe quel are pointed out with respect to both their syntax and their semantics. As for the diachronic analysis, we start by pointing out two differences between the two determiners: their origin and the period of time when they entered the French lexicon. Because of these differences, our analysis of the diachrony of tout is carried out in a different way from the analysis of n’importe quel. In the case of n'importe quel, we describe the process which led to its formation which began with the entry of the verb importer in the French lexicon. We explain why the determiner n'importe quel appeared, despite the existence of other free choice items, such as un…quel qu'il soit which have an interpretation that is very close to that of n'importe quel. Our analysis of tout is based mainly on the evolution of its distribution and on the fact that this determiner is not necessarily a free choice item
Bornette, Gudrun. "Analyse synchronique et diachronique du fonctionnement des anciens chenaux tressés du Rhône : effet des perturbations hydrauliques sur la dynamique de la végétation aquatique." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10300.
Full textRejeb, Bouzgarrou Asma. "Analyse des formes morpho-fonctionnelles urbaines : mise en place d'un indicateur de mutations paysagères de la ville de Monastir entre 1956 et 2013." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0004/document.
Full textThe contemporary Tunisian urban landscape, characterized by a strong heterogeneity, wonders about the factors of its emergence. The city of Monastir is an excellent example of the analysis of urban transformations. This city is characterized, especially, by a high urbanization rate of 100% and differential growth in time and space. This research lies into the fields of architecture, urbanism, space syntax and territorial planning. This work questions the evolution of the urban landscape of the municipality of Monastir from 1956 to 2013. An objective is to search for a series of visibility indices on the city dynamics in its context of morphofunctional heterogeneity. This work undertook a gradual logic of apprehension of the urban environment and its cultural continuity.The establishment of a global approach to the spatial structure of the municipality of Monastir, on the diachronic analysis, and on the synchronic analysis, respectively, allowed us to model several facts of urban landscapes. This materializes, in particular, by identifying the genesis of diffuse centralities associated with non-hierarchical socio-spatial forms. These urban phenomenologists’ disparities have led us to adapt current spatial syntax measures in order to provide a better understanding of the reality of the whole environment of the municipality of Monastir, and where the landscape mediation dominates
Kolani, Bakimani. "Etude de la place et de la fonction des éléments supposés tardifs du livre d'Amos : contribution à la lecture de type synchronique du livre d'Amos." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAK002/document.
Full textThe two first chapters of this present study examines underlines the reasons for which biblical scholars are more and more convinced that read the corpus as a whole, in its present form, remains the best way to understand it message. The first chapter demonstrates that the commentators who advocate a diachronic approach sought and continue to justify the composition of this book by the hypothetical reconstitution of the “ipsissima verba” of Amos. They often divide the text into numerous small independent fragments; sacrificing nine passages perceived as secondary and out of place and arranges certain of them as they think fit. The second chapter demonstrates that these same passages prevent the followers of the synchronic approach agreeing on a structure capable of proving that this corpus is a very sophisticated work. The three last chapters study the nine passages often considered secondary and disparate. They show that these passages are in harmony with their contexts and their presence is essential to the literary and theological balance of the book. This study reveals de facto that, this corpus is a well-organized book with a unifying literary strategy
Xu, Shiwen. "Subordonnées complétives objets : une analyse contrastive du français et du chinois." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025PA030004.
Full textObject complement subordinate clauses (SCO) play a crucial role in the construction of complex sentences in both French and Chinese. In French, these clauses are easily identifiable due to explicit conjunctions and a clear distinction between verbal moods. In contrast, recognizing SCOs in Chinese proves more challenging, given the lack of visible morphosyntactic markers. This comparative study explores the methods for delineating SCOs in both languages, using specific criteria and tests to identify these clauses, particularly in Chinese, where syntactic boundaries are less clear. We conducted an exhaustive analysis of sentences containing SCOs from four literary works, enabling a comprehensive statistical and comparative examination. The synchronic analysis reveals both similarities in the syntactic functions of SCOs in French and Chinese, as well as significant formal differences. Furthermore, a diachronic approach highlights the evolution of SCO usage over time in both languages. This research offers new insights into the mechanisms of subordination and the structural differences between French and Chinese
Nzang, Bie Yolande. "Le connectif dans les langues bantu: analyses synchroniques et perspectives diachroniques." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212512.
