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Wang, Nai-Ching. "Supporting Historical Research and Education with Crowdsourced Analysis of Primary Sources." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87437.
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Historians, like many types of scholars, are often researchers and educators, and both roles involve significant interaction with primary sources. Primary sources are not only direct evidence for historical arguments but also important materials for teaching historical thinking skills to students in classrooms, and engaging the broader public. However, finding high quality primary sources that are relevant to a historian's specialized topics of interest remains a significant challenge.
Automated approaches to text analysis struggle to provide relevant results for these "long tail" searches with long semantic distances from the source material. Consequently, historians are often frustrated at spending so much time on manually the relevance of the contents of these archives other than writing and analysis. To overcome these challenges, my dissertation explores the use of crowdsourcing to support historians in analysis of primary sources. In four studies, I first proposed a class-sourcing model where historians outsource historical analysis to students as a teaching method and students learn historical thinking and gain authentic research experience while doing these analysis tasks.
Incite, a realization of this model, deployed in 15 classrooms with positive feedback. Second, I expanded the class-sourcing model to a broader audience, novice (paid) crowds and developedthe Read-agree-predict (RAP) technique to accurately evaluate relevance between primary sources and research topics. Third, I presented a set of design principles for crowdsourcing complex historical documents via the American Soldier project on Zooniverse. Finally, I developed CrowdSCIM to help crowds learn historical thinking and evaluated the tradeoffs
between quality, learning and efficiency. The outcomes of the studies provide systems, techniques and design guidelines to 1) support historians in their research and teaching practices, 2) help crowd workers learn historical thinking and 3) suggest implications for the design of future crowdsourcing systems.<br>Ph. D.<br>Historians, like many types of scholars, are often researchers and educators, and both roles involve significant interaction with primary sources. Primary sources are not only direct evidence for historical arguments but also important materials for teaching historical thinking skills to students in classrooms, and engaging the broader public. However, finding highquality primary sources that are relevant to a historian’s specialized topics of interest remains a significant challenge. Automated approaches to text analysis struggle to provide relevant results for these “long tail” searches with long semantic distances from the source material. Consequently, historians are often frustrated at spending so much time on manually the relevance of the contents of these archives other than writing and analysis. To overcome these challenges, my dissertation explores the use of crowdsourcing to support historians in analysis of primary sources. In four studies, I first proposed a class-sourcing model where historians outsource historical analysis to students as a teaching method and students learn historical thinking and gain authentic research experience while doing these analysis tasks. Incite, a realization of this model, deployed in 15 classrooms with positive feedback. Second, I expanded the class-sourcing model to a broader audience, novice (paid) crowds and developed the Read-agree-predict (RAP) technique to accurately evaluate relevance between primary sources and research topics. Third, I presented a set of design principles for crowdsourcing complex historical documents via the American Soldier project on Zooniverse. Finally, I developed CrowdSCIM to help crowds learn historical thinking and evaluated the tradeoffs between quality, learning and efficiency. The outcomes of the studies provide systems, techniques and design guidelines to 1) support historians in their research and teaching practices, 2) help crowd workers learn historical thinking and 3) suggest implications for the design of future crowdsourcing systems.
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Stuckart, Daniel W. "Secondary students using expert heuristics in the analysis of digitalized historical documents." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000232.
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Thomson, I. "Mozart's opera Die Zauberflote : an analysis of the historical and literary sources of the libretto." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503064.
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This dissertation contains an analysis of the libretto of Mozart's Die Zauberflote. The analysis was contemplated with apprehension, given that so much has already been written about the opera. But the work was prompted by two factors. Firstly, by a longstanding concern that the libretto contains classical, literary, historical and philosophical references which have not been referred to in previous explanations of the opera. There was a sense in which the opera may have been well documented but perhaps not well understood. Secondly, and consequentially, the study was fuelled by the magnitude of the challenge to understand how these unacknowledged references fit together to create what the librettists considered to be their "purpose". This dissertation, then, develops many new analytical themes and throws fresh light on the purpose of the opera and the methods by which it was developed. Many people have helped me in a variety of ways during this study. I am particularly grateful to my Supervisor, David Chadd, Head of the School of Music at the University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, for his constant support and advice, and to my two examiners Professor Julian Rushton at Leeds University and Anthony Gritten at UEA. I am also grateful to Simon Waters at UEA and Ian Biddle (formerly UEA but now at Newcastle University) for their help during an earlier M.Mus. study which unexpectedly led to the research presented here. I am particularly grateful to Edvina Franceschini for her assistance, comments, encouragement and hospitality throughout the period of this study. And I am indebted to Prebendary Michael Moreton, for reading draft text and offering helpful comments on theological and other references, and to Angela Biston for helpfully commenting on several occasions on my draft text. I also wish to acknowledge the help of a number of people on whom I have relied for specific advice on a miscellany of subjects. Their contributions may have been partial, because none were aware of the objectives of my study, but their help was nevertheless important. I am particularly grateful to Anna Plattner and Bettina Kann, Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, Vienna; Frieder Hepp, Director, KurpJiilzisches Museum, Heidelberg; Clare Rider, The Honourable Society of the Inner Temple, London; Diana Weber, Stadtarchive, Heidelberg; Daniel Pailthorpe, Principal Flautist, English National Opera, London; Cesare Poppi, Deputy Director, The Sainsbury Centre, UEA, Norwich: Joe Taylor, Head Ranger, Sports and Parks Division, City of Coventry; Ineke Fijan, the Erasmus University, Rotterdam; Anne Mitchell, Woburn Abbey; Catherine Baron, Assistant Curator ofthe Royal Collection; Bernhard Overbeck, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munich; Claire Leach, Voltaire Foundation; Sylvia Morris, Shakespeare Memorial Library, Stratford-uponAvon; Richard Palmer, Lambeth Palace Library, London; Lynda McLoed, Sotherby's, London; Mr. Ellis, Astrological Association, London; The Astrology Shop, London; Clive Wilkins-Jones, Norfolk and Norwich Millenium Library, Norwich; Ingrid Lamey, Schwetzingen Castle; Lucia Underhill, Kimbolton School; Omar Samy, Al Ahram Newspaper, Cairo; Ingrid Horning, Utrecht; Julian Roberts; and Jean Rafferty. Finally, I am grateful for the unfailing assistance of countless anonymous staff in many libraries and museums. Staff at The British Library, where necessarily most of my research was undertaken, have been exceptionally helpful. But I have also received considerable help from staff at the UEA library; the Bodleian; the House of Lords Record Office; the Egypt Exploration Society; the National Portrait Gallery Heinz Archive; German Historical Institute, London; London University Library; the Wellcome Library; the Victoria and Albert Museum; the Warburg Institute Library; Christie's Images; Coventry City Library; Warwickshire Records Office; the Ashmolean Museum; Centraalmuseum, Utrecht; the National Maritime Museum; the Historische Museum, Berne; the Offentliche Kunstammlung, Basle; the London Park Lane Mosque Library and the Vatican State Library.
