Journal articles: 'Anatomy, Pathological'

1

Loshchilov, Yu A. "Pathological anatomy of pneumoconiosis." PULMONOLOGIYA, no. 2 (April 28, 2007): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2007-0-2-117-119.

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Gruzdeva, O. S. "PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY OF FROSTBITE." Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin, no. 4 (2020): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.52485/19986173_2020_4_137.

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MORISON, J. EDGAR. "Pathological Anatomy of Anoxia." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 3, no. 6 (November 12, 2008): 559–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1961.tb10421.x.

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4

Müller, K. M. "Pulmonary Metastases. Pathological Anatomy." Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon 34, S 2 (November 1986): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1022187.

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Müller, K. M., and M. Respondek. "Pulmonary metastases: Pathological anatomy." Lung 168, S1 (December 1990): 1137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02718254.

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Orlinskaya, N. Yu, and A. B. Elkanova. "Pathological anatomy of thyrotoxic liver." Medical alphabet, no. 17 (September 23, 2020): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2020-17-36-38.

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The work was performed on experimental material. An experimental model of thyrotoxicosis in laboratory animals, white male rats, was obtained by daily administration оf l-thyroxine at a dose of 1.6 mg per 1 kg of body weight. The duration of the experiment was 45 days. 67 mature rats weighing 250–300 g were selected for the experiment. Rats were removed from the experiment after 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 45 days. As a control, we used 22 rats that were not injected with L-thyroxine. The level of thyroid hormones in the blood of rats was determined by enzyme immunoassay. A macroscopic study was performed and the size and mass of the rat liver were determined. For histological examination, pieces of liver tissue were taken, and they were fixed in 10 % buffered formalin for 10 days. Histological preparations were prepared by the standard method, using histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies. The results of the study showed that in experimental thyrotoxicosis, the level of thyroid hormones increases: T3 (triiodothyronine) equals 21.37 ± 0.03 mmol/l, 4.75 ± 0.02 mmol/l in the control; T4 (thyroxine) equals 2.55 ± 0.03 mmol/l, 1.80 ± 0.03 mmol/l in the control. Macroscopic examination revealed a 2-fold increase in the size and weight of the liver. Histological examination revealed widespread interstitial edema of the liver stroma, dystrophic and destructive changes, necrosis of hepatocytes, formation of cavities, thinning and atrophy of the liver beams, lymphocytic infiltration. The immunohistochemical study shows a decrease in Ki-67 expression level to 1.8 % compared to the control (5.0 %), which indicates a decrease in reparative processes in the liver.

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Mello, Evandro Sobroza de, and Venâncio Avancini Ferreira Alves. "Chronic hepatitis C: pathological anatomy." Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases 11 (October 2007): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-86702007000700010.

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Krismann, Michael, Klaus-Michael Müller, Malgorzata Jaworska, and Georg Johnen. "Pathological anatomy and molecular pathology." Lung Cancer 45 (August 2004): S29—S33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2004.04.005.

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Leo, Laura Anna, Vera Lucia Paiocchi, Susanne Anna Schlossbauer, Elisa Gherbesi, and Francesco F. Faletra. "Anatomy of Mitral Valve Complex as Revealed by Non-Invasive Imaging: Pathological, Surgical and Interventional Implications." Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 7, no. 4 (November 4, 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd7040049.

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Knowledge of mitral valve (MV) anatomy has been accrued from anatomic specimens derived by cadavers, or from direct inspection during open heart surgery. However, today two-dimensional and three-dimensional transthoracic (2D/3D TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (2D/3D TEE), computed tomography (CT) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) provide images of the beating heart of unprecedented quality in both two and three-dimensional format. Indeed, over the last few years these non-invasive imaging techniques have been used for describing dynamic cardiac anatomy. Differently from the “dead” anatomy of anatomic specimens and the “static” anatomy observed during surgery, they have the unique ability of showing “dynamic” images from beating hearts. The “dynamic” anatomy gives us a better awareness, as any single anatomic arrangement corresponds perfectly to a specific function. Understanding normal anatomical aspects of MV apparatus is of a paramount importance for a correct interpretation of the wide spectrum of patho-morphological MV diseases. This review illustrates the anatomy of MV as revealed by non-invasive imaging describing physiological, pathological, surgical and interventional implications related to specific anatomical features of the MV complex.

