Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Analytical Network Process (ANP)'

The thesis is concerned with Multi-Criteria Decision Making, in particular the Analytic Network Process method. The introductory part is dedicated to compile all the theory necessary to understand the method and utilized throughout the paper. The Analytic Hierarchy Process method is described and later generalized in the form of the ANP. Part of the paper is a description of available software products that are able to solve the ANP models. The main focus is on the application of the method, the usability and efficiency of possible use in macroeconomics is tested. In the third chapter a macroeconomic forecasting model is developed in cooperation with experts. The results of this model are compared with the best available up-to-date forecasts by local and international institutions.

Decision making processes of natural resources for sustainable development are very complex processes that contain large amounts of contradicting criteria and alternatives and/or objectives. Hence efficiency of planning and decision making is highly dependent on the structure of the decision problems. In this re-spect Multi Criteria Decision Aid (MCDA) is the most widely used method. Particularly GIS-based MCDA using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a well-known method in this respect. However, there are interrelationships and interdependences among problems of the real world. As a result, many spatial problems cannot be structured hierarchally because the importance of the criteria determines the importance of the alternatives, and the importance of the alternatives also determines the importance of the criteria. Analytical Network Process (ANP) based MCDA is a new planning and decision making ap-proach that allows the decision problem to be modeled considering feedbacks and interdependence among criteria. This study critically reviews GIS-based MCDA using the AHP method and the ANP based MCDA method and forwarded recommendations for future works. To attain this, practical decision making processes were used of urban form selection for a sustainable development of the Stockholm region. For this purpose literature was reviewed, separate methodologies were developed, criteria were formulated to be analyzed using GIS and SuperDecision software‟s, and finally reasonable results were achieved and separately presented to critically evaluate both the methods and the outcome. This study showed that GIS has the potential to be an important decision aid tool, that the ANP seems to give more realistic results than the GIS-based MCDA method, and that a compact scenario that over time follows already established polycentric pattern would be the best alternative urban form for a sustainable develop-ment of Greater Stockholm.

Telecommunications infrastructure is recognised as the fundamental factor for economic and social development for it is the platform of communication and transaction within and beyond geographical boundaries. It is a necessity for social benefits, growth, connection and competition, more in the rural communities in developing countries. Its acquisition entails great investment, considering the emergence of various technologies and thereby making the selection a critical task. The research described in this thesis is concerned with a comprehensive examination and analytical procedures on the selection of technologies, for rural telecommunications infrastructure. A structured systematic approach is deemed necessary to reduce the time and effort in the decision-making process. A literature review was carried out to explore the knowledge in the areas of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approaches, with particular focus on the analytical decision processes. The findings indicate that, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)/AnalyticNetwork Process (ANP) are powerful decision methods capable of modelling such acomplex problem. Primarily, an AHP model is formulated, however, since the problem at hand involves many interactions and dependencies, a more holistic method is required to overcome its shortcomings by allowing for dependencies and feedback within the structure. Hence, the ANP is adopted and its network is established to represent the problem, making way to telecommunications experts to provide their judgements on the elements within the structure. The data collected are used to estimate the relative influence from which the overall synthesise is derived, forming a general ANP model for such a rural telecommunications selection problem. To provide a more wide-ranging investigation regarding selecting a potential rural telecommunications infrastructure, another systematic analysis that utilises a BOCR-based (Benefits, Opportunities, Costs and Risks) ANP was conducted. The obtained results indicate that Microwave technology is the most preferred alternative within the context of the developing countries. Sensitivity analysis was performed to show robustness of the obtained results. This framework provides the structure and the flexibility required for such decisions. It enables decision makers to examine the strengths and weaknesses of the problem, by comparing several technology options, with respect to appropriate gauge for judgement. Moreover, using the ANP, the criteria for such a technology selection task were clearly identified and the problem was structured systematically. A case study was carried out in Libya involving its main telecommunications infrastructure provider to demonstrate how such rural technology selection decisions can be made within a specific developing country's rural area. Based on the results of this case study that were in agreement with the focus group's expectations, it can be concluded that the application of the ANP in the selection of telecommunications technology, is indeed beneficial. In addition, it is believed that telecommunications planners could, by the use of data pertaining to another rural area, utilise the developed model to propose appropriate solutions. If new criteria and/or alternatives emerge to satisfy changing business needs, they can also be included in the ANP model.

Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-10-18T18:37:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese_Rafaela L. Medeiros.pdf: 4587592 bytes, checksum: 006ea660e1dfbb676df7e9ccba102f07 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-10-18T18:38:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese_Rafaela L. Medeiros.pdf: 4587592 bytes, checksum: 006ea660e1dfbb676df7e9ccba102f07 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-18T18:38:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese_Rafaela L. Medeiros.pdf: 4587592 bytes, checksum: 006ea660e1dfbb676df7e9ccba102f07 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-23
CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The increasing number of biotechnological research in the global and Brazilian context and the scarcity of public and private resources for investments in research and development make it critical for the actors of the national innovation system to adopt evaluation methodologies and research selection With greater innovative potential for prioritization in the allocation of resources and reduction of the risk of investment or return of the financial contribution. However, innovation, as it is directly linked to the promotion of sustainability, has the function of transforming the products and technologies used by society throughout the production chain of goods and services necessary for human consumption. In this way, sustainable innovation is the development of new products, processes, services and technologies that contribute to economic development and meeting human and institutional needs, respecting natural resources and their regenerative capacity. In this context, the problem of the present research was how to evaluate the potential for sustainable innovation of biotechnological scientific research. Therefore, the main objective was to develop an index for assessing the potential for sustainable innovation in scientific research in the field of biotechnology. To accomplish this mission, the research was divided into three distinct phases. The first one consisted in the selection of the conceptual model of the index, and the Cubo Sustainable Innovation framework was chosen because it is the most robust approach in the treatment of the effects generated by innovations orientated towards sustainability. The second step was the application of the multicriteria Analytic Network Process (ANP) to the chosen framework with the objective of making the practical use of the index possible. The third step was the practical application of the index in three different case studies. In the first case study, scientific researches were carried out to obtain and use the purple starch (Dioscorea trifida L.f) with a focus on the application of food supplements, since the evaluating company was the Complevida Produtos Naturais, which operates in this segment. In the second case study, the evaluated researches had as objective the production of bioactive extracts of agroindustrial residues of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.) for the manufacture of cosmetics. These surveys were evaluated by Cheiro D'Folha da Amazônia, a small company in the cosmetics sector. The third case study was carried out with the company QLuz Ecoenergia evaluating scientific research for the production of bioactive extracts of açaí agroindustrial waste (Euterpe Olereace and Euterpe Precatoria). The scientific research to obtain the purple starch obtained the score of 57.2%, the highest among those evaluated, followed by the researches of bioactive extracts of agroindustrial residues of buriti (48%) and açaí (39.6%), . The most relevant criteria were Technology, Culture, Consumption and Production and Logistics. The results showed that the scientific researches in biotechnology carried out by researchers linked to the Multi-Institutional Biotechnology Graduate Program in the Federal University of Amazonas have significant innovative potential potential, but they need adjustments to be feasible to be Produced and marketed on a production scale appropriate to the needs of the consumer markets. The main suggestions for improving the innovative potential of the research were: the construction of production units and processing of purple and / or agroindustrial residues of açaí or buriti; The promotion of marketing based on the functional properties of food and cosmetics; The participation of local communities, cooperatives or small producers as beneficiaries of the purple or agro-industrial waste of açaí or buriti; And the creation of stamps of origin linked to the Federal University of Amazonas.
O número crescente de pesquisas biotecnológicas, no contexto global e brasileiro, e a escassez de recursos públicos e privados para investimentos em atividades de pesquisa e desenvolvimento, tornam crítico para os atores do sistema de inovação nacional a adoção de metodologias de avaliação e seleção de pesquisas com maior potencial inovador para priorização na alocação de recursos e redução do risco de investimento ou retorno do aporte financeiro. No entanto, a inovação por estar diretamente ligada à promoção da sustentabilidade exerce função de transformação dos produtos e tecnologias utilizadas pela sociedade ao longo da cadeia produtiva de bens e serviços necessários ao consumo humano. Desta forma, inovação sustentável é o desenvolvimento de novos produtos, processos, serviços e tecnologias que contribuem para o desenvolvimento econômico e atendimento das necessidades humanas e institucionais, respeitando os recursos naturais e sua capacidade regenerativa. Neste contexto, o problema da presente pesquisa foi como avaliar o potencial de inovação sustentável das pesquisas científicas biotecnológicas. Logo, o objetivo principal foi elaborar um índice para avaliação do potencial de inovação sustentável de pesquisas científicas no campo da biotecnologia. Para realizar essa missão, a pesquisa foi dividida em três fases distintas. A primeira consistiu na seleção do modelo conceitual do índice, tendo sido escolhido o framework Cubo da Inovação Sustentável por ser a abordagem mais robusta no tratamento dos efeitos gerados por inovações orientadas para a sustentabilidade. A segunda etapa foi a aplicação do método multicritério Analytic Network Process (ANP) ao framework escolhido com o objetivo de viabilizar o uso prático do índice. Já a terceira etapa foi a aplicação prática do índice em três estudos de casos distintos. No primeiro estudo de caso foram avaliadas pesquisas científicas para obtenção e uso da fécula do cará-roxo (Dioscorea trifida L.f) com enfoque na aplicação em complementos alimentares, pois a empresa avaliadora foi a Complevida Produtos Naturais que atua nesse segmento. No segundo estudo de caso, as pesquisas avaliadas tinham como objetivo a produção de extratos bioativos de resíduos agroindustriais do buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.) para fabricação de cosméticos. Estas pesquisas foram avaliadas pela Cheiro D’Folha da Amazônia, uma empresa de pequeno porte do setor de cosméticos. O terceiro estudo de caso foi realizado com a empresa QLuz Ecoenergia avaliando pesquisas científicas para produção de extratos bioativos de resíduos agroindustriais do açaí (Euterpe Olereace e Euterpe Precatoria). A pesquisa científica para obtenção da fécula do cará-roxo obteve a pontuação de 57,2%, a mais elevada dentre as avaliadas, seguida pelas pesquisas de extratos bioativos de resíduos agroindustriais de buriti (48%) e açaí (39,6%). Já os critérios mais relevantes foram Tecnologia, Cultura, Consumo e Produção e Logística. Os resultados mostraram que as pesquisas científicas em biotecnologia realizadas por pesquisadores vinculados ao Programa Multi-Institucional de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (PPGBIOTEC/UFAM) possuem potencial inovador sustentável significativo, mas precisam de ajustes para que sejam viáveis de serem produzidas e comercializadas em uma escala de produção adequada para as necessidades dos mercados consumidores. As principais sugestões para melhoria do potencial inovador das pesquisas foram: a construção de unidades modelos de produção e beneficiamento de cará-roxo e/ou resíduos agroindustriais de açaí ou buriti; a promoção de um marketing baseado nas propriedades funcionais de alimentos e cosméticos; a participação de comunidades, cooperativas ou pequenos produtores locais como beneficiadores do cará-roxo ou dos resíduos agroindustriais do açaí ou buriti; e a criação de selos de procedência vinculados à Universidade Federal do Amazonas.

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial
In order to cope up with a volatile and scarce environment, companies have had to adopt new ways of thinking. One of them is embracing Supply Chain Management (SCM) and considering it as a crucial asset if willing to compete in the marketplace. In the context of SCM, it is important to understand how Lean and Agile SCM paradigms are adopted as means of achieving an efficient Supply Chain (SC). Besides the mentioned paradigms, many Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and management practices come along with SCM, and it is important that SC managers identify the ones that bring the most competitive advantages. This dissertation intends to design a model based on the Analytic Network Process (ANP) in order to assist SC managers from different entities of a pharmaceutical SC in exploring efficient decisions to be made, with respect to KPIs and management practices, as means of achieving a highly competitive SC.

Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autor
Establecer con la recolección de datos para detectar los cuellos de botella que se generan en la cadena de abastecimiento. En respuesta a esta necesidad y buscando satisfacer varios criterios, se propone un modelo de evaluación aplicando el método de toma de decisiones multicriterios Analytic Network Process ANP (Proceso Analítico en Red), con el objetivo de seleccionar al mejor proveedor en una empresa del sector retail, optimizar las ineficiencias y mejorar los procesos; luego modelar con el software Superdecisions (herramienta para construir modelos de problemas multicriterios). Finalmente evaluamos los diferentes criterios y alternativas, de manera que obtengamos soporte para tomar decisiones.
Trabajo de suficiencia profesional

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial
The world and the information technology in general has in recent years undergone a major transformation due to rapid technological innovations that became universally available to all. These innovations that are constantly being introduced bring an increasing ease of access, use, mobility and other gains which in turn are also facilitators to illegal activities, allowing for the acquisition of products that are identical to the original without there being any loss of quality in the copy process. This led to technologies that were created in order to prevent such practices of digital piracy and give more control to those who own the intellectual property rights, known as Digital Rights Management (DRM) technologies. The application of these technologies has brought new problems, such as excessive restrictions that do not satisfy consumers and may harm society in general by restricting the freedom of use and exchange of ideas. Although there is scientific work on this issue, there has never been applied a multi-criteria analysis to assist in the decision making of what could be the best solution to reduce digital piracy. By developing an analytical network process (ANP) model with analysis of benefits, opportunities, costs and risks (BOCR), this dissertation seeks to fill the gap in the scientific community with the implementation of a multi-criteria decision making process to determine the best alternative for this problem. Finally, in this dissertation there is also a practical application of the developed model in the national digital books area.

A pesar de la importancia de los parques nacionales para la conservación de la biodiversidad y de paisajes únicos y representativos de la biosfera, la gestión de muchas de estas áreas enfrentan serias dificultades, determinadas por una variedad de deficiencias, entre las cuales destacan sistemas de monitoreo que no abordan de manera integral sus principales problemas de gestión. La presente investigación examina los factores influyentes dentro de la efectividad de manejo de estas áreas, utilizando las metodologías DPSIR, ANP y ARS, con miras a proponer nuevos enfoques metodológicos que contribuyan a incrementar la eficiencia en pro del cumplimiento de sus objetivos de conservación. El enfoque DPSIR permitirá organizar un conjunto de factores influyentes a considerar en el sistema de gestión y aclara las relaciones de causa-efecto hacia una gestión más eficaz y eficiente, mediante la identificación de las fuerzas motrices, presiones, estado, impactos y respuestas en el sistema de gestión. El Proceso Analítico de Redes (ANP) se utiliza para modelar el problema de decisión y la red de criterios y alternativas estructuradas en grupos, a fin de priorizar su importancia en función de los objetivos de manejo. Este enfoque proporciona un lenguaje común de gestión para una mejor integración del sistema de gestión en los otros sistemas de la administración pública, con la activa participación de los principales actores, incluyendo las comunidades locales. El Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS) servirá para describir las relaciones existentes entre todos los actores vinculados entre sí en forma significativa con el manejo y conservación del área protegida, documentando los patrones estructurales que surgen entre ellos dentro de la compleja red de interacciones del Parque Nacional, con influencia o autoridad en su manejo.
Díaz Martín, D. (2015). Aplicación de las metodologias DPSIR, ANP y ARS en el manejo y conservacion del Parque Nacional Waraira Repano, Venezuela [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/48804
TESIS

Network screening and countermeasure selection are two crucial steps in the highway improvement process. In network screening, potential improvement locations are ranked and prioritized based on a specific method with a set of criteria. The most common practice by transportation agencies has been to use a simple scoring method, which, in general, weighs and scores each criterion and then ranks the locations based on their relative overall scoring. The method does not deal well with criteria that are qualitative in nature, nor does it account for the impacts of correlation among the criteria. The introduction of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) provides agencies with a method to include both quantitative and qualitative criteria. However, it does not address the issue on correlation. This dissertation explores the use of both Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP) for their potential capabilities to address both issues. Using urban four-lane divided highways in Florida for bicycle safety improvements, both ANP and FANP were shown to provide more reasonable rankings than AHP, with FANP providing the best results among the methods. After the locations are ranked and prioritized for improvements, the next step is to evaluate the potential countermeasures for improvements at the selected top-ranked locations. In this step, the standard practice has been to use Crash Modification Factors (CMFs) to quantify the potential impacts from implementing specific countermeasures. In this research, CMFs for bicycle crashes on urban facilities in Florida were developed using the Generalized Linear Model approach with a Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) distribution. The CMFs were tested for their spatial and temporal transferability and the results show only limited transferability both spatially and temporally. The CMFs show that, in general, wider lanes, lower speed limits, and presence of vegetation in the median reduce bicycle crashes, while presence of sidewalk and sidewalk barrier increase bicycle crashes. The research further considered bicycle exposure using the bicycle activity data from the Strava smartphone application. It was found that increased bicycle activity reduces bicycle crash probabilities on segments but increases bicycle crash probabilities at signalized intersections. Also, presence of bus stops and use of permissive signal phasing at intersections were found to increase bicycle crash probabilities.

[ES] Las áreas naturales protegidas del Ecuador enfrentan varias amenazas ambientales, de entre las cuales, el pastoreo es una de las más graves en varios Parques Nacionales (PN), incluyendo el Parque Nacional Cotopaxi (PNC). Desde la gestión de algunos parques nacionales se están proponiendo alternativas de acción para compaginar los objetivos de conservación ambiental de los PN con el pastoreo, al mismo tiempo que se promueve el desarrollo social y económico de los ganaderos del lugar y de otros actores sociales que dependen de los recursos naturales del PNC. En este contexto se enmarca la propuesta de esta tesis para la evaluación participativa de la sostenibilidad del pastoreo en los PN. Para elaborar la metodología de trabajo, que se aplica al PNC pero se propone extenderla a otros PN comparables, se han utilizado tres conocidas herramientas: el Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS), el Análisis de Poder (AP) y el Proceso Analítico de Red (Analytic Network Process, ANP). El ARS fue aplicado para obtener la red social que modela el pastoreo en el PNC. Esta técnica permitió identificar hasta 169 actores relacionados con la sostenibilidad del pastoreo en el PNC. De estos, 39 pudieron ser entrevistados y el resto hubo que descartarlos por diversos motivos. El ARS permitió evaluar la importancia el intercambio de información sobre el pastoreo entre los diferentes actores, así como también sus vínculos y flujos de información. El AP fue desarrollado para completar la estimación de la importancia de los actores evaluados. Se analizaron los poderes visible, oculto e invisible para conocer el poder real de los actores. Esto permitirá elegir a los actores más influyentes para la participación en la evaluación de la sostenibilidad del pastoreo en el PNC. Y por otro lado, el AP permite estudiar qué pasaría si el poder de estos actores se incluyera en el modelo de evaluación participativa desarrollado con ANP. El ANP permite modelar un problema de evaluación como un problema de decisión, incluyendo las diversas variables o criterios que determinan la sostenibilidad del pastoreo. También permite incluir a los actores sociales en la evaluación de las alternativas de solución. En la metodología presentada, un panel de expertos en manejo de áreas naturales determinó el modelo de evaluación, esto es, la red de criterios de valoración y las alternativas de solución agrupadas en clústeres. Y un panel con los actores elegidos tras la aplicación del ARS y el AP evaluó la importancia de los criterios y la sostenibilidad de las alternativas. Los resultados de la investigación confirman que los actores sociales tienen diferentes intereses, sensibilidades y formas de comprender la sostenibilidad. Además se pudo identificar estos intereses y estimar su importancia. Gracias a la aplicación del modelo ANP, los actores que participaron comprenden mejor sus juicios y los de los otros actores. Así, una participación mejor fundada fue obtenida y el consenso, o al menos acuerdos generales, son más probables. También, se consiguió un mayor compromiso hacia el objetivo general de conservación del PNC, ya que el modelo de decisión facilita el diseño de alternativas de solución para disminuir el posible perjuicio para algunos actores, o para el ambiente. Finalmente, en relación a los resultados, para el caso de la sostenibilidad del pastoreo en el PNC, los principales criterios que deben ser tenidos en cuenta son: Contaminación atmosférica debido a la quema de pajonales, y Contaminación de aguas superficiales, y entre las estrategias para llevar a cabo un pastoreo más sostenible son: Desarrollo de alternativas productivas al pastoreo y Control de ingreso del ganado/Delimitación física del parque.
[CA] Les àrees naturals protegides de l'Equador, enfronten diverses amenaces ambientals, d'entre les quals, el pasturatge és una de les més greus en diversos Parcs Nacionals (PN), incloent el Parc Nacional Cotopaxi (PNC). Des de la gestió d'alguns parcs nacionals s'estan proposant alternatives d'acció per compaginar els objectius de conservació ambiental dels PN amb la pastura, al mateix temps que es promou el desenvolupament social i econòmic dels ramaders del lloc i d'altres actors socials que depenen dels recursos naturals del PNC. En aquest context s'emmarca la proposta d'aquesta tesi per a l'avaluació participativa de la sostenibilitat del pasturatge en els PN. Per elaborar la metodologia de treball, que s'aplica a l'PNC però es proposa estendre-la a altres PN comparables, s'han utilitzat tres cnocidas eines: de l'anàlisi de xarxes socials (ARS), l'Anàlisi de Poder (AP) i Procés Analític de Xarxa (Analytic Network Process, ANP). El ARS va ser aplicat per obtenir la xarxa social que modela el pasturatge en el PNC. Aquesta tècnica va permetre identificar fins a 169 actors relacionats amb la sotenibilitat del pasturatge en el PNC. D'aquests, 39 van poder ser entrevistats i la resta va caldre descartar-los per diversos motius. El ARS va permetre avaluar la importància dels actors per a la comunicaió sobre el pasturatge, així com també els seus vincles i fluxos d'informació. El AP va ser desenvolupat per completar l'estimació de la importància dels actors avaluats. Es van analitzar, els poders visible, ocult i invisible per conèixer el poder real dels actors. Això permetrà elegir els actors més influents per a la participació en l'avaluació de la sostenibilitat del pasturatge en el PNC. I d'altra banda, permet estudiar què passaria si el poder d'aquests actors s'inclogués en el model d'avaluació participativa desenvolupat amb ANP. El ANP permet modelar un problema d'avaluació com un problema de decisió, incloent les diverses variables o criteris que determinen la sostenibilitat del pasturatge, i incloure als actors socials en l'avaluació de les alternatives de solució. En la metodologia presentada, un panell d'experts en maneig d'àrees naturals va determinar el model d'avaluació, això és la xarxa de criteris de valoració i les alternatives de solució agrupades en clústers. I un panell amb els actors triats després de l'aplicació de l'ARS i el AP va avaluar la importància dels criteris i la sostenibilitat de les alternatives. Els resultats de la investigació confirmen que els actors socials tenen diferents interessos, sensibilitats i formes de comprendre la sostenibilitat. A més es va poder identificar aquests interessos i estimar la seva importància. Gràcies a l'aplicació del model ANP, els actors que van participar comprenen millor els seus interessos i els dels altres actors. Així, una participació millor fundada va ser obtinguda i el consens, o almenys acords generals, són més probables. També, s'aconsegueix un major compromís cap a l'objectiu general de conservació ja que el model de decisió facilita la millora del disseny d'alternatives de solució per disminuir el possible perjudici per a alguns actors, o per l'ambient. Finalment, en relació als resultats, per al cas de la sostenibilitat del pasturatge en el PNC, els principals criteris que s'han de tenir en compte són: Contaminació atmosfèrica causa de la crema de pastiales, i Contaminació d'aigües superficials. Entre les estratègies per dur a terme un pasturatge més sostenible són: Desenvolupament d'alternatives productives al pasturatge i Control d'ingrés de bestiar / Delimitació física del parc.
[EN] The natural protected areas of Ecuador face several environmental threats, among which grazing is one of the most serious in several National Parks (PN), including Cotopaxi National Park (PNC). From the management of some national parks, alternatives for action are being proposed to reconcile PN's environmental conservation objectives with grazing, while promoting the social and economic development of local livestock farmers and other social actors that depend of the PNC's natural resources. In this context, the proposal of this thesis for the participatory evaluation of the sustainability of grazing in NPs is framed. In order to elaborate the work methodology, which is applied to the PNC but is proposed to be extended to other comparable PNs, three tools have been used: Social Network Analysis (SNA), Power Analysis (AP) and Analytical Network Process (ANP). The ARS was applied to obtain the social network that models grazing in the PNC. This technique allowed the identification of up to 169 stakeholders related to the sustainability of grazing in the PNC. Of these, 39 could be interviewed and the rest had to be discarded for various reasons. The SNA allowed evaluating the importance of the actors for communication about grazing, as well as their links and flows of information. The AP was developed to complete the estimation of the importance of the actors evaluated. They visible, hidden and invisible powers were analyzed to know the real power of the actors. This will allow choosing the most influential actors for participation in the evaluation of the sustainability of grazing in the PNC. In addition, on the other hand, it allows studying what would happen if the power of these actors were included in the participatory evaluation model developed with ANP. The ANP can model an evaluation problem as a decision problem, including the various variables or criteria that determine the sustainability of grazing, and including social actors in the evaluation of alternative solutions. In the methodology presented, a panel of experts in natural area management determined the evaluation model, i.e. the network of valuation criteria and solution alternatives sorted in clusters. Following, a panel with the chosen actors after the application of the ARS and the AP evaluated the importance of the criteria and the sustainability of the alternatives. The research results confirm that social actors have different interests, sensitivities and ways of understanding sustainability. Furthermore, these interests could be identified and their importance assessed. Thanks to the application of the ANP model, the actors who participated understand better their interests and those of the other actors. Thus, a better founded participation was obtained and consensus, or at least general agreements, are more likely. Besides, a greater commitment towards the general objective of conservation is achieved since the decision model facilitates the improvement of the design of alternative solutions for reducing the possible harm to some actors, or to the environment. Finally, in relation to the results, in the case of sustainability of grazing in the PNC, the main criteria that should be taken into account are: Atmospheric pollution due to burning of grasslands, and Contamination of surface waters. Among strategies to carry out a more sustainable grazing, most preferred are: Development of productive alternatives to grazing and Control of cattle entry / Physical delimitation of the park.
A la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, a través del Centro de Cooperación al Desarrollo (programa ADSIDEO 2011) y al Departamento de Proyectos de Ingeniería. Finalmente, a la Universidad de la Fuerzas Armadas – ESPE, a través del Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y la Construcción, por haberme brindado la colaboración necesaria para el desarrollo de ésta investigación.
Jácome Enríquez, WO. (2021). Aplicación del ANP y el ARS a la evaluación participativa de la sostenibilidad del pastoreo en las áreas naturales protegidas. Caso de estudio: Parque nacional Cotopaxi [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/168769
TESIS

