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Journal articles on the topic 'Angiosperm'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Jawaray, Wilfridus Balla, Erfy Melany Lalupan, Anita Tamu Ina, and Agus Kusumanegara. "KEANEKARAGAMAN TUMBUHAN ANGIOSPERMAE DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL MATALAWA KABUPATEN SUMBA TIMUR." Jurnal Biosilampari : Jurnal Biologi 5, no. 2 (2023): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31540/biosilampari.v5i2.1708.

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The highest plant diversity in the tropical rainforest area in Matalawa National Park is the Angiospermae plant. There are still many people in Praingkareha Village who are not familiar with Angiospermae plants or closed seed plants. This study aims to describe the diversity index of Angiosperm plants found in the Laputi Forest block, Matalawa National Park. This research was limited to the Laputi Forest block, so it did not cover the entire forest in Praingkareha Village, Matalawa National Park, East Sumba Regency. This study used a double plot method with a purposive sampling technique. The

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2

Feild, Taylor S., Garland R. Upchurch, David S. Chatelet, et al. "Fossil evidence for low gas exchange capacities for Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves." Paleobiology 37, no. 2 (2011): 195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/10015.1.

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The photosynthetic gas exchange capacities of early angiosperms remain enigmatic. Nevertheless, many hypotheses about the causes of early angiosperm success and how angiosperms influenced Mesozoic ecosystem function hinge on understanding the maximum capacity for early angiosperm metabolism. We applied structure-functional analyses of leaf veins and stomatal pore geometry to determine the hydraulic and diffusive gas exchange capacities of Early Cretaceous fossil leaves. All of the late Aptian—early Albian angiosperms measured possessed low vein density and low maximal stomatal pore area, indic

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3

Friis, Else Marie, Peter R. Crane, Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen, Mário Miguel Mendes, and Jiří Kvaček. "The Early Cretaceous mesofossil flora of Catefica, Portugal: angiosperms." Fossil Imprint 78, no. 2 (2022): 341–424. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.016.

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Angiosperm mesofossils are described from the Lower Cretaceous Almargem Formation exposed near the village of Catefica, Portugal, and are thought to be of Aptian-early Albian age. The mesofossil assemblage from Catefica is diverse and, in addition to the angiosperms described here, also contains a rich assemblage of non-angiosperm fossils, including leafy axes of bryophytes and lycopsids, lycopsid and salvinialean megaspores, and sporangia, sori and leaf fragments of ferns. There are also twigs, cones, cone scales, seeds and sporangia of several kinds of conifers. Other seed plants include 11

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4

Doyle, James A. "Significance of molecular phylogenetic analyses for paleobotanical investigations on the origin of angiosperms." Journal of Palaeosciences 50, no. (1-3) (2001): 167–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.2001.1821.

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Molecular phylogenetic analyses have provided increasing evidence that angiosperms are not related to Gnetales, thus contradicting the anthophyte hypothesis based on morphological cladistic analyses and throwing the question of angiosperm relatives back to paleobotanists. Previous analyses of gene sequences based on a molecular clock conflicted with the fossil record in indicating a Late Palaeozoic or Triassic origin of the angiosperms, but closer examination suggests that these dates were biased by the use of herbaceous taxa with accelerated rates of molecular evolution. Despite uncertainty o

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5

Lusk, Christopher H., Mylthon Jiménez-Castillo, and Nicolás Salazar-Ortega. "Evidence that branches of evergreen angiosperm and coniferous trees differ in hydraulic conductance but not in Huber values." Canadian Journal of Botany 85, no. 2 (2007): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b07-002.

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The hydraulic efficiency conferred by vessels is regarded as one of the key innovations explaining the historical rise of the angiosperms at the expense of the gymnosperms. Few studies, however, have compared the structure and function of xylem and their relationships with foliage traits in evergreen representatives of both groups. We measured sapwood cross-sectional area, conduit diameters, hydraulic conductance, and leaf area of fine branches (2.5–7.5 mm diameter) of five conifers and eight evergreen angiosperm trees in evergreen temperate forests in south-central Chile. Conductance of both

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6

Sun Ge and D. L. Dilcher. "Early angiosperms from Lower Cretaceous of Jixi, China and their significance for study of the earliest occurrence of angiosperms in the world." Journal of Palaeosciences 45 (December 31, 1996): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1996.1260.