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Herold, Hendrik. "An Evolutionary Approach to Adaptive Image Analysis for Retrieving and Long-term Monitoring Historical Land Use from Spatiotemporally Heterogeneous Map Sources." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-199355.
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Land use changes have become a major contributor to the anthropogenic global change. The ongoing dispersion and concentration of the human species, being at their orders unprecedented, have indisputably altered Earth’s surface and atmosphere. The effects are so salient and irreversible that a new geological epoch, following the interglacial Holocene, has been announced: the Anthropocene. While its onset is by some scholars dated back to the Neolithic revolution, it is commonly referred to the late 18th century. The rapid development since the industrial revolution and its implications gave rise to an increasing awareness of the extensive anthropogenic land change and led to an urgent need for sustainable strategies for land use and land management. By preserving of landscape and settlement patterns at discrete points in time, archival geospatial data sources such as remote sensing imagery and historical geotopographic maps, in particular, could give evidence of the dynamic land use change during this crucial period.
In this context, this thesis set out to explore the potentials of retrospective geoinformation for monitoring, communicating, modeling and eventually understanding the complex and gradually evolving processes of land cover and land use change. Currently, large amounts of geospatial data sources such as archival maps are being worldwide made online accessible by libraries and national mapping agencies. Despite their abundance and relevance, the usage of historical land use and land cover information in research is still often hindered by the laborious visual interpretation, limiting the temporal and spatial coverage of studies. Thus, the core of the thesis is dedicated to the computational acquisition of geoinformation from archival map sources by means of digital image analysis. Based on a comprehensive review of literature as well as the data and proposed algorithms, two major challenges for long-term retrospective information acquisition and change detection were identified: first, the diversity of geographical entity representations over space and time, and second, the uncertainty inherent to both the data source itself and its utilization for land change detection.
To address the former challenge, image segmentation is considered a global non-linear optimization problem. The segmentation methods and parameters are adjusted using a metaheuristic, evolutionary approach. For preserving adaptability in high level image analysis, a hybrid model- and data-driven strategy, combining a knowledge-based and a neural net classifier, is recommended. To address the second challenge, a probabilistic object- and field-based change detection approach for modeling the positional, thematic, and temporal uncertainty adherent to both data and processing, is developed. Experimental results indicate the suitability of the methodology in support of land change monitoring. In conclusion, potentials of application and directions for further research are given.
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Horton, Jonathan Mark. "Limits of legislation as a source of law : an historical and comparative analysis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20987.
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We are habituated to an hyperactive legislature and the proliferation of legislation. The legislature hurtles along, causing Anglo-American legal systems to degenerate into massive, and often meaningless, contradictory or trivial blocks of rules and norms, and ones which are beyond the ordinary citizen or corporation to know and fully to meet. Legislation’s demands are ever-increasing: it grows in volume, in ambition, and it seems to recognise no end to its capacity and entitlement to regulate the most detailed, most banal or most technical of affairs. It has lost any means by which to prioritise those matters with which it ought concern itself. The situation has been brought about by conflating an authority which Parliament acquired in the 17th and 18th Centuries with the legislation it produces. I seek to separate the two and show that there is no justification for attributing to legislation such legitimacy and authority as Parliament as an institution acquired historically. But because legislation-making has been based upon this assumption, there is a loss when Parliament legislates hyperactively because there exist normative reasons why Parliament should perhaps not act in such an unrestrained manner, but ones which, partly owing to the underlying assumptions about the authority of legislation, remain unaddressed. For so long as those who would claim for Parliament an entitlement ambitiously to legislate and without restraint fail to confront these considerations, there remains a normative loss when Parliament legislates in the manner they would advocate. I seek to diagnose a presently less than fully justified conferral upon legislation of authority and an accompanying incompleteness in the arguments of those who would seek to justify an activist and ambitious role for Parliament via legislation. This is not to say that there is no justification for Parliament’s current disposition, but that the foundation upon which Parliament’s hyperactivity in legislation has been built is attended with a failure of those who advance such a position to confront and to meet arguments which run counter to that claim.
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Loveridge, Steven. "'Soldiers and Shirkers': An Analysis of the Dominant Ideas of Service and Conscientious Objection in New Zealand During the Great War." The University of Waikato, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2762.
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During the First World War, ideas of duty and sacrifice were a dominant characteristic of public discourse in New Zealand. Specifically, concern centred on a perceived inequality of sacrifice, which saw brave soldiers die on the front lines, whilst other men remained on the home front, apparently avoiding duty. This thesis charts the prevailing and powerful ideas that circulated during wartime New Zealand around these two stereotypes; on the one hand there was the soldier, the ideal of service and duty; on the other, the conscientious objector, a target for the derogatory label of 'shirker'. While there are a few select critical works which examine the experiences of New Zealand World War One conscientious objectors, such We Will Not Cease (1939) and Armageddon or Calvary (1919), there is a near complete absence of studies which examine the home front and ask how conscientious objectors were perceived and consequently judged as they were. It is the contention of this thesis that ideas around the soldier and the 'shirker' were interrelated stereotypes and that both images emerged from the process of mass mobilisation; a highly organised war effort which was largely dependent for its success upon the cooperation of wider civilian society. In sum, the thesis examines and analyses the ideas within mainstream New Zealand society as they appeared in public sources (notably newspapers, cartoons and government publications), and in doing so, tracks how social mores and views towards duty, sacrifice and service were played out at a time of national and international crisis.
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Steigenberger, Gundel. "The Vigani Cabinet - Analysis of historical resinous materials by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-117317.
