Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'André (1896-1966 ; poète surréaliste)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'André (1896-1966 ; poète surréaliste).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Ngetcham, Louis. ""Figures" chez André Breton : des Manifestes du surréalisme à Nadja, Les Vases communicants et l'Amour fou (théorie et pratique)." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040291.
Full textTwo main objectives constitute the guide-lights of this thesis. Firstly we compare breton's theories from manifestes du surrealisme to nadja,les vases communicants and l'amour fou,considering politics,religion,materialism or psychiatry. We specify his convictions concerning 1920's cultural crisis in europe: protesting against wars,he claimed a new society to be built out of far old values, namely patriotism,rationalism and public order among others. Leading surrealism theories,he carried fighting spears against capitalistic societies. To him,capitalism is the laying bed of social disparities,misery and blind belief to god which enhances human submission to an unseen dictator. Meanwhile he was a paradoxical communist party militant,praising the russian revolution,but not considering social justice in terms of material redistribution or collective production o goods. The revolutionnary society,he claimed,should allow subjective behaviour and bind nobody to any ideological dogmatism called "party discipline". Considering freudism,he defends unconciousness and waking dream as the "highest step" of human freedom. Consequently"dreams should enlighten the search of fundamental solutions" and everyone should get rid of waking activities dictatorship. Rejecting rationalism,he welcomes "hasard objectif", unpredictable mechanism by without any possible scientific interpretation. Defending love against materialistic and religious considerations,he can't bear loneliness for many reasons and celebrates his essential complementarity with things and persons he meets at random. Secondly we observe his views on arts; condemning romantism he praises "automatic writing"but a stylistic analysis shows his imitation of rhetorical figures. Nevertheless he always ruins their traditional structures to build ne forms of speech,insisting on everybody's imaginative capacities. Paris,woman and love complete breton's figure
Okubo, Yuko. "La notion de "beauté convulsive" chez André Breton et ses prolongements théoriques : rencontre de l'esthétique et du politique." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070081.
Full textThis thesis has a two-fold aim: to analyze the evolution of the notion of "convulsive beauty" in Breton's books, in order to reconstruct his theory of language, and to examine the relationship between the aesthetic and the political in his work. Instead of writing the history of surrealism and politics, we propose in our study a rereading of texts written by Breton from the 1920's to the middle of the 1930's, from his "intuitive" and anarchic phase to his affiliation and break with the Communist Party in 1935, in order to appraise the importance of the political in his aesthetic thought. It is indeed necessary to restore the political context of Breton's aesthetic if we want to grasp its full significance. The "convulsive beauty is the name Breton gave to his strategies of indetermination, allowing him to avoid any dogmatism of meaning
Kravvaris, Dimitrios. "Un "ennemi du dedans " : Nicolas Calas face à André Breton (1937-1947)." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070014.
Full textNicolas Calas (born 1907 in Lausanne, died 1988 in New York) grew up in Athens where he published his first poems and articles at the beginning of the 1930s. His poems are influenced by the Russian futurism and his articles refer to the social revolution and to the usefulness" of art. In 1937, Nicolas Calas openly declared to be favourably disposed to the surrealist movement, which he describes as "romanticism without mysticism". In 1938, he becomes attached to the surrealist movement, publishing an essay entitled Foyers d'Incendie. In his review of the essay, André Breton emphasises that Calas had given an "inspired" and "decisive answer" to "all the questions of the past twenty years". However, this essay also reveals a paradox: Although published under the auspices of Breton, it emerges as a discortant voice from among the surrealist group. The reason for this is that Calas is not disposed to defend the model of the "pure interior" as Breton did before him. In the 1940s, Nicolas Calas reproaches André Breton for granting an excessive measure of importance to automatic writing and for neglecting the area of conscience. Thus, we can establish the fact that the involvement of Nicolas Calas alongside André Breton never borders on the attachment of the first to surrealism. The confrontation of the works of these two writers allows us among other things to answer a number of questions touching the very core of surrealism: Is this movement really concerned with the world of phenomena? Does surrealism open up a way to otherness? And, does it succeed in reconciling political action and aesthetic experience?
Blachère, Jean-Claude. "André Breton et les mondes primitifs." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040241.
Full textBreton's keen interest in savage cultures has not very been taken into account yet. Nevertheless, primitive thinking (a definition of primitive is given) is one of the fundamental ideological concepts of surrealism. Refusing western values leads surrealists to use other cultural references, especially those of the primitive. To get to know the savage worlds, Breton rejects exotism, uses ethnology cautiously. By automatic writing, he explores the primitive layers of the psyche. But it is the magical dialogue with the savage object which really allows access to emotional knowledge. Surrealism inherited from European "avant-gardes" primitivism, contemporary to snobbish pro-negroism, can sometimes be influenced by racist stereotypes. But Breton stands out by a greater wariness towards these commonplace images. After 1925, the surrealists follow the communist party on anti-colonialism and they give up the sterile hubbub of their beginning. The break from the party cannot be avoided when, about 1935, Breton insists on the cultural specificity of the colonized peoples. Surrealists believe that the message from the savage cultures can be grasped. According to them, the west should reinstate the political functions of the myth. The primitive model provides the likeable image of a society naturally rooted in artistical and psychological values which surrealists crave for. From the Canary Islands to Mexico and Haiti, Breton chants the "ultra-sensitive" areas of primeval tropical nature. He spots signal-places and reads this cryptogram through a poetical screen and the peculiarities of a primitive mentality. The conclusion shows that reception of the so-called surrealist primitivism is rather unfavorable. Yet, this notion partly translates Breton’s attitude, for whom the primitive model gives way more towards revolution than passeism
Grahmann, Simone. "Le réel chez André Breton." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030088.
Full textThis study examines the notion of real in the thought, the life, and the works of André Breton. The goal of surrealism is to explore man and existence, to orient him towards the recovery of the totality of his potential and to reestablish what is supposed as an absolute state of things : the "surreal". For Breton, the thème of the real is an existential issue : his entire intellectual and practical enterprise testifies to his will to uncover the secret of the real (human and universal) in order to construct a society based on the truth of man. Breton's point of departure towards that absolute reality is the change in the mind's perception of this real, a change which must be created in the bringing together and confrontation of antinomies resulting from dualist thought. .
