Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Analyze of stress'
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Magnani, Diego <1982>. "Use of behavioural patterns to analyze transport stress in piglets and young bulls. The influence of individual coping characteristics in stress response." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4638/.
Full textGoodman, Caitlin Elizabeth. "A Novel Method to Analyze DNA Breaks and Repair in Human Cells." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1525086265360859.
Full textHeaverlo, Nicholas D. "Stress and strain rate estimates associated with penetrative deformation of the Harkless quartzite aureole rocks, Papoose Flat Pluton, California/Using structure contour maps to analyze subsurface 3D fault geometry along segments of the Moine Thrust." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/48425.
Full textMaster of Science
Faiman, Jiří. "Tříválcový zážehový motor s excentrickým klikovým mechanismem pro osobní vozidla." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231763.
Full textIwasaki, Yoshitaka. "Leisure and stress-coping, reconceptualizations and analyses." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0005/NQ32832.pdf.
Full textLízalová, Martina. "Aplikace vybraných metod k analýze oxidačního stresu." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233302.
Full textRichard, Sylvie. "Analyse moléculaire de la réponse aux stress chez Picea glauca." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0002/NQ43108.pdf.
Full textBlickle, Wolfgang Carl Gustav. "Darstellung und Analyse besonderer Belastungseffekte bei Berufspendlern." [S.l. : s.n.], 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-55934.
Full textStromský, Ondřej. "Optimalizace geometrie výměníku pomocí CFD." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228337.
Full textMoustafa, Khaled. "Analyse des familles de gènes MAP-kinase d'Arabidopsis thaliana au cours de contraintes hydriques." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112165.
Full textMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signal transduction modules play crucial roles in plant growth and development as well as in biotic and abiotic stress responses. In the Arabidopsis thaliana genome, 20 MAPK (MPK) genes, 10 MAP2K (MKK) genes and a great number of MAP3K differing in primary structures and domain compositions are now classified. However, only limited information is available regarding the biological roles of the different members of these gene families. Here, the expression of the whole gene families of MPK and MKK, as well as selected key members of the MAP3K family was studied by macroarrays, in relation to organ specificity and to various water stresses. For MPK3, MPK4 and MPK6, the most studied MAPK so far, transcriptome responses were compared to protein and activity levels based on the use of specific antibodies for each kinase. Several genes of the MAP kinase families are induced at the transcript level by one or several abiotic stresses, including the highly expressed MPK3, MKK9 and MAP3K3. Inside the very scarcely studied MAPK group containing a TDY activation motif, several kinases were induced by osmotic or water stresses. For example MPK20 displays a clear increase of its transcript level in response to hypoosmolarity and to recovery conditions after hyperosmotic stress, whereas MPK17 and MPK18 are mostly induced by dehydration, hyperosmolarity and salinity. Finally, new components of the MAP kinase modules involved in water stress signalling are proposed by the present study
Houdelet, Camille. "Analyse de l'immunoprotéome de l'abeille en réponse à différents stress environnementaux." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALV009.
Full textThe loss of honeybee colonies could be explained by multiple stress factors (biotic or abiotic) that could act alone or in synergy to perturb the physiology of the domestic bees. The impact of these stressors on the bee health is widely discussed. In the miscrosporidiosis, an infection due to Nosema, the impact of this stressor on the systemic immune response (haemolymph being the mirror of this response) and the epithelial response (gut tissue as target) remains unsatisfactory documented. In the context of an infection by Nosema spp, the spore multiplication that is occurring at the level of the midgut stimulate the gut epithelial immune response. While at the same time, the stimulation of the systemic immune response remains an opened question. The aim of this thesis is to decipher the cross-talk existing between the host (A. mellifera) and the pathogen (Nosema spp.). We investigated the epithelial (gut tissues) and circulating bee immune response (haemolymph) using complementary mass spectrometry approaches (molecular mass fingerprints by MALDI BeeTyping®, untargeted proteomics and MALDI imaging) in a context of a controlled or natural infection by Nosema spores. We have demonstrated new molecular markers of bee health from hemolymph and bees early infected with Nosema from digestive tract. In addition, we have developed the MALDI Biotyping method on our microsporidia model to identify the species at a lower cost. These different elements constitute the development of new diagnostic and even prognostic tools to assist the beekeeper or the health services in their apiary monitoring
Li, Rufeng. "Nonlinear viscoelastic stress and fracture analyses of laminated composites /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9978.
