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1
Perez-Ecija, Alejandro, Carmen Martinez, Julio Fernandez-Castañer, and Francisco J. Mendoza. "The Immature Reticulocyte Fraction (IRF) in the Sysmex XN-1000V Analyzer Can Differentiate between Causes of Regenerative and Non-Regenerative Anemia in Dogs and Cats." Animals 14, no. 2 (January 22, 2024): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14020349.
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The Sysmex XN-1000V analyzer can identify those reticulocytes with high RNA content and fluorescence, providing the immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF). While this parameter has been used in human medicine to identify the cause of anemia, few studies have focused on its use in veterinary medicine. In this study, we determined the IRF and related reticulocyte parameters in a large population of non-anemic and anemic dogs and cats (subclassified depending on the origin of their anemia). The IRF was significantly higher in hemolytic anemias compared to hemorrhagic ones in both species. Moreover, the IRF was significantly lower in dogs and cats with bone marrow failure than in other non-regenerative anemias and in both groups compared to pre-regenerative anemias. The accurate cut-off values for the differential in regenerative anemias and reference ranges for both species using the Sysmex XN-1000V are also reported. The measurement of the IRF in this analyzer can help clinicians to further classify the type of anemia in both species.
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Dolai, Tuphan Kanti, Somnath Mondal, Manisha Jain, and Prakas Kumar Mandal. "The prevalence of anemia among the tribal children from the western districts of West Bengal, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20210239.
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Background: Tribal population in West Bengal constitutes a significant proportion (5.1%) and the vulnerable group because of lower socio-economic status, poor literacy rate and malnutrition. The present study was conducted to evaluate hemoglobin level and prevalence of anemia among the tribal children from the western districts of West Bengal, India.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on school going (class I to class VIII) tribal children (≥5 to <13years) during March 2019 to February 2020. A complete blood count was done by automated blood cell counter and anemia was classified as per WHO criteria. They were also tested for markers of common nutritional anemias (serum ferritin, serum vitamin B12 and serum folate). Data entry and analysis was done on SPSS version 15. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Total 1, 010 tribal children were included with male:female=1:1.35. Among these, 46.34% (n=468) children had anemia. Among all anemic children 47.65% (n=223), 51.93% (n=243/468) and 0.42% (n=2) respectively had mild, moderate and severe anemia. There was a high prevalence (81.68%) of microcytic red blood cells in the total cohort; among anemic children, 53.94% have microcytosis while no macrocytosis was revealed. Among all grade anemias, iron, folate and vitamin B12 deficiency were found in 44.65% (n=209/468), 13.24% (n=62/468) and 25% (n=117/468) respectively.Conclusions: The prevalence of anemia among tribal children of West Bengal is a matter of concern. The high prevalence of microcytic indices in non-anemic population highlights the dire need for screening for the causes of anemia in this population.
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Lateaf, Khitam, Manar Hadi Allawi, and Nuha Jameel Akmoosh. "Phenotypic Classification and Clinical Examination of Anemia in Iraqi Water Buffalo in Nasiriyah Governorate." Journal of Buffalo Science 12 (September 25, 2023): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-520x.2023.12.12.
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This research aims to classify anemia cases in the Iraqi water buffalo population by collecting 140 blood samples from buffaloes in Nasiriyah Governorate pastures. These samples were collected randomly from three age groups: > 1 year, 1-4 years, and < 5 years. Blood sample analysis revealed 45 anemia cases (32.12%) and 95 healthy cases (67.88%). Phenotypic classification of anemia encompassed microcytic hypochromic (12.14%), macrocytic hypochromic (7.85%), normocytic hypochromic (6.42%), and normocytic normochromic (5.71%) cases. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) notably increased in anemic buffaloes, displaying a statistically significant disparity (P< 0.05) compared to healthy counterparts. Anemia cases exhibited higher neutrophil counts in white blood cell relative differentials. For the three age groups, hemoglobin (Hb), packed blood cell volume (PCV), and total red blood cell count (RBC) values indicated significant decreases from normal levels, showcasing statistical significance (P< 0.05) between healthy and anemic buffaloes. While anemia cases generally displayed normal iron concentrations, microcytic anemia demonstrated lower iron levels in the 1-4 and >5 years age groups, with iron levels reaching the minimum global normal range in the <1 year age group. Copper concentrations remained normal in all healthy cases and anemia cases, except for microcytic anemia, which showed reduced levels across age groups.
In conclusion, this study comprehensively characterizes anemia in Iraqi water buffaloes through clinical, hematological, and elemental analyses. The findings underscore the prevalence of various anemia types, their age-related variations, and significant hematological deviations in anemic buffaloes compared to healthy counterparts. This research enhances our understanding of anemias' impact on this population and provides valuable insights for future diagnostic and management strategies.
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Barbind, Sarang Renikadasrao, and Dattatraya Narayanrao Hambire. "Assessment of prevalence of anemia and study of anemic patients in population of Nanded district." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 7, no. 12 (November 23, 2020): 1836. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20205044.
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Background: Anemia is one of the most common health problems in India. Understanding the variations among the prevalence of anemia between population groups in this large and heterogeneous country is crucial to inform relevant health policy and health service interventions. The present study was conducted to assess prevalence of anemia in the population of Nanded district, Maharashtra.Methods: All subjects between 13-70 years of age were enrolled in the study for screening of prevalence of anemia. Under complete aseptic conditions, 10 ml of blood was withdrawn from antecubital vein and 2 ml was used for complete blood count estimation and for further blood investigations as necessary. Various hematological parameters were tested in correlation to history and clinical examination of the patients. All data thus obtained was arranged in tabulated form and analyzed using SPSS software.Results: There were a total of 2190 subjects evaluated, out of these 560 were anemic and 1630 were non-anemic. Out of 560 anemic subjects, 420 were of female gender and remaining 140 were male. The mean iron levels were 64±34 μg/dl. The mean screen ferritin levels were 201±183 ng/dl.Conclusions: There were 26% of subjects in our study who were anemic, and majority of them were females Although, Iron deficiency anemia revealed as a most common type of anemia, vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies also contributed significantly to nutritional anemias. The disease widely occurs and affects mostly children of growing age, females in reproductive ages and elderly population.
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Klimov, L. Ya, R. A. Zhetishev, T. A. Ivenskaya, V. A. Kuryaninova, S. V. Dolbnya, A. V. Yagupova, L. D. Kochneva, et al. "PATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF ANEMIA IN CHILDREN WITH CELIAC DISEASE." Pediatria. Journal named after G.N. Speransky 101, no. 6 (December 16, 2022): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24110/0031-403x-2022-101-6-116-125.
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Celiac disease (CD) is characterized by the formation of an anemic syndrome whose etiopathogenesis if of a multifactorial origin. The main types of anemias in children with celiac disease are iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and anemia of inflammation, also called anemia of chronic disease (ACD). This bibliographical review presents current information on the iron metabolism, morphological changes in the epithelium of the intestinal mucosa in celiac disease leading to the development of iron deficiency, pathogenesis of ACD formation in celiac disease, as well as the diagnosis of IDA and ACD in celiac disease.
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Gopchuk, O. M. "Iron deficiency anemia." HEALTH OF WOMAN, no. 9(145) (November 30, 2019): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2019.145.32.
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Iron deficiency anemia is the most common group of blood diseases in the population (80–95% of all anemias), characterized by a decrease in the number of circulating red blood cells and / or hemoglobin per unit volume of blood below normal for a given age and sex. The article deals with the role of iron in the human body, the conditions associated with its deficiency, causes, clinical symptoms, diagnosis of this pathology. Recommendations are given for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia by modern iron preparations, the advantages of using in the complex correction of heme iron deficiency, ie in hemoglobin composition, iron, which is most easily absorbed by the body, have high efficiency and no side effects. Key words: iron deficiency anemia, hemoglobin, ferritin, anemic syndrome, sideropenic syndrome, pregnancy, treatment, heme iron, non-heme iron Richter FerroBio.
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Andreichev, Nail’ A., and E. N. Andreicheva. "The differential diagnostic of anemias associated with iron metabolism." Medical Journal of the Russian Federation 22, no. 4 (August 15, 2016): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2106-2016-22-4-213-221.
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The iron-deficiency conditions continue to be an actual problem all over the world being present in half of population of the terrestrial globe. The development of iron deficiency often depends on gender and age. In females specific role is played by hypermenorrhea and repeated pregnancies (iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia are found 6 times more often in females than in males). The anemia of chronic diseases by it prevalence takes second place after iron-deficiency anemia. The prevalence of anemia of chronic diseases in elder and senile age varies within range 2,9-61% in males and 3,3-41% in females. In young and mature age anemia of chronic diseases more often occurs in females. There are anemias when content of iron in organism and its resources are within limits of norm or higher - sideroahrestical anemias. The percentage of them in structure of hypochromic anemias is smallish. The diagnostic and differential diagnostic of anemias related to iron metabolism. The anemias are diverse according to clinical hematological characteristics. At selection of diagnostic schemes, treatment of anemias differs on leading pathogenic mechanism. However, to facilitate diagnostic and differential diagnostic the color indicator and morphological classifications are considered. The differentiated diagnostic of anemias is based on data of clinical, laboratory and instrumental analysis. The blood analysis under anemia is to take into account indices of Hb, size of erythrocytes, their saturation with Hb, average volume of erythrocytes, and average content of hemoglobin in erythrocytes, amount of reticulocytes and other cells permitting judging about character and activity of erythropoiesis. The article presents algorithm of examination of patient under hypochromic and microcytic anemia, diagnostic and differentiated diagnostic of acute post-hemorrhagic anemia, anemia of chronic course, iron-deficiency anemia, anemia of chronic diseases, sideroahrestical anemia, iron-saturated anemia due to leaden intoxication, inherent iron-saturated anemia of pharmaceutical genesis, thyroprival anemia and thalassemia.
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McPhedran, Peter, and Robert B. Hall. "Evaluation of Anemia in Adults: Going after the Common Causes." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 3769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.3769.3769.