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This paper reports the recent study of the earliest known angiosperms in the world found from the Lowe Cretaceous of Jixi, China, and first demonstrates the general information on the oldest known Inflorescences Xingxueina heilongfiangensis Sun et Dilcher (MS) contained in the Jixi early angiosperms. The inflorescences possess numerous pollens in situ, very small, inaperturate and tectate-columellate in exine, and can be compared to those from Valanginian-Hauterivian of Israel studied by Brenner (1995). Based on the comparison and on the marine beds, yielding Valanginian-Hauterivian dinoflagel

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7

Brodribb, T. J., N. M. Holbrook, and R. S. Hill. "Seedling growth in conifers and angiosperms: impacts of contrasting xylem structure." Australian Journal of Botany 53, no. 8 (2005): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt05049.

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Competitive interaction between conifers and angiosperms has moulded the structure of global vegetation since the Cretaceous. Angiosperms appear to enjoy their greatest advantage in the lowland tropics, an advantage often attributed to the presence of vessels in their xylem tissue. By monitoring the seedling growth of three members of the pan-tropical conifer family Podocarpaceae and three tropical angiosperm tree species, our aim was to determine whether these conifer and angiosperm seedlings showed distinct patterns of growth and light adaptation that might be attributed to the presence/abse

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8

Bateman, Richard M. "Hunting the Snark: the flawed search for mythical Jurassic angiosperms." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 1 (2019): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz411.

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Abstract Several recent palaeobotanical studies claim to have found and described pre-Cretaceous angiosperm macrofossils. With rare exceptions, these papers fail to define a flower, do not acknowledge that fossils require character-based rather than group-based classification, do not explicitly state which morphological features would unambiguously identify a fossil as angiospermous, ignore the modern conceptual framework of phylogeny reconstruction, and infer features in the fossils in question that are interpreted differently by (or even invisible to) other researchers. This unfortunate situ

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9

Kinlaw, C. S., D. E. Harry, and R. R. Sederoff. "Isolation and characterization of alcohol dehydrogenase cDNAs from Pinusradiata." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20, no. 9 (1990): 1343–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x90-178.

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Three alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) cDNAs were isolated from Pinusradiata. Two of the cDNAs appear to correspond to alleles of one ADH locus, and the third cDNA appears to correspond to a second ADH locus. Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the coding region of ADH genes from the following species were compared: Pinusradiata, Zeamays, Hordeumvulgare, Triticumaestivum, Oryza sativa, Pisumsativum, and Arabidopsisthaliana. A phylogenetic tree was constructed of coding sequences of pine and angiosperm ADH genes. This tree shows three plant ADH clusters: monocot, dicot, and pine. The distance bet

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10

Wang, Xin. "A Novel Early Cretaceous Flower and Its Implications on Flower Derivation." Biology 11, no. 7 (2022): 1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11071036.

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Background: The origin and early evolution of angiosperms, by far the most important plant group for human beings, are questions demanding answers, mainly due to a lack of related fossils. The Yixian Formation (Lower Cretaceous) is famous for its fossils of early angiosperms, and several Early Cretaceous angiosperms with apocarpous gynoecia have been documented. However, a hypanthium and an inferior ovary are lacking in these fossil angiosperms. Methods: The specimen was collected from the outcrop of the Yixian Formation in Dawangzhangzi in the suburb of Lingyuan, Liaoning, China. The specimen

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11

Eriksson, Ove. "Evolution of angiosperm seed disperser mutualisms: the timing of origins and their consequences for coevolutionary interactions between angiosperms and frugivores." Biological Reviews 91, no. 1 (2016): 168–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463577.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The origins of interactions between angiosperms and fruit-eating seed dispersers have attracted much attention following a seminal paper on this topic by Tiffney (1984). This review synthesizes evidence pertaining to key events during the evolution of angiosperm–frugivore interactions and suggests some implications of this evidence for interpretations of angiosperm–frugivore coevolution. The most important conclusions are: (i) the diversification of angiosperm seed size and fleshy fruits commenced around 80 million years ago (Mya). The diversi

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Eriksson, Ove. "Evolution of angiosperm seed disperser mutualisms: the timing of origins and their consequences for coevolutionary interactions between angiosperms and frugivores." Biological Reviews 91, no. 1 (2016): 168–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463577.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The origins of interactions between angiosperms and fruit-eating seed dispersers have attracted much attention following a seminal paper on this topic by Tiffney (1984). This review synthesizes evidence pertaining to key events during the evolution of angiosperm–frugivore interactions and suggests some implications of this evidence for interpretations of angiosperm–frugivore coevolution. The most important conclusions are: (i) the diversification of angiosperm seed size and fleshy fruits commenced around 80 million years ago (Mya). The diversi

