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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Analysis of visual structure'
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1
Ren, Reede. "Audio-visual football video analysis, from structure detection to attention analysis." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis. Move to record for print version, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/77/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2008.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Information and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
2
Moraitis, Catherine. "The art of David Lean : a textual analysis of audio visual structure." Thesis, University of Kent, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250344.
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Moraitis, Catherine. "The art of David Lean : a textual analysis of audio-visual structure /." [Milton Keynes] : Authorhouse, 2004. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9781420899504.
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Chuen-huey, Jiang. "An analysis of the visual structure of American and Taiwanese music videos." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407145876.
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Xu, Yongchao. "An analysis of the visual structure and meaning in the evolution of Qipao." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2009/y_xu_041309.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in apparel, merchandising, design and textiles)--Washington State University, May 2009.Title from PDF title page (viewed on Apr. 12, 2010). "Department of Apparel, Merchandising, Design and Textiles." Includes bibliographical references (p. 94-101).
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Zaidi, Faraz. "Analysis, structure and organization of complex networks." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14112/document.
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La Science des réseaux est apparue comme un domaine d'étude fondamental pour modéliser un grand nombre de systèmes synthétiques ou du monde réel.La découverte du graphe petit monde et du graphe sans échelle dans ces réseaux a révolutionné la façon d'étudier, d'analyser, de modéliser et de traiter ces réseaux. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à l'étude des réseaux ayant ces propriétés et souvent qualifiés de réseaux complexes.A notre avis, les recherches menées dans ce domaine peuvent être regroupées en quatre catégories: l'analyse, la structure, le processus/organisation et la visualisation.Nous abordons des problèmes relatifs à chacune de ces catégories tout au long de cette thèse. (...)Network science has emerged as a fundamental field of study to model many physicaland real world systems around us. The discovery of small world and scale free propertiesof these real world networks has revolutionized the way we study, analyze, model andprocess these networks. In this thesis, we are interested in the study of networks havingthese properties often termed as complex networks. In our opinion, research conducted inthis field can be grouped into four categories, Analysis, Structure, Processes-Organizationand Visualization. We address problems pertaining to each of these categories throughoutthis thesis. (...)
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How, Martin John, and martin how@anu edu au. "The fiddler crab claw-waving display: an analysis of the structure and function of a movement-based visual signal." The Australian National University. Research School of Biological Sciences, 2004. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20081001.111333.
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Communication is an essential component of animal social systems and a diverse suite of signals can be found in the natural environment. An area of animal communication that, for technical reasons, we know very little about is the field of movement-based or dynamic visual signals. In this thesis, I make use of recent advances in measurement and analysis techniques, including digital video and image motion processing tools, to improve our understanding of how movement-based signals are adjusted according to signalling context. I measured and characterised the flamboyant claw-waving displays of male fiddler crabs (Genus Uca) and made use of their transparent lifestyle to record the behavioural contexts in which these signals are produced.¶
The claw-waving displays of seven Australian species of fiddler crab are compared and contrasted to show that these signals are species-specific, but also vary within and between individuals. I show that the species Uca perplexa produces different types of signal in different behavioural contexts, a lateral wave for courtship, and a vertical wave during short-range agonistic and courtship interactions. The structure of the lateral courtship waves of Uca perplexa vary according to the distance of signal receivers, the first time this kind of relationship has been shown in a dynamic visual signal. Finally, I describe and analyse the signalling and orientation behaviour of U. elegans during courtship herding, an unusual mating system that uses the claw-waving display in a novel way.¶
The adjustments made by fiddler crabs to their displays during changes in behavioural contexts suggest that the fine-scale context-sensitivity of animal signals may be far more widespread in communication than hitherto recognised.
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Cosgrove, Samantha Jo. "Drop, Cover, and Hold On: Analyzing FEMA's Risk Communication through Visual Rhetoric." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6211.
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This project seeks to understand the relationship between visual rhetoric and power structure between FEMA’s Earthquake publications and their audience. Research shows images leave a longer impression on readers than text, causing more studies to focus on visuals rather than just text in technical communication. Author uses Critical Discourse Analysis to analyze the images in relation to text, design, and intended audience to determine what information is being privileged. It is determined that homeowners are being privileged with information over non-homeowners, established through a collection of images and image types. The lack of information for non-homeowners could result in injury or death of potential disaster victims, making it crucial for technical document revision.
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How, Martin J. "The fiddler crab claw-waving display : an analysis of the structure and function of a movement-based visual signal /." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2007. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20081001.111333/index.html.
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Monahan, Richard. "Drawing perception : an analysis of the tectonics of drawing process and their influence on the structure of visual perception." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2016. http://repository.uwtsd.ac.uk/729/.
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Since childhood, drawing has been a constant method and medium of enquiry for me, a medium that is beyond the term ‘art’, that is an instinctive physical and perceptual response to phenomena. As such, it is a natural development for me to desire to understand this phenomenon, to question the act of drawing as a mode of communication that appears to be so suitable to my understanding. This has led to a period of research into the formal structures of drawing, to ask how abstract marks on a ground can be of use to our understanding. Developed to question the universal relevance of drawing, this study is a practice-led investigation into the formal tectonics of drawing practice. As such it charts a period of research that comprises a re-learning of the building blocks of drawing practice in an effort to better understand how drawing influences how we encounter the world or, how drawing structures visual perception. Part I begins by outlining the historical lineage of which this thesis is a continuance, positioning the research as a non-essentialist, moderate manifestation of the formalist position. Part I proceeds to employ drawing as an analytical tool, to compartmentalise a past drawing into seven distinct components, identified as united within the diversity of the drawing process. The seven components are not original in their connection to drawing, and therefore do not, by their mere presence, comprise an original contribution to knowledge. In fact it is the universal acceptance of the components as the formal scaffold on which most drawings are built, that enables a rigorous interrogation of their properties to be undertaken, further explored and developed so that an understanding of how these components structure the visual perception of the drawer can be reached. Adopting the seven components as seven separate lines of inquiry, Part II establishes the Components of Drawing. Each is subsequently analysed and extended through my practice, theory and pedagogy. Within this process drawing operates as the principal originator, developer and vector of the hypothesis, the core of the investigation being a heuristic analysis of the structure of drawing that mobilises the components of drawing from a subconscious by-product of process, to a conscious understanding of the purposiveness of each mark made. The study concludes with a reflection on the research period in response to the hypothesis outlining the original contribution to knowledge, before positing possible future areas for further research.