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Abstract Unexplained anemia is a common problem in adult medicine. Traditional approaches to etiologic diagnosis have included testing for “nutritional” deficiencies such as serum vitamin B12, folic acid, iron and iron binding capacity (IBC)(often a house staff approach); performing upper and lower endoscopy (often the Gastroenterologist or the Surgeon); or review of peripheral blood and bone marrow smears and biopsy (the Hematologist). Decision trees starting from MCVs and reticulocyte counts are commonly suggested in Hematology teaching manuals. However none of these approaches are based on knowledge of the most likely causes of anemia in the population to be tested. We hoped to improve on these largely unfounded and unevaluated empiric strategies by determining the actual frequencies of different causes of anemia among non-pregnant adults (20 and older) with initially unexplained anemias (Hb <12 in men, <11 in women) in our hospital, and have done such studies on three occasions in the last 15 years at Yale New Haven Hospital. Patients selected were 1) 202 consecutive adults with anemia new to the hospital laboratory database; 2) 800 consecutive adults treated, or retreated, with iron in the hospital, focussing the analysis on the 200 who were anemic and not just given iron because they were post-operative or post-partum; and 3) 100 consecutive adults having what we would consider “anemia tests” drawn for work up (such as reticulocyte counts, or vitamin B12 assays, etc). Using standard criteria for diagnosis of different causes of anemia, and, mostly, available data, we were able to classify 80–90% of the anemic patients in each study population. From each of these patient groups we were able to draw pie charts showing relative frequencies of different causes of anemia. We recognized a total of 14 causes and groups of causes of anemia (we grouped hemoglobinopathies as one category, for example) in our hospital population. But the four commonest causes were the same in all three studies: anemia of chronic (inflammatory) disease (ACD) (24, 30, and 37%), acute, missed G I bleed (17, 16, and 13%), iron deficiency anemia (IDA)(13, 23, and 16%) and anemia of chronic renal insufficiency (13, 28, and 14%). Popular targets of work up such as B12 and folate deficiency, and hemolytic anemias, together constituted less than 4% of each study population. We therefore propose as initial work up/evaluation of unexplained anemia in adults the following tests: review of the patient’s history for ACD causes; erythocyte sedimentation rate; iron and IBC (and hepcidin when available); stool exam for blood, especially non-occult blood and melena, before considering colonoscopy; ferritin; attention to the probably already available MCV, RDW, and creatinine; and serum erythropoietin (relating its result to Hb and Hct). According to our hospital epidemiologic studies this approach should reveal the causes of anemia in 67–97% of adults. Clues to other specific anemias learned from the patient, such as a history of sickle cell disease, or the technologist’s discovery of many spherocytes on the blood smear should of course be attended to, as priorities. And, although helpful in only two of the four commonest anemias (ACD, IDA), review of a good blood smear is an important cross-check that occasionally yields surprises (Please see BJ Bain, NEJM, 8/4/05).
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TASEER, IJAZ-UL-HAQUE, SOHAIL SAFDAR, AHSANULLAH MIRBAHAR, and ZARA AWAN. "ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY." Professional Medical Journal 18, no. 01 (March 10, 2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.01.1848.
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Objective: To see frequency of anemia and its related risk factors in pregnant women in an under developed area of Southern Punjab. Study design: Descriptive study. Setting: Ante natal outpatient clinic Tehsil Headquarter Hospital Kabirwala (Khanewal). Duration of the study: October2006 to March 2007. Sampling technique: Non-probability purposive. Methodology: Two hundred and fifty pregnant ladies attending ante natal outpatient clinic at Tehsil Headquarter Hospital Kabirwala (Khanewal) irrespective of reproductive age, socio economic, educational and residential status were included in this study. After taking consent a pre-designed proforma was filled in. Hemoglobin level was checked. Subjects were categorized according to the hemoglobin levels into mild (10.0-10.9 g /dl), moderate (8.0-9.9 g/dl) and severe (< 8.0 g/dl) anemia. Results: Two hundred and fifty pregnant women were studied. Mean age of the pregnant women was 28.28 ± 5.20 years. Out of these 250 pregnant women, 138 (55.2%) were anemic and out of these 83 (60.14 %) were moderately anemic while 55 (39.86 %) had mild anemia and none of these had sever anemia. Among participating pregnant women, 28 (11.2 %) were in 1st trimester, 85 (34 %) in 2nd trimester and 137 (54.8%) were in the 3rd trimester. Anemia was observed in 10 (35.71 %) women in first trimester, 35 (41.18%) in 2nd trimester and 93 (67.88 %) in 3rd trimester. One hundred and thirty two women were from rural background, out of these, 83 (62.88%) were anemic. Seventy were uneducated and out of these, 58 (82.88%) were anemic while 180 women were educated and of these 81 (45 %) were anemic. Ninety five (38 %) were having poor dietary habits and out of these, 78 (82.10 %) were anemic. One hundred eight pregnant ladies were not taking any iron supplement, out these 83 (76.85 %) were anemic while 142 (56.8 %) pregnant ladies were taking iron supplements, out of these 55 (38.73 %) were anemic. Twenty one pregnant women were with gravida more than 6 and out of these 19 (90.47 %) were anemic, of these 11 (57.89 %) had moderate anemia while 8 (42.10 %) were mildly anemic. Conclusions: The results of present study showed high frequency of anemia in the targeted population. Anemia was related with poor dietary habits especially poor iron intake. Anemia was more related with multi gravidity.
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Khanal, Babita, Sandip Pokhrel, Sandip Kumar Singh, Sunil Kumar Yadav, and Prakash Kafle. "Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Under Five Years Children in a Tertiary Health Care Center of Nepal." Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal 19, no. 3 (October 17, 2023): 288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v19i3.55954.
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BackgroundGlobally 39.8% children under five years old are anemic, with prevalence of childhood anemia in Nepal reported to be 52.7% by 2016. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of anemia among pediatric age group between 2 months to 60 months to provide some insight for prevention of anemia among children. MethodsThis is a prospective observational cross-sectional study conducted over the period of 15st March 2019 to 14th August 2019 at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital which included children presenting to pediatric department between ages 2 to 60 months. Children with known history of hemolytic disorders, malignancies and chronic diseases were excluded from the study. Hemoglobin level and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) was obtained. Descriptive statistics such as mean, percentage and standard deviation were calculated. ResultsTotal 500 children selected randomly for the study, 234 (46.8%) children were non-anemic while mild anemia was seen in 86 (17.2%), moderate anemia in 155 (31.0%) and severe anemia in 25(5.0%) children. Mean hemoglobin was 10.2 gm/dl with standard deviation of 1.847. Among male 45.6% were anemic whereas 42.7%female were anemic. Children of age group 2 to 12 months had higher percentage of anemia with 76.2% being anemic. Among 266 anemic children 219 (82.3%) had MCV below the normal range. ConclusionOur study shows the higher prevalence of anemia in children between 2 to 60 months of age. Microcytic anemia was more common which represents higher prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among anemic children.
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Hussein, Shno, and Abbas Rabaty. "Red cell distribution width’s role in differentiating iron deficiency anemia from other hypochromic microcytic anemias." Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 25, no. 3 (December 23, 2021): 625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15218/zjms.2021.028.
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Background and objective: The red cell distribution width is suggested to be a more sensitive indicator for microcytic hypochromic anemia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the role of red cell distribution width in the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia from other causes of hypochromic microcytic anemia. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved the children patients who attended Rapareen Teaching Hospital in Erbil city in 2019 and were diagnosed with hypochromic microcytic anemia. Results: The red cell distribution width was determined in a group of 70 children with iron deficiency anemia and 30 cases with a non-iron deficiency (other hypochromic microcytic anemias). Patients with a higher socio-demographic status were more likely to have iron deficiency anemia than those with low socio-demographic status; 82.61% vs. 76.60%, respectively. The patients with symptoms were more likely to be diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia (P = 0.024). The mean red cell distribution width value was 14.38%, 15.73%, and18.02% among mild, moderate, and severely anemic children (P <0.001). Increasing red blood cells (r=-0.271), hemoglobin (r=-0.454), serum iron (r=-0.601), and serum ferritin (r=-0.560) lead to decrease red cell distribution width. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of red cell distribution width in diagnosing iron deficiency anemia in children patients were 77.14%, 63.33%, 83.08%, 54.29%, and 73.0%, respectively. Conclusions: This study showed that red cell distribution width has good sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing iron deficiency anemia. Keywords: RDW; IDA; RBC indices; Microcytic anemia; Serum iron.
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V., Sarala, and Ushadevi Gopalan. "A study on prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in South India." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 1 (December 26, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20195617.
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Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a major health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries like India. Maternal and fetal outcomes are poor in pregnant patients with anemia. The most important cause of anemia is iron deficiency anemia which can be prevented by early oral iron supplementation.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of our tertiary care teaching institution for a period of one year. 1290 pregnant women coming to the antenatal OPD were screened for anemia and 490 women. Patients who were not anemic were excluded. 800 patients were enrolled in the study. Each patient was interviewed using a structured interview schedule and the data obtained was analyzed.Results: The percentage of anemia in pregnant women was 62% in our study of which 40% were mildly anemic, 55% were moderately anemic and 5% were severely anemic. Maximum number of anemic women -mild, moderate and severe was seen in the age group 20-24 years. Mild and severe anemia was seen more in the secondary educated women. Maximum percentage of anemia was seen in the lower socio-economic status followed by middle and was lowest in the higher socio-economic status group. Prevalence of anemia was almost equal in primigravida and multigravidas (around 50%) but 80% of severely anemic patients were multigravida. Almost 68% took iron and folic acid tablets regularly.Conclusions: Treating anemia in pregnant women will go a long way in improving maternal and fetal outcome. Hence a future healthy younger generation can be produced. Iron tablets can be distributed at school to young girls to prevent anemia in future women.
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Pires, Alessandra Laís Pinho Valente, Deivson Henrique dos Santos, Deivid Rodrigues Nascimento, José Carlos Costa dos Santos Júnior, Marília de Matos Amorim, Cristiane Brandão Santos Almeida, and Marcela Beatriz Moreira Aguiar. "Manifestações orofaciais associadas aos diferentes tipos de anemias." Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre 61, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2177-0018.100624.