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13

Eriksson, Ove. "Evolution of angiosperm seed disperser mutualisms: the timing of origins and their consequences for coevolutionary interactions between angiosperms and frugivores." Biological Reviews 91, no. 1 (2016): 168–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463577.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The origins of interactions between angiosperms and fruit-eating seed dispersers have attracted much attention following a seminal paper on this topic by Tiffney (1984). This review synthesizes evidence pertaining to key events during the evolution of angiosperm–frugivore interactions and suggests some implications of this evidence for interpretations of angiosperm–frugivore coevolution. The most important conclusions are: (i) the diversification of angiosperm seed size and fleshy fruits commenced around 80 million years ago (Mya). The diversi

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14

Eriksson, Ove. "Evolution of angiosperm seed disperser mutualisms: the timing of origins and their consequences for coevolutionary interactions between angiosperms and frugivores." Biological Reviews 91, no. 1 (2016): 168–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463577.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The origins of interactions between angiosperms and fruit-eating seed dispersers have attracted much attention following a seminal paper on this topic by Tiffney (1984). This review synthesizes evidence pertaining to key events during the evolution of angiosperm–frugivore interactions and suggests some implications of this evidence for interpretations of angiosperm–frugivore coevolution. The most important conclusions are: (i) the diversification of angiosperm seed size and fleshy fruits commenced around 80 million years ago (Mya). The diversi

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15

Eriksson, Ove. "Evolution of angiosperm seed disperser mutualisms: the timing of origins and their consequences for coevolutionary interactions between angiosperms and frugivores." Biological Reviews 91, no. 1 (2016): 168–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13463577.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The origins of interactions between angiosperms and fruit-eating seed dispersers have attracted much attention following a seminal paper on this topic by Tiffney (1984). This review synthesizes evidence pertaining to key events during the evolution of angiosperm–frugivore interactions and suggests some implications of this evidence for interpretations of angiosperm–frugivore coevolution. The most important conclusions are: (i) the diversification of angiosperm seed size and fleshy fruits commenced around 80 million years ago (Mya). The diversi

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16

Krassilov, Valentin A. "Origin of angiosperm characters." Journal of Palaeosciences 45 (December 31, 1996): 400–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1996.1261.

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Models of origin for the typical angiosperm leaf, flower, stamen, pistil and double fertilization are based on evolutionary trends in proangiosperms. It is suggested that angiosperm organs are of chimeric origin, acquired by aggregation and fusion of progenitorial structures. These morphological processes might involve different proangiosperm lineages in unstable (ecotonal, tectonically active) environments. An advantage of early angiosperms in such environments might be due to extended evolutionary potentials of their chimeric organs capable of acquiring new functions related to entomophily a

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Philippe, Marc, and Dmitri Gromyko. "The Putative Jurassic Angiosperm Wood Suevioxylon Zonatum Revisited." IAWA Journal 28, no. 1 (2007): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90001622.

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As the phylogeny and evolution of angiosperms is being completely rewritten by molecular data, there is renewed interest in the earliest fossil record of the group. A putative Jurassic Angiosperm wood, Suevioxylon zonatum Kräusel is revisited. We reinvestigated the type material (specimen and five thin sections) with light microscopy and SEM. This reappraisal indicates that Suevioxylon zonatum is actually a poorly preserved softwood and not an angiosperm.

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18

Ishibashi, Kota, Ian Small, and Toshiharu Shikanai. "Evolutionary Model of Plastidial RNA Editing in Angiosperms Presumed from Genome-Wide Analysis of Amborella trichopoda." Plant and Cell Physiology 60, no. 10 (2019): 2141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcz111.

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Abstract Amborella trichopoda is placed close to the base of the angiosperm lineage (basal angiosperm). By genome-wide RNA sequencing, we identified 184C-to-U RNA editing sites in the plastid genome of Amborella. This number is much higher than that observed in other angiosperms including maize (44 sites), rice (39 sites) and grape (115 sites). Despite the high frequency of RNA editing, the biased distribution of RNA editing sites in the genome, target codon preference and nucleotide preference adjacent to the edited cytidine are similar to that in other angiosperms, suggesting a common editin

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Zhang, Lin, Chien-Hsun Huang, Guojin Zhang, et al. "Nuclear Phylogenomics of Angiosperms and Evolutionary Implications." Diversity 17, no. 2 (2025): 136. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17020136.

