Academic literature on the topic 'Ancient alphabets'

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Journal articles on the topic "Ancient alphabets"

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EVTIMOVA, Tatyana. "FROM THE ISLAND OF MAURITIUS TO THE NEW TESTAMENT OF SAINT KLIMENT." Ezikov Svyat (Orbis Linguarum) 18, no. 1 (March 27, 2020): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/ezs.swu.v18i1.13.

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a professor in Indian Studies, in February 2019 the author was a special guest to the Mahatma Gandhi Institute in Moka, Mauritius. During her visit she delivered a public lecture entitled “Tracing India in an Old Bulgarian Alphabet”. This text is practically based on it. The name of the first Bulgarian alphabet – Glagolitsa of Saint Cyril – may formally be translated as “speaking script”, or “speaking letters”. As far as each and every letter in it carries a separate name and therefore meaning, given the order of alphabets, the approach to it as to an alphabetical blessing and Benedictio to Bulgarians, initially articulated by Saint Cyril, was easily prompted. The names of five of the Glagolitsa letters – buki, vedi, esti, jivete, shta – as a real shortcut take us back to Ancient India and its classical language Sanskrit. The “speaking” character of this alphabet and the order of alphabets were as a matter of fact the main features of Glagolitsa that Saint Kliment kept and transferred to his new graphics, which he named after his late teacher – Kirilitsa. The author gives her own “translation” of Saint Kliment’s Alphabetical Blessing in Modern Bulgarian and makes a semantic and spiritual bridge between Kirilitsa, or the Cyrillic alphabet and the Holy Bible, or the New Testament.
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Amsler, Mark E. "Premodern Letters and Textual Consciousness." Historiographia Linguistica 37, no. 3 (November 16, 2010): 279–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.37.3.01ams.

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Summary Modern linguistics textbooks devote little, if any, space to writing systems. Shifting our attention from naming precursors or proto-theories to reading earlier language study and linguistics as theorizing and description, the present paper explores ancient and early medieval concepts of the letter in terms of the semiotics of written language and the emergence of textual consciousness in manuscript culture. Early concepts and uses of the letter in alphabetic writing were ambiguous, multilayered, and occasionally contested, but they were not confused. Ancient and early medieval concepts of the letter were based on a semiotics of language and writing which connected spoken and visual signs as multimodal textual activity. Theories of the letter included: (a) the written character (gramma, littera) is a visual sign signifying a particular sound or group of sounds; (b) letters can function as arbitrary second-order signifying systems, such as numbers or diacritics; (c) different alphabets are rooted in the history of peoples although the Roman alphabet is a plastic medium for inscribing the emerging European vernaculars; (d) letters are material substances; (e) the written character is a mute sign; (f) the written character is imperfect or incomplete when detached from sound and the practice of reading aloud.
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O'Sullivan, Neil. "MANUSCRIPT EVIDENCE FOR ALPHABET-SWITCHING IN THE WORKS OF CICERO: PROPER NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES." Classical Quarterly 70, no. 2 (December 2020): 677–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838821000124.

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Our manuscripts of Cicero contain dozens of Greek words that are presented in some passages in Greek letters, and in others are transliterated into Latin. In a recent paper I collected the evidence for this phenomenon in connection with common nouns and adjectives (for example ὑποθήκη vs hypotheca, ἱστορικός vs historicus), surveyed scholarship to date and posited an interpretative framework which is assumed in this study also. Key components of this framework are the use of mixed alphabets in surviving ancient documents (especially inscriptions) and an awareness of the frequency with which modern editors change the alphabets in the manuscripts when dealing with Greek words—hence the importance of using the apparatus critici, not just the printed text, of our editions. The earlier paper was also strict in its exclusion of words in continuous passages, and even short phrases, of Greek, since that context excludes the option of transliteration for the author. The major contention of that earlier study was that a coherent pattern of use in the manuscripts can only really be a reflection of Cicero's own considered choice of alphabets: consistently inexplicable choice may indicate that Cicero himself was indifferent to which alphabet he used for single Greek words, or that our copyists paid no attention to this aspect of their exemplars, or both.
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WOOLF, GREG. "ANCIENT ILLITERACY?" Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 58, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-5370.2015.12010.x.

