Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aneurisma aorta'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Aneurisma aorta.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Goulart, Gladstone. "Aneurisma de aorta abdominal roto." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312328.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-31T15:08:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Goulart_Gladstone_M.pdf: 10287445 bytes, checksum: 33d3b6d03f2c487d83f0162600995f42 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001
Resumo: o presente estudo tem por finalidade estabelecer um programa de atendimento ao paciente do PS com dor abdominal aguda, suspeito de AAAR, para reduzir os graus de morbidade e mortalidade. Foram atendidos no PS do Hospital de Clínicas da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas na Unicamp, de janeiro de 1990 a dezembro de 1995, 23 pacientes com dores abdominais, sendo 20 homens e três mulheres com idade de 44 a 80. Seis pacientes (26,08%) tinham conhecimento da doença e 17 (73,91%) não tinham. Cinco pacientes (22%) foram encaminhados de outros hospitais com diagnóstico equivocado: cólica renal, pancreatite, patologias de coluna vertebral e lombalgia. Foram operados 18 pacientes (78,26%) de urgência e cinco pacientes (21,73%) de emergência. Dos cinco pacientes atendidos na emergência, quatro já tinham feito US, dois com TC e um paciente sem nenhum exame. Na urgência, oito pacientes (34,78%) fIZeramUS e 15 pacientes fizeram Te. Os 23 pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: os que apresentavam quadro clínico de rotura e que foram atendidos no PS antes de 24h e os que foram atendidos após 24h. Dos 23 pacientes, sobreviveram dez (43,47%) com 56,52% de mortalidade. O infarto agudo do miocárdio foi a patologia que causou maior número de óbitos. A cirurgia para correção do AAAR mostrou que os pacientes atendidos na emergência com evolução clínica de rotura maior que 24h apresentaram melhor sobrevida no pós-operatório que os pacientes com evolução clínica de rotura menor que 24h. Os pacientes atendidos na urgência em comparação com os da emergência apresentaram uma melhor sobrevida no pós-operatório. Assim, conclui-se que quando houver forte suspeita clínica de AAAR, os pacientes devem ser encaminhados imediatamente à sala de operação. O paciente deve ser tratado cirurgicamente antes de transcorridas 24h do primeiro sintoma, considerando que o diagnóstico de AAAR é essencialmente clínico. Os pacientes admitidos no PS, com quadro clínico de abdome agudo devem ser submetidos à laparotomia exploratória, não se esquecendo de que pode ser AAART. Os pacientes com história de AAA serão submetidos à laparotomia para o tratamento da rotura do aneurisma. Os pacientes com mais de 60 anos de idade devem ser submetidos a exame de imagem para avaliar aorta e tratar profilaticamente o aneurisma antes da rotura
Abstract: The present study OOsthe objective of both establishing a nursing in the Emergency room (E.R) for patients suspected, of OOvingruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAA) and reducing the morbidity and mortality rates. Twenty-three patients with acute abdominal pain were operated on in the emergency room of Clinical Hospital in the Unicamp between January 1990 and December 1995: twenty men and three women with ages varying ftom 44 to 80. Six patients (26,08%) OOdprevious knowledge of their illness and 17 (73,91%) didn't OOveany. Five patients (22%) OOdcome from other hospitaIs with wrong diagnostic: renal pain, pancreatic and vertebral spine pathology. Eighteen patients (78,26%) underwent urgent surgery and five patients (21,73%) were operated on in the Emergency room (E.R). From these, four had already undergone US, two had done CT and one had no exams. In the Urgency room (D.R), eight patients (34,78%) had undergone US and fifteen OOddone CT. The patients were separated in two groups: those who presented clinical characteristics oí ruptured aneurysm and were hospitalized within 24h and the others afier 24h. From the total of 23 patients, 13 did not survive. The acute myocardial infarction was the pathology, which caused high mortality rates. CONCLUSION: l-Surgery to correct RAAA showed that patients were nursed into the Emergency room with clinical evolution of ruptured afier 24h, showed a better post-operative prognosis than patients of ruptured before 24h; 2-The patients were nursed in the Urgency room comparing with those of Emergency room, showed a better prognosis in the post-operative. So, we conclude tOOtwhen there is strong medical suspicion of RAAA, patients must be immediately taken to the operating room; 3-Patients must be surgically treated within 24h ofthe first syrnptoms, considering tOOthe RAAA diagnosis is essentially clinical; 4-Patients taken into the Emergency room, with acute abdominal pain ofunknown cause, must be submitted to a sound surgery, OOvingin mind tOOthe result can be that of a tamponed RAAA; S-Patients with AAA history will OOveto undergo on operation to correct the rupture of the aneurysm; 6-Patients over 60 must OOvethe aorta evaluated through CT or US and the aneurysm prophylatically treated to prevent rupturing. With the achieved results, a proposed protocol was elaborated, translated into the following algorithm: ...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Mestrado
Cirurgia
Mestre em Cirurgia Medica
Rampinelli, Amandio. "Tratamento endovascular do aneurisma da aorta abdominal." Florianópolis, SC, 2000. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/79066.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T22:48:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Avaliar a factibilidade e a eficácia do tratamento endovascular com à utilização de endopróteses auto-expansíveis em um modelo experimental de Aneurisma de Aorta Abdominal em cães. Em nenhum dos casos observou-se fuga, migração ou oclusão das endopróteses. O tratamento endovascular dos Aneurismas de Aorta Abdominal em modelo experimental em cães mostrou-se factúvel e eficaz.
Duque, Marcos André Araújo. "Aspectos epidemiológicos e histopatológicos associados à aterosclerose e aneurismas dissecantes da aorta." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPE, 2013. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/12041.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2015-03-11T18:41:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertaçao Marcos Duque.pdf: 1997992 bytes, checksum: 3f20e8bdcba14f1d5bccbdf8f4968565 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
O aneurisma aórtico é uma das principais causas de mortalidade na população idosa, devido o risco de ruptura. A aterosclerose é um componente ativo no processo de dilatação da aorta e no desenvolvimento quanto nos aneurismas, parece ser promovido pelos mesmos fatores de risco, como o tabagismo, hipertensão e hipercolesterolemia. O objetivo deste estudo foi fazer uma análise comparativa dos principais aspectos epidemiológicos e histopatológicos entre o aneurisma aórtico e a aterosclerose em humanos. Foram estudados 67 casos necropsiados no Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde localizado na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco na cidade do Recife – Brasil durante o período de 2010 a 2013. Os resultados das coletas destes 47 indivíduos (70%) tinham comprometimento aneurismático e 20 aortas necropsiadas com alto grau de aterosclerose aórtica. Também foram estudados lesões de acordo com a porção da aorta identificando-se casos de aneurisma de aorta torácico (n=31) e aneurismas de aorta abdominal (n=16). O sexo predominante dentro das lesões aneurismáticas foram o masculino (55%), contudo, na lesão aterosclerótica a predominância esteve no sexo feminino com 11 casos (55%). As principais co-morbidades associadas foram a hipertensão 32 (76%) e o tabagismo28 (59%), tanto para os casos de aneurismas quanto para os casos com aterosclerose de aorta. Nas análises histopatológicas das três lesões deste estudo, observamos que o processo inflamatório esteve presente nos três casos, sendo de maior relevância nos casos de aterosclerose com 23% (n=14), quando comparados com aneurismas dissecantes da aorta torácico com 19% (n=12) e aneurismas dissecantes da aorta abdominal com 17% dos casos (N=10). O processo hemorrágico foi mais relevante em aneurismas dissecantes da aorta abdominal com 23% dos casos (n=14), em aneurismas dissecantes da aorta torácica foi de 23% (n=13) e nos casos de aterosclerose o percentual foi de 20% (n=12). Quanto a avaliação das fibras elásticas e colágenas, a degradação destas proteínas foi mais relevante nos casos de aneurismas dissecante da aorta abdominal, quando comparados com os casos de aneurismas da região torácica e aortas ateroscleróticas. A partir dos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que existem diferenças morfo-estruturais e epidemiológicas importantes entre os diferentes tipos de lesões da aorta, o que deve favorecer o desenvolvimento de mais estudos considerando-se estas lesões também como entidades distintas embora ocorram no mesmo vaso.
Argenta, Rodrigo. "Aneurisma de aorta torácica : um modelo experimental em suínos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/16366.
Full textAlmonacid, Jorge Bruno, and Irma Jaquelina Rodríguez. "Educación a pacientes con aneurisma y disección de aorta." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería, 2004. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/7882.
Full textFil: Almonacid, Jorge Bruno. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Fil: Rodríguez, Irma Jaquelina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Gentille, Lorente Delicia Inés. "Evaluación de la aorta infrarenal y cribado del aneurisma de aorta abdominal mediante la ecocardiografía transtorácica en pacientes visitados en cardiología." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/69364.
Full textThe increasing incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and its mortality of 85- 90% in the event of rupture justify opting for early diagnosis and elective treatment to repair it. So, this study included 687 patients consecutively assessed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for any reason in a cardiology department. An AAA was detected in 28 patients (4,2%), and the risk factors associated were to current and former smoking, age, presence of femoral murmur and a largest suprarenal aorta and aortic arch dimensions . Conclusions: It is feasible and useful to complement conventional TTE with the study of the infrarenal aorta for AAA screening in patients visited at the department of cardiology. This study should be performed mainly in patients with risk factors to develop an AAA (specially if they are ³ 55 years old) and in patients with a high punctuation in the calculated risk scores of AAA
Mandelli, Marcelo Barbosa. "Terapêutica endovascular de aneurismas da aorta torácica descendente." Florianópolis, SC, 2001. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/80166.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-18T11:11:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-09-25T21:54:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 191342.pdf: 14433862 bytes, checksum: cc1e66dba5d2378acb9665214916c3b4 (MD5)
Objetivo: Descrever a experiência inicial na utilização da endoprótese ApoloÒ na terapêutica de aneurismas, pseudoaneurismas e dissecções da aorta torácica descendente em humanos.
Tabacow, Fabio Bittencourt Dutra. "Análise computacional de esforços hemodinâmicos em aneurisma de aorta abdominal infra-renal antes e após a instalação de endopróteses." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3150/tde-16102014-161307/.
Full textAneurisms are permanently dilatation higher than 50% of the original diameter of an artery or of the proximal diameter of them, according to the published consensus of the Vascular Surgery Society of North America and International Society of Cardiovascular Surgery on 1991 (Vliet and Boll, 1997). Aortas Aneurism is a vascular disease that affects more than 5% of the male population, with more than 55 years old (How et al, 2005). Since 1991, a new method is used in the treatment of these diseases. This new method is less invasive and has less comorbidity. This method is provided by the installation of an endoprosthesis through the catheter through the femoral artery. In this work, the flow will be verified through three abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and the endoprosthesis indicated for the treatment of each of the aneurysms. Computational simulations were made in order to obtain the pressures, velocities of the blood flow and the shear stresses on the wall of geometries, using a pulse pressure and velocity of an individual physiological adult normotensive at rest. For the fluid simulations, it was adopted the blood as Newtonian fluid, incompressible and homogeneous. In simulations, it was used a K- model of turbulence, with 2nd order upwind interpolator and wall geometry treatment in order to obtain satisfied results (on the layers near the walls, and all the vortices). The results obtained in this work were satisfied, once they expressed the realistic behavior of the blood flow through the aneurysm and the endoprosthesis. It was possible to justify with this work the installation of an endoprosthesis inside patients, when it is necessary, in order to decrease significantly the vessels degradation, causing the aneurysm rupture.
Lederman, Alex. "Indução de aneurisma em aorta abdominal de porcos: um modelo endovascular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-06012016-163011/.
Full textAbdominal aortic aneurysms rupture are among the main causes of death. The high morbidity and mortality associated with aneurysm rupture and repair represents a challenge for surgeons and high risk for patients. Although experimental models are useful to understand, train, and develop new treatment and diagnostic methods for this disease, animal models developed to date are far from ideal. Animals are either too small and do not represent the pathology of humans, or the procedures employ laparotomy, or the aortic behavior does not resemble that of a true aneurysm. We developed a novel, less invasive and effective method to induce true aortic aneurysms in Large White pigs. Animals were submitted to an endovascular chemical induction using either calcium chloride (25%) or swine pancreatic elastase. Controls were exposed to saline solution. All animals were operated on using the same surgical technique under general anesthesia. They were followed weekly with ultrasound examinations and at 4 weeks the aorta was harvested. Although elastase induced only arterial dilation, imaging, histological, and biomechanical studies of the aorta revealed the formation of true aneurysms in animals exposed to calcium chloride. Aneurysms in the latter group had biomechanical failure properties similar to those of human aneurysms. These findings indicate that the endovascular approach is viable and does not cause retroperitoneal fibrosis
Tenório, Pedro Pereira. "Aspectos anatomopatológicos, ultraestruturais e histoquímicos do aneurisma dissecante da artéria aorta humana." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2012. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/12794.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2015-04-08T19:04:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertaçao_Final.pdf: 13975858 bytes, checksum: 364e1df862861b0e0394a5bfc11c769d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-10
Introdução: O aneurisma dissecante da aorta é caracterizado pela separação das camadas que constituem o vaso, formando uma luz virtual. Diversos processos bioquímicos-enzimáticos e genéticos estão envolvidos na origem e desenvolvimento desta afecção, além de fatores ambientais associados como etilismo, tabagismo e sedentarismo. Objetivos: Avaliar os principais aspectos anátomopatológicos, ultraestruturais e histoquímicos dos aneurismas dissecantes aórticos de cadáveres humanos comparando com os dados epidemiológicos como gênero, faixa etária, fumo e doenças correlatas. Material e Métodos: Foram obtidas peças anatômicas da aorta abdominal e torácica de cadáveres com faixa etária entre 28 a 91 anos com quadro de aneurisma dissecante (n=18), sendo (n=12) mulheres e (n=6) homens e amostras de aorta sem alterações anatômicas (n=21) para controle negativo. Resultados e Discussão: Quanto à análise macroscópica, 72,22% apresentou comprometimento ateromatoso de intensidade variável (moderado a grave) proporcional à faixa etária. 72,22% foi considerada como aneurisma dissecante de aorta do tipo A. Através da análise em microscopia eletrônica, pode-se verificar a fragilidade e perda da uniformidade tecidual nas aortas com aneurisma dissecante, quando comparada com o controle negativo. Quanto aos achados histopatológicos, a hemorragia e a dissecção estiveram presentes em todos os segmentos na maior parte da nossa casuística. A necrose esteve presente em todos os casos considerados com uma diminuição de glicosaminoglicanos proporcional a extensão da dissecção. Em relação aos dados epidemiológicos houve uma prevalência maior de mulheres (66,66%) acometidas quando comparado aos homens (33,34%). Conclusão: A dissecção, coleção hemática, necrose e diminuição dos glicosaminoglicanos, são os principais achados histológicos presentes nos casos de aneurisma dissecante, acometendo, sobretudo, mulheres a partir da quinta década de vida com hábitos que propiciam o desenvolver da doença. Estudos posteriores são necessários para melhor elucidar outros achados histopatológicos e epidemiológicos a fim de diminuir a morbi-mortalidade causada por esta doença.
Lain, Vinícius Victorazzi. "Avaliação em médio prazo da pressão intra-saco após correção endovascular de aneurisma de aorta abdominal com o uso de sensor sem fio." Florianópolis, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/103247.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2013-07-16T03:50:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 310110.pdf: 339089 bytes, checksum: 73dbf9bdb335a97c9e58214037a9667e (MD5)
Justificativa: O objetivo do tratamento endovascular do aneurisma de aorta abdominal é a exclusão do saco aneurismático da circulação sistêmica. Para acompanhar a eficácia do tratamento é necessária a realização de angiotomografias seriadas. A monitorização continuada da pressão poderia diagnosticar precocemente casos em que esteja ocorrendo falha desse tratamento, auxiliando ou substituindo a tomografia. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia em médio prazo da medida de pressão através de sensor sem fio implantado no saco aneurismático após tratamento endovascular de aneurisma de aorta abdominal (AAA). Desenho do Estudo: Quarenta pacientes submetidos a tratamento endovascular de aneurisma de aorta abdominal receberam implante de sensor sem fio para monitorização em médio prazo da pressão intra-saco. Os dados foram analisados no primeiro, sexto, décimo segundo meses e anualmente. A cada análise, uma angiotomografia informava o diâmetro do aneurisma, presença e tipo de vazamento. A pressão arterial sistêmica assim como todos os dados pressóricos obtidos através do sensor foram coletados. Resultados: No seguimento, dos 40 sensores implantados apenas em dois o sinal não pode ser detectado. A pressão de pulso obtida apresentou boa sensibilidade em afastar a presença de vazamento quando inferior a 25mmHg no primeiro ano. Após esse período, o Índice de Endotensão mostra-se como a variável que mais se aproxima dos dados tomográficos. Na presença de vazamantos tipo I ou III, o sensor é capaz de identificar sucesso ou falha após a correção do vazamento. Até o segundo ano de seguimento, resultados apresentados pelo sensor são concordantes com dados tomográficos, a partir daí, perdem acurácia. Conclusão: Na amostra estudada não foi possível obter sensibilidade suficiente para substituir a realização da tomografia no acompanhamento dos AAA tratados por técnica endovascular. Um maior número de pacientes é necessário para estabelecer o verdadeiro papel da monitorização pressórica sem fio no seguimento do tratamento endovascular do aneurisma de aorta abdominal.
