Academic literature on the topic 'Anaphora (Linguistics)'

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Journal articles on the topic "Anaphora (Linguistics)"

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Cornish, Francis. "‘Antecedentless’ anaphors: deixis, anaphora, or what? Some evidence from English and French." Journal of Linguistics 32, no. 1 (March 1996): 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226700000748.

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Taking a cognitive perspective, and concentrating on instances of exophora (or so-called ‘antecedentless’ anaphora), where by definition there is no co-occurring expression in terms of which a given anaphor might be interpreted (i.e. a potential ‘antecedent’), I aim to show, firstly, that so-called exophora falls within the category of anaphora proper and not deixis; secondly, that it is in terms of a conceptual representation of the situation being evoked, and not in terms of the physical situation itself, that the anaphor is interpreted; and finally, that exophora is in reality a more central manifestation of anaphora than the ‘endophoric’ type, where the ‘antecedent’ expression co-occurs with the anaphor.I will base the discussion on naturally occurring data from French and English, and will consider the contributions of gender- and number-marking within pronominal anaphors, as well as of such features of the anaphoric segment as the argument and referent-order statuses assigned to an anaphor by the governing predicator and its modifiers, and the stress and pitch characteristics of the anaphor. All these features play an important role in the assignment of a full interpretation to so-called ‘endophoric’ anaphors just as much as ‘exophoric’ ones, thereby weakening the theoretical basis for the distinction between the two types.
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Cornish, Francis. "Anaphora: Text-based or discourse-dependent?" Functions of Language 17, no. 2 (December 2, 2010): 207–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.17.2.03cor.

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The traditional definition of anaphora in purely co-textual terms as a relation between two co-occurring expressions is in wide currency in theoretical and descriptive studies of the phenomenon. Indeed, it is currently adopted in on-line psycholinguistic experiments on the interpretation of anaphors, and is the basis for all computational approaches to automatic anaphor resolution (see Mitkov 2002). Under this conception, the anaphor, a referentially-dependent expression type, requires “saturation” by an appropriate referentially-autonomous, lexically-based expression — the antecedent — in order to achieve full sense and reference. However, this definition needs to be re-examined in the light of the ways in which real texts operate and are understood, where the resulting picture is rather different. The article aims to show that the co-textual conception is misconceived, and that anaphora is essentially an integrative, discourse-creating procedure involving a three-way relationship between an “antecedent trigger”, an anaphoric predication, and a salient discourse representation. It is shown that it is only in terms of a dynamic interaction amongst the interdependent dimensions of text and discourse, as well as context, that the true complexity of anaphoric reference may be satisfactorily described. The article is intended as a contribution to the broader debate within the pages of this journal and elsewhere between the formalist and the functionalist accounts of language structure and use.
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Zulaica Hernández, Iker. "Resolving abstract anaphors in Spanish discourse: Underspecification and mereological structures." Linguistics 56, no. 3 (June 26, 2018): 681–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2018-0008.

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Abstract Anaphoric underspecification involves multiple potential candidate antecedents for an anaphoric expression. In abstract object anaphora, where linguistic antecedents are clauses, sentences and larger fragments of discourse, the source of referential underspecification is commonly found at the propositional level. Thus, underspecified abstract anaphors have multiple antecedents of a higher-order nature (i.e., propositions and events). Following previous research on anaphoric underspecification with nominal antecedents, I propose a hypothetical three-step process toward the resolution of underspecified abstract object anaphors by hearers in discourse: (i) creation of a complex abstract object with a mereological structure that includes all potential interpretations for an anaphor, (ii) recognition of the thematic connection among propositions intended by the speaker in the form of a specific rhetorical relation, and 3) resolution of the abstract anaphor. Potential antecedents for any underspecified abstract anaphor may include atomic propositions and complex abstract referents that result from a merged interpretation of several propositions that are thematically connected. Provided that it is available, I claim that such a merged interpretation, which is part of the mereological structure, is the preferred interpretation as it is generally interpreted as part of a general purpose by the speaker, in addition to contributing to the thematic coherence of discourse.
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Kolhatkar, Varada, Adam Roussel, Stefanie Dipper, and Heike Zinsmeister. "Anaphora With Non-nominal Antecedents in Computational Linguistics: a Survey." Computational Linguistics 44, no. 3 (September 2018): 547–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00327.