Full textLadjouzi, Rabia. "Analyse des mécanismes de tolérance aux antibiotiques ciblant la paroi chez les entérocoques." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN2077.
Full textTolerance refers to the phenomenon that bacteria do not significantly die when exposed to bactericidal antibiotics. Enterococci, though most commonly regarded as members of the microbial flora of the intestinal tract, have recently emerged as human pathogens of significant concern. These bacteria are known for their high tolerance to bactericidal drugs but the molecular reasons why they resist killing are not understood. In this study, we focused our interest on the analysis of the pathogenic enterococci tolerance to cell wall active antibiotics. We demonstrated that tolerance of these organisms is directly correlated to the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. This was proved by the construction of deficient mutants affected in SOD activity. The investigation on the mechanisms implicated in antibiotic-induced cell death in ∆sodA mutants showed that the bactericidal action of penicillin or vancomycin depends on an active metabolism. Furthermore, we showed that the bactericidal action is greater in the presence of hexoses than in the presence of pentoses. Interestingly, the metabolism of glycerol which is linked to the lower part of glycolysis may abolish the lethal action of the antibiotic. Therefore, we concluded that the bactericidal action of these antibiotics is linked to the upper part of glycolysis. In this work, we have also highlighted the involvement of arginine catabolism in tolerance to vancomycin. Finally, the results reported in this study allow a better understanding of the extraordinary tolerance in enterococci
Bordier, Célia. "Le stress chez l’abeille domestique (Apis mellifera) : analyse des modifications physiologiques et comportementales." Thesis, Avignon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AVIG0687/document.
Full textHoneybees (Apis mellifera), which play an important role in natural and agronomic ecosystems, are exposed to a growing number of environmental pressures(new parasites, pesticides, climatechangeand poor nutrition). In this context, deciphering the mechanisms underlying stress responses and their costs becomes crucial to better understand theim pact of these pressures. Stress usually represents a challenge to the homeostasis of a norganism. In response, a cascade of physiological and behavioural adaptations enables the organism to cope with the stress. However, dueto their sociallife style, we could suggest that stress response in honeybees will occurin the interest of the colony and not only in the interest of the individual. To characterise the stress response and determine its specificity according to the stimulus (xenobiotic, immune, thermal, social), I developed a multidisciplinary approach to identify changes in i) task-related physiology, ii) energetic metabolism, and iii) behaviour. I demonstrated that, regardless of their social function (nurse, guard, forager), bees respond in the sameway to a given stress, if itis ecologically-relevant (heat and immune stress but not pesticides). Atendencytoward decreas ingenergetic resources was also observed following stress exposure, which suggests changes in behavioural performance.In order to test this hypothesis, I analysed changes in foraging activity in response to stress, as insect flight is one of the most costly physiological processes in the animal kingdom. I found that for aging performances were affected by animmune stress : bees changed their foraging preferences at the expense of pollen, probably to reduce the stress energetic cost, given that pollen is more costly to collect and provides alower energetic return than nectar. In contrast, in response to heat stress, an increase in colony for aging activity was observed, without an additional cost on resource collection. These results are discussed in the light of stress energetic cost and its potential consequences onhoneybee performances, which could disrupt the colony’s energetic homeostasis
Iharinjaka, Randriamboavonjy Joseph. "Analyse des effets cardiovasculaires de la graine de la plante Moringa oleifera (MORINGACEAE) choisie sur critères ethnopharmacologiques." Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NANT2077.
