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Fabijanec, Tomislav, and Lidija Kozačinski. "Analiza parametara kakvoće junećih polovica s obzirom na pasminu i spol." Meso 19, no. 2 (2017): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31727/m.19.2.5.
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Effect of breed and sex on analysed quality parameters of beef carcasses The aim of this study was to determine level of the influence of breed and sex, as well as their interaction on slaughtering traits of beef halves. The study was conducted on 80 beef cattle of which 40 were Simmental (20 male and 20 female) and 40 beef cattle (20 male and 20 female) were meat crossbreeds of Charolais, Limousin, Blonde d’Aquitaine cattle. Sex had a significant effect on slaughtering traits (P<0,001). Male of beef cattle had a significantly more favorable parameter values of weight slaughtering halves and netto daily weight gain (P<0,001). The breed had also a significant impact on slaughtering parameters (P<0,001). Significantly better parameter values of weight slaughtering halves, netto daily weight gain and dressing percentage were found in a group of crossbred beef cattle (P<0,001). Therefore, from the obtained results it can be concluded that the crossbreed cattle had a significantly better quality of beef halves (P<0,001).
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Semerci, Arif, Ahmet Duran Çelik, and Eylem Durmuş. "Türkiye’de Süt Sığırcılığı Sektöründeki Gelişmelerin Analizi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 4 (April 27, 2020): 949–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i4.949-956.3209.
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Husbandry has a special importance for people who live in rural areas in terms of agricultural income and profitability due to some contributions such as; providing cash flow throughout the year, product processing, balanced usage of labour force, and risk diversification. According to FAO data of 2017, Turkey’s ratio in the world’s total cattle existence was 0.99%, and it had a 2.78% ratio in total milk production. According to TSI data between 2004 and 2018; the number of total cattle reached 17.042.506 with a ratio increase of 4.62%, and the annual milk production amount reached 20.036.877 tons with a ratio increase of 7.23%. Within the period of time that is mentioned above, the contribution ratio of culture breed cattle in milk production reached 61.39% from 33.63%. However, in terms of milk cow productivity, Turkey is the 57th in the world. The cities of Konya, İzmir, Erzurum, Balıkesir, and Diyarbakır provide 21.74% of Turkey’s total milk cow existence, and 22.77% of the milk production total. In terms of agricultural subsidies which are provided by Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, husbandry took a share of 25.79% from the 14.5 billion TL total agricultural subsidies in 2018. According to the research results, directly or indirectly, husbandry contributes to decreasing development level differences between regions, and it helps to improve enterprises’ income levels in rural areas.
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Tutkun, Muhittin, Muzaffer Denli, and Abdullah Sessiz. "Diyarbakır İli Süt Sığırcılığı İşletmelerinin Yapısal Durum Analizi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 5 (June 4, 2017): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i5.476-483.933.
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This study was carried out to investigate the structure of dairy farms such as demographic information, management practises, production values, marketing of milk and milk products in Diyarbakır province. In the study, face to face interviews were realized with the 192 dairy farms having 25 and more cattle including 17 district. According to the data collected, dairy enterprises in the region consisted of family based enterprises (90%), cooperative enterprises (7%) and private dairy farms (3%). Cattle breeds distribution in enterprises consist of 12% native breeds, 25% cross- breeds and 63% pure breeds. In dairy enterprises, distribution of cattle was found as 59.7 % of cow, 11.8 % of heifer, 26.1 % of calf, and 2.4 % of bull. The average number of cattle and milking cow per farm were found as 46.7 and 27.8 heads respectively. The type of dairy barns was determined as tie-stall (89%), semi-open (8%) and free-stall (%3) in the cattle enterprises. The average size of land 56% of dairy farm was found under the 50 decares. The 92% of the dairy enterprises declared that the income from dairy was insufficient and 86% were not satisfied as well. The 23% of the farms are used the artificial insemination only. In the herd, 71% of cows were milked by hand and 29% by milking machine. It was found that only 6% of farms sold their milk to dairy factories. This research is important in terms of providing an important data base relating to dairy farming in Diyarbakir province
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SIMČIČ, Mojca, Miran ŠTEPEC, Betka LOGAR, Klemen POTOČNIK, and Dušan TERČIČ. "Analiza lastnosti zunanjosti pri prvesnicah cikastega goveda." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 108, no. 2 (February 25, 2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2016.108.2.4.
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The aim of the study was to analyse type traits in 1,086 first-calving Cika cows. Statistical model was analysed by GLM procedure in SAS/STAT statistical package, which included the fixed effect of scoring year, and age at scoring and days after calving as linear regressions. First-calving cows were on average 126.5 cm high at the withers at the age of 33.9 months, which clearly shows that it belongs to small to medium body sized cattle. The largest proportion of the variability was explained in the measured traits of the body frame (0.14–0.17). The explained proportion of variability among individual traits of autochthonous was between 0.03 and 0.07, while 0.12 in the composite trait of autochthonous. We found out that type traits and therefore the classification of animals were significantly affected at least the following effects: the scoring year, age and stage of lactation. Classification of animals into the appropriate type, should therefore, be carried out after exclusion of the environmental effects. This would give a more accurate classification of Cika first-calving cows.
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Koyubenbe, Nursel. "İzmir İlinde Süt Sığırcılığı İşletmelerinin Ekonomik Analizi." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 10 (October 19, 2020): 2236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i10.2236-2242.3730.
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This study aimed to analyze the economic structure of dairy cattle farms, which were members of the Cattle Breeders’ Association in İzmir Province. For this purpose, Ödemiş, Tire, Bayındır and Kiraz districts of İzmir province were included in the study. The main material of the study consisted of data obtained from the farmers through the questionnaire. The data belongs to the 2017 production period. The number of farmers interviewed was determined as 67 by proportional sampling method. When the data were being analyzed, farms were evaluated in three groups depending on their size. According to farm groups, number of cows, respectively, was 5-14, 15-49 and over 50. In the farms surveyed, the average number of animals was 49 heads, the number of milked animals was 22 heads, the daily milk yield was 22 kg and the lactation yield was 7,123 kg. The total active capital of the farms was $373,449 and the share of animal capital in active capital was 22%. Total variable costs per farm were $44,599, fixed costs were $15,605 and production costs were $60,204. Variable costs constituted 74% of the production costs. The share of feed costs in variable costs was 78%. Gross production value was calculated as $67,211. The share of milk sales in gross production value was 61%. Average gross profit per farm is estimated as $22,612, net profit as $7,007 and proportional profit as 12%. It has been revealed that the net profit and proportional profit of small farms were negative. As a result, it can be said that the profitability level of medium and large-scale farms is high, whereas small scale farms meet with loses in the research region.
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Fatmawati, Mira, and Herawati Herawati. "Analisa Epidemiologi Kasus Helmintiasis pada Hewan Kurban di Kota Batu." Indonesia Journal of Halal 1, no. 2 (December 29, 2018): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/halal.v1i2.3664.
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Abstrack Eid of Adha is commemorated every 10 Dzulhijah followed by slaughtering a cattle, sheep or goat. That slaughter moment needed a lot of veterinarian to control animal health and meat inspection. The limitedness of personnel, therefore the Agriculture Office of Batu city cooperated with Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Brawijaya University to supervise a slaughtering animals. The purpose of this research is to analys the prevalensi of fasciolosis on eid of adha in Batu City. Total number of slaughtering aninal in Batu City in 2017 were 679 cattle, 2357 goats and 2277 sheep. The research was conducted in 3 sub-districts in Batu City. Data were collected during postmortem examination in liver organ. The results showed that the total cases of heminthiasis in cattle were 22.97% (156 cases of fasciolosis from 679 cattle), cases of helminthiasis in goats 1.65% (39 cases of fascioloisis from 2357 goats), cases of helminthiasis in sheep 4.83% (80 cases of fasciolosis from 1658 sheep). Most cases of cattle fasciolosis occurred in Junrejo sub-district (31.54%), most cases of goats fasciolosis occurred in in Bumiaji sub-district (2.13%) and most cases of lambs fasciolosis occurred in Batu sub-district (7.19%). The slaughter animals come from Batu City, Malang Municipality and Blitar Municipality. From the data above, it is necessary to do the programs of giving worm medicine and animal health information especially for farmer. Cross-border coordination within the framework of an animal health healing program needs to be prepared to work together. Veterinary public health have responsibility to prepared a secure, healthy, a whole and halal meat in that slaughter moment. Kata kunci: Eid of Adha; Helminthiasis; Fasciolosis; Batu City;Food Safety Abstrak Idul Adha yang diperingati setiap tanggal 10 Dzulhijah diikuti dengan penyembelihan hewan kurban. Pemotongan yang serentak pada hari yang sama membutuhkan pengawasan kesehatan hewan dari dokter hewan berwenang dalam rangka memberikan jaminan keamanan pangan. Karena keterbatasan personel, maka Dinas Pertanian Kota Batu bekerjasama dengan Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Brawijaya dalam pengawasan pemotongan hewan kurban saat Idul Adha. Tujuan pengawasan tersebut antara lain untuk memantau penyakit hewan menular dan penyakit zoonotik. Pemotongan hewan kurban di Kota Batu tahun 2017 sebanyak 679 ekor sapi, 2357 kambing dan 2277domba. Tujuan dari analisis studi epidemiologi ini adalah untuk melihat berapa banyak kasus helmintiasis yang ditemukan pada hewan kurban yang ada di Kota Batu. Penelitian dilakukan dilakukan di 3 kecamatan di Kota Batu pada titik-titik pemotongan hewan dengan menggunakan data deskriptif dari kuisioner terstruktur. Data kasus fasciolosis diperoleh pada saat pemeriksaan postmortem pada organ hati. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa total kasus fasciolosis pada sapi adalah 22,97% (156 kasus fasciolosis dari 679 ekor sapi), kasus fasciolosis pada kambing 1,65% (39 kasus fasciolosis dari 2357 ekor kambing), kasus fasciolosis pada domba 4,83% (80 kasus fasciolosis dari 1658 ekor domba). Kasus fasciolosis pada sapi terbanyak terjadi di Kecamatan Junrejo (31,54%), pada kambing yang terbanyak di Kecamatan Bumiaji (2,13%) dan pada domba yang terbanyak di Kecamatan Batu (7,19%). Hewan kurban berasal dari Kota Batu, Kabupaten Malang dan Kabupaten Blitar. Dari data diatas maka perlu dilakukan evaluasi mengenai program pemberian obat cacing dan pengasawan kesehatan hewan terutama untuk hewan kurban. Koordinasi lintas wilayah dalam rangka sinkronisasi program kesehatan hewan perlu dipersiapkan untuk dapat menyiapkan hewan kurban dan daging kurban yang aman, sehat, utuh, dan halal. Kata kunci: Idul Adha;Helmintiasis; Fasciolosis;Kota Batu;Keamanan Pangan
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Santoso, Agus. "Analisa Usaha Berbasis Persentase Karkas Yang Dihasilkan Dari Berbagai Strain Dan Asal Sapi Potong (Studi Kasus Di RPH Kademangan Kabupaten Blitar)." Manajemen Agribisnis: Jurnal Agribisnis 19, no. 2 (October 16, 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32503/agribisnis.v19i2.651.
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This study aims to determine the effect of badag on the percentage of carcass cattle from starin / different nationalities and cattle origin. The research was conducted in RPH Kademangan, Blitar regency for 4 months ie from January to April 2017. The material used was 200 head of cattle including Limmousin Peranakan Ongole (LimPO), and Simmental Peranakan Ongole (SimPO). The parameters observed were nation, age, live weight and cutting result. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis. The results showed that cattle from intensive farming (fattening) the carcass proportion of the SimPO nation (52.45%), and LimPO (51.38%). The weight of life is very significant effect on the percentage of carcass produced (P <0.05). Cattle derived from intensive farming (fattening) with the SimPO nation is more effective compared to other cattle origin and race. (R / C Ratio and B / C Ratio higher).
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Danuri, Danuri, and Jaroji Jaroji. "ELISITASI KEBUTUHAN PERANGKAT LUNAK REKRUTMEN PEGAWAI DENGAN PENDEKATAN SOFT SYSTEM METHODOLOGY." Just TI (Jurnal Sains Terapan Teknologi Informasi) 10, no. 2 (July 31, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46964/justti.v10i2.110.