Full textBanegas, Saorin Mercedes. "Les pronoms relatifs en espagnol : étude morphosyntaxique, synchronique et diachronique." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100185.
Full textTsoko-Tongo, Thérèse. "Processus diachronique et synchronique d'acculturation : les emprunts français en kibeembe." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070109.
Full textTsoko, Tongo Thérèse. "Processus diachronique et synchronique d'acculturation les emprunts français en Kibeembe /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376189945.
Full textDollfus, Sonia. "Etude synchronique et diachronique des symptomes et des diagnostics de la schizophrenie." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066074.
Full textGuiga, Ahlem. "Étude comparative, diachronique et synchronique du futur en italien, napolitain et français." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3117.
Full textOur research focuses on the deep understanding of the Italian chronogenesis, and within it, of the expression of future, based on the theoretical and methodological principles of G. Guillaume. Our comparative study combines diachronic and synchronic approaches. We study the evolution of the expression of future from former Italian to contemporary Italian literature through a first corpus built from the original text of the Decameron of G. Boccaccio, its contemporary translation proposed by A. Busi and its French translation by J. Bourciez. We compare the expression of future in three Italian (by authors from the Veneto and Sicily) and French graphic novels, with a second series of corpus extrapolated from the transcripts of these comics. We observe, on one hand, the differences between French and Italian contemporary standards, and on the other hand, the achievements of the Italian standard according to its substrates' regional influence. With a third corpus, we study the expression of future by comparing Neapolitan songs texts from the XIXth to the XXth century, with their translations in Italian and French. Our comparison of the various solutions for future covers, from West to East, the western Romania (standard French, Veneto regional Italian), and the central position of the Italian literary standard from Florentine, Eastern Romania (Sicilian regional Italian, Neapolitan). We study the distribution of future's morphological forms (synthetic, analytic), uses (temporal, modal) and alternative expression of future (other times, adverbial phrase of time). We discuss the concepts of aspect, accomplished and unaccomplished, perfective and imperfective and study their distribution in the morphosyntactic forms of future's expression
Pimenta, Heglyn. "Nasalité et syllabe : une étude synchronique, diachronique et dialectologique du portugais européen." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080069.
Full textVocalic nasalisation in Portuguese has been the subject of numerous studies, especially regarding (i) the status of nasal vowels: are they phonological nasal vowels (/Ṽ/) or complex syllable rhymes (/VN/ or /VV/)? And (ii) the changes responsible for the convergence of the Latin endings -ANE, -ONE, ANU, UDINE, -ANT and -UNT into the nasal diphthong -ão.We proceed with a critical analysis of the studies on this language’s syllable structure and nasal vowels to propose a new synchronic analysis of it, based on the “Strict CV” model of Government Phonology, where hierarchical constituents’ structures are replaced by lateral relations between positions. Our synchronic analysis will be based on three aspects: (i) on historical data, diachronic changes providing information on the conditions required for forming a nasal nucleus; (ii) on acoustic phonetic data, assuming that phonetic duration can be a correlate to nasal nuclei phonological complexity; (iii) on dialectal variation data.Lastly, in the diachronic part of this thesis, we demonstrate how the model we propose helps to explain the phonetic changes that either led to the creation of modern Portuguese nasal nuclei or prevented it
Garnier, Romain. "L' apophonie radicale dans le verbe latin : Etude synchronique et diachronique." Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHE4043.
Full textThis work examines Latin verb root vocalism, through both synchronic and diachronic perspectives. Specifically examined will be inability of spontaneous Latin apophonic patterns to merge with Latin reflexes of P. I. E. Apophonic patterns encountered in the Latin language. Through the process of following specific stages, several new apophonic patterns encountered in the Latin language. Through the process of following specific stages, several new apophonic classes are constructed, this due, in large part, to the fact that the study of Latin verb root apophony mostly involves filling gaps. Henceforth, it appears that the key to the Latin verbal system lies in the nominal system itself, considering the fact that fossilized *-tó- participles and * -tí- or * -tú-. Primary derivatives have undergone what we may call “lexical degrammaticalisation” in Latin
Silvestre, Michel. "Une approche intégrative des dimensions diachronique et synchronique en psychothérapie du trauma au travers des perspectives intra et interactionnelles chez l’enfant et sa famille." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0311.