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-04-29T13:34:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Gonçalves_.pdf: 7823321 bytes, checksum: ae0eb62f4bd23f6f3fe8277e01b01afd (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:34:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Gonçalves_.pdf: 7823321 bytes, checksum: ae0eb62f4bd23f6f3fe8277e01b01afd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-19
Nenhuma
A falta de uma relação quantitativa direta com o resultado da organização torna difícil a decisão sobre qual melhoria deve primeiro receber os recursos disponíveis. Por esta decisão ser uma tarefa difícil e dependente da experiência do gestor, o uso de métodos quantitativos como apoio a tomada de decisão pode torná-la mais assertiva. Este trabalho tem como objetivo explorar a metodologia de análise multicritério para priorização de melhorias intangíveis do processo produtivo, de forma alinhada com o posicionamento estratégico da organização. Para atender este objetivo, esta pesquisa propõe um modelo para priorização de melhorias intangíveis do processo produtivo, empregando a ferramenta estratégica SWOT para agrupar os fatores relevantes, em um cenário de melhoria de processo, para uma empresa do setor ceramista. Esses fatores foram agrupados em clusters e utilizados para construção de uma rede para representar as suas relações de dependência. Em virtude da dependência existente entre os fatores, foi aplicado o método multicritério Analytic Network Process (ANP) o qual analisa, conjuntamente, a influência dos fatores para a priorização de alternativas representadas por melhorias intangíveis em um ambiente produtivo. Tanto os fatores quanto a rede do problema foram definidos por uma equipe de análise composta por gestores e especialistas. Como resultado, apresenta a priorização das melhorias intangíveis, resultado da construção das matrizes não ponderada, ponderada e aplicação da propriedade de matriz limite. Através da realização de uma análise de sensibilidade aos pesos dos clusters, foi verificada a robustez da priorização obtida.
The lack of a direct quantitative relation with the result of the organization makes it difficult to decide which improvements must first receive the resources available. For this decision to be a difficult task and dependent on manager’s experience, the use of methods to support quantitative decision-making can make it more assertive. This study aims to explore the multi-criteria analysis methodology for prioritization of intangible improvements in the production process, in alignment with the strategic positioning of the organization. In order to achieve this objective, this research proposes a model for prioritization of intangible improvements in the production process, using the SWOT analysis tool for clustering the relevant factors in a process improvement scenario for a company of ceramist sector. These factors were clustered and used to build a network to represent their dependency relationships. Due to the interdependence of the factors, the multi-criteria method Analytic Network Process (ANP) was applied to analyze together, the influence of the factors for prioritizing alternative represented by intangible improvements in a productive environment. Both factors and problem network were defined by a team composed of managers and specialists. As a result, this research presents the prioritization of intangible improvements, as the result of the construction of unweighted and weighted matrices followed by the application of the limit process of the weighted matrix. By performing a sensitivity analysis to the weights of the clusters, the robustness of the obtained prioritization has been verified.

[EN] Abstract The construction of railway infrastructure networks requires heavy investment, long planning and execution times and extended life cycles. An important family of projects in Railway Engineering are the Maintenance, Renewal and Improvement (MR&I) projects. They are critical to maintaining railway infrastructures in good condition and to adapt them to environmental changes and new operating conditions and needs. MR&I action plans have a great impact in the short term because they affect the performance of operating facilities A critical issue for public infrastructure managers and planners is the effective allocation of the scarce resources available for maintenance and repair of railway infrastructures. Obsolescence and lack of adequate maintenance and repair of the railway network affect productivity and lead to increased costs over time. Every year the Manager of a rail network area is faced with different MR&I needs. This involves different projects to be executed with different levels of urgency, different levels of investment and different improvement measures and action plans on the railway network. Therefore, the Manager has a portfolio of MR&I projects and a limited budget. The main problem that the manager faces is setting priorities among the projects to decide which ones will be executed first. It is a complex problem due to the number of different projects and criteria to be considered. Classical approaches are based upon the Cost Benefit analysis (CBA) but there are great uncertainties and variations between the economic values used in different models and the results are heavily dependent on the specific methodology adopted. Methods based upon Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) allow mixing quantitative and qualitative criteria, aggregate multiple experts evaluations and, in general, obtain more robust project rankings than CBA. There is little evidence in the scientific literature of the use of MCDA to similar cases. Research conducted in this thesis studies the decision-making process to choose MR&I projects in a railway network. Technicians and managers are given a methodological tool to help them establish a priority between all the projects in the MR&I portfolio. The problem is addressed as a Multi criteria decision making (MCDM) problem in which thee different ANP models have been used, comparing the results obtained with all of them: Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP), Analytic Network Process with subnetworks for Benefits and Costs (ANP-BC) and the Analytic Network Process with subnetworks for Costs, Benefits, Opportunities and Risks (ANP-BOCR) The main contributions of this works are: - Deep analysis of the decision criteria. - Design of a procedure for evaluating many different alternative projects. - A decision making process which is both systematic and strict has been obtained. It can be generalized to other areas of the railway infrastructure management company. Thanks to the results the budget can be used in the best-valued projects according to the criteria established by the decision maker. The priorization is then obtained in a transparent and documented way.
[ES] Resumen La construcción de infraestructuras ferroviarias requiere de grandes inversiones, largos plazos de planificación y ejecución y los ciclos de vida totales son muy largos también. Dentro de los proyectos que se realizan en este tipo de infraestructuras, una parte muy importante son las actuaciones sobre líneas en servicio, que se denominan actuaciones de mantenimiento, rehabilitación y mejora (MR&I por sus siglas en ingles de Maintenance, Renewal and Improvement). Las actuaciones de MR&I tienen un gran efecto a corto plazo al afectar al rendimiento de instalaciones que ya están en servicio en el momento de la actuación . La asignación eficaz de los escasos recursos disponibles para MR&I por parte de los gestores de infraestructuras es clave para mantener y mejorar el desempeño general de la red. Cada año el gestor de una zona de la red se enfrenta a diferentes necesidades de mantenimiento, rehabilitación y mejora de la red, por tanto, tiene conjunto muy grande de proyectos de MR&I y un presupuesto limitado para ejecutarlos. El problema que se plantea es seleccionar qué proyectos tienen prioridad a la hora de su ejecución y qué criterios ha de considerar para establecer esa prioridad. Es un problema complejo debido al amplio número de proyectos posibles y de criterios a considerar. Los métodos clásicos más utilizados se basan en el enfoque de análisis coste-beneficio, pero existen grandes variaciones e incertidumbres a la hora de obtener los valores económicos y los resultados del análisis dependen mucho de la metodología específica adoptada. Los métodos basados en el Análisis Multicriterio de Decisiones (Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis MCDA) permitan integrar valoraciones cuantitativas y cualitativas, agregar las preferencias de varios expertos y, en general, obtener ordenaciones de proyectos más robustas que el CBA. No existe apenas evidencia de la aplicación de MCDA al problema planteado en la literatura científica. La investigación presentada en esta tesis estudia el proceso de toma de decisiones para la selección de proyectos de MR&I en una red ferroviaria. Se dota a los técnicos responsables y a los gestores del mantenimiento de los administradores ferroviarios de una herramienta metodológica que les ayude a establecer una prioridad entre la cartera de proyectos de MR&I. El problema se afronta como una toma de decisión multicriterio (MCDM) en la que se han utilizado tres modelos del método ANP, comparando los resultados entre sí: el modelo jerárquico basado en el Proceso Analítico Jerárquico (AHP) , el proceso analítico en red con una subred de costes y otra de beneficios (ANP-BC) y el proceso analítico en red con cuatro subredes: beneficios, oportunidades, costes y riesgos (ANP-BOCR). Las principales contribuciones de este trabajo son: - El profundo análisis realizado sobre los criterios de decisión. - Se ha diseñado un procedimiento para evaluar un conjunto muy numeroso de actuaciones alternativas. - Se ha obtenido un proceso de toma de decisiones riguroso y sistemático que se puede generalizar para otras zonas de gestión de la Compañía Gestora de las Infraestructuras ferroviarias El resultado permite utilizar el presupuesto en los proyectos mejor valorados de acuerdo a los criterios establecidos por el decisor. Obteniéndose la priorización de forma transparente y documentada.
[CAT] Resum La construcció d'infraestructures ferroviàries requereix de grans inversions, llargs terminis de planificació i execució i els cicles de vida totals són molt llargs també. Dins dels projectes que es realitzen en aquest tipus d'infraestructures, una part molt important són les actuacions sobre línies en servei, que es denominen actuacions de manteniment, rehabilitació i millora (MR&I per les seues sigles en angles de Maintenance, Renewal and Improvement). Les actuacions de MR&I tenen un gran efecte a curt termini en afectar al rendiment d'instal·lacions que ja estan en servei en el moment de l'actuació . L'assignació eficaç dels escassos recursos disponibles per a MR&I per part dels gestors d'infraestructures és clau per a mantenir i millorar l'acompliment general de la xarxa. Cada any el gestor d'una zona de la xarxa s'enfronta a diferents necessitats de manteniment, rehabilitació i millora de la xarxa, per tant, té un conjunt molt gran de projectes de MR&I i un pressupost limitat per a executar-los. El problema que es planteja és seleccionar quins projectes tenen prioritat a l'hora de la seua execució i quins criteris ha de considerar per a establir aqueixa prioritat. És un problema complex a causa de l'ampli nombre de projectes possibles i de criteris a considerar. Els mètodes clàssics més utilitzats es basen en l'enfocament d'anàlisi cost-beneficie, però existeixen grans variacions i incerteses a l'hora d'obtenir els valors econòmics i els resultats de l'anàlisi depenen molt de la metodologia específica adoptada. Els mètodes basats en l'Anàlisi Multicriteri de Decisions (Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis MCDA) permeten integrar valoracions quantitatives i qualitatives, agregar les preferències de diversos experts i, en general, obtenir ordenacions de projectes més robustes que el CBA. No existeix apenes evidencia de l'aplicació de *MCDA al problema plantejat en la literatura científica. La recerca presentada en aquesta tesi estudia el procés de presa de decisions per a la selecció de projectes de MR&I en una xarxa ferroviària. Es dota als tècnics responsables i als gestors del manteniment dels administradors ferroviaris d'una eina metodològica que els ajude a establir una prioritat entre la cartera de projectes de MR&I. El problema s'afronta com una presa de decisió multicriteri (MCDM) en la qual s'han utilitzat tres models del mètode ANP, comparant els resultats entre si: el model jeràrquic basat en el Procés Analític Jeràrquic (AHP) , el procés analític en xarxa amb una subxarxa de costos i una altra de beneficis (ANP-BC), i el procés analític en xarxa amb quatre subxarxes: beneficis, oportunitats, costos i riscos (ANP-BOCR). Les principals contribucions d'aquest treball són: - La profunda anàlisi realitzada sobre els criteris de decisió. - S'ha dissenyat un procediment per a avaluar un conjunt molt nombrós d'actuacions alternatives. - S'ha obtingut un procés de presa de decisions rigorós i sistemàtic que es pot generalitzar per a altres zones de gestió de la Companyia Gestora de les Infraestructures ferroviàries El resultat permet utilitzar el pressupost en els projectes millor valorats d'acord als criteris establits pel decisor. Obtenint-se la priorització de forma transparent i documentada.
Montesinos Valera, J. (2015). Aplicación de las técnicas AHP, ANP-BC y ANP-BOCR de análisis multicriterio de decisiones a la selección de carteras de proyectos de mantenimiento, rehabilitación y mejora en infraestructuras ferroviarias [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/56821
TESIS