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Paukov, V. S., and Yu A. Erokhin. "The pathological anatomy of alcoholic disease." Almanac of Clinical Medicine 48, no. 2 (July 30, 2020): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2020-48-015.

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Ponomarev, A. B., and D. N. Fedorov. "Computer technologies in teaching pathological anatomy." Arkhiv patologii 77, no. 2 (2015): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/patol201577232-34.

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Epsilawati, Lusi, Azhari Azhari, and Norlaila Sarifah. "Anatomi leher dan kondisi patologisnya: Pemeriksaan USG." Jurnal Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial Indonesia 4, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32793/jrdi.v4i2.549.

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Objectives: This study is aimed to introduce an overview of the anatomy of the neck region as well as an overview of some pathological conditions that can be seen through Ultrasound. Literature Review: There was a characteristic in the anatomy of the neck by Ultrasound. Anatomy of the neck on Ultrasound, divided into several areas with its characteristics. Ultrasound can thoroughly assess pathological conditions related to anatomy. Conclusion: Ultrasound was a modality that can be used to see the condition of the anatomy, including the neck area. Pathological conditions were also able to be appropriately seen through Ultrasound.

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13

Tarniceriu, Cristina Claudia, Loredana Liliana Hurjui, Daniela Maria Tanase, Alin Horatiu Nedelcu, Irina Gradinaru, Manuela Ursaru, Alexandra Stefan Rudeanu, Carmen Delianu, and Ludmila Lozneanu. "The Pulmonary Venous Return from Normal to Pathological—Clinical Correlations and Review of Literature." Medicina 57, no. 3 (March 22, 2021): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57030293.

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Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from lungs to the left atrium of the heart. The anatomy of the pulmonary veins is variable with some anatomic variants. In clinical practice the difference between the normal anatomy of pulmonary veins with its variants and abnormal anatomy is very important for clinicians. Variants of pulmonary veins may occur in number, diameter and normal venous return. We present a case report and a review of the literature with the pulmonary venous return that deviates from the usual anatomical configuration and ranges from normal variant drainage to anomalous pulmonary—systemic communication. Initially, it was considered as an anatomical variant of the pulmonary venous return associated with the persistence of the left superior vena cava. Upon detailed exploration it was established that it was an anomaly of the pulmonary venous return which led in time to the installation of its complications. Diagnosis can be difficult, sometimes missed, or only made late in adulthood when complications were installed. Knowledge of variant anatomy and anomalous pulmonary venous return play a crucial role in the diagnostically challenging patient.

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14

Munck, Willy. "THE PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY OF SUDDEN HEART DEATH." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 23, no. 2 (August 17, 2009): 107–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1946.tb00525.x.

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15

Nožička, Zdeněk. "History of Pathological Anatomy in Hradec Králové." Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic) 42, no. 1 (1999): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2019.144.

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16

Hyodoh, Kazusa, Hideki Hyodoh, Hidenari Akiba, Mitsuharu Tamakawa, Noriko Nakamura, Naoya Yama, Takaharu Syonai, et al. "Brachial plexus: Normal anatomy and pathological conditions." Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 31, no. 5 (September 2002): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mdr.2002.127636.

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17

Schiødt, T. "Pathological Anatomy in Denmark — a Historical Survey." Pathology - Research and Practice 191, no. 7-8 (August 1995): 599–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0344-0338(11)80614-x.

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18

Chong, V. F. H., S. K. Mukherji, and C. H. K. Goh. "The suprahyoid neck: normal and pathological anatomy." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 113, no. 6 (June 1999): 501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100144354.

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AbstractThe suprahyoid neck can be divided into fascia-bound spaces. These spaces, which are readily demonstrated on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), form the anatomical framework for generating differential diagnosis and assessing disease extent. By correlating the radiological features with clinical information, the diagnostic possibilities of demonstrated lesions could be narrowed down considerably. Multiple space involvement is common in inflammatory and neoplastic processes and the full extent of these lesions should be outlined to facilitate surgical or radiotherapy planning.