Racional: The objective of endovascular treatment of an abdo-minal aortic aneurysm is to exclude the aneurysm sac from systemic circulation. In order to assess treatment effectiveness it is necessary to perform serial computed tomography (CT). Continued pressure moni-toring could provide an early diagnosis of cases in which this treatment is failing, helping or replacing CT. Objective: Evaluation of medium-term effectiveness of pressure measurement using a wireless sensor implanted in the aneurysm sac after endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Method: Forty patients undergoing endovascular treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm had a wireless sensor implanted for medium-term monitoring of intrasac pressure. The data were analyzed in the first, sixth and twelfth month and annually. At each analysis, a CT scan in-formed the aneurysm diameter, presence and risk of endoleaks. System-ic arterial pressure was collected, as well as all pressure data obtained through the sensor. Results: Of the 40 sensors implanted, the signal could not be de-tected only in two. The pulse pressure obtained presented good sensitivi-ty to rule out the presence of leakage when it was less than 25mmHg during the first year. After this period, the Endotension Index is the variable that comes closest to the CT scan data. With type I or III endo-leaks, the sensor can identify success or failure after endoleak repair. Until the second year of follow up, the results presented by the sensor agree with CT data, and then become less accurate. Conclusions: In the sample studied sufficient sensitivity could not be achieved to replace the CT when following AAA treated by the en-dovascular technique. A larger number of patients is needed to deter-mine the true role of wireless pressure monitoring when following en-dovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Araujo, Neire Niara Ferreira de. "Influência de fatores epigenéticos no aneurisma aterosclerótico da aorta abdominal de idosos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/98/98131/tde-07112016-095116/.
Full textAbdominal aortic aneurism (AAA) is an asymptomatic disease in the majority of cases that may occur in 5% of males over age 65, predisposing to the risk of rupture leading to a mortality rate of 80%. The aim of this study was to evaluate the DNA metilation and gene expression profile in tissue, and microRNA expression pattern in both plasma and tissue samples from individuals with and without AAA to identify biological markers and therapeutic targets for an early diagnosis and treatment of AAA, respectively. Genes and miRNA expression and DNA metilation profiles in AAA tissues (n= 6) were compared to abdominal aortic tissues obtained from organ donators without AAA (n = 6). We also compared circulating miRNAs profiles in plasma samples, between AAA (n = 6) and the control group without AAA (n = 6). For the gene expression analysis we used a qPCR Array (PAHS-015Z, QIAGEN®) to analyze genes related to human vascular endothelium. For the miRNA expression pattern and for DNA methylation analysis we used the Human miFinder 384HC miScript miRNA PCR Array (MIHS-3001Z, QIAGEN®) and EpiTect Methyl II (EAHS-581Z, QIAGEN®), respectively. The Ingenuity software was used to identify the interactions between the miRNAs and genes evaluated in this study. Four genes (SPHK-1, TYMP, ALOX5 and HIF1A) were upregulated and six other genes (PTGIS, CX3CL1, ITGB1, COL18A-1, FN1 e AGTR1) were downregulated in AAA tissues. In addition, the miRNAs analysis showed 24 miRNAs more expressed and 35 miRNAs less expressed in AAA tissue than controls. Although in plasma samples, AAA group presented 8 miRNAs more expressed and 8 miRNAs less expressed than controls. Only, miR-328-3p and let-7c-5p were differently expressed between AAA and controls in both tissue and plasma samples. DNA methylation analysis showed that the gene GDF15 was hypermethylated in AAA tissues when compared to the control group. Functional analysis revealed that PTGIS, a potent vasodilator and platelet activity inhibitor was supressed by miR-150-5p, which had a seven-fold increase in AAA tissues. Moreover, a possible interaction between PTGIS and miR-328-3p, about 4-fold decreased in AAA tissues, was showed. Thus, the downregulated genes in AAA tissues are targets of miRNAs with increased expression in the same biological sample. These results highlight the importance and influence of epigenetic factors for both development and severity of AAA.
Perini, Sílvio César. "Modelo suino de aneurisma de aorta abdominal com bolsa de pericárdio bovino." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15224.
Full textBackground: The correction of an aneurysm using endovascular techniques has gained importance with the improvement of materials. The study of endovascular prostheses requires experimental models that reproduce anatomic and physiopathologic characteristics of human aneurysms. This study describes a new swine model that used bovine pericardium and a retroperitoneal surgical approach. Material and methods: This prospective cohort study used eleven Large White female pigs with a mean age of 12 weeks in the two study phases. In phase I, the aneurysm was produced and surgery using a retroperitoneal approach to the aorta under general anesthesia was performed; and in phase II, 15 days later, the animals underwent arteriography and were later killed, and specimens were removed for histological analysis Results: The formation of parietal thrombus, which is also found in true aneurysms that involve 30 to 90% of the lumen, was observed in all animals. Microscopic analysis showed calcifications in the area of thrombus in 82% of the animals. There was lymphoplasmocytic infiltration in the graft and adjacent area, with fibrosis in nine animals. Three pigs had substantial myointimal thickening, and eight had microcalcifications. Mortality was zero, and there were no ruptures, ischemia or surgery site. Conclusion: The aorta and its collateral and terminal branches remained healthy, and structural findings were similar to those observed in human aneurysms: wall inflammation, periadventitial thrombus and wall calcification. The anesthetic and operatory techniques were satisfactory, and there was no morbidity or mortality during the study.
Gurgel, Sanderland José Tavares [UNESP]. "Recuperação acelerada após reparo cirúrgico aberto eletivo do aneurisma da aorta abdominal: revisão sistemática da literatura." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106002.
Full textO reparo cirúrgico aberto do aneurisma da aorta abdominal (AAA) é um procedimento com alta taxa de morbimortalidade, internação hospitalar prolongada e custo elevado. Neste cenário, os programas multimodais de aceleração da recuperação pós-operatória (PMARP) podem contribuir para a otimização dos cuidados ao paciente e diminuir a utilização de recursos financeiros, mantendo-se a qualidade e a segurança. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi avaliar a eficácia e a segurança destes programas no reparo cirúrgico eletivo do AAA. Realizou-se revisão sistemática de estudos clínicos envolvendo os PMARP no reparo cirúrgico do AAA, avaliando a eficácia e segurança, quando comparados com os cuidados perioperatórios convencionais. Estudos clínicos foram recuperados eletronicamente das bases de dados MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Cochrane Trials Register (CENTRAL), por meio de estratégia de busca com termos apropriados. Identificaram-se os estudos aleatorizados controlados e os não aleatorizados (série de casos). Formulários padronizados foram utlizados para extração de dados. A análise estatística dos estudos aleatorizados foi executada com o programa REVMAN 5.0.2 e para os estudos não aleatórios foi utilizado o StatsDirect. Foram recuperados 13 estudos de série de casos e um ensaio clínico aleatorizado controlado unicêntrico. No ensaio clínico aleatorizado e controlado verificou-se redução significativa no tempo de hospitalização com o PMARP. A metanálise proporcional de série de casos não resultou em nenhuma diferença significativa entre pacientes tratados pelo PMARP e o tratamento convencional. O PMARP em cirurgias eletivas de AAA reduz o tempo de internação hospitalar, sem aumento de mortalidade. Devido aos níveis baixos de evidências, existe a necessidade de realização de mais ensaios aleatórios controlados para gerar grau de recomendação mais sólido
The open surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a procedure with high morbidity and mortality rates, prolonged hospital stay and high cost. In this scenario, the multimodal program for accelerated postoperative recovery (MPAPR) can contribute to the optimization of patient care and reduce the use of financial resources, maintaining quality and safety. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these programs in elective surgical repair of AAA. We conducted a systematic review of clinical studies involving MPAPR in the surgical repair of AAA, evaluating the efficacy and safety compared with conventional perioperative care. Clinical studies were retrieved electronically from MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Cochrane Trials Register (CENTRAL), through search strategy with the appropriate terms. Identified the randomized controlled trials and non-randomized (number of cases). Standardized forms were utilized for data extraction. Statistical analysis of randomized trials were performed with the program RevMan 5.0.2 and the non-randomized studies was used StatsDirect. Retrieved 13 studies were case series and a randomized controlled single-center. In randomized controlled clinical trial found a significant reduction in hospitalization time with MPAPR. The meta-proportional number of cases resulted in no significant difference between patients treated by MPAPR and conventional treatment. The MPAPR in elective AAA reduces length of hospital stay without increasing mortality. Due to the low levels of evidence, there is a need for more randomized controlled trials to generate any degree of recommendation
Gurgel, Sanderland José Tavares. "Recuperação acelerada após reparo cirúrgico aberto eletivo do aneurisma da aorta abdominal : revisão sistemática da literatura /." Botucatu, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106002.
Full textCoorientador: Regina Paolicci El Dib
Banca: Yara Marconde Machado Castilia
Banca: Marcone Lima Sobreira
Banca: Luiz Marcelo Sá Malbouisson
Banca: Luís Vicente Garcia
Resumo: O reparo cirúrgico aberto do aneurisma da aorta abdominal (AAA) é um procedimento com alta taxa de morbimortalidade, internação hospitalar prolongada e custo elevado. Neste cenário, os programas multimodais de aceleração da recuperação pós-operatória (PMARP) podem contribuir para a otimização dos cuidados ao paciente e diminuir a utilização de recursos financeiros, mantendo-se a qualidade e a segurança. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi avaliar a eficácia e a segurança destes programas no reparo cirúrgico eletivo do AAA. Realizou-se revisão sistemática de estudos clínicos envolvendo os PMARP no reparo cirúrgico do AAA, avaliando a eficácia e segurança, quando comparados com os cuidados perioperatórios convencionais. Estudos clínicos foram recuperados eletronicamente das bases de dados MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Cochrane Trials Register (CENTRAL), por meio de estratégia de busca com termos apropriados. Identificaram-se os estudos aleatorizados controlados e os não aleatorizados (série de casos). Formulários padronizados foram utilizados para extração de dados. A análise estatística dos estudos aleatorizados foi executada com o programa REVMAN 5.0.2 e para os estudos não aleatórios foi utilizado o StatsDirect. Foram recuperados 13 estudos de série de casos e um ensaio clínico aleatorizado controlado unicêntrico. No ensaio clínico aleatorizado e controlado verificou-se redução significativa no tempo de hospitalização com o PMARP. A metanálise proporcional de série de casos não resultou em nenhuma diferença significativa entre pacientes tratados pelo PMARP e o tratamento convencional. O PMARP em cirurgias eletivas de AAA reduz o tempo de internação hospitalar, sem aumento de mortalidade. Devido aos níveis baixos de evidências, existe a necessidade de realização de mais ensaios aleatórios controlados para gerar grau de recomendação mais sólido
Abstract: The open surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a procedure with high morbidity and mortality rates, prolonged hospital stay and high cost. In this scenario, the multimodal program for accelerated postoperative recovery (MPAPR) can contribute to the optimization of patient care and reduce the use of financial resources, maintaining quality and safety. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these programs in elective surgical repair of AAA. We conducted a systematic review of clinical studies involving MPAPR in the surgical repair of AAA, evaluating the efficacy and safety compared with conventional perioperative care. Clinical studies were retrieved electronically from MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Cochrane Trials Register (CENTRAL), through search strategy with the appropriate terms. Identified the randomized controlled trials and non-randomized (number of cases). Standardized forms were utilized for data extraction. Statistical analysis of randomized trials were performed with the program RevMan 5.0.2 and the non-randomized studies was used StatsDirect. Retrieved 13 studies were case series and a randomized controlled single-center. In randomized controlled clinical trial found a significant reduction in hospitalization time with MPAPR. The meta-proportional number of cases resulted in no significant difference between patients treated by MPAPR and conventional treatment. The MPAPR in elective AAA reduces length of hospital stay without increasing mortality. Due to the low levels of evidence, there is a need for more randomized controlled trials to generate any degree of recommendation
Doutor
Carvalho, Adriana Camargo. "Niveis plasmaticos de vasopressina em cirugia de correção de aneurisma de aorta abdominal." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312004.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T22:15:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_AdrianaCamargo_M.pdf: 1640507 bytes, checksum: d217bd19f4b6097e48dac1bb2f824e35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Objetivos: Avaliar os níveis plasmáticos de vasopressina (AVP) em pacientes submetidos à correção cirúrgica não-complicada de aneurisma de aorta abdominal (AAA). Desenho: Estudo prospectivo, descritivo, observacional. Intervenções: Nenhuma. Local: Hospital de Clínicas da Unicamp. Métodos: A AVP plasmática foi mensurada por radio-imuno-ensaio em 22 pacientes não-consecutivos submetidos à correção cirúrgica convencional de AAA infra-renal, sob anestesia combinada (geral e epidural) nos seguintes tempos: pré-operatório (T0); 2h (T1) e 6h (T2) após o término da cirurgia; e nas manhãs do 1º (T3), 2º (T4) e 3º (T5) dia pós-operatório (PO). Algumas variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais de interesse foram registradas concomitantemente. Resultados: A idade média dos pacientes foi de 68,2±10,2 anos (variando de 49-82 anos), sendo 17 homens e 5 mulheres. Os níveis plasmáticos de AVP (média±DP pg/mL) estavam baixos e dentro da faixa de normalidade em T0 (1,4±0,7; controle), aumentando significativamente em T1 (62,6±62,9; p<0,001) e T2 (31,5±49,7; p<0,001), com uma queda exponencial a seguir, retornando aos níveis basais em T5 (2,1±3,8; p = NS). Correlações positivas e estatisticamente significativas foram encontradas entre a AVP e a glicemia, lactatemia e leucócitos sangüíneos, mas não com a pressão arterial sistêmica ou osmolaridade plasmática no PO. Conclusões: O padrão de aumento da AVP plasmática, com picos nas primeiras horas de PO nestes pacientes, sugere que esta resposta está diretamente relacionada ao trauma cirúrgico, mas não às alterações hemodinâmicas e da osmolaridade plasmática. A fisiopatologia deste padrão de resposta ao estresse é ainda obscuro, e merece investigações adicionais em procedimentos cirúrgicos gerais
Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate plasma vasopressin (AVP) levels in patients undergoing uncomplicated conventional abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. Design: Prospective, descriptive, observational study. Interventions: None. Setting: A tertiary academic hospital at Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Plasma AVP concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in 22 nonconsecutive adult patients undergoing infra-renal AAA repair under combined general and epidural anesthesia at the following moments: pre-operative (T0); 2h (T1) and 6h (T2) after surgical procedure; and by the morning at the 1st (T3), 2nd (T4) and 3rd (T5) postoperative days. Some clinical and laboratory variables were concomitantly recorded. Results: Patients mean age was 68.2±10.2 years (ranging 49-82 years), with 17 males and 05 females. AVP plasma levels (mean±SD pg/mL) were low and within the normal range at T0 (1.4±0.7; control), showing a significant increase at T1 (62.6±62.9; p<0.001) and at T2 (31.5±49.7; p<0.001), with a marked progressive fall in the subsequent days, returning to basal levels at T5 (2.1±3.8; p = NS). Positive and statistically significant correlations were found between AVP levels and glycemia, lactatemia and white blood cells counts, but not with systemic arterial pressure or plasma osmolarity during postoperative period. Conclusions: The pattern of plasma AVP increasing, peaking during the 1st postoperative hours, suggests that this response is directly related to the surgical trauma, but not to hemodynamic and/or plasmatic osmolarity derangements. The pathophysiology of this pattern of stress response is still unclear, and deserves further investigation in general surgical procedures
Mestrado
Pesquisa Experimental
Mestre em Cirurgia
Solanich, Valldaura Teresa. "Síndrome compartimental abdominal en aneurismas de aorta abdominal rotos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665385.