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Introduction: Anemias correspond to hematological disorders that can present in the oral cavity and face. Objective: To review the literature on the main types of anemic disorders and their orofacial manifestations, considering the aspects of interest to dentists. Methodology: This is a literature review, in which articles were selected in Portuguese and English, indexed in the Scielo, Medline/Pubmed and Lilacs databases with the descriptors: Anemia, Oral Manifestations, Jaw Abnormalities and their correspondents in Portuguese language. Literature review: Anemic disorders associated with orofacial signs and symptoms include mainly Iron-Deficiency, Megaloblastic, Fanconis, Sickle Cell, Thalassemia and Aplastic Anemia. The manifestations vary from burning and painful symptoms in the tongue, pallor of lips and mucosa, stomatitis, atrophic glossitis, angular cheilitis, susceptibility to candidiasis and peri-odontal disease. Also, dental changes, hyposalivation, malocclusion, osteomyelitis of the jaw, paraesthesia of the mental nerve and orofacial pain are included. Conclusion: These manifestations can be the first signs of the presence of anemia, which gives the dentist an important role in early diagnosis and proper management of dental treatment.
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Ningsih, Oliva Suyen, Eugenius Rada Masri, Claudia Fariday Dewi, Mariana Nona Rafael, Bernadeta Dudet, Eduardus Jarut, Antonia Mareti Mbulu, et al. "SCREENING DAN PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN PENCEGAHAN ANEMIA PADA REMAJA PUTRI." JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jmm.v7i1.12073.
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Abstrak: Perubahan fisik dan fisiologi pada remaja membuat remaja rentan mengalami Anemia. Anemia pada remaja berdampak negatif pada perkembangan kognitif, fisik dan emosional. Kegiatan ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi remaja dengan Anemia dan melakukan pendidikan kesehatan tentang Anemia. Kegiatan ini dilakukan pada Sekolah Menengah Atas yaitu di SMK Bintang Timur dan Sekolah Menengah Pertama yaitu SMPN 1 Wae Ri’i dan SMPN 3 Langke Rembong berjumlah 95 siswa pada November 2022. Metode kegiatan mencakup screening Anemia dan penyuluhan kesehatan. Hasil yang dicapai melalui screening beberapa remaja mengalami Anemia berdasarkan pemeriksaan fisik yaitu konjungtiva anemik sebanyak 3 remaja (3,2%), wajah pucat sebanyak 5 remaja (5.3%), bibir, kulit, kuku dan telapak tangan pucat sebanyak 2 remaja (2.1%). Berdasarkan screening tanda dan gejala Anemia beberapa remaja mengalami letih, lesu dan lelah (28.4%), sakit kepala, pusing serta mata berkunang-kunang (32.6%), mengantuk, cepat lelah dan sulit konsentrasi (28.4%). Hasil evaluasi dengan metode post-test menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan remaja mengenai Anemia telah meningkat sebanyak 85%.Abstract: Physical and physiological changes in adolescents make adolescents susceptible to anemia. Anemia in adolescents has a negative impact on cognitive, physical and emotional development. This activity aims to identify adolescents with anemia and conduct health education about anemia. This activity was carried out at senior high schools, namely at Bintang Timur Vocational School and junior high schools, namely SMPN 1 Wae Ri'i and SMPN 3 Langke Rembong with a total of 95 students in November 2022. Activity methods include anemia screening and health education. The results achieved through screening several adolescents experiencing Anemia based on physical examination, namely anemic conjunctiva in 3 adolescents (3.2%), pale faces in 5 adolescents (5.3%), pale lips, skin, nails and palms in 2 adolescents (2.1%). Based on screening for signs and symptoms of anemia, some adolescents experienced fatigue, lethargy and fatigue (28.4%), headaches, dizziness and dizzy eyes (32.6%), drowsiness, fatigue and difficulty concentrating (28.4%). The results of the evaluation using the post-test method showed that adolescents' knowledge about anemia had increased by 85%.
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Lazrak FZ, Jahdaoui Adil, Yahyaoui Hicham, Ait Ameur Mustapha, and Chakour Mohamed. "Macrocytic anemia: Myelogram results in military hospital Avicenna in Marrakech." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 13, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 212–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2022.13.3.0275.
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Anemia is one of the most common health problems in the primary care setting. Macrocytosis in adults is defined as a red blood cell mean corpuscular volum >95 fL. Macrocytic anemias are generally classified into megaloblastic or non-megaloblastic anemia. Retrospective descriptive study included 340 samples of myelogram received in the Hematology Labortory belonging to patients admitted to the Military hospital of Avicenna in Marrakech, over a period of 48 months (from January 2016 to January 2020), aimed to assess the etiological profile of macrocytic anemia in patients whose bone marrow smears were received in our laboratory. Out of 340 myelogram samples, 120 cases of macrocytic anemia were received. The male gender was predominant with a sex-ratio (M/F) at 3. The average age was 55 years old with extremes ranging from 29 to 91 years? The discovery of macrocytic anemia was fortuitous in 30% of cases. 47% of our population presented anemic syndrom, 14% hemorrhagic syndrome, 9% infectious syndrome. The hemoglobin varyied between 4,7 g/dL and 11,9 g/dL with an average of 7.2 g/dL. The mean corpuscular volume was 107 fL. The bone marrow smear confirmed megaloblastic anemia in 54,3% of cases of macrocytic anemia. The diversity and complexity of factors leading to macrocytic anemia preclude a single or uniform method of investigation. The investigative pattern must be tailored to the individual patient, giving importance to the clinical presentation.
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Abdelaziz, Tarek A., Mohamed Almalky, Diana Hanna, and Eman Gamal Baz. "Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection among Anemic School-Age Children in Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study." Journal of Child Science 11, no. 01 (January 2021): e317-e326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740465.
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AbstractAnemia and Helicobacter pylori infection in school-age children are important public health problems. The association between H. pylori infection and the development of anemia, especially iron deficiency anemia, has been previously studied and until now it is still a matter of argument. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and H. pylori infection among school-age children and to find the association between H. pylori infection and anemia in school-age children. We conducted this population-based cross-sectional study in six Egyptian primary schools over a 12-month-period, including 1,200 students from all grades who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The study participants were subjected to the following: medical history, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations included complete blood count and H. pylori antigen in stool, and according to the level of hemoglobin (Hb), we divided the students into two groups; the anemic group with Hb level <11.5 g/dL and nonanemic group with Hb level ≥11.5 g/dL, and the serum ferritin levels were measured only for the anemic group as the best indicator for iron status. The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 25%. The overall prevalence of anemia was 13.25%, of which hypochromic microcytic anemia represented 87.4% of the anemic group, and the mean ferritin level in the anemic group was 18.56 ± 9.96 ng/mL. The prevalence of anemia among H. pylori-infected patients (62.3%) was significantly (p < 0.001) higher than in noninfected children (37.7%). In the anemic group, the mean ferritin level in H. pylori-infected children was significantly lower than the mean level in the noninfected children (p <0.001). Furthermore, the anemic group had a significantly higher incidence of H. pylori infection and a lower age (p <0.001) in comparison with the nonanemic group. The dominant type of anemia in H. pylori-infected children was the microcytic hypochromic anemia, with a significantly higher incidence in comparison to other types of anemia (p <0.001). The findings of this study demonstrate a significant association between H. pylori infection and anemia in school-aged children, especially iron deficiency anemia, as the incidence of H. pylori infection was greater in anemic children than in non-anemic children.
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Guralnik, Jack M., William B. Ershler, Stanley L. Schrier, and Vincent J. Picozzi. "Anemia in the Elderly: A Public Health Crisis in Hematology." Hematology 2005, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/asheducation-2005.1.528.
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Abstract Over 3 million people in the United Staes aged 65 years and older are anemic. This condition is associated with significant functional impairment and, perhaps, increased mortality. In March 2004, the American Society of Hematology (in conjunction with the National Institute of Aging) convened a “blue ribbon” panel of twenty physicians who are experts on various aspects of this topic. This paper highlights important consensus concepts resulting from that meeting. In particular, four areas of thought are shared. First, the epidemiology of anemia in the elderly is reviewed, including its definition, its expression in different racial groups, and its wide-ranging manifestations. Second, the pathophysiology of anemia in the elderly is reviewed as pertains to three general etiological categories (nutritional, chronic diseases, and so-called “unexplained” anemias). Particular emphasis is given to pathophysiologic mechanisms of anemia that are potentially unique to this age group. Third, a practical approach to the diagnosis and management of anemia for this patient population for the practicing hematologist is provided. Finally, the public health implications of anemia in the elderly for key stakeholder constituencies will be discussed in the oral presentation.
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Urbanovych, A. M., and M. V. Yuskiv. "Peculiarities of the anemic syndrome course with thyroid dysfunction." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (Ukraine) 19, no. 5 (September 3, 2023): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2224-0721.19.5.2023.1304.
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This article was created on the basis of a literature review in the Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases and analyzes information on the prevalence, classification, etiopathogenetic mechanisms of anemia, evaluation of data from clinical studies and meta-analyses on the course of anemic syndrome in thyroid diseases. Anemia and thyroid dysfunction are common phenomena that often occur simultaneously. According to modern recommendations, it is worth evaluating the function of the thyroid gland when investigating anemia. With thyroid dysfunction, normocytic anemia is the most common, and microcytic and macrocytic anemias occur less often. The combination of anemia with thyroid diseases is an important problem for clinicians. Thyroid hormones have a direct effect on the proliferative capacity of the erythroid progenitor, which may be related to the mechanism of erythropoietic dysfunction in human thyroid diseases. Anemia, especially iron deficiency, in turn, affects a decrease in the level of thyroid hormones against the background of weakened thyroid function of the pituitary gland. The most frequent cause of anemia in hypothyroidism is bone marrow suppression due to thyroid hormone deficiency, as well as insufficient production of erythropoietin due to a decreased need for O2. Hyperthyroidism is associated with an increased number of erythrocytes, because there is an excessive need for tissues in oxygen, and therefore, the secretion of erythropoietin is increased. In autoimmune thyroid disease, a high prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and, especially, pernicious anemia is observed. Anemia in Graves’ disease resembles anemia of chronic disease and is associated with activation of nonspecific inflammation. Aplastic anemia, which is the result of the thyroid dysfunction, is rare. It occurs as a side effect in patients with autoimmune hyperthyroidism who take antithyroid drugs.
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Reddy A., Bhaskar, V. Sharath Chandra, and Zion Eluzai. "Prevalence and types of anemia among children at a tertiary care hospital." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 5, no. 4 (June 22, 2018): 1431. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20182541.
