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1
Kapapelo, Eduardo. "The Role of State Institutions in Preventing Violent Conflict in Angola." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78661.
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The majority of the literature within the study of Political Sciences suggests and tries to paint a picture of how to manage societies and prevent conflict, and in doing so how State structures (institutions) can better manage and mediate social relations in curbing conflict. International Law - and the later establishment of International Human Rights Law (IHRL) - builds on the foundations of Political Sciences by creating a framework for which States must not only adhere to minimum standards of behaviour on how they interact with other States but also and, more importantly - how they treat their citizens.
Despite such a seemingly simple relationship (systems and rules) and the normative standards at the international level for the protection of human rights, this thesis argues that overly-centralised states have a hand in contributing towards the emergence of conflict. The design of the State, through its institutions, is paramount in safeguarding individual rights and in doing so, preventing the occurrence and or resurgence of violence. Furthermore, the thesis contends that while there are both global and regional mechanisms for the protection of human rights which promote values of peace, inclusiveness and democratic governance, States are still the main actors in international politics. As such it is their responsibility to structure institutions which would reflect such values based on their local contexts and realities.
Angola, the case study for this inquiry, confirms that the very nature of its institutions has created conditions under which individual rights and liberties are undermined, enhanced by its overly-centralised State with a strong command culture. Since independence, Angola has experienced a situation of social and political instability through (1) an attempted coup almost immediately after independence, and (2) a civil war which would continue for nearly thirty years. Due to these factors, Angola has never had the opportunity to develop democratic institutions which would work towards safeguarding individual rights while promoting democratic governance.
Such undemocratic trend has been a feature of Angola’s post-war political landscape. Paraphrasing Davis (1962) - dissatisfaction breeds dissent, and dissent leads to revolt. In an article entitled ‘Watch out Angola – repression only generates more dissent’ Marissa Moorman (2015) argued that the Angolan government has for the better part of a decade since the end of the Civil War mostly ‘resorted to force to stay in power’. In such regard, a recurring theme of this inquiry is that dissatisfaction breeds dissent and dissent breeds revolt. This dissatisfaction has then been seen in the form of the denial of rights, high levels of unemployment, corruption, and the centralisation of State power within the executive and the undermining of State institutions such as Parliament and the judiciary has created high levels of discontent, and though conflict is a natural part of human nature it can nevertheless be controlled, managed and prevented through institutional re-engineering. The reform of Angola’s State institutions is thus vital towards preventing a recurrence of violence.
The research for this thesis found that though the end of the civil war resulted in ‘peace’ and the adoption of a new constitution which specifies a wide range of rights, the overly-centralised State, high levels of corruption and institutional inefficiency has created bottlenecks towards the realisation of individual rights and freedoms. Several issues were identified which led to the civil war, in addition, and within the post-war context such issues are those which have yet to be addressed both socially and within the Constitution.
In addressing such hindrances, the author of the thesis identified that reforming the State and its institutions are vital not only for the prevention of violence but for the establishment of democratic governance. In doing so, the author found that there is an urgent need to decentralise State power by limiting executive power while at the same time further emphasising the role of provinces. Such emphasis is then also based on a more prominent role of the Angolan Parliament which should not only regain its full legislative and oversight functions of government (executive) but should assume a bicameral structure.
The conclusion is that for the achievement of such objectives, the onus not only falls on government but also civil society to begin designing a State which is inclusive and safeguards individual participation within the process of governance.<br>Thesis (DPhil) - University of Pretoria, 2021.<br>Centre for Human Rights<br>DPhil<br>Unrestricted
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Pule, Ramakwe Nicholus. "State ownership, petroleum revenue, and the enduring legacy of authoritarianism in Angola." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33919.