Full textIntroduction: Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAA) carry a high mortality. Patients who survive surgery have mortality rates of 32 to 80%1-4). Multi-organ failure during the immediate postoperative period is a very common cause of death. Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is present in 30-53% of cases and represents a frequent cause of multi-organ failure with both endovascular and open inter-ventions, which accounts for 70% of deaths (3). ACS is an independent predictor of mortality in RAAA and its prevention, detection and treatment with decompressive laparotomy can increase survival. The aim of the present study was to analyse 30-day survival of patients undergoing RAAA repair, the presence of risk factors for ACS and RAAA and the results obtained with delayed abdominal closure. Material and methods: A retrospective observational study was designed, with the inclusion of patients undergoing RAAA repair between 2002 and 2016 in the Angiology and Vascular Surgery service, at the Hospital Uni-versitari Parc Taulí. RAAA was defined as the extravasation of blood or haematoma outside the wall of the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in computed tomography (CT) angiography and/or evidence of haematoma outside the AAA during the surgery. The presence of ACS was established according to the parameters established by the WSACS or when primary abdominal closure could not be performed at the discretion of the vascular surgeon. Demographic variables, type of surgery, delayed abdominal closure, pre-, intra- and postoperative ACS risk factors and 30-day survival were collected. Results: A total of 61 patients were included out 85 eligible: 39 open and 22 endovascular surgeries.Patient not submitted to repair were excluded. Overall intra- and postoperative mortality was 54% (66.7% with open surgery and 31.8% with endovascular surgery (p=0.009)). The postoperative results of 43 patients who survived surgery were analysed: 21 (48.8%) with open surgery and 22 (51.2%) with endovascular surgery. Overall 30-day postoperative survival was 67.4% (61.9% with open surgery and 72.7 with endovascular surgery). The most frequent risk factors for abdominal compartment syndrome were: perfusion >5 litres, coag-ulopathy, transfusion > 6 units of packed red blood cells and metabolic acidosis. In the open surgery group: 12 presented ACS, 4 of which died, and 4 of the 9 patients who did not present ACS died (p=0.604). In the endovascular surgery group, 6 patients presented ACS, 4 of which died, and 3 of the 6 patients who did not present ACS died (p=0.032). Of the patients who underwent OS, the abdomen was left open in 9 cases (42.86%), and primary abdominal closure was performed in 12. Delayed abdominal closure increased survival (88.9% vs. 41.7%). Six patients in the endovascular group had decompressive laparotomy during the same sur-gical procedure. Decompressive laparotomy did not increase survival in the endovascular surgery group (42.9% vs. 87.5%). Conclusions: Abdominal compartment syndrome did not increase mortality in the open surgery group. Abdominal compartment syndrome increased mortality in the endovascular surgery group. Intraoperative mortality of RAAA was higher in the open surgery group. We did not detect differences in postoperative mortality of RAAA according to the type of surgery. The risk factors for abdominal compartment syndrome were: perfusion >5 litres, coagulopathy, trans-fusion >6 units of packed red blood cells and metabolic acidosis. Primary decompressive laparotomy increased survival in the open surgery group, but not in the endovascular surgery group.
Meirelles, Guilherme Vieira. "Prevalencia de dilatação da aorta abdominal em coronariopatas idosos." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313438.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T23:30:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Meirelles_GuilhermeVieira_M.pdf: 6464087 bytes, checksum: 2035ec561ad8fa0ee46c9445834f8e77 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003
Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi a avaliação da prevalência de dilatação da dilatação da aoita abdonünal em pacientes idosos com mais de 60 anos de idade, portadores de coronariopatia aterosclerótica diagnosticada por cineangiocoronariografia corre1acionada com mtores como extensão e gravidade da doença coronariana, presença de lesão arterial obstrutiva dos membros meriores, Diabetis mellitus, hipertensão arterial e tabagismo. Selecionou-se uma amostra de 180 indivíduos portadores de coronariopatia aterosclerótica comprovada por cineangiocoronariografia, com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos. Para a seleção dessa amostra levou-se em consideração o mto de que não tenha sido a indicação do cateterismo a avaliação pré-operatória de cjrurgia vascular. Procedeu-se então a avaliação, baseado na anamnese, exame físico e Doppler ultra-som da aoita abdominal. A análise estatística iniciou-se com o teste Qui-quadrado para avaliar a associação entre as variáveis. A partir das variáveis que apresentaram correlação procedeu-se a análise de regressão logística multivariada para se determinar a influência dos fatores de risco. Com estes dados em mãos, realizou-se a análise de regressão logística univariada considerando significativo um p<= 0,05. Dos 180 pacientes, 31,7% (57) dos casos pertencem ao sexo feminino, e 68,3% (123) ao masculino. A fiUxa etária variou entre 60 e 80 anos com idade média de 66,7 anos. Dos 16 indivíduos portadores de dilatação da aoita abdominal (10 aneurismas e 6 ectasias), apenas um indivíduo do sexo feminino. Dos 40 pacientes diabéticos, 2 (5%), apresentaram dilatação da aorta abdominal. Nos não portadores desta doença a prevalência da dilatação aórtica foi de 10% (14/140) indicando ausência de interação entre ambas doenças (p= 0,7268). A Hipertensão arterial aumentou a freqüência de dilatação da aorta abdominal para 9,4%, comparativamente a 7,5% (4 /53) dos pacientes não hipertensos, todavia esta diferença não foi significante (p= 0,3549). O tabagismo aumentou a prevalência de dilatação aórtica (15%; n=97) comparado aos indivíduos não fumantes (1,2% n=83; p = 0,0128). Os portadores de doença arterial obstrutiva dos membros inferiores apresentaram maior freqüência de di1atação da aorta abdominal (30,8%; n=26) comparado aos 154 indivíduos que não apresentavam doenças arteriais obstrutiva, que apresentaram 5,2% (8 casos) de dilatação aórtica (p = 0,0015). Utilizando-se O modelo de regressão logística mu1tivariada estudou-se a prevalência da dilatação da aorta abdominal com diferentes enfoques, determinando-se assim a probabilidade de se apresentar o evento em cada modelo selecionado. Desta forma o risco para um indivíduo com uma lesão aterosclerótica coronariana de apresentar di1atação da aorta abdominal foi de 0,4% no grupo avaliado. Da mesma forma nos portadores de 2 ou 3 lesões, o risco foi de 1,7%, e naqueles com mais de 3 lesões um risco de 4,5%. Quando associados ao tabagismo, estes valores alteraram-se respectivamente para 6,9%, 11,8% e 27,1 %. Considerando-se o modelo hipertensão e tabagismo, o indivíduo não hipertenso e não fumante apresentou um risco de 0,3%, o bipertenso de 0,67% e o tabagista de 2,3% de ser portador da dilatação da aorta abdominal. Associando-se os dois fatores, o risco sobe para 4,6% e associado à presença de mais de 3 lesões coronarianas, atinge 8,7%. Quando portador de doença arterial obstrutiva dos membros inferiores eleva o risco para 12,3%. O maior risco encontrado foi a associação de tabagismo e presença de doença arterial obstrutiva dos membros inferiores, neste caso o risco estimado é de 30,4%. O presente estudo permite concluir que a prevalência de di1atação da aorta abdominal foi de 8,9% (16 de 180 pacientes) nesta amostra específica. Apresentou-se de forma mais freqüente nos indivíduos do sexo masculino, tabagistas, bipertensos, portadores de doença arterial obstrutiva aterosclerótica dos membros inferiores, e em presença de lesões aterosclerótica difusa das artérias coronárias
Abstract: The aime of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of abdominal aortic dilatation in patients over 60 years old with coronary disease diagnosed by coronarygraphy, reJated to fàctors such as reach and seriousness of the coronarian disease, presence of periferic arterial obstruction lesions, diabetis melitus, arterial hypertension and smoking. The sample selected for the study was made of 180 individuais harbouring coronary disease proven by coronarygraphy. The exam was made at the institute of cardiovascular diseases at São José do Rio Preto and a1l patients were 60 years old or older and the indication of the catetherism was not the pre-operatory evaluation for the vascular surgery. The statistic analysis begun with the Q-square method, to evaluate the association between the variables. From the results, presenting correlation, a multivaried logistic regression method ana1ysis was used to determine the influence of the risk fàctors. An unvaried logistic regression analysis was than made, considering a p <= 0.05 significative. Among the 180 patients, 57 (31.7%) were women and 123 (68.7%) were man. The age was between 60 and 80 years old, with average of 66.7. The 15 cases of dilatation occurred on males with an average age of 69.2 years. Among the 16 individuais with aortic disease (10 aneurysm and 6 dilatation), on1y one was female. From 40 diabetic patients, 2 (5%) had shown aortic di1f1tation, and 14 (10%) of the 140 non-diabetics had morphologica1 changes of the abdominal aorta. There was no significative statistic relation in this ana1ysis (p=O.7268). Considering hypertense patients, 12 (9.4%) out of52 individuais had the aortic disease, whilst only 4 (7.5%) out of 128 non-hypertense patients had the disease (p=O.3549). From the 97 tobacco users, 15 (15.5) had the disease, compared with on1y 1 (1.2%) out of83 non-smokers (p=O.0128). On the 26 patients who had a peripheric arterial obstruction, 8 (30.8%) had the event, compared with 8 out of 154 (5.2 %) without a leg obstructive arterial disease (p=O.0015). Applying the multivaried logistic regression model the prevalence of aortic dilatation was studied under several points of view, determining the probability of the event on each selected model The risk for an individual who already has a coronary lesion to present an aneurism or ectasy was of 0.4% on the evaluated group. For those who had 2 or 3 lesions the risk was of 1.7% and 4.5% for those with more than 3 lesions. When associated to smoking, those va1ues increased respectively to 6.90,10, 11.8% and 27.1 %. No hypertension nor tobacco user individuals had presented a risk of 0.3% to have aortic dilatation. Hypertensive patients had 0.7% and smokers 2.3%. When both 1àctors were associated, the risk raised to 4.6%. Association of more than three coronarian lesions leads the risk 8.7% and the presence of an arterial obstruction of the inferior members increases the risk to 12.3%. The largest risk found was in the association of peripheric arterial obstruction and smoking, achieving 30.4%. The Present study allows the conclusion that the prevalence of abdomÜ1al aortic dilatation was of 8.9% (16 out of 180 patients) on this specific sample. The risk was detected more frequently on males, smokers, hypertense, having an obstructive disease on the legs and a diffuse coronary lesion
Mestrado
Cirurgia
Mestre em Cirurgia
Mello, Flávia Moerbeck Casadei de [UNESP]. "Aneurisma da aorta abdominal infra-renal: avaliação ultra-sonográfica em homens acima de 50 anos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87358.
Full textCom o objetivo de avaliar a ocorrência de aneurisma da aorta abdominal infra-renal (AAAIR), estudou-se uma amostra da população masculina do Município de Marília, com idade igual ou acima de 50 anos, no período de 2000 a 2002. Foram avaliados 240 homens por meio da ultrasonografia abdominal (USAb), com média de idade de 65,1 anos (±9,8 anos). A aorta abdominal foi medida no sentido ânteroposterior (AP) e látero-lateral (LL) aproximadamente a 2cm abaixo da artéria mesentérica superior (AMS) e 2cm acima de sua bifurcação. O critério utilizado para considerar aneurisma foi o maior diâmetro encontrado igual ou maior que 3,1cm. Também por questionário, foram avaliados os fatores de risco (tabagismo, sedentarismo, alimentação) e as doenças associadas (HAS, DPOC, IM, DM, AOP ou hiperlipidemia). Nos 240 homens, foram encontrados 11 aneurismas, sendo, portanto, a freqüência de 4,6%. Desses 11 aneurismas, 8 mediam entre 3,1 e 4cm (72,7%) e 3, entre 4,1 e 5cm (27,3%). O maior diâmetro da aorta aneurismática foi de 5 cm (sentido AP a 2cm abaixo da AMS). Foi encontrada uma associação significativa entre aneurisma e AOP e DM, não ocorrendo o mesmo com os demais fatores de risco ou outras doenças associadas. A freqüência de aneurisma encontrada em nossa amostra não foi diferente da referida nos estudos populacionais publicados na literatura, o que mostra a importância da doença em nosso meio, e os indivíduos com AOP e DM têm risco maior de desenvolver a doença.
In order to evaluate the occurrence of Infra-Renal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAAIR), a sample of the male population in the city of Marília aged 50 years or older was studied from 2000 to 2002. A group of 240 men with mean age of 65,1 years (±9,8 years) was evaluated through abdominal ultra-sonography examination. The abdominal aorta was measured in the anteroposterior (AP) and in the latero-lateral directions (LL) approximately 2cm below the superior mesenteric artery and 2cm above its bifurcation. The largest diameter equal or larger than 3.1cm found was the criterion used for aneurysm. Risk factors such as smoking, eating, and exercise habits and associated diseases (systemic arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, occlusive peripheral arterial disease, or hyperlipidemia) were also evaluated through questionnaires. Eleven aneurysms were found in the 240 men, which meant a frequency of 4,6%. Out of these 11 aneurysms, 8 measured from 3.1 to 4cm (72,7%) and 3 measured from 4.1 to 5cm (27,3%). The largest diameter of the aneurysmatic aorta was 5cm (AP direction approximately 2cm of the superior mesenteric artery). A significant association between aneurysm and peripheral vascular disease and diabetes mellitus was found. The same did not occur with the other risk factors or other associated diseases. The frequency of aneurysm found in our sample was not different from the frequency mentioned in population studies published in the literature, which shows the importance of the disease in our environment and that patients with peripheral vascular disease and diabetes mellitus have a higher risk to develop the disease.
Giménez, Gaibar Antonio. "Análisis del control postquirúrgico del tratamiento endovascular del aneurisma de aorta abdominal mediante angiotomografía." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402273.
Full textObjective: To assess the clinical utility of follow-up with CT-scan at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (EVAR) and its correlation with aneurysm-related findings of complications, secondary procedures, reinterventions and morbimortality. To assess the requirement of follow-up depending on the neck anatomy of aortic abdominal aneurysm (AAA). Method: A retrospective study of patients who underwent EVAR with aortic endograft. Recruitment period: January 2006 to December 2013. Inclusion criteria: Patients with elective placement of aortobiliac endografts. Exclusion criteria: Other types of devices, hybrid techniques and open surgery. Variables registered: Complications, reinterventions, secondary procedures, morbimortality. Imaging study: Preoperative CT-scan standardised according to institutional protocol, repeated at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. Descriptive analysis was used to assess continuous variables; categorical variables were analyzed calculating proportions and frequencies. Statistical data assessment was conducted with χ² or Fisher test and t-Student. Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rang test were used to assess the distribution of endoleak- and reintervention-free survival, sac expansion, graft patency and mortality. Statistical significance was set at ≤ 0.05. The SPSS package was used for statistical analysis. Results: 127 patients with AAA (96.8% males). Mean age: 75.89 years (range 51-90). Mean diameter of aneurysm: 62.08mm (±14.16mm), 52 patients with hostile neck (40.9%); 62 patients with associated iliac aneurysm (48.8%). Technical and clinical success: 100%; 30-day mortality: 0.8%. Follow-up at 6, 12 and 24 months: 97.6%, 96.1% and 93.7% reintervention-free rate; overall survival: 97.6%, 96.7% and 91.3%, respectively. CT-scan at 1 month (125): 1 type Ia endoleak (0.8%), 23 type II (18.4%) and 2 increased diameter ≥5mm; 2 reinterventions (1 type Ia and 1 type II). CT-scan at 6 months (57): 1 type Ia endoleak (1.8%), 11 type II (19.3%) and 0 increased diameter; 1 reintervention (1 type Ia). CT-scan at 12 months (119): 2 type Ia endoleaks/migrations (1.6%), 1 type Ib endoleak (0.8%), 13 type II endoleaks (10.9%), 0 increased diameter. CT-scan at 24 months (105): 4 type Ia endoleaks/migrations (3.7%), 1 type Ib endoleak (0.9%); 10 type II endoleaks (9.1%); 2 sac growths. The cumulative rate of proximal sealing zone-related complications according to neck anatomy at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months were: favourable neck: 0, 0, 0, 1.3%; hostile neck: 1.9%, 5.2%, 6.1%, 7.7%, respectively. No differences between neck anatomies were found in reinterventions or mortality. Conclusions: Globally, postoperative CT-scans detected complications and requirement of secondary procedures to ensure correct sealing. Nevertheless, no such complications were detected at 6 and 12-month CT-scans in patients with favourable necks, even in the presence of type II endoleaks and could therefore be omitted; but hostile necks may compromise proximal sealing and require regular imaging controls.
