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Santos, Ariovaldo dos, and Paola R. Londero. "ICPC 14: what is missing?" Revista Contabilidade & Finanças 28, no. 75 (2017): 478–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-057x201704740.
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ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to raise questions about Technical Interpretation 14 (ICPC 14) from the Accounting Standards Committee with regards to the statutory characteristics of Brazilian cooperative societies. We do not aim to provide definitive solutions by exhausting all conceptual analyses and accounting alternatives involving the reclassification of member shares, or “quotas”, from net equity to liabilities, but rather to present some considerations with regards to points that are not explicit in ICPC 14. Applying the concept of adjustment to present value (APV) is the main point of this study, which was not taken into account when ICPC 14 was elaborated. Analysis of the statutes of cooperatives indicates, as a common characteristic, the obligation to always pay the redemption of members’ quotas in a period of more than one year, and this leads us to conclude that for a reliable representation of the phenomenon it is necessary to recognize the APV of this reclassified liability.
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O'Halloran, Julie, Graeme C. Miller, and Helena Britt. "Defining chronic conditions for primary care with ICPC-2." Family Practice 21, no. 4 (2004): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmh407.
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Abstract Background. With the increasing prevalence of chronic conditions, there is need for a standardized definition of chronicity for use in research, to evaluate the population prevalence and general practice management of chronic conditions. Objectives. Our aims were to determine the characteristics required to define chronicity, apply them to a primary care classification and provide a defined codeset of chronic conditions. Methods. A literature review evaluated characteristics used to define chronic conditions. The final set of characteristics was applied to the International Classification of Primary Care-Version 2 (ICPC-2) through more specific terms available in ICPC-2 PLUS, an extended terminology classified to ICPC-2. A set of ICPC-2 rubrics was delineated as representing chronic conditions. Results. Factors found to be relevant to a definition of chronic conditions for research were: duration; prognosis; pattern; and sequelae. Within ICPC-2, 129 rubrics were described as ‘chronic’, and another 20 rubrics had elements of chronicity. Duration was the criterion most frequently satisfied (98.4% of chronic rubrics), while 88.2% of rubrics met at least three of the four criteria. Conclusion. Monitoring the prevalence and management of chronic conditions is of increasing importance. This study provided evidence for multifaceted definitions of chronicity. While all characteristics examined could be used by those interested in chronicity, the list has been designed to identify chronic conditions managed in Australian general practice, and is therefore not a nomenclature of all chronic conditions. Subsequent analysis of chronic conditions using pre-existing data sets will provide a baseline measure of chronic condition prevalence and management in general practice.
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Quinlan, M. P., and D. M. Knipe. "Stimulation of expression of a herpes simplex virus DNA-binding protein by two viral functions." Molecular and Cellular Biology 5, no. 5 (1985): 957–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.5.5.957-963.1985.
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We examined the expression and localization of herpesvirus proteins in monkey cells transfected with recombinant plasmids containing herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA sequences. Low levels of expression of the major HSV DNA-binding protein ICP8 were observed when ICP8-encoding plasmids were introduced into cells alone. ICP8 expression was greatly increased when a recombinant plasmid encoding the HSV alpha (immediate-early) ICP4 and ICP0 genes was transfected with the ICP8 gene. Deletion and subcloning analysis indicated that two separate functions capable of stimulating ICP8 expression were encoded on the alpha gene plasmid. One mapped in or near the ICP4 gene, and one mapped in or near the ICP0 gene. Their stimulatory effects were synergistic when introduced on two separate plasmids. Thus, two separate viral functions can activate herpesvirus early gene expression in transfected cells.
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Quinlan, M. P., and D. M. Knipe. "Stimulation of expression of a herpes simplex virus DNA-binding protein by two viral functions." Molecular and Cellular Biology 5, no. 5 (1985): 957–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.5.5.957.
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We examined the expression and localization of herpesvirus proteins in monkey cells transfected with recombinant plasmids containing herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA sequences. Low levels of expression of the major HSV DNA-binding protein ICP8 were observed when ICP8-encoding plasmids were introduced into cells alone. ICP8 expression was greatly increased when a recombinant plasmid encoding the HSV alpha (immediate-early) ICP4 and ICP0 genes was transfected with the ICP8 gene. Deletion and subcloning analysis indicated that two separate functions capable of stimulating ICP8 expression were encoded on the alpha gene plasmid. One mapped in or near the ICP4 gene, and one mapped in or near the ICP0 gene. Their stimulatory effects were synergistic when introduced on two separate plasmids. Thus, two separate viral functions can activate herpesvirus early gene expression in transfected cells.
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Han, Chao, and Hang Su. "Can new consumption promote urban industrial resilience? Empirical evidence from pilot cities of information consumption." PLOS One 20, no. 5 (2025): e0323101. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323101.
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The rapid advancement of digital technology and its widespread application have led to digitalization, personalization, and customization in the demand side of China’s economy. Enhancing industrial resilience through new types of consumption is of great practical significance for expanding domestic demand and promoting high-quality, sustainable economic growth in China. This study examines the impact of the Information Consumption Pilot City (ICPC) policy as a quasi-natural experiment on urban industrial resilience, employing the difference-in-difference (DID) method for empirical analysis. The findings reveal that the ICPC policy significantly enhances the level of urban industrial resilience. Heterogeneity tests indicate that this enhancement effect is particularly pronounced in eastern, central, and larger urban regions. Furthermore, the ICPC policy primarily strengthens urban industrial resilience through three mechanisms: information development, entrepreneurial agglomeration, and digital financial effects. This study contributes to the literature on new consumption and urban industrial resilience in the digital economy, evaluates the economic impacts of pilot policies on information consumption, and offers valuable implications for policymakers.
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Yusuf, Laiatu, Murtala Ibrahim Aminu, Oluwatobi Fatai Kilani, and Oba Fadare Gbenga. "ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF PEOPLE-DRIVEN ANTI-CORRUPTION CAMPAIGN: AN ANALYSIS OF INDEPENDENT CORRUPT PRACTICES AND OTHER RELATED OFFENCES COMMISSION IN NIGERIA." International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 11, no. 2 (2023): 47–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827452.
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<strong>Abstract:</strong> Nigeria's anti-corruption campaign was initiated by the government of Nigeria and is still predominantly being led by the government. Notwithstanding the renewed anti-corruption efforts since 2015 as well as the existence of a National Anti-corruption Strategy (NACS) since 2017, implementation of the campaign especially by the Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC) has not been seen as successful. This study was exploratory and primary data were collected through Key Informants Interviews (KIIs) interviews conducted on 15 persons that were selected from the ICPC Headquarters in Abuja using purposive samples. Also, secondary data were obtained through online sources that were analysed and presented using descriptive method. The research findings revealed several issues in the implementation of Nigeria's anti-corruption campaigns, including selective prosecution and political interference in the anti-corruption fight; seemingly lack of transparency and inadequate political will to fight corruption on the part of government; lack of trust in the judiciary as offenders are still able to evade justice because of the weakness and corruption in the criminal justice system; poor management of the recovered loots such that there is presently no visible positive impact of the corruption war on the masses in respect of their welfare and even their daily experiences, among others. Based on these issues and challenges, the study concluded that if the suggested recommendations are implemented, Nigeria's anti-corruption campaigns could be more robust and successful, especially, when it involves commitment of more stakeholders and the common people who would voluntarily but actively participate and support it. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Challenges, People-Driven, Anti-Corruption, Analysis ICPC. <strong>Title:</strong> ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF PEOPLE-DRIVEN ANTI-CORRUPTION CAMPAIGN: AN ANALYSIS OF INDEPENDENT CORRUPT PRACTICES AND OTHER RELATED OFFENCES COMMISSION IN NIGERIA <strong>Author:</strong> Yusuf Laiatu, Aminu Murtala Ibrahim, Kilani Oluwatobi Fatai, Gbenga Oba Fadare <strong>International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research </strong> <strong>ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)</strong> <strong>Vol. 11, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023</strong> <strong>Page No: 47-53</strong> <strong>Research Publish Journals</strong> <strong>Website: www.researchpublish.com</strong> <strong>Published Date: 14-April-2023</strong> <strong>DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7827452</strong> <strong>Paper Download Link (Source)</strong> <strong>https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/issues-and-challenges-of-people-driven-anti-corruption-campaign-an-analysis-of-independent-corrupt-practices-and-other-related-offences-commission-in-nigeria</strong>
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Muscat, Danielle Marie, Pinika Patel, Sharon Reid, Tammy Hoffmann, Loai Albarqouni, and Lyndal Trevena. "Content analysis of clinical questions from Australian general practice which are prioritised for answering: identifying common question types and perceived knowledge gaps." BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine 25, no. 1 (2019): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2019-111210.
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Perceived knowledge gaps in general practice are not well documented but must be understood to ensure relevant and timely evidence for busy general practitioners (GPs) which reflects their diverse and changing needs. The aim of this study was to classify the types of questions submitted by Australian GPs to an evidence-based practice information service using established and inductive coding systems. We analysed 126 clinical questions submitted by 53 Australian GPs over a 1.5-year period. Questions were coded using the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC-2 PLUS) and Ely and colleagues’ generic questions taxonomy by two independent coders. Inductive qualitative content analysis was also used to identify perceived knowledge gaps. Treatment (71%), diagnosis (15%) and epidemiology (9%) were the most common categories of questions. Using the ICPC-2 classification, questions were most commonly coded to the endocrine/metabolic and nutritional chapter heading, followed by general and unspecified, digestive and musculoskeletal. Seventy per cent of all questions related to the need to stay up-to-date with the evidence, or be informed about new tests or treatments (including complementary and alternative therapies). These findings suggest that current guideline formats for common clinical problems may not meet the knowledge demands of GPs and there is gap in access to evidence updates on new tests, treatments and complementary and alternative therapies. Better systems for ‘pulling’ real-time questions from GPs could better inform the ‘push’ of more relevant and timely evidence for use in the clinical encounter.