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This article provides an extensive overview of the literature related to the phenomenon of non-nominal-antecedent anaphora (also known as abstract anaphora or discourse deixis), a type of anaphora in which an anaphor like “that” refers to an antecedent (marked in boldface) that is syntactically non-nominal, such as the first sentence in “It’s way too hot here. That’s why I’m moving to Alaska.” Annotating and automatically resolving these cases of anaphora is interesting in its own right because of the complexities involved in identifying non-nominal antecedents, which typically represent abstract objects such as events, facts, and propositions. There is also practical value in the resolution of non-nominal-antecedent anaphora, as this would help computational systems in machine translation, summarization, and question answering, as well as, conceivably, any other task dependent on some measure of text understanding. Most of the existing approaches to anaphora annotation and resolution focus on nominal-antecedent anaphora, classifying many of the cases where the antecedents are syntactically non-nominal as non-anaphoric. There has been some work done on this topic, but it remains scattered and difficult to collect and assess. With this article, we hope to bring together and synthesize work done in disparate contexts up to now in order to identify fundamental problems and draw conclusions from an overarching perspective. Having a good picture of the current state of the art in this field can help researchers direct their efforts to where they are most necessary. Because of the great variety of theoretical approaches that have been brought to bear on the problem, there is an equally diverse array of terminologies that are used to describe it, so we will provide an overview and discussion of these terminologies. We also describe the linguistic properties of non-nominal-antecedent anaphora, examine previous annotation efforts that have addressed this topic, and present the computational approaches that aim at resolving non-nominal-antecedent anaphora automatically. We close with a review of the remaining open questions in this area and some of our recommendations for future research.
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Hou, Yufang, Katja Markert, and Michael Strube. "Unrestricted Bridging Resolution." Computational Linguistics 44, no. 2 (June 2018): 237–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00315.

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In contrast to identity anaphors, which indicate coreference between a noun phrase and its antecedent, bridging anaphors link to their antecedent(s) via lexico-semantic, frame, or encyclopedic relations. Bridging resolution involves recognizing bridging anaphors and finding links to antecedents. In contrast to most prior work, we tackle both problems. Our work also follows a more wide-ranging definition of bridging than most previous work and does not impose any restrictions on the type of bridging anaphora or relations between anaphor and antecedent. We create a corpus (ISNotes) annotated for information status (IS), bridging being one of the IS subcategories. The annotations reach high reliability for all categories and marginal reliability for the bridging subcategory. We use a two-stage statistical global inference method for bridging resolution. Given all mentions in a document, the first stage, bridging anaphora recognition, recognizes bridging anaphors as a subtask of learning fine-grained IS. We use a cascading collective classification method where (i) collective classification allows us to investigate relations among several mentions and autocorrelation among IS classes and (ii) cascaded classification allows us to tackle class imbalance, important for minority classes such as bridging. We show that our method outperforms current methods both for IS recognition overall as well as for bridging, specifically. The second stage, bridging antecedent selection, finds the antecedents for all predicted bridging anaphors. We investigate the phenomenon of semantically or syntactically related bridging anaphors that share the same antecedent, a phenomenon we call sibling anaphors. We show that taking sibling anaphors into account in a joint inference model improves antecedent selection performance. In addition, we develop semantic and salience features for antecedent selection and suggest a novel method to build the candidate antecedent list for an anaphor, using the discourse scope of the anaphor. Our model outperforms previous work significantly.
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Le Pesant, Denis. "Anaphores Associatives et Classes D'objets." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 87–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.20.1.05pes.

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The "associative anaphoras" (e.g. He enters the village and goes to see the mayor), contrary to the "true anaphoras" (e.g. A policeman rings at the door; and soon the policeman leaves), are neither co-references, nor lexically identical to the antecedent. Our analysis of the associative anaphora tends to turn it into a particular case of the true anaphora. We can distinguish two main categories of associative anaphoras: those which result from an ellipsis of true anaphora, and those which result from an antecedent ellipsis of true anaphora. Here is an example of the first category: I leave a restaurant; the cook (of that restaurant, 0) is remarkable. Here is an example of the second category: He takes his temperature (with a thermometre, 0); the thermometre shows 39° C.
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Butiurca, Doina. "Anaphora Issue in Medical Discourse." Acta Marisiensis. Philologia 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amph-2022-0003.

