Academic literature on the topic 'Analýza CATWOE'
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Journal articles on the topic "Analýza CATWOE"
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Fabijanec, Tomislav, and Lidija Kozačinski. "Analiza parametara kakvoće junećih polovica s obzirom na pasminu i spol." Meso 19, no. 2 (2017): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31727/m.19.2.5.
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Effect of breed and sex on analysed quality parameters of beef carcasses The aim of this study was to determine level of the influence of breed and sex, as well as their interaction on slaughtering traits of beef halves. The study was conducted on 80 beef cattle of which 40 were Simmental (20 male and 20 female) and 40 beef cattle (20 male and 20 female) were meat crossbreeds of Charolais, Limousin, Blonde d’Aquitaine cattle. Sex had a significant effect on slaughtering traits (P<0,001). Male of beef cattle had a significantly more favorable parameter values of weight slaughtering halves and netto daily weight gain (P<0,001). The breed had also a significant impact on slaughtering parameters (P<0,001). Significantly better parameter values of weight slaughtering halves, netto daily weight gain and dressing percentage were found in a group of crossbred beef cattle (P<0,001). Therefore, from the obtained results it can be concluded that the crossbreed cattle had a significantly better quality of beef halves (P<0,001).
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Semerci, Arif, Ahmet Duran Çelik, and Eylem Durmuş. "Türkiye’de Süt Sığırcılığı Sektöründeki Gelişmelerin Analizi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 4 (April 27, 2020): 949–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i4.949-956.3209.
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Husbandry has a special importance for people who live in rural areas in terms of agricultural income and profitability due to some contributions such as; providing cash flow throughout the year, product processing, balanced usage of labour force, and risk diversification. According to FAO data of 2017, Turkey’s ratio in the world’s total cattle existence was 0.99%, and it had a 2.78% ratio in total milk production. According to TSI data between 2004 and 2018; the number of total cattle reached 17.042.506 with a ratio increase of 4.62%, and the annual milk production amount reached 20.036.877 tons with a ratio increase of 7.23%. Within the period of time that is mentioned above, the contribution ratio of culture breed cattle in milk production reached 61.39% from 33.63%. However, in terms of milk cow productivity, Turkey is the 57th in the world. The cities of Konya, İzmir, Erzurum, Balıkesir, and Diyarbakır provide 21.74% of Turkey’s total milk cow existence, and 22.77% of the milk production total. In terms of agricultural subsidies which are provided by Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, husbandry took a share of 25.79% from the 14.5 billion TL total agricultural subsidies in 2018. According to the research results, directly or indirectly, husbandry contributes to decreasing development level differences between regions, and it helps to improve enterprises’ income levels in rural areas.
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Tutkun, Muhittin, Muzaffer Denli, and Abdullah Sessiz. "Diyarbakır İli Süt Sığırcılığı İşletmelerinin Yapısal Durum Analizi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 5 (June 4, 2017): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i5.476-483.933.
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This study was carried out to investigate the structure of dairy farms such as demographic information, management practises, production values, marketing of milk and milk products in Diyarbakır province. In the study, face to face interviews were realized with the 192 dairy farms having 25 and more cattle including 17 district. According to the data collected, dairy enterprises in the region consisted of family based enterprises (90%), cooperative enterprises (7%) and private dairy farms (3%). Cattle breeds distribution in enterprises consist of 12% native breeds, 25% cross- breeds and 63% pure breeds. In dairy enterprises, distribution of cattle was found as 59.7 % of cow, 11.8 % of heifer, 26.1 % of calf, and 2.4 % of bull. The average number of cattle and milking cow per farm were found as 46.7 and 27.8 heads respectively. The type of dairy barns was determined as tie-stall (89%), semi-open (8%) and free-stall (%3) in the cattle enterprises. The average size of land 56% of dairy farm was found under the 50 decares. The 92% of the dairy enterprises declared that the income from dairy was insufficient and 86% were not satisfied as well. The 23% of the farms are used the artificial insemination only. In the herd, 71% of cows were milked by hand and 29% by milking machine. It was found that only 6% of farms sold their milk to dairy factories. This research is important in terms of providing an important data base relating to dairy farming in Diyarbakir province
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SIMČIČ, Mojca, Miran ŠTEPEC, Betka LOGAR, Klemen POTOČNIK, and Dušan TERČIČ. "Analiza lastnosti zunanjosti pri prvesnicah cikastega goveda." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 108, no. 2 (February 25, 2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2016.108.2.4.
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The aim of the study was to analyse type traits in 1,086 first-calving Cika cows. Statistical model was analysed by GLM procedure in SAS/STAT statistical package, which included the fixed effect of scoring year, and age at scoring and days after calving as linear regressions. First-calving cows were on average 126.5 cm high at the withers at the age of 33.9 months, which clearly shows that it belongs to small to medium body sized cattle. The largest proportion of the variability was explained in the measured traits of the body frame (0.14–0.17). The explained proportion of variability among individual traits of autochthonous was between 0.03 and 0.07, while 0.12 in the composite trait of autochthonous. We found out that type traits and therefore the classification of animals were significantly affected at least the following effects: the scoring year, age and stage of lactation. Classification of animals into the appropriate type, should therefore, be carried out after exclusion of the environmental effects. This would give a more accurate classification of Cika first-calving cows.
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Koyubenbe, Nursel. "İzmir İlinde Süt Sığırcılığı İşletmelerinin Ekonomik Analizi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 10 (October 19, 2020): 2236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i10.2236-2242.3730.
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This study aimed to analyze the economic structure of dairy cattle farms, which were members of the Cattle Breeders’ Association in İzmir Province. For this purpose, Ödemiş, Tire, Bayındır and Kiraz districts of İzmir province were included in the study. The main material of the study consisted of data obtained from the farmers through the questionnaire. The data belongs to the 2017 production period. The number of farmers interviewed was determined as 67 by proportional sampling method. When the data were being analyzed, farms were evaluated in three groups depending on their size. According to farm groups, number of cows, respectively, was 5-14, 15-49 and over 50. In the farms surveyed, the average number of animals was 49 heads, the number of milked animals was 22 heads, the daily milk yield was 22 kg and the lactation yield was 7,123 kg. The total active capital of the farms was $373,449 and the share of animal capital in active capital was 22%. Total variable costs per farm were $44,599, fixed costs were $15,605 and production costs were $60,204. Variable costs constituted 74% of the production costs. The share of feed costs in variable costs was 78%. Gross production value was calculated as $67,211. The share of milk sales in gross production value was 61%. Average gross profit per farm is estimated as $22,612, net profit as $7,007 and proportional profit as 12%. It has been revealed that the net profit and proportional profit of small farms were negative. As a result, it can be said that the profitability level of medium and large-scale farms is high, whereas small scale farms meet with loses in the research region.
