Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Anglais (langue) – Linguistique'
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Karray, Mohamed. "Les slogans publicitaires en anglais, analyse linguistique et problèmes de traduction." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100050.
Full textRuel, Clémentine. "Acquisition de la complexité linguistique en anglais langue maternelle et en français langue étrangère." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL164.
Full textThis research is based on the new hypothesis on acquisition: in the course of the acquisition of their mother tongue, children produce their own utterances from previously heard utterances using transformations called “reformulations”. It consists of the analysis of the reformulation procedures and of some complex phenomena in children aged 8 and 10 years-old’s oral productions in English as a mother tongue (EMT) and of Analysis of the reformulation procedures in teenagers’ oral productions in French as a foreign language after approximately 4 to 5 years of learning.At 8 years-old in EMT, children tend to simplify the source utterances. At 10 years-old, children use a larger number of different kinds of reformulation procedures and they use more complex reformulation procedures. As at 8 years-old, 10-year-old children still tend to simplify some complex verbs. This also shows that these verbs are indeed complex. Lastly, children reformulate more often the source relative clauses with relative clauses than 8-year-old children. Towards 17 years-old and after 4 to 5 years of learning French as a foreign language (FFL), mastering the mother tongue would be a determinant factor in the acquisition of FFL: due to the syntactic proximity between the English and the French languages and to their age, teenagers produce paraphrases that are more complex. Teenagers tend to simplify source utterances when the source utterance is complex at a lexical and syntactical level, as do the children with English as a mother tongue
Guillaume, Bénédicte. "Approche énonciative des question tags en anglais contemporain : étude d'un corpus écrit et oral." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE2030.
Full textCaudal, Patrick. "La polysemie aspectuelle - contraste francais/anglais." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070067.
Full textMoreau, Catherine. "Les opérations énonciatives et l'hypothétique en anglais." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070103.
Full textHypothesis is one of the assertive modalities, in the same way as assertion, injunction and interrogation. The various values of the conjunction "if" result from the dichotomy which is found between both co-domains of certain and non-certain, on which the preconstruction of hypothesis is based. The notions of possibility, eventuality and probability are involved in the preconsstruction of the degress of potentiality and unreality, which are there illustrated through a topological representation. Incompatiobilities in the usage of hypothesis with some modal auxiliaires functioning as epistemic or radical modalities inside the if-clause result from its status as an enunciative operation
Saaoui, Omar. "Le traitement énonciatif d'un groupe d'adjectifs en anglais contemporain : previous, next, former, future." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070046.
Full textThis study offers an analysis of a group of adjectives, namely previous, next, former, and future, within an utterer-based theoretical framework, The Theory of Enunciative Operations. These adjectives are known in previous studies as temporal adjectives due to their reference to the past and/or the future. Analysis of the underlying operations marked by these adjectives relies on key concepts developed within Culioli's theory: 'notional domain', 'location', and 'schematic figure'. Each adjective is associated with a schematic form that accounts for all the uses of the adjective. This form is an abstract representation that takes the form of a double movement with a prospective and a retrospective orientation, hence the name 'orientational adjectives'. These adjectives share other common features, apart from being attributive-only. They select different types of nouns (for instance, former president/wife is common, former mother/father is more constrained), they display constraints with determiners (deictic location of a time unit selects 0 while contextual location admits only of the). Moreover, the study shows how these adjectives constitute/a sub-class within the adjectival category
Bouylmani, Ahmadou. "Temps et aspect en arabe et en anglais." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040074.
Full textIt is a study contrasting two temporal and aspectual systems of arabic and english languages. The study in question is divided into two parts: the first delimits the linguistic objects of study (arabic and english languages); provides the necessary justification for the choice of the subject and the theoritical frame appropriate to the study. It also gives a historical glimpse about tense and aspect and their definitions. It finally defines the methodological instruments adapted to the analysis. The second shows us the affinity that exists between modality, aktionsart, voice, determination, personal pronouns and performative verbs. . . ,and how we cannot study one without the other. It deals by the same occasion with the two levels of enonciation (discourse narration), which are considered like a general frame where all the temporal and aspectual values such as actual present, remote present, present perfect and remote perfect are characterized. Our reflexion on the problem of tense and aspect in arabic and in english is keeping with the general pattern of the theoritical perspective of enonciation such as it was developped by culioli a. And his group of research. It is essentially based on an approach elaborated by descles j-p (a disciple of this linguistic trend)for the notion of aspect in french language
Vallée, Michaël. "La coordination et la subordination à l'épreuve des opérations énonciatives : le cas du connecteur "for"." Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT5007.