El objetivo general de la presente tesis doctoral es proponer una metodología innovadora para la construcción de un sistema de medida de la competitividad entre empresas de un mismo sector, que considere los factores internos más influyentes de naturaleza distinta. Para ello, se dispone como base fundamental de un método de toma de decisión multicriterio que facilita el proceso de selección de los indicadores. La investigación está centrada en la integración de un paradigma de la competitividad, un sistema de medición del desempeño empresarial y una técnica de toma de decisión multicriterio. La metodología propuesta ofrece a los directivos de las empresas del sector, conocer la posición relativa entre ellas desde el punto de vista de la competitividad y, en ese mismo sentido, determinar la orientación sobre las áreas relevantes hacia las que cada empresa debe guiar sus recursos para mejorar su posición competitiva. Adicionalmente, se ofrece un aporte al conocimiento, con la metodología como instrumento, que permite reconocer la naturaleza del sistema de medida de la competitividad en cualquier sector empresarial. Para alcanzar el objetivo general, la investigación se realizó a través de las siguientes etapas: 1) Análisis del conocimiento disponible sobre las áreas fundamentales de la selección de indicadores de competitividad, tales como: los modelos de competitividad, los sistemas de medición de desempeño, los modelos de toma de decisión multicriterio y aplicaciones de evaluación competitiva empresarial. 2) Diseño de la propuesta metodológica ajustada a un sistema de medida de la competitividad dirigida hacia un sector empresarial que considera indicadores de diferente naturaleza, los cuales representan los factores internos de su cadena de valor. 3) Validación de la metodología propuesta. Esta labor se cumple mediante la aplicación de la metodología en un sector empresarial venezolano con la contribución de tres expertos -representantes del sector-; así se al
Baptista Carrillo, DC. (2012). Diseño, desarrollo y validación de una metodología para el análisis de competitividad en sectores industriales venezolanos basada en la técnica multicriterio Analytic Network Process (ANP) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/17123
Palancia

[EN] In an inland terminal of containers with dangerous goods, operational, safety & security and environmental criteria are usually in conflict in the decision making process of the layout's design. But this conflict can be only a result of a partial analysis where not all involved criteria are being considered. If we really consider all criteria that should affect a decision perhaps the conflict between operational, safety & security and environmental aspects disappears. Decisions about machines and the layout in an inland terminal with dangerous goods must consider aspects as hazards of products, reliability, evacuation time, etc., jointly with other economical and operational criteria. Through this research, we are going to develop a holistic analysis based on the multicriteria theory (AHP - Analytic hierarchic process / ANP - Analytic network process) to provide terminals' decision makers with a methodology in order to design the layout of an inland terminal in a more productivity, safety, environment-friendly and efficient way. This methodology is addressed to decision makers of existent inland terminals for the management of change or to design new parts of the business, and also to freight forwarding companies' decision makers that see inland terminals of containers as a strategic business. Outputs of this methodology are optimal solutions not only from the point of view of productivity and operational efficiency, but also environment-friend and safety terminals. We think that this principle can be fulfilled with actual technology and this is the core of this research. Other way, a sensitive analysis using the methodology will be followed up to analyze what is the influence of the environmental and safety criteria in the decision process outputs.
[ES] En una terminal de contenedores con mercancías peligrosas, los criterios operacionales, de seguridad y protección y los medioambientales suelen ser contrapuestos en un proceso de toma de decisión en relación con el diseño del layout. Sin embargo esta contraposición se debe únicamente a un análisis parcial en el que no se han considerado todos los criterios que pueden influir. Si realmente consideramos todos los criterios que influyen en la toma de decisión, ese conflicto entre aspectos operacionales, seguridad y protección y medioambientales puede desaparecer. Las decisiones sobre máquinas y el layout en una terminal interior con mercancías peligrosas deben considerar aspectos como la peligrosidad de las sustancias, la fiabilidad de los equipos, el tiempo de evacuación, etc., juntamente con otros criterios de carácter económico y operacional. En esta investigación vamos a desarrollar un análisis holístico basado en la teoría de decisión multicriteria (AHP - Analytic hierarchic process /ANP - Analytic network process) para proveer a las personas que toman decisiones sobre el layout en una terminal interior con mercancías peligrosas de una metodología para diseñar el layout de forma más productiva, segura, medioambiental y eficiente. Esta metodología va dirigida a gestionar adecuadamente el cambio en terminales interiores ya existentes o diseñar nuevas áreas de la terminal, así como a operadores logísticos que vean en las terminales interiores de contenedores una oportunidad de negocio. Los resultados de aplicar esta metodología son soluciones eficientes tanto desde el punto de vista productivo y operacional, como desde el punto de vista de la seguridad y el medio ambiente. Entendemos que puede hacerse realidad con la tecnología actual y ese es el corazón de esta investigación. En cualquier caso, se seguirá un análisis de sensibilidad para evaluar el grado de influencia de los criterios medioambientales y seguridad en los resultados del proceso de toma de decisión.
[CAT] En una terminal de contenidors amb mercaderies perilloses, els criteris operacionals, de seguretat i protecció i els mediambientals solen ser contraposats en un procés de presa de decisió en relació amb el disseny del layout. No obstant aquesta contraposició es deu únicament a un anàlisis parcial en el qual no s'han considerat tots els criteris que poden influir. Si realment considem tots els criteris que influeixen en la presa de decisió, aquest conflicte entre aspectes operacionals, seguretat i protecció i mediambientals pot desaparèixer. Les decisions sobre màquines i el layout en una terminal interior amb mercaderies perilloses han de considerar aspectes com la perillositat de les substàncies, la fiabilitat dels equips, el temps d'evacuació, etc., juntament amb altres criteris de caràcter econòmic i operacional. En aquesta investigació desenvoluparem una anàlisis holístic basat en la teoria de decisió multicriteria (AHP - Analytic hierarchic process / ANP - Analytic network process) per proveir a les persones que prenen decisions sobre el layout en una terminal interior amb mercaderies perilloses d'una metodologia per dissenyar el layout de forma mes productiva segura, mediambiental i eficient Aquesta metodologia va dirigida a gestionar adequadament el canvi en terminals interiors ja existents o dissenyar noves àrees de la terminal, així com a operadors logístics que vegin en les terminals interiors de contenidors una oportunitat de negoci. Els resultats d'aplicar aquesta metodologia son solucions eficients tant des del punt de vista productiu i operacional, com des del punt de vista de la seguretat i el mediambient. Entenem que pot fer-se realitat amb la tecnologia actual i aquest és el cor d'aquesta investigació. En qualsevol cas, es seguirà un anàlisis de sensibilitat per avaluar el grau d'influència dels criteris mediambientals i seguretat en els resultats del procès de presa de decisió.
Santarremigia Rosaleny, FE. (2016). Diseño básico del layout de una terminal interior de contenedores con mercancías peligrosas a través de la priorización de alternativas aplicando la teoría de decisión multicriteria (métodos AHP y ANP) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/61961
TESIS

Along with playing an ever-increasing role in the integration of other communication networks and expanding in application diversities, the current Internet suffers from serious overuse and congestion bottlenecks. Efficient congestion control is fundamental to ensure the Internet reliability, satisfy the specified Quality-of-Service (QoS) constraints and achieve desirable performance in response to varying application scenarios. Active Queue Management (AQM) is a promising scheme to support end-to-end Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) congestion control because it enables the sender to react appropriately to the real network situation. Analytical performance models are powerful tools which can be adopted to investigate optimal setting of AQM parameters. Among the existing research efforts in this field, however, there is a current lack of analytical models that can be viewed as a cost-effective performance evaluation tool for AQM in the presence of heterogeneous traffic, generated by various network applications. This thesis aims to provide a generic and extensible analytical framework for analyzing AQM congestion control for various traffic types, such as non-bursty Poisson and bursty Markov-Modulated Poisson Process (MMPP) traffic. Specifically, the Markov analytical models are developed for AQM congestion control scheme coupled with queue thresholds and then are adopted to derive expressions for important QoS metrics. The main contributions of this thesis are listed as follows: • Study the queueing systems for modeling AQM scheme subject to single-class and multiple-classes Poisson traffic, respectively. Analyze the effects of the varying threshold, mean traffic arrival rate, service rate and buffer capacity on the key performance metrics. • Propose an analytical model for AQM scheme with single class bursty traffic and investigate how burstiness and correlations affect the performance metrics. The analytical results reveal that high burstiness and correlation can result in significant degradation of AQM performance, such as increased queueing delay and packet loss probability, and reduced throughput and utlization. • Develop an analytical model for a single server queueing system with AQM in the presence of heterogeneous traffic and evaluate the aggregate and marginal performance subject to different threshold values, burstiness degree and correlation. • Conduct stochastic analysis of a single-server system with single-queue and multiple-queues, respectively, for AQM scheme in the presence of multiple priority traffic classes scheduled by the Priority Resume (PR) policy. • Carry out the performance comparison of AQM with PR and First-In First-Out (FIFO) scheme and compare the performance of AQM with single PR priority queue and multiple priority queues, respectively.