Full textAbstract:
In the post-independence period, Angola's political economy has been shaped by the petroleum industry. After gaining independence in 1975, Angola turned authoritarian and subsequently, Sonangol, a state-owned oil company, was created. Once established, authoritarianism in Angola persisted for a long period, with oil playing a major role. This study investigates how the state's ownership of Sonangol has reinforced authoritarianism in Angola. Theoretically, it builds on the ideas of the resource curse hypothesis, which refers to the adverse effects of abundant non-renewable resources on a country's socio-economic and political outcomes. In addition to these findings of an adverse impact of non-renewable resources, this study argues that the type of resource ownership matters. Specifically, state ownership adversely affects political regimes. The rentier state model and the centralized political economy model of the resource curse are applied to investigate how the interaction between state ownership and petroleum revenue has reinforced authoritarian persistence in Angola. Building on Ross' quantitative cross-national findings of this interaction, this study uses process tracing research method to provide an in-depth investigation of Angola. There are two central findings. First, state ownership (with control) in the oil sector enabled the Angolan state to capture petroleum rents directly. This direct access to rents granted the state autonomy from having to formulate its goals under the scrutiny of its citizens, and thus undermined the statesociety bargaining dynamic. Second, the incumbent's discretionary power over the distribution of petroleum rents as patronage increased the value of staying in power and provided sufficient incentives for authoritarian practices to persist.
3
Coelho, Maria Antonieta Martins Rodrigues. "Rupture and continuity : the state, law and the economy in Angola, 1975-1989." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1994. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36340/.
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This work analyses the main lines of the attempts of the post-colonial state to ensure the implementation of a project of social change to respond to the expectations Angolans had of independence. Focusing on the functions and limits of the state and law, it aims to inquire about the barriers to social change generated by state intervention and the role of law in the shaping of social relations. After references to the colonial society and the social groups and responses it generated, the conditions in which Angola attained independence are summarised. Chapter 3 describes the project of change as in 1975 (the so-called socialist option) and the different changes in the constitutional framework up to 1989 as a result of political struggles, emphasising the progressive centralisation of decision-making within the state and related loss of participation of grassroots organisation. Part II deals with the central command economy. It describes the project of change in the period 1976-1988, as well as the different national and international factors leading to the failure of part of the avowed goals it aimed. Chapter 4 analyses the legal regimes of public enterprise and the planning system, from the standpoint of resource allocation and shortage, approaches of state bureaucracies to the system, problems of co-ordination and information, and struggles for the control of allocative apparatuses. Chapter 5 approaches the central command economy from the standpoint of control of wages and prices, statisation of trade and welfare provisions. It demonstrates that in the area of distribution the central command economy was not capable of satisfying the needs for consumer goods and lost the control of this economic area for the informal economy. Chapter 6 refers to specific problems of change in peasant societies and the policies of the post-colonial state to deal with them. Chapter 7 describes different aspects of post-colonial legislation dealing with international economic relations, emphasising the progressive fragmentation of state property rights under international contracting as one of the conditions for the failure of the attempts to implement a central command economy. The third part deals with the main lines of the 1988-1992 economic and political reforms, analysing their background and outcomes, within the (analytical) boundaries of the short time-span of these changes so far. The conclusions focus on the economic and social, national and international, boundaries of projects of radical change implemented from above in an underdeveloped country, on the role of the peripheral 'soft state' and on the functions performed by postcolonial economic law in promoting change and enabling social groups access to resources.
4
Pelot-Hobbs, Lydia. "Organizing for Freedom: The Angola Special Civics Project, 1987-1992." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/349.
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During the 1980s and 1990s, the US prison system was expanding at an unprecedented rate. This research charts how prisoners at the nation’s largest maximum-security prison, the Louisiana State Penitentiary, commonly referred to as Angola, founded the Angola Special Civics Project to collectively organize for prison reform. Using a combination of oral history and archival research, this thesis argues that the Angola Special Civics Project emerged during an era of political opportunity created by the coupling of political openings and contractions. Unlike outside advocates who focused their reform efforts on internal conditions, the Angola Special Civics Project centering of prisoners’ experiential knowledge led them to organize for an end to life sentencing through a combination of research, political education, electoral organizing, and coalition building. This thesis further asserts that their organizing should be conceptualized as a form of prison abolitionist reforms.
5
Vieira, Francisco Sandro da Silveira. "A república de Angola : O MPLA e o projeto de construção do Estado-Nação - 2002-2012 /." Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/180767.
