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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'And avoidance'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Kalman, Timea, and Emma Simonsson. "Loyalty Program Avoidance." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-4750.

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<p>Loyalty programs have become an important element of the modern company and its existence can be noticed in every kind of businesses. The aim with loyalty programs is to win customers loyalty in order to keep them away from the competitors. However, there are some issues existing in creating and maintaining long-term relationships, for instance when consumers choose to decline participation in loyalty programs. A qualitative research method with an inductive approach has been used, by using the interview method CIT to collect the empirical data. 82 open-ended interviews were made with respo

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2

Matthews, Neil David. "Visual collision avoidance." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287308.

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Krigbaum, Catherine, and Catherine Krigbaum. "Information Avoidance: The Effect that Information Avoidance Plays on Activity Tracker Usage." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625027.

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Information Avoidance is the act of purposefully avoiding information that could be deemed as unwanted by a person despite the information being good for them. People tend to avoid information they think will make them feel unwanted emotions, force an undesirable change to their lifestyle, or diminish their self-worth. This study tested whether people who wear activity trackers ever avoid information their tracker provides them. This study concluded that information avoidance is not a frequent occurrence among the respondents in the included sample. However, a few correlations that were found

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Engelhardtsen, Øystein. "3D AUV Collision Avoidance." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Engineering Cybernetics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9534.

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<p>An underlying requirement for any Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) is to navigate through unknown or partly unknown environments while performing certain user specified tasks. The loss of an AUV due to collision is unjustifiable both in terms of cost and replacement time. To prevent such an unfortunate event, one requires a robust and effective Collision Avoidance System (CAS). This paper discusses the collision avoidance problem for the HUGIN AUVs. In the first part, a complete simulator for the HUGIN AUV is implemented in matlab and simulink. This includes a 6 degrees-of-freedom nonlin

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5

Irvall, Per. "Obstacle Avoidance System (OAS)." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-106251.

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The goal of the Master thesis was to construct an obstacle avoidance system. It was the intention that this system can be used as part of a bigger project performed at the lab. The system was implemented and tested for a Pioneer 2DX mobile robot in the lab environment. The positioning of the robot was done with an external ultrasound system provided by the lab. The Digiclops 3D camera from Gray Point research was used for main vision sensor. The code was written in C and implemented in Windows environment. The obstacle avoidance system contains image processing, map building, and control. For

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Chan, Philip K. F. "Chatter avoidance in milling." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29467.

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One of the major limitations on productivity in metal cutting is chatter. Chatter is a form of unstable self-excited vibration which causes poor surface finish, as well as cutter and machine tool damage. The investigation of chatter suppression in milling using continuously variable spindle speed is presented in this thesis. The fundamental mechanism in regenerative chatter is due to favorable phasing between the inner and outer modulations on the chip thickness. In this thesis, the spindle speed is sinusoidally varied to prevent the dynamic cutting process from locking on to a constant phas

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Parry, Rebecca Anderson Hamish. "Transaction avoidance in insolvencies." Oxford [England] ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2001. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy033/2002265042.html.

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Udachina, Alisa. "Experiential avoidance in paranoia." Thesis, Bangor University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.574542.

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It is thought that experiential avoidance (EA), conceptualised as avoidance of unpleasant mental experiences, lies at the heart of psychopathology. The studies included into this thesis investigated the role of EA in the paranoid process using a range of methodologies (experience sampling, questionnaire and experimental) in patient and nonclinical populations. Part of this thesis explored the dynamic relationships between paranoia, self-esteem and EA using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM), a structured diary technique which allows the assessment of symptoms, mood and behaviour in the conte

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9

Rose, Jason Paul. "Approach-avoidance and optimism." Diss., University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/317.

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It is a widely assumed principle that organisms reflexively approach possibilities for pleasure and avoid possibilities for pain. However, highly evolved organisms not only reflexively react to future possibilities of pleasure vs. pain, but also evaluate the chance or risk of actually experiencing such possibilities. Given the import of optimism judgments in shaping behavior and other outcomes, the main goal of the current research was to examine the relationship between the rudimentary systems of approach-avoidance that orient us toward possible outcomes in the environment and the higher-orde

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Addison, Colleen Victoria. "The issue of avoidance : information avoidance in the context of personal health concerns." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62612.