Full textThis work is about a professionnal journey guided by clinical practice, curiosity and desire to understand. It proposes a therapeutic model to better apprehend the complexity of clinical situations by interweaving in a congruent fashion relationnal information from the here and now with the historical personal information of every individual involved. A presentation of different publications highlights this evolution of thinking as expressed in different experiences which provides a therapeutic approach model of the individual in relation with others
Fatello, Fabienne. "Les emplois de "quando" dans différents genres textuels du latin préclassique au latin postclassique." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAL002.
Full textThis corpus-based study analyses the use of quando (quandoque, quandoquidem, quandocumque) in different textual genres from Early to Postclassical Latin. From the Bibliotheca Teubneriana Latina CD-ROM (BTL-4) we have listed the instances of quando in Plaute’s Comedies, Cicero’s Discourses, Lucretius’ De rerum natura, Livy’s History of Rome and Seneca’s Moral Essays. Quando can be used as an interrogative, indefinite and relative adverb or as a temporal or causal conjunction. But the classification of these different uses is not possible without a macro-syntactic approach that combines morpho-syntactic, semantic and enunciative points of view. First, the study of this multifunctional term raises the question of its integration in the sentence structure. Thus the functional interference of its use as a relative adverb and as a temporal conjunction shows that the frontiers between syntactical functions are malleable. Furthermore, the semantic ambiguity invites us to extend the analyses to the contextual inferences to distinguish for instance its temporal and causal use. Moreover we cannot analyse the use of quando without considering its illocutionary force: for instance the questions introduced by quando perform a great variety of speech acts which reveal certain characteristics of the literary genre. Finally, the methods of Functional Grammar are necessary to study the level quando affects in the sentence structure, as the causal subordinate clause provides information on the interpersonal level and can be considered as a disjunct satellite. In the light of these considerations, it is evident that an eclectic approach is necessary to study the use of quando: only different linguistic approaches, combining the morpho-syntactic, semantic and enunciative point of view in an empirical description of its occurrences, can define the value of the different uses of quando. Thus the significance of this study resides in the multifunctionality of quando which allows us to consider a large variety of linguistic and extra-linguistic problems occurring not only at multiple levels of the sentence structure, but extended even to the larger context of the speech interaction and intimately linked to the authors writing techniques and the speakers discursive intentions
Sauveplane, Daniel. "Le subjonctif en anglais : étude diachronique et synchronique dans une perspective énonciative." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20111.
Full textStarting from a diachronic point of view, the objective, in a first part of this research paper, has been to understand the workings of the subjunctive versus the indicative in the verb system of Old English and its part in discourse thanks to a corpus of utterances selected in texts from various periods but whose copies were established for the most part in the 11th century. Our work has been carried out along the lines of the linguistics of mental operations in speech production. We then move on to study Middle English texts from the XIIth to the XIVth centuries in order to assess the type of evolution that the subjunctive underwent through that period. A whole chapter is devoted to two majors authors in the history of the English Language : Chaucer and Shakespeare. Being two centuries apart, their use of English helps bring out another significant evolution of the verb system within that time frame. A second part aims at assessing how linguistis and grammarians from the middle of the XVIIth century up to the present time have analysed and accounted for those verb phrases traditionally labelled as subjunctive forms. Equipped with the data from the diachronic study of Present-Day English with a large set ot uttererances from various sources. In the final chapters, we contend that there is no such thing as a subjunctive mood in P-D English and we analyse the type of mental operations carried out in speech production with such verb phrases as the verb base, VBØ, and the modal use of V-ED
Rosset, Panida. "Kham Yong : étude synchronique et diachronique d'un parler de la famille tai." Paris, EHESS, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987EHES0074.
Full textThe main purpose of the thesis is to study a phonological system of yong, a minority group settled down in the north of thailand and to set up the characteristics through out their historical evolution at the level of phonemes (consonants, vowels ,tonal split) and by a comparison with the others tai dialects. The author lands equally a general survey of words classes, lexemes categories, word compositions, expressive formations, a traditional writing system and ends with a lexicon yong - siamese - french
Rosset, Panida. "Kham Yong étude synchronique et diachronique d'un parler de la famille tai /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37609491s.