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Abstract Ancient writing is conventionally approached as a counterpart of speech, as in the dyad orality/literacy. Alphabetical writing systems are often regarded as superior precisely because they are better able to record speech. This paper takes inspiration from the work on ancient Near Eastern writing systems and considers ancient literacy as a general competence in handling sign systems that are often as much about numbers and quantities as about phonetic transcription. Means of recording proper names assume a special importance in transactions between strangers, and in documents that circulate without much context. But judged in terms of a capacity to handle numbers, signs, diagrams, and other symbols the debate over ancient literacy, and illiteracy, looks rather different. The paper argues that relative to their need to handle sign systems of this kind, very few members of the ancient world can be considered as functionally illiterate. Moving away from orality/literacy also raises questions about the widespread (but incomplete) spread of alphabets and abjads in the last and first millennia.
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Kalpesh, Gajiwala. "The use of Sanskrit, an ancient language, as a tool to evaluate cleft palate speech problems." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 40, no. 02 (July 2007): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1699187.

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ABSTRACTSpeech is a complex process. The evaluation of speech in an individual with cleft palate is difficult, and the existing classification of phonemes is complicated. Sanskrit, an ancient language, has an arrangement of alphabets that is orderly and scientific and therefore provides a simple means to understand the production of phonemes and memorize them. This article demonstrates the inherent advantage of this arrangement of Sanskrit alphabets to effectively analyze defective cleft palate speech and provides a tool for surgeons to decide a course of action in their routine clinical practice. Improved insight into the speech defect by the surgeon also facilitates better coordination with the speech language pathologist in assessment and treatment of a child with cleft palate.
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Salomon, Corinna. "Raetic." Palaeohispanica. Revista sobre lenguas y culturas de la Hispania Antigua, no. 20 (May 1, 2020): 263–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36707/palaeohispanica.v0i20.380.

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The paper gives an overview of the study of Raetic. Part one contains introductory remarks concerning the structure of the corpus, research history and editions, archaeology and ancient sources, chronology and distribution, types of inscriptions and supports, alphabets, onomastics and language. Part 2 discusses open questions and possible lines of future research.
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Nadolinskaya, T. V. "Ancient Russian singing alphabets and manuscripts as system of learning znamenny chants." Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly, no. 3 (March 2020): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/am.03-20.079.

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Sultanbek, K., and Z. Shadkam. "THE PROBLEMS OF THE TRANSCRIPTION AN ARABOGRAPHIC WORKS." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 75, no. 1 (April 12, 2021): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-1.1728-7804.27.

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The article deals the problems of transcription an arabographic literary heritage. Turkic people are used various writing systems and alphabets to nowadays, and we have a lot of works which as considering as a cultural heritage. These works are researched by domestic scientists in accordance with modern realities and norms of the Kazakh language. Comprehensive studies of the written heritage are being conducted to this day, which starting from ancient stone writing monuments, written relics of the Uyghur, Karakhanid, Khorezm, Chagatai periods. Although the Orkhon-Yenisei inscriptions were first read by foreign Turkologists, domestic researchers also have many works in this area. In the course of such work, scientists have used various symbols of transcription and transliteration. Russian, Turkish and Western scholars have used their own symbols and methods of transcription. This indicates a lack of methods of unification among scientists. In Russia and the CIS countries are used the Cyrillic system of transcription. The transition of the Kazakh alphabet to the Latin script presupposes the formation of a new transcription system of medieval written relics.
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Aleksakhin, Alexey. ""Pinyin Tzimu Project" — a Landmark Event in the History of Chinese Civilization Initiated and Supported by the CPC." Problemy dalnego vostoka, no. 4 (2021): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013128120016158-4.