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Miura, Yoichi, Fujimaro Ishida, Kazuhide Hamada, et al. "Relationship between Intraoperative Findings and Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis in ICPC Aneurysm presenting Oculomotor Nerve Palsy." Japanese Journal of Neurosurgery 19, no. 10 (2010): 767–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7887/jcns.19.767.
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Zhao, Duan Yang, and Qing Xiang Xu. "Research and Practice on Algorithm Analysis and Design Course Teaching Based on Online Judge." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 1168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.1168.
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This paper describes the algorithms analysis and design course that uses ACM-ICPC programming competition problems as the basis for the lectures, homework and exams. Programming contest has certain timeliness, openness and objectivity of evaluation. By taking part in programming competitions students can improve solving problems and programming skills. The course of algorithm analysis and design presents the solution strategies of a number of specific issues (such as the sorting problems, search problems, path problems, combinatorial problems, etc.) so that students can master the algorithm design strategies and analysis methods. We prepare many problems for each issue in the online judgment system (OJS). By using OJS, we carry out all experiments and examinations in the specified times. After solving some problem, students submit the code to OJS through browser. We can output the student codes to further analysis in the background management system. Online judge system provides an open, independent teaching platform for students to learn the course knowledge. With OJS students can submit their code at any time and any where.
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Loret, Sandra, and Roger Lippé. "Biochemical analysis of infected cell polypeptide (ICP)0, ICP4, UL7 and UL23 incorporated into extracellular herpes simplex virus type 1 virions." Journal of General Virology 93, no. 3 (2012): 624–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.039776-0.
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Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) capsids assemble in the nucleus but acquire their teguments from various cellular compartments. Unfortunately, little is known about their exact arrangement and when they coat the newly produced capsids. The complexity of the virions is further highlighted by our recent proteomics analysis that detected the presence of several novel or controversial components in extracellular HSV-1 virions. The present study probes the localization and linkage to the virus particles of some of these incorporated proteins. We confirm the recently reported tight association of infected cell polypeptide (ICP)0 with the capsid and show that this property extends to ICP4. We also confirm our proteomics data and show biochemically that UL7 and UL23 are indeed mature virion tegument components that, unlike ICP0 and ICP4, are salt-extractable. Interestingly, treatment with N-ethylmaleimide, which covalently modifies reduced cysteines, strongly prevented the release of UL7 and UL23 by salts, but did not perturb the interactions of ICP0 and ICP4 with the virus particles. This hitheir at distinct biochemical properties of the virion constituents and the selective implication of reduced cysteines in their organization and dynamics. Finally, the data revealed, by two independent means, the presence of ICP0 and ICP4 on intranuclear capsids, consistent with the possibility that they may at least partially be recruited to the virus particles early on. These findings add significantly to our understanding of HSV-1 virion assembly and to the debate about the incorporation of ICP0 and ICP4 in virus particles.
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Rocha, Filipa, Cristiana J. Silva, Sofia J. Pinheiro, Vera Afreixo, Rui Pedro Leitão, and Miguel Felgueiras. "Characterization of the Appointment’s Reasons for“P—Psychological” on the ICPC-2 Scale in Primary Health Care Services." Mathematical and Computational Applications 30, no. 2 (2025): 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/mca30020028.
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(1) Background: Mental health significantly impacts personal relationships and societal integration. Portugal faces a high prevalence of psychiatric illnesses and psychological distress, which the COVID-19 pandemic might have exacerbated. Therefore, this study aims to study risk factors that lead to psychological problems, using data available in the primary health care centers of the region of Aveiro. (2) Methods: This observational and retrospective study analyzes data from 2009 to 2022 on psychological consultations in the Aveiro municipalities. Variables considered are municipality, International Classification of Primary Care problem, sex, and comorbidities (cancer, obesity, and diabetes). Summary statistics and graphs were employed for data understanding, with R software used for analysis. Regression models, odds ratios, and association tests were calculated. Also, cluster analysis was performed on municipalities. (3) Results: A new, significant increase in the appointment growth rate was observed in 2021 and 2022. Anxiety and depressive disorders contribute to the identified growth. Women reported more problems than men. Cancer was the most present comorbidity. (4) Conclusions: The study reveals increased mental health problems, with primary health care users in Aveiro experiencing worsened psychosocial health, resulting in more medical consultations for psychological reasons. Risk factors included being female and having chronic conditions such as cancer. The findings provide insights into the burden of mental health issues in the region, highlighting the need for effective mental health interventions and resources to address health inequalities and support at-risk groups.
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IJIRSHAR, Victor Ushahemba, Terseer Anthony MAKAR, Ayila NGUTSAV, Joyce Mbakosun AYAGA, Aondover Dennis UNGWA, and Muhammad LAWAL. "AN ASSESSMENT OF CONTROL OF CORRUPTION AS A DRIVER OF ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA." Journal of Public Administration, Finance and Law 31 (2024): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/jopafl-2024-31-13.
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This research investigated the influence of control of corruption on the economic growth of Nigeria spanning from 1996 to 2022. The Autoregressive Regressive Distributed Lagged Model was employed for data analysis. The study found that control of corruption has weak positive influence on economic growth in Nigeria in the long run but a strong negative influence on economic growth in the short-run. The dual nature of the influence of corruption control on economic growth in Nigeria—weakly positive in the long run and strongly negative in the short run—can be rationalized by considering the gradual nature of institutional change. The study recommends the empowering of anti-corruption agencies like the Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC) and enforcing strict sanctions to influence cultural and moral change, while creating additional agencies, promoting transparent leaders, and fostering public discourse.
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Chidiebere, Opara, David Nwogbo, Mark Ochala, and Musa Zakari. "Effect of Transformational Leadership on Financial Reforms Implementation and Accountability in Nigeria's Public Sector (2016-2023)." International Journal of Advanced Studies of Economics and Public Sector Management 13, no. 1 (2025): 319–36. https://doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijasepsm.v13.i1.18.
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This study assessed effect of transformational leadership on financial reforms and accountability in Nigeria's public sector (2016–2023). It adopted a descriptive survey. The target population included public sector employees and financial regulators across key Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs). A sample size of 371 was selected from a population of 5,200 using the Taro Yamane formula, with participants chosen through simple random sampling. Primary data were collected via structured questionnaires on leadership practices, reforms, and accountability. Inferential statistics (regression analysis) were used. Hypothesis one found that anti-corruption enforcement positively affects accountability (β = 0.387, p < 0.001). Hypothesis two revealed that audit effectiveness strengthens accountability (β = 0.261, p = 0.001), and hypothesis three indicated that financial reporting systems foster stakeholder trust (β = 0.298, p = 0.001). The study concludes that transformational leadership is crucial for financial reforms, with anti-corruption enforcement, audits, and reporting systems as key pillars of accountability. It recommends strengthening anti-corruption frameworks, equipping agencies like EFCC and ICPC with forensic tools, enforcing whistleblower protections.
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Halford, William P., Clinton D. Kemp, Jennifer A. Isler, David J. Davido, and Priscilla A. Schaffer. "ICP0, ICP4, or VP16 Expressed from Adenovirus Vectors Induces Reactivation of Latent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in Primary Cultures of Latently Infected Trigeminal Ganglion Cells." Journal of Virology 75, no. 13 (2001): 6143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.13.6143-6153.2001.
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ABSTRACT In a previous study, we demonstrated that infected-cell polypeptide 0 (ICP0) is necessary for the efficient reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in primary cultures of latently infected trigeminal ganglion (TG) cells (W. P. Halford and P. A. Schaffer, J. Virol. 75:3240–3249, 2001). The present study was undertaken to determine whether ICP0 is sufficient to trigger HSV-1 reactivation in latently infected TG cells. To test this hypothesis, replication-defective adenovirus vectors that express wild-type and mutant forms of ICP0 under the control of a tetracycline response element (TRE) promoter were constructed. Similar adenovirus vectors encoding wild-type ICP4, wild-type and mutant forms of the HSV-1 origin-binding protein (OBP), and wild-type and mutant forms of VP16 were also constructed. The TRE promoter was induced by coinfection of Vero cells with the test vector and an adenovirus vector that expresses the reverse tetracycline-regulated transactivator in the presence of doxycycline. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that transcription of the OBP gene in the adenovirus expression vector increased as a function of doxycycline concentration over a range of 0.1 to 10 μM. Likewise, Western blot analysis demonstrated that addition of 3 μM doxycycline to adenovirus vector-infected Vero cells resulted in a 100-fold increase in OBP expression. Wild-type forms of ICP0, ICP4, OBP, and VP16 expressed from adenovirus vectors were functional based on their ability to complement plaque formation in Vero cells by replication-defective HSV-1 strains with mutations in these genes. Adenovirus vectors that express wild-type forms of ICP0, ICP4, or VP16 induced reactivation of HSV-1 in 86% ± 5%, 86% ± 5%, and 97% ± 5% of TG cell cultures, respectively (means ± standard deviations). In contrast, vectors that express wild-type OBP or mutant forms of ICP0, OBP, or VP16 induced reactivation in 5% ± 5%, 8% ± 0%, 0% ± 0%, and 13% ± 6% of TG cell cultures, respectively. In control infections, an adenovirus vector expressed green fluorescent protein efficiently in TG neurons but did not induce HSV-1 reactivation. Therefore, expression of ICP0, ICP4, or VP16 is sufficient to induce HSV-1 reactivation in latently infected TG cell cultures. We conclude that this system provides a powerful tool for determining which cellular and viral proteins are sufficient to induce HSV-1 reactivation from neuronal latency.
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F. T., Akinrujomu, Momodu G. I., Osuwah O. C., and Ononiwu O. N. "Accountability and Economic Development in Nigeria." African Journal of Accounting and Financial Research 7, no. 3 (2024): 188–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajafr-l33qnxov.