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Background: The anemic children tend to have average or below average academic performance due to effect of anemia on cognitive and behavioral aspect of the child. The objective of the study is to study prevalence and types of anemia among children at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A total of 6000 patients attended the outpatient department of the SVS hospital, Mahabubnagar during the study period. Out of them 1237 patients were pediatric patients who attended the pediatric outpatient department. Among these 1237 children, 823 children were found anemic. Among these 823 anemic children, 100 were randomly included in the present study for further investigations. Thus, final sample size of the present study was randomly selected 100 anemic children.Results: The incidence of anemia was found to be very high i.e. 66.5%. It was found that the prevalence of anemia was 60.9% among females compared to only 39.1% among male children. The prevalence of anemia was significantly higher in females compared to males. In both males and females, the iron deficiency anemia was the most common type of anemia found in the present study. Maximum prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was seen in 1-5 years of age in females. Maximum prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was seen in 1-5 years of age in males. The most common grade of anemia was moderate grade followed by mild.Conclusions: Iron deficiency anemia is more prevalent in female children. In males also, it is not found to be very low. Its prevalence in males is also noticeable.
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Ashwini Aithal, P., A. Binti Amber, C. Wen Hao, H. Elang Gopalan, S. Krishnappan, V. Upeka Goonesinghe, and N. Kumar. "Incidence and factors associated with anemia among the geriatric population at a tertiary care hospital in southern India." Rwanda Medical Journal 80, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rmj.v80i1.4.
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INTRODUCTION: Anaemia in geriatric populations poses challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. Hence, this study was done to investigate the incidence of anemia among the geriatric population of South India. METHODS: Retrospective, cross-sectional study with 144 patients aged 65 years and above. Socio-demographic data and laboratory findings were recorded in a validated proforma format. Data were analyzed using SPSS.RESULTS: 36.1% of the study population was anemic, and 63.9% were non-anemic. The prevalence of anemia was higher among females (36.36%) than males (35.82%). The prevalence of anemia was significantly correlated with advanced age (r=0.21; p < 0.05) and female sex (r=0.25; p < 0.05). Thirty-six patients were mild anemic (69%), 13 had moderate (25%), and 3 (6%) had severe anemia. Nutritional anemia was most common (80%), followed by hemorrhagic anemia (18%) and hemolytic anemia (2%). Among the 52 patients who were anemic, the most common comorbidities associated were Type 2 diabetes mellitus (69.2%) and hypertension (53.8%). Liver diseases were present in 5 cases (9.62%), renal insufficiency in 14 cases (26.9%), hypercholesterolemia in 5 cases (9.62%), and 6 cases (11.5%) were associated with other diseases. All the patients were managed conservatively with treatment, and anemia improved in 36.5% of cases.CONCLUSION: Anaemia was frequently diagnosed in the studied geriatric population. Nutritional deficiencies were the most common cause, followed by hemorrhagic and hemolytic anemia. The impact of anemia on quality of life, recovery from illness, and functional abilities must be further investigated in future geriatric studies.
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Akpinar, Cetin Kursad, Erdem Gurkas, and Emrah Aytac. "Moderate to Severe Anemia Is Associated with Poor Functional Outcome in Acute Stroke Patients Treated with Mechanical Thrombectomy." Interventional Neurology 7, no. 1-2 (October 11, 2017): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000480642.
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Background: Anemia will negatively affect cerebral collaterals and penumbra. Eventually, it may cause worse clinical outcomes and even increase mortality rates in stroke patients. Anemia has recently been suggested to be an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of the presence of anemia on clinical outcomes in ischemic stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy. Methods: This was a retrospective study involving the prospectively and consecutively collected data of 90 adult patients between January 2015 and August 2016. Hemoglobin (Hb) cutoff levels were accepted as 12 g/dL for women and 13 g/dL for men. Patients having anemia were further divided into three subgroups as severe anemia (Hb <8 g/dL for both genders), moderate anemia (Hb <10 g/dL for both genders), and mild anemia (Hb <13 g/dL for men and Hb <12 g/dL for women). Results: Forty of the subjects (44.4%) had anemia. Moderate anemia was detected in 14 out of 90 patients (15.5%) and severe anemia was found in only four of them (4.4%). Poor functional outcome (mRS 3-6) was similar in both anemic and non-anemic patients (37.5% vs. 38%, respectively, p = 0.08), but poor functional outcome was found to be statistically significant with severe anemic group (Hb <8 mg/dL) (p = 0.003). In multiple logistic regression analysis, moderate and severe anemia has been found to increase the mortality (p = 0.032). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated a poor functional outcome only in moderate to severe anemic patients. Clinicians should keep in mind the negative effect of moderate to severe anemia in the clinical course of acute stroke patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy.
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Singh, Rakesh Kumar, and Shraboni Patra. "Extent of Anaemia among Preschool Children in EAG States, India: A Challenge to Policy Makers." Anemia 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/868752.
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Background.India is the highest contributor to child anemia. About 89 million children in India are anemic. The study determines the factors that contributed to child anemia and examines the role of the existing programs in reducing the prevalence of child anemia particularly in the EAG states.Methods.The data from the latest round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) is used. Simple bivariate and multinomial logistics regression analyses are used.Results.About 70% children are anemic in all the EAG states. The prevalence of severe anemia is the highest (6.7%) in Rajasthan followed by Uttar Pradesh (3.6%) and Madhya Pradesh (3.4%). Children aged 12 to 17 months are significantly seven times (RR=7.99,P<0.001) more likely to be severely anemic compared to children of 36 to 59 months. Children of severely anemic mothers are also found to be more severely anemic (RR=15.97,P<0.001) than the children of not anemic mothers.Conclusions.The study reveals that the existing government program fails to control anemia among preschool children in the backward states of India. Therefore, there is an urgent need for monitoring of program in regular interval, particularly for EAG states to reduce the prevalence of anemia among preschool children.
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Wang, Lei, Mengjie Li, Sarah-Eve Dill, Yiwei Hu, and Scott Rozelle. "Dynamic Anemia Status from Infancy to Preschool-Age: Evidence from Rural China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 15 (August 2, 2019): 2761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152761.
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Anemia is a serious nutritional deficiency among infants and toddlers in rural China. However, it is unclear how the anemia status changes among China’s rural children as they age. This study investigates the prevalence of anemia as children grow from infancy to preschool-age, as well as the dynamic anemia status of children over time. We conducted longitudinal surveys of 1170 children in the Qinba Mountain Area of China in 2013, 2015 and 2017. The results show that 51% of children were anemic in infancy (6–12 months), 24% in toddlerhood (22–30 months) and 19% at preschool-age (49–65 months). An even larger share of children (67%) suffered from anemia at some point over the course of study. The data also show that although only 4% of children were persistently anemic from infancy to preschool-age, 8% of children saw their anemia status deteriorate. We further found that children may be at greater risk for developing anemia, or for having persistent anemia, during the period between toddlerhood and preschool-age. Combined with the finding that children with improving anemia status showed higher cognition than persistently anemic children, there is an urgent need for effective nutritional interventions to combat anemia as children grow, especially between toddlerhood and preschool age.
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Witkos, Maciej, Michelle Uttaburanont, Myra Vicenio, Christopher Lang, and Rami Y. Haddad. "Effects of Anemia on the Rehabilitation Outcomes in Elderly Patients in the Post-Acute Care Setting." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 5158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.5158.5158.
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Abstract Background - More than 3 million people in the United States over the age of 65 are anemic. The evidence indicates that older people with anemia suffer hospitalizations, physical decline and disability more than people without anemia. Additionally there are reports that anemia is an independent risk factor for this decline in physical performance in those over the age of 65. Objective - The goal of this study was to detail if anemia significantly affects patient’s rehabilitation outcomes by focusing on the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) as assessed by the physical therapist, the disposition upon discharge (meeting the therapy goals) and an analysis of length of stay (LOS) in relation to anemia. Methods - We conducted a chart review of 260 medical records of patients who underwent rehabilitation therapy at the North Chicago Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and detailed the progress of 69 of these patients who received ADL therapy. The study is ongoing with a projected chart review of 437 medical records, and with an estimated final sample size of 150. Univariate and multivariate analysis was conducted in relation to our outcome measures. Results - The anemic group had 43 patients and the non-anemic 26. Average values for anemic patients were: Hgb 11 Hct 32, MCV 88, MCH 29.2, RDW 15.6, Platelets 259, the non-anemic patients values were: Hgb 13.4, Hct 39, MCV 89, MCH 33.3, RDW 14.3, platelets 229. The patients with anemia had a median change in ADL scores of 9 versus non-anemic patients’ median change in scores of 12 (p=0.154). Length of stay was 51 days (median) for anemic patients and 36 days (median) for non-anemic patients (p=0.108) Of the non-anemic patients, 19 out of 26 (73%) met the goals of therapy and 21 out of 43 (49%) of the anemic patients met the goals of therapy (p=0.055). Surprisingly, only 3 out of the 43 (7%) anemic patients were treated for their anemia or had work up done to identify the cause of the anemia. The multivariate model for length of stay indicated that anemia was not significant (p=0.842), the morbidity of the patient was marginally not significant (p=0.089), however, the patients’ age was statistically significant at p=0.05. For the multivariate model of ADL improvement the results were: anemia p=0.186, sex p=0.298, Charlson index p=0.50. Conclusion - There is a definite lack in the identification and treatment of anemia in patients undergoing rehabilitation. Anemia exerts an influence on the course of patient therapy/recovery and should be addressed as an individual problem. Anemic patients undergoing rehabilitation are scoring lower, and are admitted longer to the hospital.
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Pandey, Varsha. "Study of Spectrum of anemia in various age groups." IP Archives of Cytology and Histopathology Research 6, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.achr.2021.044.
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: Anemia is major health problem world-wide especially in developing countries. Globally 1.62 billion persons are affected. It has grave consequences on human health. The present study evaluates the severity and morphology of anemia in various age groups in rural population. : 1): To study degree and severity of anemia in study population; 2): To study distribution of anemia in various age groups; 3): To study morphological spectrum of anemia in study population. s: The study includes 792 patients having low concentration of hemoglobin for their age & sex. The other hematological parameters and morphology were analyzed. : In our study, females constituted 72.6% (575/792) of study population and male constituted 27.4% (217/792) of population. Pediatric patients (up to 15 years of age) constituted 10% of study population. Out of 792 anemic patients, 439 (55.4%) were having moderate anemia, 228 (28.7%) were having mild anemia & 125 (15.78%) were having severe anemia. Out of 792 anemic patients, 384 (48.4%) were having microcytic hypochromic anemia, 296 (37.37%) were having normocytic normochromic anemia, 84 (10.6%) were having macrocytic anemia and 3.5% were having hemolytic anemia. Out of 792 anemic patients, 439 (55.4%) were having moderate anemia, 228 (28.7%) were having mild anemia & 125 (15.78%) were having severe anemia. In our study anemia was more common in females as compared to males constituting majority of study population which is in concordance with other studies also. Moderate anemia was more common in study population as well as in various sub-groups being in concordance with other studies too. Morphologically microcytic hypochromic anemia was the most common type of anemia especially in adult females. Pregnant females were found to have normocytic normochromic anemia predominantly. Most of the cases of hemolytic anemia was found in children <15years. Similarly macrocytic anemia was found more commonly in adult males. Anemia is the most hematological abnormality found in daily practice, though found in all age groups but quite higher in females. The main objective for diagnosing anemia is to make clinician aware so that they can take measures to prevent and control anemia.