Mello, Flávia Moerbeck Casadei de. "Aneurisma da aorta abdominal infra-renal : avaliação ultra-sonográfica em homens acima de 50 anos /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87358.
Full textResumo: Com o objetivo de avaliar a ocorrência de aneurisma da aorta abdominal infra-renal (AAAIR), estudou-se uma amostra da população masculina do Município de Marília, com idade igual ou acima de 50 anos, no período de 2000 a 2002. Foram avaliados 240 homens por meio da ultrasonografia abdominal (USAb), com média de idade de 65,1 anos (±9,8 anos). A aorta abdominal foi medida no sentido ânteroposterior (AP) e látero-lateral (LL) aproximadamente a 2cm abaixo da artéria mesentérica superior (AMS) e 2cm acima de sua bifurcação. O critério utilizado para considerar aneurisma foi o maior diâmetro encontrado igual ou maior que 3,1cm. Também por questionário, foram avaliados os fatores de risco (tabagismo, sedentarismo, alimentação) e as doenças associadas (HAS, DPOC, IM, DM, AOP ou hiperlipidemia). Nos 240 homens, foram encontrados 11 aneurismas, sendo, portanto, a freqüência de 4,6%. Desses 11 aneurismas, 8 mediam entre 3,1 e 4cm (72,7%) e 3, entre 4,1 e 5cm (27,3%). O maior diâmetro da aorta aneurismática foi de 5 cm (sentido AP a 2cm abaixo da AMS). Foi encontrada uma associação significativa entre aneurisma e AOP e DM, não ocorrendo o mesmo com os demais fatores de risco ou outras doenças associadas. A freqüência de aneurisma encontrada em nossa amostra não foi diferente da referida nos estudos populacionais publicados na literatura, o que mostra a importância da doença em nosso meio, e os indivíduos com AOP e DM têm risco maior de desenvolver a doença.
Abstract: In order to evaluate the occurrence of Infra-Renal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAAIR), a sample of the male population in the city of Marília aged 50 years or older was studied from 2000 to 2002. A group of 240 men with mean age of 65,1 years (±9,8 years) was evaluated through abdominal ultra-sonography examination. The abdominal aorta was measured in the anteroposterior (AP) and in the latero-lateral directions (LL) approximately 2cm below the superior mesenteric artery and 2cm above its bifurcation. The largest diameter equal or larger than 3.1cm found was the criterion used for aneurysm. Risk factors such as smoking, eating, and exercise habits and associated diseases (systemic arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, occlusive peripheral arterial disease, or hyperlipidemia) were also evaluated through questionnaires. Eleven aneurysms were found in the 240 men, which meant a frequency of 4,6%. Out of these 11 aneurysms, 8 measured from 3.1 to 4cm (72,7%) and 3 measured from 4.1 to 5cm (27,3%). The largest diameter of the aneurysmatic aorta was 5cm (AP direction approximately 2cm of the superior mesenteric artery). A significant association between aneurysm and peripheral vascular disease and diabetes mellitus was found. The same did not occur with the other risk factors or other associated diseases. The frequency of aneurysm found in our sample was not different from the frequency mentioned in population studies published in the literature, which shows the importance of the disease in our environment and that patients with peripheral vascular disease and diabetes mellitus have a higher risk to develop the disease.
Mestre
Torres, Ortiz Gerardo Omar. "Comparación entre la cirugía convencional, minilaparotomía y la reparación endovascular en el manejo de aneurismas de aorta abdominal." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2007. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2457.
Full textTesis de segunda especialidad
Queiroz, Andre Brito. "Análise biomecânica e histológica do colo do aneurisma da aorta abdominal infrarrenal: estudo em necrópsia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-22012016-083039/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: The neck of the infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm is the principal site of interaction between the aortic wall and the devices used in the repair of these aneurysms, by open or endovascular technique. Postoperative aneurysm neck dilation leading to aneurysm exclusion failures demonstrates the importance of a reliable neck for the long-term efficient repair. OBJECTIVE: To access the biomechanical and histological properties of the infrarenal aortic aneurysm neck, comparing the results with the properties of the suprarenal aorta and the anterior wall of the aneurysm. METHODS: Sixteen infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms found in necropsies were removed and dissected in laboratory. The original anatomy of the aneurysms was restored with the aid of a compliant balloon inserted in the specimens lumen and aneurysms with a neck shorter than 10 mm were excluded. Similar transverse fragments from the anterior aneurysm wall, aneurysm neck, and suprarenal aorta were obtained with the aid of a cutting device. Uniaxial destructive tensile tests were performed to obtain the following biomechanical properties: tension, stress, strain energy and strain at the moment of fragment failure, and the thickness of the fragments. Histological analysis was performed with the quantification of collagen and elastin, and middle layer thickness in these three fragments. RESULTS: In twelve ruptured and four unruptured aneurysms, the biomechanical analysis of the fragments showed no statiscally signicant differences between the mean values of the biomechanical properties (tension, stress, strain energy and strain), as well as the thickness of the fragments in the three groups. The percentage of collagen in the neck was significantly lower than in the aneurysm wall (p = 0,010) and was not significantly different from the suprarenal aorta (p = 0,155). Higher percentage of elastin was present in the neck (p < 0,001) and in the suprarenal aorta (p < 0,001) when compared to aneurysms. There was no difference in the quantification of elastin between the neck and the suprarenal segment (p = 0,457). The middle layer thickness showed no significant statistical difference between the three evaluated regions (p = 0,660). CONCLUSIONS: Biomechanical results suggest that the infrarenal aortic aneurysm, rather than a localized process, is a result of diffuse aortic involvement. Both the resistance and elasticity of the aneurysmal segment have similarities when compared to non-dilated aortic segments. In the histological analysis, there is preservation of elastin in non-dilated aortic segments, while there is a reduction in the aneurysmal wall; and there is greater collagen deposition in the aneurysmatic region
Oliveira, Jahir Richard de. "Alterações do padrão fluxo sanguíneo após tratamento endovascular do aneurisma sacular da aorta com triplo stent : modelo em suínos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/148856.
Full textSouza, Leonardo Reis de. "Efeitos do tratamento endovascular dos aneurismas complexos da aorta abdominal na função renal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/172476.
Full textBackground: Renal function deterioration is one of the most common complications following intervention for complex aortic aneurysms. It may result in negative outcomes, as increased length of stay and mortality. Fenestrated and branched endografts (FEVAR) were designed to expand the use of the endovascular technique (EVAR) in treating aortic aneurysms. Although FEVAR appears to be at least as safe and effective as open surgery and conventional endovascular technique, its impact in renal outcomes is not fully understood. Objective: To compare renal outcomes in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) undergone FEVAR or conventional EVAR. Method: A multiple cohort study was performed. The 67 patients from the Zenith Fenestrated Endovascular Graft Trial during the pre-approval phase were included. These patients were compared to 134 patients from the Zenith AAA Endovascular Graft Trial selected by propensity score method. Variables for matching included age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, and pre-operative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Acute kidney injury (AKI) after endovascular repair was accessed according to the RIFLE classification system. Late renal outcomes were accessed according to the National Kidney Foundation staging system for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Results: Both groups have similar preoperative characteristics, except for a larger diameter at the lowest patent renal artery in the FEVAR group (25.3 ± 3 mm vs 23.9 ± 3, P = 0.003). There was no patient classified as CKD stages IV or V. Mean follow up was 30 ± 20 months for both groups (P = 0.99). The rate of 30-day or in-hospital mortality was 1.5% for both groups. FEVAR group exhibited higher overall survival, and there was no significant difference in the freedom from major adverse events between 14 both groups. At 30 days, the majority of patients presented with no AKI (95% vs 91%, respectively, in the FEVAR and the EVAR groups; P = 0.80). Only two patients presented with injury or failure (2%), one of them required transient dialysis (1%), both in the EVAR group. There was no significant difference in > 25% decline in eGFR (27% vs 42%, respectively, in the FEVAR and EVAR groups, P = 0.5) or progression to CKD stage IV or V (7% vs 8%, respectively, in the FEVAR and EVAR groups, P = 0.94) at 5-years. Conclusion: Renal function deterioration is similar in patients with AAA and initially preserved renal function treated by FEVAR and conventional EVAR. This data reinforces that the decision on the type of repair in patients with preserved renal function should be based in anatomical parameters.
Mata, Karina Magalhães Alves da. "Participação das Metaloproteinases 2 e 9 no desenvolvimento de aneurisma da aorta abdominal em ratos Wistar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17143/tde-18112010-110823/.
Full textDegradation of extracellular matrix and proteins associated with inflammation of the aortic wall is the main characteristics of the abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The aim of this study was investigate the participation of Metalloproteinase 2 and 9 in AAA formation in Wistar rats. A novel experimental model of AAA was developed, providing two potential causes of MMPs secretion and activation, turbulent flow (caused by surgically induced extrinsic stenosis) and outside vascular injury is detailed described. The days analyzed were the 3rd and the 7th post surgery. Aneurysms were observed to occur in 60-70% of the Group AAA, exhibiting a major transversal diameter to 7 from 8 times larger than controls and sham groups. Histologically, the aneurysms wall showed extensive structural remodeling, intense inflammatory response, massive elastic fibers destruction and abundant collagen deposition. Increased pro- and active MMP-2 was demonstrated in the AAA and controls groups, whereas pro- and active MMP-9 were found to be expressed only in the AAA group. Conclusions: MMP-2 and MMP-9 may have a pivotal role in the development of experimental AAA. This model can help to elucidate the mechanisms which trigger off MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion and activation causing aneurysms.
Batagini, Nayara Cioffi. "Volumetria e parâmetros biomecânicos detectados pela Ultrassonografia 3D e 2D em aortas abdominais de pacientes com e sem aneurisma." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-06012017-105117/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: The maximum transverse diameter of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), the most common measurement utilized to determine whether surgical intervention is indicated, has limitations and does not reflect the exact risk of rupture. Biomechanical and morphological parameters detected by ultrasound (US), including three-dimensional (3D) properties, can help to better understand the behavior of AAA and to determine the optimal approach to treatment in this group of patients. OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the feasibility and the ability of the US with speckletracking algorithms to evaluate biomechanical parameters of the aorta in patients with and without abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). To measure the partial aneurysm volume by 3D-US and to compare it with the aneurysm volume measured by computed tomography (CT). METHODS: It was a prospective study. Thirty-one patients with normal aortas (group 1), 46 patients with AAA measuring 3.0 - 5.5 cm (group 2) and 31 patients with AAA >- 5.5 cm (group 3) underwent a 2D/3D US examination of the infrarenal aorta, and the images were post-processed prior to being analyzed. In the maximum diameter, the global circumferential strain and the global maximum rotation assessed by 2D speckle-tracking algorithms were compared among the three groups. The regional strain on posterior wall was also compared to that in the anterior wall for all groups. The volumetry data obtained using 3D-US from forty AAA patients was compared with the volumetry data obtained by a contemporary CT. RESULTS: The median global circumferential strain was 2.0% (interquartile range (IR): 1.0 - 3.0), 1.0% (IR: 1.0 - 2.0) and 1.0% (IR: 1.0 - 1.75) in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively (p < 0.001). The median global maximum rotation decreased progressively from group 1 to 3 (1.38º (IR: 0.77 - 2.13), 0.80º (IR: 0.57 - 1.0) and 0.50º (IR: 0.31 - 0.75) (p < 0.001)). In the region-specific analysis, the strain in the posterior wall was significantly higher than anterior wall only in group 3 (p = 0.003). AAA volume estimations by 3D-US correlated well with CT (R-square = 0.76). CONCLUSIONS: The US can detect distinct biomechanical parameters between normal aorta, small aneurysms and big aneurysms. The 3D property of US is able to determine AAA volume and correlates well with the gold standard technique (CT). Prospective studies and with long-term follow-up are necessary in order to deepen the non invasive understanding of AAA biomechanical and morphological behavior and to correlate those parameters with rupture risk
Orra, Hussein Amin. ""Estudo experimental da transmissão da pulsatilidade da endoprótese à parede do aneurisma da aorta após correção endoluminal"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-21122005-140229/.
Full textObjective: To measure the pulsatility of human aortic aneurysms before and after exclusion with endograft. Method: Five aneurysms were submitted to pulsatile perfusion before and after implantation of a bifurcated endograft. Result: The level of the water column oscillated during pulsation, in each case, with an amplitude of 17, 16, 13, 7 and 25 cm before the endograft insertion. After that, the amplitudes dropped to, respectively 13, 12, 9, 3.5 and 23 cm.Conclusion: Pulsation of an endograft is transmitted to the aneurysm wall even in the absence of endoleak
Borges, Luciano de Figueiredo. "Matriz extracelular na aorta ascendente humana: quantificação morfométrica do colágeno em aortas normais e análise topográfica da matrilisina, estromelisina e plasmina em dissecções e aneurismas não-inflamatórios." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-17102014-113246/.
Full textIn dissections and non-inflammatory aneurysms of the ascending aorta there is an increase in mucoid (proteoglycan) deposition. We analyzed by immunoperoxidase the distribution of stromelysin (MMP-7), matrilysin (MMP-3) and plasminogen/plasmin, enzymes that act on proteoglycans, in sections of human aortas with these diseases and in controls. In cases with any of these diseases MMP-7 and MMP-3 were accumulated in the areas of mucoid degeneration, and plasmin around them. Such enzymes could thus be involved in these diseases. We also evaluated by morphometry the amount of collagen in the two halves of the aortic media.
Carvalho, Jeane Batista de [UNESP]. "Estudo numérico hemodinâmico de um aneurisma na vizinhança de uma bifurcação arterial tridimensional." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150730.
Full textApproved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-05-23T18:27:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_jb_me_ilha.pdf: 8189158 bytes, checksum: ebb9bc23a7d48fbc4154db51680f263e (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-23T18:27:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_jb_me_ilha.pdf: 8189158 bytes, checksum: ebb9bc23a7d48fbc4154db51680f263e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-24
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Nas últimas décadas, há uma crescente preocupação em mensurar os parâmetros dinâmicos do sangue, dadas as imensas perdas de vidas por doenças cardiovasculares sendo, muitas delas, por aneurismas. A formação e desenvolvimento de um aneurisma é, predominantemente, degenerativo e provém de uma complexa interação entre os efeitos biológicos da parede arterial, os estímulos de escoamento e tensões provenientes da hemodinâmica. A tensão cisalhante na parede e o cíclico campo de pressão são um dos principais fatores responsáveis pela formação e crescimento de um aneurisma. Logo, há a necessidade de se conhecer os campos de velocidades e pressão além das tensões cisalhantes e efetivas na parede. Uma análise numérica é mais promissora que uma experimental. Uma análise experimental in-vivo possui impasses éticos e morais, sem contar a necessidade de um grande investimento. Outra vantagem de um estudo numérico é a disponibilidade de softwares livres de extração de tomografias que permite a extração da geometria sem a necessidade de um método invasivo que ocorreria em estudo experimental in vivo. Portanto com o auxílio de simulações numéricas (Ansys®), considerando o efeito multi-física de interação fluido estrutura (FSI) pela metodologia de elementos e volumes finitos foi possível verificar o efeito dos fatores que levam a formação e crescimento de aneurisma na aorta abdominal. Os aneurismas estudados foram modelos geométricos e reais sendo um dos reais obtidos através de imagens DICOM.