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Orientador: Dagoberto José Fonseca<br>Banca: Bas'ilele Malomalo<br>Banca: Christian Fernando dos Santos Moura<br>Banca: Ivair Augusto Alves dos Santos<br>Banca: Sabrina Rodrigues Garcia Balsalobre<br>Resumo: Com o advento da Paz, em 2002, o poder e a influência do Partido Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (MPLA) ganharam novos e diferentes contornos em todo o país, de modo a se constituir como a maior força catalisadora dos anseios do povo angolano, consolidando sua força e projeto hegemônico na sociedade. Desde então, o país tem reforçado, a partir de uma política de Estado, os laços de longa data com um grupo de potências de média dimensão, entre as quais o Brasil merece, certamente, uma atenção especial. Tal fato demonstra que a atuação do MPLA também é constituída na elaboração de uma agenda política internacional que tem parceiros na Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa (CPLP), no âmbito regional (SADC), e conta com o apoio também dos BRICs, especialmente da China, do Brasil, e da África do Sul. Nosso objetivo é fazer uma análise de Angola do pós-guerra (2002 a 2012), centrados na agenda de desenvolvimento para Angola elaborada pelo MPLA, mas especialmente analisar e interpretar como esse processo impactou na construção do novo Estado-nação surgido após várias décadas de conflitos.<br>Abstract: Following the advent of peace, in 2002, the power and influence of the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) have won new and different shapes in the whole country, constituting itself as the single catalyzing force of Angola's Peoples wishes, thus consolidating its force and hegemonic project within the society. Since then, the Country has strengthened, from a Estate Policy perspective, the long lasting ties with a group of mid-sized nations, among which Brazil, certainly, deserves special attention. Such fact shows that MPLA's proceeding is also constituted in the elaboration of an international political agenda with partners at the Community of Portuguese Language Speaking Countries (CPLP), within the regional sphere at the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) and counting with the support of the BRICS, notably China, Brazil and South Africa. Our goal is to perform an analysis of post-war Angola (2002 - 2012), centered in the development agenda elaborated by the MPLA, but more importantly analyze and interpret how this process impacted the construction of the new Nation-State that emerged after several years of conflict.<br>Doutor
6
Brito, Neto Manuel. "Historia e educação em Angola : do colonialismo ao Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola (MPLA)." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/252396.
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Orientador: Jose Claudinei Lombardi<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T23:13:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2005<br>Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo central de análise ¿a História da Educação de Angola: do colonialismo ao MPLA¿. Nele se analisam o momento mais alto do processo de educação colonial, suas contradições principais, crise e derrocada, no período abrangendo os anos entre 1956 e 1974. A educação colonial, compreendida como um sistema, produziu a ideologia da dependência, da subordinação e transformou Angola em território de exportação de matérias-primas e mão-de-obra barata para a indústria dos países industrializados da Europa e seus aliados. A trajetória da implementação de uma educação contra-hegemônica pelo Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola ¿MPLA¿ é aqui também analisada como o surgimento de uma educação, cujos objetivos se voltavam para as amplas massas populares de angolanos, até então submetidos à escravatura colonial portuguesa. A nova educação, surgida nos anos 50 do século XX, foi decorrente do surgimento e desenvolvimento de várias formas de associação civil dos naturais de Angola, que assumiram relevante papel como atores nos processos de mobilização e da mudança social que se verificou nos anos de 1974 e 1975. Ressalta-se que esses movimentos foram reconhecidos como espaço de criatividade e inovação social, e caracterizados como agentes de pressão político-social, protestos, contestações e resistência, nesse período que marcou uma nova etapa na implementação da proposta educacional do MPLA. No início deste novo milênio, o MPLA, reiniciou a implantação do processo de reconstrução e de ampliação da esfera da educação pública. Ainda hoje é notória a resistência a essas mudanças<br>Abstract: This work has as central aim purpose the analysis of "The History of the Angola¿s education from colonialism to MPLA. It makes the analysis of the huge moment's process of colonial educations, their main contradictions, crisis and overthrow, in the period comprised betwen 1956 and 1974 years. The colonial education conceived as a system produced an ideological dependence, subjection and changes Angola in a exporter territory of raw material and cheaper manual labor to Europe's industrial countries and his allies. The course to fix a kind of counter hegemonical education by the People's Movement for the liberation of Angola (MPLA) has been analised, also, as a result of a education that the aim purposes widespread on the vast popular mass people's Angola country. The new education aroused by the 50' years of the 20th century elapsed as issue and development in many features of civil association Angola's folks, whose take over relevant role as protagonists inside the mobilization process and social chagements that takes place betwen the 1974 to 1975 years. Those movements had been recognized as a place of creativity and social newness and featured as a agent of political stress, disapproval, protestation and resistence. In this millennium marked by a new stage in the process to introduce his educational purposes the MPLA restarted the process of reconstruction and enlargement of the sphere from the public education. Today is notorius the resistence against it's changes<br>Doutorado<br>Historia, Filosofia e Educação<br>Doutor em Educação
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Schubert, Johannes Gabriel. "'Working the system' : affect, amnesia and the aesthetics of power in the 'New Angola'." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9746.
