Academic literature on the topic 'Anapanasati Sutra'

187 Background: Total relaxation (TR), a mindfulness-based intervention based on the Buddha’s teaching of Sutra on Full Awareness of Breathing (Anapanasati Sutta) and Sutra on the Four Establishments of Mindfulness (Satipatthana Sutta). This study was aimed (1) to explore benefits of TR perceived by laypersons and (2) to share experience in piloting the intervention in cancer patients. Methods: Laypersons who attended the 5 - day retreat program with daily TR sessions at Khao Yai, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand during October 22-26, 2014 responded to the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) before and after the TR session on the first day (TR1 Before, TR1 After) and after the fourth TR session (TR4 After). ESAS was responded by cancer patients who visited Horizon Cancer Center, Bumrungrad International Hospital before and after their participation in a 45 minute TR group session. Paired t-test was used to evaluate the before-after difference in score of each matched variables. Results: Of 162 laypersons, 90.74% responded. They reported a significant improvement of all ESAS items (p < 0.001). Ten cancer patients (6 breast, 2 colon, and 1 stomach cancers and 1 lymphoma) who participated in the TR group session also saw the improvement of all ESAS items, with the mean differences ranging from 0.36 (feeling depressed) to 3.09 points (fatigue/tiredness). No adverse events were observed. Conclusions: Total relaxation is a Buddhist mindfulness-based technique that can improve undesirable symptoms of layperson and cancer patients.

Depression let’s talk- WHO is leading a one-year global campaign on depression. Depression comes under psychiatric disorders. According to WHO healthy person definition is health is complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Vipassana meditation technique is very useful for balancing of mind. Ānāpānasati breathing technique is first step of Vipassana. Ānāpānasati, the meditation is in-and-out breathing, is the first subject of meditation expounded by the Lord Buddha in the Maha Satipatthana Sutta, the Great Discourse on the Foundations of Mindfulness. Ānāpānasati is a natural object of Samadhi in which a person’s observes his/her breathing as it is for the concentration of mind. This mental aspect is addressed effectively using Ānāpānasati. Moral education and Ānāpānasati are the foundation of Vipassana meditation technique. As per Maharashtra government rule (G.R) 2012 Ānāpānasati meditation practice should be conducted in every school. This path of sīla, samādhi, paññā, and nibbāna (morality, concentration, wisdom, and liberation) is absolutely universal, and acceptable to all nationalities. Meditation has been beneficial to large number of adults, while researchers have not focused on studying the impact of meditation on children or adolescents.
 Objectives-
 Literature review of Ānāpānasati (mindfulness of breathing) first step of vipassana meditation.
 Methods
 The available Classical Pālī literature Buddhist Literature Vimuttimagga and Visuddhi Magga, Concepts of meditation in Āyuvedic literature. Modern research papers regarding Ānāpānasati Literature are reviewed.
 Conclusions
 Experimental studies using Ānāpānasati meditation was very much needed for further studies in adolescents.
 Key words: Ānāpānasati, meditation, Vipassana, Depression, Vimuttimagga, Mind, Breathing technique.