Full textPapahagi, Cristiana. "Les prépositions de la trajectoire en français et en roumain : étude synchronique et diachronique." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030114.
Full textThe present dissertation is a study of path prepositions in French and Romanian: Fr. De, depuis, par, jusqu'à. . . , Rom. De, pe, pânæ. . . These prepositions make up a distinct class of state prepositions defined by their ability to transform the contexts in which they appear (movement, perception, etc. ) into a path. This is the case even in these two verb-framed Romance languages. Moreover, path prepositions do not configure the landmark they introduce, as is shown by the fact — optional in French, grammatical in Romanian — that they can determine prepositional phrases and topological adverbs: Fr. De sous, par où. . . , Rom. De la, pânæ unde. . . It is also noteworthy that the category of path prepositions is a recent innovation in these two languages. The previous marking of path was made by verbal satellites in Latin, and by prepositional compounds in Low Latin, Old French and Old Romanian. The existence of path prepositions is thus a peculiarity of Romance languages, which nevertheless brings them closer to the satellite-framed languages (e. G. The Germanic ones)
Oisel, Guillaume. "Morphosyntaxe et sémantique des auxiliaires et des connecteurs du tibétain littéraire : étude diachronique et synchronique." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00914393.
Full textLegraverand, Annick. "Etude diachronique et synchronique de la concordance des temps en français (étude quantitative)." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20018.
Full textIn spite of numerous researches on our verb system, the question of the sequence of tenses has not yet been solved. For many, it does exist, but allows a lot of exception ; the conjugation tables of the grammar books reveal the existence of divergent systems. That's why it seemed interesting to us to see if a quantitative study would permit to go further than the grammarians' feeling of the previous generations. If, instead of referring to theories as they did, we start from the very morphosemantic reality, we notice that a meaning corresponds to every verb form and that any morphological change leads to a semantic change; we also note that the forms pointed out in the texts match so as to establish a system. Any quantitative study first requires to set up a corpus. A first example taken from Roman de Renart made our initial research possible. A second example produced from contes de Maupassant lead us to confirm the results of it. This is a sampling of some 200 instances, which is enough to come to significant conclusions, but remains limited, just allowing a rough approach. The exhaustive study required a larger corpus taken from 17th to 20th century works. The thesis is made up of three parts. The first part, devoted to the study of two limited corpus taken from roman de Renart and contes de Maupassant, sets the method and gives an overall view of the sequence of tenses in the middle ages and nowadays. The diachronic study of 17th to 20th century authors that makes up the second part permits to confirm the first results. Finally, the third part deals with the sequence of tenses in the subordinate clauses and goes deeper into the causes of its failure. Therefore, the processes are simple and amount to three stages; introduction of the method and making up of the corpus; 2 defining the norm; 3 analysis of the dissimilarities
Dugas, Edwige. "Non- dans le paradigme des préfixes de négation en français : étude synchronique et diachronique." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30034/document.
Full textThis dissertation deals with nominal and adjectival constructions in non- ([non-N] and [non-Adj])in French from a synchronic and diachronic perspective within the framework of constructiongrammar. On the basis of a corpus of [non-N] and [non-Adj] drawn from the Frantext database,the Base de Français Médiéval, dictionaries, the written press and the internet, I show thatthe [non-N] pattern is a morphological construction in which non- is a prefix, whereas the[non-Adj] is a syntactic construction in which non- is an adverb. [Non-N] can have three differentinterpretations (which I call ontological, complementary and contrary), depending on the basenoun and pragmatic information provided in the contex. [Non-Adj] are compared to [in-Adj], withwhich they share a negative meaning but from which they differ in several respects (preferencefor bases related to verbs, no lexical integrity, expression of contradictory or contrary negation).I show that [non-N] and [non-Adj] have common formal and semantic properties and I proposean analysis whereby they are represented as instantiations of a more general construction. Thisanalysis maintains the distinction between morphology and syntax and at the same time takesinto account the similarities between the two constructions. Finally, I show that [non-N] and[non-Adj] have emerged from syntactic uses of non at the end of the Middle French period as aresult of changes in the system of verbal negation in French.375
Wiesinger, Evelyn. "Le syntagme nominal en créole guyanais. : Une étude synchronique et diachronique du marqueur LA." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3039.