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Angiosperms are the largest group of land plants with ~375,000 species, which are classified into ~416 families and ~13,000 genera; they exhibit tremendous morphological and physiological diversities and are important members of diverse terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Angiosperms have attracted continuous efforts to describe and understand these diversities in a framework of interrelationships—the phylogeny, which provides strong support for angiosperm classifications and relies on morphological, anatomical, and increasing molecular markers. Today, great advances in sequencing technology h

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20

Ruban, Dmitry. "Mesozoic mass extinctions and angiosperm radiation: does the molecular clock tell something new?" Geologos 18, no. 1 (2012): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10118-012-0003-3.

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Mesozoic mass extinctions and angiosperm radiation: does the molecular clock tell something new?Angiosperms evolved rapidly in the late Mesozoic. Data from the genetic-based approach called ‘molecular clock’ permit an evaluation of the radiation of flowering plants through geological time and of the possible influences of Mesozoic mass extinctions. A total of 261 divergence ages of angiosperm families are considered. The radiation of flowering plants peaked in the Albian, early Campanian, and Maastrichtian. From the three late Mesozoic mass extinctions (Jurassic/Cretaceous, Cenomanian/Turonian

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Biffin, Ed, Timothy J. Brodribb, Robert S. Hill, Philip Thomas, and Andrew J. Lowe. "Leaf evolution in Southern Hemisphere conifers tracks the angiosperm ecological radiation." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1727 (2011): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.0559.

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The angiosperm radiation has been linked to sharp declines in gymnosperm diversity and the virtual elimination of conifers from the tropics. The conifer family Podocarpaceae stands as an exception with highest species diversity in wet equatorial forests. It has been hypothesized that efficient light harvesting by the highly flattened leaves of several podocarp genera facilitates persistence with canopy-forming angiosperms, and the angiosperm ecological radiation may have preferentially favoured the diversification of these lineages. To test these ideas, we develop a molecular phylogeny for Pod

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Boyce, C. Kevin, and Jung-Eun Lee. "An exceptional role for flowering plant physiology in the expansion of tropical rainforests and biodiversity." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277, no. 1699 (2010): 3437–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.0485.

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Movement of water from soil to atmosphere by plant transpiration can feed precipitation, but is limited by the hydraulic capacities of plants, which have not been uniform through time. The flowering plants that dominate modern vegetation possess transpiration capacities that are dramatically higher than any other plants, living or extinct. Transpiration operates at the level of the leaf, however, and how the impact of this physiological revolution scales up to the landscape and larger environment remains unclear. Here, climate modelling demonstrates that angiosperms help ensure aseasonally hig

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23

Bao, Tong, Bo Wang, Jianguo Li, and David Dilcher. "Pollination of Cretaceous flowers." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 49 (2019): 24707–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1916186116.

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Insect pollination of flowering plants (angiosperms) is responsible for the majority of the world’s flowering plant diversity and is key to the Cretaceous radiation of angiosperms. Although both insects and angiosperms were common by the mid-Cretaceous, direct fossil evidence of insect pollination is lacking. Direct evidence of Cretaceous insect pollination is associated with insect-gymnosperm pollination. Here, we report a specialized beetle-angiosperm pollination mode from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (99 mega-annum [Ma]) in which a tumbling flower beetle (Mordellidae), Angimordella burmitin

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Chambers, Patricia A., and Jacob Kaiff. "Depth Distribution and Biomass of Submersed Aquatic Macrophyte Communities in Relation to Secchi Depth." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 4 (1985): 701–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f85-090.

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Using original data from eight lakes in southern Quebec and literature values from other fakes throughout the world, regression models were developed that allow prediction of the maximum depth of macrophyte colonization (zc) for angiosperms ((zc)0.5 = 1.33 log (D) + 1.40), bryophytes (zc)−0.5 = −0.48 log (D) + 0.81), and charophytes (log (zc) = 0.87 log (D) + 0.31) and the depth of maximum angiosperm biomass (zb)(zb0.5 = 0.54 log (D) + 1.15) from mean summer Secchi depth (D). Irradiance over the growing season at the maximum depth of colonization was about 1800 J/cm2 (1 cal/cm2 = 0.239 J/cm2)

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Gomez, Bernard, Véronique Daviero-Gomez, Clément Coiffard, Carles Martín-Closas, and David L. Dilcher. "Montsechia, an ancient aquatic angiosperm." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 35 (2015): 10985–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509241112.