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The Creation of the Alphabet and words spelling of Chinese Mandarin (Pinyin tsimu project) is a landmark event in the history of Chinese civilization. It breathes new life into ancient Chinese characters. Great "dumb" − the Chinese character − for the first time since 1958 has become known to the whole world by sounds of Beijing speech. Today the two types of writing − Chinese Mandarin traditional ideographic and innovative phonographic writing, in their unity, provide the linguocultural unity of the Chinese society and the progress of science and technology of China. Millions of people in China and beyond are studying the Chinese language based on the sound letter standard of the words of Chinese Putonghua. Letter orthogramms of Chinese words provide tele- and Internet communication of hundreds of millions of Chinese. In the 20 century the first Latinized alphabet for the Chinese language was created with the leading participation of one of the founders and leaders of the CPC, Qu Qiubo, (included in the official list of "100 Greatest Figures of New China") under the influence of the experience of creating alphabets for the peoples of the USSR in 1921-26. Chinese alphabet, based on Latin letters and letter-spelling forms of Putonghua words are a huge scientific achievement of Chinese linguists. Outstanding contribution to the creation of the alphabet and letter words of Chinese Mandarin was made by a brilliant Chinese linguist Zhou Youguang (1906-2011), called the «father of pinyin zimu» or Chinese alphabet in China. The top leaders of the Communist Party of China, Mao Tsedong, Zhou Enlai, Chen Yi led the creation of the "pinyin" alphabet. The political will and wisdom of the CPC's senior leadership, combined with the creative genius of Chinese linguists, ensured the creation of a letter writing for the people of China, which was "an epochal event in the history of the development of Chinese civilization".
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Shimomura, Isao. "Deciphering etymologically unknown names of musical instruments of Siberia and Russian Far East." Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia, no. 41 (2021): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2021-1-47-58.

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This study presents etymological deciphering using ancient Japanese ways of reading ancient Chinese scripts of the names for the five types of stringed instruments, known as komuz, tatonpa, sugut, tambur, and tonkori. Based on the phonetic variants of the term komuz written in Roman and Russian alphabets and Chinese scripts, two hypothetical forms *qonbulrsukie and *qonbulrsir were reconstructed: qon ‘sheep’, bulr ‘tendon’, sukie ‘string’, sir ‘string’. As to the form tatonpa, the ancient form *siudonbule {siu ‘boar’ + don ‘gut’ + bule ‘tendon-fiber’} was revealed. The hypothetical form *siugudi {siu ‘boar’ + gudi ‘gut’} was reconstructed from the phonetic variants of the name sugut, written in Chinese scripts. The hypothetical form *donbule {don ‘gut’ + bule ‘tendon-fiber’} was reconstructed from the phonetic variants of the name tambur written in Chinese scripts. An Ainu word tonkori consists of Altaic root-forms don ‘gut’ and kur ‘string-instrument’, followed by an Ainu suffix {i} ‘that’. We have proved that, except for the Ainu suffix {i}, all the root forms linguistically belong to Altaic lan- guages. Not a few ethnographers dealt with the etymological analysis of instrument names encountered in Siberia and the Russian Far East, mainly taking into account the context of shamanism. It is known that shamans used the instruments as tools in healing rituals. However, contrary to our expectations, the reconstructed root forms of the names revealed practical aspects of daily life.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ancient alphabets"

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Castronovo, Joseph Anthony Jr 1950. "Reading hidden messages through deciphered manual alphabets on classic artwork." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282678.

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Decipherment is the tool used to uncover several types of hand signs that played vital roles in the creation of hidden messages in classic artwork. A 3,100 B.C. bas-relief of The 'Kaph' Telescope, formerly named The Narmer Palette, and Michaelangelo Buonarrotte's Battle of Cascina of 1506 were two key works of art that show certain similarities even though separated by 4,500 years. It is evident that Renaissance humanists provided artists with certain knowledge of the ancients. Results of incorporating a number of minor works of art showed that the competence of ancient Egyptians, Cretans and Australian Aboriginals, to name a few, as astronomers, was underestimated. Some deciphered Indus seals attested to a global understanding of the universe, with Gemini and the star of Thuban at the center of their attention. Certain forms of secrecy had to be undertaken for various reasons throughout the millennia. Three examples are: (1) In Italy, to keep controversial and truthful teachings discreet and hidden, artists embedded them in artwork long before the plight of Galileo Galilei and his discoveries. (2) Among Jewish Kabbalists, a well-known design was obscured in The Arnolfini Wedding painting for fear it would be lost due to persecution. (3) Michaelangelo Buonarrotte indicated several meanings through the hands of The Statue of Moses. They were overlooked by several societies, including the gesticulating culture of Italy, because they oppressed the value of signed languages. Spatial decipherment may testify to a need for the restoration of a spatial writing system for expanded linguistic accessibility. A 21st century model community for sign language residents and employees will benefit visual learners, particularly visual artists and non-phonetic decipherers, to better uncover, understand and perhaps use ancient hand forms to restore ancient knowledge. Moreover, the National Association of Teaching English (NATE) has recently endorsed the addition of two skills, viewing and visual representing, to the traditional list of reading, writing, speaking and listening. Students will master these two new skills far more effectively when they are exposed to such a signing community.
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Weiss, Emmanuel. "Les parlers grecs anciens d'Italie du Sud : de Rhégion à Tarente, à partir des témoignages épigraphiques." Nancy 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN21030.