Asari, Makoto. "André Breton et le Sacré : essai sur Breton selon quelques thèmes religieux." Paris 3, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA03A089.
Full textMussard, Jean-Dominique. "L'oeil, les jeux du regard, représentations et fonctions dans l'oeuvre poétique d'André Breton." Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO2006.
Full textDelibasic, Spomenka. "L'héritage de la fin du XVIIIe siècle et des lumières finissantes (1780-1820) dans les oeuvres de Breton." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR2014.
Full textThe recurring references to the 18th century as systematically developed in the work of André Breton reveal a profound divergence from the conventional descriptions given to the Age of Enlightenment. The interest and inclination of Breton lead no to a vision of the century which implies a radical departure from established traditions. It is truly another 18th century which appears, an 18th century where the traditional texts considered as the standard give way to new ideas : Sade and the gothic novel, the visionaries, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Rétif de la Bretonne and Sébastien Mercier. The legacy of the 18th in Breton’s work can, in large measure, be encompassed by the questions of esotericism and mysticism, present at the end of the 18th century. For Breton, the gothic novel provides the main source of inspiration for renewing the imagination
Haret, Sharon. "L’image poétique chez André Breton." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040154.
Full textThis thesis deals with the Surrealist image particularly as it is used in André Breton's poetry. Although it is difficult to reduce the Surrealist verbal image to a simple formula, the aim of this study is to ascertain whether it is possible to identify distinctive characteristics of the Surrealist image. To begin with Pierre Reverdy's famous definition of the poetic image is considered as a definition of the Surrealist image. However the examination of a few examples shows that Reverdy's defintion does not apply in particular to Surrealist images. Other means of isolating the hypothetical distinctive features are therefore sought. Given the obscurity of many Surrealist images a formal approach was adopted. The approach was very much influenced by Michele Prandi's vision of metaphor as incoherent language involving the outside world and syntactic structures. Accordingly, Surrealist images were compared to non Surrealist images in the same construction. Some features pertaining to particular structures were noticed, some to several structures
Hulpoi, Claudia simona. "André Breton et Mircea Eliade : espaces du non-dit : schémas communs au surréalisme et à l'anthropologie religieuse." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE1109.
Full textThe dialogue between André Breton and Mircea Eliade is certainly unusual. However, as Eliade‟s Diary, Autobiography and Trial of the labyrinth testify, the two men met in 1948. Their conversation, which “slips” towards hermetism and occult techniques, seems to have been captivating. Moreover, after 1948 the allusions to the surrealism become quite frequent in Eliade‟s work. The structure of this thesis follows the landmarks of their actual encounter. Firstly, the dialogue between the Poet and the Scientist is symbolic for the epistemological situation of a period that, by its opening to mystery, makes the shift from the positivism of the XIXth century to postmodernism. The first chapter, Religious anthropology and surrealism: science and truth, tries to trace the signs of this change in the conceptions of the two authors. Specialists of the sacred in the XXth century focuses on the encodings of this “mystery”, insofar as they nourished, by means of similar readings, the works of the two personalities. René Guénon‟s esoterism and Sigmund Freud „s psychoanalysis serve as reference points in the attempt to define the ideological positions adopted by Breton and Eliade on the territory of the unknown which was then offered to the modern perception. Soteriological patterns are intended as a deeper incursion into the blanks of this conversation: the shamanism, the yoga and the alchemy studied by Eliade are in turn related to the theoretical and technical elements that the surrealism seems to have transposed in the distinctive language of its art
Kasaï, Kaori. "André Breton et la folie." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070085.
Full textHow should we approach the role played by madness in the writings of André Breton? Can we accept the proposition that there is no distinction therein between 'madness and non-madness'? Breton's position with regard to mad people was always that it is not the 'mad' who should feel guilty about their condition, but society, which creates a narrow caricature of madness. Beyond that interpretation it seems that Breton felt a kind of sympathy for mad people, and as a verbal artist may have been willing to let himself enter states of creative frenzy. By examining two dimensions of madness in Breton's writings, on the one hand crime (as acts of madness), and on the other the language of the mad (which inspired the Surrealist method of automatic writing), we shed light on a new consciousness of madness brought about by Breton. Horrendous crimes were of interest to him, not only because of their social background, but for a kind of 'black humour' that could be seen in them - humour somewhat related to that in works by Sade or Lautréamont, writers favoured by Breton. With regard to language, Breton formed a theory in his writings of the 1920's, then further developed it in the 1930's (as L'Immaculée Conception, for instance, shows). Furthermore, during those decades there was great progress in medical psychiatry, in particular in studies of automatism and the language practices of mad people. Those studies may well have served Breton's poetics. Conversely, after World War II, some psychiatrists proposed that Surrealism itself had made major contributions to addressing some of the fundamental questions of psychiatry, such as the value, the meaning and the limits of madness
Saito, Tetsuya. "Pratiques de la citation dans les textes d'André Breton." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070083.