Full textDie vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich dem Element LA (< fr. là) im Guayanakreol, einer französischen Kreolsprache für die bisher kaum Untersuchungen vorliegen. Unsere Arbeit legt ein neues Korpus vor, das sich aus Texten von 1799-1893 sowie aus eigenen Sprachaufnahmen zusammensetzt. Das Hauptaugenmerk der Untersuchung liegt auf einer detaillierten synchronen und diachronen Beschreibung der Verwendungskontexte des im Guayanakreol stark polyfunktionalen LAs. Hierfür nehmen wir zunächst eine Abgrenzung zwischen LA als Adverb/Diskursmarker, LA als Teil des Demonstrativpronomens, LA am Ende von Neben- oder Fragesätzen sowie dem postnominalen Marker LA vor. Für die Analyse des postnominalen LAs entwickeln wir anschließend einen umfangreichen theoretischen Unterbau zur Nominalreferenz, wobei ein semantisch-pragmatischer und kognitiver Ansatz verfolgt wird. Die Korpusanalyse zeigt schließlich, dass das postnominale LA allenfalls als definiter Marker auf einer niedrigen Grammatikalisierungsstufe eingeordnet werden kann, dessen Auftreten durch ein komplexes Zusammenspiel semantisch-pragmatischer, ontologisch-kognitiver sowie informationell-syntaktischer Faktoren bestimmt wird. Unsere diachrone Analyse zeigt zudem, dass in unserem Korpus der Gebrauch von LA weitgehend stabil bleibt, dass aber eine gewisse graduelle Variation je nach Diskurstradition und Kommunikationsintentionen vorliegt. Die Funktionalität von LA zeugt außerdem bis heute von einer gewissen Verankerung in der Deixis und in der Nähesprache, die auch in anderen Frankokreols sowie in gesprochenen Varietäten des Französischen, wie etwa in Afrika oder Kanada, zutage tritt
Corbière, Marc Bernard Denis. "Aspects éducationnels, personnels et vocationnels de la réussite scolaire d'élèves français et québécois, perspective synchronique et diachronique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0010/NQ35582.pdf.
Full textFranchomme-Dziwniel, Véronique. "Basquitude et américanité chez les fils d'Ai͏̈tor : une approche diachronique et synchronique des nouvelles générations basques aux Etats-Unis." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081666.
Full textMarulli, Luca. "Le Gérasénien et le(s) jeune(s) homme(s) : perspectives synchroniques et diachroniques sur le récit de Marc 5.1-20." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAK004.
Full textThe markan version of the encounter between Jesus and the Gerasene Demoniac (Mk 5.1-20) is themost elaborate exorcism account in the entire New Testament. The combination of a narrative-critical approach with a multidisciplinary diachronic analysis of the historical, social and religious dimensions underlying the text highlights the reconfiguring power of the narrative. More broadly, the micro narrativeof the exorcism of the Gerasene demoniac participates in the larger project implemented by the implicit author on the scale of the macro-narrative, i.e., the entire Gospel of Mark. In this perspective, it is possible to appreciate in which ways Mark 5:1-20 relates to the narrative world of Mark’s Gospel, especially with regards to the young man who runs away naked when Jesus was arrested (Mk 14.51-52) and the the young man at the tomb (Mk 16.1-8). Reading Mark 5.1-20 with and after Mark 14.51-52 and 16.1-8 leads to the reader’s epistemic reconfiguration on central markan themes, such as Jesus' identity, the nature of disciple ship and the envisioned relationship between the disciple and his absent Master
Ren, Xiaobo. "Syntaxe diachronique et synchronique des constructions passives en chinois : essai de comparaison avec les formes passives du français." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030139.