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Pembangunan Perangkat Lunak diawali proses analisa terhadap kebutuhan perangkat lunak dari pengguna. Masalah yang dihadapi adalah keterbatasan dalam menyampaikan informasi mengenai sistem rekrutmen pegawai yang bersifat konvensional dan belum terstruktur dengan baik. Soft System Methodology digunakan sebagai pendekatan untuk mengindentifikasi masalah yang akan diselesaikan secara menyeluruh melalui 7 tahapan. Teknik Rich Picture digunakan untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang luas dari sejumlah masalah yang muncul. Proses analisis logik terhadap pemodelan masalah pada tahap root defenition memanfaatkan model CATWOE. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa pemetaan permasalahan dan kebutuhan pengguna yang terstruktur.
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Pedreira, Adriana Calmon de Brito, and Augusto de Oliveira Monteiro. "COMPETITIVIDADE E EVOLUÇÃO DA BOVINOCULTURA DE CORTE NO ESTADO DA BAHIA: UM ESTUDO BASEADO EM RECURSOS ESTRATÉGICOS." RDE - Revista de Desenvolvimento Econômico 1, no. 39 (April 2018): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.21452/rde.v1i39.5095.
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Este trabalho apresenta um estudo da competitividade e desempenho da bovinocultura de corte no Estado da Bahia com base na Resources Based View – RBV. Analisa as
características gerais do setor, as possibilidades de inovação nos contextos tecnológico, or
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Radišić, Teodora. "Arheologija pejzaža kasnog latena južne Panonije: perspektive i mogućnosti analiza stabilnih izotopa." Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 12, no. 3 (November 18, 2017): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v12i3.4.
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In the long tradition of research into the La Tene period in the region of South Pannonia many questions have been raised, but economic activity, especially agriculture and cattle-breeding, have not received due attention. The existing archaeological data permit the hypothesis that both settlement and agriculture intensified during this period, and these activities may have induced changes in the landscape. However, apart from sporadic comments, this topic has not been the object of research. The development of landscape archaeology and stable isotope analyses have made possible a better understanding of the ways people moved through landscape, used and changed it. It should be borne in mind that landscapes are not only spaces out of which humans derive resources in the most rational way, but also a product, medium, and a reflexion of various individual and collective experiences on social, symbolic and historical levels. The paper discusses the possibilities and perspectives of application of stable isotope analyses of carbon and strontium in animal bones retrieved from the late La Tene settlements in South Pannonia, with the aim of verifying the existing hypotheses and formulating new ones concerning economic practices and socio-political circumstances.
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Ayyıldız, Merve, and Adnan Çiçek. "Kırmızı Et Fiyatlarının GARCH Yöntemiyle Analizi: Türkiye Örneği." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 6, no. 12 (December 17, 2018): 1775. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v6i12.1775-1780.2095.
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Approximately 90% of the red meat consumption in Turkey is the beef. On the basis of consumption, beef is mostly equated with veal and therefore the price of veal is widely used in price evaluations. It is known that the change in veal prices is a very effective factor on consumption. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the fluctuations in veal prices. GARCH (1,1) model was used to determine the price uncertainty in the period between January 2005 and December 2017. According to the model results, veal prices reacted with big jumps to any shock such as economic and political instability, food crisis, natural events. It was determined that the price of veal meat could return to normal for a long time period according to the average price. In the study, foreign trade policies towards gaining a stable structure of red meat prices in Turkey should not be ignored. However, it has been concluded that policies supporting bovine supply should be developed as a complement to supply policies for cattle breeding.
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Mulyati, Meylinda. "Analisa Teknoekonomi Biogas Dari Eceng Gondok dengan Stater Kotoran Sapi." Jurnal Energi dan Teknologi Manufaktur (JETM) 1, no. 02 (December 31, 2018): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jetm.v1i02.15.
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Water hyacinth is a waste that can be utilized by the community as an alternative potential for biogas energy. The formation of biogas from water hyacinth requires a residence time (LT) that is still long, which is between 30-35 days for the formation of methane. So that the process of forming methane is not too long, a stater is needed so that methanogenic bacteria can increase from cow dung so that the residence time is much shorter. The process of making biogas starts from making a digester, the process of taking water hyacinth by chopping water hyacinth, preparing cattle dung stater. The purpose of this study is to analyze technically and economically biogas from water hyacinth with cow manure stater. This research was carried out through several stages, namely: preparation of raw materials, stater and plastic biogas digester and techno-economic analysis. In this study the ratio of raw material 1: 1 (water hyacinth chopped 20 kg, water 20 kg) and the addition of stater cattle dung 6 kg.
The results of this study are that the technical aspects of biogas start production after 10 days of filling the digester at pH 7.1. Biogas produced is known by direct flame test. Visible on the 10th day the resulting flame is still small, but this shows that the gas has been formed. The pH of the digester is between 4.7 and 8.5. The decrease in TS value from the inlet which is 46 kg to the outlet is 28 kg, indicating that there has been degradation in the substrate in the digester. On the economical aspect the investment cost of a biogas installation in a synthetic digester is IDR 1,500,000.00. Variable costs are the cost of water hyacinth, cow dung and water of Rp 150,000.00 per year. The Cost of Biogas Production is Rp 3,836.08 and if it is sold at a margin of 50% the selling price is Rp 5,800. The break even point in kilograms is 267.2 and in rupiahs is Rp 1.025,000.00. This payback period for investment in biogas business is 2.86 years.
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Gajewska, Elżbieta. "Analiza dyskursu w nauczaniu języków obcych do celów zawodo- wych na przykładzie Français de la communi cation professionnelle." Lingwistyka Stosowana 2/2017, no. 22 (June 26, 2017): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32612/uw.20804814.2017.2.pp.15-29.
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Prasetia, Vicky, and Roy Aries Permana T. "ANALISA PENGGUNAAN SILICON CONTROLLED RECTIFIER PADA ELEKTROPLATING TEMBAGA/BAJA KARBON RENDAH." Infotekmesin 10, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35970/infotekmesin.v10i1.19.
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Electroplating is one of the engineering improvements in the characteristics of metal materials. Copper coating is a pre-coating before further coating for steel. The surface area of the material is in line with the strong current requirements required for the normal coating process. However, too much current flowing into the cathode results in erosion at the anode. Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) is a component made of semiconductor silicon. It has a function as a controller or switch. Silicon Controlled Rectifiers can be used to reduce coating currents in copper electroplating. The setting of the coating current can be done on copper electroplating of low carbon steel cathodes with a cross-sectional area of 7500 mm2 of 4.5 A; 5 A; 6 A; 6.5 A and 6.7 A. The best copper coating results with a 10 minute coating time are shown in the current 6.5 A with a coating mass of 1.11 grams and 1.06 grams. This proves the need for a reduction in the maximum flow so that optimal coating is achieved.
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Trojanowska-Strzęboszewska, Monika. "Challenges Related to Defi ning Irregular Immigration, Including the Way of Its Interpretation in EU Immigration Policy." Studia Europejskie - studies in European Affairs 24, no. 3 (October 20, 2020): 145–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33067/se.3.2020.8.
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The aim of the article is to show the challenges in scholarly attempts to conceptualize the phenomenon of irregular immigration. Although this type of migration has been of interest to scholars for several decades, it still requires in-depth analysis to better explain and understand its causes, scope, and consequences. The article attempts to clarify the nature of irregular immigration, indicating both the general ways of defi ning this phenomenon and the process of shaping it in socio-political reality since the end of the 19th century. The analysis reveals the internal diversity, dynamism, and ambiguity of this type of migration, which developed in parallel with the control instruments implemented by the states, aimed at enforcing increasingly complex immigration regulations conditioning the entry, stay and work of immigrants. The presented theoretical reflection on the complexity and the heterogeneity of irregular immigration is then confronted with the interpretation of this phenomenon in the EU immigration policy. Another important complement to these studies is to show the terminological challenges that have emerged in previous studies on irregular immigration. They are important both for the objectifi cation of theoretical investigations and for an empirical analysis of this social phenomenon.
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Pei, Jinxin V., Sabrina Heng, Michael L. De Ieso, Georgina Sylvia, Mohamad Kourghi, Saeed Nourmohammadi, Andrew D. Abell, and Andrea J. Yool. "Development of a Photoswitchable Lithium-Sensitive Probe to Analyze Nonselective Cation Channel Activity in Migrating Cancer Cells." Molecular Pharmacology 95, no. 5 (March 11, 2019): 573–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/mol.118.115428.
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Shaffer, L. Jen, and Leocadia Naiene. "Why Analyze Mental Models of Local Climate Change? A Case from Southern Mozambique." Weather, Climate, and Society 3, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-10-05004.1.
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Abstract People construct mental models of local climate change based on their observations and experiences of past climate events and changes. These mental models offer critical insight into locally important factors that trigger responses to new climate conditions and can be used to ground-truth regional climate models. In this paper, the authors explore mental models of changes to local climate patterns and climate-associated environmental changes over the past 45 years (1963–2008) in two rural communities in Matutúine District, Mozambique. Interview results are compared to data from a regional weather station. Residents discuss temperature increases, short-term and long-term precipitation changes, and altered seasonal timing. Measurable climate change in this region includes increasing temperatures and more erratic rainfall leading to drought and altered season timing. The climate-associated environmental changes residents observed draw attention to links between local livelihood practices and climate, as well as emphasize changes that would not necessarily appear in regional climate models. Such changes include reduced crop and wild fruit production, fewer cattle, variable forest size, increased wildfires and elephant conflict, drying up of water sources, poor health, and cultural change. Differences between adjacent communities highlight the potential interaction of landscape and vegetation variability, gender, and livelihoods in observations and experiences of climate change and demonstrate how mental models can provide insight into local ecological patterns and processes.
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Liu, Yulong, Qian Sun, Jingru Liu, Mohammad Norouzi Banis, Yang Zhao, Biqiong Wang, Keegan Adair, et al. "Variable-Energy Hard X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy: A Nondestructive Tool to Analyze the Cathode–Solid-State Electrolyte Interface." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 2293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b16343.
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Varun and Udit Narayan Pal. "PIC Simulation to Analyze Peak Electron Current Generation in a Triggered Pseudospark Discharge-Based Plasma Cathode Electron Source." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 65, no. 4 (April 2018): 1542–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ted.2018.2808175.
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Kurilovas, Eugenijus, and Valentina Dagienė. "Pedagogų rengimas informacinių ir komunikacinių technologijų taikymo aspektu: padėties analizė ir tobulinimo siūlymai." Informacijos mokslai 50 (January 1, 2009): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2009.0.3298.
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Straipsnyje analizuojamos pedagogų informacinių ir komunikacinių technologijų (IKT) kompetenciją ugdančių studijų Lietuvos universitetuose ir kolegijose programos, būsimų pedagogų IKT kompetencijų vertinimas. Šie rezultatai lyginami su pedagogų edukacinės IKT kompetencijos kurso reikalavimais, kurie nusakyti Lietuvos mokytojų kompiuterinio raštingumo programoms. Straipsnis grindžiamas duomenimis, sukauptais atlikus Švietimo informacinių technologijų centro užsakytą mokslinį tyrimą „Pedagogų rengimas IKT taikymo aspektu“. Tyrimas reprezentatyvus šalies mastu. Šio tyrimo išvadomis ir rekomendacijomis numatoma vadovautis sudarant ir įgyvendinant visų lygių mokytojų rengimo ir perkvalifi kavimo studijų, kvalifi kacijos tobulinimo programas ir mokytojų atestaciją. Pagrindinis straipsnio tikslas yra pristatyti ir apibendrinti svarbiausias šio tyrimo išvadas ir rezultatus.Teacher Training on ICT Application in Education: Situation Analysis and Proposals for ImprovementEugenijus Kurilovas, Valentina Dagienė SummaryThe article is aimed to analyse the existing study programmes on the teachers ICT competencies in Lithuanian Universities and Colleges, the future teachers’ self-evaluation of their educational ICT competencies, to compare these results with the requirements of the course on the teachers’ educational ICT literacy based on the existing Lithuanian requirements for teachers’ educational ICT literacy programmes. The article is based on the data of the research report “Teachers Training on ICT Application in Education” booked by the Centre for Information Technologies in Education. The research is representative. The conclusions and recommendations of the research are proposed to implement while planning and implementing all level studies and teachers’ in-service training programmes as well as teachers’ certifi cation. The main aim of the paper is to present and summarise the research conclusions and recommendations.
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Coşkun, Tamer. "Büyükbaş Hayvan Atıkları için Kurulacak Havasız Çürütme Tesisinin Ekonomik Analizi / The Economical Analysis of Cattle Manure Treatment by Anaerobic Digestion Process." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 1, no. 4 (January 5, 2013): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v1i4.143.