In recent decades, there is growing concern in measuring the dynamic parameters of the blood, given the immense loss of life from cardiovascular disease in human history, including, aneurysms. The formation and development of an aneurysm is predominantly degenerative and results from a complex interaction between the biological effects of the arterial wall and the flow and stress effects from hemodynamics. The stress in the wall and in the cyclic field of pressure is one of the main factors for the formation and growth of an aneurysm that degenerates until its rupture. Therefore, it is necessary to know the velocity and pressure fields as well as the shear stress and effective stress on the wall. A numerical analysis is more promising than an experimental one since an in-vivo experimental analysis has ethical and moral impasses, not counting the need for a large investment. Another advantage of a numerical study is the availability of free softwares for tomography analysis that allows the extraction of the geometry without the need for an invasive method that would occur in an in vivo experimental study. Therefore, with the aid of numerical simulations (Ansys®), considering the multi-physical effect of fluid structure interaction (FSI) by the methodology of finite elements and finite volumes it was possible to verify the effect of factors that lead to the formation and growth of abdominal aortic aneurysm. The studied aneurysms came from geometric models and from real examples, being one of the real ones obtained through DICOM images.
CNPq: 131153/2015-3
Carvalho, Jeane Batista de. "Estudo numérico hemodinâmico de um aneurisma na vizinhança de uma bifurcação arterial tridimensional /." Ilha Solteira, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150730.
Full textResumo: Nas últimas décadas, há uma crescente preocupação em mensurar os parâmetros dinâmicos do sangue, dadas as imensas perdas de vidas por doenças cardiovasculares sendo, muitas delas, por aneurismas. A formação e desenvolvimento de um aneurisma é, predominantemente, degenerativo e provém de uma complexa interação entre os efeitos biológicos da parede arterial, os estímulos de escoamento e tensões provenientes da hemodinâmica. A tensão cisalhante na parede e o cíclico campo de pressão são um dos principais fatores responsáveis pela formação e crescimento de um aneurisma. Logo, há a necessidade de se conhecer os campos de velocidades e pressão além das tensões cisalhantes e efetivas na parede. Uma análise numérica é mais promissora que uma experimental. Uma análise experimental in-vivo possui impasses éticos e morais, sem contar a necessidade de um grande investimento. Outra vantagem de um estudo numérico é a disponibilidade de softwares livres de extração de tomografias que permite a extração da geometria sem a necessidade de um método invasivo que ocorreria em estudo experimental in vivo. Portanto com o auxílio de simulações numéricas (Ansys®), considerando o efeito multi-física de interação fluido estrutura (FSI) pela metodologia de elementos e volumes finitos foi possível verificar o efeito dos fatores que levam a formação e crescimento de aneurisma na aorta abdominal. Os aneurismas estudados foram modelos geométricos e reais sendo um dos reais obtidos através de imagens DICOM... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: In recent decades, there is growing concern in measuring the dynamic parameters of the blood, given the immense loss of life from cardiovascular disease in human history, including, aneurysms. The formation and development of an aneurysm is predominantly degenerative and results from a complex interaction between the biological effects of the arterial wall and the flow and stress effects from hemodynamics. The stress in the wall and in the cyclic field of pressure is one of the main factors for the formation and growth of an aneurysm that degenerates until its rupture. Therefore, it is necessary to know the velocity and pressure fields as well as the shear stress and effective stress on the wall. A numerical analysis is more promising than an experimental one since an in-vivo experimental analysis has ethical and moral impasses, not counting the need for a large investment. Another advantage of a numerical study is the availability of free softwares for tomography analysis that allows the extraction of the geometry without the need for an invasive method that would occur in an in vivo experimental study. Therefore, with the aid of numerical simulations (Ansys®), considering the multi-physical effect of fluid structure interaction (FSI) by the methodology of finite elements and finite volumes it was possible to verify the effect of factors that lead to the formation and growth of abdominal aortic aneurysm. The studied aneurysms came from geometric models and from real examples... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Júnior, Romualdo Maffra. "O uso do agente embolizante Onyx(R) na oclusão de vazamentos pós-tratamento endovascular de aneurisma da aorta abdominal: estudo experimental." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5151/tde-01082005-144525/.
Full textTwelve mongrel dogs were used in this study to create abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with endoleak after endovascular treatment. The next step was seal this endoleak with an embolic material called Onyx(R) The presence or occlusion of the endoleaks was proved by computer tomography and angiography. Succeed in the creation of the experimental model was observed in 9/12 dogs. OnyxÒ was capable to seal endoleaks in all nine dogs that survived from AAA creation. The occlusion was stable until the end of the study and the histological analysis showed minimal inflammatory response to Onyx(R).
Pons, Cots Ramon Maria. "Computational analysis of fluid dynamics at the asceding thoracic aorta in Marfan syndrome patients." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669234.
Full textLos aneurismas aórticos son una dilatación progresiva e irreversible de la pared aórtica, que puede causar la ruptura o disección de los vasos, lo que resulta en una pérdida catastrófica de sangre que conduce a la muerte. El tratamiento farmacológico inicial se centra en detener el crecimiento para prevenir la ruptura, pero se requiere una reparación invasiva abierta o una reparación endovascular en pacientes en riesgo. El manejo del paciente y la estratificación del riesgo después del diagnóstico son críticos, especialmente en la aorta ascendente, ya que actualmente no hay tratamientos endovasculares disponibles. Según las directrices actuales, el diámetro aórtico máximo es el único criterio geométrico o fluidodinámico específico del paciente aceptado como predictor clínico del riesgo de ruptura. Sin embargo, la anormal fluidodinámica en la aorta ascendente se ha reportado ampliamente como una posible fuente de aneurismas aórticos y su comprensión podría mejorar la evaluación del riesgo del paciente. En este estudio, se evaluó la fluidodinámica en aortas de controles sanos y pacientes con síndrome de Marfan. Para hacer esto, hemos comparado el rendimiento de las simulaciones de dinámica de fluidos computacional y de interacción fluido-estructura utilizando imágenes clínicas como condiciones específicas del paciente. También hemos diseñado un sistema in vitro que podría exponer las células endoteliales aórticas humanas a un entorno fluidodinámico que imita el de las simulaciones aórticas. El estudio ha revelado, en pacientes Marfan, que considerar la elasticidad de la pared en las simulaciones es esencial para obtener con precisión los valores dinámicos de los fluidos que tienen el potencial de estratificar a estos pacientes. En este sentido, las simulaciones de interacción fluido-estructura han superado la fluidodinámica computacional clásica a un costo computacional moderado. Como resultado de este estudio, un parámetro adimensional, la relación de esfuerzo cortante, ha demostrado su potencial como marcador de progresión de aneurisma en pacientes con Marfan.
Aortic aneurysms are a progressive and irreversible dilation of the aortic wall, which can lead to vessel rupture or dissection, resulting in catastrophic blood loss leading to death. Initial pharmacological treatment is focused on growth arrest to prevent rupture, but invasive open repair or endovascular repair are required in patients at risk. Patient management and risk stratification after diagnosis are critical, especially in the ascending aorta since no endovascular treatments are currently available. According to current guidelines, maximum aortic diameter is the only patient-specific geometrical or fluidodynamic criterion accepted as clinical rupture risk predictor. However, abnormal fluid dynamics at the ascending aorta have been widely reported as potential origin of aortic aneurysms and their understanding could improve the risk assessment of patients. In this study, the fluid dynamics of aortae from healthy controls and patients with Marfan syndrome have been evaluated. To do so, we have compared the performance of computational fluid dynamics and fluid-structure interaction simulations using clinical imaging as patient-specific inputs. We have also designed an in vitro system that could expose human aortic endothelial cells to a fluidodynamic environment that mimics that of aortic simulations. The study has revealed, in Marfan patients, that considering the wall elasticity in simulations is critical to derive precisely fluid dynamic values that hold the potential to stratify such patients. In this sense, fluid-structure interaction simulations have outperformed classic computational fluid dynamics at a moderate computational cost. As a result of this study, a dimensionless parameter, the shear stress ratio, has shown its potential as marker of aneurysm progression in Marfan patients.
Quintana, Ruiz M. Jesús. "Análisis de la variabilidad y de la adecuación clínica del tratamiento quirúrgico y del aneurisma de aorta abdominal." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/382819.
Full textIntroducción La variabilidad en la práctica médica es uno de los fenómenos más ampliamente estudiados en la investigación en servicios sanitarios, aceptándose la denominada hipótesis de la incertidumbre como factor causal. Para evaluar el grado de adecuación de los servicios sanitarios se requiere establecer criterios con el objetivo de mejorar la atención al paciente y los resultados en salud de forma coste-efectiva. Uno de los procedimientos que suscita gran interés en cuanto al análisis de su variabilidad y adecuación es el tratamiento quirúrgico del Aneurisma de Aorta Abdominal (AAA). El AAA se define como el aumento del diámetro en más del 50% de su tamaño original. Su prevalencia aumenta con la edad paralelamente al incremento de la esperanza de vida. Los recientes avances tecnológicos están ocasionando un cambio en su abordaje, pues el tratamiento convencional de reparación quirúrgica abierta está siendo substituido por la reparación endovascular (EVAR), menos invasiva y, en teoría, igualmente efectiva. Objetivos El objetivo del trabajo es analizar la variabilidad y la adecuación clínica del tratamiento quirúrgico del AAA. Se plantean 3 objetivos específicos: 1) Revisar y analizar la evidencia existente sobre el tratamiento quirúrgico del AAA. 2) Analizar la variabilidad asistencial del tratamiento quirúrgico del AAA en España y en Cataluña. 3) Analizar la variabilidad asistencial y clínica del tratamiento quirúrgico del AAA y su adecuación. Metodología Para el primer objetivo, se realizó el Estudio 1: Revisión y análisis de la evidencia sobre el tipo de tratamiento quirúrgico del AAA. Elaboración de las recomendaciones de la cirugía del AAA en base a los criterios GRADE. Para el segundo, el Estudio 2: Análisis de los datos de los hospitales españoles referidos a los pacientes intervenidos por un AAA en el periodo 2002-2012. Para el tercero, el Estudio 3: Análisis de las características clínicas, del tratamiento quirúrgico y del seguimiento de los pacientes intervenidos por un AAA en 5 hospitales españoles. Análisis de la adecuación del tipo de tratamiento quirúrgico. Análisis de los costes de las intervenciones. Resultados Estudio 1: Respecto al resumen de la evidencia, la mortalidad tras la EVAR muestra una reducción significativa respecto a la cirugía abierta a corto y mediano plazo mientras que se iguala a largo plazo, con un incremento de reintervenciones y una mayor frecuencia de efectos adversos. La calidad de la evidencia es moderada o baja. Respecto a las recomendaciones para la práctica clínica en pacientes de bajo riesgo quirúrgico, para los más jóvenes se sugiere individualizar la elección del procedimiento, mientras que en los > 80 años se sugiere utilizar la EVAR. En pacientes entre 65 y 80 años, se sugiere la cirugía abierta, teniendo en cuenta sus preferencias. En el resto de las situaciones, se sugiere individualizar la decisión. Todas estas recomendaciones tienen una fortaleza débil. En los análisis de recursos y costes, la EVAR no es coste-efectiva considerando los resultados a largo plazo de los ensayos realizados en centros europeos. Estudio 2: Se demuestra una gran variabilidad entre los dos procedimientos en los hospitales, independiente de las características de los pacientes, del centro y del año de la intervención, con un importante incremento de la EVAR a lo largo del periodo del estudio. La mortalidad va descendiendo, principalmente en la cirugía abierta, mostrándose la EVAR y el volumen de actividad del hospital, factores protectores independientes. Estudio 3: Se demuestra gran variabilidad entre los 5 hospitales, independiente de las características de los pacientes. Respecto a la mortalidad, la EVAR se mantiene como único factor de riesgo independiente. La supervivencia a 3 años es inferior para la EVAR de forma significativa, sin diferencias entre los centros. Conclusiones. El tratamiento del AAA mediante EVAR está substituyendo al abordaje convencional por cirugía abierta, si bien la evidencia ha demostrado que sólo se benefician los pacientes mayores de 80 años con un bajo riesgo quirúrgico. Para los pacientes más jóvenes no es posible sugerir un procedimiento sobre el otro, por lo que la elección debe ser individualizada y deben tenerse en cuenta las preferencias de los pacientes que podrían valorar mejor los resultados a largo plazo. No se ha demostrado que la EVAR sea coste-efectiva frente a la cirugía abierta. El análisis de los datos asistenciales y clínicos de los hospitales españoles demuestran una gran variabilidad entre los centros, con un aumento progresivo de la utilización de la EVAR a lo largo de los años. La mortalidad ha ido descendiendo principalmente entre los pacientes intervenidos mediante cirugía abierta y la EVAR muestra una menor supervivencia a medio plazo. Es necesario continuar la investigación sobre la adecuación del tratamiento quirúrgico del AAA en estudios comparativos multicéntricos. Para las situaciones en las que existe evidencia deben seguirse las recomendaciones, mientras que en el resto debe individualizarse la decisión. El tratamiento quirúrgico electivo del AAA debería realizarse en centros con amplia experiencia, decidiendo de forma individualizada la técnica más adecuada para cada paciente.
Study 1: Regarding the summary of evidence, mortality after EVAR shows a significant reduction compared to open surgery in the short and intermediate term, but it is levelled in the long term, together with an increase of reoperation rates and adverse effects. The quality of the evidence is moderate to low. Regarding the recommendations for clinical practice on low risk surgery patients, we suggest to individualise the choice of the procedure for younger patients but using EVAR in patients > 80 years old. Open surgery is recommended for patients from 65 to 80, considering their preferences. Otherwise we suggest individualising the decision. These are all weak recommendations. In the resource and costings analyses EVAR appears not to be cost-effective considering the long term results of the trials performed in European centres. Study 2: We observed a large variability between the two procedures in the hospitals, regardless the characteristics of the patient, centre, and year of intervention. There is a strong increase of EVAR throughout the study period. Mortality decreases, mainly in open surgery, showing EVAR and the volume of hospital activity –independent protective factors. Study 3: A large variability between the five hospitals is proved, regardless of the patient characteristics. As for mortality, EVAR remains as the only independent risk factor. Three-year survival is significantly lower for EVAR, with no differences among centres. Conclusions AAA treatment with EVAR is taking over open-surgery conventional approach; although evidence has shown proved that it only benefits a low risk surgical patients > 80 years old. For younger patients it is not possible to suggest a procedure, so the choice should be individualized and should take into account the preferences of patients who could better assess the long-term results. EVAR has not proven to be cost-effective compared to open surgery. The analysis of the care and clinical data of Spanish hospitals demonstrates a large variability among the centres, with a progressive increase on the use of EVAR over the years. Mortality has decreased, mainly among patients undergoing open surgery, and EVAR shows lower intermediate-term survival rates. Continuing the research on the appropriateness of AAA surgery in multicentre comparative studies is required. Those cases for which there is available evidence should follow the recommendations, otherwise the decision should be individualised. Elective AAA surgery should be performed in highly experienced centres, deciding for each patient the most appropriate technique.
Soto, Carricas Begoña. "Identificación de biomarcadores para el diagnóstico del aneurisma de aorta abdominal y la evaluación del riesgo de rotura." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669483.
Full textAbdominal aortic aneurysm is a mostly silent disease, which makes early diagnosis difficult. A prompt diagnosis is important in order to start medical treatment and follow-up, which will allow vascular surgeons to perform intervention at the point that AAA rupture risk rises. In daily clinical practise, assimptomatic AAA intervention is indicated according to maximal aortic diameter or growth speed. Despite of that, it is well known that these are not the only factors that define AAA rupture risk, a medical complication with high mortality rates. In order to improve AAA diagnosis our aim was to find a plasmatic biomarker that could specifically relate with aortic infrarrenal aneurysmatic disease. We have assessed biomarkers related with AAA development's immunoinflamatory process in AAA patients, atherosclerotic non-aneurysmatic patients and healthy control patients. On the other hand, with the aim of improving rupture risk assessment we studied biomecanical variables calculated through a finite elements analysis. To evaluate biomecanical variable's prognostic value we used patients with symptomatic aneurysms (SAAA) wich are a patient subgroup with high rupture risk. We have noticed that CCL20 plasmatic levels are higher in AAA patients when compared to only atherosclerotic patients and controls. CCL20 is elevated since initial disease stages, although it does not correlate with maximal aortic diameter. In aortic tissue samples, both CCL20 and its receptor CCR6 show high levels in AAA patients when compared to controls. When analysing biomecanical variables, both PWS and diameter-normalized PWS (dnPWS) are elevated in symtomatic aneurysm patients, thus being the only variables allowing to identify SAAA in aneurysms above 65mm. These results indicate plasmatic CCL20 could be a biomarker of AAA presence with high specificity. Furthermore, biomecanical variable quantification could help to identify aneurysms with a high rupture risk.