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The early diversification of angiosperms in diverse ecological niches is poorly understood. Some have proposed an origin in a darkened forest habitat and others an open aquatic or near aquatic habitat. The research presented here centers on Montsechia vidalii, first recovered from lithographic limestone deposits in the Pyrenees of Spain more than 100 y ago. This fossil material has been poorly understood and misinterpreted in the past. Now, based upon the study of more than 1,000 carefully prepared specimens, a detailed analysis of Montsechia is presented. The morphology and anatomy of the pla

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Doyle, James A., and Michael J. Donoghue. "Phylogenies and angiosperm diversification." Paleobiology 19, no. 2 (1993): 141–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300015840.

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Approaches to patterns of diversification based on counting taxa at a given rank can be misleading, even when all taxa are monophyletic. Such “rank-based” approaches are unable to reflect a hierarchy of evolutionary events because taxa of the same rank cannot be nested within one another. Phylogenetic trees specify an order of origination of characters and clades and can therefore be used in some cases to test hypotheses on causal relationships between characters and changes in diversity. “Tree-thinking” also clarifies discussions of the age of groups, by distinguishing between splitting of th

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Lee, Alexandra P., Garland Upchurch, Erik H. Murchie, and Barry H. Lomax. "Leaf energy balance modelling as a tool to infer habitat preference in the early angiosperms." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1803 (2015): 20143052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.3052.

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Despite more than a century of research, some key aspects of habitat preference and ecology of the earliest angiosperms remain poorly constrained. Proposed growth ecology has varied from opportunistic weedy species growing in full sun to slow-growing species limited to the shaded understorey of gymnosperm forests. Evidence suggests that the earliest angiosperms possessed low transpiration rates: gas exchange rates for extant basal angiosperms are low, as are the reconstructed gas exchange rates for the oldest known angiosperm leaf fossils. Leaves with low transpirational capacity are vulnerabl

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Friis, Else Marie, Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen, and Peter R. Crane. "Diversity in obscurity: fossil flowers and the early history of angiosperms." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1539 (2010): 369–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0227.

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In the second half of the nineteenth century, pioneering discoveries of rich assemblages of fossil plants from the Cretaceous resulted in considerable interest in the first appearance of angiosperms in the geological record. Darwin's famous comment, which labelled the ‘rapid development’ of angiosperms an ‘abominable mystery’, dates from this time. Darwin and his contemporaries were puzzled by the relatively late, seemingly sudden and geographically widespread appearance of modern-looking angiosperms in Late Cretaceous floras. Today, the early diversification of angiosperms seems much less ‘ra

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Sen, S. P., and D. G. Dutta Roy. "DNA homology as a tool for determination of divergence of phanerogamic taxa." Journal of Palaeosciences 41 (December 31, 1992): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1992.1117.

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The utility of DNA homology as tool for determination of divergence of phanerogamic taxa is discussed. DNA-DNA hybridization values of living gymnosperms and members of primitive angiospermic families indicate highest homology between Gnetum and Magnoliaceae, supporting the gnetalean origin of angiosperms. Conifers like Thuja occidentalis show no less homology with primitive angiosperm families than do the cycads. The living monocots and gymnosperms have diverged even farther. The primitive dicotyledonous families revealed fairly high homology among themselves but the other more derived famili

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Gaff, Donald F., and Melvin Oliver. "The evolution of desiccation tolerance in angiosperm plants: a rare yet common phenomenon." Functional Plant Biology 40, no. 4 (2013): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp12321.

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In a minute proportion of angiosperm species, rehydrating foliage can revive from airdryness or even from equilibration with air of ~0% RH. Such desiccation tolerance is known from vegetative cells of some species of algae and of major groups close to the evolutionary path of the angiosperms. It is also found in the reproductive structures of some algae, moss spores and probably the aerial spores of other terrestrial cryptogamic taxa. The occurrence of desiccation tolerance in the seed plants is overwhelmingly in the aerial reproductive structures; the pollen and seed embryos. Spatially and te

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McKenna, Duane D., Andrea S. Sequeira, Adriana E. Marvaldi, and Brian D. Farrell. "Temporal lags and overlap in the diversification of weevils and flowering plants." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106, no. 17 (2009): 7083–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0810618106.

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The extraordinary diversity of herbivorous beetles is usually attributed to coevolution with angiosperms. However, the degree and nature of contemporaneity in beetle and angiosperm diversification remain unclear. Here we present a large-scale molecular phylogeny for weevils (herbivorous beetles in the superfamily Curculionoidea), one of the most diverse lineages of insects, based on ≈8 kilobases of DNA sequence data from a worldwide sample including all families and subfamilies. Estimated divergence times derived from the combined molecular and fossil data indicate diversification into most fa

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Friis, Else Marie, Peter R. Crane, and Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen. "The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora of Torres Vedras (Ne of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis of an Early Angiosperm Community." Fossil Imprint 75, no. 2 (2019): 153–257. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/if-2019-0013.