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Abstract The assertion from which we start our study is that in the last decades the anaphor has been defined relatively homogeneously from one researcher to another, from two perspectives: a. The syntactical-semantic perspective; and b. The rhetorical perspective - in the linguistics of the text, cultivated in pragmatics, in cognitive sciences, etc. We approach the anaphor in our research, from a syntactical-semantic perspective, as a semantic relation between two linguistic elements, in which the element with subsequent occurrence in the speech does not have a stand-alone meaning, being interpreted by reference to the antecedent. The objective of the research is to analyze the anaphora in the medical discourse. The descriptive-linguistic, analytical and contrastive methods are used in the research. One of the main conclusions is that in the medical discourse, the typology, the ways of accomplishing the anaphora, according to the criterion of referential continuity, are particularly complex.
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Jarbou, Samir O., and Fathi Migdadi. "Testing the Limits of Anaphoric Distance in Classical Arabic: A Corpus-Based Study." Research in Language 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2012): 423–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10015-012-0003-y.

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One of the central aims in research on anaphora is to discover the factors that determine the choice of referential expressions in discourse. Ariel (1988; 2001) offers an Accessibility Scale where referential expressions, including demonstratives, are categorized according to the values of anaphoric (i.e. textual) distance that each of these has in relation to its antecedent. The aim of this paper is to test Ariel’s (1988; 1990; 2001) claim that the choice to use proximal or distal anaphors is mainly determined by anaphoric distance. This claim is investigated in relation to singular demonstratives in a corpus of Classical Arabic (CA) prose texts by using word count to measure anaphoric distance. Results indicate that anaphoric distance cannot be taken as a consistent or reliable determinant of how anaphors are used in CA, and so Ariel’s claim is not supported by the results of this study. This also indicates that the universality of anaphoric distance, as a criterion of accessibility, is defied.
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Yang, Xiaofeng, Jian Su, and Chew Lim Tan. "A Twin-Candidate Model for Learning-Based Anaphora Resolution." Computational Linguistics 34, no. 3 (September 2008): 327–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli.2008.07-004-r2-06-57.

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The traditional single-candidate learning model for anaphora resolution considers the antecedent candidates of an anaphor in isolation, and thus cannot effectively capture the preference relationships between competing candidates for its learning and resolution. To deal with this problem, we propose a twin-candidate model for anaphora resolution. The main idea behind the model is to recast anaphora resolution as a preference classification problem. Specifically, the model learns a classifier that determines the preference between competing candidates, and, during resolution, chooses the antecedent of a given anaphor based on the ranking of the candidates. We present in detail the framework of the twin-candidate model for anaphora resolution. Further, we explore how to deploy the model in the more complicated coreference resolution task. We evaluate the twin-candidate model in different domains using the Automatic Content Extraction data sets. The experimental results indicate that our twin-candidate model is superior to the single-candidate model for the task of pronominal anaphora resolution. For the task of coreference resolution, it also performs equally well, or better.
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Paun, Silviu, Juntao Yu, Nafise Sadat Moosavi, and Massimo Poesio. "Scoring Coreference Chains with Split-Antecedent Anaphors." Dialogue & Discourse 14, no. 2 (September 28, 2023): 1–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5210/dad.2023.201.

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Anaphoric reference is an aspect of language interpretation covering a variety of types of interpretation beyond the simple case of identity reference to entities introduced via nominal expressions covered by the traditional coreference task in its most recent incarnation in ONTONOTES and similar datasets. One of these cases that go beyond simple coreference is anaphoric reference to entities that must be added to the discourse model via accommodation, and in particular split-antecedent references to entities constructed out of other entities, as in split-antecedent plurals and in some cases of discourse deixis. Although this type of anaphoric reference is now annotated in many datasets, systems interpreting such references cannot be evaluated using the Reference coreference scorer Pradhan et al. (2014). As part of the work towards a new scorer for anaphoric reference able to evaluate all aspects of anaphoric interpretation in the coverage of the Universal Anaphora initiative, we propose in this paper a solution to the technical problem of generalizing existing metrics for identity anaphora so that they can also be used to score cases of split-antecedents. This is the first such proposal in the literature on anaphora or coreference, and has been successfully used to score both split-antecedent plural references and discourse deixis in the recent CODI/CRAC anaphora resolution in dialogue shared tasks.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Anaphora (Linguistics)"

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Quezada-Pulido, Wilfredo. "Anaphora, meaning and representation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/anaphora-meaning-and-representation(3d523a71-59d8-42a4-80ce-b60f2b00c25f).html.

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Wolska, Magdalena, and Ivana Kruijff-Korbayová. "Modeling anaphora in informal mathematical dialogue." Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/1045/.