Full textIn today's chinese, the common passive form is the following : "(np1) + bei (+ np2-agent) + v (+c)". This structure can already be found in medieval chinese (8th century a. D. ), but it only became the most current passive form in modern chinese, around the 14th and 15th centuries. In archaic chinese and in medieval chinese, other constructions with other marks than bei were used to express the passive form. They were essentially : i. E. Yu, wei. . . Suo and jian. Various constraints on the passive forms regarding syntax, semantics and communication as well, explain why all the active forms may not always have an exact corresponding passive form and why some passive forms are sometimes more natural than their corresponding active forms. The differences that arise between the chinese language and the french language, emphasize the fact that some passive forms in one language are adequately rendered by active forms in the other language, thus a choice has to be made between syntaxic, semantic and communicative levels
De, Lima Gomes Rodrigues Wirla Branca. "La représentation spatiale en portugais et dans les langues romanes : étude contrastive des démonstratifs et adverbes de lieu afférents : approches diachronique, synchronique et comparative." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3090/document.
Full textPortuguese grammars set as a ternary system of demonstratives, but in the effective use of language we observe a tendency to install a binary system in both European and Brazilian Portuguese. The forms of 1st and 2nd person are neutralized in opposition to the forms of 3rd person, in the paradigm of determinants as well as in the paradigm of pronouns. In this study, we analyze the use of demonstratives and adverbs of place in a corpus of graphic novels of Brazilian Portuguese and European Portuguese. Our main objective is to verify if there are different forms of coding the dimensions of space and person in these two varieties. This work is aligned with Guillaume's psychosystématique concerning the representation of space and the formal differences in the manner how speakers represent themselves as persons. Our main hypothesis is that possible differences in the use of demonstrative forms reflect different orientation of mental operations adopted by Portuguese and Brazilian speakers. The two varieties represented oral Portuguese have neutralizations compromising the distinction among three referential domains: the 1st person, the 2nd person and the 3rd person. However, this trend appears differently in each variety especially in relation to the determinant demonstratives. While Brazilian Portuguese generalizes the form of second person esse, European Portuguese generalizes the 1st person form este. Furthermore, we show that the referential strengthening through reinforced sequences with adverbials of place, more frequent in Brazilian Portuguese, creates discursive oppositions that go beyond the reconstruction of a ternary division of geographical space
Groenen, Marc. "Diachronie et synchronie dans l'approche du paléolithique, des origines de la science préhistorique au milieu du XXème siècle: analyse interne des méthodes et concepts fondamentaux." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212663.
Full textMariet, Anne-Lise. "Contamination en éléments traces métalliques et changements de végétation liés aux activités minières dans le massif des Vosges : approche diachronique et synchronique des impacts environnementaux." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2077.
Full textSince at least the last two millennia, mining and smelting activities have occurred in the Vosges Mountains and conducted to (i) the emission of trace metal (TM) contaminated particles in the atmosphere, (ii) the presence of mining and smelting wastes and (iii) landscape changes. Due to the use of resources from this mountainous area by local populations, it is necessary to measure impacts of these past activities on the forested ecosystem.This PhD thesis proposes a multi-proxy approach coupling geochemistry, palynology and ecotoxicology. Several phases of TM deposits have been recorded and correspond to major phases of TM contamination known in the northern hemisphere and also local periods of mining/smelting activities. The impact of mining activities on the landscape appears to be reduced contrary to historical data that described shortage of wood due to mining activities. The bioavailability and the risk associated to TMs from mining activities have been assessed in a former lead (Pb)-silver mining district by an active bioindication campaign using Cantareus aspersus, considered as indicator of soil quality. Among the eight stations, four of them present an excess of TM transfer conducting to a high ecological risk, particularly in two archaeological mining sites but also in a kitchen garden. Lead fractionation and speciation highlight the use of slags as amendments in the kitchen garden. Trace metal contamination of the soil due to mining activities is still bioavailable for soil organisms and so potentially transferred in food chain
Lagerqvist, Hans. "La préposition "chiés" en ancien français : étude diachronique et synchronique basée sur un corpus de textes littéraires datant des X, XI, XII et XIIIe siècles /." Uppsala : Acta universitatis Upsaliensis, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35577889v.
Full textSchattner-Rieser, Ursula. "L'arameen des manuscrits de la mer morte. Analyse phonetique et phonologique, diachronique et comparee." Paris, EPHE, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EPHE4056.