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How political authority and legitimacy are sustained in societies marked by socio-economic inequality and political exclusion is a long-standing preoccupation in the social sciences. Since the end of its civil war in 2002, Angola has often been cited as a paradigmatic case of such ‘illiberal peacebuilding’; of successful post-war transition to economic recovery and formal, political liberalisation, closely managed and tightly controlled by a ‘neoauthoritarian’, dominant-party regime. Based on 12 months of fieldwork in Luanda, this thesis offers an empirically and analytically innovative perspective that balances the ‘Africa rising’ narrative pervading mainstream media reports of post-war Angola, and complicates the clientelist account of Angolan politics that predominates academic literature. It does so by privileging an ethnographic approach rooted in urban life, encompassing social strata commonly studied separately. This seeks to delocalize the anthropological gaze and capture the radical social and spatial mobility of everyday life in Luanda. By working through the emic notion of the ‘system’, this thesis pays attention to both material practices and symbolic repertoires mobilised in the co-production of the political. For Angolans the ‘system’ is simultaneously a moral ordering device, a critique, and a mode d’emploi for their current political and socio-economic environment. It is characterised by multiple internal tensions: between the stasis and speed of urban life; blockages and mobility; the past and the future; ‘memory work’ and selective amnesia; and between fear and hope; and the affects and aspirations produced by ‘power’. Through detailed analysis of the practices through which people ‘work the system’, and of the political imaginaries and discursive repertoires that ‘make the system work’, the thesis looks at the myriad processes through which relationships between ‘power’ and ‘the people’ are constantly remade, renegotiated, and dialogically constructed. The analytical value of this notion of the ‘system’ is that it avoids reproducing a simplistic distinction between ‘state’ and ‘society’. By revealing the multiple linkages between these two spheres, we can think beyond ‘resistance’ and ‘complicity’, drawing out a more subtle account of hegemony, beyond the ‘cultivation of consent’ by the dominant. Examining the ‘functioning’ of ‘the system’ through the eyes of its ‘users’, the thesis therefore builds upon, and extends anthropology’s critique of dominance as something ‘produced’ by a group of select individuals, and investigates instead what it means and how it feels to live in and be part of such a polity. Its chapters explore the interweaving strands that make up this complex, mutually dependent relationship: history and the disjunctures between official and affective memories, ideas of racial and class identities, the idioms of kinship, and the practices and symbolisms of money-making. However, instead of reifying notions of ‘memory’, ‘tradition’, ‘identity’ or ‘corruption’ as analytical concepts, the thesis shows how social actors mobilise and modify these idioms in everyday interactions with ‘power’. Both in practice and in imagination, this ‘New Angola’ is constituted as essentially urban, upwardly mobile and aspirational, with rural areas left ‘behind’. Thus Luanda epitomises both a lived reality and a political project that stands for the entire country, as well as ‘laboratory of the global’, offering new insights into the politics of the everyday in dominant-party regimes in the 21st century.
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Guide, Antonio Marcos de. "TPA - o modelo de tv pública de Angola." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27153/tde-21072009-201835/.