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19

Mitchell, William C., and Randy T. Simmons. "Pathological politics: The anatomy of government failure." Society 32, no. 6 (September 1995): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02693369.

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20

Mann, R. A. "Pathological anatomy of claw and hammer toes." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 72, no. 2 (February 1990): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-199072020-00024.

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21

Lagier, R. "Pathological anatomy in the teaching of rheumatology." Clinical Rheumatology 15, no. 2 (March 1996): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02230325.

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22

Goetti, Patrick, Patrick J. Denard, Philippe Collin, Mohamed Ibrahim, Pierre Hoffmeyer, and Alexandre Lädermann. "Shoulder biomechanics in normal and selected pathological conditions." EFORT Open Reviews 5, no. 8 (August 2020): 508–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.200006.

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The stability of the glenohumeral joint depends on soft tissue stabilizers, bone morphology and dynamic stabilizers such as the rotator cuff and long head of the biceps tendon. Shoulder stabilization techniques include anatomic procedures such as repair of the labrum or restoration of bone loss, but also non-anatomic options such as remplissage or tendon transfers. Rotator cuff repair should restore the cuff anatomy, reattach the rotator cable and respect the coracoacromial arch whenever possible. Tendon transfer, superior capsular reconstruction or balloon implantation have been proposed for irreparable lesions. Shoulder rehabilitation should focus on restoring balanced glenohumeral and scapular force couples in order to avoid an upward migration of the humeral head and secondary cuff impingement. The primary goal of cuff repair is to be as anatomic as possible and to create a biomechanically favourable environment for tendon healing. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:508-518. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200006

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23

Shakirova, A. Z., and D. E. Tsyplakov. "To the 150th anniversary of pathological anatomy department of Kazan medical university." Kazan medical journal 97, no. 2 (April 15, 2016): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2016-300.

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The article presents data on the main stages of formation and development of the pathological anatomy department of Kazan (Imperial) University from department approval under the auspice of Professor A.V. Petrov in December, 1965 to its reorganization by merging of two departments - Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Physiology in June, 2014. Data on the department heads for the 150-year history are summarized, the main directions of scientific research conducted under the department heads supervision are described. Particular consideration is given to the Kazan scientists-pathologists achievements and contribution in fundamental and practical pathological anatomy, related subjects, clinical practice, social sciences, students’ education and doctors of various specialties training. Joint General Pathology department faculty new challenges are identified, namely transition plan generation, educational process radical restructuring in order to optimize it according to modern requirements for the higher and postgraduate education system. Initiated and conducted measures in connection with the department reorganization in the framework of new General Pathology discipline allowing to preserve the pathological anatomy structural and organizational integrity as a basic science, which is also of great practical importance, are presented.

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24

Todorov, S. S., A. S. Kazmin, V. Yu Deribas, and S. S. Todorov Jr. "Pathological anatomy of lung vessels in COVID-19." CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MORPHOLOGY 11, no. 2 (2022): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31088/cem2022.11.2.6-12.

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Pathological anatomy of pulmonary vascular lesions plays a key role in understanding the patho-genesis and morphogenesis of COVID-19. This review focuses on morphological features of pulmonary vascular injury in COVID-19. The virus is known to be capable of causing not only cytopathic cell damage of various organs and tissues (type II pneumocytes, cardiomyocytes, neurons, epithelial cells of the gas-trointestinal tract) but also endotheliotropic damage that aggravates the development and course of acute alveolar damage to the lungs. We studied the literature on microscopic changes in the vessel walls in lung tissue for 2020–2022. This review discusses the issues of local or systemic vascular lesions, morphologi-cal changes in the vessels over time, the likelihood of the development of microangiopathy, vasculitis, and endotheliitis in COVID-19 patients. Particular attention is paid to possible mechanisms of endotheliopathy in COVID-19 patients and its role in the microthrombi genesis. We speculate that in the future, postmor-tem lung examination in COVID-19 patients using histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical methods will clarify the features of alterative and inflammatory changes and reparative processes in the blood vessel walls, as well as neoangiogenesis at different stages of the disease. Keywords: pathological anatomy, COVID-19, lungs, endotheliopathy, endotheliitis, microthrombus formation

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25

Kalashnikova, Victoria A., and Natalia S. Rudenko. "Bacteriology and pathological anatomy of pneumonias in monkeys." Veterinary Science Today 11, no. 1 (2022): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.29326/2304-196x-2022-11-1-42-48.