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This study sought to examine the accountability and economic development in Nigeria. Specifically, the study determined the effect of accountability on the level of gross domestic product in Nigeria and evaluated the effect of accountability on the level of public capital expenditure in Nigeria. Ex-post facto research design was employed, and data was gathered from the World Development Index (WDI) and Central Bank of Nigeria (2014-2023). In order to evaluate the analysis, two hypotheses were tested using an auto-regressive distributed lag approach. The findings revealed that there is a significant negative correlation between accountability and GDP growth as well as public capital expenditures in Nigeria. The study therefore concluded that the only hope for economic development in Nigeria is the complete eradication of corruption at all levels. It was recommended that the immunity clause in the Nigerian constitution should be removed as ICPC and EFCC have become toothless bulldogs to bring to the public notice the financial crimes in the public offices. Similarly, strict policies are needed to curtail corruption practices in public offices. Corruption has denied the huge investments (GCF) and there is no corresponding positive effect on the Nigerian economic development.
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Ojiya, Emmanuel Ameh. "An Empirical Analysis of the effect of Agricultural Input on Agricultural Productivity in Nigeria." International Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology 3, no. 4 (2017): 077–85. https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-815X.000026.
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The main object of this study is to investigate the effect of Agricultural input on Agricultural productivity in Nigeria from 1990 to 2016 using secondary annual time series data sourced from World Bank database (2016) and Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin (2016). The methodology adopted for the study was first and foremost unit root test by Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) approach; a test for longrun relationship (Johansen cointegration), Granger causality test and then the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multiple regression method. Variables in the model were both stationary as well as exhibited longrun equilibrium relationship. Empirical OLS regression result revealed an inverse relationship between government expenditure and agricultural output. Deriving from the findings, the study recommended the following for policy implementation: The Nigerian government should put in place policies and modalities that will encourage existing banks (both commercial and agricultural banks) to make credit facilities readily available to farmers with personnel assigned to monitor and ensure that such funds are judiciously used for the purpose which it is taken; Government must provide funds to acquire sophisticated farm tools (harvesters, tractors, herbicides, fertilizer etc.) and as well build irrigation, dams, storage facilities and establish food processing industries across the country to enable farmers increase productivity, process and preserve their food stuff; Finally, government spending on agricultural sector must of a necessity be increased. The present lackluster and uninspiring attitude of government to management of appropriated funds must change. Corrupt civil servants, contractors and bureaucrats who divert and misappropriate allocated funds for the growth of the sector must be punished to serve as a deterrent to other intending treasury looters. The various financial crimes commissions such as EFCC and ICPC should be strengthen to do this.
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Lium, Erik K., Christos A. Panagiotidis, Xiaoshan Wen, and Saul J. Silverstein. "The NH2 Terminus of the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Regulatory Protein ICP0 Contains a Promoter-Specific Transcription Activation Domain." Journal of Virology 72, no. 10 (1998): 7785–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.10.7785-7795.1998.
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ABSTRACT The transcriptional program of herpes simplex virus is regulated by the concerted action of three immediate-early (α) proteins, ICP4, ICP27, and ICP0. The experiments described in this study examine the role of the acidic amino terminus (amino acids 1 to 103) of ICP0 in gene activation. When tethered to a DNA binding domain, this sequence activates transcription in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Deletion of these amino acids affects the ability of ICP0 to activate α-gene promoter reporters in transient expression assays, while it has little or no effect on a β- and a γ-gene reporter in the same assay. Viruses that express the deleted form of ICP0 (ICP0-NX) have a small-plaque phenotype on both Vero cells and the complementing cell line L7. Transient expression and immunofluorescence analyses demonstrate that ICP0-NX is a dominant negative form of ICP0. Immunoprecipitation of ICP0 from cells coinfected with viruses expressing ICP0-NX and ICP0 revealed that ICP0 oligomerizes in infected cells. These data, in conjunction with the finding that ICP0-N/X is dominant negative, provide both biochemical and genetic evidence that ICP0 functions as a multimer in infected cells.
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AKINNIYI, Alaba Joseph, and Oladele Emmanuel OLABIMTAN. "The Effectiveness and Ineffectiveness of Combating Corruption in Nigeria." Kampala International University Journal of Education One, One (2021): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.59568/kjed-2021-1-1-005.
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Corruption is a great disaster that destroys the socio-economic development and political prosperity of any nation. The menace has caused developing countries to fall behind in terms of national and international development. This prompted both state actors and international organisations to wage war against corruption through multiple strategies. The Nigerian fourth republic follows the race in combating corruption and enhancing national development through anti-corruption institutions such as EFCC and ICPC to sanitise the political economy of the state. This paper elucidates the challenges in combating corruption with aim of offering solutions. Despite the existence of antigraft institutions, corruption is still going on due to the lack of political will by the government, political interference, lack of autonomy, paucity of funds among others. Descriptive analysis was duly adopted for this study. Secondary data collection methods were used to collect necessary data for the study. In this regard, secondary data were gathered from textbooks, journals and internet facilities. The study recommended, among other things, that only competent, experienced and morally upright persons should be appointed to leadership positions in anti-corruption agencies in the country. It was also recommended that sufficient funds should be voted for anti-corruption agencies to enable them to acquire necessary security equipment.
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Ekwe, Michael. C., J. U. B. Azubike, and Laime Isaac Odogu. "Forensic Auditing and Public Sector Fraud Detection in Rivers State, Nigeria." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 4, no. 1 (2019): 109–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3604705.
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The study examined The need for forensic auditing in public sector fraud Reduction in Nigerian public sector. To achieve this objective, data was collected from secondary source which include press reports, report of Economic and Financial Crime Commission EFCC , Report of Independent and Corrupt Practices Commission ICPC and Report from investigation committees. Two hypotheses were tested with the use of simple regression analysis. The results revealed that there is a significant relationship between forensic audit and fraud reduction also, that an increase in Forensic Audit significantly leads to a decrease in the occurrence of fraud cases in Nigerian public sector. On the basis of this finding, the study concludes that the services of Professional Forensic Auditors are needed to help reduce the occurrence of fraud in Nigerian public sector. Consequently, the study suggests among others that the Federal Government of Nigeria should adopt the services of professional forensic auditors to help reduce the occurrence of fraud in Nigerian public sector. Ekwe, Michael. C. | Azubike J. U. B. | Odogu, Laime Isaac "Forensic Auditing and Public Sector Fraud Detection in Rivers State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28122.pdf
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CHARLES, Daniel, Simeon G. NENBEE, and Itode J. KRAMA. "Public Investment in the Social Sector and Employment Generation in Nigeria, 1980-2016." Greener Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (2018): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJSS.2018.1.122617182.
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The objective of this paper is to empirically examine the effect of public investment in the social sector on employment generation in Nigeria between 1980 and 2016. Time series data were sourced from secondary sources on unemployment rate (UNE) a proxy for employment generation, Government Expenditure on Education (EDU), Government expenditure on Health (HTH) and Government on Other Social and Community Services (COM). The data sets were analyzed based on the Dynamic OLS proposed by Stock-Watson (1993) technique of analysis to estimate the model. The result of the analysis reveals that Government Expenditure on Education (EDU) is rightly signed and is statistically significant while Government Expenditure on Health (HTH) and Government Expenditure on Other Social and Community services (COM) were wrongly signed and are statistically significant at 5 percent level. This implies that Government Expenditure on Health (HTH) and Government Expenditure on Other Social and Community services (COM) have not generated employment in Nigeria within the period under review. Based on these findings, the study recommends that government should encourage the education and health sectors through increased funding, as well as ensuring that the resources are properly managed and used for the development of education and health services. Lastly, government should increase its funding of anti-graft or anti-corruption agencies like the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC), and the Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC) in order to arrest and penalize those who divert and embezzle public funds
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Dunn, Laura E. M., Claire H. Birkenheuer, and Joel D. Baines. "A Revision of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Transcription: First, Repress; Then, Express." Microorganisms 12, no. 2 (2024): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12020262.
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The herpes virus genome bears more than 80 strong transcriptional promoters. Upon entry into the host cell nucleus, these genes are transcribed in an orderly manner, producing five immediate–early (IE) gene products, including ICP0, ICP4, and ICP22, while non-IE genes are mostly silent. The IE gene products are necessary for the transcription of temporal classes following sequentially as early, leaky late, and true late. A recent analysis using precision nuclear run-on followed by deep sequencing (PRO-seq) has revealed an important step preceding all HSV-1 transcription. Specifically, the immediate–early proteins ICP4 and ICP0 enter the cell with the incoming genome to help preclude the nascent antisense, intergenic, and sense transcription of all viral genes. VP16, which is also delivered into the nucleus upon entry, almost immediately reverses this repression on IE genes. The resulting de novo expression of ICP4 and ICP22 further repress antisense, intergenic, and early and late viral gene transcription through different mechanisms before the sequential de-repression of these gene classes later in infection. This early repression, termed transient immediate–early protein-mediated repression (TIEMR), precludes unproductive, antisense, intergenic, and late gene transcription early in infection to ensure the efficient and orderly progression of the viral cascade.
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Clavería, Ana, María Victoria Delgado-Martín, Ana Goicoechea-Castaño, et al. "Interrupted Time Series Analysis of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and the Consumption of Antibiotics in an Atlantic European Region during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic." Antibiotics 11, no. 2 (2022): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11020264.