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Fatmawati, Mira, and Herawati Herawati. "Analisa Epidemiologi Kasus Helmintiasis pada Hewan Kurban di Kota Batu." Indonesia Journal of Halal 1, no. 2 (December 29, 2018): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/halal.v1i2.3664.
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Abstrack Eid of Adha is commemorated every 10 Dzulhijah followed by slaughtering a cattle, sheep or goat. That slaughter moment needed a lot of veterinarian to control animal health and meat inspection. The limitedness of personnel, therefore the Agriculture Office of Batu city cooperated with Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Brawijaya University to supervise a slaughtering animals. The purpose of this research is to analys the prevalensi of fasciolosis on eid of adha in Batu City. Total number of slaughtering aninal in Batu City in 2017 were 679 cattle, 2357 goats and 2277 sheep. The research was conducted in 3 sub-districts in Batu City. Data were collected during postmortem examination in liver organ. The results showed that the total cases of heminthiasis in cattle were 22.97% (156 cases of fasciolosis from 679 cattle), cases of helminthiasis in goats 1.65% (39 cases of fascioloisis from 2357 goats), cases of helminthiasis in sheep 4.83% (80 cases of fasciolosis from 1658 sheep). Most cases of cattle fasciolosis occurred in Junrejo sub-district (31.54%), most cases of goats fasciolosis occurred in in Bumiaji sub-district (2.13%) and most cases of lambs fasciolosis occurred in Batu sub-district (7.19%). The slaughter animals come from Batu City, Malang Municipality and Blitar Municipality. From the data above, it is necessary to do the programs of giving worm medicine and animal health information especially for farmer. Cross-border coordination within the framework of an animal health healing program needs to be prepared to work together. Veterinary public health have responsibility to prepared a secure, healthy, a whole and halal meat in that slaughter moment. Kata kunci: Eid of Adha; Helminthiasis; Fasciolosis; Batu City;Food Safety Abstrak Idul Adha yang diperingati setiap tanggal 10 Dzulhijah diikuti dengan penyembelihan hewan kurban. Pemotongan yang serentak pada hari yang sama membutuhkan pengawasan kesehatan hewan dari dokter hewan berwenang dalam rangka memberikan jaminan keamanan pangan. Karena keterbatasan personel, maka Dinas Pertanian Kota Batu bekerjasama dengan Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Brawijaya dalam pengawasan pemotongan hewan kurban saat Idul Adha. Tujuan pengawasan tersebut antara lain untuk memantau penyakit hewan menular dan penyakit zoonotik. Pemotongan hewan kurban di Kota Batu tahun 2017 sebanyak 679 ekor sapi, 2357 kambing dan 2277domba. Tujuan dari analisis studi epidemiologi ini adalah untuk melihat berapa banyak kasus helmintiasis yang ditemukan pada hewan kurban yang ada di Kota Batu. Penelitian dilakukan dilakukan di 3 kecamatan di Kota Batu pada titik-titik pemotongan hewan dengan menggunakan data deskriptif dari kuisioner terstruktur. Data kasus fasciolosis diperoleh pada saat pemeriksaan postmortem pada organ hati. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa total kasus fasciolosis pada sapi adalah 22,97% (156 kasus fasciolosis dari 679 ekor sapi), kasus fasciolosis pada kambing 1,65% (39 kasus fasciolosis dari 2357 ekor kambing), kasus fasciolosis pada domba 4,83% (80 kasus fasciolosis dari 1658 ekor domba). Kasus fasciolosis pada sapi terbanyak terjadi di Kecamatan Junrejo (31,54%), pada kambing yang terbanyak di Kecamatan Bumiaji (2,13%) dan pada domba yang terbanyak di Kecamatan Batu (7,19%). Hewan kurban berasal dari Kota Batu, Kabupaten Malang dan Kabupaten Blitar. Dari data diatas maka perlu dilakukan evaluasi mengenai program pemberian obat cacing dan pengasawan kesehatan hewan terutama untuk hewan kurban. Koordinasi lintas wilayah dalam rangka sinkronisasi program kesehatan hewan perlu dipersiapkan untuk dapat menyiapkan hewan kurban dan daging kurban yang aman, sehat, utuh, dan halal. Kata kunci: Idul Adha;Helmintiasis; Fasciolosis;Kota Batu;Keamanan Pangan
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Santoso, Agus. "Analisa Usaha Berbasis Persentase Karkas Yang Dihasilkan Dari Berbagai Strain Dan Asal Sapi Potong (Studi Kasus Di RPH Kademangan Kabupaten Blitar)." Manajemen Agribisnis: Jurnal Agribisnis 19, no. 2 (October 16, 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32503/agribisnis.v19i2.651.
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This study aims to determine the effect of badag on the percentage of carcass cattle from starin / different nationalities and cattle origin. The research was conducted in RPH Kademangan, Blitar regency for 4 months ie from January to April 2017. The material used was 200 head of cattle including Limmousin Peranakan Ongole (LimPO), and Simmental Peranakan Ongole (SimPO). The parameters observed were nation, age, live weight and cutting result. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis. The results showed that cattle from intensive farming (fattening) the carcass proportion of the SimPO nation (52.45%), and LimPO (51.38%). The weight of life is very significant effect on the percentage of carcass produced (P <0.05). Cattle derived from intensive farming (fattening) with the SimPO nation is more effective compared to other cattle origin and race. (R / C Ratio and B / C Ratio higher).
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Danuri, Danuri, and Jaroji Jaroji. "ELISITASI KEBUTUHAN PERANGKAT LUNAK REKRUTMEN PEGAWAI DENGAN PENDEKATAN SOFT SYSTEM METHODOLOGY." Just TI (Jurnal Sains Terapan Teknologi Informasi) 10, no. 2 (July 31, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46964/justti.v10i2.110.
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Pembangunan Perangkat Lunak diawali proses analisa terhadap kebutuhan perangkat lunak dari pengguna. Masalah yang dihadapi adalah keterbatasan dalam menyampaikan informasi mengenai sistem rekrutmen pegawai yang bersifat konvensional dan belum terstruktur dengan baik. Soft System Methodology digunakan sebagai pendekatan untuk mengindentifikasi masalah yang akan diselesaikan secara menyeluruh melalui 7 tahapan. Teknik Rich Picture digunakan untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang luas dari sejumlah masalah yang muncul. Proses analisis logik terhadap pemodelan masalah pada tahap root defenition memanfaatkan model CATWOE. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa pemetaan permasalahan dan kebutuhan pengguna yang terstruktur.
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Pedreira, Adriana Calmon de Brito, and Augusto de Oliveira Monteiro. "COMPETITIVIDADE E EVOLUÇÃO DA BOVINOCULTURA DE CORTE NO ESTADO DA BAHIA: UM ESTUDO BASEADO EM RECURSOS ESTRATÉGICOS." RDE - Revista de Desenvolvimento Econômico 1, no. 39 (April 2018): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.21452/rde.v1i39.5095.