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Büyükbaş hayvan atıkları, içeriğindeki yüksek katı madde, organik kirlilik ve patojen mikroorganizmalar sebebiyle halk sağlığı açısından olumsuz etkiler yapabilecek bir atıktır. Bu çalışmada havasız çürütme ile atıkların stabilize edilerek biyogaz elde edilmesi ve çürümüş atıkların toprakta doğal gübre olarak kullanılmasını içeren bir yönetim modeli uygulanmıştır. Bunun için pilot ölçekli bir havasız çürütme reaktörü işletilmiş ve çürümüş atıklar çeşitli dozlarda yonca, Macar fiğ ve arpa karışımı ile mısır silajı bitkilerinin ekildiği alanlarda doğal gübre olarak toprağa eklenmiştir. Havasız çürütme işleminde yarımcı materyal olarak mısır silajı da reaktöre beslenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda elde edilen sonuçlar ve literatür yardımıyla 1000 baş hayvan için kurulum ve işletme maliyetleri hesaplanmıştır. Kurulum maliyeti; elektrik üretim sisteminin kurulup kurulmaması açısından iki farklı değer olarak hesaplanmıştır. İşletme maliyetleri farklı tarla ürünleri ve yine elektrik sisteminin kurulup kurulmaması açılarından çeşitli durumlar için hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak elde edilen en iyi sonuçlara göre; çürümüş atıklar Macar fiğ ve arpa karışımı bitkisinin ekiminde kullanıldığında kurulacak tesisin elektrik üretim sistemi de kurulduğunda 2,5 yılda, elektrik üretim sistemi kurulmadığında ise 2,1 yılda kendisini amorti ettiği bulunmuştur. The Economical Analysis of Cattle Manure Treatment by Anaerobic Digestion Process Cattle manure is a potential for causing detrimental effects on human health due to its high solid matter and pathogen microorganism content. In this study, it was aimed to achieve biogas production by stabilizing the waste using anaerobic digestion. Digested waste was utilized as natural fertilizer. For that reason, a pilot-scale anaerobic digestion tank was operated and digested wastes were added to soil in diverse dosages where alfalfa, the mixture of Hungarian vetch and barley and corn silage are planted. Corn silage was fed to the reactor as a supplementary material during anaerobic digestion process. Installation and operating costs are determined for 1,000 cattle by the results obtained and the literature datas. Installation cost was evaluated considering both installed electricity producted system and non-installed electricity producted system. As a result, according to best results, the system would pay for itself in 2. 5 years when electricity production system is installed while the system is not installed, the pay off would be realized in 2. 1 years for the mixture of Hungarian vetch and barley.
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Eltermann, Eddy Ervin, Ângela Maria De Matos, and Dávila Araújo Da Silva. "MICROCERVEJARIAS CATARINENSES E O TURISMO: da formação de tipologias do produto às aproximações com a atividade." Applied Tourism 1, no. 2 (September 15, 2016): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14210/at.v1n2.p73-95.
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A proposta deste artigo é estimular a discussão em torno da potencialidade turística concebida pelas microcervejarias catarinenses. Analisa-se aqui o ‘produto turístico’ com o enfoque na categorização da produção que se forma através do estabelecimento de marcos que caracterizem a concepção artesanal desta bebida. Emprega- se aqui o materialismo histórico dialético como ferramenta de pesquisa, seja na construção de um novo ideário sobre o tema ‘consumo de cerveja’, seja na compreensão histórica desse elemento ou na proposta de incorporação do consumo consciente de bebidas alcóolicas como elemento de lazer na sociedade, estando este, inserido no turismo. Nesse sentido, busca-se reconhecer a tipologia da produção catarinense para com base no Beer Judge Certi cation Program (BJCP) para que este reconhecimento possa servir como facilitador do turismo gastronômico em microcervejarias.Palavras-chave: Microcervejarias; Beer Judge Certi cation Program (BJCP); Turismo Cervejeiro Catarinense.
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Yekti, Aulia Puspita Anugra, Willy Saputra Saputra Tatulus, Dian Ratnawati, Luqman Affandhy, Kuswati Kuswati, Asri Nurul Huda, and Trinil Susilawati. "KUALITAS DAN KAPASITASI SPERMATOZOA SAPI BALI, MADURA, DAN PERANAKAN ONGOLE." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis 5, no. 2 (May 20, 2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jitro.v5i2.4739.
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ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas dan kapasitasi spermatozoa pada sapi potong lokal. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai standar uji kualitas semen. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dua ekor sapi jantan ongole, sapi bali dan sapi madura. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase motilitas spermatozoa sapi bali 70,83±2,04%, sapi madura 70,00±0,00% dan sapi PO 71,67±2, 58%. persentase Viabilitas spermatozoa sapi bali adalah 89,39±2,84%, sapi madura 90,60 ± 3,13% dan sapi PO 92,13±2,08%. Persentase abnormalitas spermatozoa sapi bali adalah 3,48±1,09%, sapi madura 2,13±0,86% dan sapi PO 2,86±0,51%. Konsentrasi sperma sapi bali 1126,67±169,08 juta/mL, sapi madura 1076,67±3,94 juta/mL dan sapi PO 1210±160,87 juta/mL. Total spermatozoa motil pada sapi bali adalah 3136,9±653,4 juta/mL, sapi madura 3520,41±357,48 juta dan sapi PO 3653,83±1293,59 juta/mL. Persentase status akrosom spermatozoa adalah 85,72±1,72%, sapi madura 85,35±0,76% dan sapi PO 86,40±1,97%. Data yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dimana hasil analisa menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan kualitas yang signifikan (P>0,05). Dapat disimpulkan perbedaan jenis pada sapi lokal tidak berpengaruh pada kualitas dan kapasitas spermatozoa, tetapi sapi PO memiliki persentase yang lebih tinggi dari kualitas dan kapasitasi sperma dibandingkan sapi bali dan sapi madura.Kata kunci : kualitas semen, spermatozoa, kapasitasi, sapi lokalABSTRACTThe purpose of this research was to determine the differences in the quality and capacitation of local beef cattle sperm. In addition, this study was also expected to be used as a standard of semen quality test. The material used in this study were two bulls of crossbreed ongole, bali cattle and madura cattle. The results of this study revealed that percentage of motility sperm bali cattle 70.83 ± 2.04%, madura cattle 70.00 ± 0.00% and PO cattle 71.67 ± 2, 58%. percentage of Viability sperm of bali cattle was 89.39 ± 2.84, madura cattle 90.60 ± 3.13% and PO cattle 92.13 ± 2.08%. Percentage of abnormality sperm bali cattle were 3.48 ± 1.09%, madura cattle 2.13 ± 0.86% and PO cattle 2.86 ± 0.51%. percentage of concentration sperm bali cattle 1126.67 ± 169.08 million / mL, madura cattle 1076.67 ± 73.94 million / mL and PO cattle 1210 ± 160.87 million / mL. percentage of total motile sperm bali was 3136.9 ± 653.4 million / mL, madura cattle 3520.41 ± 357.48 million and PO cattle 3653.83 ± 1293.59 million / mL. percentage of status acrosom sperm is 85.72 ± 1.72%, madura cows 85.35 ± 0.76 and cattle PO 86.40 ± 1.97. Data of this research was analyzed using Block Randomized Design (BRD) which showed not significant differences in quality (P> 0.05). The conclusion based on the observations made in this research, differences in local cattle have no effect on the quality and capacitation of spermatozoa, but cross breed ongole cattle have a higher percentage of quality and capacitation of sperm than bali cattle and madura cattle. Semen of bali cattle, and madura cattle used in this study can be used for artificial insemination.Keywords: semen quality, sperm capacitation, local cattle
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Štitilis, Darius, and Marius Laurinaitis. "Tapatybės vagystė elektroninėje erdvėje." Informacijos mokslai 50 (January 1, 2009): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2009.0.3231.
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Straipsnyje analizuojama tapatybės vagystė elektroninėje erdvėje ir pagrindiniai šios pavojingos veikos požymiai. Straipsnį sudaro keturios dalys. Pirmoje dalyje analizuojamos tapatybės ir identifi kavimo elektroninėje erdvėje kategorijos. Antroji dalis skirta aptarti ir susisteminti tapatybės elektroninėje erdvėje vagystės būdams ir formoms. Trečioje straipsnio dalyje pateikiama tapatybės vagystės elektroninėje erdvėje samprata. Ketvirtoji straipsnio dalis skirta tapatybės vagystės elektroninėje erdvėje, kaip atskiros veikos, kriminalizavimo aptarčiai. Straipsnyje atlikta analizė leidžia teigti, kad tapatybės vagystės elektroninėje erdvėje būdai ir formos yra labai įvairūs ir nuolat kinta, atsiranda vis naujų. Įvairiuose šaltiniuose iki šiol diskutuojama dėl tapatybės vagystės sampratos. Atlikę analizę autoriai siūlo naudoti tapatybės vagystės elektroninėje erdvėje sampratos variantą. Straipsnyje taip pat pateikiamos naujausios tapatybės vagystės elektroninėje erdvėje kriminalizavimo tendencijos.Online Identity TheftDarius Štitilis, Marius Laurinaitis SummaryThe article analyzes the identity theft in electronic space, and the main aspects of this dangerous crime. The article consists of four parts. The fi rst part analyzes the identity and identifi cation in electronic space category. The second part is dedicated to discussing and systematizes techniques and forms of identity theft in electronic space. The third paragraph proposes the conception of the identity theft in electronic space. The fourth paragraph analyzes identity theft in electronic space as the individual crime, and proposes criminalize aspects. The analysis in this article suggests that the methods of identity theft in electronic space are very different and constantly changing, as well as new ways and forms. In different sources there are a lot of discussions about the concept of identity theft. The authors carried out suggest using of identity theft in electronic space version as the concept. The article also includes the latest identity theft in electronic space criminalize aspects.>
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Jankowska-Huflejt, Halina, and Jerzy Prokopowicz. "Economic assessment of the development opportunities of farms participating in agri-environmental programmes / Ekonomiczna analiza możliwości rozwoju gospodarstw rolnych uczestniczących w programach rolno-środowiskowych." Journal of Water and Land Development 18, no. 9 (June 1, 2013): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jwld-2013-0007.
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Abstract The study was conducted in 2007 with the inquiry method in 30 farms which specialised in livestock production based on own grasslands and participated in the Rural Development Programme in the years 2004-2006. The mean farm area was 19.69 ha (from 2.2 ha to182.0 ha) and farms were divided into 4 groups: 1-10; 10-20; 20-50 and >50 ha. The share of permanent grasslands was 53.8% on average. The crop structure was subject to the production of bulk feeds and feed grain (oats), cereal mixtures, triticale and barley. The mean share of cereals was 78.5 %, root crops - 9.4 % and legumes - 2.1 %. The highest livestock (cattle, pigs, horses, poultry) density (mean of 0.5 LU per ha of agricultural land) was in farms from the group of 20-50 ha. Both the farm investments in fixed assets and average direct costs of plant and animal production were low. The revenue from agricultural production was medium to low. The proportion of subsidies from the RDP was high (17%). Gross margin in farms was medium and low. Its value per 1 ha of agricultural land (AL) and per capita increased with the increase of farm surface area (except for a group of 20.1-50.0 ha). The effectiveness of fixed assets was high, its index ranged from 0.39 to 0.58 with a mean of 0.43. Only 23% of surveyed farms had a chance of further development.
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Jaworski, Janusz, Leszek Gargula, Dariusz Tchórzewski, Krzysztof Durlik, and Ewelina Kołodziej. "Identifi cation of somatic and functional variables determining the effectiveness of test games in various football training groups." Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences 27, no. 78 (June 30, 2017): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.6802.
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Cel pracy. Celem pracy było poszukiwanie somatycznych i funkcjonalnych uwarunkowań skuteczności gier testowych 1 x 1 piłkarzy nożnych w trzech grupach szkoleniowych. Metody i metody. Grupę badawczą stanowiło 42 piłkarzy nożnych. Zakres badań objął cechy somatyczne, zdolności o podłożu energetycznym oraz neurosensorycznym. Łącznie u każdego sportowca analizie poddano 24 zmienne. W celu oceny wpływu poszczególnych parametrów strukturalnych i funkcjonalnych na wskaźniki skuteczności gry wykorzystane zostały współczynniki determinacji wielokrotnej. Wyniki. Analiza istotności współczynników korelacji rang Spearmana pomiędzy wskaźnikami skuteczności gry a testowanymi zmiennymi pozwoliła na wprowadzono do modelu regresji wielokrotnej 11 zmiennych. Zaproponowane modele określają wskaźniki skuteczności gry w granicach od około 62% do 72% dla młodzików, od 63% do 88% dla juniorów młodszych oraz od 64% do 88% dla seniorów. Wnioski. Analizowane wskaźniki skuteczności gry w grupie młodzików oraz juniorów młodszych były najsilniej determinowane poziomem wytrzymałości krążeniowo-oddechowej. Z kolei u seniorów na pierwszym miejscu w modelu dla WSK, SOD, SA lokuje się zdolność różnicowania kinestetycznego. Dla każdego wskaźnika do modelu kwalifikuję się również wytrzymałość krążeniowo-oddechowa, która wyjaśnia około 10% jego zmienności.