Full textThis study evaluated the cardiovascular effect of Moringa oleifera seeds (MOI) (MORINGACEAE) on spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and aged Wistar rats. At the dose of 750 mg/animal/day for 8 weeks, MOI reduces significantly the nocturnal heart beat, the left ventricle cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis and ameliorates diastolic cardiac function in treated rats. This is due to decreased calmodulin and calcineurin expressions and increased expression and activation of PPARα and β/δ in the myocardium of SHR treated rats via increased plasmatic porstacyclin. MOI long-term administration decreases nitro-oxidative stress and vascular inflammation by reducing anion superoxide, protein nitration formation, 8-isoprostanes and C - reactive protein levels. The mechanisms implicated were the aortic decrease of p22phox and p47phox while SOD2 expression was increased. Moreover, MOI attenuates NF-κB and iNOS expressions. In Wistar aged rats MOI improves carbachol-dependent relaxation both in aorta and in mesenteric artery. In aorta this is due to the caveolin-1 inhibition, increased activation of Akt pathway, involved in eNOS activation, and the improvement of L-arginine bioavailability by Arginase I down-regulation. In contrast, in mesenteric arteries the endothelial function was ameliorated by a mechanism involving the EDHF. Furthermore, MOI completely reversed the hyporeactivity to PHE in aged rats by the modulation of prostanoid production by COXs. All together these results suggest a cardiovascular protective role of MOI that justify its use in traditional medicine in Madagascar
Kaushal, Parvinder. "Analyse écophysiologique des effets de stress liés aux transplantations des arbres forestiers." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37606535v.
Full textMopin, Clemence. "Stabilité du développement et stress environnemental : analyse morphométrique du fémur de l’homme." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0068.
Full textAmong the approaches used to characterize the health status in past populations, the use of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) to evaluate developmental stability (DS) in bone is rare. After more than half a century of research, DS remains relatively unknown in humans. Today, geometric morphometrics techniques offer new perspectives. It is now possible to quantify variations more precisely and approach them by analyzing a new morphological element: shape.The aim of this work was twofold:1-Determine whether the geometric morphometrics analysis of FA in humans can distinguish two populations.2-Determine whether this distinction can be attributed to a difference in health status.The data of two populations of known and distinct health statuses and environmental contexts were compared. Two samples of 70 pairs of adult femurs of comparable age and sex were selected. Two sets of 27 landmarks were placed on the 3D isosurfaces of each femur. FA was analyzed and characterized in terms of range of magnitude and pattern of expression in the femur.Finally, this geometric morphometrics analysis allowed to distinguish two populations that have developed under distinct environmental conditions. The population that experienced higher levels of stress expressed a higher degree of FA. After considering the impact of potential factors of variation, the health stress seems to best explain disturbances of DS. However, given its pattern of expression on the femur, the biomechanical factor seems to play also a relative role. Therefore, in humans, the pattern of expression of FA is directed in part by biomechanical constraints but its magnitude remains mostly influenced by health stress
Kaushal, Parvinder. "Analyse écophysiologique des effets de stress liés aux transplantations des arbres forestiers." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10299.
Full textAyotte, Jocelyne. "Analyse fonctionnelle de promoteurs dans un contexte de stress chez le peuplier." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4873.
Full textTan, Zhijia, and 谭志佳. "Molecular analyses of chondrocyte differentiation and adaptation to ER stress." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/209435.
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Biochemistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
Mbeledogu, I. U. "Stress and failure analyses of brittle bodies under compressive loads." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374558.
Full textSivathasan, Kathiravetpillai (Siva). "Dynamic site response analyses using effective stress based numerical procedure /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Full textVuppala, Archana. "Thermal and thermal stress analyses of the state-changing tooling." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1460787.
Full textMagnan, Fabienne. "Analyse fonctionnelle d'une protéine de type calmoduline d'Arabidopsis thaliana (AtCML9) : rôle dans les réponses des plantes aux contraintes de l'environnement." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30041.
Full textRycyna, Caroline C. "Factor Analyses of the Parenting Stress Survey Using a Clinical Sample and its Clinical Implications." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1354212948.
Full textTriboulet, Sarah. "Etude des effets de deux types de nanoparticules métalliques sur des macrophages murins par une approche protéomique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENV021/document.