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Yonkul, Ayse. "A Brechtian Analysis Of Caryl Churchill." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615391/index.pdf.
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This thesis is primarily concerned with Caryl Churchill and Edward Bond&rsquos attempts to implement Brechtian methods of Verfremdungseffekt with the same artistic intent of social change in their plays, Mad Forest and Red, Black and Ignorant. In order to provoke critical and objective thinking, and action for positive change, both of the playwrights make use of Brechtian Verfremdungseffekt techniques of characterization, open-endedness, episodic structure, and audio-visual aids. These techniques let the playwrights present familiar situations, actions and attitudes as if they were unfamiliar so that they could be alienated and evaluated with a critical eye by the audience and the reader. In addition to studying the Brechtian elements in these two plays, this thesis argues that there is a point which drifts Bond&rsquo
s Red, Black and Ignorant from Brechtian dramaturgy and Churchill&rsquo
s Mad Forest
the point is that Red, Black and Ignorant includes non-Brechtian character design aspects and lack of Brechtian audio-visual aids.
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Lindow, Norbert [Verfasser]. "Visual Analysis of Atomic Structures Based on the Hard-Sphere Model / Norbert Lindow." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1136608842/34.
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Khan, Taimur [Verfasser], Hans [Akademischer Betreuer] Hagen, Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Liggesmeyer, and Achim [Akademischer Betreuer] Ebert. "Interactive Visual Analysis of Software Structures / Taimur Khan. Betreuer: Hans Hagen ; Peter Liggesmeyer ; Achim Ebert." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1074404718/34.
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Choo, Jae gul. "Integration of computational methods and visual analytics for large-scale high-dimensional data." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49121.
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With the increasing amount of collected data, large-scale high-dimensional data analysis is becoming essential in many areas. These data can be analyzed either by using fully computational methods or by leveraging human capabilities via interactive visualization. However, each method has its drawbacks. While a fully computational method can deal with large amounts of data, it lacks depth in its understanding of the data, which is critical to the analysis. With the interactive visualization method, the user can give a deeper insight on the data but suffers when large amounts of data need to be analyzed.
Even with an apparent need for these two approaches to be integrated, little progress has been made. As ways to tackle this problem, computational methods have to be re-designed both theoretically and algorithmically, and the visual analytics system has to expose these computational methods to users so that they can choose the proper algorithms and settings. To achieve an appropriate integration between computational methods and visual analytics, the thesis focuses on essential computational methods for visualization, such as dimension reduction and clustering, and it presents fundamental development of computational methods as well as visual analytic systems involving newly developed methods.
The contributions of the thesis include (1) the two-stage dimension reduction framework that better handles significant information loss in visualization of high-dimensional data, (2) efficient parametric updating of computational methods for fast and smooth user interactions, and (3) an iteration-wise integration framework of computational methods in real-time visual analytics. The latter parts of the thesis focus on the development of visual analytics systems involving the presented computational methods, such as (1) Testbed: an interactive visual testbed system for various dimension reduction and clustering methods, (2) iVisClassifier: an interactive visual classification system using supervised dimension reduction, and (3) VisIRR: an interactive visual information retrieval and recommender system for large-scale document data.
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Gonzalez, Hernán. "Complex dynamic scene analysis through multi-body motion segmentation : application to intelligent vehicles." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS519.
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Dans le contexte applicatif des Systèmes d'Aide à la Conduite et des Véhicules Autonomes (anglais ADAS), l'analyse de scène est un processus fondamental d'inférence duquel dépendent multiples fonctions d'asservissement et de prise de décision. Le résultat issu de l'analyse de scène permet une description fiable de l'environnement aux alentours du véhicule composée des objets statiques et dynamiques ainsi que des éléments de structure de la scène (e.g. route, espace navigable, marquage routier) et de la localisation du véhicule observateur (e.g. odométrie). Ces informations supportent les décisions et l'engagement d'actions des systèmes automatiques dans la navigation autonome et les manœuvres d'assistance à la conduite. Pour ce faire, les systèmes de perception sont conçus afin de fournir des observations de la scène redondantes et fiables. Dans le cadre de cette thèse nous nous intéressons à la segmentation d'une scène dynamique en utilisant des images issues d'un système de vision monoculaire. Dans un premier temps, une étude bibliographique des approches de l'état de l'art est présentée en contrastant les avantages et les limites des méthodes suivant des indicateurs de performance et de temps de calcul. Cela a permis la sélection d'une méthodologie récente basée vision servant de référence pour la segmentation de mouvement. Parallèlement, une étude approfondie des pré-traitements nécessaires à l'estimation du flot optique a aussi été menée. Cette première étape est clore par une implantation algorithmique pour la l'identification et la formalisation des contributions adressant les limites de l'état de l'art. Dans la deuxième étape de ce travail, nous proposons un algorithme de segmentation de mouvement basée image. Les notions et les méthodes introduites font appel à la technique du Suivi-avant-Detection (anglais Track-before-Detect) en couplage serré aux méthodes de calcul de la structure et du mouvement (anglais Structure from Motion). La méthode dénommée TbD-SfM a pour objectif la réduction de la complexité dans l'analyse de la scène intégrant un modèle de mouvement générique à 6 dégrées de liberté. Et cela en préservant la densité de caractéristiques suivies sur les mouvements observés. Plus tard, nous proposons une variante accélérée de l'algorithme TbD-SfM dénommée ETbD-SfM qui limite efficacement la complexité de la segmentation par rapport au nombre de mouvements observés dans la scène. L'ensemble des contributions a été évalué en utilisant différentes bases de données publiques reconnues dans le domaine des Transports Intelligents. Nous avons étudié les algorithmes TbD-SfM et ETbD-SfM avec le dataset Hopkins dans de conditions idéales : sans erreurs de suivi de caractéristiques et faible vitesse. Le dataset KITTI permit de vérifier la robustesse de l'approche et d'évaluer leur performance dans des scénarios incluant multiples objets en mouvement. Pour conclure, les résultats expérimentaux démontrent que les méthodes TbD-SfM et ETbD-SfM effectuent la segmentation d'une scène dynamique en utilisant un modèle à 6 dégrés de liberté obtenant une faible erreur de ré-projection tout en préservant la densité de caractéristiques essentiel au suivi de mouvement. La géométrie de la scène 3D calculée en estimant le facteur d'échelle