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26

TAMURA, Masaru, Chihiro OHYE, and Yoichi NAKAZATO. "Pathological Anatomy of Autopsy Brain with Malignant Glioma." Neurologia medico-chirurgica 33, no. 2 (1993): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2176/nmc.33.77.

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27

&NA;. "Pathological anatomy of the hands in Apertʼs syndrome." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 75, no. 3 (March 1985): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-198503000-00068.

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28

Krestel, Heinz, Claudio L. Bassetti, and Olivier Walusinski. "Yawning—Its anatomy, chemistry, role, and pathological considerations." Progress in Neurobiology 161 (February 2018): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.11.003.

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29

Ruangchaijatuporn, Thumanoon, Kara Gaetke-Udager, Jon A. Jacobson, Corrie M. Yablon, and Yoav Morag. "Ultrasound evaluation of bursae: anatomy and pathological appearances." Skeletal Radiology 46, no. 4 (February 11, 2017): 445–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00256-017-2577-x.

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30

Myerson, M. S., and M. J. Shereff. "The pathological anatomy of claw and hammer toes." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 71, no. 1 (January 1989): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-198971010-00008.

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31

Kachlík, David, Ivan Varga, Václav Báča, and Vladimír Musil. "Variant Anatomy and Its Terminology." Medicina 56, no. 12 (December 18, 2020): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56120713.

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Variant anatomy, which is an integral part of anatomical science, is related to abnormalities in the human body structure. Our understanding of variant anatomy is based on thousand years of anatomical experience. These abnormalities generally do not interfere with the function of the human body and do not typically manifest as pathological nosological units. However, under certain conditions, these abnormalities can worsen existing pathological states or even evoke new ones. Understanding variant anatomy is a basic skill not only of mere anatomists, but also of clinicians who work in fields involving both diagnostic techniques and therapeutic interventions. To gain and retain a good knowledge of the most frequent and clinically relevant anatomical variations, a simple, clear, and exactly defined nomenclature of variant structures is needed. A list of items comprising variant anatomy, which have been incorporated into the internationally accepted nomenclatures Terminologia Anatomica (1998) and Terminologia Neuroanatomica (2017), is described and analyzed. Examples of the most common anatomical variations related to terminology are mentioned, and variant anatomy as a whole and its role in understanding current anatomy are discussed.

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32

Friend, G. G., T. B. Ponomareva, and F. A. Shilova. "Military pages of history: department of pathological anatomy of Molotov medical institute during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 – to the 75th anniversary of victory devoted*." Perm Medical Journal 37, no. 3 (September 16, 2020): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj373110-117.

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The history of the Department of Pathological Anatomy of Molotov Medical Institute during the Great Patriotic War of 19411945 is presented. The working conditions of the department, the formation of pathological anatomy service in Perm and region, the active work of the department in training personnel for pathology departments, the creation of the society of pathologists, the scientific work of the department are shown.

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33

Samsonova, M. V., A. L. Chernyaev, Zh R. Omarova, E. A. Pershina, O. D. Mishnev, O. V. Zayratyants, L. M. Mikhaleva, et al. "Features of pathological anatomy of lungs at COVID-19." PULMONOLOGIYA 30, no. 5 (October 26, 2020): 519–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-5-519-532.

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34

Kogan, E. A., Yu S. Berezovsky, D. D. Protsenko, T. R. Bagdasaryan, E. M. Gretsov, S. A. Demura, G. A. Demyashkin, et al. "PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY OF INFECTION CAUSED BY SARS-COV-2." Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine 6, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 8–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.19048/2411-8729-2020-6-2-8-30.