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Abstract An Early Cretaceous mesofossil flora is described from the lower part of the Almargem Formation (late Barremian-early Aptian) from Torres Vedras (NE of Forte da Forca), Portugal. The flora is the oldest mesofossil flora containing angiosperm remains to be described in detail based on well-preserved flower, fruit and seed remains. In addition to angiosperms, the mesofossil flora also includes megaspores, sporangia and tiny leaves of spore-bearing plants. There are also twigs, cone fragments and seeds of conifers and seeds assigned to the BEG group. In total about 100 species have been

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Fu, Qiang, Jie Sun, Shaolin Zheng, and Xin Wang. "Unique Jurassic Ovaries Shed a New Light on the Nature of Carpels." Plants 13, no. 16 (2024): 2239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13162239.

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Enclosed ovules are a reproductive feature restricted to angiosperms. Although this feature can be used as a criterion for identifying fossil angiosperms, how ovules are enclosed and the nature of the placenta are still foci of debates. A reason underlying these controversies is the lack of reproductive organ fossils shedding light on these issues. These controversies hinder a clear understanding of angiosperm evolution and systematics. Here, we report a new fossil ovary, Xenofructus dabuensis gen. et sp. nov, from the Middle Jurassic of Liaoning, China. Our fossil clearly demonstrates the exi

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Lu, Lu, Alexandra H. Wortley, De-zhu Li, Hong Wang, and Stephen Blackmore. "Evolution of Angiosperm Pollen. 2. The Basal Angiosperms1." Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 100, no. 3 (2015): 227–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3417/2012048.

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Mander, Luke. "A combinatorial approach to angiosperm pollen morphology." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1843 (2016): 20162033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2033.

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Angiosperms (flowering plants) are strikingly diverse. This is clearly expressed in the morphology of their pollen grains, which are characterized by enormous variety in their shape and patterning. In this paper, I approach angiosperm pollen morphology from the perspective of enumerative combinatorics. This involves generating angiosperm pollen morphotypes by algorithmically combining character states and enumerating the results of these combinations. I use this approach to generate 3 643 200 pollen morphotypes, which I visualize using a parallel-coordinates plot. This represents a raw morphos

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Pouteau, Robin, Santiago Trueba, and Sandrine Isnard. "Retracing the contours of the early angiosperm environmental niche." Annals of Botany 125, no. 1 (2019): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcz131.

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Abstract Background and Aims Our aim was to understand the environmental conditions of the emergence and radiation of early angiosperms. Such a question has long remained controversial because various approaches applied in the past have drawn conflicting images of early angiosperm ecology. Methods We provided a new perspective on the question by using support vector machines to model the environmental niche of 51 species belonging to ten genera of extant lineages that diverged early during angiosperm evolution (basal angiosperms). Then, we analysed the resulting pattern of niche overlap and de

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Chambers, P. A., and E. E. Prepas. "Underwater Spectral Attenuation and Its Effect on the Maximum Depth of Angiosperm Colonization." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 6 (1988): 1010–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-124.

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Data collected from 23 Alberta lakes and literature values for 45 other north temperate lakes were used to develop regression models to evaluate the effect of underwater light quality on the maximum depth of angiosperm colonization. Unlike most north temperate lakes, eutrophic Alberta lakes have unusually low levels of dissolved colour and, as a result, transmit blue light particularly well. Comparison of regression equations relating the maximum depth of angiosperm colonization (zc) and Secchi depth (D) for lakes with low colour [Formula: see text] and with high colour [Formula: see text] sho

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Janssens, Steven, Thomas L.P. Couvreur, Arne Mertens, et al. "A large-scale species level dated angiosperm phylogeny for evolutionary and ecological analyses." Biodiversity Data Journal 8 (January 21, 2020): e39677. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e39677.

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Phylogenies are a central and indispensable tool for evolutionary and ecological research. Even though most angiosperm families are well investigated from a phylogenetic point of view, there are far less possibilities to carry out large-scale meta-analyses at order level or higher. Here, we reconstructed a large-scale dated phylogeny including nearly 1/8th of all angiosperm species, based on two plastid barcoding genes, <i>matK</i> (incl. <i>trnK</i>) and <i>rbcL.</i> Novel sequences were generated for several species, while the rest of the data were mined from GenBank. The resulting tree was

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Hickey, Leo J., and David W. Taylor. "Paleobiology of early angiosperms: evidence from sedimentological associations in the Early Cretaceous Potomac Group of the eastern U.S.A." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200006882.