Full textFrom where does come this strange feeling the surrealist texts causes us? They entice us all the more extremely that they disconcert us. This effect is reinforced as we cross this peculiar space where rustles a mysteriously plural voice: texts weaved by quotations, with words which belong to other people. The present study has as objectives to analyze the texts of André Breton from the point of view of quotation - in the double sense bf the term: form and practice - and to seize which writing strategy is there in action. From Anthologie de l'humour noir, text put together and "bricolé" with blow of heterogeneous and restricted elements, we enter the attentive decoding of deliberately discontinuous texts and try to understand what occurs through them. Research not of a new concept, but of new ways of thinking how surrealists write, this thesis tries to follow as close as possible the "phantom" which lives in texts of André Breton, who is undoubtedly not an identifiable entity, but an effect which occurs each time the practice of the quotation practices
Shindô, Hisano. "Les écrits sur l’art d’André Breton : 1920-1944." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20060.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to examine the writings of Andre Breton on the arts between the first years of his career and the end of The Second World War. If Surrealism began as a movement of literature, it goes without saying that arts have occupied an essential place in this group. Obviously, the success of the surrealism in the field of art is encouraged by the passion of Breton in this area. The art works inspired Breton to write many texts. A part of these texts is generally regarded as “art critic”. However the reflections of the writer on the art is not confined to this genre. Some essays and autobiographical stories tell episodes created by the art works. In addition, the artistic question may take the main place in the argumentative and theoretical texts.The writings of Breton may be located in the filiation of the modern poetry, from Baudelaire to contemporary poets as Jacques Dupin or Bernard Noël. These texts discuss the competitive relation between poetry and painting. The texts of Breton don’t try to give the superiority to the verbal expression rather than to the visual representation or vice versa, but to point out the interlacing of language and image. Far from seeking to find a coherent concept of the writer concerning the field of art, our analysis tries to show how the visual images have influence on the writing of Breton. In the first part, we will focus on the reflections of Breton on the art in the 1920s, the development of which crossed the borders of genres of texts. In the next part, we will find that a more important place is given in the 1930s to research on the visual representations, which then relate directly the main concerns of the writer : unconscious desire, its revelation and realization. The last part will be devoted to the contribution of visual representations in the “myth of Surrealism”, which occupied the important place in the concerns of the group during the 1940s. Following the evolution of Breton’s reflections on the plastic art in chronological order, our analysis will show that the activity of Breton around the visual art had a close relationship with his writing. The interest both for the plastic arts and for the poetry does not lead to proclaim the supremacy of one over the other, still less to pretend to the fusion of the two areas. Inseparable from the writing, but always outside or rather at the margin of the wrigting, the visual representations have the effect of putting the writings in question. However, such a discrepancy between texts and images implies the participation of the reader-spectator who, is invited to magnetic field of the Surrealism
Suzuki, Masao. "Le hasard objectif dans l'oeuvre d'André Breton : phénomènes et théorie." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070051.
Full textThe notion of "objective chance" defined by andre breton expresses, not the miraculous realisation of a desire pre-existing the event, but the undoing of such a desire, simultaneous to the invention of a new desire. By tracing the transformation of the semantic structure of the account describing a "coincidence", we demonstrate, on the one hand, that this definition applies to the main "autobiographical" accounts of breton and to l'amour fou in particular where the meeting with jacqueline lamba enables him to annul a series of significations linked to a "lost woman" and to stress anther series of significations given to a "new woman". We shall see, on the other hand, that the very word "objective" was chosen by breton to stress the absolute exteriority of the event in regard to the network of significations which supported the imaginary world of the subject before that event. The objective chance is therefore defined, not as the projection of our desire in a real event, but as a total reorganisation of the semantic networks which condition this projective process
Graulle, Christophe. "André Breton et la notion d'humour noir : une révolte supérieure de l'esprit." Montpellier 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON30009.
Full textFlahutez, Fabrice. "Nouveau monde et nouveau mythe : mutations du surréalisme de l'exil américain (1941) à "l'écart absolu" (1965)." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010600.
Full textBoucharenc, Myriam. "L'échec et son double : Philippe Soupault romancier." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100148.
Full textAuthor with Andre Breton of les champs magnetiques, Philippe Soupault is a famous name whose works, in particular novels, are still unknown. After a brilliant career as a novelist, a poet and an essayist, he moves away from literature at the beginning of the thirties. Fascinated by the destiny of Rimbaud and Lautreamout, the novelist expresses the desire of an ideal rupture that could transform himself into another. But the myth of such a magnificent failure which has guided his writing has steadily turned into sacrifice of the works. This singular problematic of failure leads to a psychoanalytic study of the novels: the figures of destiny, melancholia, mourning imaginary of parents. . . And their ellects on the poetic of the writter
Hulpoi, Claudia simona. "André Breton et Mircea Eliade : espaces du non-dit : schémas communs au surréalisme et à l'anthropologie religieuse." Thesis, Orléans, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE1109.
Full textThe dialogue between André Breton and Mircea Eliade is certainly unusual. However, as Eliade‟s Diary, Autobiography and Trial of the labyrinth testify, the two men met in 1948. Their conversation, which “slips” towards hermetism and occult techniques, seems to have been captivating. Moreover, after 1948 the allusions to the surrealism become quite frequent in Eliade‟s work. The structure of this thesis follows the landmarks of their actual encounter. Firstly, the dialogue between the Poet and the Scientist is symbolic for the epistemological situation of a period that, by its opening to mystery, makes the shift from the positivism of the XIXth century to postmodernism. The first chapter, Religious anthropology and surrealism: science and truth, tries to trace the signs of this change in the conceptions of the two authors. Specialists of the sacred in the XXth century focuses on the encodings of this “mystery”, insofar as they nourished, by means of similar readings, the works of the two personalities. René Guénon‟s esoterism and Sigmund Freud „s psychoanalysis serve as reference points in the attempt to define the ideological positions adopted by Breton and Eliade on the territory of the unknown which was then offered to the modern perception. Soteriological patterns are intended as a deeper incursion into the blanks of this conversation: the shamanism, the yoga and the alchemy studied by Eliade are in turn related to the theoretical and technical elements that the surrealism seems to have transposed in the distinctive language of its art
Fahey, Joseph. "Le problème du monde dans la poésie surréaliste : Breton, Éluard, Soupault (1919-1932)." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030049.
Full textThe surréalisme has often been perceived, in accord with Sartre's evaluation of the movement, as the expression of a negation of the real world. Surrealist poetry, because of the logical and semantic incoherence that defines it, has in the same way been interpreted as reflexive word-play and being devoid of any referential orientation. This study reevaluates surrealism's thought on the world and its engagement in reality on the basis of the movement's principal theoretical texts, and through a thematic reading of the poetic corpus. The analysis establishes a theory of reading whose methods are inspired by Husserl's phenomenology, which it applies to the poems of André Breton, Paul Éluard and Philippe Soupault (1919-1932), seeking to renew the interpretation of the relationship between text and representation. The surrealist poem is studied in terms of the problematic constitution of its objet and the experience of the very structures that build and unbuild what we call the world
Belardi, Philippe. "Un usage particulier de la psychanalyse : André Breton, penseur de Freud." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR2024.