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Rachmanto, Moch Khabibul Adi, Liliana Triatmajaning Wibowo, and Tika Paramitha. "Review : Metode Sintesis Katoda LiFePO4 Baterai Lithium-Ion." Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering 3, no. 2 (December 22, 2020): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/equilibrium.v3i2.42833.
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<p><strong>Abstrak.</strong><strong> </strong>Material katoda merupakan salah satu komponen penting pada baterai berbasis lithium-ion. Material katoda yang digunakan dalam baterai lithium-ion diantaranya LNCA (LiNi0,8Co0,15Al0,05O2), LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, LiFePO4, dan LNCM (LiNi0,3Co0,3Mn0,3O2). Katoda LiFePO4 yang memiliki keunggulan beda tegangan operasi yang tinggi (3,45 V phosphoolivines), kapasitas spesifik tinggi (170 mAh/g), biaya bahan baku murah, ramah lingkungan, kestabilan terhadap panas tinggi, dan dapat diaplikasikan sebagai penyimpanan daya tinggi. Namun, LiFePO4 juga memiliki beberapa kelemahan yaitu memiliki konduktivitas rendah, laju difusi ion Li+ yang lambat, dan kerapatan energi yang rendah. Untuk mengoptimalkan kekurangan tersebut, telah dilakukan sintesis katoda dengan berbagai metode. Artikel ilmiah ini membahas mengenai sintesis katoda LiFePO4 dengan beberapa metode, yaitu presipitasi, solid state, dan sol gel. Selain itu, artikel ini memuat tinjauan (review) mengenai hasil analisa struktur, morfologi, dan performa elektrokimia baterai dengan katoda LiFePO4.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong>. Cathode material is one of important component in lithium ion batteries. Cathode materials used in lithium ion batteries including LNCA (LiNi<sub>0,8</sub>Co<sub>0,15</sub>A<sub>l0,05</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), LiCoO2, LiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, LiFePO<sub>4</sub>, and LNCM (LiNi0,3Co0,3Mn0,3O<sub>2</sub>). The advantage of LiFePO4 cathode are high operating voltage (3.45 V phosphoolivines), high specific capacity (170 mAh/g), low cost raw material, environmentally friendly, high heat stability, and can be applied as high power storage. However, LiFePO4 also has disadvantages, such as low conductivity, slow diffusion rate of Li+ ions, and low energy density. To optimize these deficiencies, cathode synthesis has been carried out with various methods. This scientific article discusses the synthesis of the LiFePO4 cathode with several methods, namely precipitation, solid state, and sol gel. In addition, this article discuss about review of the structural analysis, morphology, and electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 cathode batteries.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> LiFePO4, cathode, synthesis, lithium ion batteries</p>
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Dietrick, Scott M., and Srinivasan S. Iyengar. "Constructing Periodic Phase Space Orbits from ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Trajectories to Analyze Vibrational Spectra: Case Study of the Zundel (H5O2+) Cation." Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 8, no. 12 (November 7, 2012): 4876–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ct300695x.
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González-Montagut, Renée. "Factors That Contributed to the Expansion of Cattle Ranching in Veracruz, Mexico." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 101–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1051944.
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Este artículo analiza las condiciones y los individuos que participaron en la expansión ganadera acontecida en Veracruz durante el presente siglo. A finales del siglo pasado, innovaciones tecnológicas crearon las condiciones adecuadas para el desarrollo posterior de la ganadería. A raíz de la Revolución mexicana surgió un grupo de caciques poderosos, que utilizaron la ganadería para acaparar tierras y adquirir poder político. La desigualdad aumentó afectando a la clase campesina. En un principio, la expansión de pastizales ocurrió a costo de la cobertura forestal y, a partir de 1970, de la sustitución de áreas agrícolas. La naturaleza expansiva de este uso del suelo ha causado su propia decadencia. Es cuestionable si nuevas formas de uso del suelo lograrán tener un impacto menos negativo en el tejido social y en los ecosistemas del estado. Leyes que incorporen el valor de la naturaleza y que tengan una base democrática necesitan ser aplicadas con el apoyo de todos los sectores sociales veracruzanos. / The article analyzes the conditions that contributed to, and the individuals who participated in the expansion of cattle ranching in the state of Veracruz during this century. At the end of the last century, technological innovations created the appropriate conditions for the subsequent expansion of cattle raising. As a result of the Mexican Revolution, a powerful group of caciques arose who used cattle ranching as a means of taking control of land and acquiring political power. Inequality increased affecting the farmer's class. At first, the expansion of pastures occurred at the expense of forest cover and, after 1970, by taking over agricultural areas. The expansive nature of this form of land use has resulted in its own decline. It is doubtful that new forms of land use will result in a less negative impact on society and in the state's ecosystems. Laws that take into account the value of nature and which have a democratic base need to be applied with the support of all sectors of Veracruz society.
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Sánchez, Carlos Omar. "Mercado Argentino de Bovinos para carne: caracterización y mejoras en su comercialización." Escritos Contables y de Administración 6, no. 1 (September 26, 2016): 87–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.52292/j.eca.2015.309.
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Autor: Carlos Omar Sánchez ResumenEn este trabajo se analizan los aspectos más importantes de la venta de los productos obtenidos de la cría e inverne de ganado bovino, con el fin de proponer un sistema de trazabilidad más eficiente y recomendar un procedi¬miento para controlar el peso de la hacienda y las medias reses que contemple los intereses de los participantes del negocio. El trabajo sostiene un enfoque analítico y empírico, para fundamentar las propuestas, considerando las teorías existentes sobre comercialización y las entrevistas a distintos actores del sector (productores, consignatarios, profesionales relacionados con el tema, etc.). Se proponen modificaciones al sistema actual de trazabilidad y comercialización de la hacienda gorda destinada a faena cuando se realizan operaciones con base en el rendimiento o “el gancho”, lo que se concreta al reformular los deberes y atribuciones del IPCVA para el control y el seguimiento de los productos. Palabras clave: ganadería bovina, mercados, trazabilidad.AbstractThe aim of this work is to analyze the most important aspects in the sale of the products obtained from cattle breeding and fattening, in order to propose a more efficient traceability system and a method for controlling cattle and carcasses weight, considering all interested parties. From an analytical and empirical perspective, our proposals are based on current merchandising theories and interviews with different industry players (farmers, shippers, industry-related professionals, etc.). We suggest some modifications to the current tracing and merchandising system of the fat cattle destined for slaughter, when operations are based on "yield on the hook". Such modifications imply the reformulation of the duties and powers of the IPCVA (Argentine Beef Promotion Institute) for product control and tracing.Keywords: cattle, markets, traceability. JEL: M39 Contador Público, Profesor en Ciencias Económicas, Especialista en Gestión Agropecuaria, Magister en Gestión Empresaria, Dictado de posgrados en UNLP y UNNE, JTP en Producción y Comercialización en la Fac. de Cias. Ecas y Jurídicas de la UNLPam, e-mail: estusanch@yahoo.com.ar
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Zulpikar, Zulpikar, Cut Aida Fitri, and Cut Intan Novita. "Analisa Ekonomi Tepung Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) Sebagai Pakan Aditif pada Kambing Peranakan Etawah Laktasi." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 2, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v2i2.3022.
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Abstrak: Penelitian tentang Analisa Ekonomi Penambahan Tepung Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) sebagai Pakan Aditif pada Kambing Peranakan Etawah (PE) Laktasi, telah dilakukan di Desa Limpok, Kecamatan Darussalam, Kabupaten Aceh Besar, Provinsi Aceh dari bulan Maret sampai dengan bulan Mei 2016. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian tepung kulit manggis sebagai pakan aditif terhadap efisiensi ekonomi pemeliharaan ternak kambing Peranakan Etawah laktasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 16 ekor kambing Peranakan Etawah (PE). Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok. Ternak dikelompokkan berdasarkan masa laktasi sehingga diperoleh 16 satuan percobaan. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari perlakuan A (ransum kontrol), perlakuan B (penambahan tepung kulit manggis 2,5%), perlakuan C (penambahan tepung kulit manggis 5%) dan perlakuan D (penambahan tepung kulit manggis 7,5%). Data dianalisa menggunakan Analysis of variance (ANOVA). Parameter yang diamati adalah biaya produksi, hasil produksi, nilai hasil produksi, keuntungan kelayakan usaha. Tingkat keuntungan dan penerimaan semua perlakuan dalam penelitian ini mendapatkan keuntungan. Rasio manfaat biaya yang diperoleh. Abstrack: This research were studied about economic analysis of addition of mangosteen peel powder(Garcinia mangostana L) as a feed additive in goat etawah cross (PE) lactation. It had been done in the village Limpok Darussalam Aceh Besar District of Aceh Province of the date on from march to may, 2016. The purpose of this research is study the effect of mangosteen peel powder as a feed additive cattle raising economic efficiency the cross Etawah goat lactation. This reseach was used 16 Etawah goats. This research was used Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consists of 4 treatments and 4 groups. Livestock was grouped by lactation mass until obtained 16 unit trials. Each treatment consists of A treatment (control rations without mangosteen peel powder), B treatment (rations with added mangosteen peel powder 2.5%), C treatment (rations with added mangosteen peel powder 5%) and D treatment (rations with added mangosteen peel powder 7.5%). The reseach data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The parameters measured were the cost of production, production, production output value, profits feasibility. The rate of profits and acceptance of all treatments in this study benefit. Return cost ratio obtained treatment It demonstrate that the business is run to be continued. Economic analysis of mangosteen peel powder (Garcinia mangostana l) as feed the goat peranakan etawah additives lactation
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Hashemi, Mona, Cyrus Amirinia, Mohammad Taher Harkinezhad, Mohammad Hossein Banabazi, Arash Javanmard, and Fateme Amiri. "Validation of Pedigree Relationships Using a Multiplex Microsatellite Marker Assay in Iranian Holstein Cattle / Walidacja rodowodów irańskiego bydła holsztyńskiego przy użyciu analizy multipleks markerów mikrosatelitarnych." Annals of Animal Science 13, no. 3 (July 1, 2013): 481–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2013-0042.
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Abstract In the present study, the pedigree and genotype data of 94 individuals were examined for accuracy of parentage allocations and identity test using 12 fluorescent-labelled microsatellite markers in a highly sensitive and accurate ABI system. The panel of 12 markers showed mean PIC value of 0.71 and Shannon index of 1.65 and 7.58 alleles per locus, which suggests that these markers are highly polymorphic and could be useful for parentage control. Based on scoring allele sizes, a total of 91 alleles were observed within the studied population. The highest and lowest number of alleles was observed for TGLA227 locus and TGLA126 and BM1818 loci, respectively. The pedigree was considered incorrect in seven (35%) out of all the evaluated progeny, as their genotype did not match their parents. Combined EP value obtained for all loci in both parentage and identification analysis was 0.99, which indicates the high efficiency of the studied marker set and the accuracy of genotyping in ABI systems. Finally, the present findings confirmed the importance of surveying the pedigree structure and efficiency of 12 fluorescent-labelled microsatellite markers in a single multiplex PCR for parentage testing in the sampled Holstein cattle population.
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Rottensteiner, Hanspeter, Christina Monetti, Herbert Gritsch, Alfred Weber, Hartmut J. Ehrlich, Friedrich Scheiflinger, and Peter L. Turecek. "2D-DIGE As a Tool to Analyze Lot-to-Lot Consistency of Complex Therapeutic Products Such As BAX 855, a PEGylated Recombinant FVIII." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 4360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.4360.4360.
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Abstract Abstract 4360 2-Dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) is a method that circumvents the gel-to-gel variability inherent in conventional 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). We developed a 2-D DIGE protocol for recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII), a therapeutic protein used for the treatment of hemophilia A. The FVIII heterodimer is composed of heterogenous, strongly glycosylated heavy and light chains that are held together by a divalent cation. 2-DE of rFVIII led to a separation of the various fragments and their identity could be determined by Western blot. A comparison of two rFVIII batches by 2-D DIGE revealed their identical composition, whereas an rFVIII variant lacking its central B domain was congruent with the smallest heavy and light chain fragments of rFVIII only. A simpler pattern was obtained upon removal of the terminal sialic acids of rFVIII’s glycans due to a better focusing in the first dimension. 2-D DIGE was also well suited to structurally evaluate BAX 855, a PEGylated longer-acting variant of recombinant FVIII. 2-D DIGE thus proved an excellent and straightforward method for structural analysis of rFVIII. Our data suggest that the method could serve as a tool to characterize and control quality of very complex pharmaceutically active ingredients such as PEGylated proteins. Disclosures: Rottensteiner: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Monetti:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Gritsch:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Weber:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Ehrlich:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Scheiflinger:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Turecek:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment.