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The increasing concern about bacterial resistance has made the rational prescription of antibiotics even more urgent. The non-pharmacological measures established to reduce the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have modified the epidemiology of pediatric infections and, consequently, the use of antibiotics. Interrupted time series (ITS) analyses are quasi-experimental studies that allow for the estimation of causal effects with observational data in “natural experiments”, such as changes in health policies or pandemics. The effect of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the incidence of infectious diseases and the use of antibiotics between 2018 and 2020 in the Health Area of Vigo (Galicia, Spain) was quantified and analyzed. This paper outlines a real-world data study with administrative records from primary care services provided for the pediatric population. The records were related to episodes classified as infectious by the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC-2) and oral medication in the therapeutic subgroup J01, corresponding to antibiotics for systemic use, according to the World Health Organization’s Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. The records were classified according to incident episodes, age, dose per inhabitant, and year. Segmented regression models were applied using an algorithm that automatically identifies the number and position of the change points. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the number of infectious diseases being transmitted between individuals, through the air and through the fecal–oral route, significantly decreased, and a slight decrease in infections transmitted via other mechanisms (urinary tract infections) was also found. In parallel, during the months of the pandemic, there has been a marked and significant reduction in antibacterial agent utilization, mainly of penicillins, cephalosporins, and macrolides.
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Tang, Qiyi, Luge Li, Alexander M. Ishov, Valerie Revol, Alberto L. Epstein, and Gerd G. Maul. "Determination of Minimum Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Components Necessary To Localize Transcriptionally Active DNA to ND10." Journal of Virology 77, no. 10 (2003): 5821–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.10.5821-5828.2003.
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ABSTRACT DNA viruses such as herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) appear to start their replicative processes at specific nuclear domains known as ND10. In analyses to determine the minimum viral components needed for transcript accumulation at ND10, we find that a specific viral DNA sequence, OriS, and the viral immediate-early proteins ICP4 and ICP27 are sufficient for a reporter gene placed in cis to the OriS sequence to transcribe at ND10. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated expected critical intermediates in retaining the minimal genome at ND10 for the HSV-1 replication origin through direct or indirect binding to the host protein Daxx. Coimmunoprecipitation assays with antibodies to Daxx and ICP4, ICP27, and ICP8 showed that the respective proteins interact, possibly forming a complex. A potential complex between the origin, early viral DNA-binding protein ICP8 and Daxx did not result in transcription at ND10. Thus, the deposition of transcriptionally active HSV-1 genomes at ND10 is most likely a consequence of retention at ND10 through the interaction of viral genome-bound ICP4 and ICP27 with Daxx. Such a complex might be more likely immobilized at the outside of ND10 by the PML-interacting Daxx than at other nuclear sites.
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Shapira, Shiran, Gal Aiger, Amitay Ohayon, et al. "Predictors of the CD24/CD11b Biomarker among Healthy Subjects." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 9 (2021): 939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11090939.
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The CD24 gene has raised considerable interest in tumor biology as a new prognostic factor and a biomarker for the early detection of cancer. There are currently no studies that assess predictors of CD24 in blood tests among healthy individuals. Our aims were (1) to evaluate predictors of the CD24/CD11b biomarker among healthy subjects and (2) to assess CD24/CD11b levels of participants with and without benign tumors. Our cohort included 1640 healthy subjects, aged 20–85, recruited at the Health Promotion and Integrated Cancer Prevention Center (ICPC) in the Tel Aviv Medical Center. Eligible subjects completed a detailed questionnaire on medical history and other epidemiologic information. CD24/CD11b expression in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) obtained from blood samples of participants was analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results showed that the average levels of CD24/CD11b in healthy patients (22.8 ± 9.3) was statistically significant lower compared to subjects with benign cancers (26.1 ± 10.5, p < 0.001). Our multivariable analysis demonstrated that elevated levels of CRP (coefficient β: 1.98, p = 0.011) were significantly associated with high levels of CD24/CD11b expression among healthy participants. Other risk factors of cancer were not associated with elevated CD24 levels among healthy subjects. In conclusion, our findings may assist in further development and optimization of the CD24/CD11b biomarker to serve as a cancer screening test for early detection of cancer among the healthy population.
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Veldhuis, Anouk, Danielle Sent, Rik J. B. Loijmans, and Ameen Abu-Hanna. "Time-dependent association between STOPP and START criteria and gastrointestinal bleeding in older patients using routinely collected primary care data." PLOS ONE 18, no. 12 (2023): e0292161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292161.
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Purpose Only few studies have assessed the preventive effect of the STOPP/START criteria on adverse events. We aim to quantify 1) the association between nonadherence to STOPP/START criteria and gastrointestinal bleedings, and 2) the association between exposure to the potentially harmful START-medications and gastrointestinal bleedings. Design A retrospective cohort study using routinely collected data of patients aged ≥ 65 years from the electronic health records (EHR) of 49 general practitioners (GPs) in 6 GP practices, from 2007 to 2014. The database is maintained in the academic research network database (AHA) of Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands. Methods Gastrointestinal bleedings were identified using ICPC codes and free text inspections. Three STOPP and six START criteria pertaining to gastrointestinal bleedings were selected. Cox proportional hazards regression with time-dependent covariate analysis was performed to assess the independent association between nonadherence to the STOPP/START criteria and gastrointestinal bleedings. The analysis was performed with all criteria as a composite outcome, as well as separately for the individual criteria. Results Out of 26,576 participants, we identified 19,070 Potential Inappropriate Medications (PIM)/Potential Prescribing Omission (PPO) instances for 3,193 participants and 146 gastrointestinal bleedings in 143 participants. The hazard ratio for gastrointestinal bleedings of STOPP/STARTs, taken as composite outcome, was 5.45 (95% CI 3.62–8.21). When analysed separately, two out of nine STOPP/STARTs showed significant associations. Conclusion This study demonstrates a significant positive association between nonadherence to the STOPP/START criteria and gastrointestinal bleeding. We emphasize the importance of adherence to the relevant criteria for gastrointestinal bleeding, which may be endorsed by decision support systems.
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Austin, N. Nosike, and A. Ihugba Okezie. "Total Government Spending On Agriculture and Its Output Growth in Nigeria." American Based Research Journal 8, no. 2 (2019): 28–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3456734.
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<em>This study examined the relationship between government spending on agriculture and its output over the period 1970-2015 using Engle-Granger (1987) two step modeling (EGM) procedure involving: cointegration analysis and error correction of parameter estimates. Additionally, Granger causality test was carried out to determine the direction of causation between government spending on agriculture and agriculture sectors output. Based on the data analysis, it was discovered that Total government spending on agriculture (TGSA) has significant effect on agriculture output (AGDP) in the long and short-run.; this relationship is statistically significant in the long run and in the short run. Spending on agriculture sector has the capacity to increase its output by 10.7% if the allocation increases by 1% in the long run while in the short run, one percent increase in government expenditure on agriculture will bring about 10% increase in agriculture output. The study concludes that public expenditure is very crucial instruments for economic growth at the disposal of policy makers in Nigeria and government expenditure on agriculture is basically related to agricultural development and recommends that efforts should be made to increase government funding on agricultural sector and also compliment it with stable macroeconomic policies in order to curtail the level of food shortage and overdependence on foreign food and as well increase funding on anti-graft or anti-corruption agencies like the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC), and the Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC) in order to arrest and penalize those who divert and embezzle public funds.</em>
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Hobbs, William E., Douglas E. Brough, Imre Kovesdi, and Neal A. DeLuca. "Efficient Activation of Viral Genomes by Levels of Herpes Simplex Virus ICP0 Insufficient To Affect Cellular Gene Expression or Cell Survival." Journal of Virology 75, no. 7 (2001): 3391–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.7.3391-3403.2001.
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ABSTRACT Herpes simplex virus (HSV) ICP0 can effectively activate gene expression from otherwise silent promoters contained on persisting viral genomes. However, the expression of high levels of ICP0, as from ICP4− HSV type 1 (HSV-1) vectors, results in marked toxicity. We have analyzed the results of ICP0 expressed from an E1− E4− adenovirus vector (AdS.11E4ICP0) in which ICP0 expression is controlled from the endogenous adenoviral E4 promoter. In this system, the expression level of ICP0 was reduced more than 1,000-fold relative to the level of expression from HSV-1 vectors. This low level of ICP0 did not affect cellular division or greatly perturb cellular metabolism as assessed by gene expression array analysis comparing the effects of HSV and adenovirus vector strains. However, this amount of ICP0 was sufficient to quantitatively destroy ND10 structures as measured by promyelocytic leukemia immunofluorescence. The levels of adenovirus-expressed ICP0 were sufficient to activate quiescent viral genomes in trans and promote persistent transgene expression in cis. Moreover, infection of complementing cells with AdS.11E4ICP0 promoted viral growth and resulted in a 20-fold increase in the plaquing efficiency ofd109, a virus defective for all five immediate-early genes. Thus, the low level expression of ICP0 from the E1−E4− adenovirus vector may increase the utility of adenovirus vectors and also provides a means to efficiently quantify and possibly propagate HSV vectors defective in ICP0. Importantly, the results demonstrate that the activation function of ICP0 may not result from changes in cellular gene expression, but possibly as a direct consequence of an enzymatic function inherent to the protein that may involve its action at ND10 resulting in the preferential activation of viral genomes.
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Sato, Yuka, Akihisa Kato, Yuhei Maruzuru, et al. "Cellular Transcriptional Coactivator RanBP10 and Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ICP0 Interact and Synergistically Promote Viral Gene Expression and Replication." Journal of Virology 90, no. 6 (2016): 3173–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.03043-15.