Full textWhat knowledge did André Breton have about psychoanalysis in order to consider it the “muse of surrealism”? What were the crucial elements of this movement established by Breton himself that allowed him to forge a method for exploring the unconscious - a complementary and even superior method to psychoanalysis, the novelty scientific discipline born in the first decades of the 20th century? This project explores what place and status the artist could assume from scientific point of view, accepting the premise that the artist has been refused, for a very long time, the possibility to inquire into the nature and functioning of human psyche, and thus to offer answers to existential questions. The latter sums up the essence of the surrealist project and efforts - a bid for the reinstitution of imagination and poetry to a place that has been illegitimately overtaken by reason.Even if Freud seemingly agrees that artists possess certain precious qualities able to inspire explorers of psychoanalysis, and if imagination admittedly occupies an important place in his subjects’ psyche (two major facts that attract the young André Breton), the Viennese psychiatrist has always been faithful to the rationalist and positivist thought which dominates his century. Reason should be able to triumph over dream, fantasy and all that is imaginary in order to construct an identical reality accessible to all, according to the universal principle. In this perspective, there could be no dialogue or even any understanding between Freud and Breton, a discord which, ultimately, would not discourage the impetuous desire and willingness of the surrealist poet to establish a bridge between the imaginary and the reality by the means of what Freud would call “the unconscious”. What is more, to understand the points of convergence and divergence between the Freudian and the Bretonian thought which would allow for the full comprehension of the richness and depth of the surrealist theory, it is useful to highlight other influences on Breton’s perception and understanding of psychoanalysis. Influences such as the associationism of Taine bearing the mark of Condillac’s sensualism, or even Nerval’s symbolism and mythology, served as the basis for the fundamental notion which permeated the framework of the surrealist thought: the desire. Looking at the concept of desire would best allow to measure the rift between surrealism and psychoanalysis, or at least to measure a certain philosophy of desire akin to both freudism and surrealism. It is therefore this conceptual point, desire, which would allow these two artistic and scientific disciplines to acknowledge the distance between them, a distance spanning from intimate to abysmal, separating the artist and the scientist in the way they define (ethos), live (pathos) and express (logos) desire
Rémy, Ariane-Rachel. "Beau comme la rencontre fortuite. . . Entre breton et freud : la psychiatrie et la psychanalyse dans l'oeuvre d'andre breton." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR1M182.
Full textVlasie, Diana. "Invention du surréalisme et découverte critique du baroque." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070003.
Full textBorn in the late sixteenth century, baroque art and literature remains unknown for nearly two hundred years. It is not until the late nineteenth century that it is rediscovered and that the concept of baroque emerges to define it. While French researchers gradually begin to appropriate this object of study during the twentieth century, surrealism rises as a movement and ceaselessly seeks predecessors previously excluded from the history of literature vehiculated in academia. Without defending a transhistorical vision of baroque, this thesis looks at the influence on surrealism of the modern concept of baroque and explores the affinities between baroque and surrealist artists and writers. The study of the reception of baroque allows to first understand what corresponded to the notion of baroque when surrealism was still in its infancy, up until the first half of the thirties. This research goes on to show how the practice of automatism that characterizes the beginnings of surrealism is marked by a purely baroque theatricality, as defined by the first specialists. The baroque and surrealist vision of theater is then analyzed to demonstrate the presence of elements common to baroque and surrealist authors. Finally, the surrealist marvelous is placed in parallel with the baroque meraviglia, through the question of cabinet of curiosities, the surrealist image and the baroque conceit, as well as the process of anamorphosis
Aribit, Frédéric. "André Breton, Georges Bataille : à l'impossible tenus... : essai d'une confrontation interprétative des romans familiaux jusqu'à la seconde guerre mondiale." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU1005.
Full textThe aim that has been given to this work is to start one more time the comparison between André Breton and Georges Bataille, starting from the premise of an original way of communication whose direct dialogue is but one of the forms, and trying to clarify its issues in the successively concerned fields of knowledge. Its –diachronic- reasoning starts from the family novels and ends at the beginning of World War II, after a community fervour on each side collapsed, opening a completely different period of the same exchange. It thus goes through a wide period of the history of that comparison, which, among others, deals with the conditions in which they met, how they met with psychoanalysis, the way their philosophical positioning or their ideological inscription on the fringe of the revolutionary left developed. This general approach helps think again about, among others, two especially crucial moments of the discussion, i. E. The violent climax of their 1929-1930 disagreement, and their 1935 attempt to get closer again, on the basis of a political reactivation of the myth. More generally, it invites to ask the question of the relationship to language and poetry, and questions about the incentive to write, suggesting at the same time a crossed foray into the major narrative works of the time. Such a work, as it seems, goes beyond the “literary thing” in the strict sense of the term, or rather takes its place at the meeting point of a set of topics related to the social sciences (philosophy, politics, psychoanalysis, art…), precisely where the global thought about man that each of them will have decided to lead is fixed
Hasegawa, Akiko. "Le rôle du primitivisme dans la pensée esthétique d' André Breton entre 1920 et 1942." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070005.
Full textTheoretician of Surrealism, André Breton (1896-1966) places his interest in primitive at the core of his thinkings and writings. In his writings, especially in his criticism of art, he frequently mentions the works of art called "primitive" (the Italian primitives, primitive arts, naive art and prehistoric art), the primitive image, the primitive mentality and the primitive condition of society. Most of his reflections on this term cast a protest of society's values of his time, often represented by rational and systematic thought. His persistent reference to the primitive is principally aesthetic, political and mythical. Structured around these three aspects of primitivism, this thesis aims to trace the entire evolution of the role of "primitive" and "primitivism" in Breton's aesthetic thinkings and also indicate the specificity of his thinkings during the inter-war
Chartier, Jean. "Philippe Soupault : le choix de la prose durant la décennie 1917-1927." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080960.