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Autopsy data from 80 patients who died of the COVID-19 infection were analysed. Using macro- and microscopic studies, specific features of pathological processes in various organs were identified. The obtained experimental data, along with information from literature sources, allowed conclusions to be drawn about the mechanisms of damaging internal organs and body systems, as well as assumptions to be made about individual links in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The thanatogenesis of the disease and the main causes of death are discussed, including acute cardiopulmonary failure, acute renal failure, pulmonary thromboembolism, shock involving multiple organ failure and sepsis. The critical importance of autopsy is emphasized, which provides valuable information on the morphological substrate for this infection closely associated with possible clinical manifestations.

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35

Voff, I. "To the normal and pathological anatomy of the cervix." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 5, no. 1 (August 7, 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd5147-52.

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The female genital organs in the continuation of all life and until death are subject to constant changes. Mllerian passages, which are at first solid, dense, become hollow with further development, by the end of the 2nd month, the septum between them in the lower part disappears and the vagina and uterus develop, between how the upper part turns into tubes; only in a 5-month-old fetus is it possible to differentiate the uterus from the vaginal canal - the vaginal part is formed; the cervix at this time is very long and wide, the body of the uterus is small and narrow; in a newborn, the uterus is already well developed relative to the vaginal part.

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36

Ruzi, D. A. "TO PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY OF FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS IN CHOLERA." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 7, no. 1 (September 2, 2020): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd7132-38.

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Taking advantage of this summer's epidemic, we, at the suggestion of prof. KF Slavyansk, engaged in the study of pathological and anatomical changes in the female genital organs with cholera. These observations seem all the more noteworthy because the authors who have worked up to now in this direction have come to almost opposite conclusions.

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37

Portinaro, Nma, Rd Case, and Mf Gargan. "Pathological Anatomy of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Joint." HIP International 9, no. 3 (January 1999): 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112070009900900309.

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38

Compston, Alastair. "The pathological anatomy of the lesion in multiple sclerosis." Brain Research Bulletin 50, no. 5-6 (November 1999): 463–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0361-9230(99)00135-5.

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39

Geng, Che, Xiao, and Liu. "Extracting Retinal Anatomy and Pathological Structure Using Multiscale Segmentation." Applied Sciences 9, no. 18 (September 4, 2019): 3669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9183669.

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Fundus image segmentation technology has always been an important tool in the medical imaging field. Recent studies have validated that deep learning techniques can effectively segment retinal anatomy and determine pathological structure in retinal fundus photographs. However, several groups of image segmentation methods used in medical imaging only provide a single retinopathic feature (e.g., roth spots and exudates). In this paper, we propose a more accurate and clinically oriented framework for the segmentation of fundus images from end-to-end input. We design a four-path multiscale input network structure that learns network features and finds overall characteristics via our network. Our network’s structure is not limited by segmentation of single retinopathic features. Our method is suitable for exudates, roth spots, blood vessels, and optic discs segmentation. The structure has general applicability to many fundus models; therefore, we use our own dataset for training. In cooperation with hospitals and board-certified ophthalmologists, the proposed framework is validated on retinal images from large databases and can improve diagnostic performance compared to state-of-the-art methods that use smaller databases for training. The proposed framework detects blood vessels with an accuracy of 0.927, which is comparable to exudate accuracy (0.939) and roth spot accuracy (0.904), providing ophthalmologists with a practical diagnostic and a robust analytical tool.

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Cherstvoy, E. D., G. I. Lazjuk, I. W. Lurie, M. K. Nedzved, and S. S. Usoev. "The pathological anatomy of the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome." Clinical Genetics 7, no. 5 (April 23, 2008): 382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.1975.tb00345.x.

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Lopez, Alejandro J., Justin K. Scheer, Kayla E. Leibl, Zachary A. Smith, Brian J. Dlouhy, and Nader S. Dahdaleh. "Anatomy and biomechanics of the craniovertebral junction." Neurosurgical Focus 38, no. 4 (April 2015): E2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.1.focus14807.