est comparée et analysée aux trajectoires 3D des objets référencés dans la scèneIn the context of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Autonomous Vehicles, scene understanding is a fundamental inference process in which several servoing and decision making functions depends on. Such a process is intended to retrieve reliable information about the vehicle's surroundings including static and dynamic objects (e.g. obstacles, pedestrians, vehicles), the scene structure (e.g. road, navigable space, lane markings) and ego-localization (e.g. odometry). All this information is essential to make crucial decisions in autonomous navigation and assistance maneuvers. To this end, single or multiple perception systems are designed to provide redundant and reliable observations of the scene. This thesis is devoted and focused on image-based multi-body motion segmentation of dynamic scenes using monocular vision systems. The conducted research starts by surveying methods of the state-of-the-art and contrasting their advantages and drawbacks in terms of performance indicators and computation time. After identifying a recent vision-based methodology, sparse optical flow required pre-processes are studied. As a concept-proof, an algorithm implementation shows, in practice, limits of the addressed approach leading to envision and formalize our contributions. Detecting and tracking objects in a classic processing chain may lead to low-performance and time-consuming solutions. Instead of segmenting moving objects and tracking them independently, a Track-before-Detect framework for a multi-body motion segmentation (namely TbD-SfM) was proposed. This method relies detection and tracking on a tightly coupled strategy intended to reduce the complexity of an existing Multi-body Structure from Motion approach. Efforts were also devoted for reducing the computational cost without introducing any kinematic model constraints and for preserving features density on observed motions. Further, an accelerated implementation variant of TbD (namely ETbD-SfM) was also proposed in order to limit the complexity increasing with respect to the number of observed motions. The proposed methods were extensively tested with different publicly available datasets such as Hopkins155 and KITTI. Hopkins dataset allows a comparison under feature-tracking ideal conditions since the dataset includes referenced optical flow. KITTI provides image sequences under real conditions in order to evaluate robustness of the method. Results on scenarios including the presence of multiple and simultaneous moving objects observed from a moving camera are analyzed and discussed. In conclusion, the obtained results show that TbD-SfM and ETbD-SfM methods can segment dynamic objects using a 6DoF motion model, achieving a low image segmentation error without increasing of computational cost and preserving the density of the feature points. Additionally, the 3D scene geometry and trajectories are provided by estimating scale on the monocular system and comparing these results to referenced object trajectories
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Hetsel, Gene A. (Gene Arthur). "Virtual Reality for Scientific Visualization: an Exploratory Analysis of Presentation Methods." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500890/.
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Humans are very effective at evaluating information visually. Scientific visualization is concerned with the process of presenting complex data in visual form to exploit this capability. A large array of tools is currently available for visual presentation. This research attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of three different presentation models that could be used for scientific visualization. The presentation models studied were, two-dimensional perspective rendering, field sequential stereoscopic three dimensional rendering and immersive virtual reality rendering. A large section of a three dimensional sub surface seismic survey was modeled as four-dimensional data by including a value for seismic reflectivity at each point in the survey. An artificial structure was randomly inserted into this data model and subjects were asked to locate and identify the structures. A group of seventeen volunteers from the University of Houston student body served as subjects for the study. Detection time, discrimination time and discrimination accuracy were recorded. The results showed large inter subject variation in presentation model preference. In addition the data suggest a possible gender effect. Female subjects had better overall performance on the task as well as better task acquisition.
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Silva, Alex Ricardo Chagas Vieira. "De No tempo das diligências a Fox News Live - as estruturas audiovisuais inconscientes do western presentes nas representações televisivas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27153/tde-11052009-121108/.
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A identificação e a exploração de alguns dos elementos fundamentais da linguagem audiovisual, ainda em seus primórdios, permitem sugerir que esses mesmos traços estejam presentes no chamado modo cultural ocidental de produção telejornalística da atualidade. É provável que, a partir do cinema mudo, certos padrões imagéticos tenham sido criados e que, nos anos 30, quando finalmente houve a possibilidade técnica de se fazer um filme, sincronizá-lo com uma banda sonora e exibi-lo para grandes platéias, elas tenham se cristalizado como estruturas audiovisuais, as quais permanecem, em sua essência, na produção dos programas jornalísticos do início deste século. A análise de uma obra cinematográfica do período áureo dos anos 30, quando a narrativa fílmica já tinha consolidado o uso do som e da imagem como matérias-primas de sua linguagem o western No Tempo das Diligências (Stagecoach, 1939) , servirá como base para a pesquisa realizada posteriormente com o telejornal Fox News Live, do canal de televisão Fox News Channel; isto possibilitará a verificação das construções audiovisuais do cinema e sua conseqüente permanência como estruturas sonoro-imagéticas na televisão, portanto, estruturas discursivas inconscientes.The identification and exploitation of some of the audio-visual languages fundamental elements, by studying its origins, will allow us to suggest that these same remains are still present in the so-called Western cultural mode of news production nowadays. Probably, since the silent motion pictures, some visual imagery have been created and, therefore, in the 1930s, when finally there were technical possibilities to film a motion-picture, synchronize it with a sound stripe and exhibit it to large audiences, these patterns have been consolidated as audio-visual structures, which still endure, in essence, in news programming production at the beginning of this century. The analysis of a movie from 1930s golden period, when the filmic narrative had already solidified the use of sounds and images as commodities of its own language the western Stagecoach(1939) , it will function as a basis for the research carried out, later on, with Fox News Live, which is broadcasted by Fox News Channel; this investigation will permit the verification of some audio-visual constructions in cinema, besides its resulting permanence as sound-imagery structures in television, consequently, unconscious structures of discourse.
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Marsolo, Keith Allen. "A workflow for the modeling and analysis of biomedical data." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180309265.
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Linguraru, Marius George. "Feature detection in mammographic image analysis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b92185f0-c7bf-40e1-bc17-bf71065f001f.