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Asghar, Rabiah, Javera Tariq, Nabeela Naeem, Anila Zafar, Khadija Qureshi, and Shameela Majeed. "Comparison of peripheral blood smear examination with automated haematology analyzer for diagnosing different types of anemia." Professional Medical Journal 28, no. 10 (September 30, 2021): 1433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.10.6179.
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Objective: This study aims to determine diagnostic accuracy of peripheral blood smear and automated haematology analyzer and to determine frequency of different types of anemia diagnosed by peripheral blood smear and automated hematology analyzer. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad. Period: November 2015 to April 2016. Material & Methods: Sample size of 149 suspected anemia patients was calculated using WHO calculator with 95% confidence interval. Research approval was taken from hospital ethical board. Patients were approached through non probability consecutive sampling method. Both peripheral blood smear examination and automated haematology analysis of each sample was performed. Diagnostic accuracy and frequency of anemia types was measured. Data analysis was done with the help of SPSS version 25. Chi-square and fissure exact test and ROC curve analysis was applied and significant (p<0.05) results were reported. Results: Total 149 patients were included in study. There were 42(28.2%) male and 107(71.8%) female. Mean age of patients was 35.1±2.1SD. Peripheral blood smear and automated haematology analyzer showed sensitivity (68% vs 92%), specificity (59% vs 88%), PPV (72% vs 92%), NPV (55% vs 88%) and diagnostic accuracy (64% vs 91) respectively. Most common type of anemia diagnosed with peripheral blood smear was microcytic hypochromic anemia with raised RDW 36.7% followed by normocytic normochromic anemia with raised RDW 13.3% and macrocytic anemia (p=0.001) while in automated haematology analyzer microc ytic hypochromic anemia with raised RDW54.4% followed by normochromic normocytic anemoia with normal RDW 11.1% (p=0.000). Conclusion: Automated haematyology analyzer had high diagnostic accuracy for diagnosis of anemia. Microcytic hypochromic anemia and normocytic normochromic are most common anemias diagnosed by peripheral blood smear and automated hematology analyzer and peripheral blood smear cannot be completely replaced by automated haemolytic analyzer. However, if both methods are used simultaneously, more accurate results can be obtained.
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Sari, Marlynda Happy Nurmalita, and Dina Dewi Anggraini. "Penyuluhan dan Deteksi Dini Anemia menuju Generasi Berkualitas pada Mahasiswa Kebidanan." jurnalempathy.com 1, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37341/jurnalempathy.v1i1.13.
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Background: The prevalence of anemia in adolescent girls in Indonesia is still high at 57.1%. As a result of anemia is adolescent learning achievement can decrease, work productivity decreases and body immunity decreases so that the body is easily infected. Long-term effects of anemia in adolescent girls can occur complications of pregnancy and even the risk of maternal and perinatal death. Purpose of this studi is provide counseling and early detection of anemia to Midwifery students as an effort to make them aware in preventing and overcoming anemia. Methods: The target of this activity is 132 students of the Blora Midwifery Diploma Program. This activity is carried out by providing information or knowledge in the form of counseling to students about anemia and followed by history and physical examination. Only students who showed signs and symptoms of anemia who were tested for HB levels were 30 students. Results: Early detection of 30 students there were 53.3% who were not anemic and 46.7% were anemic. Most of the students' menstruation period is 6-7 days which is 73.3%. While the results of counseling some students already understand about anemia. Conclusion: Of the 132 students only 30 showed signs and symptoms of anemia. Hb examination results are almost the same between respondents who are anemic and not anemic. It is hoped that the results of community service activities can be used as an illustration of the incidence of anemia in Midwifery students so that efforts can be made to prevent and manage anemia. Provide motivation and awareness to students to consume nutritious and iron-containing foods or to consume extra blood tablets.
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Rosing, Joanna L., Rami S. Komrokji, and E. Gordon Margolin. "Anemia in Elderly Hospitalized Veterans: Prevalence, Causes, and Clinical Impact." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 3756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.3756.3756.
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Abstract Anemia occurs frequently in elderly and has been identified as a public health issue. The purpose of our study was to identify the prevalence, causes and clinical impact of anemia among hospitalized elderly veterans. We performed retrospective review of all medical records of patients 65 years or older admitted over 6-month period to the general internal medicine service at Cincinnati Veteran Medical Center. Anemia was defined according to WHO criteria (< 13.0 g/dl in males and < 12.0 g/dl in females). Data were collected reviewing the electronic medical records. Variables included demographics, functional status, reason of admission, co-morbidities, medications, hemoglobin level on admission, and selected laboratory results. Causes of anemia were identified from the medical records or interpretation of laboratory data. Outcome variables included duration of hospitalization, end-of-hospitalization death, re-admissions, and survival at the end of the study. Database was generated using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics were used to describe rate, and causes of anemia. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables between patients with anemia and patients with no anemia and t-test was used for continuous variables. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox-regression analysis were used for survival analysis. Between January 2004-June 2004, 500 hundred patients 65 years or older were admitted to general medicine service. Mean age was 76 years. Majority of patients were males (97%) and white (71%). Coronary artery disease was the commonest identified reason for admission. Anemia was observed in 298 patients (59.6%) on admission. Mean hemoglobin level on admission was 12.2 +/− 2.39. The most common causes of anemia were iron deficiency anemia (25%), anemia of chronic disease/chronic renal disease 14%, blood loss 7%, vitamin B 12 deficiency (6%), Myelodysplastic syndrome (4%). Anemia was mutli-factorial in 10% of patients, 34% of patients had other causes of anemia or unknown cause. Baseline characteristics were similar between patients identified with anemia and non-anemic group except for race; where more Afro-American patients were in the anemia group 31% compared to 10 % in the non-anemic group (p-value < 0.0005). Malignancy, diabetes melitus, chronic renal failure, and cirrhosis were comorbidities more seen in the anemic group. There was no statistically significant difference between the anemic patients and non-anemic group regarding duration of hospitalization, re-admission, and end-of-hospitalization death rate. Survival was inferior among anemic patients within 6 month, 41% of patients died compared to 24% among non-anemic patients (Log Rank test, P value 0.0001) (Figure-1). Anemia was a statistically significant co-morbidity affecting survival among multivariable analysis using cox-regression analysis. This study is the first to address the high prevalence of anemia among hospitalized elderly veterans and suggests a clinical impact on survival. It raises questions to be better addressed in a prospective fashion. Figure Figure
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Khoshdel, Z., and S. Tomas. "A Prospective Study on Impact of Anemia and Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy, Baptist Hospital, Bangalore, India." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 5 (May 30, 2021): 1456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211551456.
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Aim: A prospective study on Impact of Anemia and Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy, Baptist Hospital, Bangalore, India Methodology: the prospective observational study was conducted for 6 months from September 2016_Febrry to 2017. All inpatients women who are pregnant and anemic. The patient data collection was used to collect all the details like inpatient number, age, sex, social history, history, laboratory data, diagnosis, therapeutic management. All inpatients diagnosed anemia in pregnancy and pregnant women without anemia. Fulfilling the inclusion criteria will be enrolled into the study and their prescriptions will be analyzed on daily basis. The prescription guidelines, Micromedex, interaction checker, drug interaction database, and Stockley's drug interaction book 8 edition. The drug interaction in prescription was collected and then compare with guidelines. When the analysis of prescription was completed then all data entered into the appropriate software and the results were gained. Results: The present study was focused to find out the presence of anemia in 110 pregnant women who were admitted to gynecology and OBG wards of BBH (Bangalore Baptist Hospital). Presence study showed that anemia was Confirmed in 50 patients. Of these 28(25.4%) of them diagnosed as mild anemic, 20 (18.1%) Of them with Moderate and 2(1.8%) of them as severe anemic patients. The result of this study showed that LBW is higher in anemic women 19(25%) compared to non-anemic 17(21%). Conclusion: The present study showed from a total of 110 patients were included in this study, anemia was confirmed in 50 patients. Of these 28(25.4%) of them diagnosed as mild anemic, 20(18.1%) Of them with Moderate and 2(1.8%) of them as severe anemic patients. More low-birth-weight (LBW) babies were born to anemic mothers. Anemia in pregnancy may be reduced by proper Iron and folic acid supplementation which can be improved through providing proper ANC services. Has also a recognizable association with fetal outcome. Keywords: Anemia, Iron, anemia, iron supplementation, pregnancy, low birth weight.
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Quaderi, Humaira Rafiqa, Md Mahbubul Hoque, Nawshad Uddin Ahmed, Dilruba Begum, and Bithi Debnath. "Prevalence of Anemia in Children Aged Six Months to Thirty Six Months - A Hospital Based Study." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 40, no. 2 (February 13, 2017): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v40i2.31565.