Os Sistemas Integrados de Gestão, também conhecidos como ERP (Enterprise Re-source Planning), vem tendo ampla utilização nas organizações a partir dos anos 90. Por exigir um investimento de elevado valor financeiro para a sua implantação, os responsáveis pela sua aquisição devem tomar cuidados especiais, uma vez que os seus resultados positivos ou negativos somente surgem após longo período de im-plantação, às vezes após muitos anos. Sendo um problema complexo, repleto de incertezas e riscos, os decisores tomam muito de seu tempo para analisar os diver-sos critérios e funcionalidades das ofertas de sistemas recebidas. A tese objetiva apresentar um procedimento que possibilite às empresas, em particular as de pe-queno e médio porte, um procedimento que as permita analisar quando do interesse da aquisição de um ERP, qual das ofertas disponíveis estará mais adequada às su-as necessidades de negócio, baseado em um método multicritérios de apoio à deci-são. A revisão da literatura analisa os Sistemas de Informação (SI) informatizados e os principais papéis desempenhados por eles: apoio às operações, apoio à vanta-gem competitiva e apoio à decisão. A seleção das ofertas propostas foi efetuada uti-lizando o método de Estudo de Casos múltiplos em empresas que adquiriram esses sistemas,ghy utilizando o ANP (Analytic Network Process) como instrumento de pesquisa. Para se estabelecer uma classificação dos critérios utilizados na análise foi utilizada a Técnica Delphi, a qual foi realizada junto a especialistas em Tecnologia de Informação. O resultado obtido pelo Estudo de Casos mostrou que o procedimen-to proposto é válido e pode ser utilizado por empresas de todos os portes.
The use of Integrated Management Systems, also known as ERP (Enterprise Re-source Planning), are widely accepted by organizations since beginning of the ni-neties. As its implementation means a high financial value investment, the respon-sible team for its acquisition has to take special cares, once their positive or nega-tive results will appear only after long implementation period, often after many years. As it is a complex decision problem, evolving uncertainties and risks, the decision agents spend a lot of time to analyze the several criteria and functional-ities from received offers. This thesis presents a proposal which makes possible the companies, particularly those of small or medium sizes, which allows to analyze during the ERP acquisition phase, the available offers more adapted to their business requirements, based on a multi-criteria support decision method. The literature revision analyzes the computerized Information Systems (IS) and the main roles carried out by them: operations support, competitive advantage support and decision support. In order to define the criteria set used in the multi-criteria analysis, the Delphi Method was used and it was answered by Information Technology experts. These criteria was used to classify the ERP\'s offers using the multiple cases study using ANP (Analytic Network Process) as research tool.. The results obtained by case study in four companies were used to validate several propositions.

A cyber manufacturing system (CMS) is a concept generated from the cyber-physical system (CPS), providing adequate data and computation resources to support efficient and optimal decision making. Examples of these decisions include production control, variation reduction, and cost optimization. A CMS integrates the physical manufacturing equipment and computation resources via Industrial Internet, which provides low-cost Internet connections and control capability in the manufacturing networks. Traditional quality engineering methodologies, however, typically focus on statistical process control or run-to-run quality control through modeling and optimization of an individual process, which makes it less effective in a CMS with many manufacturing systems connected. In addition, more personalization in manufacturing generates limited samples for the same kind of product designs, materials, and specifications, which prohibits the use of many effective data-driven modeling methods. Motivated by Additive Manufacturing (AM) with the potential to manufacture products with a one-of-a-kind design, material, and specification, this dissertation will address the following three research questions: (1) how can in situ data be used to model multiple similar AM processes connected in a CMS (Chapter 3)? (2) How to improve the accuracy of the low-fidelity first-principle simulation (e.g., finite element analysis, FEA) for personalized AM products to validate the product and process designs (Chapter 4) in time? (3) And how to predict the void defect (i.e., unmeasurable quality variables) based on the in situ quality variables. By answering the above three research questions, the proposed methodology will effectively generate in situ process and quality data for modeling multiple connected AM processes in a CMS. The research to quantify the uncertainty of the simulated in situ process data and their impact on the overall AM modeling is out of the scope of this research. The proposed methodologies will be validated based on fused deposition modeling (FDM) processes and selective laser melting processes (SLM). Moreover, by comparing with the corresponding benchmark methods, the merits of the proposed methods are demonstrated in this dissertation. In addition, the proposed methods are inherently developed with a general data-driven framework. Therefore, they can also potentially be extended to other applications and manufacturing processes.
Doctor of Philosophy
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a promising advanced manufacturing process that can realize the personalized products in complex shapes with unprecedented materials. However, there are many quality issues that can restrict the wide deployment of AM in practice, such as voids, porosity, cracking, etc. To effectively model and further mitigate these quality issues, the cyber manufacturing system (CMS) is adopted. The CMS can provide the data acquisition functionality to collect the real-time process data which directly or indirectly related to the product quality in AM. Moreover, the CMS can provide the computation capability to analyze the AM data and support the decision-making to optimize the AM process. However, due to the characteristics of AM process, there are several challenges effectively and efficiently model the AM data. First, there are many one-of-a-kind products in AM, and leads to limited observations for each product that can support to estimate an accurate model. Therefore, in Chapter 3, I would like to discuss how to jointly model personalized products by sharing the information among these similar-but-non-identical AM processes with limited observations. Second, for personalized product realization in AM, it is essential to validate the product and process designs before fabrication quickly. Usually, finite element analysis (FEA) is employed to simulate the manufacturing process based on the first-principal model. However, due to the complexity, the high-fidelity simulation is very time-consuming and will delay the product realization in AM. Therefore, in Chapter 4, I would like to study how to predict the high-fidelity simulation result based on the low-fidelity simulation with fast computation speed and limited capability. Thirdly, the defects of AM are usually inside the product, and can be identified by the X-ray computed tomography (CT) images after the build of the AM products. However, limited by the sensor technology, CT image is difficult to obtain for online (i.e., layer-wise) defect detection to mitigate the defects. Therefore, as an alternative, I would like to investigate how to predict the CT image based on the optical layer-wise image, which can be obtained during the AM process in Chapter 5. The proposed methodologies will be validated based on two types of AM processes: fused deposition modeling (FDM) processes and selective laser melting processes (SLM).

Over the past few decades, environmental changes have led to more frequent occurrences and greater intensities of natural disasters worldwide. In terms of globally connected supply chains, this has resulted in an enormous economical loss for corporations. Therefore, Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery (BC/DR) planning and management has become essential for businesses in order to protect their critical business flow. Yet there is a lack of systematic and transparent methodologies for companies to handle this problem. Hence, this thesis introduces a novel approach to combine consecutive steps of the Disaster Recovery Planning (DRP) process within one application. The multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) tool called the Analytic Network Process (ANP) is employed to identify critical products of a business and match them with optimal disruption mitigation strategies based on an evaluation of benefits, opportunities, costs, and risks (BOCR). To validate the method developed in this thesis, a case study using historical data of a U.S. company (Company XYZ) is introduced. The results of the ANP mathematical modeling demonstrate that the developed methodology provides a valuable approach to analyze and confirm BC/DR planning decisions. Moreover, an expert of Company XYZ confirmed that the suggested solution established through this case study is in agreement with the preferable choice based on his expertise and professional decision-making. Further research could extend the proposed methodology to other fields of BC/DR planning, such as IT Disaster Recovery Planning or Human Disaster Relief.

This research investigated methods to determine appropriate security protocols for specific wireless network applications. The specific problem being addressed was that there are tradeoffs between security, performance, and efficiency among current and proposed security protocols. Performance and efficiency issues are particularly important in wireless networks which tend to have constrained network capacity and connect to resource-limited nodes. Existing security protocols address problems such as authentication, availability, confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation. However, these protocols use resources and limit the efficient use of node resources. Thus, the overall objective of this research is to improve the efficiency of security mechanisms for wireless networks.

A methodology was constructed to satisfy this objective and is an important contribution of this research. The methodology can be used to define the relevant operational parameters of different wireless network applications, classify wireless networks into distinct categories, incorporate appropriate security protocols to a category, and analyze the security protocols through metrics. Three groups of operational parameters were created to classify wireless networks; these are equipment, network topology, and communication characteristics. The wireless network categories include, but are not limited to, fixed broadband wireless networks, wireless local area networks, mobile ad hoc networks, and small device sensor networks. The metrics in the methodology are used to measure end-to-end data throughput and delay, efficiency and overhead, power and energy consumption, and energy consumed per packet transferred.

The main advantage of this methodology is the flexibility of how constraints are considered and suitability is analyzed. This approach can identify problems from manageable categories of networks and find or create solutions for each of them. Another advantage of this methodology is that after suitable security protocols are found or created for each category, any new wireless network application that falls into an existing category may be able to use the security protocols from that category and find that they are the most suitable.

Another key contribution of this research was the implementation and evaluation of a context aware and adaptive security manager (CASM) that selects appropriate protocols in real-time. CASM was developed using the methodology as a guide. Results from a resource analysis of four encryption algorithms were utilized for the design of CASM. A feasibility study of CASM was then completed. Three different experimental scenarios were used to evaluate CASM's operation. The results and analysis of the experiments indicate that the security manager functions properly and security is provided efficiently with different user settings and environments. Three schemes were deemed the best to use for the decision module of CASM.
Ph. D.