Full textThe present dissertation includes two parts. The first one consists of a diachronic and comparative analysis of the phonetic system of aramaic. This part concentrates on the consonantical mutations embracing the period from the seventh century bc to the first century ad. The second one is a grammatical treatise about the aramaic of the dead sea scrolls. The corpus for the grammar consists of the literary texts found in the qumran caves and of the documents from the caves in the neighbourhood (wadi murabba'at, nahal hever and wadi seyal. The material analysed shows the different strata of the aramaic language from the hellenestic and roman periods, which is rich in innovations, differing from offical aramaic of the achemenid period as also from biblical aramaic
Dakos, Dimitri. "La representation sociale de la famille a l'ecole elementaire. Etude comparative synchronique et diachronique entre deux pays representatifs des disparites europeennes : la grece et la france." Toulouse 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU20019.
Full textMany different themes are dealt with at elementary school. There is great diversity in the educational material used to socialize the child from his earliest infancy. This study analyses the family as an agent of primary socialization. In particular, the author gives due recognition to the complementarity existing between family and school and attempts to identify the ideology of the family propounded by school text books which constitute the official "legal" discourse on this subjetc. Three avenues of research are investigated both synchronically and diachronically : reading text books - whose importance as educational tools is demonstrated; educational changes and developments and finally mutations in the family since the 1960s as seen through the evolution of the "ideal-type" family proposed in the elementary school context. This study of the "model family" and its development was carried out on a comparative basis in two countries representative of european divergences : france and greece
Dakos, Dimitri. "La Représentation sociale de la famille à l'école élémentaire étude comparative synchronique et diachronique entre deux pays représentatifs des disparités européennes, la Grèce et la France /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612855j.
Full textBaider, Fabienne. "Collocation, connotation, contamination, analyse sémantique et diachronique des collocations du type adjectif et femme/homme." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0018/NQ50032.pdf.
Full textHanna, Mirna. "Une approche sémiotique de l’architecture domestique à Beyrouth au XXème siècle. Étude comparative de deux cas typologiques." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040076.
Full textThe purpose of a semiotic analysis of architecture is to see how non verbal codes manifest themselves through the architectural language, based upon the idea that such a language is conditioned by macro-social values, and therefore the architectural sign should be considered as an anthropological marker. This multi-disciplinary approach combining different fields such as architecture, semiotics and anthropology, is aimed on one hand at contributing to semiotics by proposing a methodology for the analysis of an architectural corpus, and on the other hand, to broadening the field of urban geography to new disciplines, and finally, to providing a new analysis of Beirut’s urban fabric through the comparative case study of two architectural typologies. The proposed semiotic approach can be applied as a tool of urban geography to architectural corpuses and urban fabrics in order to understand the mechanisms of production and obsolescence of form
Biaya, Tshikala Kayembe. "Femmes, possession et christianisme au Zaïre : analyse diachronique des productions et pratiques de la spiritualité chrétienne africaine." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28968.
Full textQuimper, Hélène. "La peur enfantine en milieu rural : analyse diachronique de sa nature et de ses représentations." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28421.
Full textBationo, Anne. "Pratique des activités narratives instrumentées : une analyse diachronique et structuro-fonctionnelle en amont de la conception." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00096993.
Full textBationo, Tillon Anne. "Pratiques des activités narratives instrumentées : une analyse diachronique et structuro-fonctionnelle en amont de la conception." Paris 8, 2006. http://octaviana.fr/document/105696501#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textWe wonder about the shapes of mobile narrative activities (while in move) as well as the ones of post-mobile narrative activities (after the move), and the possible echo existing between those two types of activities based on different times. About this matter, the transitional artifacts, that we define and challenge, allow us to comprehend the narrative activities in a holistic way. We suggest to structure theoretically and methodologically the instrumental approach (Rabardel, 1995), and the course of action (Theureau, 2004) in order to understand the narrative activities while adopting an accurate analysis. This analysis pinpoints the particular temporal sequences while producing generic results which can be extracted from the particular. This work is made of three complementary empiric studies; an exploratory study, a case study and an ergonomic experimentation. The results of this thesis could feed the conception of helping devices for mobile and post-mobile narrative activities
Bationo, Tillon Anne Rabardel Pierre. "Pratique des activités narratives instrumentées une analyse diachronique et structuro-fonctionnelle en amont de la conception /." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris VIII, 2006. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/bationo-tillon_anne.pdf.
Full textAlbert, Sabine. "Analyse diachronique du Trésor de la Langue Française et de l'Oxford English Dictionary : le traitement des emprunts." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CERG0936/document.