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Este trabalho apresenta uma análise da TPA - TV Pública de Angola fazendo-se um paralelo com outros modelos de TV pública no Brasil, na Alemanha, nos Estados Unidos e na Inglaterra. Para atingir o objetivo da pesquisa, a presente dissertação começa com uma pesquisa sobre a história de Angola, desde antes da colonização portuguesa até os dias de hoje. Em seguida relatamos a evolução dos meios de comunicação naquele país africano, dos jornais à Internet, com maior ênfase na TPA. Os capítulos seguintes relatam características de programação, capacitação profissional e relações com a sociedade da TV pública angolana. A conclusão estabelece um paralelo entre a TV de Angola e outros modelos de TV pública.<br>This dissertation analyses the TPA TV Pública de Angola Public Television of Angola, building a parallel with different standards of public TV in Brasil, Germany, United States of America and England. To arrive at the main object of the research, the text starts with a research abour Angolass history, since before Portuguese domination until nowadays. Just after that, we present a evolution of Angolas mass communication midia, from newspapers to Internet, given more emphasis on TPA. The following chapters explain about program board, crews professional capacitation and relationship with Angolass society. The conclusion make a parallel betwen the TPA and different standards of public TV around the world.
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Croese, Sylvia. "Post-war state-led development at work in Angola : the Zango housing project in Luanda as a case study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85764.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation is a case study of the Zango social housing project in Luanda, the capital of
the southern African state of Angola. Through an examination of the Zango project, which
was born on the cusp of peace after nearly 30 years of civil war in 2002, I provide insight into
the nature, workings and possible outcomes of post-war state-led development in Angola
under non-democratic conditions.
I do so by analyzing how the Angolan state ‘sees’ and does development, as well as how this
development works. Empirically, this thesis argues that post-war state-led development is
controlled by the Angolan presidency and financed and managed through extra-governmental
arrangements. This both enables as well as limits state-led development as it allows for the
maintenance of a gap between a ‘parallel’ and the formal state of Angola. In this process,
local governments and citizens are largely side-lined as development actors. Yet, through an
analysis of local governance and housing allocation arrangements in Zango, I show that the
formal Angolan state is no empty shell and that its officials and those they engage with may
operate in ways that take ownership of development directed from above.
Theoretically, this thesis then argues for a research approach to the African state and state-led
development that is empirically grounded.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis is ‘n gevallestudie van die Zango sosiale behuisingsprojek in Luanda, die
hoofstad van die Suider-Afrikaanse staat van Angola. Ek poog om insig te gee in die aard,
aktiwiteite en moontlike resultate van na-oologse staatsgeïnisieerde ontwikkeling in Angola
onder nie-demokratiese toestande deur ‘n ontleding van die behuisingsprojek wat in 2002,
met die aanbreek van vrede na die 30 jaar burgeroorlog, aangevang het.
Dit word gedoen deur ‘n analise van hoe die Angolese staat ontwikkeling ‘sien’ en
onderneem, sowel as hoe ontwikkeling ontplooi. Hierdie tesis redeneer dat empiries
staatsgeleide ontwikkeling na die oorlog beheer word deur die Angolese Presidensie en
gefinansieer en bestuur word deur buite-staatsinstellings. Dit fasiliteer sowel as beperk
ontwikkeling omdat dit ‘n gaping tussen ‘n ‘parallele’ en die formele Angolese staat
handhaaf. Hierdie proses sluit beide plaaslike regering en burgers grootliks as
ontwikkelingsakteurs uit. Deur middel van ‘n ontleding van die plaaslike bestuur en die
toekenning van wooneenhede in Zango, toon ek aan dat die formele staat tog nie ‘n lëe dop is
nie en dat amptenare en ander betrokkenes eienaarskap van ontwikkeling gerig van bo kan
neem.
Dus, teoreties, word aanspraak gemaak vir ‘n benadering tot die staat en staatsgeïnisieerde
ontwikkeling in Afrika wat empiries gefundeer is.
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Bumba, António Maria. "Políticas curriculares em Angola (2001 - 2015): o público e o privado." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20262.