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Information is increasingly available at the touch of a button, and yet limits are still present in the ability and willingness of individuals to access that information. These limits can result in information avoidance, a phenomenon in which individuals prefer not to seek or be exposed to information. Nowhere is this phenomenon more evident and more problematic than in health, where information has been linked to better health outcomes, and where the consumer health movement has shifted the responsibility of health information seeking from healthcare professionals to patients. This dissert

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Calvert, Teresa Michelle. "An analysis of the 2006 amendments to the General Anti-Avoidance Rules : a case law approach / T. Calvert." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6280.

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Tax avoidance has been a concern to revenue authorities throughout the ages, and revenue authorities worldwide are engaged in a constant struggle to ensure taxpayer compliance while combating tax avoidance. South Africa is no exception to this struggle and the increasingly innovative ways in which taxpayers seek to minimise their tax burdens necessitate amendments in order to remain at the forefront of taxpayer compliance. In view of the above, the general anti-avoidance rules (GAAR) have been amended numerous times to address weaknesses. The most recent of these amendments are those of 1996 a

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Rampersad, Narad. "Infinite Sequences and Pattern Avoidance." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/1155.

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The study of combinatorics on words dates back at least to the beginning of the 20th century and the work of Axel Thue. Thue was the first to give an example of an infinite word over a three letter alphabet that contains no squares (identical adjacent blocks) <i>xx</i>. This result was eventually used to solve some longstanding open problems in algebra and has remarkable connections to other areas of mathematics and computer science as well. In this thesis we primarily study several variations of the problems studied by Thue in his work on repetitions in words, including some recent c

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Hansson, Sten. "Blame avoidance in government communication." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/82513/.

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Governments’ policies and actions often precipitate public blame firestorms and mediated scandals targeted at individual or collective policy makers. In the face of losing credibility and resources, officeholders are tempted to apply strategies of blame avoidance which permeate administrative structures, operations, and language use. Linguistic aspects of blame avoidance are yet to be studied by discourse analysts in great detail. It is necessary to develop a more sophisticated, context-sensitive understanding of how blame avoidance affects public communication practices of governments, becaus

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Bornemann, Tobias. "Tax Avoidance and Accounting Conservatism." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Universität Wien, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6058/1/SSRN%2Did3114054.pdf.

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This study analyzes the relation between accounting conservatism, future tax rate cuts and countries' level of book-tax conformity. Firms have an incentive to increase conservatism in financial reporting when a tax rate cut is imminent to shift taxable income into the lower taxed future. Using a panel of firms across 18 countries from 1995 to 2010 I find that conditional conservatism is positively and significantly associated with future tax rate cuts when book-tax conformity is high. This effect is particularly pronounced for firms that concentrate the majority of their operations in the coun

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Hamamura, Takeshi. "Approach-avoidance motivation across cultures." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1012.

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People everywhere strive for an ideal view of the self, but the conception of “ideal” differs importantly across cultures. In Western societies, the ideal self entails the possession of high self-esteem, whereas in East Asian cultures the ideal self entails maintenance of “face,” or successful performance of social roles and obligations. Within each cultural context, aspirations for an ideal self are facilitated by a network of psychological processes. One such psychological process is approach and avoidance motivations: approach motivation is useful for Westerners’ pursuit of high self-esteem

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Klein, Rupert G. "Cognitive avoidance of health threats." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102518.

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Previous researchers have suggested that cognitive avoidance occurs for stimuli describing social threats but not for stimuli describing physical threats. The present research examined whether individuals can cognitively avoid physically threatening stimuli, such as the words 'HIV' or 'cancer'. Three studies investigated (a) personality characteristics that predict cognitive avoidance of physically threatening stimuli, (b) whether the stimuli have to be relevant to the avoider and (c) circumstances that may disrupt the avoidance mechanism.<br>Study 1 was an exploratory study examining the pers

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Tsoularis, A. "Collision avoidance in unstructured workspaces." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360766.

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Smith, Jeannette M. "Depressive Rumination as Experiential Avoidance." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2008. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/2260.