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We analyze anaphoric phenomena in the context of building an input understanding component for a conversational system for tutoring mathematics.
In this paper, we report the results of data analysis of two sets of corpora of dialogs on mathematical theorem proving. We exemplify anaphoric phenomena, identify factors relevant to anaphora resolution in our domain and extensions to the input interpretation component to support it.
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Elworthy, David Alan Howard. "The semantics of noun phrase anaphora." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260609.

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Huang, Yan. "Anaphora in Chinese : towards a pragmatic analysis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276198.

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Eslami, Rasekh Abbass 1955. "An investigation into discourse anaphoric relations : on the role of contextual information in anaphor resolution." Monash University, Dept. of Linguistics, 1997. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7650.

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Wu, Guobin. "A discourse structural approach to anaphora in Chinese." Thesis, University of York, 1995. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10806/.

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Zhu, Shensheng 1952. "A dynamic semantic theory of Chinese anaphora." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288751.

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The distribution and reference of Chinese anaphors are not predetermined by their inherent binding features or by a set of rules from one particular module; rather they are determined by the discourse context in which the anaphor in question occurs. The two most important parameters of discourse context are the discourse topic NP and discourse relations. The discourse topic NP is a unique discourse entity in that it is the only accessible antecedent for such anaphors as exempt reflexives, null subjects and null objects. A discourse topic NP derives its discourse dynamics (i.e., its ability to bind an anaphor beyond its syntactic binding domain) from the structural prominence accorded to it by its syntactic position. The relevance of discourse relations is two-fold. On one hand, the status of an NP as discourse topic is determined relative to the discourse relation underlying the discourse context in which this NP occurs. On the other, discourse relations are a decisive factor in defining the domain of discourse binding. More specifically, a discourse topic NP alpha is accessible to an anaphor beta only when alpha and beta are within a discourse of Continuation. The dynamics of the discourse topic NP and the effect of discourse relations on binding can be satisfactorily treated by Dynamic Montague Grammar with its two formal features: dynamic conjunction and the state switcher. The application of dynamic conjunction to the constituent sentences of a discourse of Continuation reveals associative nature of such a discourse while the state switcher provides a formal means of making a discourse topic NP an available antecedent for the appropriate anaphors within the desired domain of dynamic binding.
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Tanaka, Izumi. "The value of an annotated corpus in the investigation of anaphoric pronouns, with particular reference to backwards anaphora in English." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322853.

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Cox, Clive John. "A graph-theoretic approach to the semantics of discourse and anaphora." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307724.

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Botley, Simon Philip. "Corpora and discourse anaphora : using corpus evidence to test theoretical claims." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322510.

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Books on the topic "Anaphora (Linguistics)"

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A, Fox Barbara, ed. Studies in anaphora. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins Pub., 1996.

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Andrew, Barss, ed. Anaphora: A reference guide. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub., 2002.

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Lasnik, Howard. Essays on anaphora. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.

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Yan, Huang. Anaphora: A cross-linguistic approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.

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Roberts, Craige. Modal subordination, anaphora, and distributivity. New York: Garland Pub., 1990.

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name, No. Anaphores pronominales et nominales: Tudes pragma-smantiques. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2001.

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M, Kruijff Geert-Jan, and Oehrle Richard T, eds. Resource-sensitivity, binding, and anaphora. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.

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Corblin, Francis. Les formes de reprise dans le discours: Anaphores et chaînes de référence. Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes, 1995.

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Azpiroz, Maialen Iraola. Anaphora resolution in children and adults: An experimental study of mature speakers and learners of Basque. Tübingen: Narr Verlag, 2015.

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Catherine, Schnedecker, and PIR-CNRS "Cognisciences ", eds. L' anaphore associative: Aspects linguistiques, psycholinguistiques et automatiques : synthèse des trauvaux réalisés dans le cadre du projet PIR-CNRS "Cognisciences," "L'anaphore et son traitement". Metz: Centre d'analyse syntaxique, Université de Metz, Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Anaphora (Linguistics)"

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Koornneef, Arnout W. "Looking at anaphora." In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 141–66. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.150.06koo.

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Cole, Peter, Gabriella Hermon, and Yanti. "Anaphora in traditional Jambi Malay." In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 327–44. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.167.18col.

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Contemori, Carla, Lena Dal Pozzo, and Simona Matteini. "Resolving pronominal anaphora in real-time." In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 257–76. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.223.12con.

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Bittner, Maria. "11. Aspectual universals of temporal anaphora." In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 349–85. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.110.15bit.

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Madigan, Sean. "Anaphora and Binding." In The Handbook of Korean Linguistics, 137–54. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118371008.ch8.

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Asher, Nicholas. "Anaphora and Abstract Entities." In Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, 225–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1715-9_7.