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Lately, we proposed a hypothesis that the ancestral angiosperm was a diminutive, rhizomatous to scrambling perennial herb with small simple flowers. Our phylogenetic studies suggest that arborescent to shrubby magnolialians with large, multiparted, complex flowers are derived, rather ancestral as commonly thought. We suggest that the early angiosperm, due to its rhizomatous habit, would have been able to survive in more ephemeral habitats. A test of this idea would be to examine the sedimentological context of early angiosperms.Despite a number of reports of early angiosperm megafossils from B

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Bechtel, Achim, and Doris Groß. "Insights into floral and climatic changes from biomarker and isotopic composition of land plant organic matter – A review." Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society 85, no. 1 (2024): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52215/rev.bgs.2024.85.1.67.

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Biomarkers and isotopic composition of coal and plant tissue enable insights into floral assemblage and paleoenvironment. Abundance, distribution, and d13C values of leaf wax lipids (i.e. n-alkanes) differ between angiosperm and gymnosperm plants. Terpenoid hydrocarbons are used to assess the contributions of gymnosperms versus angiosperms. The influence of varying contributions of angiosperms and gymnosperms on d13C of coal can be overcome by the analyses of fossil wood remains for their isotopic composition. Angiosperms and gymnosperms show similar H-isotope fractionation between n-alkanes a

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Hochuli, Peter A., and Susanne Feist-Burkhardt. "A boreal early cradle of Angiosperms? Angiosperm-like pollen from the Middle Triassic of the Barents Sea (Norway)." Journal of Micropalaeontology 23, no. 2 (2004): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.23.2.97.

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Abstract. The origin of flowering plants is still a matter of dispute. Several lines of evidence suggest that their origin may go back to the Triassic. This paper reports on pollen grains with angiosperm-like morphologies from marine Middle Triassic sediments of the Boreal Realm (Norwegian Arctic, Barents Sea area). The morphology of these pollen grains is comparable to forms recorded from the Early Cretaceous, which are generally attributed to angiosperms. The new finds of angiosperm-like pollen are the earliest in the fossil record so far and show an astonishing high diversity. In contrast t

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Kordyum, Elizabeth L., and Sergei L. Mosyakin. "Endosperm of Angiosperms and Genomic Imprinting." Life 10, no. 7 (2020): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life10070104.

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Modern ideas about the role of epigenetic systems in the regulation of gene expression allow us to understand the mechanisms of vital activities in plants, such as genomic imprinting. It is important that genomic imprinting is known first and foremost for the endosperm, which not only provides an embryo with necessary nutrients, but also plays a special biological role in the formation of seeds and fruits. Available data on genomic imprinting in the endosperm have been obtained only for the triploid endosperm in model plants, which develops after double fertilization in a Polygonum-type embryo

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Sakala, Jakub, and Radek Vodrážka. "A new species of Antarctoxylon: a contribution to the early angiosperm ecosystem of Antarctica during the late Cretaceous." Antarctic Science 26, no. 4 (2013): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095410201300076x.

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AbstractA new species of Antarctoxylon is described from the Coniacian Hidden Lake Formation of James Ross Island as A. mixai Sakala, sp. nov. This angiosperm fossil wood shows a unique combination of features in having indistinct growth ring boundaries, scalariform perforation plates with about 30 bars and rays both narrow (1–6-seriate) and very wide (up to 18-seriate). Its systematic affinities and exact living relative at the specific, generic or even familial level cannot be specified. Along with Weinmannioxylon nordenskjoeldii from James Ross Island and the angiosperm woods from the Willi

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Dudagonda, Ashok, Venkat Ramana Munigela, Chandramohan Kolagani, and Nethaji Kante. "INTRASPECIFIC DIVERSITYANGIOSPERM TAXA FROM FLORA OF TELANGANA, INDIA." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 04 (2024): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18532.

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The tendency of intraspecific variation among wild Angiosperms (Flowering plants) has been increasing in the modern times. The reason maybe the climate change, habitat disturbances, geographical isolation. The studies pertaining to the intraspecific taxa is very scanty though they were reported in the classical records (ca. 3000 years). To explore the intraspecific diversity among Angiosperm taxa and find out the intraspecific variations from the Flora of Telangana the studies taken up as part of the doctoral degree. A total of ca. 50 intraspecific Angiosperm taxa reported from the flora of Te

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Ma, Lichao, Yanrong Wang, Wenxian Liu, and Zhipeng Liu. "Expression analysis of seed-specific genes in four angiosperm species with an emphasis on the unconserved expression patterns of homologous genes." Seed Science Research 23, no. 4 (2013): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258513000305.