Full textDesurmont, Christopher. "Recherches sur l'ellipse en anglais contemporain." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040148.
Full textBottineau, Didier. "Aspect, actance et modalité : systématique de l'infinitif anglais." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040205.
Full textThis study, based on the linguistic theory of G. Guillaume (the psychomechanics of language), with references to the meta-operational grammar of H. Adamczewski and the theory of operations of A. Culioli, deals with the way in which English utterances containing an infinitive verb form are generated : the genesis of a projected subject-predicate matrix, submitted to the mental scrutiny of the enunciator, can be intercepted at an early stage, resulting in an utterance which displays a virtualized connection between a potential subject (determined or undetermined) and the predicate, with a verbal relator passing a modal comment justifying the interception. A relator with a subject of its own is fore fronted, whereas a subjectless one remains inserted between the subject and the verb. An unintercepted subject-to-predicate connection is unmarked; an intercepted one is marked by one or several auxiliaries, with or without to, depending on the degree of actualization; a previously available connection is revalidated by -ing or virtualized by a past participle. The choice of aspectual verb forms is shown to reveal the degree of modal validation of the subject-to predicate link accepted by the enunciator, resulting in a correspondingly actualized link between the subject and the verb. The potential significates of verb forms, affixes and grammatical words in general are ascribed to the clusters of phonemes they contain: each sound represents an elementary mental process, and the meaning and syntax of grammatical words and some major lexical words is determined by the combination of processes their morphology involves. The infinitive is defined as the keystone between this cognitive structure of the word and the modal genesis of utterances it enables. This approach leads to a distinction between the morphogenic operations carried out by the enunciator and the semantic processes he tries to induce the hearer to perform
Labrosse, Pierre. "L'aspect en anglais de l'informatique." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040150.
Full textPerrin, Isabelle. "L'impératif en anglais et les opérations énonciatives." Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030021.
Full textWithin the framework of culioli's theory of enunciative operations, this study aims at defining a fundamental linguistic operation common to all imperative utterances, in spite of the numerous values they elicit (order, request, advice, condition, etc. ). On the basis of a corpus made of genuine examples, the analysis proceeds from a diachronic and synchronic study which leads to the proposition of a new theoretical hypothesis about the nature of the english imperative -- a hypothesis then corroborated against actual linguistic phenomena
Mauroy, Régis. "Les verbes anglais et les marqueurs anaphoriques de la prédication." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070084.
Full textUtterances are made of a basic type of relations : predicative relations that link a predicate to its theme, the source of the relation. Each predicative relation can be set up as a first operation, most of the time with a verb in a finite or non finite form, and with or without tense, aspect and modality. It can also be referred to in a second mention by the operation of anaphor (marked in English by it, which, as, zero, so, not, and nouns with the. . . /his. . . . /her. . . . , etc) and deixis (this and that). These markers are associated to verbs of different types. These markers are associated to verbs of different. The question is about distributional compatibility between the verb and the markers, for example think-so/ know-it/ believe-it et believe-so. It is therefore necessary to distinguish between verbs and propositions dertermined as facts, i. E. Quantified, distinguished, ascertained (factive) occurrences, and verbs connected to propositions bearing epistemic modality of uncertainty (non-factive). The former are determined in terms of located, distinctive quantified units and the latter only in terms of the properties of the notion, to use the terms of an utterer-centred approach. The operation at stake apply or do not apply the previous determinations, according to the new verbal context (particularly modalities and assertion) and they exert some constraints on the verb. The purpose of this study is therefore to determine the ways in which contextual references to predicative relations can be used and reused both in the discourse of a single speaker and in dialogues for the purpose of linguistic communication
Iankova, Bissera. "Le present perfect anglais et le parfait bulgare : étude contrastive." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070111.