Full textMetallic nanoparticles (NPs) are more and more widely used, from industrial processes to biomedical research.However, data on their potential toxicity towards organisms are still lacking, especially regarding molecularmechanisms. It has been proven that some inorganic particles can lead to diseases when tissues are chronicallyexposed. In the case of pulmonary silicosis and asbestosis, induced by silica particles and asbestos fibers, chronicinflammation through alveolar macrophages is responsible for the disease. Indeed, macrophages are the firstdefense against exogenous attacks, like pathogens or inorganic compounds, which are eliminated throughphagocytosis and inflammatory processes that are part of the innate immune response. Thus, this study aimedat analyzing the molecular effects of both copper- and zinc-based NPs (Cu/CuO and ZnO) on murinemacrophages cell lines. To this end, a reproducible proteomic-based approach using 2D electrophoresis andmass spectrometry was used. The proteomic data were validated using targeted approaches on both cell linesand primary macrophages. Our results show that both NPs exert similar high cytotoxicity, but the molecularresponses are markedly different. Copper-based NPs strongly induce oxidative stress as well as alterations inmitochondrial metabolism, phagocytosis, and inflammatory mediators’ production. These effects seem to bemostly related to the redox properties of copper, and are specific to the NP form. Conversely, zinc inducedlimited effects on the same processes, thus leading to no significant alterations in macrophages’ immunefunctions. These effects are not NP-specific, since Zn2+ ions seem to exert most of them, probably due to theirability to interact with numbers of proteins, slightly altering their normal functions, and eventually leading onlyto cell death without prior functional alterations. This study allowed us to highlight some molecular mechanismsof both NP’s toxicity
Hahn, Anke. "Einordnung des Reproduktionsstatus durch endokrine Analyse bei verschiedenen männlichen Papageienspezies (Psittaciformes)." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-61554.
Full textAnnandale, Robert William. "Thermal and structural analyses of large space antenna reflectors." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1986. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843716/.
Full textDunbar, Martin. "The well-being of dementia caregivers : a series of meta-analyses with empirical confirmation." Thesis, Open University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282278.
Full textPaitry, Pierrick. "Analyse de la lignée neuronale hippocampique HT22 exposée aux ions métalliques." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES3202.
Full textThe neurodegenerative diseases are complex diseases which majority of cases are sporadic and suggest multifactorial etiology. Epidemiologic studies have shown that some metals are potential risk factors. This work presents two main objectives: - to measure the cellular uptake and accumulation of metals - to assess their effects on reactive oxygen species production and on transcript level of genes of interest. All metals used in the study enter in HT22 cells except aluminiun and cadmium which seem not detectable with the probes employed here. Spectrometric measurements indicate that metals accumulation globally increases with time and concentration exposure. Most important metals for the organism (iron, zinc, copper, manganese) accumulate more than less common (cobalt, nickel) and non-essential metals (aluminium, lead, cadmium). Co-exposure experiments show that manganese inhibits iron and copper accumulation, indicating a common pathway for these metal ions. Moreover, among all metals tested, only the manganese induces an increase of the level of reactive oxygen species. Using these concentrations, particularly manganese induces an increase in transcript level of many genes, including genes of metal homeostasis, especially those of iron genes regulating the oxydative stress, and the gene coding the amyloïdal precursor protein. These results corroborate other studies showing a link between manganese and the development of some neurodegenerative diseases
Dugué, Benoît 1963. "Étude de facteurs préanalytiques in vivo : influence du stress psychologique sur les concentrations de divers composes sanguins et sur un marqueur protéique intestinal (le récepteur du complexe facteur intrinsèque-cobalamine)." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN19421.
Full textRucký, Jakub. "Fytotoxicita vybraných naftochinonů na vybraném rostlinném modelu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220020.
Full textTouzy, Gaëtan. "Analyse génétique et écophysiologique de la tolérance à la sècheresse et au stress thermique chez le blé tendre (T. Aestivum L.)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC011.
Full textIn a context of climate change, the characterization of wheat varieties in response to drought and heat stress events is one of the major challenges of agriculture. This PhD thesis, resulting from a private-public partnership between Arvalis ‘Institut du Végétal’, Biogemma and INRA (“Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique”), aimed at providing necessary knowledge and tools to identify drought or heat-tolerant varieties and breed for varieties that meet these requirements. Analyses were conducted using a panel of 220 commercial varieties, genotyped with 280K SNP and tested in 35 environments (combination of year, location and water regime) and an experiment under controlled conditions where heat stress was applied during grain filling. The complexity of the study of drought and heat tolerance led us to present this thesis by first separating hydric and thermal stresses, and then to explore a multi-stress analysis method. Even if breeding has improved the performance of varieties under optimal water conditions, we showed that genetic progress must be accelerated and better distributed according to different stress scenarios. We propose several genetic determinants that could allow genetic gain in stressful environments. Our results and methods are discussed in view of the needs for varietal recommendation and improvement. Additional research strategies and methods improvements were also suggested
Shin, Sauyeun. "Classification du cancer du pancréas via une analyse du traductome." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30121.