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The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) has unique anatomical structures that separate it from the subaxial cervical spine. In addition to housing vital neural and vascular structures, the majority of cranial flexion, extension, and axial rotation is accomplished at the CVJ. A complex combination of osseous and ligamentous supports allow for stability despite a large degree of motion. An understanding of anatomy and biomechanics is essential to effectively evaluate and address the various pathological processes that may affect this region. Therefore, the authors present an up-to-date narrative review of CVJ anatomy, normal and pathological biomechanics, and fixation techniques.

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Favorsky, V. K. "Report on the activities of the Society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists at the Imperial Kazan University for 1910." Neurology Bulletin XVIII, no. 2 (July 6, 2021): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/nb71570.

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The past year is the 19th year of the Society's life. By arranging scientific meetings and publishing a special journal "Neurological Bulletin", the Society contributed to the development of questions on anatomy, microscopic anatomy, nervous physiology, psychology, neuropathology and psychiatry with the pathological anatomy of the toxicity of nervous and mental and forensic disorders,

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43

Terentyev, V. P., M. Z. Gasanov, Yu M. Ambalov, and M. M. Batyushin. "Honoris Causa Professor Dushan Fedorovich Lambl was a Man Truly Devoted to Science." Russian Archives of Internal Medicine 10, no. 4 (July 30, 2020): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20514/2226-6704-2020-10-4-247-253.

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Vilém Dušan Lambl, better known in Russia as Dushan Fedorovich Lambl (1824-1895) — Czech and Russian anatomist, histologist, therapist and parasitologist, doctor of medicine, professor, head of the department of normal anatomy and pathological anatomy of the Imperial Kharkov University (from 1860 to 1871), head of the Faculty therapeutic Department of the Imperial University of Warsaw (from 1871 to 1895), Privy Councilor.Professor Lambl D.F. the main works on parasitology (he was the first to describe in 1859 the simplest microorganism that parasitizes humans and now bears his name), pathological anatomy (his famous lithographs written on stone), normal anatomy, internal medicine, as well as natural science, ethnography, culture and linguistics of Slavs and others. He was a man with the broadest horizons, sharpness of thought, excellent erudition and incredible knowledge in the field of both fundamental and practical medicine.

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Cheng, Joseph S., and John K. Song. "Anatomy of the sacrum." Neurosurgical Focus 15, no. 2 (August 2003): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2003.15.2.3.

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One of the basic tenets of performing surgery is knowledge of the relevant anatomy. Surgeons incorporate this knowledge along with factors, such as biomechanics and physiology, to develop their operative approaches and procedures. In the diagnosis and management of sacral tumors, the need to be familiar with the anatomy of the sacrum is no less important than knowledge of the pathological entity involved. This article will provide an overview of the embryology and anatomy of the sacrum, along with concepts as applied to surgical intervention.

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Solaro, Claudio, David Barratt, and Mauro Vaccarezza. "The New Anatomy of Neuroimmunology." Immuno 2, no. 1 (March 16, 2022): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/immuno2010016.

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In the past few years, a renowned interest in the interplay between the immune system and central nervous systems (CNS) has sparked a wealth of new experimental studies. Two recent publications in Science shed new light on the “resident” immune cell populations in the CNS and their functions in homeostasis and pathological status, with potential implications in understanding CNS disease mechanisms and in designing new “intelligent” therapies.

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46

Stojanowski, Christopher M. "Sexing potential of fragmentary and pathological metacarpals." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 109, no. 2 (June 1999): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199906)109:2<245::aid-ajpa8>3.0.co;2-t.

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Herasymiuk, I. "CLINICAL ANATOMY OF RAT'S SALIVARY GLANDS." Clinical anatomy and operative surgery 19, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.19.4.2020.49.