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Natural resins have been in use for a long time and for manifold purposes resulting in a long and complex terminological history. The investigation of this history has so far been based on the connection between nomenclature and chemical composition. Because resin chemistry and the botanical classification of source plants are connected as well, the investigation of natural resins can be enhanced by adding taxonomy as an additional dimension, providing a more complex and complete picture of resin chemistry and resin use. The Vigani Cabinet, a collection of 300-year-old pharmaceutical and chemical materials owned by Queens’ College, Cambridge (UK), allows doing just that. A wide range of historical literature provides information about contemporary terminology, botanical and geographical origin, manufacture, trade and properties of resinous materials from the 18th century. This contemporary context is a particular feature of the Cabinet, which allows adding a historical dimension to the correlations between terminology, chemical composition and taxonomy. The dissertation thesis presented here provides an investigation of 17 botanical, 80 reference materials and samples from 24 natural resins from the Vigani Cabinet, studying these complex correlations and changes over time. The analytical method employed in this study was gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with and without methylation with trimethylsulfoniumhydroxide. This technique provided detailed molecular compositions of the studied materials. Analysed botanical samples are taken from Pinaceae, Cupressaceae and Pistacia resins, commerical references from Araucariaceae, Copaifera, Fabaceae, Myroxylon and Burseraceae. Additionally, the soluble fraction of Baltic amber was analysed. Materials from the Vigani Cabinet analysed in this work were labelled as "turpentines", "pix burgundica", "sandaracha", "copaiba", "balsamum peruvianum and tolutanum", "mastiche", "anime", "copal", "elemi", "tacamahaca" and "succinum". Historical nomenclature of natural resins has not always been unequivocally associated with a botanical origin. The availability of natural resins changed throughout the centuries. Lack of knowledge, in particular about resins from over-seas, or adulterations resulting from changing harvesting methods, led to changes in trade names or variations in the composition of products traded under the same name. Generic names were used for resins with similar properties but different botanical (and geographical) origin. The thesis shows that a chemotaxonomic reference system is suitable for the identification of unknown resinous materials, and a number of new insights into the nomenclature of natural resins from the 17th and 18th century is obtained. The study of historical literature contributed in a significant way to the historico-cultural and archeometric research of the samples from the Vigani Cabinet and of natural resins in general and provided a basis for the interpretation of the chemical data from the Vigani samples<br>Naturharze werden schon lange für sehr unterschiedliche Zwecke verwendet. Dies hat zu einer oft komplizierten Terminologie geführt, deren Untersuchung sich bisher auf den Zusammenhang zwischen dem Namen des Harzes und seiner chemischer Zusammensetzung stützte. Letztere ist aber auch mit der botanischer Herkunft und damit der Biochemie der Stammpflanze verknüpft, weshalb man chemotaxonomische Aspekte für die systematische Untersuchung von Naturharzen als zusätzliche Variablen nutzen kann. Dadurch erhält man, wie die gezeigt werden soll, ein vollständigeres und komplexeres Bild der Chemie und Nutzung von Naturharzen. Die hier präsentierte Untersuchung beschäftigt sich mit dem Vigani-Kabinett, einer 300 Jahre alten pharmazeutischen Materialiensammlung, die sich im Queens‘ College, Cambridge (UK), befindet. In der Literatur des ausgehenden 17. und des 18. Jahrhunderts finden sich zahlreiche Informationen zu Terminologie, botanischer und geographischer Herkunft, Verarbeitung, Handel und Eigenschaften von Naturharzen. Dadurch wird die historische Dimension des oben beschriebenen Zusammenhangs zwischen Terminologie, chemischer Zusammensetzung und Taxonomie erfahrbar. In der Arbeit werden 17 botanische Proben, 80 moderne Referenzmaterialien und 24 Proben aus dem Vigani-Kabinett im Hinblick auf diese Zusammenhänge und Veränderungen untersucht.Die chemischen Analysen wurden mit gekoppelter Gaschromatografie-Massenspektrometrie mit und ohne Methylierung mit Trimethylsulfoniumhydroxid durchgeführt. Damit konnte die molekulare Zusammensetzung der Proben detailliert untersucht werden. Die untersuchten botanischen Proben stammten von Pinaceae, Cupressaceae und Pistaciaharzen, kommerzielle Referenzen von Araucariaceae, Copaifera, Fabaceae, Myroxylon und Burseraceaeharzen. Zusätzlich wurde noch die lösliche Fraktion von Baltischem Bernstein untersucht. Die untersuchten Proben aus dem Vigani-Kabinett waren sowohl englisch als auch Latein mit "turpentines", "pix burgundica", "sandaracha", "copaiba", "mastiche", "anime", "copal", "elemi", "tacamahaca", "balsamum peruvianum and tolutanum" und "succinum" beschriftet. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die historische Nomenklatur von Naturharzen nicht immer eindeutig mit ihrem botanischen Ursprung verknüpft war. Zusätzlich veränderte sich die Erhältlichkeit der Harze im Laufe der Jahrhunderte. Durch fehlendes Wissen, insbesondere für Materialien und Pflanzen aus Übersee, oder Verfälschungen aufgrund von veränderten Fördermethoden veränderten sich die Handelsnamen dieser Materialien oder die Zusammensetzung von Materialien, die unter demselben Namen gehandelt wurden. Harze mit ähnlichen Eigenschaften aber unterschiedlichen botanischen (und geographischen) Ursprungs trugen generische Namen. Die Arbeit zeigt jedoch, dass ein chemotaxonomisches Bezugssystem die Identifizierung von unbekannten Harzen ermöglicht, und zeigt eine Reihe neuer Erkenntnisse über die Nomenklatur von Naturharzen des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts. Die Untersuchung historischer Quellen trug dabei sehr zur Erhellung des historisch-kulturellen und archeometrischen Hintergrundes und zur Interpretation der chemischen Daten der Vigani-Proben bei
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Johansson, Patrik. "Att tolka spåren från det förflutna : Innebörder, lärande och meningsskapande av historisk källtolkning i gymnasiet." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Centrum för de humanistiska ämnenas didaktik (CeHum), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-107297.
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This licentiate thesis explores the activity of historical reasoning in terms of primary source analysis among upper secondary school students. The thesis is a compilation of two scientific articles in history didactics. Two Learning studies, a theory-informed and interventionistic research methodology, were organised to explore historical reasoning. Three research questions are ad- dressed: (1) what does it mean to be able to analyse historical primary sources, (2) what is critical to discern when learning primary source analysis, and (3) what is characteristic for the processes of learning and meaning- making when students work with source analysis assignments? The first article uses phenomenography to explore fifteen students’ perceptions of a historical primary source and the difficulties they face when examining the source. Data was collected through a series of group interviews where stu- dents were asked to respond to a historical letter. The analysis resulted in four qualitatively different categories of perceptions of the source and three critical aspects that emerged between the categories. It is suggested that it is critical to (1) discern and separate the historical perspective, (2) to discern and separate the perspective of the historical actor and (3) to discern and separate the subtext of the source in relation to the historical context. The second article uses a form of content focused conversation analysis to ex- plore the processes of learning and attributing meaning when students work with primary sources. Data was collected through audio recordings of stu- dents’ collaborative work on two assignments. The main results are descrip- tions of the students’ learning and meaning making processes. For instance, when students discern and separate the historical perspective and historical actors’ perspectives. An interesting finding was a strategy used by students to take on the roles of hypothetical historical agents. It is suggested that cer- tain aspects of school culture might inhibit students’ learning of primary source analysis and that students’ life-world perspective is vital in creating meaning. Finally, historical reasoning is discussed in relation to the concept of historical consciousness and it is argued that historical reasoning should include the perspectives of deconstruction, subjectivity and interpretation to better comply with history teaching.