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In modern society, cancer has become one of the most terrifying diseases because of its high and increasing death rate. The disease's deep impact demands extensive research to detect and eradicate it in all its forms. Breast cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer, and approximately one in nine women in the Western world will develop it over the course of their lives. Screening programmes have been shown to reduce the mortality rate, but they introduce an enormous amount of information that must be processed by radiologists on a daily basis. Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems aim to assist clinicians in their decision-making process, by acting as a second opinion and helping improve the detection and classification ratios by spotting very difficult and subtle cases. Although the field of cancer detection is rapidly developing and crosses over imaging modalities, X-ray mammography remains the principal tool to detect the first signs of breast cancer in population screening. The advantages and disadvantages of other imaging modalities for breast cancer detection are discussed along with the improvements and difficulties encountered in screening programmes. Remarkable achievements to date in breast CAD are equally presented. This thesis introduces original results for the detection of features from mammographic image analysis to improve the effectiveness of early cancer screening programmes. The detection of early signs of breast cancer is vital in managing such a fast developing disease with poor survival rates. Some of the earliest signs of cancer in the breast are the clusters of microcalcifications. The proposed method is based on image filtering comprising partial differential equations (PDE) for image enhancement. Subsequently, microcalcifications are segmented using characteristics of the human visual system, based on the superior qualities of the human eye to depict localised changes of intensity and appearance in an image. Parameters are set according to the image characteristics, which makes the method fully automated. The detection of breast masses in temporal mammographic pairs is also investigated as part of the development of a complete breast cancer detection tool. The design of this latter algorithm is based on the detection sequence used by radiologists in clinical routine. To support the classification of masses into benign or malignant, novel tumour features are introduced. Image normalisation is another key concept discussed in this thesis along with its benefits for cancer detection.
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Heulot, Nicolas. "Etude des projections de données comme support interactif de l’analyse visuelle de la structure de données de grande dimension." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112127.
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Acquérir et traiter des données est de moins en moins coûteux, à la fois en matériel et en temps, mais encore faut-il pouvoir les analyser et les interpréter malgré leur complexité. La dimensionnalité est un des aspects de cette complexité intrinsèque. Pour aider à interpréter et à appréhender ces données le recours à la visualisation est indispensable au cours du processus d’analyse. La projection représente les données sous forme d’un nuage de points 2D, indépendamment du nombre de dimensions. Cependant cette technique de visualisation souffre de distorsions dues à la réduction de dimension, ce qui pose des problèmes d’interprétation et de confiance. Peu d’études ont été consacrées à la considération de l’impact de ces artefacts, ainsi qu’à la façon dont des utilisateurs non-familiers de ces techniques peuvent analyser visuellement une projection. L’approche soutenue dans cette thèse repose sur la prise en compte interactive des artefacts, afin de permettre à des analystes de données ou des non-experts de réaliser de manière fiable les tâches d’analyse visuelle des projections. La visualisation interactive des proximités colore la projection en fonction des proximités d’origine par rapport à une donnée de référence dans l’espace des données. Cette technique permet interactivement de révéler les artefacts de projection pour aider à appréhender les détails de la structure sous-jacente aux données. Dans cette thèse, nous revisitons la conception de cette technique et présentons ses apports au travers de deux expérimentations contrôlées qui étudient l’impact des artefacts sur l’analyse visuelle des projections. Nous présentons également une étude de l’espace de conception d’une technique basée sur la métaphore de lentille et visant à s’affranchir localement des problématiques d’artefacts de projectionThe cost of data acquisition and processing has radically decreased in both material and time. But we also need to analyze and interpret the large amounts of complex data that are stored. Dimensionality is one aspect of their intrinsic complexity. Visualization is essential during the analysis process to help interpreting and understanding these data. Projection represents data as a 2D scatterplot, regardless the amount of dimensions. However, this visualization technique suffers from artifacts due to the dimensionality reduction. Its lack of reliability implies issues of interpretation and trust. Few studies have been devoted to the consideration of the impact of these artifacts, and especially to give feedbacks on how non-expert users can visually analyze projections. The main approach of this thesis relies on an taking these artifacts into account using interactive techniques, in order to allow data scientists or non-expert users to perform a trustworthy visual analysis of projections. The interactive visualization of the proximities applies a coloring of the original proximities relatives to a reference in the data-space. This interactive technique allows revealing projection artifacts in order to help grasping details of the underlying data-structure. In this thesis, we redesign this technique and we demonstrate its potential by presenting two controlled experiments studying the impact of artifacts on the visual analysis of projections. We also present a design-space based on the lens metaphor, in order to improve this technique and to locally visualize a projection free of artifacts issues
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De, Alburquerque Melo Cassio. "Real-time Distributed Computation of Formal Concepts and Analytics." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00966184.
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The advances in technology for creation, storage and dissemination of data have dramatically increased the need for tools that effectively provide users with means of identifying and understanding relevant information. Despite the great computing opportunities distributed frameworks such as Hadoop provide, it has only increased the need for means of identifying and understanding relevant information. Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) may play an important role in this context, by employing more intelligent means in the analysis process. FCA provides an intuitive understanding of generalization and specialization relationships among objects and their attributes in a structure known as a concept lattice. The present thesis addresses the problem of mining and visualising concepts over a data stream. The proposed approach is comprised of several distributed components that carry the computation of concepts from a basic transaction, filter and transforms data, stores and provides analytic features to visually explore data. The novelty of our work consists of: (i) a distributed processing and analysis architecture for mining concepts in real-time; (ii) the combination of FCA with visual analytics visualisation and exploration techniques, including association rules analytics; (iii) new algorithms for condensing and filtering conceptual data and (iv) a system that implements all proposed techniques, called Cubix, and its use cases in Biology, Complex System Design and Space Applications.
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Johnson, Shelley. "This little chicken went to Africa : a historical survey into the development of narrative structures within relief printmaking in community centres in South Africa and a formal analysis of the relevance of the medium in contemporary children's picture book illustration." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1725.
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Thesis (MPhil (Visual Arts. Illustration))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.When dealing with emergent literacy in South Africa, the didactic aspects of picture books are often privileged over their aesthetic quality and the idea of reading for pleasure. The themes of the books are not always locally relevant and for economic reasons, they often fail to reach the communities that need them the most. By looking at the history of relief printing within a community environment, I hope to highlight how communities themselves may be able to develop locally relevant children’s picture books, instituting a ‘grassroots’ approach rather than the paternalistic ‘top down’ approach of the past. I will also be looking at the narrative and stylistic elements of relief printing that are complimentary to the picture book genre and how these can be utilised for a pleasurable rather than didactic approach to the narratives.
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Wong, Solomon Kim-Nung Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "Linking visual preferences and visual sensitivity to image structure." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Psychology, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44842.