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ABSTRACTTo investigate the molecular mechanism(s) by which herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) regulatory protein ICP0 promotes viral gene expression and replication, we screened cells overexpressing ICP0 for ICP0-binding host cell proteins. Tandem affinity purification of transiently expressed ICP0 coupled with mass spectrometry-based proteomics technology and subsequent analyses showed that ICP0 interacted with cell protein RanBP10, a known transcriptional coactivator, in HSV-1-infected cells. Knockdown of RanBP10 in infected HEp-2 cells resulted in a phenotype similar to that observed with the ICP0-null mutation, including reduction in viral replication and in the accumulation of viral immediate early (ICP27), early (ICP8), and late (VP16) mRNAs and proteins. In addition, RanBP10 knockdown or the ICP0-null mutation increased the level of histone H3 association with the promoters of these viral genes, which is known to repress transcription. These effects observed in wild-type HSV-1-infected HEp-2 RanBP10 knockdown cells or those observed in ICP0-null mutant virus-infected control HEp-2 cells were remarkably increased in ICP0-null mutant virus-infected HEp-2 RanBP10 knockdown cells. Our results suggested that ICP0 and RanBP10 redundantly and synergistically promoted viral gene expression by regulating chromatin remodeling of the HSV-1 genome for efficient viral replication.IMPORTANCEUpon entry of herpesviruses into a cell, viral gene expression is restricted by heterochromatinization of the viral genome. Therefore, HSV-1 has evolved multiple mechanisms to counteract this epigenetic silencing for efficient viral gene expression and replication. HSV-1 ICP0 is one of the viral proteins involved in counteracting epigenetic silencing. Here, we identified RanBP10 as a novel cellular ICP0-binding protein and showed that RanBP10 and ICP0 appeared to act synergistically to promote viral gene expression and replication by modulating viral chromatin remodeling. Our results provide insight into the mechanisms by which HSV-1 regulates viral chromatin remodeling for efficient viral gene expression and replication.
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Schroll, Henrik, René dePont Christensen, Janus Laust Thomsen, Morten Andersen, Søren Friborg, and Jens Søndergaard. "The Danish Model for Improvement of Diabetes Care in General Practice: Impact of Automated Collection and Feedback of Patient Data." International Journal of Family Medicine 2012 (July 24, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/208123.
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Background. Sentinel Data Capture is an IT program designed to collect data automatically from GPs’ electronic health record system. Data include ICPC diagnoses, National Health Service disbursement codes, laboratory analysis, and prescribed drugs. Quality feedback reports are generated individually for each practice on the basis of the accumulated data and are available online only for the specific practice. Objective. To describe the development of the quality of care concerning drug prescriptions for diabetes patients listed with GPs using the Data Capture module. Methods. In a cohort study, among 8320 registered patients with diabetes, we analyzed the change in the proportion of medication for uncontrolled cases of diabetes. Results. From 2009 to 2010, there was an absolute risk reduction of 1.35% (0.89–1.81: ) in proportion of persons not in antidiabetic medication despite an HbA1c above 7.0. Similarly, there was a 4.51% (3.42–5.61: ) absolute risk reduction in patients not in antihypertensive treatment despite systolic blood pressure above 130 mm Hg and 4.73% (3.56–5.90: ) absolute risk reduction in patients with total cholesterol level above 4.5 mmol/L and not receiving lipid-lowering treatment. Conclusions. Structured collection of electronic data from general practice and feedback with reports on quality of care for diabetes patient seems to give a significant reduction in proportion of patients with no medical treatment over one year for participating GPs. Due to lack of a control group, we are, however, not able to say if the drop in the proportion of uncontrolled cases is a result of participation in collection of electronic data and feedback alone.
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WAN, Eric Yuk Fai, Weng Yee Chin, Esther Yee Tak Yu, et al. "Retrospective cohort study to investigate the 10-year trajectories of disease patterns in patients with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus on subsequent cardiovascular outcomes and health service utilisation: a study protocol." BMJ Open 11, no. 2 (2021): e038775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038775.
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IntroductionHypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) and are major disease burdens in all healthcare systems. Given their high impact on morbidity, premature death and direct medical costs, we need to optimise effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of primary care for patients with HT/DM. This study aims to find out the association of trajectories in disease patterns and treatment of patients with HT/DM including multimorbidity and continuity of care with disease outcomes and service utilisation over 10 years in order to identify better approaches to delivering primary care services.Methods and analysisA 10-year retrospective cohort study on a population-based primary care cohort of Chinese patients with documented doctor-diagnosed HT and/or DM, managed in the Hong Kong Hospital Authority (HA) public primary care clinics from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2019. Data will be extracted from the HA Clinical Management System to identify trajectory patterns of patients with HT/DM. Complications defined by ICPC-2/International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes, all-cause mortality rates and public service utilisation rates are included as independent variables. Changes in clinical parameters will be investigated using a growth mixture modelling analysis with standard quadratic trajectories. Dependent variables including effects of multimorbidity, measured by (1) disease count and (2) Charlson’s Comorbidity Index, and continuity of care, measured by the Usual Provide Continuity Index, on patient outcomes and health service utilisation will be investigated. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression will be conducted to estimate the effect of multimorbidity and continuity of care after stratification of patients into groups according to respective definitions.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the institutional review board of the University of Hong Kong—the HA Hong Kong West Cluster, reference no: UW 19–329. The study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04302974.
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Preston, Chris M., and Mary Jane Nicholl. "Human Cytomegalovirus Tegument Protein pp71 Directs Long-Term Gene Expression from Quiescent Herpes Simplex Virus Genomes." Journal of Virology 79, no. 1 (2005): 525–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.1.525-535.2005.
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ABSTRACT The human cytomegalovirus tegument protein pp71 is important for transactivation of immediate-early (IE) gene expression and for the efficient initiation of virus replication. We have analyzed the properties of pp71 by assaying its effects on gene expression from the genome of in1312, a herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) mutant devoid of functional VP16, ICP0, and ICP4. Upon infection of human fibroblasts, in1312-derived viruses are repressed and retained in a quiescent state, but the presence of pp71 prevented the quiescent state from being attained. Reporter gene cassettes cloned into the in1312 genome, in addition to the endogenous IE promoters, remained active for at least 12 days postinfection, and infected cells were viable and morphologically normal. Cells expressing pp71 remained responsive to the HSV-1 transactivating factors VP16 and ICP4 and to trichostatin A. The C-terminal 61 amino acids, but not the LACSD motif, were required for pp71 activity. In addition to preventing attainment of quiescence, pp71 was able to disrupt the quiescent state of in1312 derivatives and promote the resumption of viral gene expression after a lag of approximately 3 days. The results extend the functional analysis of pp71 and suggest a degree of similarity with the HSV-1 IE protein ICP0. The ability to provoke slow reactivation of quiescent genomes, in conjunction with cell survival, represents a novel property for a viral structural protein.
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Turnock, Allison, Simon Morgan, Kim Henderson, et al. "Prevalence and associations of general practice nurses’ involvement in consultations of general practitioner registrars: a cross-sectional analysis." Australian Health Review 40, no. 1 (2016): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15010.
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Objective To establish prevalence and associations of general practice nurses’ (GPNs) involvement in general practitioner (GP) registrars’ consultations. Methods A cross-sectional analysis from an ongoing cohort study of registrars’ clinical consultations in five Australian states. Registrars recorded detailed data from 60 consecutive consultations per 6-month training term. Problems and diagnoses encountered, including chronic disease classification, were coded using the International Classification of Primary Care, second edition duplication system (ICPC-2plus) classification system. The outcome factor in our analysis was GPN involvement in management of individual problems and diagnoses. Independent variables were a range of patient, registrar, practice, consultation and educational factors. Results We analysed 108759 consultations of 856 registrars including 169307 problems or diagnoses. Of the problems/diagnoses, 5.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.0–5.2) involved a GPN. Follow-up with a GPN was organised for 1.5% (95% CI 1.4–1.5) of all problems/diagnoses. Significant associations of GPN involvement included patient age, male sex, Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander status, non-English-speaking background (NESB) and the patient being new to the practice. Larger practice size, the particular training organisation, and the problem/diagnosis being new and not a chronic disease were other associations. Conclusions Associations with Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander status and NESB status suggest GPNs are addressing healthcare needs of these under-serviced groups. But GPNs may be underutilised in chronic disease care. What is known about this topic? GPNs are increasingly involved in team-based care in Australian general practice. The potential positive contribution of GPNs to general practice teams is acknowledged, but the role of the GPN is still being refined. What does this paper add? GPNs contribute to the care of a modest proportion of patients seen by GP registrars. Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander status and NESB of patients are positively associated with being seen by a GPN; chronic disease is negatively associated with being seen by a GPN. There is geographic variability in prevalence of GPN consultations, not explained by other factors. What are the implications for practitioners? Given the match of GPN skills and attributes to the needs of patients with chronic diseases, GPNs currently may be underutilised in chronic disease care in Australian general practice. The marked geographic variation in uptake of GPNs also suggests scope for greater utilisation of GPNs Australia-wide.
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Jooji, Innocent, Margaret Oyekan, Zekeri Momoh, and Samuel Onuh. "The Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), Tax Compliance and the Fight Against Corruption in Nigeria." International Journal of Professional Business Review 8, no. 9 (2023): e03359. http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i9.3359.
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Purpose: The study seeks to investigate has the FIRS done to improve tax compliance and understand the effects of FIRS reforms had on tax compliance and the fight against corruption in Nigeria's tax system. Theoretical Framework: This study is situated within the context of Institutional Theory. The Federal Inland Revenue Service is a government institution saddled with the responsibility of collecting government internally generated revenue in Nigeria. Design/Methodology/Approach: The design of the study is descriptive and historical research design. Data for this study were collected from secondary sources like textbooks, journal articles and internet sources while content analysis was used to analyse the data collected. Findings: The findings of this study shows that FIRS has ratified a number of international agreements, including the Global Forum on Transparency and agreements to prevent double taxation. Additionally, it has established Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS), Exchange of Information, and started the tax amnesty. The FIRS has inter-agency relationships with governmental organisations including the EFCC and ICPC, among others. In addition, the FIRS's efforts have resulted in a surge in annual tax payments; in 2018, it collected N5,320 trillion, the most in its history since the FIRS was founded. Additionally, the FIRS noted a decline in the cost of revenue collection from 2.6% in 2016 to 2.49% in 2017 and 2.14% in 2018. Conclusion: Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) should expand its campaign to rural areas where there is little to no tax education in order to increase its enlightenment mechanisms on tax compliance. This can be done by having the FIRS educate traditional leaders on tax compliance, who will then inform the populace.