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Herold, Hendrik [Verfasser], Elmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Csaplovics, Nguyen Xuan [Akademischer Betreuer] Thinh, and Gotthard [Akademischer Betreuer] Meinel. "An Evolutionary Approach to Adaptive Image Analysis for Retrieving and Long-term Monitoring Historical Land Use from Spatiotemporally Heterogeneous Map Sources / Hendrik Herold. Betreuer: Elmar Csaplovics. Gutachter: Elmar Csaplovics ; Nguyen Xuan Thinh ; Gotthard Meinel." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1095395408/34.
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Hoyos, Hattori Paula. "Epistles and Their Use as Documentary Sources in Historia de Japam (1585-1593) by Jesuit Luís Fróis: Comparative Analysis of an Episode." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/121759.
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This paper analyzes two documents from the Jesuit mission to Japan, both written by Luís Fróis (1532-1597). They discuss the same topic: the conversion to Christianity of a young nobleman from Bungo (Kyushu) in 1577. One is an epistle and the other deals with historic issues. The comparison reveals the peculiarities of each genre, in line with the norms of the Society of Jesus. The paper concludes that epistles were considered to strengthen spiritual and identity links, as a result of which they were widely disseminated during the 16th century.<br>Este artículo analiza dos documentos del corpus jesuita sobre la misión japonesa. Ambos son de Luís Fróis (1532-1597) y versan sobre el mismo episodio: la conversión al cristianismo de un joven cortesano de Bungo (Kyushu) en 1577. Una de las fuentes pertenece al género epistolar y la otra, al histórico. La comparación entre ambas revela la especificidad de cada género según las normativas de la Compañía de Jesús. Concluimos que las epístolas cumplían con los objetivos básicos del género histórico y resultaban propicias para afianzar lazos espirituales e identitarios, lo cual legitimó su sistemática publicación durante el siglo XVI.
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Vella, Yosanne. "Supporting young children's learning with primary historical sources." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249418.
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Muller, Felipe, and Federico Bermejo. "The Historical and Lived Sources of Collective Memory." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101565.
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The aim of the present paper is to study the role that lived and historical memories havein the conformation of collective memory through the participant’s appraisals in the recent past of Argentina. These memories operate as sources that nurture collective memory. Lived memories are related to live experiences, while historical memories are related to indirect sources that inform about the past. 60 participants, divided in two groups (above and below 46 years of age) appraised the present and recent past, based on lived and historical memories. Results show that lived or autobiographical and historical memories contribute differently to collective memory.<br>Se estudia el rol que desempeñan los recuerdos vividos e históricos en la memoria colectiva por medio de la valoración del pasado reciente argentino. Estos recuerdos operan como fuentes que nutren a la memoria colectiva. Los recuerdos vividos están vinculados a la experiencia directa, mientras que los recuerdos históricos a las fuentes indirectas que informan sobre el pasado. 60 participantes, divididos en dos grupos (mayores y menores de 46 años), realizaron valoraciones sobre el presente y el pasado reciente, en base a recuerdos vividos y en recuerdos históricos. Los resultados muestran que los recuerdos vividos o autobiográficos tienen una incidencia distinta en las valoraciones que los recuerdos históricos.
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Salvatore, John Pamment. "Roman Republican castrametation : a reappraisal of historical and archaeological sources /." [Oxford] : Tempus reparatum, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36690477s.
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El-Sakkout, Ihab Hamdi. "The Arab tribes from Jāhilīya to Islām : sources and historical trends." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2944.
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This dissertation aims to formulate a view of Arabian tribalism in the pre- Islamic period and its development in Islamic times. The first part assesses the historical usability of the literary source material of the Jahiliya. The focus is on oral historical traditions - the ayyam al- carab. These are found to have remained textually fluid until the time of their recording. This fluidity may have affected style and form but did not substantially affect certain historical elements. The more inter-tribal and less local the account was, the more reliable it is likely to be historically. A sample comparison between tribal hostility and tribal distribution showed that the accounts seem to be highly consistent. The second part of the thesis is concerned firstly with establishing a Jahili profile for two tribal groups; secondly with tracing the affairs of their descendants into the Umayyad period. The tribal groups of Taghlib and Ghatafan were picked for examination. Both were strong cohesive groups in the pre-Islamic period. In Islamic times, Taghlibis lose importance since they opted to remain Christian, thus, Taghlibis are virtually impossible to trace. Ghatafanis did join Islam on a far greater scale and are often mentioned in the Islamic period. After the second civil war Ghatafanis are only ever mentioned as individuals. Close kin continued to cooperate but cooperation above this level was only conducted within the Qaysi faction. The third part discusses changes in the tribal system. A review of the functions of modern tribal genealogies illuminates the process by which genealogies can change in order to reflect changing realities. Early Arabic genealogies are clearly seen to be also naturally dynamic and the subject of deliberate change. New links reflected new realities, particularly the political alliances forged under the Umayyads. A belief in a single progenitor led to a move towards creating genealogical links to one ancestor, while the conditions of the conquests let to a regionalization of tribalism. The professionalization of the Marwanid army enabled cross-regional tribal co-operation which resulted in dividing in two the Umayyad army and Arab genealogies.
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Edwards, Jane Marian. "'Bettered by the borrower' : the use of historical extracts from twelfth-century historical works in three later twelfth- and thirteenth-century historical texts." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7247.
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This thesis takes as its starting point the use of extracts from the works of historical authors who wrote in England in the early to mid twelfth-century. It focuses upon the ways in which their works began to be incorporated into three particular texts in the later twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. Through the medium of individual case studies – De Abbatibus (Abingdon), CCCC 139 (Durham) and The London Collection three elements are explored (i) how mediaeval writers used extracts from the works of others in ways which differed from modern practices with their concerns over charges of plagiarism and unoriginality (ii) how the structural and narrative roles which the use of extracts played within the presentation of these texts (iii) how the application of approaches developed in the twentieth century, which transformed how texts are now analysed, enabled a re-evaluation and re-interpretation of their use of source material with greater sensitivity to their original purposes This analysis casts fresh light upon the how and why these texts were produced and the means by which they fulfilled their purposes and reveals that despite their disparate origins and individual perspectives these three texts share two common features: (i) they follow a common three stage pattern of development (ii) they deal with similar issues: factional insecurities and concerns about the quality of those in power over them – using an historical perspective The analysis also reveals the range of techniques which were at the disposal of the composers of these texts, dispelling any notion that they were either unsophisticated or naïve in their handling of their source materials. Together these texts demonstrate how mediaeval authors used combinations of extracts as a means of responding quickly and flexibly to address particular concerns. Such texts were not regarded as being set in stone but rather as fluid entities which could be recombined at will in order to produce new works as required.