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Elzo, Mauricio A., Carlos Manrique P., and Gustavo Ossa S. "Evaluación genética del ganado criollo y sus cruces en Colombia." Corpoica Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria 2, no. 1 (July 31, 1997): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol2_num1_art:161.
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<p>Colombia posee siete razas de bovinos criollos adaptadas a las condiciones tropicales; el número total de animales puros es menor de 18.000, aunque si se consideran los animales criollos cruzados, dicho censo asciende a 50.000 animales aproximadamente. El Proyecto de Desarrollo Ganadero de 1986 sugirió aumentar su número y desarrollar planes de mejoramiento a nivel de finca. Estos objetivos se pueden lograr mediante un programa de evaluación genética nacional que incluya todas las razas criollas y sus cruces. El presente artículo presenta las estructuras básicas de las poblaciones y de los datos, a partir de los cuales es posible realizar una evaluación genética nacional, la cual se analiza en términos de la actual situación colombiana. Se discuten además, métodos lineales y procedimientos computacionales unirraciales y multirraciales para su manejo, y se sugiere el uso de programas de computación. Así mismo, se plantea una estrategia general para desarrollar dicho Programa Nacional de Evaluación Genética, enfatizando en algunos aspectos específicos desde el punto de vista colombiano. La implementación de dicho programa beneficiaría la conservación y el desarrollo de las razas criollas y de sus cruces, además de servir como modelo para desarrollar de manera sistemática la evaluación genética de los bovinos colombianos.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Genetic Evaluation of Criollo Cattle and Their Cross breds in Colombia</strong></p><p>Colombia has seven Criollo breed s of cattle adapted to tropical conditions, with a total number of pure breds of about 18.000, and about 50.000 cattle if Criollo crossbreds are also considered. The 1986 Livestock Development Project suggested increasing their numbers and developing animal improvement programs at a farm level. These goals can be achieved through the development of a national genetic evaluation program involving all Criollo breeds and their cross breds. The basic population and data structures that would allow the realization of a national genetic evaluation are presented and discussed in terms of the Colombian situation. Current unibreed and multibreed linear methodology, and computational procedures, are discussed, and computer software programs are suggested. A general strategy to develop a National Genetic Evaluation Program is outlined, and specific points discussed in further detail from a Colombian perspective. The implementation of a large national genetic evaluation program will not only benefit the Criollo breeds and their crossbreds, but it can serve as a model for the genetic evaluation of all cattle breed s and their cross breds in Colombia.</p>
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Nurlaila, Selvia, and Moh Zali. "Faktor Mempengaruhi Peningkatan Populasi Sapi Madura di Sentra Sapi Sonok Kabupaten Pamekasan." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis 7, no. 1 (January 16, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jitro.v7i1.8711.
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ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik peternak dan potensi alam terhadap peningkatan populasi sapi madura di sentra sapi sonok. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan jumlah sampel 100 peternak di sentra sapi sonok. Analisis data menggunakan analisa regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan faktor karakteristik peternak yakni variabel umur peternak, tingkat pendidikan, jumlah tanggungan keluarga, lama beternak, tujuan pemeliharaan dan pelatihan secara simultan tidak memberi pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan populasi sapi madura dan faktor potensi alam yakni curah hujan, luas lahan pertanian, rumah tangga peternak dan jumlah penduduk secara simultan memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan populasi sapi madura di Sentra Sapi Sonok. Variabel tertinggi adalah variabel luas lahan pertanian yaitu 0,843 hal ini dapat dijadikan acuan dalam peningkatan populasi dimana semakin luas lahan pertanian maka semakin besar terjadinya peningkatan populasi yang berkaitan dengan persediaan pakan hijauan dan pakan penguat ternak. Variabel rumah tangga peternak yaitu 0,0819 karena semakin banyaknya rumah tangga peternak maka semakin banyak populasi sapi dan variabel curah hujan yaitu 0,011 karena semakin tinggi curah hujan maka ketersediaan pakan hijauan ternak semakin berlimpah. Kemudian variabel yang nilainya negatif yaitu jumlah penduduk sebesar -0,725 diidentifikasikan bahwa semakin menurun jumlah penduduk maka populasi sapi akan mengalami penurunan. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian, pemeliharaan dan keikutsertaan dalam pelatihan tidak memberi pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan populasi. Faktor potensi alam yang terdiri dari curah hujan, luas lahan pertanian, rumah tangga peternak dan jumlah penduduk secara simultan memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan populasi sapi madura di sentra sapi sonok Kabupaten Pamekasan.Kata kunci: Populasi, regresi linier berganda, sapi madura, sentra sapi sonok ABSTRACTThe study aims to determine the relationship of breeder characteristics and natural potential to increase madura cattle population in sonok cows center. The method used is a survey method with a sample of 100 breeders in sonok cows center. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed the relationship between the characteristics of the breeders, namely the age of the breeders, the level of education, the number of family dependents, the length of the breeders, the purpose of maintenance and training simultaneously did not significantly influence the madura cattle population increase and natural potential factors namely rainfall, area of agricultural land, housing farmer ladder and population simultaneously have a significant influence on the increase in madura cattle population at the Cows Sonok Center. The highest variable is the area of agricultural land that is 0.843 it can be used as a reference in increasing population where the more extensive the agricultural land, the greater the increase in population associated with forage supply and animal feed reinforcement. The variable of farmer household is 0.0819 because of the increasing number of farmer households, the more cattle population and the rainfall variable is 0.011 because of the higher rainfall, the availability of forage feed is more abundant. Conclusions from the results of research, maintenance and participation in training did not have a significant effect on population increase. Natural potential factors consisting of rainfall, area of agricultural land, household of farmers and population simultaneously have a significant influence on the increase of madura cattle population in the center of sonok cattle in Pamekasan RegencyKeywords: Population, madura cattle, multiple linear regression, sonok cows center.
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Budiyanto, Agung, Tarsisius Considus Tophianong, Triguntoro, and Henny Kusuma Dewi. "Gangguan Reproduksi Sapi Bali pada Pola Pemeliharaan Semi Intensif di Daerah Sistem Integrasi Sapi - Kelapa Sawit." Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana 4, no. 1 (February 18, 2016): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/avi.4.1.14-18.
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Pemeliharaan sapi Bali di Kotamadya Bengkulu dengan sistem Sistem Integrasi Sapi - Kelapa Sawit (SISKA) sudah berjalan beberapa tahun. Salah satu parameter keberhasilan program ini adalah performa reproduksi sapi Bali. Performa reproduksi sapi Bali menggambarkan kualitas dari sistem manajemen pemeliharaan yang telah dilakukan. Kajian performa reproduksi sapi Bali tersebut sudah dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan reproduksi secara per rektal dan analisa data recording peternak dan petugas. Tujuan utama dari program manajemen reproduksi adalah mendapatkan produksi yang optimal dan keuntungan yang maksimal. Efisiensi reproduksi menentukan produktivitas, profitabilitas dan keberlanjutan dari setiap usaha peternakan. Adanya gangguan reproduksi menyebabkan inefisiensi reproduksi. Kondisi ini akan menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi gangguan reproduksi dan respon kesembuhannya. Sebanyak 333 ekor sapi Bali betina dengan umur minimal 2 tahun dilakukan pemeriksaan reproduksi. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap yaitu anamnesa, pemeriksaan klinis dan pemeriksaan reproduksi secara per rektal. Penanganan gangguan reproduksi dinyatakan sembuh apabila timbulnya respon klinis berupa estrus. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dicatat dan dianalisa secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan diketahui bahwa 193 (57,95 %) sapi betina mengalami gangguan reproduksi yang meliputi delayed pubertas, hipofungsi ovarium, metritis, endometritis dan anestrus postpartum. Sedangkan sebanyak 80 (41,45 %) sapi sudah menunjukan gejala estrus. Adanya interaksi yang kompleks antara faktor lingkungan atau manajemen (nutrisi), respon individual, jenis gangguan reproduksi dan derajat keparahan gangguan reproduksi akan menimbulkan respon kesembuhan yang bervariasi dari setiap penanganan gangguan reproduksi.Kata kunci: gangguan reproduksi, sapi Bali, estrus, Bengkulu. (Bali Cattle Reproductive Disorders with Semi Intensive Management in The Area of Cattle - Oil Palm Integration System)The maintenance of Bali cattles in Bengkulu regency with cattle - oil palm integration system (SISKA) has been running several years. The one parameters of the success this program is the reproductive performance of Bali cattle. Bali cattle reproductive performance describe the quality of the maintenance management system that has been done. Bali cattle reproductive performance study has been conducted with reproductive rectal examination and analysis of the data recording breeders and farmer. The main purpose of the reproductive management program was getting the optimal production and maximum benefit. Reproductive efficiency determines the productivity, profitability and sustainability of each farm. The inefficiency reproductive was caused by existence of reproductive disorders. These conditions cause economic losses. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of reproductive disorders and recovery response. A total of 333 cows Bali females with at least 2 years of age has been reproductive examination. The research methods were done through classification for several stages, anamnesis, clinical examination and reproductive examination by rectally palpation. Treatment of reproductive disorders declared cured if the onset of clinical response in the form of estrus. The data obtained then were recorded and analyzed descriptively. Based on the results of the examination reported that 193 (57.95%) of female Bali cattles experiencing reproductive disorders which include delayed puberty, ovarian hypofunction, metritis, endometritis and postpartum anestrus. While as many as 80 (41.45%) of female Bali cattles were showing signs of estrus. The existence of complex interactions between environmental factors or management (nutrition), individual responses, the type and severity of reproductive disorders were affected of varies healing response from each treatment of reproductive disorders.Keywords: reproductive disorders, bali cattle, oestrus, Bengkulu.
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Bazantes-Chamorro, Jessica, Nataly Revelo-Morán, and José Moncada-Rangel. "CONFLICTO SER HUMANO – OSO ANDINO (Tremarctos ornatus ) EN SAN FRANCISCO DE SIGSIPAMBA, PROVINCIA DE IMBABURA, ECUADOR." Revista Mexicana de Mastozoologia 1, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ie.20074484e.2018.1.2.260.
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ResumenEn Ecuador, el oso andino está en peligro de extinción debido a la reducción de su hábitat por el cambio de áreas naturales a zonas agropecuarias. En la parroquia San Francisco de Sigsipamba, provincia de Imbabura, se reportan casos de depredación de ganado vacuno y daños a cultivos por el oso andino. El objetivo fue analizar el conflicto humano-oso andino en esta zona, mediante el contraste de dos fuentes de información: entrevistas aplicadas a los pobladores afectados en dicha zona y un análisis multitemporal de uso del suelo y cobertura vegetal de los años 1991, 2007 y 2017. Con estos insumos, se elaboró un mapa de zonificación del conflicto. La interacción humano–oso andino en la zona estudiada se consideró de alta intensidad debido a las pérdidas económicas generadas por la muerte de 89 cabezas de ganado vacuno durante el período 2014-2017. La comunidad local priorizó cuatro estrategias para evitar que el conflicto se intensifique y contribuir a conservar al oso andino.Palabras clave: conservación, etnozoología, interacción gente-fauna silvestre, oso de anteojos.AbstractIn Ecuador, the Andean bear is in danger of extinction because of the habitat reduction due to the change of natural areas into agricultural areas. In San Francisco de Sigsipamba, Imbabura province, conflicts are reported for cattle depredation and crops damages. The aim of this study was to analyze the human-Andean bear conflict in this area, contrasting two sources of information: interviews applied to affected inhabitants and a multitemporal analysis of land use and vegetation cover over the years 1991, 2007 and 2017.The conflict turned out to be of high intensity due to the economic loss for to the death of 89 cattle heads between 2014-2017. With this information, a zoning map of the conflict was developed. The interaction bear-human in the studied area can be considered of high intensity due to economic losses because of the death of 89 heads of cattle during the period 2014-2017. Four strategies were prioritized for the local community to reduce the conflict intensity and to contribute to conserve the Andean bear.Key words: conservation, ethnozoology, human-wildlife interaction, spectacled bear.