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Lin, Yongyuan. "Analysis of ICBC." BCP Business & Management 38 (March 2, 2023): 2938–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v38i.4214.
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With the development of recent years, China's industry of banking already entered the development level of stable operation, in China's unprecedented changes in a century, the "change" of the banking industry is particularly critical. Based on the company's business strategy, combined with the financial analysis method, SWOT analysis method to comprehensively evaluate the advantages, risks, and business conditions of ICBC, hoping to have a certain practical significance for the future strategic trend of ICBC, and the development of China's banking industry.
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Giordani, Nicole V., Donna M. Neumann, Dacia L. Kwiatkowski, et al. "During Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection of Rabbits, the Ability To Express the Latency-Associated Transcript Increases Latent-Phase Transcription of Lytic Genes." Journal of Virology 82, no. 12 (2008): 6056–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02661-07.
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ABSTRACT Trigeminal ganglia (TG) from rabbits latently infected with either wild-type herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or the latency-associated transcript (LAT) promoter deletion mutant 17ΔPst were assessed for their viral chromatin profile and transcript abundance. The wild-type 17syn+ genomes were more enriched in the transcriptionally permissive mark dimethyl H3 K4 than were the 17ΔPst genomes at the 5′ exon and ICP0 and ICP27 promoters. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed significantly more ICP4, tk, and glycoprotein C lytic transcripts in 17syn+ than in 17ΔPst. These results suggest that, for efficient reactivation from latency in rabbits, the LAT is important for increased transcription of lytic genes during latency.
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Ponzel, Nataliia, Pavlo Kolesnyk, Daniela Petovka, Yurii Bretsko, Oleksandra Kolesnyk, and Vladyslav Lazaryk. "Analysis of Reasons for Referral and Coverage of Breast Cancer Screening of Women Who are Internally Displaced Persons: Data and Perspectives." Family medicine. European practices, no. 4 (December 29, 2022): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2786-720x.4.2022.274643.
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Millions of Ukrainian citizens were forced to leave their homes after the Russian invasion in Ukraine. Today the activation of social, humanitarian and medical problems is determined in Ukraine. A lot of internally displaced persons (IDPs) moved to the western regions, in particular, in Transcarpathia. Thousands of patients lost their family doctors and lost the permanent medical care. The main reasons for the doctor’s consultations are the treatment and primary care of the existing diseases. Screening and the early detection of cancer is not a priority and are ignored by the patients often. However, breast cancer (BC) remains the most common disease among female population in the country. In women 18–24 years old BC is in the third place in the disease structure (10.8%), in persons 30–74 years old its rate is 27.6–20.6 %. The objective: to perform the statistical analysis of the reasons for the referral to the doctor of the IDPs and to evaluate the frequency of the referrals for BC screening. Materials and methods. 2500 visits of IDPs to the doctors were registered in the clinic “InterFamily” (Uzhhorod). The reasons for the visits, diagnosis, medical management were coded with cods from the table “ICPC-2” in Excel program on the basis of which the research was conducted. Results. 657 women who are IDPs visited the doctor, 29.8% of them were 18–39 years old, 65% – 40–74 years old, 5.2% – over 75 years old. The patients were from all the regions of Ukraine that were affected by war direct invasion. The largest number of patients were from Donetsk, Luhansk regions, as well from Kharkiv, Zaporizhzhia and Kyiv regions. The most often reasons for the doctor’s visits were recorded respiratory diseases (23.8%), cardiovascular diseases (22.0%), diseases of the musculoskeletal system (9.5%), skin pathology, digestive organs and endocrine diseases (6.7%, 6.9% and 6.1%, respectively). Only 4.5% of all women 40–74 years old who were IDPs visited the volunteer clinic for BC screening, 0.5% of women 40–74 years old who were consulted for medical care not connected with female reproductive organs, or who visited clinic for prevention care, were referral for BC screening by a family doctor. Conclusions. BC screening had only 4.5% of women that indicate the low level of doctor’s concern and, probably, insufficient knowledge of women for diagnosis of this disease. A research project to study the motivation for BC screening of patients who are IDPs and the family doctors is proposed.
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Glauser, Daniel L., Regina Strasser, Andrea S. Laimbacher, et al. "Live Covisualization of Competing Adeno-Associated Virus and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 DNA Replication: Molecular Mechanisms of Interaction." Journal of Virology 81, no. 9 (2007): 4732–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02476-06.
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ABSTRACT We performed live cell visualization assays to directly assess the interaction between competing adeno-associated virus (AAV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA replication. Our studies reveal the formation of separate AAV and HSV-1 replication compartments and the inhibition of HSV-1 replication compartment formation in the presence of AAV. AAV Rep is recruited into AAV replication compartments but not into those of HSV-1, while the single-stranded DNA-binding protein HSV-1 ICP8 is recruited into both AAV and HSV-1 replication compartments, although with differential staining patterns. Slot blot analysis of coinfected cells revealed a dose-dependent inhibition of HSV-1 DNA replication by wild-type AAV but not by rep-negative recombinant AAV. Consistent with this, Western blot analysis indicated that wild-type AAV affects the levels of the HSV-1 immediate-early protein ICP4 and the early protein ICP8 only modestly but strongly inhibits the accumulation of the late proteins VP16 and gC. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the presence of Rep in the absence of AAV DNA replication is sufficient for the inhibition of HSV-1. In particular, Rep68/78 proteins severely inhibit the formation of mature HSV-1 replication compartments and lead to the accumulation of ICP8 at sites of cellular DNA synthesis, a phenomenon previously observed in the presence of viral polymerase inhibitors. Taken together, our results suggest that AAV and HSV-1 replicate in separate compartments and that AAV Rep inhibits HSV-1 at the level of DNA replication.
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Mador, Nurith, Daniel Goldenberg, Oren Cohen, Amos Panet, and Israel Steiner. "Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latency-Associated Transcripts Suppress Viral Replication and Reduce Immediate-Early Gene mRNA Levels in a Neuronal Cell Line." Journal of Virology 72, no. 6 (1998): 5067–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.6.5067-5075.1998.
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ABSTRACT During herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latent infection in human dorsal root ganglia, limited viral transcription, which has been linked to HSV-1 reactivation ability, takes place. To study the involvement of this transcription in HSV-1 replication in neuronal cells and consequently in viral latency, we constructed stably transfected neuronal cell lines containing (i) the entire HSV-1 latency transcriptionally active DNA fragment, (ii) the same DNA sequence with deletions of the latency-associated transcript (LAT) promoters, or (iii) the DNA coding sequence of the LAT domain. Replication of HSV-1 or a LAT-negative mutant was markedly repressed in the LAT-expressing cells, a phenomenon mediated by the LATs. To study the mechanism responsible for this effect, we examined LAT influence upon expression of HSV-1 immediate-early (IE) genes ICP0, ICP4, and ICP27, by Northern blot analysis. Following infection of a LAT-expressing neuronal cell line with a LAT-negative mutant, the steady-state levels of all three IE mRNAs were reduced compared to those for control cells. Transient transfections into a neuronal cell line indicated that the LAT suppressive effect upon ICP0 mRNA was mediated directly and was not due to the LAT effect upon the ICP0 promoter. We therefore propose that the LATs may repress viral replication in neuronal cells by reducing IE gene mRNA levels and thus facilitate the establishment of HSV-1 latency in nervous tissue.
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Nyewusira, Vincent, and Kenneth Nweke. "Anti-Corruption Crusade in Nigeria: An Assessment of the Disposition of the National Assembly (1999-2013)." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 4-1 (2017): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjss-2018-0090.
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Abstract Corruption has inadvertently been elevated to a state or national policy with all the symptoms of a hemorrhaging system. While any aggressive and purposeful anti-corruption crusade will always generate popular support and acclaim in Nigeria, it is sure to provoke anger, frustration and resistance among the political class with vested interest in the status quo. Periodically, the National Assembly, whose members largely belong to the latter group, is one of the institutions vested with the constitutional responsibility of preventing and exposing corruption, inefficiency and waste in the management of public funds within its legislative competence. This is specifically stipulated in section 88 (2) (b) of the 1999 Constitution (as amended). The study adopts the institutional approach to interrogate the efforts, capacity and political will of the National Assembly to function as the watchdog of public funds via legislations, inquiries or investigations, oversights, appropriations and resolutions. Our treatise includes a general survey and analysis of the Acts passed by the National Assembly establishing anti-corruption agencies such as the Independent Corrupt Practices and other related offences Commission (ICPC) and the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC). We shall also do an exposition of some highprofile investigations conducted by the National Assembly over some federal government agencies pursuant to sections 88 and 89 of the constitution. Unfortunately, controversies and revelations arising from these exercises gravitated, in some cases, to narratives of sleaze in the National Assembly. It is also argued that the opaque and jumbo salaries and allowances associated with members of the National legislature significantly detract from any anti-corruption posturing of that institution. We conclude that mere sloganeering and platitudes on the powers of the National Assembly in combating corruption will yield little or no results until operators of the legislative arm of government at the national level understand and perform their critical role as the ‘soul and conscience of good governance’.
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Ponzel, Nataliia, Pavlo Kolesnyk, Daniela Petovka, Yurii Bretsko, Oleksandra Kolesnyk, and Vladyslav Lazaryk. "Analysis of Reasons for Referral and Coverage of Breast Cancer Screening of Women Who are Internally Displaced Persons: Data and Perspectives." Family Medicine. European Practices, no. 4 (December 29, 2022): 24–28. https://doi.org/10.30841/2786-720X.4.2022.274643.