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Dubravka, Lazić. "Neorealizam u italijanskom filmu i fotografiji - etiologija, interpozicija i specifičnosti dela." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Akademija umetnosti u Novom Sadu, 2013. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=94769&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Tema ovog rada bazira se na neorealističkom pokretu i istraživanju uzročnika koji su doveli do njegovog nastanka, specifičnostima koje on, kao intenzivan umetnički pokret, poseduje i korelaciji između dela koje čine njegovo jezgro. Poseban osvrt načinjen je ka analizi odnosa i interpoziciji fotografske i filmske umetnosti kao vizuelnim, ontološki bliskim, medijima.Istraživanje fenomena italijanskog neorealizma, ukazalo je na ogromni izvor raznovrsnog sadržaja koji se mogu istraživati i analizirati na više različitih principa. Stoga su i ciljevi istraživanja postavljeni prema potrebama pitanja pozicioniranja neorealističkog pokreta u istorijski i umetnički kontekst: ispitivanje uzročnika koji su doveli do stvaranja i egzistiranja neorealističkog pokreta, istorijskih činilaca, izvora i prethodnicama u literaturi, štampanim medijima i filmskoj i fotografskoj umetnosti. Za polaznu tačku istraživanja, termin neorealizam postavljen je u svoj istorijski kontekst da bi se postavila tačka "oslonca" za dalje analize, na koju su se kasnije mogli bazirati svi zaključci izvedeni iz pojedinih oblasti: neorealizam u filmu i fotografiji, internacionalni uticaj na autore neorealizma filma i fotografije, socijalno-istorijski uticaj na tlu Italije u periodu pre, tokom i neposredno nakon trajanja neorealističkog pokreta, kao i analiza filmskih i fotografskih neorealističkih dela.Svaka oblast istraživanja pružila je određene činjenice i saznanja koja su, postavljena u kontekst teme ovog rada, omogućila sagledavanje jedne nove, šire slike o neorealističkom pokretu, zasnovanom ne samo na postulatima uslovljenim i oblikovanim socijalno-fizičkim uslovima, kao primarnim pri nastanku neorealizma, nego uzima u obzir i sve ostale činioce i pozicionira ih u istu ravan sa gore navedenim, proširujući tako opšti pogled na dela nastala u ovom periodu. Sledeći tragove istraživanja koji su ukazivali na nove bitne elemente, stvorila se šira mreža relacija i informacija koja je uputila na dublju povezanost uzročnika neorealizma. Prožimanje istorijskih činjenica, dokazane relacije, poznanstva i saradnje autora, uticaj književnosti, filmske i fotografske umetnosti, vodile su do daljih zaključaka koji su se udaljavali od ustaljene teze o neorealizmu kao pokretu koji je eksplodirao stvaralačkom energijom i kreativnim izrazom, kao posledica terora fašističke diktature tokom Drugog svetskog rata, a potom oslobođenja, i sirovog izraza uslovljenog nemaštinom i oskudicom materijala, koji su diktirali formu i teksturu filmske i fotografske neorealističke forme.Prilikom sumiranja činjenica koje su se izdvajale kao krucijalni delovi analiza, pokazalo se da se mnoge od njih sistematski ponavljaju i potvrđuju svoje prisustvo u ostalim kategorijama, kao i to da svaka od njih ima korene koji se prepliću i time ukazuju i na dublju povezanost u istorijskom kontekstu. Ovakav "bihejviorizam" podataka postepeno je doveo do realizacije zaključka, postavljenog ne samo na osnovu uporedne gramatike ovih podataka i kreiranja lingvistike filmskog i fotografskog neorealizma nego i na uporednoj analizi najkarakterističnijih dela filmskog i fotografskog neorealizma.Ukratko, rezultati sumirani u formi zaključka, donose nov osvrt na umetnost neorealizma, pozicioniran na uporednoj analizi gore pomenutih činilaca i utemeljenog na faktivnim tvrdnjama i zaključcima, kao i na subjektivnom doživljaju i analizi dela. Neorealizam se, nakon ovakve analize, pojavio u svetlu umetničkog pokreta koji je svoje korene imao u periodu koji mu je neposredno prethodio, ali i u socijalno-istorijskim uticajima na tlu Italije, umetnostima filma, fotografije i književnosti, štampanim i vizuelnim medijima u tridesetim i četrdesetim godinama dvadesetog veka, kao i specifičnom italijanskom nacionalnom duhu koji je neorealizmom odgovorio na specifične teške uslove u državi u ratnom i posleratnom periodu. Pored toga, dokazana je veza između fotografske i filmske umetnosti, koja zalazi i izvan granica teoretske povezanosti samih tehnoloških karakteristika medija. Ove dve umetničke discipline dokazano su egzistirale kao samosvesne oblasti (i više od fromalne povezanosti u doba neorealizma), ali sa velikom i snažnom vezom koja je obostrano uticala na njih putem saradnje autora, preplitanja uticaja, interakcije medija.<br>The subject matter of the doctoral thesis is the origin, international influence and mutual factor of the cinematic and photographic neorealist art.
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Amery, Rob. "Warrabarna Kaurna : reclaiming Aboriginal languages from written historical sources : Kaurna case study /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha512.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Linguistics, 1998.<br>Vol. 2 consists of unpublished or not readily available papers and miscellaneous material referred to in vol. 1. Includes historical material and Kaurna language texts. Includes bibliographical references (47 p. ).
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Hoque, Jawad Mahmud. "An Assessment of Historical Traffic Forecast Accuracy and Sources of Forecast Error." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/79.
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Transportation infrastructure improvement projects are typically huge and have significant economic and environmental effects. Forecasts of demand of the facility in the form of traffic level help size the project as well as choose between several alternatives. Inaccuracy in these forecasts can thus have a great impact on the efficiency of the operational design and the benefits accrued from the project against the cost. Despite this understanding, evaluation of traffic forecast inaccuracy has been too few, especially for un-tolled roads in the United States. This study, part of a National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) funded project, bridges this gap in knowledge by analyzing the historical inaccuracy of the traffic forecasts based on a database created as part of the project. The results show a general over-prediction of traffic with actual traffic deviating from forecast by about 17.29% on an average. The study also compares the relative accuracy of forecasts on several categorical variables. Besides enumerating the error in forecasts, this exploration presents the potential factors influencing accuracy. The results from this analysis can help create an uncertainty window around the forecast based on the explanatory variables, which can be an alternate risk analysis technique to sensitivity testing.
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Daher, Joseph. "Hezbollah : a historical materialist analysis." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2015. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23667/.