Full textThe object of this study is the English "present perfect" and the Bulgarian "parfait". Our research is based on the theoretical principles of the tense-aspect model of Cognitive and Applicative Grammar. In our analysis we identify three values of "present perfect" and parfait : resulting state, experiential value and inferential value. We present arguments in favour of the claim that the use of the perfect in both languages is determined by the requirements of the utterance situation and more precisely, by the enunciator's intention to emphasize the subject/agent or the object/patient present state. The value of resulting state is the most frequent one in both languages. The aspectual notion of achievement is characteristic of this value, the verbal telicity being an important factor in determining this value. Contrary to the value of resulting state, the experiential value is characterized by the aspectual notion of non-achievement and its occurrences are often accompanied by atelic verbs and adverbs of duration. As to the inferential value, we argue that context, extra-linguistic factors as well as modality are important to determining this value. In English, we find modality integrated in the predicate and in Bulgarian it is dispersed in the whole utterance. Another difference between the two languages concerns aspectual indicators. Contrary to English, Bulgarian has morphological marks of aspect. This divergence determines the different nature, number and distribution of aspectual marks in the two languages
Ingouacka, Guy Cyr Rufin. "Conjonction et cohésion discursive en anglais : étude psychosystématique." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040032.
Full textThe work deals with discursive cohesion by leans of conjunctives in English, that is coordinative and subordinative conjunctions, linking adverbs and prepositions. We term that type of cohesion connexion, a transpredicative connexion because it is expressed by transpredicative words. Only coordinative and subordinative conjunctions have been examined properly. The formers can be defined as words bearing potentially in tongue a double phoric movement. In speech, it simultaneously refers to two elements placed before and after it. The latters are for the most part "nominalisateurs". They also link two linguistic elements that is the nominalized and the non nominalized, expressing then the nature of their link. The way conjunctives are used in a text, a speech etc. . . Can characterized a writer
Kerfelec, Valérie. "L'exclamation : syntaxe, sémantique, pragmatique en anglais et en français." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040148.
Full textThe 'exclamatory examples' given by linguistic and grammatical reference books or even by native speakers when asked are extremely varied in number and quality. This goes well beyond the usual confusions typically brought about by the categories of Traditional Grammar. Eventually one has to admit there exists a wide gap between how confident the speaker feels about naming proper forms and how uncertain the actual contours of the category are. Accordingly the aim of our research is not so much to design a theory of exclamation as to understand the way it functions. This implies investigating the phenomenon without losing sight of the forms that make it up and considering how one proceeds from exclamation to exclamations and exclamatory sentences. The analysis is based on a corpus of 672 examples illustrating all the disparities observed and includes critical reading of past and current literature on the subject. All the forms and hypotheses that can be met with being thus gathered , the analysis tries to select among them or synthesize them. It generalizes whenever possible but is mainly set on discriminating and classifying , so as to come to a better understanding of what exclamation can possibly be both in extension and intention
Lutrand-Pezant, Brigitte. "Les propositions complétives en that en anglais contemporain." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040212.
Full textThis study, based on a computer-based corpus of over 7 000 examples, falls into three parts : first a presentation of the linguistic knowledge so far on the subject of that clauses, then a description of the forms present in the corpus together with statistics and third an analysis of their lexical and syntactic environments. The issue of the choice between that and Ø has been carefully examined. The behaviour of these clauses has been studied through literary texts of the 19th and 20th centuries as well as in journalistic and scientific writings. Oral English has been compared to written English when necessary. This research did also try to show the characteristics of South African, Irish, British and American English regarding these clauses
Bellion, Dominique. "Aspects argumentatifs du langage, domaine anglais." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376117164.
Full textFerré, Gaëlle. "Ralations entre discours, intonation et gestualité en anglais britannique." Paris 3, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00135076.
Full textThis work is a single-case study based on a conversation between two young British ladies recorded on a video. We first analyzed the constituents of the oral paragraph which has been defined by Morel and Danon-Boileau (1998), showing the links that exist between discourse, intonation and gestures. We come to the point that the structural and prosodical differences between English and French have an impact on gestures : since oral English globally keeps a harmonious syntactic structure as compared to oral French, some gestures such as gestures of discourse organization are rarely used by speakers. But then, the study of pauses, speaking turns and hyperparagraphs (larger units than the oral paragraph) shows that co-locution (the way speaking turns are managed) and co-énonciation (the speaker’s representation of his interlocutor’s way of thinking) are realized with the same prosodical and gestural marks, even though we notice some intercultural differences between the two languages
Crake-Rossette, Fiona. "Parataxe et connecteurs : observations sur l'enchaînement des propositions en anglais contemporain." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040250.