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Millions of Ukrainian citizens were forced to leave their homes after the Russian invasion in Ukraine. Today the activation of social, humanitarian and medical problems is determined in Ukraine. A lot of internally displaced persons (IDPs) moved to the western regions, in particular, in Transcarpathia. Thousands of patients lost their family doctors and lost the permanent medical care. The main reasons for the doctor’s consultations are the treatment and primary care of the existing diseases. Screening and the early detection of cancer is not a priority and are ignored by the patients often. However, breast cancer (BC) remains the most common disease among female population in the country. In women 18–24 years old BC is in the third place in the disease structure (10.8%), in persons 30–74 years old its rate is 27.6–20.6 %. <strong>The objective:</strong> to perform the statistical analysis of the reasons for the referral to the doctor of the IDPs and to evaluate the frequency of the referrals for BC screening. <strong>Materials and methods.</strong> 2500 visits of IDPs to the doctors were registered in the clinic “InterFamily” (Uzhhorod). The reasons for the visits, diagnosis, medical management were coded with cods from the table “ICPC-2” in Excel program on the basis of which the research was conducted. <strong>Results.</strong> 657 women who are IDPs visited the doctor, 29.8% of them were 18–39 years old, 65% – 40–74 years old, 5.2% – over 75 years old. The patients were from all the regions of Ukraine that were affected by war direct invasion. The largest number of patients were from Donetsk, Luhansk regions, as well from Kharkiv, Zaporizhzhia and Kyiv regions. The most often reasons for the doctor’s visits were recorded respiratory diseases (23.8%), cardiovascular diseases (22.0%), diseases of the musculoskeletal system (9.5%), skin pathology, digestive organs and endocrine diseases (6.7%, 6.9% and 6.1%, respectively). Only 4.5% of all women 40–74 years old who were IDPs visited the volunteer clinic for BC screening, 0.5% of women 40–74 years old who were consulted for medical care not connected with female reproductive organs, or who visited clinic for prevention care, were referral for BC screening by a family doctor. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> BC screening had only 4.5% of women that indicate the low level of doctor’s concern and, probably, insufficient knowledge of women for diagnosis of this disease. A research project to study the motivation for BC screening of patients who are IDPs and the family doctors is proposed.
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Li, Lihong, Zhuoran Li, Erlin Wang, et al. "Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection of Tree Shrews Differs from That of Mice in the Severity of Acute Infection and Viral Transcription in the Peripheral Nervous System." Journal of Virology 90, no. 2 (2015): 790–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02258-15.
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ABSTRACTStudies of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections of humans are limited by the use of rodent models such as mice, rabbits, and guinea pigs. Tree shrews (Tupaiabelangerichinensis) are small mammals indigenous to southwest Asia. At behavioral, anatomical, genomic, and evolutionary levels, tree shrews are much closer to primates than rodents are, and tree shrews are susceptible to HSV infection. Thus, we have studied herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection in the tree shrew trigeminal ganglion (TG) following ocular inoculation.In situhybridization, PCR, and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses confirm that HSV-1 latently infects neurons of the TG. When explant cocultivation of trigeminal ganglia was performed, the virus was recovered after 5 days of cocultivation with high efficiency. Swabbing the corneas of latently infected tree shrews revealed that tree shrews shed virus spontaneously at low frequencies. However, tree shrews differ significantly from mice in the expression of key HSV-1 genes, including ICP0, ICP4, and latency-associated transcript (LAT). In acutely infected tree shrew TGs, no level of ICP4 was observed, suggesting the absence of infection or a very weak, acute infection compared to that of the mouse. Immunofluorescence staining with ICP4 monoclonal antibody, and immunohistochemistry detection by HSV-1 polyclonal antibodies, showed a lack of viral proteins in tree shrew TGs during both acute and latent phases of infection. Cultivation of supernatant from homogenized, acutely infected TGs with RS1 cells also exhibited an absence of infectious HSV-1 from tree shrew TGs. We conclude that the tree shrew has an undetectable, or a much weaker, acute infection in the TGs. Interestingly, compared to mice, tree shrew TGs express high levels of ICP0 transcript in addition to LAT during latency. However, the ICP0 transcript remained nuclear, and no ICP0 protein could be seen during the course of mouse and tree shrew TG infections. Taken together, these observations suggest that the tree shrew TG infection differs significantly from the existing rodent models.IMPORTANCEHerpes simplex viruses (HSVs) establish lifelong infection in more than 80% of the human population, and their reactivation leads to oral and genital herpes. Currently, rodent models are the preferred models for latency studies. Rodents are distant from primates and may not fully represent human latency. The tree shrew is a small mammal, a prosimian primate, indigenous to southwest Asia. In an attempt to further develop the tree shrew as a useful model to study herpesvirus infection, we studied the establishment of latency and reactivation of HSV-1 in tree shrews following ocular inoculation. We found that the latent virus, which resides in the sensory neurons of the trigeminal ganglion, could be stress reactivated to produce infectious virus, following explant cocultivation and that spontaneous reactivation could be detected by cell culture of tears. Interestingly, the tree shrew model is quite different from the mouse model of HSV infection, in that the virus exhibited only a mild acute infection following inoculation with no detectable infectious virus from the sensory neurons. The mild infection may be more similar to human infection in that the sensory neurons continue to function after herpes reactivation and the affected skin tissue does not lose sensation. Our findings suggest that the tree shrew is a viable model to study HSV latency.
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Hargett, Danna, Tim McLean, and Steven L. Bachenheimer. "Herpes Simplex Virus ICP27 Activation of Stress Kinases JNK and p38." Journal of Virology 79, no. 13 (2005): 8348–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.13.8348-8360.2005.
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ABSTRACT We previously reported that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) can activate the stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) p38 and JNK. In the present study, we undertook a comprehensive and comparative analysis of the requirements for viral protein synthesis in the activation of JNK and p38. Infection with the UL36 mutant tsB7 or with UV-irradiated virus indicated that both JNK and p38 activation required viral gene expression. Cycloheximide reversal or phosphonoacetic acid treatment of wild-type virus-infected cells as well as infection with the ICP4 mutant vi13 indicated that only the immediate-early class of viral proteins were required for SAPK activation. Infection with ICP4, ICP27, or ICP0 mutant viruses indicated that only ICP27 was necessary. Additionally, we determined that in the context of virus infection ICP27 was sufficient for SAPK activation and activation of the p38 targets Mnk1 and MK2 by infecting with mutants deleted for various combinations of immediate-early proteins. Specifically, the d100 (0−/4−) and d103 (4−/22−/47−) mutants activated p38 and JNK, while the d106 (4−/22−/27−/47−) and d107 (4−/27−) mutants did not. Finally, infections with a series of ICP27 mutants demonstrated that the functional domain of ICP27 required for activation was located in the region encompassing amino acids 20 to 65 near the N terminus of the protein and that the C-terminal transactivation activity of ICP27 was not necessary.
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Cho, Hanbyul, Noshad Hosseini, Yi Hsiao, et al. "Abstract 5013: The interplay of genomic aberrations, transcriptional states, and therapeutic responses in lung cancer." Cancer Research 85, no. 8_Supplement_1 (2025): 5013. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-5013.
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Lung cancer leads cancer-related deaths worldwide, with 2024 estimates of 234,580 new cases in the United States. This study explores the roles of tumor driver aberrations, epithelial transcriptional states, and microenvironment composition in lung cancer outcomes using proteogenomic data from 965 patients across the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) and International Cancer Proteogenome Consortium (ICPC). We examined oncogenic alterations, epithelial and stromal cell type enrichment distributions, transcriptional modules activities, and drug sensitivities in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), squamous carcinoma (LUSC) and adenocarcinoma with no conventional drivers (NCD-LUAD).LUAD tumors displayed mutual exclusivity in RAS/Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) pathway aberrations, complemented by significant patterns of co-occurrence and exclusivity in tumor suppressor genes like TP53, STK11, RBM10, and CDKN2A. Our integrative analysis used gene expression from single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA) derived cell types reference and CPTAC bulk RNA/proteomic data for correlation-based estimation of epithelial/stromal cell type enrichment. We assembled scRNA references from 3 different studies that profiled normal tissues containing, 142 cell types from 38 tissue types, 20 stromal cell types from 11 tissues, and lastly exclusive lung cell types reference respectively. We found significant enrichment of AT2 and Club cells in LUAD tumors (p-value &lt; 0.0001), in addition heterogeneity in epithelial cell type enrichment within each driver group. Patients enriched for AT2 and AT1 cells demonstrated better survival outcomes (p-value &lt; 0.0001) while, secretory Goblet and Basal cells enrichment was associated with poor survival (p-value &lt; 0.0001), underscoring the potential link between tumor transcriptional / differentiation states and prognostic implications. NCD-LUAD showed similar epithelial cell type enrichment patterns like LUADs with known drivers while LUSC tumors show predominant basal cell enrichment. Importantly we saw specific transcriptional modules (up: E2F1,MYBL2, down: NKX2-1, NFE2L2) and cell type enrichment differences in genome unstable (high copy number burden) tumors associated with poor survival. Finally, enrichment of a myofibroblast subtype associated with survival and immune infiltration status, warrants further investigation. Cell line drug sensitivity analysis showed that the RTK-altered group with poor response to targeted therapy was enriched with undetermined differentiation transcriptional status compared to more defined cell type enrichments in the good response group (p-value = 0.016). Our study underscores the importance of multi-dimensional integrative analysis approaches of molecular, cellular, and pharmacological data to understand and advance lung cancer biology, potential cell of origin, and therapeutic strategies. Citation Format: Hanbyul Cho, Noshad Hosseini, Yi Hsiao, Rahul Mannan, Chandan Kumar-Sinha, Yuping Zhang, Gabriel Cruz, Yamei Deng, Taiwan Cancer Moonshot Program and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium, Natalie Clark, Shankha Satpathy, Gilbert S. Omenn, Yu-Ju Chen, Michael Gillette, Marcin Cieslik, Saravana Dhanasekaran, Alexey I. Nesvizhskii, Arul M. Chinnaiyan. The interplay of genomic aberrations, transcriptional states, and therapeutic responses in lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2025; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2025 Apr 25-30; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2025;85(8_Suppl_1):Abstract nr 5013.