Dissertation to obtain PhD in Industrial Engineering
In order to increase partnership efficiency and truly meet the customers' demands, in today's business environment companies are operating in supply chains. Integration of supply chains facilitates minimizing diferent types of wastes and satisfying needs of the end customer. The first step toward supply chain integration is to understandand the customer values, and to reconfigure supply chain to support those values. The current research addresses supply chain integration through quantifying relations between supply chain practice and customer values. It employs Bayesian network and analytic network process as tools to quantify comparative relations among entities. The proposed approach starts with identifying trade-offs along customer values using Bayesian network. In parallel supply chain practices are comparatively analyzed through interviews with experts which is technically quantified using analytic network process. Thereafter, these two parallel phases join together to form a network of customer values and supply chain practices. The network is able to quantitatively identify relations among nodes; in addition, it can be used to plan scenarios and handle senstitivity analyses. This model is expected to be used by supply chain decision makers to have a quantitative measure for monitoring the influence of practices on preferences of the end customer. A survey and two case studies are discussed which go through aforementioned phases. The survey identifies and analyzes six customer values namely quality, cost, customization, time, know-how and respect for the environment. It makes input for the two cases which develop supply chain integration model for fashion and food industry. Supply chain practices are categorized into two groups of manufacturing and logistics practices. The two case studies include five manufacturing practices as cross functional operations, decrease work in process, implement standards, mixed production planning, and use recyclable materials as well as four logistics practices namely visibility to upstream /downstream inventories, information sharing with customer, implement logistics standards, and just in time.
Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - (MIT Project: MIT-Pt/EDAM-IASC/0022/2008)

This paper compares two technologies, Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and Virtual Private Network (VPN). PKI and VPN are two approaches currently in use to resolve the problem of securing data in computer networks. Making this comparison difficult is the lack of available data. Additionally, an organization will make their decision based on circumstances unique to their information security needs. Therefore, this paper will illustrate a method using a utility function and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine which technology is better under a hypothetical set of circumstances. This paper will explain each technology, establish parameters for a hypothetical comparison, and discuss the capabilities and limitations of both technologies.
Master of Arts

碩士
中原大學
資訊管理研究所
100
From 2007 to 2011, the global mobile phone industries and the market trends proceeded to the great evolution-Smartphone. Whatever the functional interfaces or software applications are designed, they are user-friendly with technology and convenience. Many kinds of smartphones in modern eras are released. So the study cited three different smartphones with similar price and functionality from the top three mobile phone industries. The questionnaires distributed to smartphones sellers, and the purpose is mainly to compare the items among smartphone properties, functional criterias, and alternatives. The research result of drawing weight priority is to provide the assessment of R&;D industries as a reference for the subsequent development of new smartphones. And the result of alternative ranking is for the reference as the technical data of three smartphones assessment in the same field. The questionnaire is mainly to test the smartphone sellers. Five testers filled them up. The assessment architecture of the smartphone alternatives is built by Super Decisions software, and the decision-making software produced some doublet models within smartphone properties and functional criterias, so as to compare each set of the properties and criterias. Thus, the study can verify the priority computations of each assessment results. When the study achieved to integrate professional recommendations of the sellers, the value of each questionnaire is regarded as an effective group result via geometric average. The ANP analysis method is utilized into decision-making operations, so as to gain the sequence of each properties and criterias. On completing consistency test and verification, Super Decisions software can compute the sequence of the normalized and limiting weight in smartphone alternatives, functional criterias, and properties. The results show that “APPLE iPhone 4(0.38164)” is considered as the most important decision-making alternative under the recommendations of five communication staffs, and the “battery power(0.100036)” is the highest assessment factor for limiting weight in all of the functional criterias, and “built-in system(0.70267)” is the highest weight value in four properties.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
99
Due to the busy people's lives and the increased need of consumer, many convenience stores are built in the same area and the competition between them is fierce. Therefore, in the keen competitive situation, how to select the location of a convenience store is worth exploring. However, when the convenience store seizes the market by the way of promoting and point collection, convenience stores often ignore the importance of the location selection such that the poor management will cause the stores closure. On the other hand, the location selection will be varied depend on the consumer habits, environment, and time. This study will start from summarizing the criteria for selecting the location of convenience stores via the reference. Then, we use the Analytical Network Process (ANP) to determine the best choice in several different locations of convenience stores, which including Location A, Location B, and Location C. Our contribution is creating a model for selecting the best location of a convenience store to save the unnecessary expenditure of resources.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
99
ABSTRACT With respect to the increment of national income and the development of the internet technology, consumers are able to save shopping time and cost for improving purchasing efficiency through utilizing the commerce model with high diversification of marketing channels and demand of services. The business model of non-store sales channels contains online shopping, TV shopping, direct sale, mail order, catalog shopping, and telemarketing shopping. This research discussed the current trend of customer’s behaviors by taking three kind of non-store sales channels composed of online shopping, TV shopping and direct sale as evaluated objectives. Further, based on organizing the relative literatures, the Analytical Network Process (ANP) is employed to cross-analyze the surveyed questionnaire-data of experts’ opinion and scholars’ comments in order to induce the criteria, sub-criteria and the best potential candidate by applying a series of analyses in each hierarchical relation. Finally, the online shopping is the best potentially considerable purchasing commerce model of the three kinds of the non-store sales channels.

碩士
國立成功大學
電信管理研究所
100
Upon the progress of radio technology, the National Communications Commission (NCC) has to replace the existing radio monitoring system to cope with the development of digital transmission. However, the radio monitoring systems are complicated and expensive with various issues to be considered. This research analyses related procurement factors that government officials and scholars care about in Taiwan, and tries to figure out the key factors of system procurement. Directorate General of Telecommunications (DGT) was in charge of communications affairs and initiated “The Radio Spectrum Monitoring Project” in 1996. The project was transferred to the NCC in 2006 and the usage time of the existing systems is more than ten years. Hence, the NCC needs to study a new system to replace the existing one for a suitable and up to date radio monitoring system. The research not only analyzes procurement evaluation and selection literatures, but also identifies factors of procurement evaluation and selection from laws and acts. This research selects appropriate factors and constructs a research model based on radio monitoring systems procurement by expert interviews (including official from the NCC and academics from “Next Generation Radio Monitoring Systems Build Plan and Optimization Analysis” research team) by Analytical Network Process (ANP) method. After figure out the factors and the weighs, this study simulates three scenarios to analysis potential situation, and calculates with the weights to compare the different in total scores. Hence, the process of procurement can be more complete. This research constructs three dimensions (commercial terms, monitoring system, and suppliers), and eight criteria (procurement contracts, maintenance contracts, quality, function, price, project management, and past achievements in contract performance) for the model. Interactions among factors have taken into consideration, so the research compares dimensions and criteria of expert questionnaire in pairs by ANP method. Samples are divided into four parts to figure out any different opinions from academics, government, experienced experts, as well as overall experts. After analyzing factors of procurements, this study figures out that the maintenance contract is the most important factor from academic opinions; quality is the most important factor from government official’s opinions. However, experienced experts’ opinions treat procurement contracts to be the most important factor. Overall experts’ opinions place quality as the most important factor, but either academia or experts’ opinions do not treat price as an important factor. In addition, this research uses three scenarios to provide complete research and simulate procurement evaluation. The scenarios include three suppliers with some various characteristics, such as various quality and various price in scenario A; various procurement contract and various maintenance contract in scenario B; and various procurement contract, various maintenance contract, and various past achievement in contract performance in scenario C. After calculation, the supplier who provide high quality gets the highest score in scenario A; the supplier who provide better maintenance contract gets the highest score in scenario B; the supplier who provide better maintenance contract also gets the highest score in scenario C. The results represent that the buyer prefer higher quality and the maintenance contract. Hence, suppliers would win the bids while provide the quality that the buyer needs (or better) quality and the maintenance contract that could benefit future usage of the buyer.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
105
The Study of the Analytical Network Process (ANP) To Select A Type of Channel For Shipment Distribution Process Management Information Systems Planning Student：Cheng，Yu-Chieh Advisor：Professor Hsu，Maw-Yang Department of Distribution Management National Chin-Yi Institute of Technology ABSTRACT The commercial trade channel is getting more diverse, and also deepened regional trade liberalization because of the global economy booming developed. The business model at the early stage of the buyer and seller has evolved into a diversified trade model of reciprocal and multiple from single-point exchange. The distance between countries is shortened by international express services instant information monitoring and highly efficient transport distribution; also increase the economic benefits of delivering. As the international express service industry keeps integrating economic innovation model for the shipment , the industry invests the hardware and software equipment of human resources, logistics and information flow, not only for improving service quality, building complete transport system, but also make the capability of import and export more professional to overcome the remote areas’ problem of delivery. The industry supplier attach importance to global information integration and committed to building the four demands (shipment distribution efficiency, shipment distribution integrity, instant information of shipment distribution, professional competence of shipment distribution) to speed up the delivery and create service opportunities for customers. The purpose of this research was to identify how the international express service suppliers set up their shipment distribution service information system to create service opportunities; the international express service supplier, DHL, FedEx, UPS that own the global scale and high level of brand awareness in Taiwan is used as the main research objects. Adapting analytic network process (ANP) to analyze that there's a significant importance for shipment clearance service information system, and using the four demands (shipment distribution efficiency, shipment distribution integrity, instant information of shipment distribution, professional competence of shipment distribution) of service supplier and four major delivery service information systems (pre-service information system, distribution service information system, clearance service information system, after-sales service information system) as the structure of the research .

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
98
Between 1970 and 1980, Taiwan took over Japan as the world leader in the industries of shoe moulds, shoes, umbrellas, hats, sewing machines, micro motors, and etc,. Followed by the appreciation of New Taiwan Dollars, labor-intensive industries started moving to overseas countries located south of Taiwan such as Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. These labor-intensive industries then moved again to Mainland China due to its successful economical reformation since 1978. Manufacturers of injection molding and auxiliary machinery (IMAM) followed the above industries to overseas, as well as their brands originated from Taiwan. With the constant growth in the past four decades, Taiwan has led the plastic/rubbery machinery (PRM) industry to a new high and become a key player of production and export of the IMAM regarding to both quality and quantity in the world. However, in the past ten years, from the beginning imitation to later on innovation, Mainland China grabbed the opportunity and has become the main supplier, customer, and exporter in the PRM industry. The exponential growth in Mainland China is demonstrated by its great PRM industry scale and labor force. In Taiwan, companies in the PRM industry not only face more and more competition from its own saturated market, but also confront the low-priced machinery providers from Mainland China. Fortunately, the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) between Mainland China and Taiwan places plastic/rubbery machine tools on the Early Harvest List which also benefits the PRM industry to expand. This is definitely a crucial year to those Taiwan manufacturers of plastic end products in China to make the transition due to lack of labor force from the beginning of the year and the incident of Foxconn pay raise. Therefore, how to further automate the production process and deal with the increase of labor cost will lead to the future of the industry. This research can be seen as a reference by companies in the PRM industry. Hopefully the findings of this research can also assist those companies to be away from the red ocean and to be successful in the blue ocean. This research is done by using the ANP method with the integration of a) business patterns (global strategy, home town cultivation, and relocating to overseas), b) industry formations (injection molding machine and auxiliary manufacturers), and c) competitive advantages (innovation, growth, differentiation, cost, & alliance) in Taiwan. The intention of this study is to assist companies in the PRM industry in Taiwan to deploy their global strategies. In the end, a case study of global strategies will be provided.