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Background: Anemia is a common problem in childhood, especially children aged 6months to 24 months old. In Bangladesh overall, 68 % of children aged 6-59 months are anemic. Anemia impairs normal development, decreases physical exercise tolerance & intellectual performance in children which may lead to a slowdown of growth in children. It constitutes a major public health problem in young children in the developing world with wide social & economic implications.Objective: To see the prevalence of anemia among hospitalized children aged 6 months to 36 months.Methodology: Children 6 months 36 months aged who were admitted in Dhaka Shishu (Children) hospital due to some acute illness, were enrolled from 1st June, 2010 to 30th August, 2010. Children were classified as anemic when Hb level was <11gm/dl. On the values of MCV and morphology of RBC anemic babies were further classified as microcytic anemia, normocytic anaemia and macrocytic anaemia. Again in children with microcytic hypochromic RBC, serum ferritin, Hb electrophoresis, stool R/E and c-reactive protein were done to find out the cause.Results: Among 331 admitted children, 201(61%) children had anemia (Hb <11gm/ dl), Male was 123(61.2%) and female was 78(38.8%). Mean hemoglobin concentration was 9.2±1.2 gm/dl. Mild, moderate, severe anemia were19%, 39.3% and 2.4% respectively. The most affected age group was 6-23 months(76%). Microcytic anemia, macrocytic anemia, and normocytic anemia were present in 101(50.2%), 10(5%) and 90(44.8%) cases respectively. Among the microcytic hypochromic anemia, IDA was found in 60(59.4%), which was 29.85% among total anemic children.Conclusion: A large proportion of hospitalized children under 3 years were found anemic. Raising awareness of the problem and providing health care education in this group will be the key strategies to prevent and control this huge public health problem in Bangladesh.Bangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (2) :98-102
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Mahjabeen, Nusrat, Shaikh Zinnat Ara Nasreen, and Safinaz Shahreen. "The Prevalence of Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) in Anemic and Non-anemic Pregnant Women at a Tertiary Level Hospital." European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 3, no. 4 (July 6, 2021): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.4.934.
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The incidence of maternal and fetal morbidities and mortalities are very high in anemic patients. According to WHO anemia is the most common medical disease in pregnancy in south east Asian region. 18-20 pregnant women are anemic in developed countries as compared to the incidence is as high as 40% to 75% in south east Asian region. According to Center of Disease Control (CDC) anemia in pregnancy means hemoglobin is less than 11 g/dl (Hematocrit; {Hct} < 33%) in the first and third trimester and less than 10.5 g/dl (Hct < 32%) in the second trimester. According to World Health Organization (WHO), anemia in pregnancy is defined as Hb level is less than 11gm/dl. As physiological hemodilution occurs during pregnancy, pregnant women are at higher risk of anemia and more commonly iron deficiency anemia. The aim of the study is to compare the risk of PROM between anemic pregnant women and non-anemic pregnant women. It is a prospective observational study held in Z.H.Sikder women’s medical college & hospital from April,2020 to march,2021. 100 cases of anemic and 100 cases of non-anemic pregnant women were purposively taken as study population. The prevalence of PROM equaled to 64% in pregnant anemic group. In bivariable analysis, the risk factors of anemia such as, maternal working condition, socio economic status and maternal age were studied. The risk of PROM is higher in anemic pregnant women than in non-anemic pregnant women. Doctors and healthcare workers should be more careful to prevent and treat anemia in pregnancy to avoid the adverse outcomes.
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Tandoh, Marina Aferiba, Abigail Owusuaa Appiah, and Anthony Kwaku Edusei. "Prevalence of Anemia and Undernutrition of Adolescent Females in Selected Schools in Ghana." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2021 (January 8, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6684839.
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Anemia among adolescent females is a major worldwide public health problem which should be given appropriate attention. Half of all anemic cases are caused by iron deficiency. In addition to anemia, poor nutrition is also a challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. This study determined the prevalence of anemia and undernutrition among adolescent females in school. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 151 adolescent females in four basic schools in the Ahafo region of Ghana. The hemoglobin level and anthropometry measures of participants were taken to determine their anemic and nutritional status. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent females in school was 50.3%. Out of the 151 participants, 6.6%, 19.9%, and 23.8% were severely anemic, moderately anemic, or mildly anemic, respectively. Only 2% of the participants were underweight, but the rate of stunting was 26.5%. The notable high prevalence of anemia that was found among adolescent females was correlated with other health and wellness concerns. Anemia and under nutrition negatively affect academic performance, productivity, and general wellbeing of adolescents; therefore, effective measures should be put in place to correct and eradicate these nutritional problems.
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Uba Nwose, Ezekiel. "Prevalence of Anemia and Risk of Adverse Bleeding Effect of Drugs: Implication for Therapy." Anemia 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/795439.
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This study aimed to evaluate the progress in reduction of prevalence of anemia in rural Australia. It also investigates the prevalence of hypoviscosity in anaemia with a view to determine the fraction of anaemic patients at risk of drug-inducible exacerbation of anemia. Archived clinical pathology data () for the period of 1999 to 2008 were utilized. The prevalence of anemia and hypoviscosity was evaluated by working out (i) the number that fell within anemia definition as a percentage of the population and (ii) the number that fell within hypoviscosity definition as a percentage of anemic patients. The prevalence in anemic diabetes and dyslipidaemia was further determined. There was progressive reduction in anemia from 6.1% to 3.2% over the ten years period. Prevalence of anemia is statistically significantly higher in males than in females (), but protein level is lower in anemic females than in anemic males (). The results further show that up to 75% of anemic patients may benefit from NSAID or salicylates. This paper highlights differences between genders. It suggests more concerted effort in men's health and speculates a new factor to investigate in women's health.
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Tandoh, Marina Aferiba, Abigail Owusuaa Appiah, and Anthony Kwaku Edusei. "Prevalence of Anemia and Undernutrition of Adolescent Females in Selected Schools in Ghana." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2021 (January 8, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6684839.
Full textAbstract:
Anemia among adolescent females is a major worldwide public health problem which should be given appropriate attention. Half of all anemic cases are caused by iron deficiency. In addition to anemia, poor nutrition is also a challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. This study determined the prevalence of anemia and undernutrition among adolescent females in school. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 151 adolescent females in four basic schools in the Ahafo region of Ghana. The hemoglobin level and anthropometry measures of participants were taken to determine their anemic and nutritional status. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent females in school was 50.3%. Out of the 151 participants, 6.6%, 19.9%, and 23.8% were severely anemic, moderately anemic, or mildly anemic, respectively. Only 2% of the participants were underweight, but the rate of stunting was 26.5%. The notable high prevalence of anemia that was found among adolescent females was correlated with other health and wellness concerns. Anemia and under nutrition negatively affect academic performance, productivity, and general wellbeing of adolescents; therefore, effective measures should be put in place to correct and eradicate these nutritional problems.
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Rashid, Mustafa Y., Adnan L. Abdulraheem, Gulzar S. Hama Amin, Shwan S. Weli, Rahman K. Faraj, Ali J. Muhialdin, and Seerwan A. Raheem. "Prevalence of Anemia, Iron Deficiency Anemia and its Socio-Demographic Factors among Pregnant Women in Garmian Province, Kurdistan region of Iraq." Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journal 7, no. 1 (June 15, 2023): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/cuesj.v7n1y2023.pp60-66.
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Anemia is the most common hematologic abnormality in pregnancy. Maternal anemia is associated with adverse fetal, neonatal, and childhood outcomes. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia, and iron deficiency anemia (IDA), the severity of the condition, and study the effect of some socio-demographic factors on pregnant women in Garmian province. The study was conducted among 157 pregnant women in Garmian province between 17 and 49 years old. Participants completed a questionnaire that included sociodemographic characteristics, disease, and gestational age. A hematological evaluation, including a complete blood count (CBC) and serum for ferritin testing. Results of this study have shown that the prevalence of anemia and IDA were 34.4% and 15.3%, respectively. Almost three-quarters of the pregnant women had mild anemia, while 31 % of the subjects had moderate anemia, and about 60% of the participants were diagnosed with normocytic anemia. The second trimester had the highest prevalence, with 51.9% for the anemic and 45.8% for IDA subjects, while the first trimester showed the lowest prevalence, with 14.8 % for anemic and 12.5% for IDA subjects. Age, occupation, gravidity with anemia, and iron deficiency anemia did not make a significant difference. Moreover, there was no significant difference in blood indices between anemic and IDA participants. The serum ferritin level was unaffected by the pregnancy trimesters.
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Yaremchuk, T. P., R. Ya Matsiura, and S. R. Matsiura. "Positive experience of iron hydroxid saccharose complex intravenous infusions in III degree anemic puerperas treatment." Infusion & Chemotherapy, no. 3.1 (October 11, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32902/2663-0338-2020-3.1-74.
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Objective. To improve the quality of severe anemic puerperas treatment on the ground of evaluation of the clinical efficacy of iron hydroxid saccharose complex intravenous infusions in the treatment of women with III degree hypochromic and posthemorrhagic anemias.
Materials and methods. The materials of research were 392 birth case reports of puerperas with III degree anemia, which gave birth in the Lviv Regional Perinatal Center in the first half of 2020. The methods of research were clinical, laboratory, ultrasound, instrumental, medical-statistical methods. Iron hydroxid saccharose complex infusions in a dose of 200 mg daily were performed in women once or twice with an interval of 2-3 days to receiving of Hb indicator >80 g/l, improving hematological indicators of anemia, disappearance of tachycardia, reducing other anemic syndrome manifestations. Women continued treatment with oral iron supplements under the female polyclinic supervision.
Results and discussion. Totally, 2,493 births and 806 cesarean sections were in Lviv Regional Clinical Perinatal Center, 9 cases of uterine bleedings were registered (0,27+0,09 % of all births) in the first half of 2020. In 0,15+0,07 % of cases obstetric bleedings developed due to uterine atony (0,2+0,09 % of parturitions). Intraoperative atonic obstetric bleedings developed in 0,12+0,06 % (0,5+0,25 % of cesarean sections). Anemias in the postpartum period were diagnosed in 392 puerperas, which formed 11,88+0,56 % of all births. Posthemorrhagic anemias accounted for 2,3+0,76 % of anemias, hypochromic anemias – 97,7+0,76 %. Iron hydroxid saccharose complex infusion was prescribed through one day after delivery. Adverse reactions were absent. Iron hydroxid saccharose complex application allowed to obtain clinical improvement in all cases within 5 days, increase Hb >80 g/l and improve anemia hematological indicators, speed up convalescence.
Conclusions. Iron hydroxid saccharose complex in the treatment of puerperas with III degree anemias (posthemorrhagic and hypochromic) have high clinical efficiency, well tolerated, reduce the hospital treatment duration.
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SYED RAZI HAIDER ZAIDI, ALIYA MUZAFFER, SAIRA FAYYAZ, and AROOJ FATIMA NAQVI. "FEMALE LITERACY AND ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY: EXPLORING RELATIONSHIP." Pakistan Postgraduate Medical Journal 27, no. 3 (June 1, 2016): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.51642/ppmj.v27i3.118.