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La documentation épigraphique du sud de la Grande-Grèce avant la conquête romaine est très dispersée dans l'espace et le temps. Des textes complexes comme les Tables d'Héraclée ou les Tablettes de Locres voisinent avec des inscriptions fragmentaires rédigées, pour les plus anciennes, en alphabet épichorique ou, après 400 av. J. -C. , en alphabet ionien. L'examen des témoignages épigraphiques montre une grande proximité linguistique entre les différentes cités, en dépit de la diversité de leurs métropoles. On est donc fondé à parler, en tout cas après 400 av. J. -C. , d'un unique dialecte sud-italique relevant de la Doris severior, ayant subi l'influence du dorien de Sicile puis de la koinè. Seule Rhégion, de fondation chalcidienne, se détache de ce continuum linguistique et relève du domaine ionien. La langue des Tables d'Héraclée présente de son côté de nombreuses particularités, phénomènes d'hyperdialectisme ou créations analogiques
The epigraphical documentation of southern Magna Graecia before the Roman conquest is very scattered in space and time, including complex texts, such as the Tables of Heraclea and the Tablets of Epizephyrian Locri and fragmentary inscriptions written, for the oldest, in epichoric alphabets and, after 400 B. C. , in the Ionic alphabet. The study of epigraphical testimonies shows a close linguistic similarity between the different cities, in spite of the diversity of their metropoleis. Therefore we can talk about a single southern-italic dialect (in any case after 400 B. C. ), belonging to the Doris severior, which was influenced by the Sicilian Doris and then by the koine. Only Rhegion, founded by the Chalcidians, stands out from this linguistic continuum and belongs to the Ionic dialect. The speech of the Tables of Heraclea has many peculiarities, results of hyperdialectism or analogical creations
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Books on the topic "Ancient alphabets"

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1975-, Sin Se-yong, ed. Illyu ŭi muncha rŭl t'ansaeng sik'in Karimt'o-Han'gŭl muncha: The alphabets of mankind originated from the ancient Korean alphabets, Garimto and Hangeul. Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi: Han'guk Munhwasa, 2012.

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Sass, Benjamin. Studia alphabetica: On the origin and early history of the Northwest Semitic, South Semitic, and Greek alphabets. Frieburg, Schweiz: Universitätsverlag, 1991.

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Old world roots of the Cherokee: How DNA, ancient alphabets and religion explain the origins of America's largest Indian nation. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, 2012.

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A, Logan Robert. The golden talisman and the ancient alphabet. Bryn Mawr, Pa: Dorrance & Co., 1988.

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Michael, Shoulders, and Juhasz Victor ill, eds. G is for gladiator: An ancient Rome alphabet. Ann Arbor, MI: Sleeping Bear Press, 2010.

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Shoulders, Debbie. G is for gladiator: An ancient Rome alphabet. Ann Arbor, MI: Sleeping Bear Press, 2010.

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Donna, Martin, ed. America's ancient stone relics: Highlighting Vermont's link to Bronze Age mariners. [Rutland, Vt: Academy Books, 1995.

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History of Java: Local wisdom description since ancient Mataram to contemporary era. Jogjakarta: Tanah Air, 2007.

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Greg, Jenkins. The Theban oracle: Discover the magic of the ancient alphabet that changes lives. San Francisco, CA: Weiser Books, 2014.