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This research aims at giving a comprehensive overview and understanding of the Lebanese party Hezbollah. Previous research on Hezbollah has typically focused on one or two aspects of the party's identity, usually the military question, or has concentrated solely on the organisation's religious discourse. This thesis presents an alternative perspective, using a historical materialist analysis to situate an understanding of Hezbollah in socio-economic and political developments in Lebanon and the wider region. To this end, the thesis begins by explaining the establishment of Hezbollah, proceeding then to the party's development vis-à-vis the political situation in Lebanon and in the region. Particular focus is placed on Hezbollah's historic ties with its main sponsor, the Islamic Republic of Iran - ties that have remained strong from the founding of the party until today. Situated in this narrative, the thesis analyses how neoliberal policies in Lebanon following the Lebanese Civil War - and the associated socio-economic evolution of the Shi'a population - influenced Hezbollah's popular constituency and outlook. The ability of Hezbollah to build a hegemonic position within Lebanese Shi'a areas through its media and cultural wings, and use of arms, is examined. Later chapters critically analyse the party's policies towards workers' struggles, women's issues, and its orientation towards the sectarian Lebanese political system. Through this analysis, the thesis provides a holistic approach to Hezbollah - an analysis with important implications for understanding Islamic political movements more generally.
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Brand, Peter James. "The monuments of Seti I and their historical significance epigraphic, art historical and historical analysis /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0009/NQ35116.pdf.
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Comet, Allie. "The Claremont Foodshed: A Historical Analysis." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2009. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/114.
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On the southeast corner of the Pomona College campus a small community farm and lush oasis is nestled in the suburban jungle of Claremont, California. ‘The Farm’ is a two-acre food forest that produces a wide variety of annual vegetable crops, fruits, and perennial herbs and berries in a landscape otherwise covered largely in asphalt and lawn.From my experiences on the Farm and in the classroom studying environmental analysis , I have developed a great interest in sustainable food and farming. The failures of the modern food system, destructive to the natural environment and inadequate in providing the world’s population with sufficient food or nutrition, posed against a great variety of emerging alternatives, has led me to study and engage in local, grassroots efforts to create new (and remember old) ways of feeding ourselves. In this project, I focus on the development of the Claremont area and the role that food and agriculture have played in its history. Additionally, I discuss the current situation and the local food system alternatives that are emerging.
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McDonald, Lisa Elaine. "A historical analysis of physician dissatisfaction." [New Haven, Conn. : s.n.], 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-12092008-143028/.
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White, Dominic Piers. "Quality evaluation of sources for historical earthquakes in the east Mediterranean, 400-1000 A.D." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324629.
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Kautzsch, Alexander. "The historical evolution of earlier African American English : an empirical comparison of early sources /." Berlin : Mouton de Gruyter, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39277264w.
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Harris, Simon. "The Legh of Booths muniments (c.1280-1808) : the study of a Cheshire family through its archive." Thesis, Keele University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311127.
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Ayivor, Moses Geoffrey Kwame. "Africa's golden age debunked: a study of the sources of select black African historical novels." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002275.
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The main thesis of this dissertation is that even a casual analysis of African writing reveals that contemporary African literature has and is still undergoing a distinctive metamorphosis. This change, which amounts to a significant departure from the early fifties, derives its creative impulse from demonic anger and cynical iconoclasm and is triggered by the mind-shattering disillusion that followed independence. The proclivity towards tyranny and the exploitation of the ruled in modern Africa is traced by radical African creative writers to an ancient source: the legendary and god-like rulers of precolonial Africa. Ouologuem's Bound to Violence and Armah's Two Thousand Seasons and The Healers hypothesize that past sins begot present sins. The legendary warrior heroes of the past, whose glory and splendour were once exalted in African writing, are now ruthlessly disentombed and paraded as miscreants and despots, who not only brutalized and sold their people into slavery but also ideologically fabricated their own legends and myths in order to maximize their tyrannical power. The preoccupation of these works is, therefore, to divest the ancient heroes of their false glory. contemporary critics tend to perceive this anti-traditional posture purely as a modern trend in African literature. The truth of the matter, however, is that the literary foundations of this anti-nativist/anti-Afrocentric literary tradition were laid by Thomas Mofolo and Sol Plaatje, whose Chaka (1925) and Mhudi (1930) are the precursors. The five primary works in this study parody and veer away from the generally accepted traditional African epic heroism and recorded history towards a communal heroic ideal which celebrates the larger community instead of the single epic heroes normally romanticized in African legendary tradition. These novelists, while dismantling the European and African myths about Africa's Golden Age, also disfigure the often glorified ancient historical landmarks and the fabled heroes of Africa's oral and recorded history. The rationale behind this investigation is the fact that though these works have innovated, assimilated, and parodied the African oral arts, particularly traditional African epic heroism, no detailed study has been made to explore the literary transformation these texts have undergone as written works. Treating African texts only as appendages of Western literature may undermine the ability of the critical evaluations which go into the heart of these texts and unravel their deeper meanings. The outcome of this kind of approach is that pertinent issues of style and theme originating from negro-African metaphysics, oral traditions, and iconography could thereby be left unexplored. Besides, the bulk of the current body of criticism on African literature, particularly on colonial Africa, tends to concentrate on colonialist Christian values and Western literary production models. One of the overriding concerns of this research, therefore, is to veer away from merely rehashing Eurocentric pronouncements on European influences and literary modes parodied by these works, by taking a fresh. look at the texts from the perspective of Afrocentrism and in particular from the point of view of the traditional African oral bards. To this end, therefore, the dissertation is divided into six main chapters and a short concluding chapter: Chapter 1, A Survey of Black Representations of Pre-colonial Africa, functions as an introduction, sketches the European image versus the Black counter-discourse, and locates the study within the current debate on the concept of pre-colonial Africa's Golden Age. Chapter 2, Thomas Mofolo's "Inverted Epic Hero", the nucleus of the study I analyzes the anti-epic and ironic modes manipulated by the text and also maps out the epic generic framework which structures the whole dissertation. Chapter 3, Traditional African Epic Heroism Revised, discusses Plaatje's Mhudi, paying special attention to the text's deployment of the African epic genre as well as the caricaturist and the anti-heroic modes. In Chapter 4, Yambo Ouologuem's Bound to Violence is examined under the title A World Trapped in an Orgy of Violence, Barbarism and Servitude. African oral art is used as the hermeneutic key in unlocking the complexities of Ouologuem's novel. Chapter 5, The African Anti-Legendary Creative Mythology, scrutinizes Armah's Two Thousand Seasons, highlighting, among other topics, Armah's daring innovative stylistic experimentation. Chapter 6, entitled The Akan Iconic Forest of Symbols, deals with Armah' s The Healers, concentrating on the Akan iconographic backdrop which shapes and informs this work. And finally, The Metamorphosis of Traditional African Epic Heroism, the title of the concluding chapter, sums up this dissertation.