Full textPancreatic cancer, also known as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is the 4th cause of cancer related death in industrialized countries. The absence of specific clinical symptoms of this disease leads to a late diagnosis, mostly at a metastatic stage. Moreover, the current classification of PDA patients does not allow personalized patient management, which may explain the lack of efficient treatment, resulting in a poor treatment response rate and a 5-year survival rate not exceeding 7%. The important genomic heterogeneity between tumors and the high abundance of the stroma hinder the analysis of the pancreatic carcinogenesis process, and make particularly complex the targeting of a specific pathway. Different classifications of PDA tumors based on mutational landscape and genome wide transcriptomic analysis emerged principally two subtypes "basal-like" and "classical", correlating with patient overall survival but not to a particular sensitivity to a molecule class. Nonetheless, several research groups including ours, demonstrated the presence of a high deregulation in mRNA translation mechanisms in PDA, showing that the abundance of mRNA and the level of the associated protein do not always correlate. My work allowed the identification of a tumor subgroup with a particular translational signature, undetectable at the transcriptional level, through the translatome analysis of 28 pancreatic patient-derived xenografts (PDX) by unsupervised bioinformatics approaches. The Integrated Stress Response (ISR) pathway is constituvely activated in these tumors, in association with a global protein synthesis attenuation. This particularity seems to contribute in increasing resistance to stress, including ISR-activating chemotherapies, and could be explained by an increased resistance to apoptosis in these cancer cells. Nonetheless, the characterization of this subtype revealed an important dependency on a specific amino acid metabolism. As a consequence, targeting this metabolic pathway might be an interesting therapeutic approach for these pancreatic tumors
Moulineau, Claire. "Le stress hydrique chez le mil (Pennisetum glaucum (L. ) R. Br. ) : caractérisation et recherche de marqueur moléculaire." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20065.
Full textOzsoy, Serhan. "Vibration Induced Stress And Accelerated Life Analyses Of An Aerospace Structure." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606966/index.pdf.
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s dynamic characteristics and varying loadings. Therefore, experimental, numerical or a combination of both methods are used for fatigue evaluations. Fatigue failure can occur on systems and platforms as well as components to be mounted on the platform. In this thesis, a helicopter&
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s Missile Warning Sensor - Cowling assembly is analyzed. Analytical, numerical and experimental approaches are used wherever necessary to perform stress and fatigue analyses. Operational flight tests are used for obtaining the loading history at the analyzed location by using sensors. Operational vibration profiles are created by synthesizing the data (LMS Mission Synthesis). Numerical fatigue analysis of the assembly is done for determining the natural modes and the critical locations on the assembly by using a finite element model (MSC Fatigue). In addition, numerical multiaxial PSD analysis is performed for relating the experimental results (Ansys). Residual stresses due to riveting are determined (MSC Marc) and included in experimental analysis as mean stresses. Bolt analysis is performed analytically (Hexagon) for keeping the v assembly stresses in safe levels while mounting the experimental prototype to the test fixture. Fatigue tests for determining the accelerated life parameters are done by an electromagnetic shaker and stress data is collected. Afterwards, fatigue test is performed for determining whether the assembly satisfies the required operational life. Resonance test is performed at the frequency in which the critical location is at resonance, since there was no failure observed after fatigue testing. A failure is obtained during resonance test. At the end of the study, an analytical equation is brought up which relates accelerated life test durations with equivalent alternating stresses. Therefore, optimization of the accelerated life test duration can be done, especially in military applications, by avoiding the maximum stress level to reach or exceed the yield limit.
Hansson, Tobias, and Kristoffer Skogsberg. "Comparison of stress behaviour in thermal barrier coatings using FE analyses." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-4285.
Full textTEIXEIRA, MARCELO SAMPAIO DE SIMONE. "THERMO-MECHANICAL STRESS ANALYSES IN WELLBORE CONSIDERING ANALYTICAL AND NUMERICAL APPROACHES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=32377@1.