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Psychology<br>Ph.D.<br>This study examined an experiential avoidance conceptualization of depressive rumination in 3 ways: 1) associations among questionnaire measures of rumination, experiential avoidance, and fear of emotions; 2) performance on a dichotic listening task that highlights preferences for non-depressive material; and 3) psychophysiological reactivity in an avoidance paradigm modeled after the one used by Borkovec, Lyonfields, Wiser, & Deihl (1993) in their examination of worry. One hundred and thirty eight high (HR) or low (LR) ruminating Temple University undergraduates complet

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Phan, Long N. 1976. "Collision avoidance via laser rangefinding." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80045.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaf 105).<br>by Long N. Phan.<br>S.M.

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Walter, Mary Ann Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Repetition avoidance in human language." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41694.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2007.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 208-225).<br>Repetition is avoided in countless human languages and at a variety of grammatical levels. In this dissertation I ask what it is that makes repetition so bad. I propose that at least three distinct biases against repetition exist. First, repetition of articulatory gestures is relatively difficult. This difficulty results in phonetic variation that may lead to categorical phonological avoidance. I call this set of claims the Biomechanical Rep

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Agarwal, Megha, Alisha Bandekar, Ashley Kang, et al. "Automotive LiDAR Collision-Avoidance System." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624893.

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The project at hand is an Automotive LiDAR Collision Avoidance System sponsored by Texas Instruments. The purpose of this project is to design and create a LiDAR system that utilizes Texas Instruments' technology to avoid forward collisions when mounted on a remote control car. The team is made up of six seniors from the University of Arizona of four different engineering disciplines including electrical, mechanical, computer, and optical engineering. The LiDAR Collision avoidance system is designed and built under a budget constraint of $4,000 and a non-negotiable completion deadline of

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Patel, Rushen Bhikhubhai. "Prohibited volume avoidance for aircraft." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/6445.

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This thesis describes the development of a pilot override control system that prevents aircraft entering critical regions of space, known as prohibited volumes. The aim is to prevent another 9/11 style terrorist attack, as well as act as a general safety system for transport aircraft. The thesis presents the design and implementation of three core modules in the system; the trajectory generation algorithm, the trigger mechanism for the pilot override and the trajectory following element. The trajectory generation algorithm uses a direct multiple shooting strategy to provide trajectories throug

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Strachman, Amy. "Approach and avoidance relationship commitment." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1383475621&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Hultgren, Andree, and Muhammed Memedi. "Autonomous Vehicles With Obstacle Avoidance." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254202.

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Autonomous ground vehicles are becoming prevalent in this modern society due to economical and environmental benefits. This paper investigates trajectory tracking control for a two-wheel autonomous vehicle first, and then a decentralised control approach is implemented where each vehicle can maintain a formation with other vehicles. Collision avoidance is also taken into account, where both moving and stationary obstacles are considered. This enables arbitrary fleets of vehicles to manoeuvre in a set formation without colliding with each other or other obstacles. The proposed controllers are p

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Johansson, Robert. "Pattern Avoidance in Alternating Sign Matrices." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7936.

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<p>This thesis is about a generalization of permutation theory. The concept of pattern avoidance in permutation matrices is investigated in a larger class of matrices - the alternating sign matrices. The main result is that the set of alternating sign matrices avoiding the pattern 132, is counted by the large Schröder numbers. An algebraic and a bijective proof is presented. Another class is shown to be counted by every second Fibonacci number. Further research in this new area of combinatorics is discussed.</p>

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Loe, Øivind Aleksander G. "Collision Avoidance for Unmanned Surface Vehicles." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Engineering Cybernetics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-8866.

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<p>Considerable progress has been achieved in recent years with respect to autonomous vehicles. A good example is the DARPA Grand Challenge, a competition for autonomous ground vehicles. None of the competing vehicles managed to complete the challenge in 2004, but returning in 2005, a total of five vehicles were successful. Effective collision avoidance is a requirement for autonomous navigation, and even though much progress has been done, it still remains an open problem. The focus of this thesis is on the development of a collision avoidance system for unmanned surface vehicles (USVs),

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Rennæs, Karsten Fernholt. "Wireless Positioning and Collision Avoidance System." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for teknisk kybernetikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19205.