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The statistical structure of natural images has sparked interest in regards to both visual processing of such images and the aesthetic responses they elicit. We bring together these two lines of research under the simple proposition that early visual processing, more specifically visual sensitivity, may mediate visual preferences. In our first set of experiments, we measured both visual preference and visual sensitivity in the same observers, using patterns varying in the slope of their amplitude spectrum. Our results found similar functions for both variables, supporting our hypothesis. In a second set of experiments, we investigated the same question with regards to simple spatial frequency variations, and found even more convincing results. We conclude that early visual processing is implicated in visual preference, supporting the recently emerging sensory-based approaches to understanding visual preference.
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Skelly, June J. "Pacing visual attention : temporal structure effects /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148778086540915.
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Davis, Myers Abraham. "Visual vibration analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107330.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 109-113).
This dissertation shows how regular cameras can be used to record and analyze the vibrations of visible objects. Through careful temporal analysis, we relate subtle changes in video to the vibrations of recorded surfaces, and use that information to reason about the physical properties of objects and the forces that drive their motion. We explore several applications of our approach to extracting vibrations from video - using it to recover sound from distant surfaces, estimate the physical properties of visible objects, and even predict how objects will respond to new, previously unseen forces. Our work impacts a variety of fields, ranging from computer vision, to long-distance structural health monitoring and nondestructive testing, surveillance, and even visual effects for film. By imaging the vibrations of objects, we offer cameras as low-cost vibration sensors with dramatically higher spatial resolution than the devices traditionally used in engineering. In doing so, we turn every camera into a powerful tool for vibration analysis, and provide an exciting new way to image the world.
by Myers Abraham Davis (Abe Davis)
Ph. D.
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Shah, Neet. "Visual Field Analysis for Functional Visual Loss." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626887.
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Gee, Andrew P. "Incorporating Higher Level Structure in Visual SLAM." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525469.
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Larsson, Petter. "Automatic Visual Behavior Analysis." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1980.
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This work explores the possibilities of robust, noise adaptive and automatic segmentation of driver eye movements into comparable quantities as defined in the ISO 15007 and SAE J2396 standards for in-vehicle visual demand measurements. Driver eye movements have many potential applications, from the detection of driver distraction, drowsiness and mental workload, to the optimization of in-vehicle HMIs. This work focuses on SeeingMachines head and eye-tracking system SleepyHead (or FaceLAB), but is applicable to data from other similar eye-tracking systems. A robust and noise adaptive hybrid algorithm, based on two different change detection protocols and facts about eye-physiology, has been developed. The algorithm has been validated against data, video transcribed according to the ISO/SAE standards. This approach was highly successful, revealing correlations in the region of 0.999 between analysis types i.e. video transcription and the analysis developed in this work. Also, a real-time segmentation algorithm, with a unique initialization fefature, has been developed and validated based on the same approach.
This work enables real-time in-vehicle systems, based on driver eye-movements, to be developed and tested in real driving conditions. Furthermore, it has augmented FaceLAB by providing a tool that can easily be used when analysis of eye movements are of interest e.g. HMI and ergonomics studies, analysis of warnings, driver workload estimation etc.
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Machado, Vinícius Fritzen. "Visual soccer match analysis." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/144074.
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Futebol é um esporte fascinante que capta a atenção de milhões de pessoas no mundo. Equipes de futebol profissionais, bem como os meios de comunicação, têm um profundo interesse na análise de partidas de futebol. Análise estatística é a abordagem mais usada para descrever um jogo de futebol, no entanto, muitas vezes eles não conseguem captar a evolução do jogo e as mudanças de estratégias que aconteceram. Neste trabalho, apresentamos Visual Soccer Match Analysis (VSMA), uma ferramenta para a compreensão dos diferentes aspectos relacionados com a evolução de um jogo de futebol. A nossa ferramenta recebe como entrada as coordenadas de cada jogador durante o jogo, bem como os eventos associados. Apresentamos um design visual que permite identificar rapidamente padrões relevantes em jogo. A abordagem foi desenvolvida em conjunto com colegas da área da educação física com experiência em análise de futebol. Validamos a utilidade da nossa abordagem utilizando dados de várias partidas, juntamente com avaliações de especialistas.Soccer is a fascinating sport that captures the attention of millions of people in the world. Professional soccer teams, as well as the broadcasting media, have a deep interest in the analysis of soccer matches. Statistical summaries are the most-used approach to describe a soccer match. However, they often fail to capture the evolution of the game and changes of strategies that happen. In this work, we present the Visual Soccer Match Analysis (VSMA) system, a tool for understanding the different aspects associated with the evolution of a soccer match. Our tool receives as input the coordinates of each player throughout the match and related events. We present a visual design that allows to quickly identify relevant patterns in the match. Our approach was developed in conjunction with colleagues from the physical education field with expertise in soccer analysis. We validated the system utility using several matches together with expert evaluations.
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McAulay, Ian Charles. "Visual descriptors : a design tool for visual impact analysis." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2401.
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This study is concerned with the development of a practical and effective form of computer-aided analysis of the visual impact of building development in rural areas. Its contribution is fourfold. Firstly, a conceptual model has been developed for the process of seeing in the context of visual impact analysis. Secondly, a mathematical model for a consistent series of visual descriptors has been devised. Thirdly, a suitable design tool has been devised to make use of visual descriptors in visual impact analysis. Fourthly, visual descriptors have actually been implemented as computer software. The concept of visual impact analysis is defined and placed within the wider context of landscape research. The problems faced by a designer in the context of visual impact analysis are identified and the concept of a 'design tool' is introduced and defined. A number of existing computer software packages, intended or used for visual impact analysis, are reviewed critically. The concept of 'visual descriptors' as measures to be used by designers is introduced and examined critically. A conceptual model is presented for the process of seeing in the context of visual impact analysis. A range of possible measures for use as visual descriptors is presented and developed further into a series of precise definitions. A method of implementing visual descriptors is presented together with formal algorithms for the derivation of eight visual descriptors. A software package incorporating these descriptors is presented and verification and case studies of its use carried out. Visual descriptors, as implemented, are assessed for their effectiveness as a design tool for visual impact analysis.
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Griffin, Lewis Donald. "Descriptions of image structure." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309128.
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Aslam, Salman Muhammad. "Target tracking using residual vector quantization." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42883.