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While anemia remains prevalent in all sexes yet pregnant females have higher prevalence which leads to complications and increases morbidity as well as mortality. The study aimed at exploring effect of female literacy in anemia in pregnancy so as to identify risk in illiterate women to enhance preventive strategies to high risk group as well as improving maternal education. Methodology: 60 anemic and 60 non anemic women from poor socioeconomic background were assessed for literacy. Results: Among the study participants mean age was 26 +/-1.7yrs in anemic and 32+/-3yrs in non-anemic. Mean income in study group was 12000rs +/-1000, in anemic women 42 had moderate anemia with mean Hb at 9.2g/dl +/- 0.6gg/dl while 18 had severe anemia with Hb at 6.1 g/dl +/-0.3g/dl, mean Hb in non-anemic women was 12.3g/dl +/-0.4gm/dl. In anemic group mean parity was at 3 while it was 2 in non anemic group. Out of 60 anemic women 14 were literate and 46 were not while among non anemic 33 were literate and 27 were not, p at 0.0004. Conclusion: Illiteracy is associated with anemia in pregnancy and require multi sectorial approach for educating and counseling females to reduces maternal and child morbidity and mortality.
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Hu, K., D. Shasha, P. Homel, and L. B. Harrison. "Prevalence, severity, and evolution of anemia in colorectal cancer patients receiving radiation therapy with/without chemotherapy: a retrospective analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 13510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.13510.
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13510 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients frequently present with anemia. Anemia may also develop or be exacerbated in CRC patients as a consequence of treatment with radiation therapy (RT) with or without (±) chemotherapy (CT). A better understanding of the relationship between anemia and RT ± CT is important as several studies have found that hemoglobin (Hb) levels are predictive of RT outcomes and that low Hb levels can diminish patient quality of life (QOL). However, the prevalence and evolution of anemia before and during RT ± CT are poorly characterized in CRC patients. Methods: Prospectively collected data from 81 CRC patients who received 10 weeks of curative-intent RT alone (26%) or in combination with CT (74%) were analyzed retrospectively to determine prevalence, severity, patterns and contributing factors of anemia. Results: Prior to RT ± CT, 38% of patients (n = 71, evaluable population) were anemic (defined as Hb ≤12 g/dL) and by the end of treatment, 61% were anemic (including 41% of patients not anemic and 93% anemic pre-treatment). A significant (P <.001) decrease in mean Hb for all patients was already apparent after <5 weeks RT ± CT, ie, from 12.6±2.0 g/dL to 11.5±1.8 g/dL, and the decrease in Hb remained consistent over time (see Table). The greatest Hb decrease was noted in patients not anemic pre-treatment, although not all became anemic. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression identified pre-treatment anemia (P = .0006) and age (P = .02) as the factors most strongly associated with intra-treatment anemia. Conclusions: Because anemia can adversely affect QOL and possibly also treatment outcomes in cancer patients, this condition needs to be addressed as part of the overall management of anemic colorectal cancer patients. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Liu, Z. G., Z. Y. Zhou, X. R. Wan, S. M. Zheng, and L. P. Yang. "Anemic pathogenesis of chicken infectious anemia." Pathophysiology 5 (June 1998): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0928-4680(98)80893-6.
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MATUR, ERDAL, ELIF ERGUL EKIZ, MERT EREK, EZGI ERGEN, SUAT HAYRI KÜÇÜK, SONGÜL ERHAN, and MUKADDES ÖZCAN. "Relationship between anemia, iron deficiency, and platelet production in dogs." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 75, no. 02 (2019): 6233–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6233.
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Platelet production increases in anemic people. In particular, iron deficiency causes reactive thrombocytosis in such patients. Although anemia and iron deficiency are frequently seen in dogs, there are no published studies on this subject. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between anemia, iron deficiency, and platelet production in dogs. A total of 81 dogs brought to the university animal hospital with signs of anemia were used. Haemogram parameters, serum iron (Fe), erythropoietin (EPO), and thrombopoietin (TPO) levels, as well as total iron binding capacity (TIBC), were measured. Transferrin saturation (TSAT) ratios were calculated. The animals were categorized as anemic or non-anemic, mildly anemic or moderately/ severely anemic, and having iron deficiency or no iron deficiency according to haemogram parameters and the serum Fe level. A high platelet number was observed in dogs with mild anemia. Dogs with mild anemia also had higher serum EPO levels than dogs with moderate/severe anemia (P = 0.047). Iron deficiency was detected in 31 dogs. The platelet number was higher in dogs with iron deficiency (P = 0.004). It was also observed that dogs with iron deficiency had higher serum EPO levels (P = 0.027) and lower TPO levels (P = 0.025) than dogs without iron deficiency. In conclusion, it can be said that mild anemia and iron deficiency cause thrombocytosis in dogs. The increased serum EPO levels, both in dogs with mild anemia and those with iron deficiency, suggest that the increase in platelet production is due to EPO. Nevertheless, there is a need for further research to fully understand the underlying mechanism.
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Chen, Chong, Wenhui Zhou, Wenliang Fan, Xianying Ning, Shuai Yang, Ziqiao Lei, and Chuansheng Zheng. "Association of anemia and COVID-19 in hospitalized patients." Future Virology 16, no. 7 (July 2021): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2021-0044.
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Aim: COVID-19 is a major threat to public health worldwide. A large proportion of COVID-19 patients is proved to develop anemia. Herein, we investigate the association between anemia and severe pneumonia. Materials & methods: 137 of COVID-19-confirmed patients admitted to Wuhan Union Hospital (Wuhan, China) from 13 February to 17 March 2020 were included. Their clinical characteristics and laboratory data were studied, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: The anemic patients were less likely to develop fever in the early stage of COVID-19. Elevated IL-6 levels were found in anemic COVID-19 patients compared with those without anemia. COVID-19 patients with anemia had an 8.2 times greater possibility of developing severe pneumonia compared with their counterparts without anemia. Conclusion: This study comprehensively describes the clinical characteristics of anemic patients with ordinary, severe and critical COVID-19 and demonstrates the close relationship between the anemia and severe COVID-19.
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Iwatsuki, Yoshiyuki, Koki Kitamura, and Ken-ichi Suzuki. "Shortened Lifespan of Red Blood Cells and the Effects of Erythropoietin in Rats with Nephrogenic Anemia." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 1977. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.1977.1977.
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Abstract Abstract 1977 Poster Board I-1000 Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), mainly due to the inability of the kidneys to secrete enough erythropoietin to adequately stimulate hematopoiesis. Further, given that the lifespan of red blood cells (RBCs) has been reported to be reduced in CKD patients, this reduction in RBC lifespan is believed to be a part of the etiology of renal anemia. In the present study, we focused on RBC survival and measured the lifespan of RBCs in rats with nephrogenic anemia. We also examined the effects of erythropoietin on RBC lifespan in this anemia model. Nephrogenic anemia was induced by oral administration of adenine (600 mg/kg/day for 10 days) to male Wistar rats. Progressive, serious anemia associated with increased levels of plasma creatinine was observed in the rats. On Day 40, the number of RBCs and hemoglobin (HGB) levels were lower in the adenine-treated rats than in normal, control rats (normal: 930×104/μL, anemic: 677×104/μL for RBC and normal: 17.2 g/dL, anemic: 13.4 g/dL for HGB). However, the number of reticulocytes did not change in the anemic rats (normal: 299×103/μL, anemic: 329×103/μL, P = 0.102). The percentage of annexin V-binding erythrocytes was increased in anemic rats (normal: 0.77%, anemic 1.76%) and inversely correlated with RBC count and HGB levels, suggesting that apoptosis of RBCs increased as anemia progressed. Taking these findings into account, we measured the lifespan of RBCs in rats with nephrogenic anemia. We transfused 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate (CMFDA)-labeled RBCs from normal donor rats into either normal or anemic recipients and determined the number of labeled RBCs present in the peripheral blood at various time points thereafter. The time course of the reduction in the percentage of labeled RBCs in peripheral blood revealed that the half-life (t1/2) of RBCs in anemic rats was shorter than in normal rats (normal: 22.5 d, anemic: 13.3 d). This reduction in RBC lifespan was also observed in a rat model of cisplatin-induced renal anemia. Injection of anemic rats with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) restored the number of RBCs and HGB concentration to normal levels. However, the t1/2of RBCs in these rats was not changed. The clearance of RBCs in anemic rats does not appear to be influenced by rhEPO injection. In conclusion, the survival of RBCs was reduced in rats with nephrogenic anemia, an observation consistent with the shortened survival time of RBCs in renal failure patients. This finding suggests that this model is suitable for investigating drugs which may be used in the treatment of renal anemia. Further, because EPO therapy did not affect the lifespan of RBCs, agents which improve the shortened RBC survival inherent in CKD patients may be useful in treating renal anemia. Disclosures: Iwatsuki: Astellas Pharma Inc.: Employment. Kitamura:Astellas Research Institute of America LLC: Employment. Suzuki:Astellas Pharma Inc.: Employment.
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Skvortsov, Vsevolod Vladimirovich, and Anastasia Romanovna Ponomareva. "B₁₂-deficiency anemia in the work of the nurse." Medsestra (Nurse), no. 9 (July 21, 2021): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-05-2109-10.
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B₁₂-deficiency anemia (megaloblastic anemia, pernicious anemia, Addison-Birmer disease), characterized by progressive hyperchromic, macrocytic anemia, hypersegmentation of neutrophil nuclei, megaloblastic erythropoiesis and morphological abnormalities of other hematopoietic growths in the bone marrow; Unlike other anemias, B₁₂-deficiency anemia is often associated with the development of pathological psycho-neurological symptoms (funicular myelosis).This article deals with problems of etiology, pathogeny, clinical symptomatology, approaches to detection and treatment of B₁₂-deficiency anemia.
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Rajagopal, Shanmuga Sundaram, Krishnaveni Kandasamy, Amrita Prasad, Anjana Surendran, Anne Christy Sebastian, and Sambathkumar Ramanathan. "EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN A RURAL COMMUNITY; A HOME-BASED SCREENING." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i2.15661.