Brasil, Fabrício Lima. "Desenvolvimento de uma nova concepção de sistemas de testes de fadiga de endopróteses." Florianópolis, SC, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/90183.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-23T06:57:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 247163.pdf: 4006529 bytes, checksum: e7a528d6f793d8321326c765de5e8a49 (MD5)
Com o crescente desenvolvimento tecnológico na área da saúde e melhorias na área social, a população brasileira apresentou um aumento de 14,86% em sua expectativa de vida, passando de 62,6 anos em 1980 para 71,9 anos em 2005 segundo o IBGE. Com a elevação da expectativa, cresceram também os problemas relacionados à idade, como o surgimento de aneurismas, que atingem entre 5 e 7% dos homens com mais de 60 anos de idade. O aneurisma é uma dilatação superior a 50% de um segmento de uma artéria ou de um vaso sangüíneo, cuja evolução é a ruptura e óbito. Como forma de tratamento, existem duas soluções: o reparo tradicional ou aberto, e o reparo endoluminal ou minimamente invasivo. Segundo a literatura atual, o reparo minimamente invasivo apresenta diversas vantagens comparadas ao reparo tradicional. Nele, é usada uma endoprótese feita de uma estrutura metálica chamada de stent e coberto com uma película de PTFEe. Segundo as normas existentes atualmente, a endoprótese deve funcionar por um período mínimo de 10 anos. Com o passar dos anos, o stent tende a apresentar problemas de fadiga devido ao esforço submetido no mesmo. Isso justifica o teste de fadiga ao qual o material deve ser submetido antes de vendido ao mercado. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma nova solução de sistema automatizado de teste de fadiga em comparação às existentes no mercado, previamente patenteadas. Além disto, o trabalho aponta também algumas falhas nas soluções que existem até o momento, que atendem às normas, mas contudo, não simulam bem uma situação real. Como resultado adicional, o trabalho poderá ser usado como subsídio para o desenvolvimento de uma norma de teste nacional, que inexiste até o momento. With the increasing technological development in the health#s area and improvements in the social area, the Brazilian population had presented an increase of 14,86% in its life expectancy, passing of 62,6 years in 1980 to 71,9 years in 2005 according to IBGE. With the rise of the expectation, the problems related to age presented also an improvment, as the occurrence of aneurysms, that reach between 5 and 7% of the men with older then 60 years old. The aneurysm is a superior dilatation bigger than 50% of an artery segment or a sanguine vase, whose evolution is the rupture and death. As treatment solutions, there are: the traditional repair or opened repair, and the endoluminal repair or minimally invasive repair. According to current literature, the minimally invasive repair presents diverse comparative advantages to the traditional repair. In this solution, a endoprosthesis is used, made of a metallic structure called stent and covered with a PTFEe film. According to the currently existing norms, the endoprosthesis must work for a minimum period of 10 years. After any years of use, stent tends to present fatigue problems due to the efforts submitted in it. This problem justifies the fatigue test that the material must be submitted before be sold to the market. In this context, the present research presents the development of a new solution of automatized system of fatigue test in comparison to the existing ones in the market, previously patented. Moreover, the work also points some imperfections in the solutions that exist until this moment, that satisfy the norms, but however, does not simulate with precision a real situation. As additional result, this work could be used as I subsidize for the development of a national norm test, that inexists until the moment.
Tenório, Emanuel Júnio Ramos. "Expressão dos níveis plasmáticos dos miRNA-191 e miRNA-455-3P em pacientes com aneurisma de aorta abdominal e suas relações com a evolução clínica após tratamento endovascular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17137/tde-10042018-142246/.
Full textBackground: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. Endovascular treatment is associated with lower morbidity and mortality than conventional treatment, however, it requires a rigorous follow-up with contrast imaging tests to confirm the aneurysmal sac exclusion. Considering that the formation of an aneurysm is a complex multifactorial process, involving the destructive remodeling of the connective tissue throughout the affected segment of the aortic wall and that this process involves a chronic local inflammation, a decrease in the number of smooth muscle cells of the media tunic, and fragmentation of the extracellular matrix of the aorta and although an aberrant expression profile of miRNAs has been associated with human diseases, including cardiovascular dysfunction, it was proposed to carry out this study involving this whole process. The main objective was to quantify and evaluate miRNA expression response to endovascular correction of abdominal aortic aneurysm based on serum dosages at the six-month follow-up. Population and Method: We recruited 30 consecutive patients with AAA without other associated inflammatory diseases from the Ambulatory of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery of the HCFMRPUSP with indication of endovascular treatment. The miRNA-191 and miRNA-455-3p were selected for study and serum dosages. The differential expression of the miRNAs was performed by the real-time PCR method, after extraction of RNA from the whole blood samples at two moments, preoperatively and after 6 months of follow-up. In addition, bioinformatics tools were used to determine pathophysiological pathways related to AAA. Demographic profile, clinical follow-up and imaging examinations with angiotomography performed in the preoperative period and after 6 months were collected. Results: Hyperexpression of miR-191 and miR-455-3p in whole blood of AAA patients was observed. The endovascular treatment of patients with AAA resulted in a significant decrease in the expression of the miRNAS studied, indicating that the exclusion of the aneurysmal sac altered their expression. In addition, the expression of miR-191 and miR-455-3p showed no correlation with the diameter of the aneurysm and analysis of the influence of the various types of devices used for the endovascular treatment of AAA did not show significant differences in the expression of miR-191 And miR-455-3p. Conclusions: The hyperexpression of miR- 191 and miR-455-3p with its significant reduction after endovascular treatment may suggest the use of these molecules as potential biomarkers in the follow-up of these patients. New studies with a greater number of cases should be performed with the objective of validating the data obtained including patients with possible endoleaks.
Dilmé, Muñoz Jaume Félix. "Influencia de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en los niveles locales de factores angiogénicos en el aneurisma de aorta abdominal." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284323.
Full textMany patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) have common diseases and associated cardiovascular risk factors. The most significant and key modifiable cardiovascular risk in AAA is smoking. The aortic wall in patients with AAA shows local hypervascularity, degradation of the extracellular matrix, a large lymphocytic infiltrate and accompanying inflammatory reaction, and a decrease in the number of smooth muscle cells. However, the relationship between these cardiovascular risk factors and histological changes in the aortic wall has not clearly determined. Our objective was to evaluate the changes in the concentration of local factors involved in neovascularization, to determine the disruption of the extracellular matrix and leukocyte infiltration of the aneurysmal wall in relation to cardiovascular risk factors, and to establish the mechanisms involved in the genesis and development of AAA. In this work we studied the hypervascularity of the aortic wall in different stages of the disease. We evaluated the influence of cardiovascular risk factors in well-established pro-angiogenic local levels of factors such as the VEGF pathway and predominant MMPs (MMP-2 and MMP-9), and the biosynthetic pathway of PGE2. We observed that leukocyte infiltration in the wall of the aneurysmal aorta was predominantly perivascular and lymphocytic. This infiltration appeared to occur after the initial hypervascularity of AAA. Analysis of our results showed that active smoking was the only classical cardiovascular risk factor that influenced hypervascularization and the pro-angiogenic factors studied. Smoking modified the expression of MMP-2, mPGES-1/EP-4 and, to a lesser extent, VEGFR-2, mainly in relation to the state of vascular cells (VSMC and MVEC). These findings suggest that smoking affects the vascular state rather than leukocyte infiltration. These results provide a broader view of the negative impact of smoking on the development of AAA and illustrate the need for more aggressive control of cardiovascular risk factors even in very early stages of the disease.
Navas, Madroñal Miquel. "Nuevas estrategias terapéuticas para limitar el desarrollo del aneurisma de aorta abdominal: inhibición del estrés del retículo endoplasmático y mitocondrial." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668006.
Full textIntroduction: the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a degenerative vascular disease characterized by a dilatation of the abdominal aorta of 50% or greater than the normal diameter. It has a prevalence of 4-8% in men older than 65 years and it is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. It is a very complex disease and is believed to be caused by a combination of multiple risk factors: smoking, advanced age, hypertension, atherosclerosis and a family history. Objective: Currently there are no effective therapies to stop the development of AAA and its treatment is limited to surgical repair. The contribution of stress activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its relationship with mitochondrial dysfunction to the pathophysiology of several cardiovascular diseases has been previously described. Our objective is to evaluate the possible implication of ER stress in the development of AAA and to test the efficacy of ER stress inhibition to limit vascular degeneration in AAA disease. Materials and methods: the expression of ER stress markers, mitochondrial stress and apoptosis and autophagy markers was analyzed by real-time PCR, western-blot and immunostaining in human AAA samples. The quantification of oxysterols in plasma was performed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC- (APCI) -MS / MS) and the circulating levels of S100A4 and Gdf15 were quantified with ELISA kits. The structure of the vascular wall was studied by classical histology techniques and the inflammatory infiltrate was studied by immunohistochemistry in the abdominal aorta of our patients and donors cohort and in the abdominal aorta of our murine model of AAA (mice deficient in apolipoprotein E infused with angiotensin II). In this model we evaluated the effect of the administration of ER stress inhibitors, sodium phenylbutyrate (PBA) and tauroursodeoxicolic acid (TUDCA), on the aortic diameter on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 by ultrasonography during the time of infusion with Ang II and the effect on blood pressure (tail cuff method). The expression of ER stress markers, apoptosis, inflammatory markers and metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9 was quantified by real-time PCR and in the case of MMPs, zymography tests were performed to determine its gelatinolytic activity in the protein lysates of abdominal aortas from mice. Results: in aneurismatic wall of patients with AAA and in the abdominal aorta of the ApoE-/- mouse infused with Ang II, an increase of the gene and protein expression of different ER stress markers was confirmed. This was accompanied by an exacerbation of oxidative stress, a decrease in the expression of indicators of mitochondrial biogenesis and by an increase in apoptosis in the vascular wall. In plasma, the profile of oxysterols and the levels of S100A4 and Gdf15 were found to be altered in patients vs. donors. In animals, the administration of PBA and TUDCA reduced the incidence of AAA by decreasing aortic dilatation and the disorganization of the vascular wall and by reducing blood pressure. The expression of ER stress markers, inflammatory markers and matrix metalloproteinases in the abdominal aorta of mice decreased with either the treatment with TUDCA or PBA. Conclusions: our results evidence that ER stress is involved in the pathophysiology of aneurysm and show that inhibition of ER stress is effective to limit abdominal aortic dilatation in AAA disease.
Roggerio, Alessandra. "Expressão aumentada dos antígenos de MMP-9 PPAR, Chlamydophila pneumoniae e Mycoplasma pneumoniae em fragmentos ateroscleróticos de aorta com aneurisma." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-24112008-170425/.
Full textIntroduction: Aortic aneurysm is considered a chronic inflammatory disease, but remains a controversial matter if it is related to atherosclerosis and infectious agents. Chlamydophila pneumoniae (CP) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) antigens were found in higher amount in unstable plaques that are usually associated to positive remodeling and vessel inflammation. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) has been implicated in vascular wall fragility and aneurysm development. The immunemodulator effects of peroxisome proliferators - activated receptor (PPARs) have been related to atherosclerosis. Objectives: To compare severe atherosclerotic lesions with and without aneurysms by inflammatory and infectious point of view, analyzing MP and CP, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and PPARs antigens. Methods: In the present study we quantified, using immunohistochemistry technique, MMP-9, TIMP-1, PPAR a and and infectious agents CP and MP antigens in aortic atherosclerotic fragments with aneurysms. (n=14) and without aneurysms (n=14). Results: Adventitia and periadventitial adipose tissue (PAT) from aneurysms showed intense inflammation. MMP-9 expression has increased in PAT and the infectious agents, TIMP-1 and PPAR a were increased in adventitia and PAT in aneurysmatic group, without difference related to PPAR expression. Collagen, TIMP-1 and PPARs were positively correlated in atherosclerotic group, but it was not observed in aneurysmatic group. Conclusion: Our data have suggested that aortic aneurysm is a complication of aortic atherosclerotic lesions. Increased amount of Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in the adventitia and PAT without a correlated TIMP-1 and PPARs response are findings that were associated with the presence of aneurysm in atherosclerotic aortic segments
Legendre, Daniel Formariz. "Estudo de comportamento de fluxo através de modelo físico e computacional de aneurisma de aorta infra-renal obtido por tomografia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3150/tde-26032009-174533/.
Full textAbdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is defined as a focal and permanent dilatation of the arterial wall, most often occurring in between the renal and iliac arteries, as consequence of arterial wall weakness or because of an abnormal solicitation of that normal structure. This disease primarily affects elderly population over 65 years of age, and the most important risk factors are smoking, hypertension, family history and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In the last years, the prevalence is rising up almost twice the diagnosed cases in the United States (Bonamigo and Von Ristow, 1999). Nowadays, AAA is the thirtieth cause of death in the United States, in the elderly masculine population over 65 years of age, and in case of ruptured aneurysm, it is the third cause of sudden death in the United States. The overall mortality rate is about 80% in countries with systematic and compulsory evaluation of death cause. This is due to the fact that substantial intra-abdominal hemorrhage is often accompanied by delays in transport and diagnoses, and the need for emergency surgery in elderly patients that frequently have significant renal and cardiopulmonary comorbidity. It is suggested that the formation and expansion of the AAA are accompanied by wall stress increasing and / or decreasing in the tissue capacity to withstand this stress. The rupture occurs when the wall stress exceed the stress the tissue can accept. The risk of rupture increases with aneurysm expansion, wall stress increasing and it is exacerbated when associated with arterial hypertension. In the present work, morphological data from thoracic region of the patient was acquired by using multi-slice CT (Computed Tomography). These DICOM images had been treated to select only the interest region, getting a three-dimensional infra-renal aortic and iliac model. Then, it was made a physical model by using rapid prototyping. This model was used for in vitro experimentation in a computer controlled mock system, in which it is possible to replicate physiological and pathological characteristics of human being cardiovascular system. Some parameters such as pressure, flow, temperature, vascular resistance and compliance can be reproduced by the use of a mock circulatory system. These parameters were used as initial boundary conditions in order to calibrate a computational model. It was adopted normotensive and hypertensive patterns and computational and experimental results were analyzed and compared. The paper proposes a methodology which allows the acquisition of anatomical and hemodynamic data on the vessel segment affected by the pathology, with the goal of providing additional information in the diagnosis of aortic aneurysm.
Issa, Mario. "Variáveis prognósticas de evolução hospitalar e no longo prazo de pacientes portadores de dissecção crônica de aorta tipo A de Stanford e aneurisma de aorta ascendente, submetidos a procedimento cirúrgico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/98/98131/tde-28062012-103725/.
Full textIntroduction: Both aortic aneurisms and dissections constitute the main aortic diseases, sharing common principles and surgical procedure approaches. Medical and surgical management are seen as a medical challenge concerning elective procedures as well as in emergency cases. Data on prognostic variables independently associated with both hospital and long term death are scarce, leading to a need for appropriate identification of those factors for proper surgical risk evaluation of this population. Objectives: Primary: to identify prognostic variables independently associated with hospital death in patients who underwent surgical procedures for aortic disease correction. Secondary: to identify prognostic variables independently associated with long term death and with composite clinical endpoint (death, bleeding, ventricular dysfunction and neurological complications). Methods: Cross-sectional design plus a longitudinal component, with a retrospective and prospective data collection. Consecutive patients, diagnosed with ascendant aortic aneurism or type A of Stanford aortic chronic dissection were included by means of hospital chart revision and data extraction. A total of 257 patients were recruited and eligibility criteria included those who underwent surgical procedures due to ascendant aortic aneurism or type A of Stanford aortic chronic dissection. Patients with acute aortic dissection and with aortic aneurism in a different segment location other than ascendant aorta were excluded. Clinical endpoints evaluated were death, clinically relevant bleeding, ventricular dysfunction and neurological complications, during the hospital phase and long-term death. Prognostic variables evaluated included: demography, pre-operative factors, intra-operative factors and post-operative complications. Mean follow up was of 970 days. Sample size estimation was defined by a convenience sample along with previous publications. Univariate analysis was conducted to select key variables to be inserted in the multivariate model and to identify the prognostic variables independently associated with clinically relevant endpoints. Results: The following prognostic variables have been identified as independently associated with increased risk of hospital death (OR; 95%IC; P value): black ethnicity (6.8; 1.54-30.2; 0,04), cerebrovascular disease (10.5; 1.12-98.7; 0,04), hemopericardium (35.1; 3.73-330.2; 0,002), Cabrol operation (9.9; 1.47-66.36; 0,019), associated coronary artery bypass graft (4.4; 1.31-15.06; 0,017), reoperation for bleeding (5.72; 1.29-25.29; 0,021) and cardiopulmonary bypass time (CPB) [min] (1.016; 1.007-1.026; 0,001). Presence of chest pain was independently associated with reduced risk of hospital death (0.27; 0.08-0.94; 0,04). The following variables were independently associated with increased risk of composite clinical endpoint during hospital phase: antifibrinolitic use (3.2; 1.65-6.27; 0,0006), renal failure (7.4; 1.52-36.0; 0,013), respiratory failure (3.7; 1.5-8.8; 0,004), EuroScore (1.23; 1.08-1,41; 0,003) and cardiopulmonary bypass time (CPB) [min] (1.01; 1.00-1.02; 0,027). The following variables were independently associated with increased risk of long term death: peripheral obstructive arterial disease (7.5;1.47-37.85;0,015), previous stroke (7.0;1.46-33.90;0,015), at discharge statin use (4.9;1.17-21.24;0,029) and first 24-hour increased bleeding (1.0017;1.0003-1.0032;0,021). Conclusion: Black ethnicity, cerebrovascular disease, hemopericadium, Cabrol operation, associated coronary artery bypass graft, reoperation for bleeding, and cardiopulmonary bypass time were associated with increased risk of hospital death. Presence of chest pain was associated with reduced risk of hospital death. Peripheral obstructive arterial disease, previous stroke, at discharge statin use and first 24-hour increased bleeding were associated with increase risk of long-term death. Use of antifibrinolitic, renal failure, respiratory failure, EuroScore and cardiopulmonary bypass time were associated with increased risk of hospital composite clinical endpoint (death, bleeding, ventricular dysfunction and neurological complications).