Full textTHE TRÉSOR DE LA LANGUE FRANÇAISE ANDTHE OXFORD ENGLISH DICTIONARY :A DIACHRONICAL ANALYSIS OF LOAN-WORDSABSTRACTThere is no language that does not expand thanks to loan-words : they permit the lexical stock to get richer and refreshed as are developed the relationships between cultures and countries. English and French languages, since they have been spreading over all continents, have acquired a lot of words from other horizons, that, moreover, they often shared. Actually, we can but notice that their geographic proximity and the richness of their history have aroused an important interpenetration during more than ten centuries. That is why we wanted to show, in this study, the impact of loan-words on both languages, and to analyse the way the most extensive dictionaries on either side of the Channel — the Trésor de la Langue Française and the Oxford English Dictionary — dealt with them.In the first part of this work, we study how French and English lexicons were built up over the course of time according to foreign contributions, and we define the very notion of loan-word in order to show how complex it is. Afterwards, we present the corpus on which rests this study.The second part is dedicated to an exhaustive presentation of the Trésor de la Langue Française and of the Oxford English Dictionary. After a recounting of language dictionaries and of the creation of those two dictionaries, their main features are highlighted and their constitution accurately examined, as well macrostructurally as microstructurally. We also point out the advantages of their informatisation.In the last part, we observe more precisely how the different types of loan-words are reported and what kind of indications are given about them. Then, we point out the distinctive characteristics of the way loan-words are dealt with and the lexicographical difficulties in describing words from elsewhere
Pascalon, Anne. "Le changement dans l'organisation : l'émergence de nouvelles capacités collectives : analyse diachronique de deux usines de laminage." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990IEPP0025.
Full textØstby, Kathrine Asla. "Les voyelles orales à double timbre dans le parler de la haute bourgeoisie parisienne : analyse acoustique et diachronique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100052.
Full textThis dissertation is concerned with the vowels /A, E, Ø, O/ in contemporary Parisian French. Traditionally, the vowels each represent two phonemes, /a, ɑ/, /e, ɛ/, /ø, œ/ and /o, ɔ/, but literature on French phonology reports that the French vowel system is undergoing a simplification by neutralisation of these phonological contrasts (Armstrong 2001). By an apparent-time analysis of new phonological data produced by 12 informants from la haute bourgeoisie parisienne, the study seeks to determine whether this tendency also manifests itself in the behaviour of a socially privileged and close-knit, and as such presumably linguistically conservative, group (Labov 1972, Milroy & Milroy 1992). The data was produced in different contexts, ranging from very formal to informal, and acoustically analyzed.The analysis confirms that neutralisation of vowel contrasts is less common amongst the 12 informants than in other groups of speaker, although the degree of linguistic conservatism depends on the specific vowel. For instance, in the case of the pair /o, ɔ/, the 12 informants display a very conservative behaviour, whereas for the pair /a, ɑ/, the results differ very little from the results of other studies, the /a/-/ɑ/ contrast having practically disappeared.A survey of the informants’ linguistic attitudes reflects a very high level of linguistic security. For each vowel, ongoing change correlates with a relatively high Index of Linguistic Insecurity (ILI, Labov 1966). The ILI cannot, however, account for the individual behaviours; this raises questions about the traditional interpretation of the correlation between a speaker’s ILI and his/her linguistic behaviour
Aubry, Nicolas Christophe. "Changements syntaxiques dans le Yorùbá de la presse (1930-2010) : traitement automatique d'un corpus diachronique et analyse des résultats." Paris, INALCO, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INAL0013.
Full textWe use a part-of-speech tagger for an automatic processing of a 400. 000 words diachronic corpus of newspapers in Yoruba language (Nigeria) published between the 1930's and the 2000's, typed and standardized manually. The results of this tagging are then used as data for an analysis of syntactic changes having occured during that period. The focus is on grammaticalisation phenomena and serial verb constructions. Chapter 1 presents the yoruba language in the Lexical Functional Grammar framework and describes the tagger. Chapter 2 introduces the Yoruba press from a historical perspective, describes the corpus and its standardization, and ends on a brief study of the press vocabulary. Chapter 3 presents the syntactic changes that have been discovered