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Afrogha Nelson. "Forensic Accounting Practice and Fraud Management in Nigeria Public Sector Entities." Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 10, no. 48s (2025): 1239–55. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i48s.9754.
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Fraud and financial crimes remain persistent challenges undermining the effectiveness and credibility of Nigeria’s public sector institutions. Despite the adoption of conventional auditing and internal control mechanisms, the frequency and scale of financial mismanagement indicate that traditional approaches are insufficient to address the growing sophistication of fraud. This study investigates the impact of forensic accounting practices on fraud management in Nigerian public sector entities. Specifically, it explores the role of forensic tools internal control systems, investigative accounting, litigation support, and computer forensics in fraud detection, prevention, and deterrence. The goal is to evaluate whether forensic accounting contributes meaningfully to reducing fraud and enhancing financial accountability within public institutions. The study adopts a quantitative research design using a structured survey administered to a purposively selected sample of professionals across key public institutions, including the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), Independent Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC), Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), and the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU). Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, including correlation and multiple regression analysis, were employed to examine the relationship between forensic accounting practices and fraud management outcomes. Findings from the analysis indicate a statistically significant and positive relationship between forensic accounting practices and fraud management effectiveness. Investigative accounting showed a strong positive correlation with fraud management (r = 0.71, p < 0.01) and emerged as a significant predictor (β = 0.362, p < 0.01). The overall regression model explained approximately 68% of the variance (R² = 0.68) in fraud management outcomes. Investigative accounting and litigation support had the most substantial impact on fraud detection and prosecution, while computer forensics played a crucial role in uncovering digital financial crimes. Internal control practices, when reinforced with forensic tools, improved accountability and fraud prevention. However, the study also revealed challenges such as limited skilled manpower, inadequate forensic infrastructure, and resistance from entrenched interests, which hamper the full integration of forensic accounting in public sector governance. The results support the argument that forensic accounting offers a more rigorous and legally grounded alternative to conventional audit processes in addressing fraud. The integration of forensic practices within public sector institutions could strengthen transparency, deter unethical behaviour, and improve the recovery of misappropriated funds. Broader implications suggest that adopting forensic accounting could restore public confidence in governance systems and enhance Nigeria’s anti corruption drive. The study recommends targeted policy reforms, investment in forensic accounting training, and the development of standardized frameworks for implementation. Future research should explore comparative international models, assess longitudinal impact, and investigate the integration of advanced technologies like blockchain and AI in public sector fraud management.
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Bohra, Abhishek, Abhishek Rathore, Prasad Gandham, et al. "Genome-wide comparative transcriptome analysis of the A4-CMS line ICPA 2043 and its maintainer ICPB 2043 during the floral bud development of pigeonpea." Functional & Integrative Genomics 21, no. 2 (2021): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10142-021-00775-y.
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Nie, Lin, Xing Lan Zhang, and Rong Nie. "Movement Analysis of Micro-Robot’s Fin Actuated by ICPF." Applied Mechanics and Materials 152-154 (January 2012): 1460–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.152-154.1460.
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ICPF (Ionic Conducting Polymer Film) is a kind of smart film and has the characteristics of flexibility, good response and being driven by a low voltage. In order to illuminate the deformation dynamics of ICPF, the curvature of a thin strip ICPF under stepwise application of electric field is formulated according to Flory’s gel swell theory. The interplay mechanism of the deformation of gel, permeation of water and the transport of ions is described. A novel fish-like flexible micro-robot whose fin is actuated by ICPF is presented. According to the Pseudo-Rigid-Body-Dynamic-Model (PRBDM) the frequency analysis of the micro-robot is investigated, and then, the relation between the structure parameters and the natural frequency of the fin is theoretically derived and some analysis and experiment graphs about the fin’s angle displacement and angle velocity are performed.
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Nie, Lin, Xing Lan Zhang, and Rong Nie. "Analysis on Dynamics Characteristics of ICPF for Micro-Robot." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 1448–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1448.
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ICPF (Ionic Conducting Polymer Film) is a kind of smart film and has the characteristics of flexibility, good response and being driven by a low voltage. In order to illuminate the deformation dynamics of ICPF, the curvature of a thin strip ICPF under stepwise application of electric field is formulated according to Flory’s gel swell theory. The interplay mechanism of the deformation of gel, permeation of water and the transport of ions is described. A novel fish-like flexible micro-robot whose tail is actuated by ICPF is presented. According to the Pseudo-Rigid-Body-Dynamic-Model (PRBDM) the frequency analysis of the micro-robot is investigated, and then, the relation between the structure parameters and the natural frequency of the tail is theoretically derived and some analysis and experiment graphs about the angle displacement of the tail are performed.
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Vaios, Eugene, Rachel Shenker, Peter Hendrickson, et al. "RADT-15. INTRACRANIAL OUTCOMES OF DUAL IMMUNE-CHECKPOINT INHIBITION AND SRS COMBINATION IN PATIENTS WITH MELANOMA AND NSCLC BRAIN METASTASES." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_5 (2023): v51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad179.0204.
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Abstract INTRODUCTION The intracranial benefit of offering dual immune checkpoint inhibition (D-ICPI) with ipilimumab and nivolumab to melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving SRS for brain metastases is unknown. We hypothesized that D-ICPI improves local control compared to SRS alone. METHODS Melanoma and NSCLC patients treated with SRS between 2016-2022 were evaluated. Patients were stratified by treatment with D-ICPI, single ICPI (S-ICPI), or SRS alone. Local recurrence (LR), intracranial progression (IP), and overall survival (OS) were estimated using competing risk and Kaplan-Meier analyses. IP included both local and distant intracranial recurrence. RESULTS 288 patients (44% melanoma, 56% NSCLC) with 1,704 brain metastases were included. 53% of patients had symptomatic metastases. Median follow up was 58.8 months. Patients were treated with D-ICPI (28%), S-ICPI (45%), or SRS alone (27%). 12-month local control rates with D-ICPI, S-ICPI, and SRS alone were 94.73% (95%CI:91.11-96.90%), 91.72% (89.29-93.64%), and 88.22% (84.06-91.41%). Only D-ICPI was significantly associated with reduced LR (p = 0.0032). 173 patients (60%) developed IP. The 12-month cumulative incidence of IP was 41.27% (95%CI:30.27-51.92%), 51.86% (42.78-60.19%), and 57.15% (44.98-67.59%) following D-ICPI, S-ICPI, and SRS alone. On competing risk analysis, only D-ICPI was significantly associated with reduced IP (p = 0.0408). On multivariate Cox regression, D-ICPI (HR:0.595,95%CI:0.373-0.951,p = 0.0300) and presentation with &gt;10 BMs (2.492,1.68-3.725,p &lt; .0001) remained significantly correlated with IP. Median OS following D-ICPI, S-ICPI, and SRS alone was 26.1 (95%CI:15.5-40.7), 21.5 (16.5-29.6) and 17.5 (11.3-23.8) months. Only D-ICPI trended toward improved OS (p = 0.0772). S-ICPI, fractionation, and timing of immunotherapy were not predictive of clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The addition of D-ICPI for melanoma and NSCLC patients undergoing SRS is associated with improved local and intracranial control. This appears to be an effective strategy, including for symptomatic brain metastasis patients, regardless of fractionation or immunotherapy timing. Toxicity with this combination should be evaluated and balanced against clinical benefits.
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Uprichard, Susan L., and David M. Knipe. "Conformational Changes in the Herpes Simplex Virus ICP8 DNA-Binding Protein Coincident with Assembly in Viral Replication Structures." Journal of Virology 77, no. 13 (2003): 7467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.13.7467-7476.2003.
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ABSTRACT The herpes simplex virus (HSV) single-stranded DNA-binding protein, ICP8, is required for viral DNA synthesis. Before viral DNA replication, ICP8 colocalizes with other replication proteins at small punctate foci called prereplicative sites. With the onset of viral genome amplification, these proteins become redistributed into large globular replication compartments. Here we present the results of immunocytochemical and biochemical analysis of ICP8 showing that various antibodies recognize distinct forms of ICP8. Using these ICP8-specific antibodies as probes for ICP8 structure, we detected a time-dependent appearance and disappearance of ICP8 epitopes in immunoprecipitation assays. Immunofluorescence staining of ICP8 in cells infected with different HSV mutant viruses as well as cells transfected with a limited number of viral genes demonstrated that these and other antigenic changes occur coincident with ICP8 assembly at intranuclear replication structures. Genetic analysis has revealed a correlation between the ability of various ICP8 mutant proteins to form the 39S epitope and their ability to bind to DNA. These results support the hypothesis that ICP8 undergoes a conformational change upon binding to other HSV proteins and/or to DNA coincident with assembly into viral DNA replication structures.
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1, Prattana Kaewpet, and Hellgardt Klaus. "Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis of a Liquid Tin Anode Fuel Cell in Voltage Recovery Mode." Advanced Energy: An International Journal (AEIJ) 3, no. 2/3 (2022): 13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7492172.
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A concept of a liquid tin anode-indirect carbon air fuel cell (LTA-ICFC) are described. Experimental setups for analysis of LTA-ICFC polarisations of an operational electrochemical reactor of the LTA-ICFC are presented. Results from Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Analysis of the electrochemical reactor of the LTA-ICFC are shown and analysed.The rate-determining step of the system is concluded. The charge-transfer resistance did not show considerable differences at 700-800 °C. This can be implied that the charge-transfer resistance is not the rate-limiting step of the transport processes of the fuel cell. The increase of the Warburg impedance concurrently with the resistance to fit mass-transport loss (R3) suggests that the rate-limiting step for the LTA-ICFC in voltage recovery mode is the diffusion of the oxide ions through SnO2 layer. The increment of mass transport lost, R3, of the cell causes the slowly increase of the cell’s voltage over the voltage from 0.7-0.8 V at 700, 750, and 800 °C.