Full textWhile reference is often made indirectly to parataxis, it is rarely a central object of linguistic study. Generally it is considered a default mode of clause linkage, as opposed to the use of connecting items. Parataxis is presented here in a different light, as an essential and rich resource in the production of meaning. This thesis aims to determine its distribution, both within and across sentences. To do this, a data base is set up, into which are entered the clauses of forty persuasive texts, both written and oral. Each clause is classified according to the way it is linked to the preceding clause (parataxis, coordination, subordination, use of an adverb, fronting of a circumstantial element) and also with reference to a number of other criteria (type of grammatical subject, verb form, syntactic complexity, position of the clause within the sentence, the paragraph/turn and the text) in order to determine whether the latter influence the choice of clause linkage. Particular reference is made to aspects of textual grammar studied in systemic functional linguistics (cohesion, coherence, textual progression and the negotiating of the communicational exchange). The relationship between form and meaning, the structuring of implicit content, and the role inference plays in the interpreting process are essential points of this study. The "space" which both separates and links two clauses is described with relation to the different types of meanings it concentrates. It is suggested that connecting items are superfluous to the understanding of the text, and that pragmatic and stylistic considerations determine the choice between the explicit and implicit modes. Studies of examples illustrate that parataxis is the more expressive of the two, confirming the hypothesis that with fewer words more can in fact be communicated
El, Kaladi Ahmed. "Systématique du pronom personnel en anglais." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040341.
Full textThis is a corpus-based study of english pronouns. Our aim is to show that pronouns express six vectorial forms : person, number, gender, case, extensitivity and incidence. After discusing each of these categories, we proceed to analyse anaphora and cataphora
Moumni, Jaouad. "Etude syntaxique des phrases négatives en Arabe et en Anglais." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030046.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the negative system of SA, MA and English within the generative framework. With respect to the tense system in SA, it is proposed that the imperfective verb is unmarked for tense, contrary to the perfective verb which is marked for past tense. Being unmarked for [+T], the verb moves to [T-Ø]. [T-Ø] is anaphoric, and therefore checks its time feature by coindexation with C° (time of speech). Accordingly, the present time reading is derived via a T-chain mechanism: [V-TØ-C°]. It is also argued that temporal information can be conveyed by different morphemes: C°, MOD [+NEG], NEG [+T], and T°. Chapter II investigates the syntactic structure of verbless sentence in MA. Adopting the rule of Copula Deletion, I suppose that the verbless negative sentence is to be represented as ma-Ø-š, where Ø stands for the phonetically unrealized “be-PRES-AGR”. Chapter III adopts the current analysis of do-support as a last resort strategy triggered by the verb’s inability to raise overtly to IP. Adopting this analysis, I assume that do is a verbal base introduced in syntax so as to support the inflectional morphemes. Finally, it is argued that Negative Concord is a characteristic of languages in which the regular marker of sentential negation is associated with NEG°. Spec-NEGP is filled by a non-overt operator which is associated with all [+NEG] XP by unselecting binding. Given such an underlying configuration, the NEG Criterion requires that multiple XPs, endowed with NEG features, undergo NEG-absorption so as to be interpretable as one feature in LF
Bouzon, Caroline. "Rythme et structuration prosodique en anglais britannique contemporain." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX10087.
Full textHoarau, Lucie. "Étude contrastive de la coordination en français et en anglais." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070064.
Full textLanglais, Annie. "Prépositions et particules adverbiales : versatilité sémantique et fonctionnalité grammaticale : étude de linguistique contrastive." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030054.
Full textThis study is an investigation into the distribution in usage of short english morphemes making up the body of prepositions and/or adverbial particles. The author has selected 15 forms among the most versatile, as regards their lexical as well as their syntactic potentiality. They are : at, in, on, off, up, down, by, over, through, across, to, from, out, away and about. This work is conducted in the light of cognitive concepts - among which that of family resemblances. - with a view to bringing out, half-way between predictiveness and convention, some pattern of semantic coherence extending over the whole set of their occurrences. The linguistic analyses feed on the theoretic works of antoine culioli and ronald langacker. Last but not least, the contrastive method is used throughout. All the examples are studied in context, in comparison with their available translation into french. The interlingual perspective has a dual advantage : it throws light on the intralingual workings, while contributing its piece to research in translation. This particular field appears all the more challenging as these "minor parts of english speech" sound eminently idiomatic to the french ear. Definitely cutting across categories, the author's work consists in shadowing each morpheme thanks to conceptual metaphor, from a prototypical prepositional value - a topological asymmetric relation between two elements - over to its temporal and more abstract occurrences, down to some non-referential adverbial values, thus replacing the morpheme into a topology of grammatical space. Through successive shifts along a semantic, lexical and syntactic continuum, the study ends with and opens up onto the issue of the aspectual determination of the verb by the particle, and lays the bases for a parallelism with another class of iconic units, namely affixes. Those points are presented as matter for prospective research
Chaabani, Ilham. "L'anaphore pronominale en anglais moderne et en arabe classique : approche psychomécanique." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040074.