Jaldin, Rodrigo Gibin. "Efeito do clampeamento aórtico no estresse oxidativo e na função renal durante cirurgia aórtica minimamente invasiva estudo experimental em porcos /." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/141496.
Full textCoorientador: Ricardo de Alvarenga Yoshida
Resumo: Contexto: O clampeamento infrarrenal e trauma cirúrgico estão associados a alterações hemodinâmicas e oxidativas que podem comprometer a função renal pós-operatória. Ademais, a colite isquêmica é uma grave complicação da cirurgia da aorta abdominal. É possível que ocorram diferenças na fisiopatologia destas complicações associadas às diferentes modalidades de tratamento do aneurisma de aorta abdominal. Objetivo: Avaliar o estresse oxidativo, os distúrbios hemodinâmicos, lesão renal e as alterações histopatológicas em fragmentos de cólon esquerdo de porcos submetidos a modelo experimental de interrupção aguda de fluxo sanguíneo aórtico, comparando os diferentes acessos cirúrgicos: tradicional, endovascular ou videolaparoscópico. Material e Métodos: 30 porcos, fêmeas, com 15-30kg, foram divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos, sendo todos submetidos, sob anestesia geral inalatória, a interrupção de fluxo da aorta abdominal por 60 minutos, por diferentes técnicas: Grupo C (n=10), através de laparotomia transperitoneal; Grupo L (n=10), através da técnica totalmente laparoscópica; Grupo EV(n=10), através da via endovascular por insuflação de balão de oclusão de aorta. Foi feita monitorização intraoperatória de pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca, balanço hídrico e coleta de amostras de sangue antes do procedimento e 60 minutos após a reperfusão. Os desfechos primários estudados foram: volume de sangramento, estresse oxidativo sistêmico (dosagens de Malondialdeido, Glutationa Reduzi... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Context: Infrarenal aortic cross-campling and surgical trauma are associated with hemodynamic and oxidative alterations that may impair postoperative renal function. Furthermore, Colonic ischemia is a relatively uncommon but devastating complication of abdominal aortic surgery. Its occurrence and severity is related to operative and anesthetic trauma. Therefore, it is a known complication of all different modalities of treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Objective: To evaluate oxidative stress, hemodynamic disorders, renal injuries and histopathological changes in the left colon fragments of pigs subjected to the experimental model of acute aortic flow interruption, comparing the approaches by laparotomy, endovascular surgery and laparoscopic surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 female pigs weighing 15-30 kg were randomly divided into 3 groups, all of which were subjected, under general ihaling anesthesia, to a 60-minute interruption of abdominal aortic flow by means of different techniques: C Group (n=10), through transperitonial laparotomy; L Group (n=10), through a totally laparoscopic technique; EV Group (n=10), through the endovascular procedures by insufflating the occlusion balloon of the aorta. Blood pressure, heart beat, and water balance intraoperative monitoring was performed and blood samples were collected both before the procedure and 60 minutes after reperfusion. The primary outcomes studied were: bleeding volume, systemic oxidative stress (levels... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Silva, Junior José Elias da. "Aneurisma de aorta infrarenal tratado por via endovascular em pacientes assintomáticos versus sintomáticos avaliação da medida do saco aneurismático após um ano de seguimento /." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152531.
Full textResumo: A correção endovascular do aneurisma de aorta abdominal (EVAR) modificou o tratamento desta patologia, reduzindo a mortalidade e as complicações, á curto prazo quando comparada à cirurgia aberta. Ainda assim, os pacientes necessitam de seguimento rigoroso a fim de reconhecer as possíveis complicações. O crescimento do diâmetro do saco aneurismático pós-EVAR está relacionado ao risco de rotura ou necessidade de reabordagem, sendo que alguns fatores pré-operatórios podem prever esse aumento. OBJETIVO:Identificar se os sintomas pré-tratamento EVAR podem ser um fator preditivo para a continuidade da expansão do saco aneurismático após tratamento, no seguimento em 12 meses. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo realizado através da coleta de dados do prontuário dos pacientes em seguimento na Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu e que preencheram critérios de inclusão. Os pacientes foram separados em dois grupos de estudos: G1- Pacientes assintomáticos quanto a presença do aneurisma de aorta infrarenal; G2- Pacientes sintomáticos quanto a presença do aneurisma de aorta infrarenal. Todos os grupos foram acompanhados por 12 meses e avaliados quanto ao crescimento do saco aneurismático após o procedimento endovascular, através de AngioTC e Duplex Scan e coleta do exame “proteína C Reativa” para avaliação inflamatória relacionada ao EVAR. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 112 pacientes. A faixa etária apresentou uma média de 68,6 anos. 80% eram do sexo masculino e 95% brancos. A maioria dos ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Mestre
Fité, Matamoros Joan. "Estudi de prevalença de l’aneurisma d’aorta abdominal en un sistema pilot de cribratge poblacional." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672511.
Full textEl aneurisma de aorta abdominal (AAA) es una patología multifactorial con una prevalencia entre el 2% y el 5,4% según la literatura, con variabilidad geográfica y con mayor incidencia en edades avanzadas o concomitancia de factores de riesgo, así como con un componente genético. Las guías clínicas indican su intervención cuando alcanzan cierto tamaño, pero son habitualmente asintomáticos hasta el momento de la rotura. Por lo tanto, se detectan de forma incidental en pruebas de imagen o en formas de cribado. Se dispone de tratamiento quirúrgico para el AAA, abierto o endovascular. Dichas intervenciones están ampliamente validadas y se practican rutinariamente en hospitales de referencia de nuestro entorno con mortalidades bajas de forma electiva, pero en caso de rotura la mortalidad aumenta drásticamente. El diagnóstico es fácil y accesible, tanto por pruebas radiológicas como por ecografía Doppler, siendo ésta última de elección en cribado y seguimiento de AAA por sus características. Por todo esto se convierte en una patología adecuada para cribado poblacional. Hay actualmente en el mundo algunos países con programa de cribado poblacional del AAA. En España, y en Catalunya, nunca se ha establecido un cribado poblacional, y siempre se ha partido del diagnóstico casual de la patología y del cribado oportunista. En la literatura queda demostrada la efectividad del cribado poblacional del AAA en la reducción de la mortalidad asociada, pero en España siempre se ha discutido su viabilidad económica y logística. Nuestra hipótesis de trabajo es que implementar un programa nacional de cribado del AAA sería viable logística y económicamente. En primer lugar, se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de los análisis económicos recientes disponibles sobre coste-efectividad de los cribados poblacionales de AAA, y se ha aplicado un análisis metodológico de la calidad de los trabajos a través de dos cuestionarios de evaluación de estudios económicos. Se ha encontrado suficiente evidencia disponible de calidad metodológica moderada-alta para poder afirmar que el cribado poblacional del AAA es coste-efectivo actualmente y lo sería en el tiempo. Sin embargo, no se dispone de datos de prevalencia fiables del AAA en España ni de estudios de cribado poblacional al respecto. Posteriormente, se ha estructurado la primera prueba piloto de cribado poblacional sistemático de AAA del país, estudiando una zona sanitaria de Barcelona. Se ha llevado a cabo en colaboración con Atención Primaria, con el programa de cribado del sistema británico de salud como referente. Se ha realizado por invitación de todos los pacientes censados que cumplían 65 años durante el año de aplicación del programa en esa zona, tanto hombres como mujeres. Se han registrado antecedentes y factores de riesgo relacionados, una ecografía Doppler abdominal de cribaje para medir la aorta infrarrenal, y se han cumplimentado cuestionarios de percepción de salud y estado anímico para valorar el impacto emocional de la prueba de cribado en los pacientes. El análisis descriptivo de los resultados ha mostrado prevalencias de los factores de riesgo similares a las descritas en la literatura de nuestro entorno, y se ha demostrado la viabilidad logística de un cribado poblacional del AAA en colaboración con Atención Primaria. Sin embargo, la prevalencia obtenida ha sido muy inferior a la esperada en hombres, y nula en mujeres. Se ha aplicado un modelo económico teórico para predecir la eficiencia del cribado poblacional en nuestro entorno en el tiempo, y éste sólo resultaría coste-efectivo en varones a 30 años vista. Estos resultados hacen poco factible la inversión inicial para comenzar un programa de cribado nacional, y nos llevan a sugerir pruebas poblacionales más amplias para corroborar estos resultados y a recomendar el cribado de subgrupos de riesgo como opción potencialmente coste-efectiva en nuestro medio.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a multifactorial disease with a prevalence between 2% and 5,4% according to literature, with geographical variability and an increasing incidence with age, external risk factors and genetical factors involved. Clinical guidelines indicate intervention at a certain diameter, but AAA are usually asymptomatic until rupture happens, so diagnosis is commonly incidental in image tests or screening programmes. There is surgical AAA repair available, open or endovascular. These interventions are widely validated and are routinely performed in reference hospitals in our area with low mortality rates in elective cases, but in ruptured cases mortality rises dramatically. AAA diagnosis is easy and feasible by radiological tests and duplex ultrasound, being duplex ultrasound first-choice technique for screening and follow-up of AAA because of its features. All these factors make AAA a suitable disease for population screening. There are currently some countries around the world with a population AAA screening programme. In Spain and Catalonia there has never been a population screening programme, with AAA diagnoses coming from incidental findings and opportunistic screenings. Population screening effectiveness in reducing AAA-related mortality is widely proved in literature but in Spain there is a debate on screening economic and logistic feasibility. Our main working hypothesis is that establishing a national AAA screening programme would be economically and logistically feasible. First of all, a systematic review on recent economic analysis on cost-effectiveness of AAA population screening available was performed, and a methodological quality analysis of studies was applied through two questionnaires used to assess economic studies. We found there is enough moderate-to-good quality evidence to state that AAA population screening is cost-effective both currently and over time, but there are neither reliable AAA prevalence data nor population screening pilot programmes available from Spain. Secondly, we performed the first systematic population AAA screening programme in our country, focused on a public health area in Barcelona. It was performed in collaboration with Primary Care, with the British national health system screening programme as a reference model. All 65-years-old inhabitants in this area were invited for screening, both men and women. AAA risk factors and medical history were registered, a duplex ultrasound to measure infrarenal aorta was performed and two physical and mental health perception questionnaires were given to evaluate the screening test's emotional impact in patients. A descriptive analysis retrieved similar risk factors prevalence than those raised by current literature, and results showed an AAA population screening in collaboration with Primary Care is logistically feasible. Nevertheless, AAA prevalence found was lower than expected in men and null in women. We used an economical theoretical model to predict efficiency of AAA population screening in our area over time, and screening turned cost-effective only in men at a 30-years' time horizon. These results make initial budget investment for a national screening programme unlikely to happen, so we suggest similar pilot programmes on greater populations to confirm these findings and we recommend risk subgroup screening as a potentially cost-effective option in our area.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Cirurgia i Ciències Morfològiques
Monteiro, José Augusto Tavares. "Estudo das propriedades histológicas e biomecânicas de fragmentos da parede anterior de aneurismas da aorta abdominal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-20052013-160255/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to determine the biomechanical and histological properties of fragments isolated from the anterior wall of abdominal aortic aneurysms. METHODS: Fragments of the anterior aneurysm wall were excised from the aneurysmatic sac of patients who underwent open surgery for repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm and divided into two specimens. One specimen was sent for histological analysis for quantification of collagen fibers, elastic fibers, smooth muscle cells and degree of inflammatory activity and the other, by uniaxial testing, was used to assess biomechanical properties, such as force, tension, and stress at the time of failure of the material. The means of parametric variables were evaluated with Student\'s t test or analysis of variance. When significant, we used the Tukey test to discriminate differences. The distributions of non-parametric variables were evaluated with Mann- Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis test. When significant, we used Dunn\'s test to discriminate differences. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Anterior-wall fragments from a total of 90 patients were considered. The average values of biomechanical parameters related to the resistance of the aorta (failure) were as follows: strength, 4.98±2.22 N; tension, 13.18±5.98 N/cm; and stress 103.14±47.09 N/cm2. The average deformation of the fragments at the time of the failure was 0.39±0.12. Fragments of aortic aneurysm with a maximum transverse diameter larger or equal to 5.5 cm showed average values for strength, tension, and stress at the time of the failure of the material (5.32±2.07 N, 13.83±5.58 N/cm, and 103.02 N/cm2, respectively), which were higher than those of fragments of aneurysms with diameters less than 5.5 cm (4.1±2.41 N, 10.82±6.48 N/cm, 77.03 N/cm2, respectively). The differences in the 3 parameters were statistically significant. However, no differences were observed between the groups in relation to average failure deformation (0.41±0.12 × 0.37±0.14; p = 0.260) and thickness of the analyzed fragments (1.58±0.41 × 1.53±0.42 mm; p = 0.662). The average values of fiber compositions of the fragments were as follows: collagen fibers, 44.34±0.48% and 61.85±10.14% (assessed using Masson trichrome staining and picrosirius red staining, respectively); smooth muscle cells, 3.46±2.23% (immunohistochemistry/alpha-actin); and elastic fibers, less than 1% (traces) (Verhoeff-van Gieson staining). No differences in fiber percentages were observed in the fragments from aneurysms with a maximum transverse diameter >= 5.5 cm and < 5.5 cm. A more intense inflammatory activity was assessed in fragments from aneurysms with maximum transverse diameter >= 5.5 cm than in fragments from aneurysms with maximum transverse diameter < 5.5 cm (grade 3 - 70% × 28.6%; p = 0.011). Compared to asymptomatic aneurysms, fragments from symptomatic aneurysms showed no significant differences in the biomechanical properties at the time of the failure (strength, 5.32±2.36 × 4.65±2.05 N, p = 0.155; tension, 14.08±6.11 × 12.81±5.77 N/cm, p = 0,154; stress, 103.02 × 84.76 N/cm2, p = 0.144; and deformity, 0.38±0.12 × 0.41±0.13, p = 0.287), thickness of the fragments (1.56±0.41 × 1.57±0.41 mm, p = 0.848) and histological composition (collagen fibers, 44.67±11.17 × 44.02±13.79%, p = 0.808; smooth muscle fibers, 2.52 × 2.35%, p = 0.751; elastic fibers, <1%). CONCLUSION: Fragments of the anterior wall removed from the aneurysmatic sac of large aneurysms appeared to be more resistant than those from small aneurysms. No differences between the aneurysm fragments were observed with respect to thickness and matrix protein content. The high resistance of fragments of larger aneurysms is probably attributable to the adaptation of the wall to support a high hemodynamic stress as the diameter of the aorta increases. In this study, this adaptation was not shown by histological analysis. This suggests a limitation of this study for assessing the risk of rupture based on isolated aneurysm fragments
Macedo, Etienne Maria Vasconcellos de. "Insuficiência renal aguda relacionada à correção de aneurisma da aorta: análise retrospectiva dos fatores de risco e estudo prospectivo para sua prevenção." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-06022007-091420/.