Full textThis thesis establishes three cycles for the dialogical writing of philippe soupault with louis aragon and andre breton. Prose is used as the language of the unconscious, but also as the language of the writing interpolated by the other, addressed tp him, provoking him too. During a dsecade, there is a continual interaction between the writing of the three co-authors. The repositionning of one with regard to the other is really the fiction's subject matter. We will start from the first text published, one referring to rimbaud, also from a manifesto-poem written in intertextuality with apollinaire, and from a narrative expressing the forbidden and the unknown. We will consider the automatic writing of philippe soupault with regard to that of andre breton, but also what other is writen elsewhere by the three writers ins this regard, during this time period. All soupault's fiction appears to be fiction about auto0matic writing and its consequences. The fiction concerns three texts which were written in duality and the depossession of these texts. Poetry is used to introuce each new cycle of dialogical writing but only prose is allowed to state the reality of the inexpressible and the unknown. And when the rext ceases to take the two other authors in consideration, the prose becomes silent in soupault's final reference to rimbaud
Kang, Eun-ja. "La négation du monde réel : du désir à la perversion chez André Breton et Yi Sang." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOL001.
Full textMagon, Irène. "Espaces fermés et mondes infinis : Savinio (1891-1952) surréaliste." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040090.
Full textThe relationship between reality and dreams is the basis of art and thought of Savinio and the French surrealists: the Italian author is able to travel beyond the confines of this world reflecting theories of the French Movement. Breton and Savinio are two subversive “children” that love the present even if they converse with the past, two misfits who rise up against the constituted order: their arms are the writing and literature. It begins refusal of all the present and preceding literature in the name of a new and free art; a revolutionary art. But Savinio does not adapt to any label: convergences and affinities are possible thanks to the modern and highly alert sensibility. The position of Savinio and De Chirico is less radical regarding the programs of the surrealists, who take advantage of a literary and cultural tradition, more libertarian and one that has a more direct acquaintance of the psychoanalysis. The metaphysical art has placed conditions for the developments of surrealism and for its graft in Italian earth: Breton considers founders of surrealism the two siblings de Chirico
Bazin, Laurent. "De la fureur des symboles à l'empire des signes : le récit emblématique en France de 1928 à 1970 (Breton, Gracq, Butor)." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040315.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to point out typical features of the aesthetics common to surrealism and the renaissance's emblematics. The first part will analyze the similarities between the twentieth century "collages" and the structure of emblem books from sixteenth to seventeenth century: in both cases the quest for a new language may be seen to have links with the replacement of symbolism and theological thought with semiotics and the arbitrariness of the linguistic sing. We will then study how Breton’s, Gracq's and Butor's works coincide with a reappearance of the emblematic mode, in the way that the grounds and purposes of symbolism are displayed yet questioned through writing. The last part deals with the treatment of space, time and myths in these texts; man is shown as an "homo emblematicus" torn between his fascination for symbols and the silence of the signs
Troche, Sarah. "Le hasard comme méthode : pratiques et théorisations de l'aléatoire dans l'art et la musique du XXe siècle." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010675.
Full textRomano, Pace Alba. "Endre Rozsda : la pluralité du regard surréaliste." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010560.
Full text«The eye exists in its privative state. [...] but who is to draw up the scale of vision ?» By the question which initiates "Surrealism and painting", Breton revealed how complex is to provide a definition of a surrealist painter. The book's title itself is symptomatic : Breton did not write about the surrealist painting but about surrealism and painting. He associated different painters who shared a vision close to the surrealist poetic. He never specified how this vision is expressed on art. What is the element that makes a work of art a surrealist work of art ? Focusing on the concept of "absolute automatism", introduced in the 1939, these doctoral studies wish to clarify how the Breton's theory of automatism and the Matta's theory of "Morphological psychologies" are intertwined and led to the surrealist painting of : "lnners worlds" which resulted into the American abstract expressionism. Endre Rozsda is a part of the artistes who had choice this way. On "Surrealism and painting" his name is associate with painters like : Dominguez, Matta, Paalen. The Hungarian artist joined the movernent in the 1957. His work bridged the deep-rooted imaginary world of Hungary and the surrealism. Focusing on the historical context, this thesis wishes to highlight the importance of the Rozsda's art in the Hungarian as well as in the European culture. In addition it investigates on a relationship between Breton and the artists of the European School and it is analyzed, by inedited documentations, the lack of an official surrealist movement in Budapest. Moreover, this work aim to prove how the Rozsda's painting after the Second War World represent a rare example of surrealist automatist Hungarian art
Sebbag, Georges. "Les durées automatiques." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010535.
Full textL'Homme, Olivia. "L'Âge d'or et l'Éternel retour : autour d'Octavio Paz et d'André Breton." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040211.
Full text"The golden age, the lost paradise which was offered to us all, illuminates some of the most beautiful pages of André Breton’s works", declared Octavio Paz in the preface to "Je vois, j'imagine", (1992), dedicated to André Breton. The golden age and its corollary theme the eternal return both gravitated for a whole generation around three main ideals: love-poetry-revolution, (substituting the trilogy of peace-abundance-justice). Beyond the beautifully interwoven contemplation on time in which the works of Paz invite us, these two themes underline the problems and conflicts between nature and civilization, the "question des châteaux" as André Breton named it. Therefore, what can be the role of poetry in a society which is sinking deeper and deeper into a dark suffocating opaque materialism? Not the return to the original waters but nevertheless the research of a condition which reconciles us momentarily with our exile from paradise: poetry permits the reconciliation between the three different aspects of time. In fact, an instant of time is a conjunction between the past and the future, an active poetical instant in which time opens its door: life and death in undissolvable unity. For as Octavio Paz recently declared, "the confirmation that the poetical instant could be found in our experience of love, in the poetical experience and in our lust for revolt, was for me, the most important lesson of the surrealist movement", (cf. Détours d'écriture, p. 57)
Belin, Olivier. "René Char et le surréalisme." Paris 4, 2008. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=https://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=obiMS01.
Full textRené Char officially belonged to the surrealist movement from 1930 to 1934. For all that, did the movement have a profound impact on his poetry ? This thesis sets out to answer in the affirmative by reconsidering the place of surrealism in the whole corpus published by Char from 1928 to 1988, in the light of unpublished correspondences or manuscripts. In the first part, it is a chronological study of the pre-war books which shows how the surrealist stage enabled Char, by attraction or repulsion, to form his own aesthetic and intellectual positions. The second part examines all of the post-war texts from different angles so as to reveal the persistence of the surrealist heritage, since Char constantly goes back to surrealism to define the meaning of his works, poetics, political tendencies, ethical thoughts or stylistic choices. Thus Char’s evolution provides a remarkable example of the dissemination of surrealism in the twentieth century French poetry
Maenosono, Nozomu. "André Breton et les Grands Transparents : la genèse d'un mythe." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2024.