Full textThis thesis deals with anaphoric pronouns in modern english and classical arabic. It emphasizes reference assignation for pronominal anaphora when a strictly linguistic approach does not seem sufficient. We have proceeded in this analysis through agreement non agreement, endophora exophora diachotomies. These latters, applied to english and arabic, allowed us to conclude, firstly that grammatical ageement can not be considered in itself as a sufficient criteria to identify the relevant antecedent and that the control of pronoun is not only linguistic but also pragmatic. Secondly, in exophoric cases, the personnal pronoun can be justified either in the situation (a-memorial) or in the past of memory (memorial). Nevertheless, we consider that anaphora is basically memorial, because, even if the referent is absent from the text, it is checked by the hearer memorically
Barthélémy, Julie. "Le marqueur through : proposition de représentation métalinguistique dans la théorie des opérations énonciatives." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN1621.
Full textLansari, Laure. "Linguistique contrastive et traduction les périphrases verbales "aller + infinitif" et "be going to /." Paris : Ophrys, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=018664884&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textMoncomble, Florent. "Contribution à une analyse psychomécanique de la détermination zéro en anglais contemporain." Littoral, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DUNK0219.
Full textThis work aims at redefining the principles underlying the identification and interpretation of unmarked determination of the noun in English. It is based on a corpus consisting of press articles and radio and television broadcasts. The criterion of commutation allows a clear distinction between the absence of any article, and the zero article. The former is found especially in expressions where the noun is only a pre-substantive, deprived of internal incidence and thus incapable of referring. The latter signals a genuine operation of determination, as opposed to the mere designation of the notion, insofar as the noun phrase is provided with a reference : here we have a real zero marker, a significate with a null signifier. The zero article comes first in the sequence of determinations. It represents an immanent prehension of the notion as it crosses the threshold between tongue and discourse. It gives an interior view of the referent, devoid of any outlines, which is found notably in the mperfective view of process nouns. The co-utterer bases his reconstruction of the reference, which can be prepared in advance, on the saliency of the referent in the context. The zero article in itself is neither specific nor generic : at the level of tongue, it represents an extensive movement which stretches from the particular to the general. The theory is applied to three cases : the translation from English to French of the absence of marked determination ; the apparent absence of articles in newspaper headlines ; zero determination in A. Proulx’s novel “The Shipping News”. These investigations confirm the absence of article/zero article dichotomy and the fundamental value of the latter
Col, Gilles. "L'expression de l'avenir en anglais contemporain : opérations et marqueurs." Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOL007.
Full textThe study tries to unify the different markers expressiong future time in english (aspectual markers, modal markers) with A. Culioli's theory of utterance operations as a framework. The apparently single operation of "prospective validation" is eventually marked by three different groups of markers, representing three different components of the notional category called "avenir" : 1- prospective validation itself as a modal operation based on a disconnection between the time of utterance and the time referred to by the predicate (will shall); 2- prospective effect, which is a reference to future time stemming from a particular predicative structure, ie. Anon-saturated predicative relation (markers with to infinitive : be going to, is to, likely to, due to, bound to, about to, have to, ought to, and the imperative); 3- prospective value, expressed by aspectual markers (simple present, the be+ing form), and by which the validation of the predicative relation is "anticipated", whereas it is "aimed at" or only "stated as prospective" in the other cases (respectively" will'and markers with to infinitive). Therefore, the expression of future time is the representation of a state of affairs which is wished, imposed, decided,. . . In the time of utterance, but which does not exist yer : it is located relative to a time either "disconnedted" from the time of utterance or only "different" but still linked to it (e. G. Be going to, be+ing). The expression of future time is not a mere problem of forms (cf. The opposition tense time), nor a problem of reference (to future time, from a modal point of view), but it is a large operation analisable both at the level of the construct ion of an utterance (through the utterer's viewpoint, the co-utterer's role, the influence of time locators) and at the level of predicative operations (the problem of the saturation of the predicative relation)
Mélac, Éric. "L'évidentialité en anglais - approche contrastive à partir d'un corpus anglais-tibétain." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030172/document.