Full textCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
A análise das tensões em poços de petróleo é de extrema importância para a prevenção de acidentes durante as fases de construção e produção. As simulações devem aproximar-se ao máximo da realidade, representando da melhor forma as operações ao longo da vida útil do poço e, consequentemente, aumentando sua confiabilidade. Com esse objetivo, uma solução analítica é desenvolvida utilizando uma metodologia que simula a vida útil do poço. Nessa metodologia, consideram-se os efeitos das variações de temperatura em todo modelo e de poropressão na formação. Além disso, adotam-se os materiais em regime elástico, utilizando a hipótese de poço perfeitamente circular, vertical e com cargas uniformes. A solução analítica é calculada a partir das equações de Bradley para a perfuração, e de Lamé para as fases de descida do revestimento, cimento endurecido e produção. Nessa solução é feita uma compatibilidade de deslocamentos radiais entre as superfícies em contato, possibilitando o cálculo dos incrementos de tensão ao final de cada fase. Essa mesma metodologia é utilizada na modelagem por elementos finitos. A partir de dois estudos de caso, os resultados obtidos através das abordagens numérica e analítica são comparados. O primeiro estudo de caso representa um poço no Mar do Norte, e o segundo, um poço em um campo na Bacia de Santos, Brasil. Nos dois estudos de caso, são apresentadas as tensões radiais e tangenciais ao longo do revestimento, do cimento e da rocha, e também os índices de plastificação para o revestimento e para o cimento. No segundo estudo de caso, duas profundidades são avaliadas: no reservatório, considerando um revestimento, e em uma camada mais rasa, com dois revestimentos. Em ambos os estudos de caso, os resultados encontrados pela solução analítica são iguais aos obtidos pela solução numérica, validando, portanto, a solução analítica apresentada como uma alternativa para avaliação de tensões em condições ideais.
The assessment of the wellbore stress state is extremely important in order to prevent accidents during construction and production phases. The methodology used in the models must be closer to reality, representing the wellbore lifespan operations, and consequently, enhancing the reliability of the wellbore. Thus, an analytical solution is developed using a methodology capable of simulating some of the main steps of the wellbore operations. In this methodology, the temperature and the pore pressure variations are considered. Besides that, it is used the assumption of circular and vertical wellbore under uniform loads, considering the elastic behavior of the materials. The analytical solution is developed using Bradley equation during the drilling step and Lamé equation during the construction and production steps. Therefore, the stresses after each step are calculated using the radial displacement compatibility between the surfaces in contact. This same methodology is used in the finite element model. Based on two case studies, the results obtained by the analytical and numerical solutions are compared. The first case study represents a wellbore in the North Sea while the second, a wellbore in a field in Santos Basin, Brazil. In both case studies, the radial and tangential stresses are presented for the casings, the cements and the formation, as well as the yield index in the casings and the cements. In the second case study, two depths are assessed: in the reservoir, considering one casing, and in a shallow depth, with two casings. In these two case studies, the results from the analytical and the numerical solutions are equal. Therefore, the analytical solution is validated as an alternative to assess the stresses in ideal wellbores.
Mendez-Ferrer, Natasha. "Photic Stress in Symbiont-Bearing Reef Organisms: Analyses of Photosynthetic Performance." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6322.
Full textTsukiyama, Takuji. "Analyses of stress-defense mechanisms with PR-3 chitinases and stress-induced genetic variability in rice (Oryza sativa L.)." Kyoto University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/120497.
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新制・論文博士
博士(農学)
乙第12465号
論農博第2733号
新制||農||983(附属図書館)
学位論文||H22||N4454(農学部図書室)
28075
京都大学大学院農学研究科農学専攻
(主査)教授 谷坂 隆俊, 教授 井上 國世, 教授 松村 康生
学位規則第4条第2項該当
Schwab, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Motivation und Stress: die Analyse von Stress mit einem speichelbasierten Biomarker in einer motivationalen Fit-Situation unter Berücksichtigung von Leistungsparametern / Sebastian Schwab." Köln : Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1070864234/34.
Full textDrieschmanns, Hans-Rainer. "Analyse der Signal- und Aktivierungswege bei oxidativem Stress sowie anti-oxidative Intervention über extrakorporale Blutbehandlungsverfahren /." Düsseldorf : VDI-Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/989106373/04.