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Cañez De la Fuente, Gloria María, and Juana María Meléndez Torres. "Modernización y reconfiguración socio-productiva en un grupo de campesinos ganaderos del Noroeste de México, 1964-2000." HiSTOReLo. Revista de Historia Regional y Local 5, no. 10 (July 1, 2013): 197–235. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/historelo.v5n10.38660.
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Este artículo aborda el estudio de caso de un grupo de campesinos desplazados de sus pueblos en la región serrana, como resultado de la política modernizadora agrícola-ganadera en el noroeste de México. Se analizan, desde una perspectiva socio-antropológica e histórica, los aspectos que afectaron tanto el desarrollo de acciones y relaciones sociales dirigidas al mejoramiento de sus condiciones de vida, como de su actividad productiva bajo las nuevas circunstancias que les imponía dicha modernización, en una región semidesértica, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad, con la finalidad de recuperar sus propias experiencias y los significados de sus acciones. Encontramos que el nuevo esquema productivo y financiero, la exclusión de la ganadería tradicional, y los cambios en el uso y control de los recursos agua y tierra, fueron elementos que propiciaron conflictos internos entre estos campesinos y que al mismo tiempo, contribuyeron a la reconfiguración del complejo de relaciones sociales e identitarias existentes.Palabras Clave: campesinos, ganadería, relaciones entre grupos, identidad, estudio de caso, Noroeste de México. Modernization and Socio-Productive Reconfiguration in a Group of Cattle Raisers Peasant in the Northwest of Mexico, 1964-2000AbstractThis article approaches the study of case of a group of cattle raisers in the northern of Mexico. They are analyzed from a socio-anthropological and historical perspective, which were the aspects that affected so much the development of actions and social relations directed the improvement of his conditions of life as of his productive activity under the modernization process in a semidesert region, during the second half of the 20th century. Qualitative interviews were realized, with the purpose of recovering his experiences and the explanation or meaning of his actions in his own terms. We find that the new productive and financial scheme, the exclusion of the traditional ranching, and the changes in the use and control of the resources water and land, they propitiated internal conflicts between these peasants concerning the control and use of it, as well as the reconfiguration of the existing social relations and identities complex.Keywords: peasantry, cattle ranching,intergroup relation, identity, study of case, northern of Mexico.
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Fadly, Muhammad, Tjahya Supriatna, Deti Mulyati, and Fernandes Simangunsong. "The Local Government Strategy in Sub-District Development as the Center of Economic Development with One Sub-District One Product Based at Mukomuko Region in Bengkulu Province." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 3 (September 29, 2018): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i3.13545.
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The focus of the study was to analize the strategy of developing district as the centre of economic growth with One District One Product principle by formulating the accurate strategy in planning the development of district with One District One Product principle in Mukomuko District of Bengkulu. The existing unbalanced development and regional gap made the study important. The method used in the study was descriptive qualitative and explorative within 15 districts of Mukomuko, Bengkulu. Data collecting was done by interview, observation, documentation, triangulation (Forum Groups Discussion), and using quantitative analysis measurement (scalogram, LQ, MRP, Overlay, and interaction).The result of the study showed 5 (five) districts as economic growth and regional development in Mukomuko District of Bengkulu, namely: (1) District of Mukomuko City, (2) District of Lubuk Pinang, (3) District of Penarik, (4) District of Pondok Suguh, and (5) District of Ipuh. Featured products of each sub-district determined by the potential of natural resources and Gross Domestic Regional Product as featured commodities of One District One Product were: rice commodity, cattle, chicken, rubber, salt-water fish, Kelong shrimp, Soka crab, galian c (quarry), Mingkih fish, tofu/tempe, and Pandan Wangi Beach tourism. Competitive Strategy and ASOCA Analysis were used to formulate the strategy to develop district as economic growth centre.
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Fallo, Jenitha Verawati, Enike Dwi Kusumawati, and Aju Tjatur Nugroho Krisnaningsih. "Pengaruh berat badan induk terhadap berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi bali yang dipelihara secara semi-intensif di kabupaten belu." Jurnal Sains Peternakan 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/jsp.v7i1.3614.
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Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh berat badan induk terhadap berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi Bali yang dipelihara secara semi-intensif. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 ekor induk sapi Bali dengan umur 3-5 tahun dan 30 ekor pedet sapi Bali dari tahun 2015 sampai 2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan analisis data dari data recording, dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu P1 bobot badan 151-200 Kg, P2 bobot badan 201-250 Kg, P3 bobot badan 251-300 Kg dengan masing-masing perlakuan di ulangan 10 kali. Variabel yang diukur adalah berat lahir sapi Bali dan pertambahan bobot badan harian, data dianalisa menggunakan analisa varian.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berat badan induk tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi Bali yang dipelihara secara semi-intensif (P>0,05), dengan berat lahir pedet tertinggi 20 Kg pada kelompok bobot badan induk 251 – 300 Kg, demikian pula pada kelompok bobot badan induk 251-300 Kg pertambahan bobot badan pedet tertimggi adalah 0,87 Kg. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi Bali tidak dipengaruhi oleh berat badan induk pada sistem pemeliharaan semi-intensif.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of maternal weight on birth weight and calf weight gain in semi-intensive Balinese cattle.The material used in this study were 30 Balinese cows with 3-5 years of age and 30 Balinese calves from 2015 to 2017. The method used in this study was a quantitative method by analyzing data from recording data, with 3 treatments namely P1 body weight 151-200 Kg, P2 body weight 201-250 Kg, P3 body weight 251-300 Kg with replication is not the same, namely 10 replications. The variables measured were Bali cattle birth weight and daily body weight gain and analyzed the data using a completely randomized design.The results of this study indicate that maternal body weight did not have a significant effect on birth weight and calf weight gain in semi-intensive Balinese cattle (P> 0.05), with the highest calf birth weight 20 Kg in the body weight group the main 251 - 300 Kg, as well as the parent body weight 251-300 Kg the highest increase in calf body weight was 0.87 Kg. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that birth weight and calf weight gain in Balinese cattle are not influenced by the body weight of the semi-intensive maintenance system.
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Martinez Garnica, Armando. "La historia local desde la perspectiva de la sociología de los regímenes." HiSTOReLo. Revista de Historia Regional y Local 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 33–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/historelo.v1n1.9317.
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El artículo analiza la historia local a partir de la sociología de regímenes propuesta por Fred Spier y clasificada por Norbert Elias. El texto analiza los aspectos políticos, ambientales y personales en ámbitos locales. El autor expone la funcionalidad explicativa y analítica del concepto, y lo instrumentaliza en el caso de la fundación y el ámbito social de San Juan Girón (Santander, Colombia) en el siglo XVII. La fundación es vista como el establecimiento de un régimen político cuyas figuras y entidades activas las representa el gobernador y el Cabildo de la ciudad en el marco de una serie de conflictos jurisdiccionales con los habitantes nativos y de localidades vecinas. El efecto de la fundación estimula un proceso de colonización en un paisaje geográfico que determina el régimen ambiental en el que se destacan colonos, hacendados, agricultores y ganaderos. Finalmente el régimen individual se traduce en la creación de redes de parentesco, que reflejan diferenciaciones y rivalidades sociales y étnicas entre grupos y personajes distinguidos de la localidad. El autor se apoya en fuentes primarias y secundarias para rendir cuenta del proceso político-administrativo de la fundación y la emergencia de personajes que constituyeron la red socio-administrativa y gestora del hecho histórico.Palabras clave: historia local, sociología de regímenes, San Juan Girón, siglo XVII.Local history from the perspective of regime sociology AbstractThe article analizes local history from the regime sociology proposed by Fred Spier and classified by Norbert Elias. The text analyzes political, environmental, and personal aspects in local environments. The author exposes the concept’s explicative and analytical functionality, and it instrumentalizes it in the case of the founding and the social ambiance of San Juan Girón (Santander, Colombia) in the 17th century. The founding is seen as the establishing of a political regimen whose figures and active entities are represented by the city’s governor and cabildo, in the framework of a series of jurisdictional conflicts with the native inhabitants and of neighboring localities. The effect of the founding motivates a process of colonization in a geographical countryside which determines the environmental regime in which are found colonists, large landowners, farmers, and cattle ranchers. Finally, the individual regime is translated into the creation of kinship networks, which reflect differentiations, social, and ethnic rivalries among groups and distinguished people of the locality. The author backs his work with primary and secondary sources to give an account of the political-administrative process of the founding and the emergence of people who constituted the socio-administrative and managing network of the historic event. Keywords: local history, regime sociology, San Juan Girón, 17th century.
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Muñoz, Pablo Antonio Cuesta. "Fundamentos de manejo de praderas para mejorar la productividad de la ganadería del trópico colombiano." Corpoica Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria 6, no. 2 (July 31, 2005): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol6_num2_art:42.
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<p>Las especies forrajeras constituyen la principal fuente de alimentación de los bovinos en Colombia; en la mayoría de las explotaciones son el único alimento debido a las condiciones climáticas favorables para la producción de forraje a través del año y a lo poco práctico que resulta alimentar rumiantes con granos o subproductos agroindustriales, debido al alto costo y la baja oferta de estos recursos en el mercado nacional. El manejo del pastoreo es el aspecto menos entendido en las explotaciones y ocurren con frecuencia eventos de sobrepastoreo y subpastoreo a lo largo de un mismo año, con reducciones drásticas en la producción animal y en la persistencia del pasto, lo que conduce a una degradación rápida de las praderas. En este artículo se revisan las principales respuestas fisiológicas de las praderas en pastoreo y se incluye un análisis de los efectos del animal sobre las plantas y el suelo. Así mismo, se compendian los mecanismos de respuesta a la defoliación, el papel de las reservas orgánicas, de los meristemos y del área foliar residual, al igual que el manejo del pastoreo, con sus variables de frecuencia e intensidad de la defoliación y su efecto sobre la composición botánica el valor nutritivo y la producción de forraje de la pradera. Finalmente, se analiza brevemente la productividad de las praderas, la producción animal y las variables de respuesta bajo pastoreo.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Fundamentals of pasture management to improve productivity of cattle production systems in Colombia</strong></p><p>Forage species are the foundation of cattle production systems in Colombia being the only source of animal feed in most cattle operations year round since climatic conditions support forage production and grazing during most of the year; however, feeding ruminants with grains or agroindustrial byproducts is impractical under most circumstances, due to the high cost and low offer of these materials in the market. Grazing management is probably the most poorly understood issue in most pastures. In fact, overgrazing and undergazing are frequently carried out within the same year, which severely reduce animal productivity and forage persistence, thus leading to a rapid degradation of the pastures. This article presents a review of the main physiological responses of pastures under grazing including an analysis of the animal effects in the forage plants and in the soil. The main defoliation response mechanisms are also reviewed, the role of organic reserves, meristems and residual leaf area, as well as grazing management of the pastures, as influenced by frequency and intensity of defoliation, which in tum affect botanical composition, forage productivity, nutritive value and persistence of the pasture. Finally, a brief discussion of pasture productivity evaluation, animal production and response variables under grazing are also presented.</p>
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Ardiyanto, David, Hastari Wuryastuty, and Raden Wasito. "Deteksi Brucella abortus dari Sampel Darah-Utuh dengan Uji Polymerase Chain Reaction Tanpa Ekstraksi DNA." Jurnal Sain Veteriner 38, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsv.53506.