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Este trabalho apresenta um estudo da competitividade e desempenho da bovinocultura de corte no Estado da Bahia com base na Resources Based View – RBV. Analisa as
características gerais do setor, as possibilidades de inovação nos contextos tecnológico, or
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Radišić, Teodora. "Arheologija pejzaža kasnog latena južne Panonije: perspektive i mogućnosti analiza stabilnih izotopa." Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 12, no. 3 (November 18, 2017): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v12i3.4.
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In the long tradition of research into the La Tene period in the region of South Pannonia many questions have been raised, but economic activity, especially agriculture and cattle-breeding, have not received due attention. The existing archaeological data permit the hypothesis that both settlement and agriculture intensified during this period, and these activities may have induced changes in the landscape. However, apart from sporadic comments, this topic has not been the object of research. The development of landscape archaeology and stable isotope analyses have made possible a better understanding of the ways people moved through landscape, used and changed it. It should be borne in mind that landscapes are not only spaces out of which humans derive resources in the most rational way, but also a product, medium, and a reflexion of various individual and collective experiences on social, symbolic and historical levels. The paper discusses the possibilities and perspectives of application of stable isotope analyses of carbon and strontium in animal bones retrieved from the late La Tene settlements in South Pannonia, with the aim of verifying the existing hypotheses and formulating new ones concerning economic practices and socio-political circumstances.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Analýza CATWOE"
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Tamtam, Abdurrzzag Giuma A. "A Framework for Exploring Information Systems Quality Perspectives." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233430.
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Záměrem předložené disertační práce je porozumět tomu, jak investoři v konkrétním společenském kontextu vnímají význam kvality informačních systémů. Ze studia literatury zabývající se přístupy a rámci hodnocení kvality informačních systémů vyplývá, že tato kvalita je obecně hodnocena z hlediska striktního přístupu. V této práci je ukázáno, že kvalitu informačního systému lze smysluplně pochopit použitím interpretačního paradigmatu a že kvalita informačního systému je definována společensky a ovlivňována kontextem tohoto systému. Studie byla zahájena průzkumem dvaceti libyjských organizací. Podrobnější data byla získána z případové studie dvou vybraných libyjských organizací působících ve veřejném sektoru. Při empirické analýze nashromážděných dat bylo využito rámce mnohočetné perspektivy, který zahrnuje hlediska teorie strukturalizace, pojem mnohočetných perspektiv a metodologii měkkých systémů. V práci se dospělo ke zjištění, že: a) kvalita informačních systémů je pojata šíře, než je tomu u tradiční definice kvality, b) mnohočetné perspektivy kvality informačních systémů jsou ovlivněny opakovanou interakcí mezi investorem a institucionálními vlastnostmi kontextu informačního systému a že c) rozdílné hodnoty v kulturním prostředí a vnějším kontextu ovlivňují rozsah působnosti investora a interakce v kontextu informačního systému. Ze závěru práce vyplývá, že společenská skladba mnohočetných perspektiv kvality informačního systému je ovlivněna strukturalizačními procesy mezi investory a vlastnostmi v kontextu informačního systému.
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Nepomnyashchiy, Ilya. "Fundamentální a technická analýza vybraného aktiva." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-263923.
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The goal of the thesis is to evaluate the degree of efficiency of the particular markets and to apply the methods of fundamental and technical analysis on them in order to assess their efficiency in terms of profitablity. The thesis analyses the degree of long-term memory of the particular commodities and stock indices via Hurst coefficient. Afterwards fundamental and technical methods are applied to the market with the highest degree of long-term memory, which is the feeder cattle market. Indidivual methods from both disciplines are being applied at first, after wich a combnation of both is appleid as well. The result is the discovery, whether combining the two approaches leads to a higher profitability of the trading strategy. At the end the effect of transacton costs is also evalauted and a final conclusion is made regarding the profit potential of both methods for the case of individual Czech investor.
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Chen, Cheng-Chang. "An electrophysiological approach to analyze lysosomal cation channels of the TRP channel superfamily." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-176190.
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Abromaitis, Aidas. "Mėsinės galvijininkystės šeimos ūkio veiklos analizė ir optimizavimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130426_104610-02424.
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Ūkininkų ir šeimos ūkių svarba mėsinių galvijų auginimo srityje didėja. Mėsinių ir mišrūnų veislių galvijų skaičius per penkerius metus (2007-2011 m.) padidėjo (Žemės ūkio informacijos ir kaimo verslo centro duomenys). Lietuvos šeimos ūkiai turi ilgalaikę patirtį galvijų auginimo srityje, tačiau mėsinių galvijų auginimas yra besivystanti sritis, kurios plėtrai reikia paskatų ir optimizavimo.
Šio darbo tikslas yra remiantis atlikta Lietuvos žemės ūkio sektoriaus analize ir jautienos rinkos analize, išanalizuoti mėsinės galvijininkystės šeimos ūkyje veiklą ir nustatyti mėsinių galvijų auginimo šeimos ūkyje optimizavimo būdus.
Darbo tikslui pasiekti keliami tokie uždaviniai: 1. Atlikti Lietuvos žemės ūkio sektoriaus analizę; 2. Atlikti pasaulio, Europos Sąjungos ir Lietuvos jautienos rinkos analizę; 3. Išanalizuoti jautienos kokybės vertinimo sistemas; 4. Išanalizuoti mėsinių galvijų auginimo šeimos ūkyje galimybes; 5. Nustatyti mėsinių galvijų auginimo šeimos ūkyje optimizavimo būdus.
Darbe naudojami tyrimo metodai: 1. Pirminių duomenų šaltinių analizė; 2. Antrinių duomenų ir mokslinės literatūros studijavimas ir analizė; 3. Finansinės analizės metodas.
Praktinė baigiamojo darbo reikšmė. Šis darbas supažindina su dabartine Lietuvos žemės ūkio būkle bei išskiria mėsos sektorių, konkrečiai mėsinę galvijininkystę. Atlikta išsami Lietuvos žemės ūkio analizė, orientuota į šeimos ūkius aptaria problemas, investicijas, ūkininkų gaunamas ES paramas šiai vėslo šakai plėtoti. Ši... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The livestock sector is a significant supplier of food to Lithuanian consumers and an important source of export in Lithuania. Lithuanian family farms have a long experience in the production of cattle, but beef cattle is a developing area which requires development incentives and optimization The main objective of this thesis is after the analysis of Lithuanian agriculture sector and beef market, to analyze beef production family farm performance and to determine beef production in family farm optimization opportunities. The main tasks of this thesis are: 1. To analyze the Lithuanian agriculture sector; 2. To analyze world, EU and Lithuanian beef meat market; 3. To analyze the measurement systems of beef meat quality; 4. To analyse the production opportunities of beef in family farm; 5. To determine the ways to optimize the beef production in family farm. Used methods: 1. The primary data analysis; 2. The secondary data analysis; 3. The financial analysis. This work consists of three chapters. The first part defines the agricultural sector of Lithuania, as well as family farm’s situation in Lithuania. The second part analyzes the main trends in the beef meat market. The third part analyses the opportunities for beef cattle production in Lithuanian family farms. In the last part you will find beef cattle growing in family part analysis and ways to optimize the farm’s performance.