Full textOur study focuses on the “myth of the Great Invisibles” presented by André Breton (1896-1966) for the first time in the “Prolegomena to a Third Manifesto of Surrealism or Else” in 1942. The first section of the thesis demonstrates the conditions of the birth of this myth. The leader of the surrealist movement expands his poetic perspective through his own artistic practice; this expansion is necessary to allow the perception of these hypothetical beings. In the second section, we show that our mythographer quietly develops their images in his poems, as he announces in the “Prolegomena”. Initially, it was the Great Invisibles of the “war type”, marked by fire, which were mainly described in his poems; however, those who preside over “luck”, marked by water, appear later to channel the people’s frustration, which the routine work of capitalistic society accumulated in their subconscious. Thus, the myth is gradually deepened in Breton’s imagination. The third section elucidates his specific mythical thought. Indeed, he starts to mention the “collective myth” in 1935 and the “new myth” in 1942; these two myths both develop through works of art. However, while the former can be an object of a conscious operation, we cannot intervene intentionally in the second. After that analysis, we note also that the myth of the Great Invisibles is publicly diffused thanks to the automatism of the myth’s growth. To trigger this automatism, Breton consciously avoids explaining in detail the myth; instead, he juxtaposes the three different models of existence of the Great Invisibles in the “Prolegomena”: “inclusion model”, “foreign model” and “mimesis model”. At each attempt to interpret the myth, the image of the Great Invisibles appears somewhere among these three centers of gravity. Many variations of the myth occur and are transmitted both inside and outside of the surrealist movement, following the automatism of the myth’s growth. In conclusion, we find that the myth of the Great Invisibles remains relevant in Breton’s eyes even after World War II
Panchón, Hidalgo Marian. "Traducción, censura y recepción de la literatura surrealista francesa en España (1959-1975)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20083.
Full textThis doctoral thesis aims to analyze the translation, censorship and reception of six literary works of the surrealist writers Louis Aragon and André Breton in Spain during the period of Second Francoism (1959-1975). The translation of Aragon’s and Breton’s books in Spain can be perceived as one of the signs of the opening of Spanish society that begins in the ‘60s, around the end of Francoism, and announces the end of this authoritarian regime and the democratic transition of the country. In its own way, this translation occurs alongside other manifestations of this openness: the rise of tourism that puts Spanish society in contact with varied political cultures and with different lifestyles, greater tolerance regarding religion, greater freedom from traditional moral norms, political pluralism, the influence of Marxism, etc.The books of our corpus, that the regime considered dangerous, had been criticized and censored by the dictatorship’s entire censor apparatus during this late period even as these publications were finally being read in Spain. Before examining the censorship files of these texts at the Archivo General de la Administración (AGA) in Alcalá de Henares, we firstly looked for information about the publishing houses and translators interested in the publication of the authors accused of being dissidents and Marxists by the dictatorship.We then conducted a meticulous analysis of the texts in order to compare the original text to the target text and determine if any previous self-censorship was done by translators or publishing houses.We dedicated a part of our thesis to the study of translation mistakes: inadequacies that affect the source text’s comprehension (omission, false sense, inconsistency, nonsense, not the same sense, addition, suppression, poorly resolved extralinguistic/cultural reference), inadequacies that affect the target language expression (orthography and punctuation, grammar, lexical, textual aspects and writing) and pragmatic inadequacies (the chosen method and the textual genre and its conventions, etc.). We have also examined the reception of these works in the ABC conservative newspaper as well as in the Triunfo progressive literary magazine in order to observe the reception of these publications in Spain during this transitional period
Este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la traducción, censura y recepción de seis obras de los escritores surrealistas Louis Aragon y André Breton en España durante el segundo franquismo (1959-1975).Las traducciones de los libros de Aragon y de Breton en España pueden percibirse como uno de los signos de la apertura de la sociedad española que se inicia en los años sesenta, hacia el final del franquismo, y que anuncia el fin de este régimen autoritario y la transición democrática del país. La traducción de estos autores puede inscribirse dentro de otras manifestaciones características de dicha apertura: el auge del turismo, que pone en contacto a la sociedad española con otras culturas políticas y con estilos de vida diferentes, una mayor tolerancia relativa a la religión, una mayor libertad de costumbres, un pluralismo político, la influencia del marxismo, etc. Las publicaciones de nuestro corpus, que el régimen tildó de peligrosas, fueron criticadas y censuradas por el aparato censor, aunque finalmente estos textos pudieron ver la luz en España durante esta última etapa de la dictadura. Antes de examinar los expedientes de censura de estos libros en el Archivo General de la Administración (AGA) en Alcalá de Henares, hemos buscando primero información sobre las editoriales y los traductores interesados en publicar a estos escritores, acusados de ser disidentes y marxistas por la dictadura. Además, hemos realizado un minucioso análisis con el fin de comparar el texto original con el texto meta para así saber si existió una autocensura previa. También hemos dedicado una parte de nuestra tesis al estudio de los errores de traducción: las inadecuaciones que afectan a la comprensión del texto original (omisión, falso sentido, contrasentido, sin sentido, no el mismo sentido, adición, supresión, referencia extranlingüística/cultural mal resuelta e inadecuación de variación lingüística),las inadecuaciones que afectan la expresión en la lengua de llegada (ortografía y puntuación, gramática, léxico, aspectos textuales y redacción) y las inadecuaciones pragmáticas (el método elegido y el género textual y sus convenciones, etc.). Asimismo, hemos examinado la recepción de estas obras en el periódico conservador ABC y en la revista literaria progresista Triunfo con el objetivo de observar la recepción de estas publicaciones en España durante este período de cambio
Sangouard-Berdeaux, Céline. "Pensée et écriture du sublime Breton, Bataille, Blanchot et Gracq (1924-1969)." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070011.