Full textThis study aims to give a detailed description of evidentiality in English in contrast with Tibetan. It is based on a specialised corpus collected in Tibet and in England (TSC and CSC/LAC, 2010-2012, 10 h.).Tibetan has a complex and grammaticalised evidential system, and its description can provide a preliminary analytical grid for a semantic assessment of English evidentiality. Athentic examples and quantitative data from the corpus illustrate and supplement the analyses of the Tibetan verb phrase from previous research (Tournadre & Sangda Dorje 1998), in order to lay the foundation of the semantics of evidentiality. The evidential markers that emerge in the Tibetan and English sections of the corpus are examined so as to determine the parameters that motivate their usage. Tibetan evidentials are mainly grammatical and paradigmatised: copulas, verb suffixes and enclitics. English evidentials are either lexical or semi-grammatical: perception verbs, cognition verbs, speech verbs, modals, adverbs, conjuncts, parentheticals and discourse markers (Nuyts 2001a, Cappelli 2007, Sanders & Sweetser 2009, Mortensen 2010, Whitt 2010, Gisborne 2010, Miller 2008, Boulonnais 2010, Gurajek 2010, Kaltenböck et al. 2011, Heine 2013).This survey of Tibetan and English evidentiality provides precise data for the analysis of the consequences of a grammatical or a lexical rendering of this notion (Talmy 2000, Bybee et al. 1994, Nuyts 2001a, Boye & Harder 2009). Qualitative and quantitative evidence illustrates the differences in complexity, optionality, frequency, semantic restriction, speaker commitment, informative status and discourse strategy in the two systems. Finally, this study reassesses the assumed dichotomy between grammatical and lexical evidentiality (Aikhenvald 2004), arguing that evidentials in both Tibetan and English inhabit a lexicon-grammar multidimensional continuum, merely in different positions. This study does not question that the Tibetan evidential system is more grammaticalised than the English one, but it shows that the latter presents all the signs of partial grammaticalisation. This reassessment leads to the conclusion that evidentiality is a relevant and necessary notion for a thorough linguistic description of English
Panitz, Florian. "Die temporalen Elemente des Englischen und deren Zeitbezug in fiktionalen narrativen Texten : Semantik, Pragmatik und nicht-monotone Inferenzen in einem indexikalischen Modell temporaler Bedeutung /." Tübingen : M. Niemeyer, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399173090.
Full textAuran, Cyril. "Prosodie et anaphore dans le discours en anglais et en français : cohésion et attribution référentielle." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX10086.
Full textMokhtari, Najat. "Étude contrastive de quelques quantifieurs en anglais, en français et en arabe : Approche métaopérationnelle." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA03A005.
Full textGuillaume, Bénédicte. "Approche énonciative des "question tags" en anglais contemporain /." Paris : Ophrys, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb409573117.
Full textMargerie, Hélène. "Grammaticalisation : diachronie et cognition." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30070.
Full textThis study is about grammaticalization, with particular focus on the English language. Grammaticalization is here considered as the evolution of a lexical form in a specific context to a grammatical item or construction. Starting with a diachronic perspective, I describe the morphological, syntactical and phonological development of several forms on their way to grammaticalization. Linguistic renewal and creation are matters at the heart of the process. The study of the transformations undergone and also engendered by the grammaticalizing/grammaticalized forms reveals some trends, though each form goes through its own development which does not necessarily agree with the principles laid down by some linguists working on the topic. I then move on to the semantics of the source-forms. The latter are frequently recruited among recurring notional domains. The comparison between languages highlights a similar link between source and target, thereby underlying the cognitive salience of some notions. Semantic bleaching is questioned as it fails to account for the survival, and also the extension, of the schematic structure of the original meaning. Lastly, the semantic changes that occur during grammaticalization are the result of various mechanisms -metaphor, metonymy, conversational implicature, generalisation. Each mechanism is looked into from a specific viewpoint and is the answer to different communicative strategies associated to a cognitive and pragmatic approach to language change
Cotte, Pierre. "Le système des auxiliaires modaux dans le système verbal de l'anglais contemporain." Grenoble 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE39001.