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Chen, Cheng-Chang [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Wahl-Schott. "An electrophysiological approach to analyze lysosomal cation channels of the TRP channel superfamily / Cheng-Chang Chen. Betreuer: Christian Wahl-Schott." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1062492714/34.
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Bavaras, Stanislovas. "Žalųjų ir žalmargių bulių veislinės vertės pagal eksterjero požymius palyginamoji analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130618_095911-11350.
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Magistro darbo tikslas - įvertinti žalųjų ir žalmargių bulių eksterjero veislinės vertės požymius ir jų koreliaciją.
Darbo uždaviniai : 1. Atlikti žalųjų ir žalmargių bulių eksterjero veislinės vertės rodiklių ir jų priklausomybės analizę. 2. Ištirti atskirų žalųjų ir žalmargių veislių bulių palyginamąją analizę pagal dukterų eksterjero veislinę vertę.
Tyrimo metu buvo analizuojami 107 žalųjų ir žalmargių bulių, gimusių nuo 1995 m. iki 2008 m. eksterjero įvertinimai.
Nustatyta, kad maksimalus eksterjero įvertinimas siekė 122, minimalus - 72, todėl eksterjero vertinimų rangas siekia net 50 indekso taškų. Vidurkis, 93,21, yra gana artimas modai ir medianai, vidurkio paklaida yra gana maža, todėl galima teigti, jog jis gana tiksliai atspindi eksterjero įvertinimų pasiskirstymą. Standartinis nuokrypis rodo, kad daugiausia reikšmių yra išsidėstę ± 8,74 indekso vienetų apie vidurkį.
Atlikus koreliacinę analizę galima matyti, kad labiausiai su bendru karvės eksterjero įvertinimu koreliuoja tešmens vertinimas – net 0,87, kuris bendrame indekse sudaro 40 proc. Bendro kūno išsivystymo požymių indeksas turi stiprų tiesioginį ryšį su buliaus bendro eksterjero įvertinimo indeksu, r = 0,869. Galūnių indekso koreliacija su eksterjero bendru indeksu kiek atsilieka (r = 0,81), tačiau jų koreliacijos laipsnis taip pat vertinamas kaip labai stiprus.
Pagal kūno bendro išsivystymo indeksą (104,0) ir tešmens indeksą (99,5) pirmauja žalmargiai holšteinai, kurie vidutiniškai surenka... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The aim of this research was to evaluate the breeding value of exterior traits of red-and-white bulls in Lithuania. The goals: 1. To perform exterior assessment analysis of Red and Red-and-White bulls. 2. To examine breeding values for exterior indexes of Red and Red-and-White bulls tested in Lithuania and to perform their comparative analysis. The study included the analysis of exterior ratings of 107 red and red-and-white bulls born since 1995 to 2008. It was determined that the maximum total exterior index was 122, the minimum - 72, and the range of exterior ranks were 50 points. Average of 93.21, is quite close to the mode and the median, the average error is quite small, so it can be said that it is a fairly accurate assessment of the exterior. Standard deviation indicates that most values are located ±8.74 points on average. After performing correlation analysis it can be said that biggest correlation coeficient is between udder index and total exterior index – 0.87. It is quite logical - calculating udder index takes 40% in the total exterior index. Body conformation index also has a strong direct relationship with the total exterior index of the bulls - correlation coefficient was 0.869. Coefficient of correlation between index of feet and legs and total exterior index was some lower, i.e. 0.81, but the degree of correlation is also relised as very strong. Red-and-White Holstein is the leading breed of bulls according to the body conformation index (104.0) and... [to full text]
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Oberauskas, Darius. "Lietuvos žalųjų ir žalmargių galvijų genealoginė struktūra, produktyvumo, reprodukcinių bei eksterjero savybių analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050412_134947-22569.
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The study was carried out at the Laboratory of Animal Breeding Value Establishment and Selection of Lithuanian Veterinary Academy in the time of postgraduate studies from 2003 to 2005. During the last seven years Lithuanian red and red-and-white controlled dairy cattle breeds average yield increased 41.7%, milk fat production - 50.9%, milk proteins production – 46.1%. Between milk fat and milk proteins was found medium positive correlation coefficient (rp =0.36-0.56; p<0.01), which show milk fat increasing has positive effect to milk proteins increasing. Correlation coefficient between milk production and milk fat, milk proteins is very high (rp =0.87-0.96; p<0.01). The analysis of Variance showed the breed influence on reproductive traits of cow to be statistically reliable (p<0.001). The breed had the greatest influence on cows age during calving. The influence of bulls line on many traits of cows exterior is statistically reliable (p<0,001).
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Šlyžius, Evaldas. "Lietuvos juodmargių galvijų genealoginė struktūra ir jos tobulinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060316_141054-43115.
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The aim of this paper is to add to the genealogical structure of breeding Black and White cattle, to analyse their productivity and other profitable features of farms by methods of genetic statistics.
The Results of Survey. The first line of Black and White bulls in Lithuania were Plessas LT 149, Gulbių Riteris LT 277, Olaf LT 276, Hanmaksas LT 1200, Kraft-Stipruolis LT 1201, Garsas LT 200 and etc. In Lithuania a new period of creation and breeding of Black and White genealogical structure started when Black and White cattle from Holland were used en masse in order to improve the cattle breed. The best Black and White bulls from Holland were chosen as initials. Those breeds were: Annas Adema 30587, Wytsturt Annas Adema 36079, Frizo Wouter 33116, Haubois Annas Adema 44162, Diamant 33251, Haskera Governeur 44506, Hiltjes Adema 37910, Rotterda Paul 36498, Jelsumer Rudolf Jan 42884 and Adema 25473.
The evaluation of bull’s inheritable features was done with help of features of descendant’s productivity and cattle’s were chosen and bought very purposefully. From 1967 till 1976 the following breeds were created: B. Pieter LJ 305, Sietse LJ 340, Hildoj 363, Katso LJ 483, Vautero LJ 738 and some lines of Klaso LJ 335, Adema LJ 770. Paulio LJ 771, Imperatoriaus LJ 1160, Burto LJ 2085, LangerioLJ 2523 descent.