Full textDespite a deep and enduring disaffection in thought and artistic création from the end of the 19th century. The sublime, a category at the junction of rhetorics. Aesthetics and philosophy. Is used again by several art and literature thinkers in the last third of the 20th century (J. F. Lyotard. J. Derrida. J. L. Nancy, etc). At the extent of being sometimes presented as the privileged read mode of 20th century art. This thesis sets out to observe to which extent. Although the authors themselves don't claim to belong to an aesthetic of the sublime, the works of Breton. Bataille. Blanchot and Gracq come close to such aesthetic and meamvhile renew its meaning. Its stakes and its implications. This work First sets out to analyze in setting these works back in context. The political dimension of such aesthetic and to highlight the influence of the Terror as a myth of writing in the work s of Breton. Bataille, Blanchot. And to a lesser extent. Gracq. Subsequently. This study shows how these works. Influenced by new psvchoanalytic sciences and the development of anthropological and prehistoric knowledge proceed to a reversal of the traditional movement and values of the sublime and which are constructed as a quest for an original sublime situated on this side of Man even more than in any afterlife. The last two parts study the two types of aesthetics that emanate from this corpus: an aesthetic of the sublime \\hich is positive \\ith Breton and Gracq and negative with Bataille and Blanchot
Harada, Misao. "La Cohérence du texte chez André Breton. Une étude de quatre oeuvres : Nadja, Les Vases communicants, L’Amour fou et Arcane 17." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030038.
Full textThis study aims at clarifying the textual coherence in four autobiographical narratives of the Surrealist Poet André Breton: Nadja, Les Vases communicants, L’Amour fou and Arcane 17, which we propose to call “bretonian tetralogy”. Our main thesis is the central importance, in this “tetralogy”, of acts and means of convincing the reader of the genuineness of Surrealism. And the author succeeds in establishing a dynamic tête-à-tête relation with his reader, which endows each narrative with its inward coherence. Photography plays a key role in this rhetoric scheme, and we put forward the interpretation of “bretonian tetralogy” as a variation of 19th century’s illustrated book modernized by the medium and visualization device. On the basis of Freud’s theory about dream and theatricality, we demonstrate that these narratives must be considered as virtual theatres since incorporated theatricality is a way of reminding and exploiting, in the shape of a text, the discourse situation underway between communication partners; Breton and his reader
Pompa, Anne. "Le grand oeuvre poétique de Julien Gracq ou la rêverie alchimique d'un écrivain." Montpellier 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON30003.
Full textSt-Pierre, Émilie. "Le surréalisme et la peinture d'André Breton : pour une nouvelle esthétique surréaliste." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30585.
Full textKunesova, Mariana. "L'absurde dans le théâtre français Dada et présurréaliste." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30010/document.
Full textThe aim of this doctoral dissertation is to analyze the absurd as an aesthetic category in French Dada and pre-surrealist theatre between 1916 and 1923, dealing with three texts : La Première aventure céleste de Monsieur Antipyrine by Tristan Tzara (1916), S’il vous plaît, by André Breton et Philippe Soupault (written in 1919) and Les Mystères de l’amour by Roger Vitrac (written in 1923).The absurd as a theatre and drama category was examined especially at the half of the last century by the British drama critic Martin Esslin, author of the conception of the ‘theatre of the absurd’, created in order to caracterize and explain the avant-garde theatre of the 1950´s. This contribution has reached both popularity and deep critics, being considered as poignant as well as imprecise and vague. Thus, this dissertation does not use M. Esslin´s propositions as its starting point, bur attempts to define the category of the absurd in drama and theatre independently. In the conclusion, it proceeds to a comparison with M. Esslin´s contribution.The first chapter of the thesis defines the absurd as an aesthetic and theatre category. Then, it observes the evolution of the aesthetic absurd (named as such or intuitive) in theatre history, before all in France of the post-classical period. The second part analyzes the absurd elements in my corpus, as regards narrative and also discursive structures
Desvaux, Marie-Francine Mansour. "Le surréalisme à travers Joyce Mansour : peinture et poésie, le miroir du désir." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010520/document.
Full textJoyce Manour 's work is a striking, sometimes anguishing example of Breton's concept of « communicating vessels » : the subconscious's hidden wounds seep into her writing leaving traces of desire, death and an inextinguishable yet desparate will to live. Parallel to this, the very visual, camal nature of her words provides a « mirror of desire » which enables the intimate echoing between her poetry and the works of her artist friends. Through their collaborations, they sublimate, enhance, comment on and illustrate each other. Each in their own way, they share the same anguish. commit the same transgressions, exercise the sa me freedom. Art and poetry connect deeply. This thesis aims to follow the symbiosis between images, words and experiences which characterises Joyce Mansours work. It reveals itself in the collection of Oceanic art she built up with her husbanc, Samir Mansour ; in the Objets méchants she created using material gleaned from scrapyards or bought at the BHV ... which express a need to intensify daily life, seek its essence in order to escape tedium ; in the elective affinities she shares with with the artists that enrich her works, as she does theirs. This « mirror of desire» is both personal - an expression of the poetess' s destiny, haunted by death and its traumas - and collective, as it seems to reflect the phantasmagorical landscape of a generation hungry for freedom, but haunted, like Joyce Mansour, by the mass graves of successive wars, and in rebellion against the non-life of the living
Nachtergael, Magali. "Esthétique des mythologies individuelles : le dispositif photographique de Nadja à Sophie Calle." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00640863.
Full textAbolgassemi, Maxime. "Pour une poétique du hasard objectif : étude analytique de ses motifs d’écriture (Nerval, Strindberg et Breton)." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040236.
Full textAndré Breton elaborated the notion of "objective chance" from 1928 by describing disturbing coincidences in his life (Nadja, Les Vases communicants and l'Amour fou). We do make the hypothesis that it sets up a real literary project, that can be examined by focusing on its concatenations (the motives). We will therefore include the previous works of Gérard de Nerval (Aurélia) and August Strindberg (Inferno and Legends) in the purpose to explore our second hypothesis that the objective chance could be assigned to a precise period (around 1850-1950). What is the significance of this objective chance writing project ? How can we understand such multiformity in the text production and grasp their deep and coherent articulation ? We will be assisted by other literary or philosophical works (of wich Proust), and specifically thoses, surprisingly pertinent, of Walter Benjamin
Aufraise, Marc. "Salvador Dali et la photographie : portraits du surréalisme (1927-1942)." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01001654.