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Abstract Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that cause a significant economic losses for cattle industries worldwide. A rapid, precise and accurate diagnosis technique for diagnosis of brucellosis in all stages of the infection is definitely required. Blood-samples are widely used for PCR-based DNA analysis because they are easily collected, handled, and processed. Direct PCR analysis without DNA extraction has been attempted to reduce time and costs for routine analysis. This approach is promising but is still limited by the presence of PCR inhibitors that is naturally found in the blood samples. The objective of this study was to compare the effectivity of direct PCR technique with or without DNA extraction for detection of Brucella abortus in the blood samples. Three whole-blood samples from brucella infected dairy cattle and five whole-blood samples from beef cattle that having abortion were used as samples in this study. A pair of bcsp31 primers and IS711 primers were used for amplification of genus-specific and species-specific of Brucella. The results showed that amplicon in the position of 223 bp and 498 bp that are specific for B. abortus were detected from all of the samples that were analyzed on 1.5% agarose gels. Based on the result it could be concluded that direct PCR analyses without DNA extraction is a sensitive, specific, simple, rapid and inexpensive assay for detecting B. abortus in the whole blood samples for either dairy or beef cattle and therefore it could improve the existing surveillance and control programs for brucellosis. Keywords : brucellosis; direct PCR; PCR inhibitor; whole-blood sample; without DNA extraction Abstrak Brucellosis adalah penyakit zoonosis yang menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi yang signifikan bagi industri ternak di seluruh dunia. Teknik diagnosis yang cepat, tepat dan akurat yang dapat digunakan untuk diagnosis brucellosis pada semua tahap infeksi sangat diperlukan. Sampel darah banyak digunakan untuk analisis PCR berbasis DNA karena mudah untuk dikoleksi, ditangani, dan diproses. Metoda PCR langsung tanpa didahului dengan ekstraksi DNA dikembangkan dengan tujuan penghematan waktu dan beaya untuk analisa secara rutin. Tehnik ini sangat menjanjikan tetapi memiliki keterbatasan karena adanya senyawa penghambat PCR yang secara alami terkandung di dalam sampel darah . Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membandingkan efektifitas antara uji PCR secara langsung dengan ekstraksi dan tanpa ekstraksi DNA untuk deteksi Brucella abortus di dalam darah. Tiga ( 3 ) sampel darah-EDTA yang berasal dari sapi penderita brucellosis dan 5 sampel darah-EDTA dari sapi potong yang mengalami abortus digunakan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Pasangan primer bcsp31 dan primer IS711 untuk amplifikasi gen dan species specific digunakan dalam penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa amplikon/pita pada posisi 223 bp dan 498 bp yang spesifik untuk Brucella abortus terdeteksi dari semua sampel yang dianalisa dengan gel agarosa 1,5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa uji PCR secara langsung tanpa didahului dengan ekstraksi DNA merupakan tehnik yang sensitif, spesifik, sederhana, cepat dan murah untuk deteksi B. abortus di dalam sampel darah baik sapi perah maupun sapi potong dan oleh karena itu diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki program kontrol dan survailance yang telah ada untuk brucellosis. Kata kunci : brucellosis; PCR langsung; penghambat PCR; sampel darah-utuh; tanpa ekstraksi DNA
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Susilowati, Sri Endah, and Jadi Martua Simbolon. "ANALISA LAJU KOROSI PLAT A36 UNTUK DECK FLOATIN G DOCK VENTURE 3 DENGAN PERLINDUNGAN ZINC ANODE DAN ARUS DC SERTA ZINC ANODE TANPA MENGGUNAKAN ARUS DC." JURNAL KAJIAN TEKNIK MESIN 4, no. 2 (September 27, 2019): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52447/jktm.v4i2.1814.
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ABSTRAKKorosi atau perkaratan sangat lazim terjadi pada besi. Besi merupakan logam yang mudah berkarat. Karat besi merupakan zat yang dihasilkan pada peristiwa korosi, yaitu berupa zat padat berwarna coklat kemerahan yang bersifat rapuh serta berpori. Rumus kimia dari karat besi adalah Fe2O3 x H2O. Bila dibiarkan, lama kelamaan besi akan habis menjadi karat. Dampak dari peristiwa korosi bersifat sangat merugikan. Peristiwa korosi sendiri merupakan proses elektrokimia, yaitu reaksi kimia yang melibatkan adanya aliran listrik. Bagian tertentu dari besi berlaku sebagai kutub negatif (elektroda negatif, anoda), sementara bagian yang lain sebagai kutub positif (elektroda positif, katoda). Elektron mengalir dari anoda ke katoda, sehingga terjadilah peristiwa korosi. Penelitian laju korosi ini menggunakan plat A36 untuk Deck Floating Dock Venture dengan tiga macam perlakuan, yaitu Plat tanpa perlindungan korosi (A) , dengan perlindungan zinc anode (B) serta perlindungan gabungan dari zinc anode dan arus listrik DC (C). Laju korosi dihitung dengan menggunakan metode kehilangan berat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besarnya laju korosi pada perlakuan A, B dan C berturut-turut adalah : 0,66 mpy, 0,22 mpy dan 0,17 mpy. Perlakuan dengan menggunakan perlindungan zinc anode dan arus DC menghasilkan nilai laju kekerasan paling kecil diantara yang lain. Untuk nilai kekerasan yang diuji menggunakan Brinnnel Number Test nilainya berturut-turut adalah : 136,3 BHN, 205,2 BHN dan 202,9 BHN. Nilai kekerasan tertinggi pada Plat dengan perlakuan perlindungan zinc anode.Kata kunci :Laju Korosi, Zinc Anode, Arus listrik DC, Floating Dock, Plat A36 ABSTRACK Corrosion or rusting is very common in iron. Iron is a metal that is easily corroded. Iron rust is a substance produced in the event of corrosion, which is a reddish brown solid which is fragile and porous. The chemical formula of iron rust is Fe2O3 x H2O. If left unchecked, over time the iron will run out to rust. The impact of corrosion is very detrimental. Corrosion event itself is an electrochemical process, which is a chemical reaction involving an electric current. Certain parts of the iron act as negative poles (negative electrodes, anodes), while other parts are positive poles (positive electrodes, cathodes). Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode, resulting in a corrosion event. This corrosion rate research uses A36 plate for Deck Floating Dock Venture with three types of treatment, namely Plate without corrosion protection (A), with zinc anode protection (B) as well as combined protection from zinc anode and DC electric current (C). Corrosion rate is calculated using the weight loss method. The results showed the magnitude of the corrosion rate in treatments A, B and C were: 0.66 mpy, 0.22 mpy and 0.17 mpy. The treatment using zinc anode protection and DC current yields the smallest rate of hardness among others. For the hardness values tested using the Brinnnel Number Test, the values are: 136.3 BHN, 205.2 BHN and 202.9 BHN. The highest hardness value on the Plate with zinc anode protection treatment.Keywords: Corrosion Rate, Zinc Anode, DC Electric Current, Floating Dock, Plate A36
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Dira, Dira, Chris Deviarny, and Wenny Riona. "PENETAPAN KADAR ZAT BESI (Fe) PADA BUAH NAGA ISI SUPER MERAH (Hylocereus costaricensis L.) DAN ISI PUTIH (Hylocereus undatus L.)." Majalah Kedokteran Andalas 37, no. 3 (May 3, 2015): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.22338/mka.v37.i3.p174-180.2014.
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AbstrakTelah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menetapkan kadar zat besi (Fe) pada buah naga isi super merah (Hylocereus costaricensis L.) dan buah naga isi putih (Hylocereus undatus L.) dengan metode Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom. Masing-masing sampel di destruksi terlebih dahulu dengan melakukan destruksi kering, kemudian serapan larutan sampel diukur dengan alat Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom menggunakan lampu katoda berongga Fe pada panjang gelombang 248,3 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar zat besi pada buah naga isi super merah (Hylocereus costaricensis L.) adalah 0,03673 %b/b dan buah naga isi putih (Hylocereus undatus L.) adalah 0,04295 %b/b. Analisa statistik menggunakan uji T-student didapatkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata antara kadar Fe pada buah naga isi super merah (Hylocereus costaricensis L.) dan buah naga isi putih (Hylocereus undatus L.) pada P < 0,05.AbstractA research to determination of Iron (Fe) content in red dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis L.) and white dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus L.) has been done by using the Atomic Absorbtion Spectroscopy. Each sample were destructing first,with dry destruction, than the absorbtion of solution was measured with Atomic Absorbtion Spectroscopy using Hollow Catode Lamp Fe at wave length 248,3 nm. The result show that Fe content in red dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis L.) is 0,03673 % w/w and white dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus L.) is 0,04295 % w/w. Statistic analisys using T-students found that there is no significant result of Fe content between red dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis L.) and white dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus L.) at P < 0,05.
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Pinheiro, José Aldair, Aumeri Carlos Bampi, and Carlos Alberto Franco da Silva. "O PROJETO DE ASSENTAMENTO CONJUNTO TERRANOVA I NA BORDA MERIDIONAL DA AMAZÔNIA MATO-GROSSENSE: efeitos territoriais da ocupação." InterEspaço: Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade 5, no. 19 (January 22, 2020): 202005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2446-6549.e202005.
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THE TERRANOVA I JOINT SETTLEMENT PROJECT ON THE SOUTHERN EDGE OF MATO GROSSO AMAZON: territorial effects of occupationEL PROYECTO DE ASENTAMIENTO CONJUNTO TERRANOVA I EN EL BORDE MERIDIONAL DE LA AMAZONIA MATO-GROSSENSE: efectos territoriales de la ocupaciónRESUMOO estudo analisa a relação sociedade/natureza e os efeitos territoriais decorrentes do assentamento via colonização oficial-particular na Amazônia, no Projeto Terranova I, na região norte de Mato Grosso. Situado no âmbito das políticas nacionais integracionistas da década de 1970, surgiu como resposta às demandas de campesinos gaúchos e sem-terra, em face dos problemas da modernização da agricultura sulista. A metodologia adotada se apoiou em entrevistas, registro de narrativas e observações de campo. Os resultados apontam que o desmatamento civilizador conduzido pelo pragmatismo economicista ocasionou a total supressão da floresta originária, diminuiu a fauna e adulterou os recursos hídricos na área. O solo, destinado à agricultura familiar, poucos anos depois, teve uso suplantado pela monocultura de pastagens à pecuária bovina extensiva. Registra-se que houve pouco amparo governamental, ausência de assistência técnica e de gestão ambiental, o que potencializou a apropriação com intensa degradação e graves implicações ecológicas e socioeconômicas. Conclui-se que, passadas quatro décadas, o assentamento rural revelou insustentabilidade das práticas produtivas e problemas de fixação do camponês à terra. Palavras-chave: Amazônia; Assentamento Rural; Degradação Ambiental; Fronteira Agrícola.ABSTRACTThe study analyzes the society/nature relationship and the territorial effects resulting from the settlement via official-private colonization in the Amazon, in the Terranova I Project, in the northern region of Mato Grosso. Situated within the scope of the national integrationist policies of the 1970s, it emerged as a response to the demands of gauchos and landless peasants, in the face of the problems of the southern agriculture modernization. The adopted methodology was based on interviews, recording of narratives and field observations. The results show that civilizing deforestation driven by economicist pragmatism caused the total suppression of the original forest, reduced fauna and adulterated water resources in the area. The soil, destined for family farming, a few years later, had its use supplanted by the monoculture of pastures to extensive cattle ranching. It is noted that there was little government support, absence of technical assistance and environmental management, which increased ownership with intense degradation and serious ecological and socioeconomic implications. It is concluded that, after 4 decades, the rural settlement revealed unsustainability of the productive practices and problems of fixation the peasant to the land.Keywords: Amazon; Rural Settlement; Environmental Degradation; Agricultural Frontier.RESUMENEl estudio analiza la relación sociedad/naturaleza y los efectos territoriales resultantes del asentamiento a través de la colonización oficial-privada en la Amazonía, en el Proyecto Terranova I, en la región norte de Mato Grosso. Situada en el ámbito de las políticas nacionales integracionistas de la década de 1970, surgió como respuesta a las demandas de los gauchos y campesinos sin tierra, ante los problemas de modernización de la agricultura sureña. La metodología adoptada se basó en entrevistas, registro de narrativas y observaciones de campo. Los resultados muestran que la deforestación civilizadora impulsada por el pragmatismo económico provocó la supresión total del bosque original, la reducción de la fauna y la adulteración de los recursos hídricos de la zona. El suelo, destinado a la agricultura familiar, unos años más tarde, tuvo su uso suplantado por el monocultivo de pastos a la ganadería extensiva. Se observa que hubo poco apoyo gubernamental, ausencia de asistencia técnica y manejo ambiental, lo que aumentó la apropiación con una degradación intensa y graves implicaciones ecológicas y socioeconómicas. Se concluye que, luego de 4 décadas, el asentamiento rural reveló insostenibilidad de las prácticas productivas y problemas de fijación del campesino a la tierra.Palabras clave: Amazonía; Asentamiento Rural; Degradación Ambiental; Frontera Agrícola.
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Suárez P., Emiro, Sony Reza G., Eliecer Díaz A., Fredy García C., Iván Pastrana V., Hugo Cuadrado C., and Manuel Espinosa C. "Efectos de las condiciones ambientales sobre el comportamiento ingestivo en bovinos de carne en un sistema intensivo en el Valle del Sinú." Corpoica Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria 13, no. 2 (January 17, 2013): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol13_num2_art:257.