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Gardner, Zoë. "Landscapes of power : the cultural and historical geographies of renewable energy in Britain since the 1870's." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13220/.
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This thesis considers historical applications of naturally renewing energy resources in Britain from the beginnings of public electricity supply in the late nineteenth century to the period immediately prior to the first State interest in such technology in the early 1980s when it became conceptualised as 'renewable'. After a comprehensive review of twentieth century engagements with renewable energy and the academic literatures pertaining to 'water, engineering and landscape' the thesis focuses on two distinct case studies. The first charts the technological, cultural and political evolution of hydro-electricity for public supply which developed over the course of the nineteenth century and was instituted from the 1870s. Detailed consideration of the Worcester hydroelectric station reveals that the development of hydro-electricity in the late nineteenth century symbolised a wider social and cultural demand for 'civic improvement’, and highlights the nature of water as a contested resource within late-Victorian civic arenas. The second traces the history of the Centre for Alternative Technology (CAT), a practical demonstration of alternative energy technologies established in rural mid-Wales during the early 1970s. In a discussion centred on 'alternativeness', the exploration of alternative energy technologies in the early 1970s was the preserve of an emerging counter-culture which sought to implement new visions of Environment and Society. Having revealed these hitherto dormant histories, the thesis concludes with a comparative discussion of the two case studies reflecting on these respective renewable energy projects and their uses as instruments of ‘modernisation' and attempts to extract the significance of these histories in the context of current discourses of renewable energy.
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Crouse, Tara Elizabeth Ann. "Higher education in prisons, a historical analysis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ57101.pdf.
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Klarman, M. J. "The Osborne Judgement : a legal/historical analysis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.232983.
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Wilson, Page Louise. "International politics of aggression : an historical analysis." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2072/.
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This thesis examines the role played by the concept of aggression in international relations, in order to reveal fresh insight into the nature of international society. In the first chapter, the concept of aggression is located within its theoretical context, with particular reference to the writings of certain realists, liberals, and international society theorists. The following chapters then assess the significance of the concept of aggression in the practice of international relations from the early twentieth century period onwards. Thus, chapter two looks at the concept of aggression in the post-World War One Treaty of Versailles peace agreement, including its importance in the US Senate's decision not to ratify that agreement. Subsequently, chapter three examines aggression in the context of the policy-making and procedures of the League of Nations prior to World War Two. In the aftermath of this conflict, chapter four considers how the crime of aggression came to be the key charge laid against Nazi leaders at the International Military Tribunal held at Nuremberg from 1945-946, and chapter five goes on to look at the crime of aggression's role at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo from 1946-1948. The re-emergence of the concept of aggression in the Charter of the United Nations, and this organisation's long struggle to 'define' aggression for the purposes of international peace and security are the focus of chapter six. The work of various UN organs towards achieving these purposes, and the part played by the concept of aggression in this work, feature in chapter seven. In chapters eight and nine, attention is turned to efforts since Nuremberg and Tokyo to entrench aggression as an offence against international criminal law, most recently at the 1998 Rome Conference on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court. The final part of the thesis makes some concluding comments concerning the value and significance of the concept of aggression in international politics today.
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Duncan, Peter John Stuart. "Russian messianism : a historical and political analysis." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1989. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6873/.
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This is an analysis of the nature and political significance of Russian messianism: the idea that the Russian people or the Russian State is the `chosen people' or the `chosen instrument'. I outline the genesis of the theory of Moscow, the Third Rome and discuss the ideas and activities of the nineteenth-century Slavophils, the pan-Slavists, Dostoevsky and Vladimir Solovyov. I examine the influence of messianism on Russian Communism, considering Berdiaev's views. The main part of the work investigates the rebirth of interest in Russian messianism in the Brezhnev period. I try to investigate the links between this cultural movement and the Russian nationalist elements within the political éite. My main sources for this are samizdat journals and articles, in particular the journal Veche, cultural journals such as Novyi mir, Molodaia gvardiia and Nash sovremennik, Party documents and éigré/ journals. I find that Russian messianism has been especially important at times when the country is in crisis: Russia is in Golgotha, but where there is suffering there is also redemption, not only for Russia but for humanity. It has by no means been always dominant in intellectual thought. It has had little influence (under either tsars or Communists) on the fields of nationality policy, policy towards religion or foreign policy. Today, as in the nineteenth century, its adherents can be opponents or supporters of the existing State structure. The growth of non-Russian nationalism under Gorbachov, combined with glasnost', has fuelled Russian nationalism. This is unlikely to be co-opted into the official ideology, because it would increase the dissatisfaction of the non-Russians.
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Shrestha, Sheel Manju. "Historical analysis of vocational education in Nepal." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38618.
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The purpose of this research was to analyze the vocational education plans of Nepal through an historical study by identifying their successes and failures. The specific objectives of the study were (a) to provide an historical background of general education and vocational education, (b) to analyze the strengths and inadequacies of the vocational education systems implemented in Nepal since 1950, (c) to review vocational education components implemented in other developing countries, and (d) to provide implications for Nepal's vocational programs. Relevant historical documents were the basis of this research. The publications of the Ministry of Education of Nepal, Tribhuvan University of Nepal and its numerous colleges, international organizations, and authors knowledgeable in the Nepalese education field served as primary and secondary sources.
The development of formal vocational education in Nepal was traced, beginning with its origin in the traditional occupational and social structure. Descriptions, salient features, and objectives of three different education plans implemented since 1950, namely, (a) the basic education system, (b) the multipurpose education system, and (c) the national education system, were compiled. Each 'of these systems increasingly emphasized vocational education and produced many significant results, yet each of these systems was abandoned because of its limited successes. The strengths and weaknesses of these systems were identified and analyzed. Aspects of female education were separately studied because of their special relevance to vocational education in developing countries. The reasons behind the adoption and the failure of these systems were also discussed. External influence in the formulation of the programs, dependence on foreign financial assistance, ambitious expansions, lack of qualified teachers and educational materials, and the lack of coordination among different agencies were identified as the main problems.<br>Ed. D.
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Khurshid, Khurram. "Analysis and retrieval of historical documents images." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05S014.