In thirty latter years Black and White cattle’s in Lithuania were being intensively improved by Black and White breed from Holland, Denmark, England and Germany and by Holsteins... [to full text]
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Petr, Jakub. "Nové materiály pro Li-iontové baterie pracující na principu konverze." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220927.
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This thesis is interested in new materials for lithium – ion batteries. Two different samples were investigated, one intercalation and one conversion cathode material. The theoretical part is focused to the structure of cells, their advantages and disadvantages compared to other secondary batteries. Also other materials used in batteries are described. The practical part describes the preparation of cathode materials for subsequent testing by scanning elektron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. In conclusions two different materials were evaluated and compared with each other.
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Funiak, Martin. "Klasifikace testovacích manévrů z letových dat." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264978.
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Zapisovač letových údajů je zařízení určené pro zaznamenávání letových dat z různých senzorů v letadlech. Analýza letových údajů hraje důležitou roli ve vývoji a testování avioniky. Testování a hodnocení charakteristik letadla se často provádí pomocí testovacích manévrů. Naměřená data z jednoho letu jsou uložena v jednom letovém záznamu, který může obsahovat několik testovacích manévrů. Cílem této práce je identi kovat základní testovací manévry s pomocí naměřených letových dat. Teoretická část popisuje letové manévry a formát měřených letových dat. Analytická část popisuje výzkum v oblasti klasi kace založené na statistice a teorii pravděpodobnosti potřebnou pro pochopení složitých Gaussovských směšovacích modelů. Práce uvádí implementaci, kde jsou Gaussovy směšovací modely použité pro klasifi kaci testovacích manévrů. Navržené řešení bylo testováno pro data získána z letového simulátoru a ze skutečného letadla. Ukázalo se, že Gaussovy směšovací modely poskytují vhodné řešení pro tento úkol. Další možný vývoj práce je popsán v závěrečné kapitole.
Books on the topic "Analýza CATWOE"
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Sawan, Amira. Securitizarea frontierelor Uniunii Europene in contextul crizei refugiatilor sirieni. Nevoia de regandire a politicii europene privind azilul si migratia. Editura Universitara, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5682/9786062812324.
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Teza de doctorat are drept obiectiv de cercetare realizarea unei analize amanuntite a recentelor evolutii din cadrul politicii de securizare a frontierelor Uniunii Europene in contextul pe care il voi numi „criza europeana a refugiatilor sirieni din anul 2015”, din ratiuni pe care le voi descrie ulterior, utilizand perspectiva securitatii drept un fenomen construit social, propusa prin constructivism si in special de catre reprezentantii de Scolii de la Copenhaga, din dorinta de a propune o alternativa viabila pentru politica europeana comuna de azil si migratie. In acest sens, centrale in analiza mea vor fi conceptele de securitizare si securitate politica pe care le voi utiliza in scopul realizarii analizei efective a procesului de securitizare a frontierelor pe care il consider drept un mecanism de relegitimare a procesului de integrare politica europeana.
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Callahan, Dan. The Camera Lies. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197515327.001.0001.
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Though he was known for saying, “Actors are cattle,” Alfred Hitchcock had highly specific ideas about film acting, which he saw in terms of contrast and counterpoint. Hitchcock was a theorist of acting, which he proved in some of his lesser-known 1930s interviews, and he has not been given his due as a director of actors. He felt that the camera was duplicitous and that it could be made to lie, and so he loved his actors to look one way and to be another, or to do one thing and suggest another. The best Hitchcock actor was one, the Master said, who could “do nothing well,” to which he always added that this was actually difficult to do. This book will analyze actors in Hitchcock films, exploring what acting for Hitchcock entailed and what acting is and can be in the cinema.
Book chapters on the topic "Analýza CATWOE"
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"Using Soft Systems Methodology for the Analysis of Sustainable Energy Initiatives." In Applications of Soft Systems Methodology for Organizational Change, 211–32. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4504-1.ch010.
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The chapter is devoted to the energy efficiency analysis as a prerequisite for sustainable use of energy. In this regard, the current study is focused on the application of soft systems methodology (SSM) and its role as a problem structuring approach to analyze the energy efficiency initiatives. For this purpose, four research works were addressed. The mentioned researches employed a combination of multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and (SSM) to assess the energy efficiency initiatives. The obtained results included the role of key players in rich pictures with a potential interest in a system for energy efficiency initiatives evaluations, the definition of the root, CATWOE components, and a conceptual model. The results of such processes could be applied in the establishment of a sufficiently accurate decision model capable of offering structured support giving rise to a more informed decision in terms of the energy efficiency measures implementation.
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Deseure, Jonathan, and Jérôme Aicart. "Solid Oxide Steam Electrolyzer: Gas Diffusion Steers the Design of Electrodes." In Electrodialysis. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90352.
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The hydrogen production by SOECs coupled with renewable energy sources is a promising route for the sustainability hydrogen economy. Multiphysics computing simulations appear to be the most efficient approaches to analyze the coupled mechanisms of SOEC operation. Using a relevant model, it is possible to predict the electrical behavior of solid oxide electrodes considering the current collector design. The influences of diffusion and grain diameter on cell performances can be investigated through 2D simulations, current–voltage characteristics, and current source distribution through electrodes. The simulation results emphasize that diffusion is linked to a relocation of the reaction away from the interface electrolyte/electrode, in the volume of the cathode. Furthermore, the current collector proves itself to be a great obstacle to gas access, inducing underneath it a shortage of steam. Inducing gradients of grain diameters in both anode and cathode drives the current sources to occur close to the electrode/electrolyte interface, thus decreasing ohmic losses and facilitating gas access. This approach shows the crucial importance of cathode microstructure as this electrode controls the cell response.
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Kendall, Iain, Rosalind Gillis, Marie Balasse, and Richard Evershed. "Hodowla bydła w świetle analizy izotopów trwałych / Stable isotope perspectives of cattle husbandry practices." In Ocalone Dziedzictwo Archeologiczne, 277–88. Wydawnictwo i Pracownia Archeologiczna PROFIL-ARCHEO, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33547/oda-sah.08.lud.07.3.
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Kumar, Rajiv. "IoT and Deep Learning for Livestock Management." In Examining the Impact of Deep Learning and IoT on Multi-Industry Applications, 80–96. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7511-6.ch006.
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Livestock management is a critical issue for the farming industry as proper management including their health and well-being directly impacts the production. It is difficult for a farmer or shed owner to monitor big herds of cattle manually. This chapter proposes a layered framework that utilizes the power of internet of things (IoT) and deep learning (DL) to real-time livestock monitoring supporting the effective management of cattle. The framework consists of sensor layer where sensor-rich devices or gadgets are used to collect various contextual data related to livestock, data processing layer which deals with various outlier rejections and processing of the data followed by DL approaches to analyze the collected contextual data in detecting sick and on heat animals, and finally, insightful information is sent to shed owner for necessary action. An experimental study conducted is helpful to make wise decisions to increase production cost-effectively. The chapter concludes with the different future aspects that may be further explored by the researchers.