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Early in the 1980's Jens G. Balchen wanted to create an autonomous bike, capable of driving without any help from supporting wheels or human interaction. The intriguing idea included a variety of complicated concepts and was at that time almost an impossible task to accomplish. As time progressed and both technology and equipment developed, the possibility of a driverless bike becomes more than just an idea. The Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) has during the later years dedicated resources, time and effort in making a reality of the concept through the project named

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Graves, Mark. "Avoidance Behavior in the Elderly Driver." TopSCHOLAR®, 1996. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/873.

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Do older drivers modify their driving habits in response to functional impairment? Older drivers who avoid challenging driving situations were compared with non-avoiders, to determine whether functional limitations were related to avoidance and whether avoidance is related to reducing crash risk. Results showed that, on the average, older drivers reported avoiding driving at night, on high traffic roads, on high speed roads, and in rush hour traffic while not avoiding left turns, driving in the rain, and driving alone. Subjects were placed into groups based on their cognitive and visual abilit

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Irshad, Mohsin. "Measuring Cost Avoidance Through Software Reuse." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5083.

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Context. Software Reuse is considered as silver-bullet for software development. However, measuring bene ts of software reuse is difficult and cumbersome task because of varying number of factors involved in it. Di erent reuse cost models already exist in literature which measure var- ious di erent attributes of software reuse. Mainly these models are used for calculating return over investment or cost-bene t analysis. Objectives.We have investigated that very few cost eco- nomic models have been proposed for measuring costs avoidance,degree of empirical validation, assumptions, types ofartifa

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Strömgren, Oliver. "Deep Learning for Autonomous Collision Avoidance." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Datorseende, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-147693.

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Deep learning has been rapidly growing in recent years obtaining excellent results for many computer vision applications, such as image classification and object detection. One aspect for the increased popularity of deep learning is that it mitigates the need for hand-crafted features. This thesis work investigates deep learning as a methodology to solve the problem of autonomous collision avoidance for a small robotic car. To accomplish this, transfer learning is used with the VGG16 deep network pre-trained on ImageNet dataset. A dataset has been collected and then used to fine-tune and valid

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Hamdi, Karama. "Interference avoidance in cognitive radio networks /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ECED%202007%20HAMDI.

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Noppel, F. G. "Contrail and cirrus cloud avoidance technology." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/2966.

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Civil aviation, providing transport to connect people, cultures and economies, is situated at the heart of globalisation. Since its earliest days, it has grown along with every other part of the industrialised society and experienced growth rates exceeding that of global GDP. Projections suggest that future air traffic emissions will play an increasingly important role in the contribution to global warming, which is regarded to be a serious threat to earth’s socio-ecological systems. Air traffic contributes to the overall anthropogenic radiative forcing, a metric denoting perturbations in the

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Li, Huiying. "Visual cueing for collision avoidance system." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7927.

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The modern Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) used in airlines today is the TCAS II. It provides pilots with both Traffic Advisory (TA) and Resolution Advisory (RA) which in turn reduces the incidence of mid-air collisions. It was demonstrated that TCAS could provide safety and economy benefits for airlines nowadays. However, as the demand for commercial air travels increases, it exerted a considerable amount of strain on the current ‘traditional’ TCAS system. This is primarily due to the increase in competition for airspace. Trajectory-based TCAS systems have been proposed to

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Duncan, Lesley Alexandra. "Disease avoidance mechanisms and their implications." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13155.

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Pathogens and parasites posed significant fitness threats to our ancestors. As a consequence of these enduring threats, there are likely to have evolved a set of cognitive and affective systems designed to facilitate the behavioral avoidance of disease-causing pathogens and their carriers – including individuals who are already infected. The behavioural immune system is a suite of attentional, affective, cognitive, and behavioural responses which function to decrease the probability of contracting pathogens by activating aversive responses to indirect cues that heuristically connote the prese

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Horn, Joe. "Flight envelope limit detection and avoidance." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12435.

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Arpaci, Mutlu. "Congestion avoidance in TCP/IP networks." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15356.

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Morris, Rebbecca. "Approach-Avoidance Achievement Goals in Sport." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521974.