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Cresswell, M. J. "Domains and Anaphora (I)." In Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, 90–109. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8696-2_7.

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Cresswell, M. J. "Domains and Anaphora (II)." In Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, 110–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8696-2_8.

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Osman, Mariam H. "Bound anaphora in Egyptian Arabic." In Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics, 155. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.63.09osm.

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Bekki, Daisuke. "Representing Anaphora with Dependent Types." In Logical Aspects of Computational Linguistics, 14–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43742-1_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Anaphora (Linguistics)"

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Rákosi, György, and Enikő Tóth. "Spatial anaphora in Hungarian." In 10th International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2019/10/0043/000405.

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Podlesskaya, V. I. ""A TOT PEROVSKOJ NE DAL VSLAST' POSPAT'": PROSODY AND GRAMMAR OF ANAPHORIC TOT THROUGH THE LENS OF CORPUS DATA." In International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intellectual Technologies "Dialogue". Russian State University for the Humanities, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2020-19-628-643.

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Based on data from the Russian National Corpus and the General InternetCorpus of Russian, the paper addresses syntactic, sematic and prosodic features of constructions with the demonstrative TOT used as an anaphor. These constructions have gained some attention in earlier studies [Paducheva 2016], [Berger, Weiss 1987], [Kibrik 2011], [Podlesskaya 2001], but their analysis (a) covered primarily their prototypical uses; and (b) was based on written data. The data from informal, esp. from spoken discourse show however that the actual use of these constructions may deviate considerably from the known prototype. The paper aims at bridging this gap. I claim (i) that the function of TOT is to temporary promote a referent from a less privileged discourse status to a more privileged one; and (ii) that TOT can be analyzed on a par with switch reference devices in the languages where the latter are grammatically marked (e.g. on verb forms). The following parameters of TOT-constructions are discussed: syntactic and semantic roles of TOT and of its antecedent in their respective clauses, linear and structural distances between TOT and its antecedent, animacy of the maintained referent. Special attention is payed to the information structure of the TOT construction: I give structural and prosodic evidence that TOT never has a rhematic status. The revealed actual distribution of TOT (a) adds to our understanding of cross-linguistic variation of anaphoric functions of demonstratives; and, hopefully, (b) may contribute to further developing computational approaches to coreference and anaphora resolution for Russian, e.g. by improving datasets necessary for this task.
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Hou, Yufang. "Bridging Anaphora Resolution as Question Answering." In Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.132.

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Charniak, Eugene, and Micha Elsner. "EM works for pronoun anaphora resolution." In the 12th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1609067.1609083.

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Yu, Juntao, Nafise Sadat Moosavi, Silviu Paun, and Massimo Poesio. "Free the Plural: Unrestricted Split-Antecedent Anaphora Resolution." In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: International Committee on Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.coling-main.538.

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Yu, Juntao, Nafise Sadat Moosavi, Silviu Paun, and Massimo Poesio. "Free the Plural: Unrestricted Split-Antecedent Anaphora Resolution." In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: International Committee on Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.coling-main.538.

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Bolshakov, Vladislav, Rostislav Kolobov, Eugene Borisov, Nikolay Mikhaylovskiy, and Gyuli Mukhtarova. "Scaled Down Lean BERT-like Language Models for Anaphora Resolution and Beyond." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE on Computational Linguistics and Intellectual Technologies. RSUH, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2023-22-1032-1040.

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We study performance of BERT-like distributive semantic language models on anaphora resolution and related tasks with the purpose of selecting a model for on-device inference. We have found that lean (narrow and deep) language models provide the best balance of speed and quality for word-level tasks, and opensource1 RuLUKE-tiny and RuLUKE-slim models we have trained. Both are significantly (over 27%) faster than models with comparable accuracy. We hypothesise that the model depth may play a critical role for performance as, according to recent findings each layer behaves as a gradient descent step in autoregressive setting.
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Rizov, Borislav, and Rositsa Dekova. "Anaphora – Clause Annotation and Alignment Tool." In Proceedings of the Demonstrations at the 14th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/e14-2018.

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Voita, Elena, Pavel Serdyukov, Rico Sennrich, and Ivan Titov. "Context-Aware Neural Machine Translation Learns Anaphora Resolution." In Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/p18-1117.

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Miltsakaki, Eleni, and Paschalia Patsala. "Effects of structural prominence on anaphora: The case of relative clauses." In ExLing 2006: 1st Tutorial and Research Workshop on Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2006/01/0041/000041.

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