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Objective: The prevalence of anemia is disproportionately high in developing countries due to poverty, inadequate diet, certain diseases, pregnancy and lactation, and poor access to health services. It is a risk factor for cardiovascular health and early death in adult. To estimate the prevalence of anemia and its associated risk factors in a rural a community in India.Methodology: Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, an observational house-to-house survey was conducted for a period of 6 months, by screening for anemia, using digital strip type hemoglobin meter. Result: Out of 200 people, 146 were anemic of which 77 were with mild anemia, 67 with moderate anemia and only 3 had severe anemia. There were more number of anemic patients in the group of normal and underweight (Normal=86, 58.90%; Underweight=27, 18.49%) than that of overweight and obese (Overweight=22, 15.06%; Obese=11, 7.53%). The newly diagnosed cases of anemia were 138 and previously diagnosed cases of anemia were 8. Out of 146 anemic populations, 13 were hyperlipidemics, 20 were hypertensives, 18 were diabetics, 5 were thyroid patients and 4 were cardiac patients. Conclusion: This screening program helps to diagnose anemia in a selected population and benefit avoiding further complications by offering adequate patient counseling. Study population was enriched with information on nutrition intake and importance of maintaining hemoglobin concentration at normal level in day-to-day life of an individual.Keywords: Anemia, Nutrition, Screening, Hemoglobin.
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Sinha, Kavita, Homnath Adhikari, Amrendra Kushwaha, and Goma Rimal. "Maternal and Perinatal Outcome in Anemic Pregnancies." Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College 18, no. 2 (August 9, 2021): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngmc.v18i2.38860.
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Introduction: Anemia in pregnancy is a public health problem of developing countries and has a significant impact on the health of mother and fetus. It is one of the leading cause responsible for maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Aims: To find out the severity of anemia in pregnancy and its maternal and perinatal outcome. Methods: A prospective randomized case control study undertaken in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nepalgunj Medical College, Kolhapur from September 2019 to August 2020. Total of 200 study subjects were enrolled, cases and control were 100 each, with cut off for anemia as 11gm/dl. Results: Out of 100 cases of anemia, 58 were mildly anemic (Hemoglobin: 10-10.9), 23 moderately (7-10) and 21 severely anemic (<7gm/dl). Anemic cases were found to have higher incidence of preterm birth (8%), postpartum hemorrhage (5%), and maternal morbidity (19%) than in non-anemic controls. Adverse fetal outcome in the form of preterm birth (8%), Intrauterine Growth Restriction (14%), Still birth (3%), Early neonatal death (4%), Low birth weight babies (22%), neonatal morbidity (17.5%) was more in anemic group than non-anemic controls. Conclusion: Anemia in pregnancy has adverse effects on the mother and fetus. It is important to diagnose and treat anemia in pregnancy to ensure optimal health of mother and newborn.
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Mangla, Divya, Sheetal Gole, Nikhil Bansal, Sushma Yadav, Ravinder Kharolia, and Abhishek Singh. "Risk factors of severe anemia among the pregnant women from an underprivileged rural area of northern India: a multivariate analysis." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 10 (September 28, 2022): 3824. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20222578.
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Background: India serves as a home to 45.7% of anemic pregnant women (aged 15-49) with anemia of any grade during the course of their pregnancy. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors of severe anemia among pregnant women.Methods: Eligible antenatal women irrespective of period of gestation were screened for presence of anemia with help of hemoglobin (Hb) value at the time of admission. Typing of anemia was done. Detailed history was followed by physical examination. Univariate and multivariate analysis was done to study the risk factors of severe anemia among the study subjects.Results: Of total, 22.1% women were found to be severely anemic. Severely anemic women having residence in a rural area without road had odds more than twice (AOR=2.14) compared to severely anemic women having residence in a rural area connected with road (p=0.018). Similarly, severely anemic women aged <25 years (AOR=2.70), Illiterate (AOR=3.12), marriage age <18 years (AOR=2.33), having age at 1st pregnancy as <19 years (AOR=1.93), undergone ≤3 ANC visits (AOR=3.95). Anemic women with gravida score ≥4 had more than 4 times risk (AOR=4.15).Conclusions: The significant risk factors of severe anemia among pregnant women as observed in this study were having residence in a rural area without road, age <25 years, illiteracy of mother, marriage age (<18 years in completed years), age at 1st pregnancy as <19 years, ≤3 ANC visits, gravidity ≥4 and non-sanitary type toilet facility at home.
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Mary Sam, Sancy, and Padmaja Udaykumar. "DOES KNOWLEDGE AND INCREASED AWARENESS AMONG OUR FEMALE POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS CONTRIBUTE TO IMPROVE THEIR HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS?" Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 10 (September 1, 2017): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i10.20264.
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Objective: Anemia is frequent among young women including medical students that remain unnoticed. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of anemia in women postgraduate (PG) medics.Methods: Hemoglobin (Hb) level of the participants was estimated and correlated with history.Results: Eligible women PG medics (n=100) with a mean±standard deviation (SD) age of 25.92±1.5 years and body mass index (BMI) of 21.51±2.97 were enrolled. Of 44 anemic students, 32 had moderate anemia and 21 (47.73%) belonged to the 3rd year postgraduation. Only 16 students were underweight, eight in anemic and non-anemic group each. None had any history of occult bleeding. Twenty-four (24.0%) students had taken anti-helminthic treatment within 6 months before enrollment. Mean Hb levels were 11.54±1.21 g/dL. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between mean Hb level of the anemic students (Hb - 10.35 g/dL) and the non-anemic individuals (Hb 12.49 g/dL). There was no statistical significant difference (p>0.05) in the occurrence of anemia among vegetarians (mean±SD Hb 11.21±1.11 g/dL) and non-vegetarians (mean±SD Hb 11.61±1.23 g/dL). There was no statistical significance (p>0.05) in Hb level/anemia and BMI, dietary habits, duration, and heavy flow during menstruation between non-anemic and anemic students.Conclusion: Anemia is still a concern in young women, and PG medical students are no exempt. Although none had severe form, anemia of moderate severity is prevalent among our PG students. Dietary habits did not influence or contribute to the maintenance of adequate Hb levels. Knowledge increased awareness and being self-sufficient did not contribute to maintain adequate Hb level.
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Al-hajjiah, Nasma N., and Mohammed A Almkhadree. "THE EFFECT OF MATERNAL ANEMIA ON THE ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS IN FULLTERM NEONATES." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 4 (April 1, 2018): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i4.25579.
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Objective: The current study was performed to understand the effect of maternal anemia and its severity on anthropometric measurement of full-term neonates.Methods: In this study, 254 pregnant women were involved in this study. The women with anemia were classified depending on the hemoglobin concentration into three groups of mild (10.9–9.0 g/dl), moderate (8.9–7.0 g/dl), and severe anemia (˂7.0 g/dl). The anthropometric measurements of the newborns were measured including birth weight, length, and head and chest circumference. Mothers with chronic diseases, preterm neonates, postdate neonates, neonates with congenital anomalies, or critical illnesses had been excluded from the study.Results: A total of 147 (58%) mothers had normal hemoglobin levels, and 107 (42%) mothers were anemic. The newborns were 123 males and 131 females. From the anemic mothers, 59 (55%) neonates had low weight, and 48 (45%) neonates had normal weight. In mothers with mild anemia (n=83), 40 (48%) neonates had low weight. In mothers with moderate anemia (n=21), 16 (76%) neonates had low weight. In mothers with severe anemia (n=3), all of their neonates had low weight. The current study revealed a statistically significant difference (p=0.002) in the anthropometric measurement of the full-term neonates between anemic and non-anemic mothers. There was also a statistically significant difference (p=0.001) in the anthropometric measurement of the full-termed neonates between severely and mildly anemic mothers.Conclusion: The current study shows that maternal anemia affects the anthropometric measurements of newly delivered full-term neonates. Neonates born to anemic mothers had low birth weight and shorter length than those in neonates who were born to non-anemic mothers.
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Kim, Eun Young, and Youn-Jung Son. "Association between Anemia and Cognitive Impairment among Elderly Patients with Heart Failure." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16 (August 15, 2019): 2933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162933.
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Cognitive impairment is more prevalent in heart failure (HF) patients. Anemia can influence cognitive ability and is likely more prevalent in elderly patients with HF. However, there are limited data on the association of anemia with cognitive impairment in elderly HF patients. This study aimed to identify the association between anemia and cognitive impairment in elderly HF patients. This secondary data analysis included 181 patients aged 60 years or older with HF. Patients were categorized into an anemic or non-anemic group based on World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. We assessed the cognitive function using the Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) at the time of enrollment. The prevalence of anemia and cognitive impairment in older patients with HF was the same at 35.4%. The main finding of the multiple logistic regression indicated that compared to a non-anemic status, anemia increased the risk of cognitive impairment (odds ratio (OR) = 4.268, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.898–9.593, p < 0.001). Healthcare providers should recognize the value of the significance of early assessment of anemic status and cognitive function following HF. A prospective cohort study should identify the pathway of the association between anemia and incidence of cognitive impairment.
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Arshad, Syed Ahmed, and Jamal Ara. "Anemia in Diabetes – An Added Dilemma." European Journal of Clinical Medicine 2, no. 3 (July 14, 2021): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2021.2.3.67.
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Aim: To study the frequency of anemia in diabetes of an adult population.
Methodology: This cross-sectional observational study included 277 adult patients, above the age of 18 years, who were diagnosed as having diabetes by clinical and laboratory basis and were considerably controlled on their prescribed management. The study was conducted in Creek General Hospital Karachi from October to December 2020 by random based sampling technique. After a written consent answers were noted according to the questionnaire and the relevant data was tabulated and analyzed. Patients with complications or with other chronic illness, except hypertension, were excluded. The data was evaluated for the frequency of anemia in diabetics, categorizing the severity of anemia into mild, moderate, and severe. Universal variables like gender and age were assessed.
Results: Among the 277 patients in the study, there were 121(43.7%) males and 156 (56.3%) females. There were 17 (6%) in the young age group, 162 (58.5%) in the middle age group and 98 (35.4%) elders. The mean hemoglobin was 11.1 gm/dl. Out of 277 there were 222 (80%) who fell in the category of anemia. There were 90 out of 121 (74%) males who were anemic and 132 out of 156 (84%) females who were anemic. The most frequent category of anemia was moderate anemia (48%) followed by mild category (46%). Mild anemia was more frequent in males while moderate anemia was more prevalent in females. Anemia was higher in percentage in the younger group (88%). Mild to moderate anemia was more prevalent than severe in all age groups. 81% of hypertensive, diabetic patients was anemic. 78% smokers had anemia. There was visible increase in frequency of anemia as the duration of diabetes increased. Conclusion: Anemia is highly prevalent in diabetics.