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Le Word Spotting est une alternative relativement nouvelle pour la recherche d'information dans les images de documents anciens. Le Word Spotting consiste à formuler un requête sous forme d'une image de mot pour rechercher toutes les images de documents ou les passages contenant des mots similaires à la requête donnée. Des recherches ont déjà été menées dans ce domaine et différentes méthodes ont été proposées pour un Word Spotting efficace, mais il y a toujours une certaine marge d'erreur et la possibilité d'amélioration. En outre, le Word Spotting requiert le choix d'une image comme mot de requête ce qui peut poser problème pour les utilisateurs qui préféreront formuler leur requête en tapant une suite de caractères. Il est ainsi plus réaliste de proposer du Word Spotting à partir de requêtes ACSII. Notre principale motivation dans la recherche menée et l'objectif visé était de proposer un système de recherche d'informations efficace qui pourrait fonctionner avec de bonnes performances en reconnaissance pour de grands volumes d'images de documents imprimés et la possibilité de formuler les requêtes sous forme d'image de mot ou de texte ASCII ainsi que de rechercher des mots dans des régions d'intérêt définies au préalable<br>Word spotting is a relatively new alternative for information retrieval in ancient document images. Word spotting means matching a query word image with all the words in the documents and retrieve all the document images or passages containing similar words to the given query. Research has been going on in this field for some time now and already different methods have been proposed for efficient word spotting but there is always some room for improvement. Moreover, mostly the word spotting methods require a word image as query which is rather difficult for the users as giving an ASCII query is always more feasible and easy. Main motivation and aim for us behind this research was to propose an efficient information retrieval system that could work efficiently with good precision rates for huge volumes of printed document images with word image or ASCII text queries to search information in text areas which we call as regions of interest (ROI)
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Dalbec, Nathan Richard. "A Historical Analysis of Natural Gas Demand." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27361.
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This thesis analyzes demand in the US energy market for natural gas, oil, and coal over the period of 1918-2013 and examines their price relationship over the period of 2007-2013. Diagnostic tests for time series were used; Augmented Dickey-Fuller, Kwiatkowski?Phillips?Schmidt?Shin, Johansen cointegration, Granger Causality and weak exogeneity tests. Directed acyclic graphs were used as a complimentary test for endogeneity. Due to the varied results in determining endogeneity, a seemingly unrelated regression model was used which assumes all right hand side variables in the three demand equations were exogenous. A number of factors were significant in determining demand for natural gas including its own price, lagged demand, a number of structural break dummies, and trend, while oil indicate some substitutability with natural gas. An error correction model was used to examine the price relationships. Natural gas price was found not to have a significant cointegrating vector.
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Clifton, Keith Edward. "Maurice Ravel's L'heure espagnole : genesis, sources, analysis /." Ann Arbor : UMI, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37659538n.
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Dowsett, David Mark Francis. "High Brightness Ion Sources for Surface Analysis." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491929.
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The aim of this work was to produce an ion source with a high brightness and low energy spread. Two approaches were taken, an existing high brightness ion source (the liquid metal ion source) was monochromated to reduce its energy spread; this work was carried out at the University of York. The second approach was to develop a novel high brightness ion source with an intrinsically low energy spread. This approach was carried out at the University of Warwick. Several potential monochromators were simulated and the concentric hemispherical analyser was found to be the most suitable. Liquid metal ion sources were fabricated for monochromation by the author. However, these sources did not prove to be sufficiently stable for energy spread measurements and electron sources were used to try to demonstrate the principal. Ultimately this approach did not prove successful and the alternative ofdeveloping a novel source was pursued. This second approach utilises a novel emission process discovered at Warwick: surface enhanced field emission. Alkali metal vapours incident on a hot, chemically etched molybdenum wire are ionised at fields much lower than those normally required for field emission. Emission currents of several microamps have been obtained from the source and the sample current found to extremely stable with r.m.s noise of just 0.65%. The axial angular intensity of the source is 23 ~A sfl at 1 ~A emission. SIMS depth profiling has been carried out and the dynamic range at 1 keY was 3 orders of magnitude. Spot sizes of 20 ~m have been measured at 1 keY. The dynamic range and spot size do not represent the ultimate performance of the source, both are expected to improve in an ion column designed for a high brightness source.
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Johnson, Christopher. "The use of historical sources, anachronism, and invented history in certain works of Sir Walter Scott." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314972.
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Reed, Carson E. Reed Carson E. "The nature and authority of scripture historical sources and theological engagement for congregational awareness and reflection /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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Thesis (D. Min.)--Abilene Christian University, 1995.<br>Includes abstract. Includes a draft copy of the author's "The work of witness" designed for teaching small groups and Bible classes (leaves 97-217). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 218-226).
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Heckl, Maria Anna. "Heat sources in acoustic resonators." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/250863.
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Kurbanov, Aydogdy [Verfasser]. "The Hephthalites : archaeological and historical analysis / Aydogdy Kurbanov." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1024047016/34.
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Clydesdale, Greg. "Industrial leadership : a historical analysis of merchant shipping." Lincoln University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1712.
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This thesis set out to explore the forces that determine the rise and fall of industrial leadership. It attempted to do this by applying an industry life cycle model to the shipping industry. The industrial life cycle was posited on the basis of existing literature, particularly the growth of knowledge, evolutionary and institutional literature, which lend themselves to patterns of industrial growth and entrapment. On this basis, this thesis set out to examine whether industrial leadership can be explained by a four-staged process of imitation, catch up, advance and entrapment. However, this thesis has exposed something more complicated. Processes of imitation, catch up advance and entrapment were shown to be at work in the shipping industry, but they were tempered by the effects of military and political forces that may not be exogenous, and the trend from regionalism to globalisation. The original model did not encompass early indigenous developments that are not based on imitation that do not immediately lead to a position of advanced leadership. In this light, a better description of the first stage would be capability building.
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Dalbello-Lovric, Marija. "Croatian diaspora almanacs, a historical and cultural analysis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0007/NQ41133.pdf.
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Torok, Peter. "Hungarian church-state relationships, a socio-historical analysis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ50062.pdf.
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Crutcher, Nicole. "Mandatory minimum penalties of imprisonment, an historical analysis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ52344.pdf.
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DellaMattera, Julie Natelle Mullen. "A Historical Comparative Analysis of Preschool Policy Frameworks." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2006. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DellaMatteraJNM2006.pdf.
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Tope, Daniel B. "The politics of union decline an historical analysis /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1185824363.
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Xiao, Naiyuan. "Comfort temperature analysis in a historical stone church." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-19320.
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In this thesis a church named Hamrånge, located North of the town Gävle in Sweden, has been studied. In this church thermal comfort is a problem that need to be considered. There is poor insulation and air leakage in the building envelope. And appearance doesn't allow to add any additional insulation, becauce people want to keep its original appearance. In cold weather the church is heated by bench heaters and radiators through direct electicity.<br>Energy system
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Kelly, David. "Money-capital and company law : a historical analysis." Thesis, University of Kent, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278196.
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Baker, Tami Lynn. "Historical linguistic analysis of traditional English Christmas carols." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2001. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0325101-141215/unrestricted/BakerT0416.pdf.
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Crutcher, Nicole (Nicole Elizabeth) Carleton University Dissertation Law. "Mandatory minimum penalties of imprisonment; an historical analysis." Ottawa, 2000.
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