碩士
國立宜蘭大學
經營管理研究所碩士班
98
Tourism industry has become the most socio-economic indicators in this century, and it has also become a major source of foreign exchange earnings of many countries. Since the government implemented the two-day-off weekends, our citizens have spent more time being engaged in traveling. The hotel industry gradually becomes the core of the leisure and tourism industry. Especially the culture of taking hot spring is popular in recent years, and the hot-spring hotels with diversified leisure facilities change into hot-spring leisure hotels. The purpose of this research is mainly according to the service quality SERVQUAL model of PZB and related literature review of hotel service quality to apply the analysis of Pearson’s correlation and the Analytic Network Process (ANP), to evaluate service quality of the hot-spring leisure hotels. This study explored the ranking of the hot-spring leisure hotel service quality factors from experts’ view, and make comparison with those from customers’ view. First, use the customer questionnaires to proceed with the analyses of customer satisfaction. Then explore the analyses of Pearson’s correlation between the images of hot-spring leisure hotels and factors of service quality. Further, this study applies Analytic Network Process (ANP) to quantify the opinions of experts in order to get the weight for each dimension and factor, and then proceeds with the evaluation score by questionnaires for three same degree hot-spring leisure hotels. Then, the hot-spring leisure hotels can adjust their management by the result of the evaluation to provide the direction of improving the service quality of hot-spring leisure hotels and promote the competitive strength.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
105
In Taiwan, improved public health and health technology have contributed to longevity among the nationals. However, with economic development, environmental pollution, and lifestyle changes, the number of patients suffering from cancers and chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases increases gradually . With the concept of preventive healthcare, more and more nationals are taking dietary supplements to improve their living quality, thereby leading to the prosperous dietary supplementation market. With the popularity of the Internet and mobile devices, the shopping mode is shifting from a single channel to multiple ones. In addition to the extraordinary effects of their products, providers still need to map out creative and innovative business strategies to stand out from their competition. They also need to use information technologies, such as the Internet, AI (Artificial Intelligence), big data analysis, applications (especially for the smart phones), mobile payment, VR (Virtual Reality), AR (Augmented Reality), and MR (Mixed Reality) to construct an experiential shopping environment for consumers; and employ various channels for their marketing strategies to meet the needs of various types of consumers. As the research objective, this study focuses on the most appropriate channel type for dietary supplementation providers in Taiwan. Given this purpose, Analytical Network Process (ANP )is used to analyze how their business operation modes and strategies (innovation, growth, difference, cost and alliance) are related to available channels and profit, in order to find the best way for providers to integrate offline to online sales channels and create greater profitability for the industry.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
107
The food-eating population in Taiwan has increased year by year due to changes in the economic environment. The catering chain stores is highly competitive. In recent years, with the rise of new retail and the Internet, the competition has intensified and the speed of change has been greatly accelerated. In order to meet the ever-changing market demand, the industry is not actively changing the marketing model, creating a new Omni-Channel experience with the "consumer experience as the center" and technology, driven by the online and offline (O2O) two-way deep integration. Online consumer-to-line consumption not only greatly improves service efficiency, but also changes the consumers eating experience. In response to market changes and competition, catering chain stores will develop a variety of suitable channel management models to enhance the competitiveness and profitability of their own brands as the most important business strategy plan for the future. This study takes the selection of the most suitable channel type for Taiwanese catering chain stores, with Wang Pin, Wacheng and Hanlai as the research objects and the use of network analysis processing (ANP) through its business model and business strategy ( Innovation, growth, difference, cost, alliance), according to the channel type according to its benefit analysis, find out the most suitable channel for the catering chain stores, in Taiwan is the new retail management of the Omni-Channel Type.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
107
The annual output value of department stores in Taiwan has reached more than NTD 300 billion. The turnover of department stores in Taiwan has always been the top of the comprehensive commodity retail industry, and it is also an important industry to create business circles. In recent years, with the continuous development of large department stores, the business environment of small and medium-sized department stores in Taiwan has become more and more severe. At the same time, the outlet, outside the town, is expanding with the rise of online shopping, which provides fast and convenient shopping for consumers, and directly divides the performance of the real department stores channel. Faced with the threat from other retail competitors, in order to continue to win the favor of consumers and not be replaced, department stores are making every effort to actively transform, not only to provide consumers with higher value-added services, but also to satisfy consumers in online shopping can’t replace the real product virtual service. This paper chooses the most suitable channel type for Taiwan department store industry as the research category, and uses ANP to find out the most suitable channel type for Taiwan department store industry is New retailing pattern Omni-Channel type through its management pattern and management strategy (innovation, growth, difference, cost, alliance) and its benefit analysis.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
106
Western-style breakfast shops in Taiwan mostly use franchising methods in the market and value is over thousand million dollars of one year. Under the guidance and management of headquarters, franchised breakfast shops have become more competitive in the market. However, in recent years, Western-style breakfast shops in Taiwan have gradually felt the threat of external forces, and different competitors have emerged. First, fast food chains started to introduce instant breakfast to join this market. Convenience stores also wanted to join the breakfast market, introduce various breakfast mixes, and because of the many services that convenience stores can provide, the people who are in need of these services will therefore be transferred. And go to the convenience store for breakfast. Faced with the threat from these different format competitors, Western-style breakfast makers did not want this market to be replaced. They began to transform and tried various services that could increase the added value of consumers to enhance the competitiveness of their stores. Red Sea's breakfast market continues to gain consumer pro-gaze and continues to play a decisive role. The headquarters of the Western-style breakfast chain will also develop a variety of suitable access management models to enhance the competitiveness of the brand and rank it as the most important business strategy plan in the future.In this study, we selected the most suitable path type for the Western-style breakfast chain in Taiwan and used ANP methods to use its business model and business strategy (innovation, growth, differences, costs, alliances) to match the type of pathways. Benefit analysis, to identify the Omni-Channel model best suited to new retail management in Taiwan.

碩士
國立暨南國際大學
資訊管理學系
97
A two-stage fuzzy logarithmic multiple objective preference programming approach is proposed to derive priorities of all comparisons matrices simultaneously and tolerance parameter is applied to cope with the inconsistent problem of the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and the ANP (Analytic Network Process). Besides, the FPP (Fuzzy Preference Programming) Mikhailov proposed is the kernel of our method, but the weakness of the FPP is that it obtains priorities of comparisons matrices by additive constraints, and it generates different priorities by processing upper and lower triangular judgments. Our proposed method can generate same priorities form upper and lower triangular judgments with crisp, interval and fuzzy value by the multiplicative constraints rather than additive constraints. Finally, four examples are illustrated to verify the proposed method in more detail.

碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
工業工程與管理系
98
The development of information is rapid, so people can get information that they want from internet. Nowadays people emphasize leisure activities and environmental protection. Some people commute by bicycles. It makes us confusing to get much information from the internet. If there is a famous brand name bicycle, consumers will consider to purchase this bicycle. If the enterprises have brand equity, the selling cost and advertising expenditures will be reduced. The enterprises can get good sales. The methodologies of this study are Modified Delphi Method & Analytic Network Process (ANP). Though the expertise, we can get numbers of selection criteria. Finally, we get the answer that the brand loyalty is the key factor of the bicycle’s brand equity.

碩士
國立雲林科技大學
營建工程系碩士班
102
Developers often face commodity attribute positioning decision problems. The decision regarding a piece of land to be developed into town-house, combo-house, single-house or commercial store is an excrementally complicated problem. This study integrates the influencing factors of launching a residence case considered by developers. Via expert interviews and relevant data analysis, the study investigates the needs of residence developing to provide decision making assistance in terms of launching a residence developing case. Methods applied to carry out the research mainly include expert questionnaire survey and analytical network process (ANP). Related literatures are reviewed to develop initial assessment factors. The fuzzy Delphi expert questionnaires are then used to build-up the initial assessment criteria. The ANP are used to establish the hierarchy frame and guidelines for relations of interdependence and feedback, and etc. Research results indicate that the priority of assessment items in level II can be identified via the average weight of phase. Ranking the phase in descending order in terms of importance is: transport factor (0.334), natural condition (0.210), building property (0.167), economic factor (0.150) and utilities (0.139). It is obvious that the transport factor is the most important one considered by experts when selecting residence in the particular area. Of the building investment and development assessment factor, excellent living environmental index system, rather than the actual financial benefit index system, ought to be investigated deeply. The transportation condition of the resident site is one of the important indeice when developing residential housing. Natural condition and house property assessment phases reveal that quality living environment is also an important consideration by the real estate developers. Public facility assessment phase shows that regional environment integrity of public facilities and their integration both play an important role in terms of building style selection. Economic factor is secondary importance in terms of residential location assessment. In addition to the higher integration of regional environment infrastructure and real benefits, a quality living environment certainly contributes to real estate development residential location selection of preferred development considerations.

碩士
國立成功大學
國際管理碩士在職專班
96
In this paper, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) has been presented to select the best location for multinational corporation (MNC) subsidiary in Mainland China. The ANP is useful method for solving corporate decision problems such as location selection. There is a lack of published papers in the operational research field demonstrating the ANP method with a case study for location selection. Based on the case study in this paper, it is suggested that the ANP is applicable for company to solve the problem regarding location selection of subsidiary particularly in Mainland China in terms of Foreign Direct Invesment (FDI) and can be accepted by managers as decision making process tool. Location factors consisting of labor cost, infrastructure, tax structure, market demand, labor quality, and political risk are the most importance of location determinants. Shanghai is yet the favorite location for building subsidiary in Mainland China followed by Guangdong and Fujian.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
106
In 1979, chain supermarkets first introduced to Taiwan, which was favored by many consumers. Many retailers chose to change the new sales model and formed a chain craze. Therefore, the successful transformation of some retailers into Chain convenience stores, in line with the trend of information technology retail development of new business models, increase operating performance and performance. In this study, we use the ANP to establish a hierarchical structure of network service quality, sorting out the evaluation criteria from the literature, conducting a questionnaire survey for industrial experts, and constructing a hierarchical structure. The three chain supervisors are the unified super- And Laier Fu, using the ANP method to find out the Omni-Channel new retail model that is most suitable for integration in Taiwan, based on its business model and business strategy, Enterprises to create greater revenue efficiency.

碩士
國立臺中教育大學
數位內容科技學系碩士班
101
Recently, e-commerce has gradually replaced the traditionally physical business channels due to its low-cost and high-efficiency virtual business model. Specially, the bank industry requested the higher labor cost needed to utilize the e-commerce features to remain the high hyper-competition. The various transaction ways of B2C (Business To Customer) has been rapidly applied but the firm banking feature transaction of B2B (Business To Business) is only currently employed in the bank industry. The reason is that trading processes of firm banking implement processes are more complex than trading procedures of individual customer operation, such as the internal control transaction, finance compatibility, foreign exchange transaction and etc. Therefore, it’s a contributive valuable research to discover the key factors for the bank industry to comprehensively construct their firm banking platform. This research not only makes a comprehensive survey of the relative literatures in the firm banking field for finding out a series of the key factors but also cross-employs the factor analysis (FA) and analytic network process (ANP) to analyze the expert’s questionnaires from the three core analytical perspectives consisted of industrialists, governors, and scholars aspect. Though this consolidated methodology, it is able to induce not only the most critical evaluated criteria but also the important priority of these critical evaluated criteria. According to the evaluated results of this research, the priority of fourteen critical evaluated criteria of the firm banking consists of bank trust and brand, bank account service satisfaction, relationship of bank, interactive relationship, the professional evaluation and service, business partner, financial security, systematic compatibility of system, information security, systematic functions, users’ habits, cost benefits, corporate organization reengineering, financial operation efficiency and comparative advantage. In addition, this research also provides academic and practical recommendations in the future relative research.

碩士
開南大學
企業與創業管理學系
96
"Outsourcing" is one of the supply chain management strategies which can solve capacity shortage, manufacturing process bottleneck, and high cost. However, the quality of the companies that get subcontract are uneven, so the subcontract performances are not good, and the loss of business and goodwill. Reviewing the studies of subcontract estimation, we can know that most of them suppose that the indexes of checking items are all independent, but they omit that if the indexes are mutual dependent or feedback. This study uses ANP (Analytic Network Process) to decide checking items and priorities, and pick out the best subcontracting companies by VIKOR（VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje）. The case of this study uses panel-industry, which has good supply chain structure, to be an example, and focuses on polarizer, a key component of a panel company. Besides introducing polarizer structure, usage and manufacturing process, it also makes the checking items and priorities that are for subcontracting TAC films (三醋酸纖維素), polarizer processing. Then pick out the subcontracting-companies by using questionnaire analysis. What we know from the study result is: the picked out companies are different between ANP and other general methods. After specialists analyzed, the picked out company A also has the same specialty. From the viewpoint of polarizer supply chain, the upstream and downstream companies have good profits, and the middle companies have worse profits. So polarizer companies have no authority to decide the cost and price. Meanwhile, the material suppliers are very few, so the subcontractors usually focus on "Service (Customer Service and Shipping Rate)" and "Flexibility (Request and Capacity Provision)". This study provides the polarizer companies a good reference when then choose companies to do subcontract jobs. On the other side, it also gives the chosen companies a direction which they have to enhance when they want to get the subcontract.