Full textThe subject of this study is threefold; it is an analysis of the morphosyntactic properties of the modal auxiliaries of english and it aims at giving a general semantic definition of their class as well as of each individual modal auxiliary. It is shown that the class of modal auxiliaries is characterized by abstraction and virtualisation - semantic properties that are revealed by a comparison with the mass of the other verbs of english and to-periphrases. These properties explain why the modals do not require to after them and lack the specific marker of the present tense of the indicative mood. The analysis also shows how the modals became orga- nized into a paradigm whose model is to and were thus led to abandon the quasi nominal mood to be used only finitely. It is also concerned with the relation between this paradigm and do and is able to account for the fact that they do not combine. The thesis thus shows that each formal property is motivated by the general meaning of the class but it is also a systematic exploration of the semantic potential of each particular modal and is concerned with the relations between modal and other auxiliaries, in particular the order of operators in the verb phrase of english
Flucha, Laurence. "Le marqueur as en anglais contemporain dans le cadre de la théorie des opérations énonciatives." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN1321.
Full textJohansson-Manoury, Elisabet. "Le marqueur so en anglais contemporain : ses emplois en relation avec un élément verbal." Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN1403.
Full textSimour, Brahim. "Le placement des adverbes anglais en -ly : approches linguistique et psycholinguistique." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA083799.
Full textSTORZ, CARL. "Les anglicismes et les americanismes dans la langue francaise depuis 1945 : une approche linguistique et didactique." Paris 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030107.
Full textAnglicisms and americanisms (or borrowings from the english language) have played and still play an important role in the evolution of the lexical stock of the french language. From a corpus of some 4. 500 borrowings i have made two classifications. - the first, linguistic in nature, separates findings into simple complex lexical items and in graphically assimilated non graphically assimilated items. The objective being to observe influences modifications on the semantics, syntax and orthography of contemporary french. - the second, socio-linguistic in nature, clearly indicates where the major influences lie: in the technical fields, arts (music, film etc. ), sports, transportation. Anglicisms americanisms have a practical application in the teaching of french as a foreign language, especially in the context of english-speakers. The idea is to develop a lesson from english words which make up part of everyday spoken french to help encouage students to acquire language
Gaudy, Isabelle. "La négation en anglais oral spontané : approche intonative de "not, n't, no"." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030002.
Full textThe established difference between not and n't as representative marks of standard and colloquial english is brought into question through an intonative analysis dealing with the height and shape of these negatives. "Higher negation" corresponds mainly to not and is uttered in a binary or alternative context negating an already established predicative link. This negation of assertion exists on a diologal mode. N't corresponds mostly to "lower negation" and describes negative facts. This negative assertion belongs to a monologal type of expression. Question-tags reiterate the redundancy between not/n't and the upper and lower levels. N't question-tags with a falling intonation are self-sufficient utterances, whereas not question-tags with a rising intonation indicate discrepancy. However, redundancy is not always systematic. An intonative analysis helps decipher the compulsory or occasional forms. No contains both the values of the lower and upper types of negation. It can negate information or accept a negative content. Its shape and its links with the subsequent information must then be taken into account. No makes it possible to reconsider negation under the angle of anticipation
Bourdin, Philippe. "Espace, temporalité, personne : parcours en linguistique anglaise, française et générale." Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA131036.
Full textThe main topic of this thesis is directional deixis, as encoded by “ventive” and “itive” markers. We propose to show how they work in specific languages and how they grammaticalize, across languages, into exponents of future reference, temporal modulation, passive voice and “transcursive” aspect. The relationship between directional deixis and person deixis is also addressed. The paths of semantic reformatting followed by venir in French and by come and go in English are the topic of specific papers, written in a typological and/or diachronic perspective. Separate papers deal with issues in English linguistics (the adverb just, the prepositions within and without), French linguistics (tense and aspect marking, the verbs sembler and paraître) and general linguistics (devices designed to reduce or remove referential indeterminacy, goal-bias)
Herry, Nadine. "Evaluation objective et subjective de la prosodie anglaise parlée par des français : apport de l'enseignement assisté par l'ordinateur." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10064.
Full textCastagné, Clotilde. "La logique énonciative des structures relatives "déviantes" en anglais contemporain." Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030069.