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Palaeolinguistic profile of Brāhmī script. Delhi: Pratibha Prakashan, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ancient alphabets"

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Lafont, Robert. "Relationships Between Speech and Writing Systems in Ancient Alphabets and Syllabaries." In The Alphabet and the Brain, 92–105. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01093-8_7.

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Skoyles, John Robert. "Right Hemisphere Literacy in the Ancient World." In The Alphabet and the Brain, 362–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01093-8_19.

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den Boeft, Jan. "Ancient Lyric Poetry and Modern Theory." In The Search for a New Alphabet, 25. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.76.06boe.

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Woodard, Roger D. "Phoinikēia Grammata: An Alphabet for the Greek Language." In A Companion to the Ancient Greek Language, 25–46. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444317398.ch3.

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Vidal, M. C. "Europe Alphabets, Ancient Classical." In Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics, 267–78. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-044854-2/04549-1.

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Frampton, Stephanie Ann. "Writing and Identity." In Empire of Letters, 33–54. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190915407.003.0003.

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What did ancient Romans believe about the origins of their alphabet? Focusing on the fact that the alphabet was recognized by Roman authors to have been borrowed from the Greeks, who in turn had borrowed it from more ancient cultures in the eastern Mediterranean, this chapter shows how those borrowings were used by Romans in the classical period to echo and reinforce popular myths and ideals about their own hybrid cultural identity. Discussion includes a comparison of Greek and Roman myths of alphabetic origins, including those of Herodotus, Plato, Tacitus, and Pliny the Elder, and analysis of Roman theories about the sources for differences between the Greek and Roman alphabets, stemming from histories of transmission from older writing cultures in the Mediterranean, including Etruscans, Phoenicians, Egyptians, and Assyrians.
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"Ancient writing systems." In The Routledge Handbook of Scripts and Alphabets, 14–49. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203865484-8.

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"A Comparative Table Of Ancient Alphabets." In Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures, edited by Samuel Prideaux Tregelles, XIII—xiv. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463231187-003.

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Dosuna, Julián Méndez. "The Pronunciation of Upsilon and Related Matters." In The Early Greek Alphabets, 119–45. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859949.003.0007.

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It is universally assumed that the fronting of inherited /u(ː)/ to /y(ː)/ was a relatively late development restricted to Attic-Ionic (to the significant exclusion of Euboean) and possibly to other dialects as well. This paper presents a re-assessment of the evidence available and challenges the general assumption that *u and *ū retained their inherited phonetic value /u(ː)/ in Proto-Greek. The alternative hypothesis is explored that the fronting of /u(ː)/ to /y(ː)/ dates back to Proto-Greek. The presence of /u(ː)/ in the ancient dialects can be accounted for through a secondary backing /y(ː)/ > /u(ː)/ like in the modern dialects.
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Papazarkadas, Nikolaos. "Boiotian Inscriptions in Epichoric Script." In The Early Greek Alphabets, 267–92. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859949.003.0012.

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This chapter provides a critical presentation of the most important Boeotian inscriptions in epichoric script published since the revision of Local Scripts in 1990. It allows us to follow the development of Boeotian epigraphy from the Archaic period well into the early fourth century BC. Several new inscriptions supplement information derived from the literary sources; one in particular spectacularly vindicates the good faith of Herodotus. Archaeologically, such texts have allowed the identification of major ancient sites. Epigraphically, they display a remarkable uniformity that allows us to talk of a Boeotian koine. Historically, they challenge established ideas of limited literacy. Recent finds also unequivocally demonstrate that the Boeotian script was still being used well into the fourth century and approximately down to the period of the so-called Theban hegemony. An appendix provides the editio princeps of a funerary epigram inscribed in epichoric script.
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Conference papers on the topic "Ancient alphabets"

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Zhang, Xiangning, and Ruolin Zhang. "Evolution of Ancient Alphabet to Modern Greek, Latin and Cyrillic Alphabets and Transcription between Them." In 2018 4th International Conference on Economics, Social Science, Arts, Education and Management Engineering (ESSAEME 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/essaeme-18.2018.30.

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Huh, Jun-Ho, Namjug Kim, and Kyungryong Seo. "A Typeface Searching Technique Using Evaluation Functions for Shapes and Positions of Alphabets Used in Ancient Books." In Mechanical Engineering 2016. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2016.129.38.

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