Full textSourisseau, Valérie. ""La déesse" au XXe siècle : écritures théoriques et poétiques (James Frazer, Jane Harrison, Robert Graves, André Breton, Cesare Pavese, Sylvia Plath)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040170.
Full textThe object of this study is to explore a figure of mythological origin which has been actualized and reinterpreted in the first half of the XXth century by anthropologists first and then, in their wake, by a few poetic works – the Great Goddess of Antiquity, now popularized as the Goddess. From anthropological construction to literary rewriting, the goddess appears as a composite figure, embodying both the idea of the mother and of death. As a woman, she is opposed to man, as a mother-goddess, to the father-god. A whole network of diversely originated representations and narratives develops around her: the narrative of the hero’s confrontation with the Goddess, the theory of prehistoric matriarchy, revelations both sexual and spiritual, the enigma of poetry. Through her, the question of the problematic relations between female gender and humanity is ultimately raised
Bonnot, Marie. "Le récit de rêve des surréalistes à nos jours." Thesis, Paris 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA030006.
Full textThis dissertation aims to present a history of the literary genre of the dream narrative, as it unfolded within French writing throughout the 20th century.The first part of the dissertation is dedicated to epistemology. It shows that in France theories of dreaming influenced literary theory, and vice versa, from the 1920s onwards. We first shed light on that dialectics by analysing the attitude of writers as self-proclaimed dream specialists, as compared with scientists. In doing so, we show the epistemic limitations of these accounts of dreams, as they struggle to qualify as scientific documents. We also delineate the ways in which writers try to assert their legitimacy in the face of scientific and psychoanalytic discourses. Finally, we suggest that literature does contribute to our understanding of dreams by proposing its own singular, specific approach to them. And in return, we show how writers focusing on dreams are led to conceive of their own art in a new way.The second part of the dissertation tackles the aesthetics of dream narratives. It highlights the wide variety of these texts, from surrealistic recollections of dreams by André Breton, Paul Eluard or Robert Desnos, to contemporary fictional short stories by Marcel Béalu or Frédérick Tristan. Conflicted definitions of dream narratives emphasise the non literariness of the genre while others point to its poetic and literary quality. It then focuses on Michel Leiris’s work and the formalistic approach developed by Georges Perec and Raymond Queneau in the 1960s ans 1970s, and eventually identifies Jean Paulhan’s new manner of narrating dreams, which inspired Henri Michaux, Marcel Béalu and Frédérick Tristan. These later texts are not only inspired by true dreams but let us read as if they were.Overall, the thesis emphasises the social and artistic function of the dream, which we apprehend as a means of understanding the enigmatic state of consciousness that is sleep
Barontini, Riccardo. "L’imagination de la littérature, des romantiques à Sartre." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040159.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the concept of imagination in literary theory during the period 1924-1948, in the larger context of the relationship between imagination and literature from the Romantic period on. This work stresses in particular the evolution of the theoretical link between imagination and the cognitive power of literature. The text is composed of two main sections: the first part provides a synthetic consideration of the terms of the intellectual debate around the imagination, through the early twentieth century. Four main subjects are discussed: the conflict between reproductive imagination and creative imagination, the importance of the romantic model, the hermeneutical contribution of human sciences and the problematic dialectics between these latter two elements, in the context of the crisis of legitimacy faced by literature in the interwar period. The second, more analytical part is composed of five monographical chapters dedicated to the theories of imagination developed by five authors: André Breton, Gaston Bachelard, Roger Caillois, Armand Petitjean et Jean-Paul Sartre. This section aims to study both the specificity of these theories and their participation in a common framework. It analyzes the strategies these authors employ to preserve, through the concept of imagination, an epistemological autonomy for literature
Makris, Constantin. "La figure féminine dans l'imaginaire d'André Breton et d’Andréas Embiricos : recherche comparative entre le surréalisme français et le surréalisme grec : l'éternel féminin, source de la mythologie surréaliste, de l'amour fou, de sa révolution, et de la sexualité redécouverte." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040270.
Full textMartah, Mohamed. "La réception critique de Lautréamont et de son oeuvre." Paris 12, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA120032.
Full textA challenge. This is how the reading of ducasse's work could be qualified. The hermetisme of his poetical works seems to discourage even the hermetically experienced readers, but which, in reality, invites them to taste <> whitch are les chants. . . And poesies. From challenge to risk, from risk to interpretation, from interpretation to the history readings, such is the progress of the critical reception of lautreamont and his works. From an aesthetic experience to anather, lautreamont proves more and more accessible and more and more readable. Thanks to critical works of leon bloy, andre breton, salvador dali, gaston bachelard, maurice blanchot, philippe sollers, and many others, the reading of ducasse's poetical works materializes in a production of critical texts. They attest to the reception of lautreamont, to his eminent place in the process of reading
Menou, Hervé. "La prise de possession de l'espace et la projection vers l'avenir dans l'oeuvre de Julien Gracq." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120103.
Full textIt is now possible to have a global vision of gracq's works. As julien gracq stopped writing fiction after 1970, the features of the investment of the self and the main axes of the imaginary can be defined by taking into account the novelistic, poetic, critical, autobiographical aspects. In order to throughly understand the writing modes of the gracq self, it is necessary to study the writer's relationship towards literature and andre breton's emblematic figure. Like in traditional autobiographies, gracqian writing neither dismisses the filiations in the strict sense of the word nor the more literary ones, built and imagined. Gracqian writing proposes a somewhat classical pattern of memory, but the author never undertakes to make a complete narration of his private life; by means of a fragmentary style of writing, he offers a literary, sometimes ambiguous image of the self. This work of literary composition finds its full meaning in an intimate relation to time and space, first of all in the representations of childhood presented as true personal myths. On the other hand, gracqian autobiographical writing is extremely dependent on history. Studying the relation of the self to space reveals new data: the urban space, first of all the city of nantes, offers possibilities of imaginary projections, always present in the works, that have been easy to identify since un beau tenebreux. Strolling in life and literature, gracq grants growing importance to the representations of the self and the town, thus bringing to light the relation of privacy to the main favorite themes of his works