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Kaushik, S. C., Ravita Lamba, and S. K. Tyagi. "Physics, Modelling, and Optimization Studies of Photon-Enhanced Thermionic Emission-Based Hybrid Energy Conversion System." In Handbook of Research on Power and Energy System Optimization, 399–452. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3935-3.ch012.
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The sustainable development of clean and efficient electricity generation techniques accelerated the research for invention of alternative electricity generation methods. In this chapter, the conceptual analysis of newly invented photon-enhanced thermionic emission (PETE) energy conversion process has been presented. It is a promising option for harvesting solar energy in terms of capturing photon as well as thermal energy simultaneously and converting solar energy into electrical energy based on photovoltaic and thermionic emission processes of energy conversion. Thus, the PETE process utilizes photons for PV conversion and heat of radiation for thermionic emission process. The main objective of this chapter is to review and analyze the performance of PETE converters including thermal modeling, choice of materials, and parametric optimization. The appropriate choice of material requirements for cathode and anode of PETE converters is necessary for practical design of PETE converters. The PETE converter may be an efficient future option for electricity generation using solar energy.
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Evarista Arellano-García, María, Olivia Torres-Bugarín, Maritza Roxana García-García, Daniel García-Flores, Yanis Toledano-Magaña, Cinthya Sofia Sanabria-Mora, Sandra Castro-Gamboa, and Juan Carlos García-Ramos. "Genomic Instability and Cyto-Genotoxic Damage in Animal Species." In Veterinary Medicine and Science. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99685.
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Genomic instability is a condition that may be associated with carcinogenesis and/or physiological disorders when genetic lesions are not repaired. Besides, wild, captive, and domesticated vertebrates are exposed to xenobiotics, leading to health disorders due to cytogenotoxicity. This chapter provides an overview of tests to assess cytogenotoxicity based on micronuclei (MNi) formation. Bone marrow micronuclei test (BmMNt), peripheral blood erythrocyte micronuclei test (PBMNt), and lymphocyte cytokinesis blocking micronuclei assay (CBMN) are discussed. The most illustrative studies of these techniques applied in different vertebrates of veterinary interest are described. The values of spontaneous basal micronuclei in captive, experimental, and farm animals (rodents, hamsters, pigs, goats, cattle, horses, fish) are summarized. In addition, a flow cytometry technique is presented to reduce the time taken to record MNi and other cellular abnormalities. Flow cytometry is helpful to analyze some indicators of genomic instability, such as cell death processes and stages (necrosis, apoptosis) and to efficiently evaluate some biomarkers of genotoxicity like MNi in BmMNt, PBMNt, and CBMN. The intention is to provide veterinary professionals with techniques to assess and interpret cytogenotoxicity biomarkers to anticipate therapeutic management in animals at risk of carcinogenesis or other degenerative diseases.
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Sher, Anna A., and Bruce M. Kahn. "Unified Framework III: Human Interactions with Biodiversity." In Biodiversity in Drylands. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195139853.003.0025.
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Considering humans as components of ecosystems is not new; geographers have been doing it in human ecology departments for decades (see Field and Burch 1988). There have also been many volumes dedicated to the subject (McDonnel and Pickett 1993, Schnaiberg and Gould 1994, Catton 1982, Wilson 1988). Recently there has been a development in the field of ecology to consider humans as a part of ecosystems, rather than simply agents of destruction, including the full complexity of human interactions (including social, cultural, and economic) with the environment (chapter 17 this volume, Folke et al. 1996, Turner and Carpenter 1999, Pickett et al. 1999, Haeuber and Ringold 1998). The goal of this chapter is to provide a framework for the types of interactions between humans and biodiversity. We use biodiversity as an umbrella term encompassing genetic, species, and landscape diversities (chapter 1 this volume). In particular, we emphasize human–biodiversity interactions in the context of arid and semiarid ecosystems. In part I, we analyze the various types of human–biodiversity interactions. In part II we suggest a framework for the study of these interactions. Not only do humans have the power to affect biodiversity, but biodiversity impacts humans as well. The nature of this reciprocal relationship can be positive and/or negative. Our reference to positive and negative impacts on biodiversity will usually be in the mathematical sense, that is, an increase or decrease in species and landscape diversity. However, we must be careful not to put a value judgment on such numbers. Increases in species or habitat diversity are not necessarily desirable for all ecosystems or management goals. All the elements of biodiversity are not equal in terms of ecological and economical value. For example, restoration efforts for a few endemic species may be detrimental to other, nonendemic species, resulting in less species diversity. This may especially be true when the diversity of weedy species that have taken over a disturbed area is threatened by restoring historical conditions. In this case, a lower level of biodiversity that includes native species may be more desirable than a higher level of nonendemic species diversity.
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Shapiro, Bruce A., and Wojciech Kasprzak. "RNA Structure Analysis: A Multifaceted Approach." In Pattern Discovery in Biomolecular Data. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195119404.003.0018.
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Genomic information (nucleic acid and amino acid sequences) completely determines the characteristics of the nucleic acid and protein molecules that express a living organism’s function. One of the greatest challenges in which computation is playing a role is the prediction of higher order structure from the one-dimensional sequence of genes. Rules for determining macromolecule folding have been continually evolving. Specifically in the case of RNA (ribonucleic acid) there are rules and computer algorithms/systems (see below) that partially predict and can help analyze the secondary and tertiary interactions of distant parts of the polymer chain. These successes are very important for determining the structural and functional characteristics of RNA in disease processes and hi the cell life cycle. It has been shown that molecules with the same function have the potential to fold into similar structures though they might differ in their primary sequences. This fact also illustrates the importance of secondary and tertiary structure in relation to function. Examples of such constancy in secondary structure exist in transfer RNAs (tRNAs), 5s RNAs, 16s RNAs, viroid RNAs, and portions of retroviruses such as HIV. The secondary and tertiary structure of tRNA Phe (Kim et al., 1974), of a hammerhead ribozyme (Pley et al., 1994), and of Tetrahymena (Cate et al., 1996a, 1996b) have been shown by their crystal structure. Currently little is known of tertiary interactions, but studies on tRNA indicate these are weaker than secondary structure interactions (Riesner and Romer, 1973; Crothers and Cole, 1978; Jaeger et al., 1989b). It is very difficult to crystallize and/or get nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum data for large RNA molecules. Therefore, a logical place to start in determining the 3D structure of RNA is computer prediction of the secondary structure. The sequence (primary structure) of an RNA molecule is relatively easy to produce. Because experimental methods for determining RNA secondary and tertiary structure (when the primary sequence folds back on itself and forms base pairs) have not kept pace with the rapid discovery of RNA molecules and their function, use of and methods for computer prediction of secondary and tertiary structures have increasingly been developed.