Os aeroportos e o seu hinterland encontram-se hoje em dia sob o foco de intensa investigação académica em termos de impactos económicos, sociais e ecológicos. Neste trabalho, visamos o estudo da eficiência geográfica dos aeroportos portugueses, usando para o efeito três Análises Envoltórias de Dados (DEA) com Rendimentos Variáveis à Escala (VRS), e uma ponderação das eficiências técnicas obtidas através do VRS DEA. Estes modelos são previamente apoiados por uma selecção de inputs e outputs com base nas prioridades definidas através do Processo Analítico de Rede (ANP). Observa-se que os aeroportos de Lisboa (continental) e de Santa Maria (ilha) se encontram na fronteira eficiente para todos os outputs seleccionados (com rendimentos constantes à escala). Sete aeroportos das ilhas obtêm resultados de eficiência técnica bastante bons, com especial destaque para Santa Maria, Corvo, Graciosa e Horta. O aeroporto de Faro obtém níveis de eficiência técnica especialmente baixos para os outputs número de destinos directos e volume de carga processada. Conclui-se que os aeroportos, ao contrário do que seria expectável, não sofrem de uma dissociação da eficiência consoante a sua localização geográfica, tipo de operação (Carga ou Passageiros) ou tamanho efectivo do aeroporto. Os aeroportos com uma função Low Cost apresentam resultados aquém dos obtidos para os aeroportos com operações ditas mais generalistas, por via do efeito do número de destinos.

碩士
元智大學
工業工程與管理學系
100
With the rapid change of technology around the world, the development of Semiconductor and SiP technique, SiP design house is the same as IC design house, which mainly research and develop new product with no factory to produce their own product, all production are processed by out sourcing. Under the rage competition between 3C products, whoever launches the new product first wins the preemptive opportunity. However, there are few documents suggest an evaluating system toward related outsourcing vendor. A qualified outsourcing vendor is able to offer good quality and punctual delivery, in other words, outsourcing vendor plays an important part toward SiP design House. As a result, how to choose a qualified outsourcing vendor is an urgent issue. Meanwhile, because the selection of outsourcing vendor in the past usually depends on the subjective judgment of the decision maker, there is no objective and systematic way to evaluate the outsourcing vendors. The evaluation of outsourcing vendors is a multi-criteria decision-making problem, and the factors are hard to be separated. The decision-making process has a relationship of dependence and feedback. In actual evaluation, there are often conflicts between criteria. To solve this problem, this research proposes an efficient method which combines analytic network process (ANP) and vlseKriterjumska optimizacija i kompromisno resenje (VIKOR). This method can help SiP design house select qualified outsourcing vendor effectively. We reviewed related documents and developed the primitive evaluating indicators of outsourcing vendor. Apply the modified Delphi method with the indicators to organize the opinions from experts and further conclude four respects, including "service respect", "consistency respect" "relationship respect" and "flexibility respect" and 15 criteria. Followed by analyzing the decision-making system of analytic network process (ANP) relationship of dependence and feedback to calculate the relative weighting of outsourcing vendor evaluating criteria, then combine with the VIKOR in the multiple criteria decision making (MCDM). This research results suggested the first three requirements of outsourcing vendor criteria are: "communication and comprehensive ability", "problem-solving ability", and "technique ability". The result also find out that quality, price and the due date is no longer the main consideration, but differs from industry demands, criteria and weighting. Now, enterprises values more on communication and comprehensive ability, problem-solving ability, and technique ability. This research offers process and indicators as reference tool for SiP design house to evaluate outsourcing vendor.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
106
In the age of free competition, the telecommunications industry has brought a wide range of choices to consumers. However, in the increasingly competitive market environment and in the era of 5G, the telecommunications industry must make more cautious appraisals of the input resources for its operations so as to enhance output and performance. In line with the information Technological innovation, the development of a new retail business model. In this study, we use the network analysis and arrangement (ANP) to establish the hierarchical structure of network service quality, sorting out the evaluation criteria from the literature, conducting a questionnaire survey for industry experts and constructing a hierarchical structure. The three sample telecom companies are Chunghwa Telecom, Taiwan Mobile, Asia Pacific Telecom, the use of ANP method, with its business model and business strategy (innovation, growth, differences, costs, alliances) with the channel type analysis of its effectiveness to find the most suitable for integration of the actual situation in Taiwan, all-access (Omni-Channel) type, to create greater revenue efficiency.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
99
The enterprises generally use information technology to increase competitive advantage of the industry core business, promoted in the express logistics services fast, secure, transparent and service quality, that these information technology supporting not only network technology but also applying to business management it had Increase business value, and service consumers to reach a win-win goal. For the Express Logistics Service Provider of logistics information systems and hardware investments, Construction of global logistics service network, enhance the core competitiveness, The Headquarters-driven global logistics information system operation instant and standardized features, the best format with Express Logistics and transportation information for the effectiveness and efficiency in the logistics needs, Reached the Express Logistics delivery services advertised by the fast, safe and transparent information on the four demands and service quality so as to obtain the highest customer satisfaction The scope of this study is to analyze the suitable channel by advanced methods of the Analytic Network Process (ANP) for the Express Logistics Service Provider to meet the challenge of competitions. The patterns of management-The Express Logistic service provider on Taiwan Region, were evaluated based on analysis of Express Logistics service management information Systems of management: innovation, growth, cost, differentiation, and alliance. The Headquarters-driven global logistics information system operation instant and standardized channel was selected as the most suitable channel based on these studies, and the suitability of this channel to Express Logistics Service Provider was further provided with value chain.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
99
The enterprises generally use information technology to increase competitive advantage of the industry core business, promoted in the express logistics services fast, secure, transparent and service quality, that these information technology supporting not only network technology but also applying to business management of the real-virtual channel business model, and service consumers to reach a win-win goal. For the Express Logistics Service Provider in Taiwan Region, three types of channels were used commonly-including the real channel, the virtual channel, and the click-and-mortar channel. The scope of this study is to analyze the suitable channel by advanced methods of the Analytic Network Process (ANP) for the Express Logistics Service Provider to meet the challenge of competitions. The patterns of management-The international air express service provider, domestic express delivery service provider, and great china area express service provider, were evaluated based on analysis of strategies of management: innovation, growth, cost, differentiation, and alliance. The click-and-mortar channel was selected as the most suitable channel based on these studies, and the suitability of this channel to Express Logistics Service Provider was further provided with value chain.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
流通管理系
103
The key competitive advantage of the retailers does not only confine to the innovation of the products and marketing mix because of online channels has been sharing the business achievement of retail industry in recent years. When the disparity between the products and service has become smaller and smaller with our competitors, in addition to customers’ value proposition, we should comprehend thorough customers’ requirements and analyze the consumption structure by a great amount of data in order to command customers’ mode of consumption correctly. It is one of the important factors in business pattern. Regards to a household life channel that often faces to the end consumers, if it can’t understand exactly customers’ requirements, then it could not become a customer-oriented enterprise and bring its benefit into full play. However, following the vigorous development of the Internet, rapid logistic and instant information cost, customers can shop at home and it hits the physical channel. The whole consumption behavior has been changing, traders have to make a new selling price. This research is based on Taiwan household life channel, it discusses an innovation business type that is the most suitable for Taiwan household life channel by the Internet Analysis, it fits in the business strategy which is concerned by Taiwan household life channel as well.

碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
102
The paper uses the functions of process loop and mathematical model possessed by Petri net theory, which is a graphical model serving as a tool for dynamic simulation and analysis. Modified fuzzy analytic network process (ANP) selects procedures for the best plan, constructs Petri net dataflow computation chart, and establishes innovation process hybrid cloud and innovation process structure for LED standing/desk lamp. As for Modified fuzzy ANP theory, through the technique of patent keywords, and focusing on three techniques of LED standing/desk lamp to be improved, namely overall structure of standing/desk lamp, heat dissipation of standing/desk lamp and main structure of LED light source, the paper divides Plan A into “heat dissipation of standing/desk lamp + overall structure of standing/desk lamp,” Plan B into “overall structure of standing/desk lamp + main structure of LED light source,” and Plan C into “heat dissipation of standing/desk lamp + main structure of LED light source.”After exploration of different references and patents about standing/desk lamp products, the study takes extendable rod, connector, heat dissipation fin, heat sink, light source, light bulb shape and lamp shade as the important evaluation standards for selection of product design plan, and further calculates the weight of each plan. In times of calculation, the study consider internal interdependence among different evaluation criteria. But for the complicated internal interdependence and tedious calculation process, if general description is made, it is very difficult to understand their meaning within a short period of time. Therefore, the study usesPetri net dataflow computation model to establish a flow chart. First of all, the study employs position weight concept to calculate the normalized value of each criterion.And theses normalized value will be used again and again, so the study combine the subnet concept,it define the form of subnet which the place with dataflow computation is in need to reuse on the Modified fuzzy analytic network process of calculates the weight steps, when the dataflow computation is used again, we wouldn’t add any steps on the flowcahart.It achieves the advantages of clear on the system flowchart, and understand easily for users.After that, fuzzy theory is used to determine where the differenceoftwo normalized value is located at, and convert it to be the corresponding importance scale. Through weight computation chart constructed by Petri net dataflow computation model, the importance scale of internal interdependence of a plan clearly establishes the data source, data flow path and data result of each weight computation step on each step of computation chart. For each of the calculated weight matrix result, usingthe algorithm of supermatrix constructed by Petri net dataflow computation model, prioritized weight of each plan is confirmed, and the best plan is selected. Thus, innovation time is shortened, and the acquired new knowledge can be entered and expanded to the related engineering knowledgebase and patent knowledgebase of relational LED standing/desk lamp’s design and manufacturing process.Making use of Petri net dataflow computation chart’s huge logical power, function of mathematical model establishment and function of process loop, thestudy employs pure graphical symbols and short explanations to express tedious computation process and complicated internal interdependenceon charts. It achieves the advantages of clear understanding at a glance,shortened learning time for users, and fast understanding of the meaning of each step.

Nos últimos anos, o desenvolvimento das tecnologias tem provocado uma elevada competitividade entre as empresas, motivando a procura de estratégias que permitam ganhar vantagem competitiva, como por exemplo a monitorização do desempenho, através do uso de Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Contudo, o seu processo de seleção é complexo pelo facto de existirem diversos KPIs disponíveis para avaliar o desempenho e diversas relações entre os mesmos. Deste modo, a presente dissertação tem como objetivos a identificação de KPIs aplicáveis na indústria de manufatura de moldes de prensagem, e o desenvolvimento um modelo de decisão Analytic Network Process (ANP) na escolha de KPIs. De forma a cumprir com os objetivos propostos, é realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, através da qual foram identificados KPIs aplicáveis à indústria e possíveis estruturas e adaptações do modelo ANP, no processo de seleção de KPIs. Deste modo, foi possível desenvolver o modelo ANP aplicado à seleção de KPIs, através do qual serão priorizados um número reduzido dos mesmos. Com o objetivo de testar e validar a aplicação de um modelo de decisão, foi realizado um caso de estudo na empresa Volkswagen Autoeuropa. De forma a complementar a lista de KPIs previamente obtida foram realizadas entrevistas, obtendo uma lista de KPIs abrangente a todas as áreas. Procedeu-se à pré-seleção dos KPIs e posterior modelação do ANP através do software SuperDecisions, tendo-se aplicado o modelo ANP através de entrevistas diretas com o decisor, obtendo assim a ordenação por importância dos possíveis KPIs a implementar. Os KPIs foram implementados no sistema de informação BI da empresa, onde é possível visualizar o estado dos KPIs relativamente ao seu objetivo no dashboard. A implementação dos KPIs permitiu à empresa controlar as suas atividades, podendo assim implementar ações de melhoria que a levem a aumentar os seus níveis de desempenho e tornar a empresa competitiva no mercado.