Full textSmall alterations of the renal function during hospital stay and more specifically in the postoperative period determine significant increase in hospital mortality. In order to determine the incidence of AKI (acute kidney injury) and the risk factors for its development in the postoperative period of elective surgical open repair of thoracoabdominal and abdominal aortic aneurisms, it was carried out a retrospective study through the year of 2000. It was found high incidence of AKI, defined as a 25% increase in baseline serum creatinine (SCr), which occurred in 57% of the patients, and in a more strict definition, 50% increase in SCr, which occurred in 33%. The independent risk factors for AKI 25% was the presence of supra-renal clamping (OR 6,9, IC 95% 1,32-36,12) and the total anesthesia duration greater than 339 min (OR 1,00 for each min above 339 min, IC 95% 1,003-1,016). For more serious AKI (50%), the hemodynamic instability, represented for the need of vasoactive drugs in the postoperative period, also was an independent risk factor (OR 7,4, IC 95% 1,84-30,16). The mortality rate found in the study was 42,8% in patients who had supra-renal aortic clamping, and 21,4% in those with only infra-renal aortic clamping. In this study, the independent risk factors for death was baseline glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 49mL/min (OR 17,07, IC 95% 2,00-145,23), the need of supra-renal aortic clamping (OR 9,6, IC 95% 1,37-67,88), AKI defined as an increase of 50% in baseline SCr (OR 8,8, IC 95% 1.31-59,39) and the hyperglycemia in the postoperative period (OR 19,99, IC 2,32-172,28). Thereafter, we tested the protective effect of NAC through a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study with patients eligible for elective open surgical repair of thoracoabdominal e abdominal aortic aneurisms. NAC was give po 1200mg twice daily 24 hours before the operation, and for 48 hours after surgery 600mg twice daily iv. Forty-two patients were enrolled in the study, 18 in group NAC and 24 in the control group. The baseline SCr and baseline GFR did not differ between groups (1,19±0,33 vs 1,37±0,49 mg/dL; and 64,6±26,22 vs 65,7±28,32 ml/min), NAC vs control, respectively, p=0,17 e p=0,90. The incidence of AKI defined as 25% increase in baseline SCr was 36% (13/36), but it was not statistically different between groups (7/14, 50% in NAC and 6/22, 27.3% in the control group, p=0,16). Hospital mortality was 23% (10/42) and was not different (p=0,209) in NAC group (33,3%) when compared with control (16,7% ). Likewise, the length of ICU stay did not differ (2,93±1,53 vs 2,52±1,36 days, p=0,40). This study suggests that although a biological effect of NAC cannot be excluded, its use in the prevention of AKI associated with elective aortic aneurysms cannot be justified
Silva, Júnior José Elias da. "“Aneurisma de aorta infrarenal tratado por via endovascular em pacientes assintomáticos versus sintomáticos. Avaliação da medida do saco aneurismático após um ano de seguimento.”." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152890.
Full textApproved for entry into archive by ROSANGELA APARECIDA LOBO null (rosangelalobo@btu.unesp.br) on 2018-03-05T17:48:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silvajunior_je_me_bot.pdf: 992178 bytes, checksum: 6cf7663fc6a01c288850e2c6ea550472 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-05T17:48:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silvajunior_je_me_bot.pdf: 992178 bytes, checksum: 6cf7663fc6a01c288850e2c6ea550472 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-25
INTRODUÇÃO: A correção endovascular do aneurisma de aorta abdominal (EVAR) modificou o tratamento desta patologia, reduzindo a mortalidade e as complicações, á curto prazo quando comparada à cirurgia aberta. Ainda assim, os pacientes necessitam de seguimento rigoroso a fim de reconhecer as possíveis complicações. O crescimento do diâmetro do saco aneurismático pós-EVAR está relacionado ao risco de rotura ou necessidade de reabordagem, sendo que alguns fatores pré-operatórios podem prever esse aumento. OBJETIVO:Identificar se os sintomas pré-tratamento EVAR podem ser um fator preditivo para a continuidade da expansão do saco aneurismático após tratamento, no seguimento em 12 meses. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo realizado através da coleta de dados do prontuário dos pacientes em seguimento na Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu e que preencheram critérios de inclusão. Os pacientes foram separados em dois grupos de estudos: G1- Pacientes assintomáticos quanto a presença do aneurisma de aorta infrarenal; G2- Pacientes sintomáticos quanto a presença do aneurisma de aorta infrarenal. Todos os grupos foram acompanhados por 12 meses e avaliados quanto ao crescimento do saco aneurismático após o procedimento endovascular, através de AngioTC e Duplex Scan e coleta do exame “proteína C Reativa” para avaliação inflamatória relacionada ao EVAR. RESULTADOS: Foram 9 estudados 112 pacientes. A faixa etária apresentou uma média de 68,6 anos. 80% eram do sexo masculino e 95% brancos. A maioria dos pacientes eram hipertensos e fumantes, 74,1% e 67% respectivamente. No total houve 22,3% de endoleak e o aumento do saco aneurismático foi de 26,8%. Avaliando todos os pacientes, ocorreu diminuição do diâmetro do AAA em média de 0,8cm, entre o pré e pós-operatório. Observou se que 25,3% dos assintomáticos e 30% dos sintomáticos tiveram crescimento do saco aneurismáticos. A presença de endoleak ocorreu em 19% dos assintomáticos e 41,2% dos sintomáticos. No total, 40 % dos pacientes que evoluíram com aumento do saco aneurismático apresentavam endoleak. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes que tiveram dor no pré-operatório, portanto, sintomáticos, apresentaram uma taxa numérica maior do crescimento do saco aneurismático em relação ao grupo que não apresentava sintomas, mas este achado não foi estatisticamente significante. A presença do endoleak não foi a única causa do crescimento dos AAAs. Não houve diferença do PCR colhido no pré-operatório em relação ao crescimento do AAA em ambos os grupos. A hipertensão arterial foi a comorbidades mais frequente na nossa casuística.
BACKGROUND: The endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (EVAR) modified its treatment, reducing the mortality and complications in short-term compared to open repair. Even though, patients need strict follow-up to identify possibly complications. The sac aneurysm enlargement after EVAR is related to the risk of rupture or reintervention, with some preoperative factors can predict this enlargement. OBJECTIVE: Identify if the AAA symptons, especially pain, are predictors of abdominal aortic aneurym sac enlargement after EVAR. METHODS: Retrospective study through the gathering of data about the patientes in follow-up in Botucatu School Medicine. The patients were separated in two groups: G1 – assymptomatics in the preoperative; G2 – syptomatic in the preoperative. Both groups were followed-up for 12 months to the sac enlargement through AngioCT, duplex scan and Reative-C-Protein. RESULTS: 112 patientes were analysed. The age average was 68,6 years. 80% were male and 95% white. Most of them were hypertensive and smoker, 74,1% and 67% respectively. There was 22,3% of endoleaks and 26,8% sac enlargement ratio. 25,3% of the assymptomatics and 30% of the symptomatics had sac enlargement. 19% of the assymptomatics compared with 41,2% of the symptomatics had endoleak. 40% of the patients with sac enlargement had endoleaks. CONCLUSION: The symptomatics preoperative patients has a higher risk compared with assymptomatic group. The endoleak is not the only 11 reason for the AAA sac enlargement. There was no difference between the groups G1 and G2 related to AAA sac enlargement and Reative-CProtein. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity in our study.
Alves, Lais Missae Murakami Domingues Estraiotto. "Estudo da expressão sérica do microRNA-1281, proteína C reativa e avaliação da função renal em indivíduos com aneurisma de aorta abdominal antes e após tratamento endovascular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17137/tde-28052018-160605/.
Full textIntroduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a prevalent and silent disease. Currently, the endovascular approach has been widely used and is the main technique due to the innumerable advantages. However, it has a higher rate of reintervention and requires periodic follow-up with tomography over the years, which increases its costs and has implications such as altered renal function besides the accumulation of radiation. Such conditions justify the search for possible biomarkers that may perhaps replace CT. Objectives: In this study, we sought to correlate the microRNA-1281, Creactive protein (CRP) and the renal function evaluation of individuals with AAA with their evolution after endovascular treatment. Patients and methods: We selected 30 consecutive patients from the Ambulatory of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery of the HCFMRP-USP, in the period from January of 2104 until November of 2015, with abdominal aortic aneurysm and with indication for endovascular treatment. Serum dosages were made preoperatively and 6 months after the intervention Results: There was a hyperexpression of the micro-RNA -1281 in patients with aneurysm and a significant reduction of their serum levels after endovascular correction. Expression of miRNA-1281 showed a positive correlation with creatinine clearence. There was also a positive correlation of CRP with the presence of the aneurysm, and with its diameter, and there was no significant alteration of renal function measured through serum urea, creatinine and indirect clearance calculations. Conclusion: The study showed that 1281 miRNAs may prove to be a potential biomarker for eventual follow-up of patients undergoing AAA endovascular repair. New studies are needed to validate and complement these findings.
Silva, Junior José Elias da [UNESP]. "Aneurisma de aorta infrarenal tratado por via endovascular em pacientes assintomáticos versus sintomáticos: avaliação da medida do saco aneurismático após um ano de seguimento." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152531.
Full textRejected by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: No campo “Versão a ser disponibilizada online imediatamente” foi informado que seria disponibilizado o texto completo porém no campo “Data para a disponibilização do texto completo” foi informado que o texto completo deverá ser disponibilizado apenas 6 meses após a defesa. Caso opte pela disponibilização do texto completo apenas 6 meses após a defesa selecione no campo “Versão a ser disponibilizada online imediatamente” a opção “Texto parcial”. Esta opção é utilizada caso você tenha planos de publicar seu trabalho em periódicos científicos ou em formato de livro, por exemplo e fará com que apenas as páginas pré-textuais, introdução, considerações e referências sejam disponibilizadas. Se optar por disponibilizar o texto completo de seu trabalho imediatamente selecione no campo “Data para a disponibilização do texto completo” a opção “Não se aplica (texto completo)”. Isso fará com que seu trabalho seja disponibilizado na íntegra no Repositório Institucional UNESP. Por favor, corrija esta informação realizando uma nova submissão. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-10-18T17:31:18Z (GMT)
Submitted by José Elias da Silva Júnior null (02525590104) on 2017-10-30T14:35:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Elias da Silva Júnior - MEPAREM.pdf: 992178 bytes, checksum: 6cf7663fc6a01c288850e2c6ea550472 (MD5)
Rejected by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: No campo “Versão a ser disponibilizada online imediatamente” foi informado que seria disponibilizado o texto completo porém no campo “Data para a disponibilização do texto completo” foi informado que o texto completo deverá ser disponibilizado apenas 6 meses após a defesa. Caso opte pela disponibilização do texto completo apenas 6 meses após a defesa selecione no campo “Versão a ser disponibilizada online imediatamente” a opção “Texto parcial”. Esta opção é utilizada caso você tenha planos de publicar seu trabalho em periódicos científicos ou em formato de livro, por exemplo e fará com que apenas as páginas pré-textuais, introdução, considerações e referências sejam disponibilizadas. Se optar por disponibilizar o texto completo de seu trabalho imediatamente selecione no campo “Data para a disponibilização do texto completo” a opção “Não se aplica (texto completo)”. Isso fará com que seu trabalho seja disponibilizado na íntegra no Repositório Institucional UNESP. Por favor, corrija esta informação realizando uma nova submissão. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-11-09T17:08:36Z (GMT)
Submitted by José Elias da Silva Júnior null (02525590104) on 2017-12-15T18:28:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 silvajunior_je_me_bot.pdf: 992178 bytes, checksum: 6cf7663fc6a01c288850e2c6ea550472 (MD5)
Submitted by José Elias da Silva Júnior null (02525590104) on 2017-12-21T12:31:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 silvajunior_je_me_bot.pdf: 992178 bytes, checksum: 6cf7663fc6a01c288850e2c6ea550472 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Vivian Rosa Storti null (vstorti@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2018-01-18T17:56:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silvajunior_je_me_bot.pdf: 992178 bytes, checksum: 6cf7663fc6a01c288850e2c6ea550472 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-18T17:56:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silvajunior_je_me_bot.pdf: 992178 bytes, checksum: 6cf7663fc6a01c288850e2c6ea550472 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-25
Não recebi financiamento
A correção endovascular do aneurisma de aorta abdominal (EVAR) modificou o tratamento desta patologia, reduzindo a mortalidade e as complicações, á curto prazo quando comparada à cirurgia aberta. Ainda assim, os pacientes necessitam de seguimento rigoroso a fim de reconhecer as possíveis complicações. O crescimento do diâmetro do saco aneurismático pós-EVAR está relacionado ao risco de rotura ou necessidade de reabordagem, sendo que alguns fatores pré-operatórios podem prever esse aumento. OBJETIVO:Identificar se os sintomas pré-tratamento EVAR podem ser um fator preditivo para a continuidade da expansão do saco aneurismático após tratamento, no seguimento em 12 meses. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo realizado através da coleta de dados do prontuário dos pacientes em seguimento na Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu e que preencheram critérios de inclusão. Os pacientes foram separados em dois grupos de estudos: G1- Pacientes assintomáticos quanto a presença do aneurisma de aorta infrarenal; G2- Pacientes sintomáticos quanto a presença do aneurisma de aorta infrarenal. Todos os grupos foram acompanhados por 12 meses e avaliados quanto ao crescimento do saco aneurismático após o procedimento endovascular, através de AngioTC e Duplex Scan e coleta do exame “proteína C Reativa” para avaliação inflamatória relacionada ao EVAR. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 112 pacientes. A faixa etária apresentou uma média de 68,6 anos. 80% eram do sexo masculino e 95% brancos. A maioria dos pacientes eram hipertensos e fumantes, 74,1% e 67% respectivamente. No total houve 22,3% de endoleak e o aumento do saco aneurismático foi de 26,8%. Avaliando todos os pacientes, ocorreu diminuição do diâmetro do AAA em média de 0,8cm, entre o pré e pós-operatório. Observou se que 25,3% dos assintomáticos e 30% dos sintomáticos tiveram crescimento do saco aneurismáticos. A presença de endoleak ocorreu em 19% dos assintomáticos e 41,2% dos sintomáticos. No total, 40 % dos pacientes que evoluíram com aumento do saco aneurismático apresentavam endoleak. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes que tiveram dor no pré-operatório, portanto, sintomáticos, apresentaram uma taxa numérica maior do crescimento do saco aneurismático em relação ao grupo que não apresentava sintomas, mas este achado não foi estatisticamente significante. A presença do endoleak não foi a única causa do crescimento dos AAAs. Não houve diferença do PCR colhido no pré-operatório em relação ao crescimento do AAA em ambos os grupos. A hipertensão arterial foi a comorbidades mais frequente na nossa casuística.
The endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (EVAR) modified its treatment, reducing the mortality and complications in short-term compared to open repair. Even though, patients need strict follow-up to identify possibly complications. The sac aneurysm enlargement after EVAR is related to the risk of rupture or reintervention, with some preoperative factors can predict this enlargement. OBJECTIVE: Identify if the AAA symptons, especially pain, are predictors of abdominal aortic aneurym sac enlargement after EVAR. METHODS: Retrospective study through the gathering of data about the patientes in follow-up in Botucatu School Medicine. The patients were separated in two groups: G1 – assymptomatics in the preoperative; G2 – syptomatic in the preoperative. Both groups were followed-up for 12 months to the sac enlargement through AngioCT, duplex scan and Reative-C-Protein. RESULTS: 112 patientes were analysed. The age average was 68,6 years. 80% were male and 95% white. Most of them were hypertensive and smoker, 74,1% and 67% respectively. There was 22,3% of endoleaks and 26,8% sac enlargement ratio. 25,3% of the assymptomatics and 30% of the symptomatics had sac enlargement. 19% of the assymptomatics compared with 41,2% of the symptomatics had endoleak. 40% of the patients with sac enlargement had endoleaks. CONCLUSION: The symptomatics preoperative patients has a higher risk compared with assymptomatic group. The endoleak is not the only reason for the AAA sac enlargement. There was no difference between the groups G1 and G2 related to AAA sac enlargement and Reative-CProtein. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity in our study.