Conference papers on the topic "Analýza CATWOE"
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Yang, Lijun, Wenan Li, Xiaoze Du, and Yongping Yang. "Effect of Hydrophobicity in Cathode Porous Media on PEM Fuel Cell Performance." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18438.
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The water management is a key issue for the performance of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell. Materials of the fuel cell would affect the water transportation in the flow field thus influence the overall performance of a fuel cell. Three dimensional single-channel, counter-flow model was built to analyze the performance of PEM fuel cell. Different surface contact angles were set to the liquid water droplets in the catalyst layers (CL) and gas diffusion layers (GDL) to present the different wetting property characterizations of the materials. Assuming that the contact angles range from 75° to 150°, the liquid water content and distribution in the cathode GDL were investigated in details. Numerical analysis showed that the hydrophobicity of the structure affects water transportation in the fuel cell significantly. Hydrophobic materials could lower the rate of water saturation in the flow field thus prevent the water flooding in the cathode side. When the surface contact angel of cathode CL and GDL was set to 135°, the liquid water content is least in the GDL. I-V polarization curves of the fuel cell with different materials were also developed to analyze the overall performance. As a result, proper hydrophobic material would lower the rate of cathode water flooding in PEM and benefit the performance of PEM fuel cell.
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Galvez, Robert, Kamau Wright, and Ivana Milanovic. "Using Computational Fluid Dynamics to Analyze Convection in Pin-to-Plane Plasma Discharge." In ASME 2020 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2020 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2020 18th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2020-20244.
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Abstract Multiphysics simulations were conducted to model the role of naturally induced convection in heat and mass transport within a non-isothermal plasma discharge chamber. A pin-to-plane discharge into chamber containing carbon dioxide can be used to possibly decompose carbon dioxide. The present study characterizes the role that convection plays in the diffusion of various products such as ions and excited-state species throughout the test chamber. Multiphysics software including computational fluid dynamics was employed in a two-dimensional transient simulation of a closed reactor with a large pin serving as the cathode and a bottom plate serving as the anode. The mesh was adjusted to best capture important discharge phenomena, while the simulated time was varied to best characterize the chemical processes.. Mesh validation was undertaken using the relevant minimum sizes required by the plasma, fluid flow, and heat transfer solvers. The flow induced by natural convection from the discharge was then compared to the flow induced by natural convection around a resistance heater operating with the same power input as the plasma. The results of this simulation are used to inform improvements on a parallel experimental system used to study the discharge, such as placement of gas concentration sensors and to better understand the heat and mass transfer through the discharge.
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Genov, Stefan. "METHODOLOGY FOR ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY EVALUATION AT BEEF CATTLE BREEDING." In AGRIBUSINESS AND RURAL AREAS - ECONOMY, INNOVATION AND GROWTH 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ara2021.334.
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The report proposes a methodological framework for an in-depth analysis of the economic efficiency at beef cattle breeding. Different approaches and methods for evaluation based on performance indicators proposed by other authors are considered. Based on them, new ones have been synthesized and proposed, which are considered to be decisive for the economic efficiency of farms. The indicators are grouped in order to analyze the individual elements of the production technology and the organizational and economic part of the breeding.
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Chen, Jinwei, Kuanying Gao, Maozong Liang, and Huisheng Zhang. "Performance Evaluation of a SOFC-GT Hybrid System With Ejectors for the Anode and Cathode Recirculations." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-63745.
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The recirculation of the anode and cathode exhaust has huge benefits on the fuel cell system, for instance, keeping proper operating conditions of the reformer and preheating the inlet air which reduces the recuperator size. Furthermore, the ejectors used for the fuel cell recirculation are more reliable and low-cost in maintenance than high temperature blowers. In this paper, an anode and cathode recirculation scheme, both equipped with ejectors, was designed in a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine (SOFC-GT) hybrid system. Additionally, a blower was added between the compressor and the heat exchanger to overcome the significant pressure loss caused by the cathode ejector. This configuration separates the compressor from the fuel cell and turbine components, introducing more flexibility in system modification. The investigations were conducted to analyze the performance of the hybrid system with anode and cathode ejectors in this paper. Firstly, the ejector model was established based on the energy, mass and momentum balance equations. Furthermore, it was validated that the ejector model was consistent with the reference data. Secondly, the stand-alone performance of the anode and cathode ejectors was analyzed. The geometry parameters of the ejectors were determined based on the design conditions. Then the off-design performance was analyzed based on the designed ejectors geometry. The results show that the performance of the ejectors is greatly influenced by the inlet conditions of the primary and secondary fluid mass flow rate. Finally, the anode and cathode ejectors were integrated into the SOFC-GT hybrid system. Meanwhile, the off-design and dynamic behaviors of the whole SOFC-GT hybrid system with anode and cathode ejectors for recirculation loops were analyzed. In the end, the results show that the designed ejectors can effectively satisfy the demands of the SOFC-GT system with anode and cathode recirculation loops. And the safety range of relative fuel flow rate is from 0.42 to 1.22 when the rotator speed is constant.
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Pasaogullari, Ugur, Chao-Yang Wang, and Ken S. Chen. "Liquid Water Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells With Multi-Layer Diffusion Media." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59283.
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A two-phase, multi-component, full cell model is developed in order to analyze the two-phase transport in polymer electrolyte fuel cells with multi-layer cathode gas diffusion media, consisting of a coarse gas diffusion layer (GDL) (average pore size ~ 10 μm) and a micro-porous layer (MPL) (average pore size ~ 0.2–2 μm). The relevant structural properties of MPL, including average pore size, wettability, thickness and porosity are examined and their effects on liquid water transport are discussed. It is found that MPL promotes back-flow of liquid water across the membrane towards the anode, consequently alleviating cathode flooding. Furthermore, it is seen that unique porous and wetting characteristics of MPL causes a discontinuity in the liquid saturation at MPL-GDL interface, which in turn reduces the amount of liquid water in cathode catalyst layer-gas diffusion medium interface in some cases. Our analyses show that the back-flow of liquid water increases with the increasing thickness and decreasing pore size, hydrophobicity and bulk porosity of the MPL.
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Fagley, John, Wenbin Gu, and Lee Whitehead. "Thermal Modeling of a PEM Fuel Cell." In ASME 2004 2nd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2004-2464.