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In an experiment found that the parotid salivary gland in rats, unlike people, located on ventrolateral surface of the neck behind the ear and reach the outer part of the clavicle. Straits form three main trunks which penetrate the mouth. Mandibular salivary glands (submandibular salivary glands counterparts in humans) are located on the ventral surface of the neck, on the way from the hyoid bone to the handle of the sternum, touching each other by their medial edges. Stereometric parameters obtained branching blood vessels can form the basis for comparison and setting the dynamics of pathological changes in modeling various pathological processes. The similarity in the structural organization of organs and tissues of humans and animals determines the use of the latter for experimental modeling of pathological processes manifested in the clinic. At the same time, for a detailed understanding of the dynamics of modeled pathological conditions and an adequate interpretation of the results obtained, one should take into account the species characteristics and those differences that are characteristic of animals of different species, as well as refer to the initial values of the quantitative characteristics of their tissues, organs and systems. The spatial organization of the bloodstream was studied by contrast X-ray angiography. For this, the arterial bed was injected with an aqueous suspension of red lead. In order to eliminate the superimposed shadows of the contralateral vessels, a sagittal cut of the head was performed before X-ray angiography with the removal of the brain along with the branching of the internal carotid artery. Radiography was performed without the use of an intensifying screen in lateral projection using a Koch & Sterzel apparatus. Rats normally have four pairs of large salivary glands: parotid, mandibular, large and small sublingual. The largest are the parotid and mandibular. The features of the structure, size and location of the salivary glands in rats are determined both by the features of the structure of the skull and the horizontal position of the body, and by the features of the functional purpose of the glands themselves. The largest of the salivary glands is the parotid. The ducts are formed from three main trunks and, bypassing the masticatory muscle along the surface, penetrate into the oral cavity. To the front edge of the gland, the lacrimal gland is quite tightly attached, the duct of which passes to the outer corner of the orbit.

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Kantelhardt, Sven R., Christian Greke, Naureen Keric, Fritz Vollmer, Ingmar Thiemann, and Alf Giese. "Image Guidance for Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography." Operative Neurosurgery 68, suppl_2 (June 1, 2011): ons257—ons266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e31821553b2.

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Abstract Background: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is an important tool for noninvasive detection and monitoring of vasospasm and other pathological conditions of the intracranial vessels. Objective: To demonstrate that image-guided TCD allows rapid identification and blood-flow analysis of specific sections of the vascular anatomy and provides excellent orientation, also allowing diagnostic procedures on pathological vascular structures. Methods: Three patients who underwent computed tomographic angiography scanning for reasons not related to this study were examined by neuronavigated image-guided TCD. The Doppler probe was fitted with reflective markers and tracked by a commercially available Kolibri image guidance system. Results: Image-guided TCD allowed identification of all major intracranial vessels. Unilateral acquisition of reliable Doppler signals for the internal carotid artery, carotid T, middle cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery bifurcation, and anterior cerebral artery required 14 ± 6 minutes. Preregistration of these targets and detection by neuronavigation alone shortened examination times significantly to 8 ± 2 minutes. Registering the optimal examination trajectories on the neuronavigational device and applying navigational pilot software shortened times for repetitive examination further to 4 ± 1 minutes and ensured that the examination was done at the exact same spot under the same angle as in previous examinations. Conclusion: Image guidance can be applied easily and efficiently to TCD. It provides anatomic orientation and may help to standardize investigation protocols, define pathological vascular territories for repeat investigations, and thus reduce interinvestigator variations. Image guidance may also extend the use of TCD to situations of a pathological or variant vascular anatomy.

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Choi, Young Jae, Eun Ja Lee, and Jung Eun Lee. "The Fornix: Functional Anatomy, Normal Neuroimaging, and Various Pathological Conditions." Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging 25, no. 2 (2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.13104/imri.2021.25.2.59.

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V.P. Maleev, V. P. "To the pathological anatomy of bulbar paralysis of vascular origin." Neurology Bulletin VIII, no. 3 (December 24, 2020): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/nb53117.

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Bulbar paralysis has long been attracting the attention of neuropathologists, due to its diversity in the clinical picture, the duration of the course of the disease and the severity of the disease. In Germany, the term bulbar paralysis was first used in 1864 by Wachsmuth in relation to the chronic form, which is now called Duschenns progressive bulbar paralysis. Due to the difficulties of recognition, cases of intravital diagnosis of paralysis with lesions of the medulla oblongata were almost absent at that time. In France, the acquaintance with this disease began, apparently, a little earlier than Germany, but there and here they soon began to distinguish acute cases (Lange) of paralysis from chronic ones.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Anatomy, Pathological'

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