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In this work, our goal is to track visual targets using residual vector quantization (RVQ). We compare our results with principal components analysis (PCA) and tree structured vector quantization (TSVQ) based tracking.
This work is significant since PCA is commonly used in the Pattern Recognition, Machine Learning and Computer Vision communities. On the other hand, TSVQ is commonly used in the Signal Processing and data compression communities. RVQ with more than two stages has not received much attention due to the difficulty in producing stable designs. In this work, we bring together these different approaches into an integrated tracking framework and show that RVQ tracking performs best according to multiple criteria on publicly available datasets. Moreover, an advantage of our approach is a learning-based tracker that builds the target model while it tracks, thus avoiding the costly step of building target models prior to tracking.
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Ardila, Jimenez Silvia. "Analysis of visual responses in the mouse early visual pathway." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/43376.
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Many animals, including humans, rely on visual input to guide their behaviour and interact with their environment. The study of the visual system is prevalent in neuroscience, however, given the highly complex nature of the brain, we are yet to understand the full functionality of the system. In this study, we set out to explore different aspects of visual processing in the mouse early visual pathway, and how they compare to those in other mammals. In this thesis, we study two major brain structures in the early visual pathway, the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) in the thalamus, and the primary visual area (V1 or area 17) in the cortex. We aim to explore 3 different aspects of visual information processing in these areas. Firstly, the functional response characteristics of single neurons in the visual thalamus. Secondly, whether additional communication channels are used in thalamo-cortical interactions in the mouse. And lastly, the correlation of behaviour within neuronal population activity in visual cortex. We use data from two different experimental paradigms. One involves an anaesthetised preparation, recording extracellular potentials from the visual thalamus in isolation, or from the visual thalamus and the primary visual cortex simultaneously. The second involves an awake preparation in which animals were trained on a 'Go'/'NoGo' discrimination task and extracellular potentials were recorded from the primary visual cortex during behaviour. This project combines time-series analysis and information theoretical methods to analyse high dimensional multi-electrode array recordings. In addition to the analysis of experimental data, we also explore the practical and methodological implications of measuring communication through cross-frequency coupling and propose an alternative method to measure this phenomenon.
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Tresadern, Phil. "Visual analysis of articulated motion." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436970.
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Turkmani, Aseel. "Visual analysis of viseme dynamics." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2008. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/804944/.
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Face-to-face dialogue is the most natural mode of communication between humans. The combination of human visual perception of expression and perception in changes in intonation provides semantic information that communicates idea, feelings and concepts. The realistic modelling of speech movements, through automatic facial animation, and maintaining audio-visual coherence is still a challenge in both the computer graphics and film industry.
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Purdie, Cameron L. "Computer aided visual impact analysis." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385519.
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Maushagen, Jan. "Visual Analysis of Publication Networks." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap (DV), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-27487.
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This thesis documents the development of a web-application attacking the problem of visualization of co-authorship networks. The visualization encompasses several views.Each of them shows different aspects of the data which is loaded from Academic Archive Online (DiVa), a library system which holds all publications released in the Linnaeus University. To detect relationships among authors, a new interactive layout for Node-Link Diagrams was developed which shows publications, authors and corresponding organizations (faculties, departments) in a radial manner. This Network-View is connected to another view showing the attributes (year, type) of the publications. In development, particular emphasis was placed on a rich support of user interaction in order to equip the user with a tool that allows graphical and explorative analysis of the underlying data.
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Rayar, Frédéric. "Exploration interactive, incrémentale et multi-niveau de larges collections d'images." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR4012/document.
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Les travaux de recherche présentés et discutés dans cette thèse s’intéressent aux grandes collections d’images numériques. Plus particulièrement, nous cherchons à donner à un utilisateur la possibilité d’explorer ces collections d’images, soit dans le but d’en extraire de l’information et de la connaissance, soit de permettre une certaine sérendipité dans l’exploration. Ainsi, cette problématique est abordée du point de vue de l’analyse et l’exploration interactive des données. Nous tirons profit du paradigme de navigation par similarité et visons à respecter simultanément les trois contraintes suivantes : (i) traiter de grandes collections d’images, (ii) traiter des collections dont le nombre d’images ne cesse de croître au cours du temps et (iii) donner des moyens d’explorer interactivement des collections d’images. Pour ce faire, nous proposons d’effectuer une étude conjointe de l’indexation et de la visualisation de grandes collections d’images qui s’agrandissent au cours du tempsThe research work that is presented and discussed in this thesis focuses on large and evergrowing image collections. More specifically, we aim at providing one the possibility to explore such image collections, either to extract some kind of information and knowledge, or to wander in the collections. This thesis addresses this issue from the perspective of Interactive Data Exploration and Analytics. We take advantage of the similarity-based image collection browsing paradigm and aim at meeting simultaneously the three following constraints: (i) handling large image collections, up to millions of images, (ii) handling dynamic image collections, to deal with ever-growing image collections, and (iii) providing interactive means to explore image collections. To do so, we jointly study the indexing and the interactive visualisation of large and ever-growing image collections
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Shrivastava, Abhinav. "Discovering and Leveraging Visual Structure for Large-Scale Recognation." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1060.
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Pålsson, Nicholas. "Guiding the viewer using visual components : Eye-tracking for visual analysis." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för konst, kommunikation och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74563.
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Are there ways to assess the objective value of the image? By first breaking down visual components and visual structure that are commonly used in image construction, this report will try to predict how a audience chooses to view an image. Through eye-tracking technology using a webcam to track the subjects' eye movement, these visual components validation will be tested. The result is presented as heatmaps; which illustrate the point of attention of the audience. The result is then compared with a hypothesis that was compiled in preparation for the examination. The result of the survey shows that potential off using eye-tracking for analysis, though the technology of using a web camera might not be the most suitable.
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Ferm, Andreas. "Visual attention analysis using eyetracker data." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-95333.
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Little research has been done on the task of how a person searches for images when presented with a set of images, typically those presented by image search engines. By investigating the properties we might be able to present the images in a different manner to ease the users search for the image he/she is looking for. The work was performed at Chiba University under the supervision of Norimichi Tsumura and Reiner Lenz. I created an experimental platform which first showed a target image and then a 7 × 4 grid in which the users task would be to locate the target image. The experiment data was recorded with a NAC EMR-8B eyetracker that saved the data as both a video and serial data stream. The data was later used to extract certain characteristics for different image sets, like how the eye fixates, and how different image sets affect the scan. The initial place where the user started his/her search was dependent on where the user previously was fixating. It was also more probable that subsequent fixations were placed in a close proximity to the previous fixation. My results also show that the search task was slightly faster when images where placed with a high contrast between neighboring images, i.e. dark images next to bright ones etc.