Full textLévy, Elise. "Maladies neurodégénératives et stress oxydant." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASB028.
Full textAlzheimer's disease and prion diseases are incurable neurodegenerative diseases associated with the transconformation of a polypeptide: the Aß peptide and the prion protein (PrP) respectively. These misfolded polypeptides then form different aggregates in the brain, leading to neuronal death. In a healthy individual, PrP has a neuroprotective function, but in patients suffering from Alzheimer or prion diseases, the toxicity of some pathological aggregates is mediated by this protein. Moreover, both pathologies are associated with an early chronic oxidative stress, that is toxic. It can promote and be promoted by protein aggregation, without the aggregates involved in this vicious circle being precisely identified.To study oxidative stress in these diseases, I developed innovative cellular models to monitor oxidation markers in real time, and bioinformatic tools to analyze the results. My work shows that the unique expression of the healthy form of Aß or PrP protects cells from an exogenous oxidant. However, the addition to the culture medium of the same cells of recombinant Aß and PrP promotes the appearance of oxidative stress, only for cells expressing normal PrP. This effect is visible for A in the form of amyloid fibrils, and for PrP in the form of monomer, oligomers and potentially amyloid fibrils. This work thus validates the central role of normal PrP in physiology and pathology. My results could suggest a role of glutathione peroxidases in mediating the protective effect of normal PrP, and an activation of NADPH oxidases via PrP in the presence of pathological aggregates
Bashandy, Talaat. "Analyse d'un double mutant de thiorédoxine réductase d'Arabidopsis thaliana : étude de la redondance fonctionnelle des régulations dithiol disulfure." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP1004.
Full textIntracellular redox status is a critical parameter determining plant development in response to biotic and abiotic stress. Thioredoxin (TRX) and glutathione are key regulation pathways of thiols redox homeostasis. The main goal of my PhD is to study the interplay between these two redox pathways. NAD(P)H-dependent thioredoxin reductases (NTR) are the reducers of cytosolic and mitochondrial TRX. In contrast to mammals, the inactivation of both NTR (ntra ntrb) in Arabidopsis do not lead to lethality. Ntra ntrb plants are fertile and only show a limited growth phenotype. We performed a transcriptomic analysis of the ntra ntrb mutant. Interestingly, we observed an overexpression of several genes implicated in the flavonoids biosynthesis leading to overaccumulation of flavonoids in the mutant and protecting the ntra ntrb mutant plants against UV radiations (Bashandy et al, Mol. Plant 2009). The GSH pathway was shown to play a major role in compensating the inactivation of NTR (Reichheld et al, 2007). To confirm genetically the role of GSH in absence of NTR we associated the ntra ntrb and the glutathione biosynthesis mutant cadmiumsensitive2 (cad2). Cad2 is a weak allele of the glutathione biosynthesis enzyme GSH1 gene, having a 30% glutathione content and being aphenotypic under normal growth conditions. We found that these two thiol reduction pathways interfere with developmental processes through modulation of auxin signaling. The triple ntra ntrb cad2 mutant develops almost normally at the rosette stage but failed to generate lateral organs from the inflorescence meristem, producing almost naked stems that were reminiscent of several mutants affected in polar auxin transport (PAT) or biosynthesis. The triple mutant exhibited other defects in processes regulated by auxin, including a loss of apical dominance, vasculature defects, and reduced secondary root production. Furthermore it has lower auxin (IAA) levels and decreased capacity for PAT, suggesting that the NTR and glutathione pathways alter both auxin transport and metabolism. Thus, our data provide a mechanism to fine-tune plant development in response to environmental constraints (Bashandy et al, Plant Cell 2010)
Deleplanque, Brigitte. "Neuroimmunomodulation : analyse critique des modèles expérimentaux." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR28386.
Full textEchard, Benjamin. "Assessment by kriging of the reliability of structures subjected to fatigue stress." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF22269/document.