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<p>Incrementos en la temperatura ambiental y la humedad relativa, unidas al efecto de la radiación solar, ocasionan pérdidas en el bienestar animal, afectando la conducta ingestiva y la productividad animal. Por ello el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las relaciones entre las variables atmosféricas, como temperatura del aire, humedad relativa, velocidad del viento y radiación solar, con los tiempos de pastoreo y de rumia de bovinos cebú comercial. La investigación se llevó a cabo durante 96 días, entre julio-octubre de 2010, en el C.I. Turipaná de Corpoica (Cereté, Colombia). Bovinos machos enteros (27), con peso promedio 314 ± 29 kg, pastorearon en un área de 18 hectáreas, establecidas en <em>Panicum maximum </em>cv. Mombasa, <em>Cynodonnlem fluensis </em>y <em>Brachiaria </em>híbrido cv. Mulato II, sin disponibilidad de sombra. Se realizaron ocho evaluaciones durante 8 días dentro del periodo experimental de las variables atmosféricas e ingestivas y las anotaciones se hicieron en un lapso de 12 horas continuas (6:00 AM a 6:00 PM). Los resultados resaltan que al aumentar la temperatura del aire, humedad relativa y la radiación solar, disminuyó el tiempo de pastoreo y aumentó el tiempo de rumia, mientras que al aumentar la velocidad del viento se incrementó el tiempo de pastoreo y disminuyó el tiempo de rumia. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que la temperatura del aire, humedad relativa, radiación solar y velocidad del viento, presentaron una influencia directa sobre el comportamiento ingestivo de los bovinos de carne manejados en sistemas intensivos (sin sombra) en el Valle del Sinú. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Effects of environmental conditions on feeding behavior in beef cattle in an intensive system in the Sinú Valley </strong></p><p>Increases in temperature and relative humidity together with the solar radiation effect are detrimental to animal welfare, affecting their behavior when it comes to feeding and digestive behavior, which affects their productivity. Therefore, the goal of this research was to analyze the link between atmospheric variables, air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and solar radiation to the time of grazing and rumination of commercial Zebu cattle. The research took place from July to October 2010, at the Turipaná Center, Corpoica (Cereté, Colombia). Male intact bovines (27), with an average weight of 314 ± 29 kg, grazed in an area of 18 hectares, established with <em>Panicum maximum </em>cv. Mombasa, <em>Cynodonnlem fluensis </em>and <em>Brachiaria </em>hybrid cv. Mulato II, without shade availability. Eight evaluations were conducted for 8 days in the experimental period for atmospheric variables and ingestion. Notes were taken in 12 hour time frames (6:00 AM a 6:00 PM). The outcome showed that as the air temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation increased, the grazing time decreased and rumination time lasted longer. However, when wind speed increased, grazing time increased as well and rumination took less time. The results showed that the air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and wind speed had a direct influence on the ingestive behavior of beef cattle managed in intensive systems (shadeless) in Valle del Sinú. </p>
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Ott, Christine. "La vesta, ch’al gran dì sarà sì chiara: Dante, Michelangelo und das Jüngste Gericht." Deutsches Dante-Jahrbuch 93, no. 1 (September 28, 2018): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dante-2018-0002.
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RiassuntoDopo un’introduzione al dibattito medievale sul giudizio universale e la risurrezione dei corpi, il contributo analizza l’immaginario della »vesta« all’interno della concezione dantesca della risurrezione. Sebbene l’ammonizione di Catone, che in Purg. II esorta le anime a »spogliarsi« di un involucro ingombrante, sembri propagare una condanna del corpo come fonte di peccato, la concezione dantesca vede la felicità ultraterrena (e risurrezionale) in una riunione di corpo e anima, la »doppia vesta« di Par. XXV. Anche in Michelangelo si incontra spesso l’immaginario del vestito o della pelle come simboli di una condizione peccaminosa di cui l’uomo deve »spogliarsi« per accedere alla felicità ultraterrena. La pelle del peccatore ha trovato una concretizzazione pittorica impressionante nel celebre autoritratto che Michelangelo ha nascosto nella pelle di san Bartolomeo, nel Giudizio universale della Sistina. Impossibile decidere se essa raffiguri l’involucro dell’uomo »vecchio«, che va eliminato per accedere alla via eterna, oppure un qualcosa che »va salvato«. Altrettanto impossibile dire se l’artista volesse esprimere una sorta di auto-condanna oppure la speranza di poter risorgere lasciando dietro di sé la propria natura di peccatore. Nella lirica michelangiolesca il discorso non è affatto più semplice. Accanto alle liriche improntate a un dualismo neoplatonico di anima e corpo, vi sono altre che trattano la tematica della risurrezione in maniera frivola, concettistica, celebrando la bellezza di un giovane amato, che anche dopo la morte dovrà risorgere tale quale e che darà conforto alle altre anime – in paradiso oppure in inferno. Il tono spirituale e quello amoroso possono anche essere intimamente connessi, come si mostrerà infine in base al sonetto D’altrui pietoso. In questo testo segnato da reminiscenze dantesche e petrarchesche, un’io lirico esprime il desiderio di lasciare la propria pelle per rivestirne l’amato – che a sua volte appare contemporaneamente come essere terreno e come figura di Dio.
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Breitenbach, Raquel, Caroline Citta Mazocco, and Graziela Corazza. "ESTÍMULO À SUCESSÃO FAMILIAR NA BOVINOCULTURA DE LEITE: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA." REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA 10, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24317/2358-0399.2019v10i1.10555.
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A bovinocultura de leite é uma atividade considerada penosa pelos agricultores, pela elevada carga de trabalho, horários rigorosos, complexidade das atividades e oscilações constantes na remuneração. Consequentemente, é uma das atividades agropecuárias com maior dificuldade na sucessão familiar. O Projeto de Extensão “Quem vai cuidar das “Mimosas”? Sucessão Familiar na Bovinocultura de Leite” foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de auxiliar no processo de sucessão rural, estimulando crianças, adolescentes e jovens de Sertão, Rio Grande do Sul, e entorno a gostarem do campo e da atividade de bovinocultura de leite. O presente trabalho objetivou resgatar e analisar as atividades e resultados do referido projeto. Para tanto, caracteriza-se como pesquisa qualitativa, utilizou o método de estudo de caso e os instrumentos de entrevistas com os participantes do projeto, observação das atividades desenvolvidas, e análise documental das distintas formas de publicações e produção de documentos do grupo condutor do projeto. As ações realizadas pelo Projeto foram: atividades de entretenimento; troca de experiência e diálogo com crianças e adolescentes filhos de pecuaristas de leite da região de atuação do IFRS Campus Sertão; publicações e interação nas mídias digitais e redes sociais com temas relacionados ao campo e a bovinocultura de leite; elaboração e divulgação de materiais didáticos sobre terneiras leiteiras. Destaca-se que, a partir destas atividades, o Projeto atingiu os objetivos propostos ao influenciar positivamente o comportamento participativo, a curiosidade e o envolvimento dos distintos públicos-alvo, gerando um movimento de valorização da agricultura e bovinocultura de leite. As crianças e adolescentes sentiram-se valorizadas pelas suas especificidades de serem do campo e filhas de pecuaristas de leite.
Palavras-chave: Crianças, Desenvolvimento Rural, Sucessão Geracional, Pecuária de Leite
Incentive to family succession in dairy farming: experience report
Abstract: Dairy cattle farming is considered a painful activity by farmers, due to the high workload, strict schedules, complexity of the activities, and constant income fluctuation. Consequently, it is one of the most challenging agricultural activities in family succession. The Extension Project "Who will take care of the ‘Mimosas’? Family Succession in Dairy Cattle" was developed to assist in the process of rural succession, stimulating children, adolescents and young people of Sertão municipality and surroundings, in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, to appreciate the rural lifestyle and the activity of dairy cattle farming. The present work aimed to rescue and to analyze the activities and results of this project. It was characterized as qualitative research, using the case study method and the instruments of interviews with the participants, observation of the developed activities and documentary analysis of the different forms of publications and production of documents of the group who has carried out the project. The actions carried out by the Project were: entertainment activities; exchange of experience and dialogue with children and adolescents of dairy farmers in the IFRS Campus Sertão region; publications and interaction in the digital media and social networks with themes related to the rural life and the dairy cattle farming; elaboration and dissemination of didactic material on dairy calves. It is noteworthy that, based on these activities, the Project achieved the proposed objectives by positively influencing the participatory behavior, curiosity and involvement of the different target audiences, generating the valorization of agriculture and dairy cattle farming. The children and adolescents felt valued for their specificities of being from the field and daughters of milk farmers.
Keywords: Children, Rural Development, Generational Succession, Dairy Farmer
Estímulo a la sucesión familiar en la ganadería de leche: relato de experiencia
Resumen: La ganadería de leche es una actividad considerada penosa por los agricultores, por la elevada carga de trabajo, horarios rigurosos, complejidad de las actividades y oscilaciones constantes en la remuneración. En consecuencia, es una de las actividades agropecuarias con mayor dificultad en la sucesión familiar. El Proyecto de Extensión "¿Quién va a cuidar de las ‘Mimosas’? Sucesión Familiar en la Bovinocultura de Leche" fue desarrollado con el objetivo de auxiliar en el proceso de sucesión rural, estimulando niños, adolescentes y jóvenes del municipio de Sertão y entorno, en el Estado de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, a gustar del campo y de la actividad de ganadería de leche. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo rescatar y analizar las actividades y resultados de dicho proyecto. Para ello, se caracteriza como investigación cualitativa, utilizó el método de estudio de caso y los instrumentos de entrevistas con los participantes del proyecto, observación de las actividades desarrolladas y análisis documental de las distintas formas de publicaciones y producción de documentos del grupo conductor del proyecto. Las acciones realizadas por el Proyecto fueron: actividades de entretenimiento; intercambio de experiencia y diálogo con niños y adolescentes hijos de ganaderos de leche de la región de actuación del IFRS Campus Sertão; publicaciones e interacción en los medios digitales y redes sociales con temas relacionados con el campo y la ganadería de leche; elaboración y divulgación de materiales didácticos sobre terneras lecheras. Se destaca que, a partir de estas actividades, el Proyecto alcanzó los objetivos propuestos al influenciar positivamente el comportamiento participativo, la curiosidad y el envolvimiento de los distintos públicos destinatarios, generando un movimiento de valorización de la agricultura y ganadería de leche. Los niños y adolescentes se sintieron valorados por sus especificidades de ser del campo e hijas de ganaderos de leche.
Palabras-clave: Niños, Desarrollo Rural, Sucesión Generacional, Ganadero de Leche
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Piccin, Marcos Botton. "FAMÍLIAS DA ELITE RURAL ESTANCIEIRA DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: MEIOS DE INTERAÇÃO SOCIAL E CULTURAL E ESTRATÉGIAS MATRIMONIAIS E SUCESSORAIS DE REPRODUÇÃO SOCIAL." Revista Pós Ciências Sociais 17, no. 33 (January 24, 2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2236-9473.v17n33p93-124.
Full textAbstract:
Este artigo analisa os principais meios de interação social e cultural e as estratégias matrimoniais e sucessorais de reprodução social da elite grande proprietária de terra criadora de gado extensivo no Rio Grande do Sul. Os meios de interação social e cultural, como clubes, associações culturais e esportivas são fundamentais para a reprodução de um habitus de elite e a constituição de estratégias matrimoniais marcadamente endogâmicas ao próprio grupo. A análise das estratégias sucessorais indica que o tamanho do patrimônio em terras herdado é diretamente dependente da taxa de fecundidade das famílias, assim como o patrimônio formado por ocasião do matrimônio é dependente da realização de um bom casamento. O foco da análise são duas gerações que nasceram no século XX, a primeira entre os anos de 1900 e 1930 e asegunda entre 1920 a 1960, em que seis linhagens de grandes proprietários são analisadas, perfazendo 99 matrimônios.Palavras-chave: Patronato rural. Elites. Estancieiros. Estratégiasmatrimoniais. Estratégias sucessorais. Reprodução social.FAMILIES FROM THE RURAL PATRONAGE ELITE IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL: MEANS OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INTERACTION, AND MARITAL AND SUCCESSION STRATEGIES OF SOCIAL REPRODUCTIONAbstractThis article analyzes the main means of social and cultural interaction and the marital and succession strategies of social reproduction of the elite which largely owns extensive-cattle-breeding land in Rio Grandedo Sul. The social and cultural means of interaction, such as clubs or cultural and sportive associations are fundamental for the reproduction of an elite habitus and the constitution of marital strategies markedlyendogamous to the group itself. The analysis of succession strategies indicates that the size of inherited land assets is directlydependent on the fertility rate of the families, as well as that the wealth formed on the occasion of the marriage is dependent on the accomplishment of a good marriage. The focus of the analysis are two generations that were born in the twentieth century, the first between the years of 1900 and 1930, and the second between 1920 to 1960, in which six lines of large proprietors are analyzed, making 99 marriages in total.Keywords: Rural patronage. Elites. Farmers. Marital strategies. Succession strategies. Social reproduction.