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Rosen, Jacob (Jacob Benjamin). "Computer aided tax avoidance policy analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98541.

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Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2015.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Title as it appears in MIT Commencement Exercises program, June 5, 2015: Computer aided tax evasion policy analysis: partnership calculation. Includes bibliographical references (pages 81-83).<br>his thesis presents a three part methodology fo

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Joseph, Farmey A. (Farmey Augustine). "Path-planning strategies for ambush avoidance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33213.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2005.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-72).<br>This thesis examines a variety of ambush games in which one player must navigate between an origin and a destination, and the other player seeks to intercept and ambush him. These games include single-stage games, in which all decisions are made at the outset of the game, and multi-stage games, i

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Coenen, Frans Pierre. "A rule based collision avoidance system." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237820.

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Lin, Jue. "Essays on Chinese corporate tax avoidance." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49088/.

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This thesis consists of three self-contained studies on corporate tax avoidance of Chinese firms around the 2008 Corporate Tax Reform. In Chapter 1, we describe the background of this thesis, provide a general introduction of the Tax Reform and outline the motivation of this research. Chapter 2 studies how multinationals’ decisions of foreign direct investment (FDI) into China responded to the tax reform where exemption from the dividend withholding tax was repealed and investors from various jurisdictions faced different withholding tax rates due to their existing double tax agreements (DTA)

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Marta, André Filipe Ferreira Santa. "Tax avoidance and corporate social responsibility." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17163.

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Mestrado em Finanças<br>Esta tese visa entender se existe uma conexão entre planeamento fiscal corporativo e responsabilidade social corporativa (RSC). Utilizamos uma amostra composta por 4.453 observações de 914 firmas americanas na NYSE e NASDAQ, entre 2002 e 2016. No geral, não encontramos evidências estatísticas de uma associação entre planeamento fiscal corporativa e responsabilidade social corporativa. No entanto, através de uma regressão por quantis, encontramos evidências estatísticas de uma relação entre planeamento fiscal corporativo e RSC em níveis mais altos de RSC, consistente com

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Stancill, Alan Jonathan. "CEO Severance Agreements and Tax Avoidance." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77862.

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This study investigates the association between CEO severance agreements and corporate tax avoidance. Severance agreements, by providing executives with additional compensation when there is a change in employment status, should serve to encourage additional risk-taking, as reflected by increased tax avoidance activities. Using a large sample of aggregate compensation data, I find some evidence of a relation between the presence of a CEO severance agreement and tax avoidance. Using a smaller sample of hand-collected data, I find a significant negative relation between the magnitude of cash sev

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Bereza-Jarocinski, Robert, and Therese Persson. "Autonomous Trajectory Tracking and Obstacle Avoidance." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214704.

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Autonomous ground vehicles (AGVs), such as selfdrivingcars, are expected to become a central part of infrastructurein future smart cities. There are many technicalchallenges with making vehicles autonomous. They have to beable to find their way in both free environments as well asin environments with obstacles and other vehicles. To achievethis, they require many sensors to analyze their surroundings.The aim with this paper is to investigate the sensor typesnormally used in AGVs, describe their functionality and alsoprovide a model of how an autonomous vehicle can navigate indifferent environm

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Orlova, Daria. "Tax avoidance and Credit Rating association." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359873.

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In this research, I present the analysis of the relationship between credit rating and tax avoidance. I found out that the lower the cash effective tax rate the stronger the association with credit rating. Sensitivity analysis showed that the probability of falling into more favorable credit rating category is increases and the probability of falling into less favorable category decreases if cash effective tax rate increases at least by 1%. Also, the negative association between book-tax differences and credit rating found.

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Switzer, Barbara T. "Robotic path planning with obstacle avoidance /." Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11712.

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Janardhan, Rajini. "Store avoidance behavior : an exploratory study /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841155.

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Westrup, Darrah. "Experiential avoidance and alcohol dependence relapse." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=868.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 76 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-67).

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Duan, Chunjie. "Crosstalk avoidance in on-chip busses." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3315823.

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Sawers, Kimberly M. "Choice avoidance in managerial accounting decisions /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8746.

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