Full textTraditional procedures for designing structures against fatigue are grounded upon the use of so-called safety factors in an attempt to ensure structural integrity while masking the uncertainties inherent to fatigue. These engineering methods are simple to use and fortunately, they give satisfactory solutions with regard to safety. However, they do not provide the designer with the structure’s safety margin as well as the influence of each design parameter on reliability. Probabilistic approaches are considered in this thesis in order to acquire this information, which is essential for an optimal design against fatigue. A general approach for probabilistic analysis in fatigue is proposed in this manuscript. It relies on the modelling of the uncertainties (load, material properties, geometry, and fatigue curve), and aims at assessing the reliability level of the studied structure in the case of a fatigue failure scenario. Classical reliability methods require a large number of calls to the mechanical model of the structure and are thus not applicable when the model evaluation is time-demanding. A family of methods named AK-RM (Active learning and Kriging-based Reliability methods) is proposed in this research work in order to solve the reliability problem with a minimum number of mechanical model evaluations. The general approach is applied to two case studies submitted by SNECMA in the frame of the ANR project APPRoFi
Domain, Francis. "Rôles des ferrédoxines de Synechocystis : mise en évidence et analyse de l'interaction : ferrédoxine VII-glutaredoxine II." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112088.
Full textBacteria to the human being, ferredoxins (fed), proteins with iron-sulphur centre, are essential for the poorly known mechanism of transfer of electrons to the cellular redox metabolism, which we analyze in model cyanobacteria Synechocystis. This bacteria presents the following assets: - A small sequenced genome easy to manipulate - 9 genes fed which belong to almost totality of the classification based on the nature of their iron-sulfur centre - Two redox metabolisms generating of oxidative stress (breathing and photosynthesis) in the same compartment Thanks to gene deletions and phenotypical corresponding mutant's analysis, I showed that 4 ferredoxins are essential in cellular viability and that FedVII (not essential) intervenes in the tolerance of oxidative stress and heavy metals. Thanks to the double-hybrid system, I showed that FedVII interacts with 2 key proteins of the metabolism redox: Ferredoxin Thioredoxin Reductase and a glutaredoxin. It is the first time that an interaction Fed-Grx is disclosed. The directed mutagenesis made me identify, in each protein partner, the essential amino acids for these interactions. The corresponding specific mutations (interactions' loss) were introduced in Synechocystis. They reproduce partly the deletion of FedVII and these partners (FtrC and Grx2). In another part of my thesis, I analyzed the role of the lexA gene in cyanobacteria. By a transcriptomic approach, we showed that contrary to E. Coli, lexA does not control genes of the "S. O. S" (DNA repair). On the other hand, LexA is essential for the tolerance in the deficiency of carbon (Domain et al. , 2004)
Gabriel, Bruno. "Electroperméabilisation de cellules de mammifères. Analyse des réponses cellulaires, en particulier du stress oxydatif." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30227.
Full textFares, Abasse. "Analyse de la S-nitrosylation des protéines chez Arabidopsis thaliana en situations de stress." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20050/document.
Full textIn plants, nitric oxide (NO) is involved in many biological processes such as germination or roots development and in responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Thereby, in iron stress situations, NO production is the earliest signaling pathway event leading to ferritins induction. NO targets remain largely unknown but it is now stated that cysteine S-nitrosylation in proteins is the main NO consequence. The present work aims at identifying NO target proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana in the context of two abiotic stresses. For this purpose, a posttranslational proteomics approach based on the classical “Biotin-Switch” method (BS) was favored to identify nitrosylated proteins. Moreover, in order to estimate changes in nitrosylation and analyze physiological responses, a quantitative dimension combining the BS and a differential isotope based labeling of thiol with the ICAT reagents (Isotope Coded Affinity Tag) was introduced. This method named BS-ICAT allowed us to characterize quantitative variations of S-nitrosylation during an iron and a salt stress. Beside the identification of potential NO targets, our results highlighted limitations of BS method through incomplete free thiol blockage, the key initial step in BS, leading to false positive identifications. Simultaneously, new control have been introduced to test the specificity of the labeling. The combination of BS and ICAT is one the first attempt to quantitatively characterize the NO response at a large scale. This quantitative analysis results in one of the first repertoire of S-nitrosylation sites in plant proteins under abiotic stress and highly suggests a careful use of BS under strict control conditions. Moreover this analysis re-enforces the emerging need for alternative methods where the labeling molecules react directly with the nitrosothiols
Karlsson, Hanna. "Static and Fatigue Analyses of Welded Joints in Thin-Walled Tubes." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-16779.
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