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Mathematical modeling of fuel cells can take place at many different levels of detail, from simplified spreadsheet representations to detailed CFD (computational fluid dynamics) models. All of these levels are utilized within General Motors Corporation Fuel Cell Activities. This paper describes the development and application of a model used for analysis of the thermal aspects of a PEM fuel cell. The model domain is a single cell in a fuel cell stack, which is broken into between ten and two hundred control volumes. Each control volume includes eleven lumps; one each for anode, cathode and coolant streams, three for diffusion media/membrane electrode assembly (DM/MEA), four for the cathode portion of the bipolar plate, and four for the anode portion of the bipolar plate. The resulting simulation has the following features; (1) Unlike most CFD representations which typically contain hundreds of thousands or even millions of elements, the model described here does not solve the equations of motion to determine velocity profiles in the anode, cathode or coolant channels. Rather, the flow rates in the anode and cathode flow fields are specified by the user. Typically, uniform flow profiles are assumed, although maldistributed flows may be specified as well. (2) By using between ten and two hundred control volumes, the model can represent the spatial variations of RH (relative humidity) and temperature, (3) The relatively low computational overhead of the modeling approach described here (as compared to a more detailed CFD approach) facilitates dynamic simulation of the cell, i.e. transient thermal response of the system can be simulated, (4) Heat effects simulated include heat released by electrochemical reaction, convection from the fluid streams to the solid lumps (DM/MEA, cathode and anode plates), and conduction in the bipolar plates. This paper also describes some of the ways the model has been used to analyze thermal aspects of fuel cell operations; (1) Sensitivity of the temperature difference between the DM/MEA and coolant plate thermal conductivity and contact resistance, and (2) Impact of coolant flow field (cross-flow and co-flow) on cathode RH. Other potential applications of this type of model are also outlined, including modeling of the cell during transient operation, and start-up.
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Chen, Jinwei, Huisheng Zhang, and Shilie Weng. "Study on Nonlinear Identification SOFC Temperature Model Based on Particle Swarm Optimization-Least Squares Support Vector Regression." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56236.
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A nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) identification model is employed for predicting the Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operating temperature dynamics fast and accurately in a Solid oxide fuel cell–gas turbine (SOFC-GT) hybrid system. At the same time, the least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) method with radial basis kernel function (RBF) which uses particle swarm optimization (PSO) to optimize the LSSVR’s parameters is applied to establish the NARX model. The major factors which affect the cathode and anode outlet temperature of the SOFC-GT hybrid system are the inlet flow rate of cathode and anode. Therefore, the inlet flow rates of cathode and anode are taken as inputs of the NARX model, cathode and anode outlet temperature as outputs. With the training data sampled from the mechanism model which is derived from conservation laws, a SOFC temperature the NARX model based on the LSSVR is established. Investigations are conducted to analyze the effects of training data size and fitness function of PSO on the accuracy of the NARX model. And by comparing the temperature behaviors with the results collected form the mechanism model, the accuracy of the NARX model based on the LSSVR is verified with enough accuracy in predicting the dynamic performance of the SOFC temperature. Furthermore, in the aspect of simulation speed, the NARX model is much faster than the mechanism model because the NARX model avoids the internal complex computation process. For large size training data, the training time of the NARX model is only about 1.2s. For running all 20,000s of simulation, the predicting time of the NARX model is only about 0.2s, while the mechanism model is about 36s. In consideration of the high speed and accuracy of the NARX model, it can be applied to design valid multivariable model predictive control (MPC) schemes with high reputation.
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Wang, Chien-Ping, and Hsin-Sen Chu. "Two-Phase Modeling of a PEMFC With CO Poisoning Effect Using Dilute Hydrogen Feed." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97208.
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A one-dimensional, two-phase mathematical model was developed to analyze the poisoning effect of anode CO kinetics on the performance of a PEM fuel cell. Both vapor and liquid water transport are examined inside the cell. The theoretical results indicate that a higher CO concentration results in large CO coverage across the anode catalyst layer. The slowing of the chemical reactions at both the anode and the cathode reduce the liquid water saturation level in the catalytic layers. At high CO concentration and dilute hydrogen feed, the effect of the electro-osmotic drag is small and less liquid water is generated at the cathode catalyst layer, causing the liquid water distribution to have a small slope across the membrane. The distribution of liquid water depends more strongly on the CO concentration than on dilution of hydrogen in the MEA of the fuel cell. A large dropping rate of the current density is observed in the range between 10–50 ppm CO. Increasing the amount of pure hydrogen drastically increases the current density for a wide range of CO contents, promoting the tolerance for CO of the fuel cell.
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ZVIRBULE, Andra, and Raivis ANDERSONS. "FACTORS INFLUENCING CHANGES OF BEEF CATTLE HERD QUANTITY AND SIZE: CASE OF LATVIA." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.147.
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Beef production volumes in Latvia have been different over a long period of time, beef output growth has been noted, as well as its sharp decrease, so it is important to analyze, what are the most important factors that are affecting beef production volumes, that will give an idea of the possibilities for beef market regulation. Consequently, the study objective can be defined: Identify factors affecting beef production in Latvia. For this research statistical methods, correlation analysis, induction, deduction, analysis and synthesis were used. These methods gave an accurate picture of factors that are affecting beef production volumes. According to the results, it can be concluded that beef production volumes are significantly affected by such factors as demand for beef. The results of this research indicate that Latvia beef production volumes are affected by the market demand. As an essential factor for increasing the number of beef cattle in Latvia, export opportunities are available where increasing amount of fresh or chilled beef exported in EUR is increasing the number of suckler cows, where there is a close positive relationship (r = 0.76), which indicates an increase in demand from Latvian meat beef holding output. The quality of the soil in the region and climatic conditions will affect the specialization of farms. The largest number of bovine animals is grown in regions of Vidzeme and Latgale, where average cereal production is lowest per hectare. Pierīga and Zemgale regions have high crop yields on average per hectare, so in this region the number of bovine animals is the smallest.
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Liu, Hong, and Peiwen Li. "Optimization of PEM Fuel Cell Flow Channels: Modeling Analysis and Experimental Tests." In ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2013-18006.
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The dimensions of gas flow channels and walls/ribs of PEM fuel cells are optimized using a convenient mathematical model. Experimental work for several PEM fuel cells with modeling-optimized gas flow channels was conducted, and the tested results validate the modeling work and the optimization. The model considered average mass transfer and species’ concentrations in flow channels, which allows the determination of an average concentration polarization, the humidity in anode and cathode gas channels, and thus the proton conductivity of membranes, as well as the activation polarization. An electrical circuit for the current and ion conduction is applied to analyze the ohmic losses from anode current collector to cathode current collector. The modeling computation required relatively less computational time and thus can be applied to compute a large number of cases with various flow channel designs and operating parameters for optimization analysis. Optimum ratio of the width of flow channels against the walls/ribs was found from the modeling analysis. In the experimental work, PEM fuel cells were fabricated based on the flow channel dimensions optimized from the modeling analysis. Experimental results agreed with the modeling analysis satisfactorily in respect to the comparison of V-I performance between fuel cells with several optimized designs. The model is recommended as a tool for optimization design of gas flow channels for PEM fuel cells. The optimization results are of significance to the improvement of PEM fuel cell designs and performance.