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Mannan, Sabira Khanam. "The visual analysis of complex scenes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321654.
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Wilson, Andrew David. "Learning visual behavior for gesture analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62924.
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Chung, HaeYong. "Designing Display Ecologies for Visual Analysis." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52042.
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The current proliferation of connected displays and mobile devices from smart phones and tablets to wall-sized displays presents a number of exciting opportunities for information visualization and visual analytics. When a user employs heterogeneous displays collaboratively to achieve a goal, they form what is known as a display ecology. The display ecology enables multiple displays to function in concert within a broader technological environment to accomplish tasks and goals. However, since information and tasks are scattered and disconnected among separate displays, one of the inherent challenges associated with visual analysis in display ecologies is enabling users to seamlessly coordinate and subsequently connect and integrate information across displays. This research primarily addresses these challenges through the creation of interaction and visualization techniques and systems for display ecologies in order to support sensemaking with visual analysis.
This dissertation explores essential visual analysis activities and design considerations for visual analysis in order to inform the new design of display ecologies for visual analysis. Based on identified design considerations, we then designed and developed two visual analysis systems. First, VisPorter supports intuitive gesture interactions for sharing and integrating information in a display ecology. Second, the Spatially Aware Visual Links (SAViL) presents a cross-display visual link technique capable of guiding the user's attention to relevant information across displays. It also enables the user to visually connect related information over displays in order to facilitate synthesizing information scattered over separate displays and devices. The various aspects associated with the techniques described herein help users to transform and empower the multiple displays in a display ecology for enhanced visual analysis and sensemaking.Ph. D.
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Oikonomopoulos, Antonios. "Spatiotemporal visual analysis of human actions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/5871.
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In this dissertation we propose four methods for the recognition of human activities. In all four of them, the representation of the activities is based on spatiotemporal features that are automatically detected at areas where there is a significant amount of independent motion, that is, motion that is due to ongoing activities in the scene. We propose the use of spatiotemporal salient points as features throughout this dissertation. The algorithms presented, however, can be used with any kind of features, as long as the latter are well localized and have a well-defined area of support in space and time. We introduce the utilized spatiotemporal salient points in the first method presented in this dissertation. By extending previous work on spatial saliency, we measure the variations in the information content of pixel neighborhoods both in space and time, and detect the points at the locations and scales for which this information content is locally maximized. In this way, an activity is represented as a collection of spatiotemporal salient points. We propose an iterative linear space-time warping technique in order to align the representations in space and time and propose to use Relevance Vector Machines (RVM) in order to classify each example into an action category. In the second method proposed in this dissertation we propose to enhance the acquired representations of the first method. More specifically, we propose to track each detected point in time, and create representations based on sets of trajectories, where each trajectory expresses how the information engulfed by each salient point evolves over time. In order to deal with imperfect localization of the detected points, we augment the observation model of the tracker with background information, acquired using a fully automatic background estimation algorithm. In this way, the tracker favors solutions that contain a large number of foreground pixels. In addition, we perform experiments where the tracked templates are localized on specific parts of the body, like the hands and the head, and we further augment the tracker’s observation model using a human skin color model. Finally, we use a variant of the Longest Common Subsequence algorithm (LCSS) in order to acquire a similarity measure between the resulting trajectory representations, and RVMs for classification. In the third method that we propose, we assume that neighboring salient points follow a similar motion. This is in contrast to the previous method, where each salient point was tracked independently of its neighbors. More specifically, we propose to extract a novel set of visual descriptors that are based on geometrical properties of three-dimensional piece-wise polynomials. The latter are fitted on the spatiotemporal locations of salient points that fall within local spatiotemporal neighborhoods, and are assumed to follow a similar motion. The extracted descriptors are invariant in translation and scaling in space-time. Coupling the neighborhood dimensions to the scale at which the corresponding spatiotemporal salient points are detected ensures the latter. The descriptors that are extracted across the whole dataset are subsequently clustered in order to create a codebook, which is used in order to represent the overall motion of the subjects within small temporal windows.Finally,we use boosting in order to select the most discriminative of these windows for each class, and RVMs for classification. The fourth and last method addresses the joint problem of localization and recognition of human activities depicted in unsegmented image sequences. Its main contribution is the use of an implicit representation of the spatiotemporal shape of the activity, which relies on the spatiotemporal localization of characteristic ensembles of spatiotemporal features. The latter are localized around automatically detected salient points. Evidence for the spatiotemporal localization of the activity is accumulated in a probabilistic spatiotemporal voting scheme. During training, we use boosting in order to create codebooks of characteristic feature ensembles for each class. Subsequently, we construct class-specific spatiotemporal models, which encode where in space and time each codeword ensemble appears in the training set. During testing, each activated codeword ensemble casts probabilistic votes concerning the spatiotemporal localization of the activity, according to the information stored during training. We use a Mean Shift Mode estimation algorithm in order to extract the most probable hypotheses from each resulting voting space. Each hypothesis corresponds to a spatiotemporal volume which potentially engulfs the activity, and is verified by performing action category classification with an RVM classifier.
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Cerutti, Lisa. "Visual grounded analysis : developing and testing a method for preliminary visual research." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2017. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/1471/.