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AbstractMedicago truncatula, soybean (Glycine max), Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa) all belong to the core angiosperm group of plants. Seed-specific genes are important for seed formation and development in these angiosperms. The identification of genes specifically expressed in angiosperm seeds and the comparison of the expression patterns of homologous genes among different angiosperm species can provide novel insights into the functions of genes that control seed development and the evolution of angiosperms. We downloaded the sequences and expression data from the relevant data

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Golovneva, Lina, Pavel Alekseev, Eugenia Bugdaeva, and Elena Volynets. "An Angiosperm Dominated Herbaceous Community from the Early – Middle Albian of Primorye, Far East of Russia." Fossil Imprint 74, no. 1-2 (2018): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/if-2018-0012.

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An extraordinarily well-preserved autochthonous angiosperm herbaceous community is described from the Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Frentsevka Formation, southern Primorye, Far East of Russia. The locality Bolshoy Kuvshin is situated on the coast of the Ussuri Bay on the Bolshoy Kuvshin Cape near the town of Bolshoy Kamen. The plant-bearing layer was determined to be early - middle Albian in age. The angiosperm assemblage includes six species: Achaenocarpites capitellatus Krassilov et Volynets, Ternaricarpites floribundus Krassilov et Volynets, Jixia pinnatipartita S.X.Guo et G.Sun, Asiatif

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Li, Jing, Xiaoyang Gao, Xuan Zhang, and Changning Liu. "Dynamic Expansion and Functional Evolutionary Profiles of Plant Conservative Gene Family SBP-Box in Twenty Two Flowering Plants and the Origin of miR156." Biomolecules 10, no. 5 (2020): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10050757.

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Conservative gene families in plants, which are closely related to innovations in flowering plants, have long and complex evolutionary histories. Here, we used the SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein (SBP-box) gene family as an example to study conservative gene families in flowering plants. In total, 11 groups, including nine angiosperm-conservative groups and two monocot- and eudicot-specific groups, were identified. Among the nine angiosperm-conservative groups, four are conserved in all land plants and the remaining five are angiosperm-specific. The five angiosperm-specific groups exhibit st

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Jud, Nathan A., Michael D. D’Emic, Scott A. Williams, Josh C. Mathews, Katie M. Tremaine, and Janok Bhattacharya. "A new fossil assemblage shows that large angiosperm trees grew in North America by the Turonian (Late Cretaceous)." Science Advances 4, no. 9 (2018): eaar8568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aar8568.

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The diversification of flowering plants and marked turnover in vertebrate faunas during the mid-Cretaceous transformed terrestrial communities, but the transition is obscured by reduced terrestrial deposition attributable to high sea levels. We report a new fossil assemblage from multiple localities in the Upper Cretaceous Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale Formation in Utah. The fossils date to the Turonian, a severely underrepresented interval in the terrestrial fossil record of North America. A large silicified log (maximum preserved diameter, 1.8 m; estimated height, ca. 50 m) is

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Paterno, Gustavo Brant, Carina Lima Silveira, Johannes Kollmann, Mark Westoby, and Carlos Roberto Fonseca. "The maleness of larger angiosperm flowers." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 20 (2020): 10921–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910631117.

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Flower biomass varies widely across the angiosperms. Each plant species invests a given amount of biomass to construct its sex organs. A comparative understanding of how this limited resource is partitioned among primary (male and female structures) and secondary (petals and sepals) sexual organs on hermaphrodite species can shed light on general evolutionary processes behind flower evolution. Here, we use allometries relating different flower biomass components across species to test the existence of broad allocation patterns across the angiosperms. Based on a global dataset with flower bioma

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Boura, A., G. Saulnier, D. De Franceschi, et al. "An early record of a vesselless angiosperm from the middle Cenomanian of the Envigne valley (Vienne, Western France)." IAWA Journal 40, no. 3 (2019): 530–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-40190238.

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ABSTRACTThousands of silicified wood fragments were recently collected from the middle Cenomanian of Vienne in western France at less than 10 km away from a historical locality where in 1870 the French geologist Alphonse Le Touzé de Longuemar reported silicified wood. The plant assemblage is very diverse, and includes several species of ferns, conifers, and angiosperms. We describe and discuss the systematic affinities of a new vesselless angiosperm. Many of its characters are shared by extant and fossil Winteraceae. Nevertheless, the absence of uniseriate rays makes the anatomy of these speci

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