Full textWithin the linguistic frame of the theory of enunciation this 6research deals with non-standard relative structures in oral english - zero subject relative pronoun, "as" and "what" relative pronouns and relative clauses with a redundant pronoun. First of all, we put forward a hypothesis about the so-called standard relatives, bringing into light the operation of preconstruction well illustrated by the acquisition of relatives by children. We then try to analyse the enunciative logic of non-standard relative structures in terms of discursive integration. Zero subject relatiwe commonly found in middle-english now appear in two main types of structures ("it is np" and there is np"). Each corresponds to different discursive patterns but to one and the same syntactic pattern in which the svo word order is maintained. This is also true of the other non-standard relatives, thus avoiding the operation of preconstruction above mentioned, and it seems to be a universal feature of relativisation in various languages in the world
Poulisse, Nanda Bongaerts Theo Kellerman Eric. "The use of compensatory strategies by Dutch learners of English /." Dordrecht : Foris, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35530833q.
Full textARNAUD, PIERRE J. L. "Recherches sur le vocabulaire et l'evaluation dans l'apprentissage d'une langue etrangere (anglais)." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070035.
Full textThe first part consists of a survey of several domains contributing to the understanding of vocabulary acquisition. After a short study of the notion of lexical sign, the data on the unilingual's mental lexicon are examined. Experiments on the bilingual lexical store and applied linguistics research are then surveyed. A chapter on pedagogy ends the first part. The second part includes five experimental reports. In the first experiment, five different vocabulary tests were administered. Their practical qualities are compared. A unique lexical competence factor appears through factor analysis. The second experiment constitutes an attempt at the external validation of vocabulary tests. Students take atest and write an essay. Several lexical richness variables are correlated with the scores, and significant correlations point to the test's validity. The third experiment consisted in administering tests of l2 vocabulary, grammar and dictation, and l1 vocabulary. The results suggest that there exists a specific link between the degrees of lexical knowledge in the two languages. In the 4th experiment, knowledge of words by students and their frequency were correlated: no significant relationship appeared. Finally, several characteristics of subjective estimates of l1 word frequencies are examined (test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, relationship with word knowledge). Performance on l2 tasks of the same type showed that these cannot constitute indirect measures of l2 proficiency; furthermore, the subjects probably resorted to strategies that involved their l1
Gettliffe, Patrick. "Verbes à particule et structuration de l'énoncé anglais." Paris 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030099.
Full textIn this study, the preposition and the particle are seen as language operators taking part in the structuring of the utterance. As far as the transitive phrasal verb is concerned, the position of the particle is analysed as denoting a difference in the phrasal verb - object relationship
Kasmi, Samira. "Les pronoms relatifs en anglais moderne (perspective psychosystématique)." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040136.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the study of the relative pronouns system in English. Its first part deals with the relative pronouns, from the point of view of traditional grammar, structural and transformational ones. Then, the basis of the analysis used was exposed in the second chapter. The last part presents the study of the relative pronouns: wh-ever, wh (o) (ich) (at), that and but, at the tongue level, in which one value is found, as well as at the discourse level, in which the surface and various uses of each pronoun are related to its unique value
Chabert-Fioretti, Evelyne. "Génitif et construction prépositionnelle en of en anglais contemporain." Grenoble 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE39009.
Full textThe work is an attempt at showing that the genitive and of-phrase in contemporary english constitute a pragmatically motivated pair of syntactic variants. Their interdependence can be defined in terms of the functional specificity of either construction, in that they make up a system in which they fulfill complementary functions. The study is organised according to a threefold methodological cycle: - observation of data : the complex - and seemingly chaotic-distribution of the pair of variants is described, with reference to a corpus of 1106 utterances : it is thus shown that the two structures can be either in complementary distribution (mineteen syntactic constraints are described) or in free variation. - formulation of a hypothesis : an explanatory model is proposed, bringing into relief the existence of a unique, all-encompassing, unifying constraint leading to the use of the genitive construction or the of-phrase. However, the model fails to account for the impossibility to genitivize adjectives used as nouns in english (probably because they are only partially nouns). - experimentation : the model is systematically compared to the data described in the course of the initial phase of the study. The verifications are then extended to the phonological level. Verifying the model finally reveals the diagrammatic iconicity of the pair of variants : the symmetrically opposed arrangements of the modifier and head-noun in either syntactic structure is an icon of the complementary functions they fulfill