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Approaching a new design project by performing preliminary visual research is a common practice in educational and studio settings, particularly in Jewellery and Fashion Design. Collecting images around a given subject or theme - for better understanding its visual traits, or for future reference - could be seen as the counterpart, in visual terms, of a literature search. However, ‘visual research’ is an expression often used rather vaguely for indicating a spectrum of unstructured methodological approaches, whose procedures and underlying assumptions tend to remain unexplained, undisclosed or unquestioned in everyday studio practice. When creative practice becomes an integral part of academic research, though, there is an increased need for rigor and explicitness regarding every aspect about it, including all the work preliminary to it. This research aims to develop and test a systematic method for conducting and documenting visual research in the preliminary stages of the design process, contributing to new knowledge in the form of a new visual method, also applicable as a design tool. A reflection on the vagueness and implicitness of the Intuitive Approach (IA) to visual research adopted in the initial stage of this PhD motivated the search for an alternative method that could make transparent and rigorous the taken-for-granted, subjective assumptions behind the research initially conducted. The iterative and data-driven nature of the IA oriented the methodological quest towards established qualitative approaches in the Social Sciences, focusing on Emergent Methods and Grounded Theory. By translating and adapting some of their procedures to suit a visual context, a new method, Grounded Visual Analysis (GVA), has been developed and tested, revealing its suitability for achieving a higher degree of explicitness and systematicity in the process of data collection and analysis, and increasing the richness of the visual patterns elicited from the data, thus their potential for stimulating reflective practice. The development of GVA is offered as the major contribution to knowledge of this research, together with its application on a practical case as the demonstration of its double functioning, either as a reflective method for conducting visual research in the preparatory phase of the design process, and as a design tool for stimulating the generation of new ideas and design briefs.
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Loh, Angeline M. "The recovery of 3-D structure using visual texture patterns." University of Western Australia, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0101.
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[Truncated abstract] One common task in Computer Vision is the estimation of three-dimensional surface shape from two-dimensional images. This task is important as a precursor to higher level tasks such as object recognition - since shape of an object gives clues to what the object is - and object modelling for graphics. Many visual cues have been suggested in the literature to provide shape information, including the shading of an object, its occluding contours (the outline of the object that slants away from the viewer) and its appearance from two or more views. If the image exhibits a significant amount of texture, then this too may be used as a shape cue. Here, ‘texture’ is taken to mean the pattern on the surface of the object, such as the dots on a pear, or the tartan pattern on a tablecloth. This problem of estimating the shape of an object based on its texture is referred to as shape-form-texture and it is the subject of this thesis . . . The work in this thesis is likely to impact in a number of ways. The second shape-form-texture algorithm provides one of the most general solutions to the problem. On the other hand, if the assumptions of the first shape-form-texture algorithm are met, this algorithm provides an extremely usable method, in that users should be able to input images of textured objects and click on the frontal texture to quickly reconstruct a fairly good estimation of the surface. And lastly, the algorithm for estimating the transformation between textures can be used as a part of many shape-form-texture algorithms, as well as being useful in other areas of Computer Vision. This thesis gives two examples of other applications for the method: re-texturing an object and placing objects in a scene.
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Schulz, D. P. A. "The structure of functional connectivity in cat primary visual cortex." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1394406/.
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The key to understanding how the brain works is to understand the computations it performs. The structure of anatomical and functional connectivity determines what the brain can compute and how it does so. Correlations have served as a tool for analysing connectivity for over five decades. The mammalian visual cortex has become the most intensively researched cortical area and is unmatched for our knowledge of its anatomical layout and, most importantly, stimulus selectivity. Furthermore, recent perspectives on correlations have arisen from information theory and network models of the brain. The purpose of this dissertation is to determine the precise structure of functional connectivity in cat primary visual cortex. We aim to contribute to and extend previous work by analysing the structure of neural responses and correlations during spontaneous activity, the presentation of artificial stimuli and the presentation of natural stimuli. We report on a comprehensive set of twenty functional and neurophysiological factors, and reveal how previously unexplored factors govern correlations in visual cortex in vivo. Furthermore we find novel functional relationships between factors governing the responses of neurons, and report on a set of properties which allow to distinguish narrow from broad spiking cells. Much attention is devoted to the precise functional dependency of correlations upon firing rate, with the development of methods to remove the firing rate modulation. We show that timescale is an important determinant of correlations, and that natural stimuli generate different correlations than artificial stimuli. We also show that during spontaneous activity, neurons are more likely to fire together if they are tuned to a similar orientation. These results emphasize that both spontaneous and stimulus driven cortical activity contain rich structure that is far from a decorrelated state.
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Božić, Mirjana. "Morphological structure in visual word recognition : behavioural and neuroimaging evidence." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614134.
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Silva, Bruno Marques Ferreira da. "Odometria visual baseada em t?cnicas de structure from motion." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15364.
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Visual Odometry is the process that estimates camera position and orientation based solely on images and in features (projections of visual landmarks present in the scene) extraced from them. With the increasing advance of Computer Vision algorithms and computer processing power, the subarea known as Structure from Motion (SFM) started to supply mathematical tools composing localization systems for robotics and Augmented Reality applications, in contrast with its initial purpose of being used in inherently offline solutions aiming 3D reconstruction and image based modelling. In that way, this work proposes a pipeline to obtain relative position featuring a previously calibrated camera as positional sensor and based entirely on models and algorithms from SFM. Techniques usually applied in camera localization systems such as Kalman filters and particle filters are not used, making unnecessary additional information like probabilistic models for camera state transition. Experiments assessing both 3D reconstruction quality and camera position estimated by the system were performed, in which image sequences captured in reallistic scenarios were processed and compared to localization data gathered from a mobile robotic platform
Odometria Visual ? o processo pelo qual consegue-se obter a posi??o e orienta??o de uma c?mera, baseado somente em imagens e consequentemente, em caracter?sticas (proje??es de marcos visuais da cena) nelas contidas. Com o avan?o nos algoritmos e no poder de processamento dos computadores, a sub?rea de Vis?o Computacional denominada de Structure from Motion (SFM) passou a fornecer ferramentas que comp?em sistemas de localiza??o visando aplica??es como rob?tica e Realidade Aumentada, em contraste com o seu prop?sito inicial de ser usada em aplica??es predominantemente offline como reconstru??o 3D e modelagem baseada em imagens. Sendo assim, este trabalho prop?e um pipeline de obten??o de posi??o relativa que tem como caracter?sticas fazer uso de uma ?nica c?mera calibrada como sensor posicional e ser baseado interamente nos modelos e algoritmos de SFM. T?cnicas usualmente presentes em sistemas de localiza??o de c?mera como filtros de Kalman e filtros de part?culas n?o s?o empregadas, dispensando que informa??es adicionais como um modelo probabil?stico de transi??o de estados para a c?mera sejam necess?rias. Experimentos foram realizados com o prop?sito de avaliar tanto a reconstru??o 3D quanto a posi??o de c?mera retornada pelo sistema, atrav?s de sequ?ncias de imagens capturadas em ambientes reais de opera??o e compara??es com um ground truth fornecido pelos dados do od?metro de uma plataforma rob?tica