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Previous issue date: 2017-07-27<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>This dissertation aims to investigate, analyze and unveil political, ideological, social and educational assumptions that support the curriculum policy of the educational system in Angola. There is a growing and promising advance in the study of educational policies. However, the study of curricular policies, an essential object of educational policy, which governs and regulates the curricular minimums of education, establishing the rules of the game in the curricular system, remains scarce, practically nonexistent. Considering the state of the object, the problem and the objectives of the research, an exploratory approach methodological, of qualitative approach methodology was adopted. In combination with this approach, a bibliographical and documentary research was carried out, making use of and analysis of bibliographies and official documents produced by the special institutions of the Angolan State and others. As we felt the need to deepen the information about the object, we used the interview, as a subsidiary technique of data collection, with the technicians and managers of the Ministry of Education of Angola. Thus, it was possible to construct a productive dialogue with theoretical references used. In view of the (ongoing) state restructuring process, the change of political and economic system, that is, the transition from the Angolan State from the socialist to capitalist, single party (MPLA) system to a multiparty democracy, and a Socialist economy for the market economy - changes that inexorably require the reconfiguration of educational policies -, the new context leads us to reflect on a fundamental question, guiding the research: what assumptions guide and justify the general education curriculum policy in Angola? The results of the research show, therefore, that the assumptions that guide curriculum policy aim above all at the alignment of education and the educational curriculum with the market demand and the development of the capitalist system<br>Esta dissertação de Mestrado, tem como objetivo geral investigar, analisar e desvelar pressupostos políticos, ideológicos, sociais e educacionais que sustentam a política de currículo do sistema educacional de Angola. Há, hoje no país, um avanço, e cada vez mais promissor, no estudo de políticas educacionais. Todavia, o estudo de políticas curriculares, objeto essencial da política educativa, que governa e regulamenta os mínimos curriculares da educação, estabelecendo as regras do jogo no sistema curricular, permanece em escassa exploração, praticamente inexistente. Dado o estado do objeto, o problema e os objetivos da pesquisa, adotou-se uma metodologia de abordagem exploratória, de cunho metodológico qualitativo. Em combinação com estas abordagens, para dar conta do proposto, empregou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, fazendo uso e análise de bibliografias e de documentos oficiais, produzidos pelas instituições especiais do Estado Angolano e outras. Sentida a necessidade de aprofundar as informações sobre o objeto, recorremos à entrevista, como técnica subsidiária de coleta de dados, junto aos técnicos e gestores do Ministério da Educação de Angola. Assim, foi possível construir um dialoga produtivo com referenciais teóricos utilizados. Tendo em vista o processo (em curso) de reestruturação do Estado, a mudança do sistema político e econômico, isto é, a transição do Estado Angolano do sistema socialista para capitalista, do partido único (MPLA) para uma democracia pluripartidária, e de uma economia socialista para economia de mercado – mudanças que exigem, inexoravelmente, a reconfiguração de políticas educacionais –, o novo contexto remete-nos a refletir sobre uma questão fundamental, norteadora da pesquisa: quais pressupostos norteiam e justificam a política curricular da Educação Geral em Angola? Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam, portanto, que os pressupostos que norteiam a política de currículo visam, acima de tudo, à conformação da educação e o currículo à demanda do mercado e do desenvolvimento do sistema capitalista
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Oliveira, Ariel Rolim 1986. "Angola em guerras : Jonas Savimbi e as linguagens da nação." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279137.
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Previous issue date: 2013<br>Resumo: O líder político Jonas Savimbi ocupou uma posição privilegiada de observação dos entrecruzamentos das linguagens segundo as quais se lutou a guerra em Angola. O nexo entre as esferas global e local do conflito, incluindo aí seus diferentes códigos de reportagem, pode ser apreendido a partir da análise das lideranças - entendidas aqui, não como indivíduos, mas como catalisadores de "comunidades imaginadas". Atento ao plano das estratégias dos agentes que, mesmo se relacionando a referências discursivas inconciliáveis e irredutíveis umas às outras, na prática, conformaram uma rede de inimizades produtiva - e aí surge uma dimensão completamente desvinculada dos modelos e discursos. A questão que coloco aqui é em que medida a noção de "inimigo" como categoria de alteridade no plano das relações práticas, entrevista nos discursos de Savimbi, pode nos ajudar a compreender o cenário de disparidades e a multiplicidade de formas de conflito que o caso angolano comporta. Volto-me aos códigos mobilizados por cada um dos contendores na significação da luta como condição para que, fugindo dos preceitos dos modelos a que cada um se reporta nesse processo, possamos ver a guerra como uma arena de interações onde os atores se comunicam ou, ao menos, se reconhecem (no duplo sentido do termo) para melhor lutar. Sigo a hipótese de que a guerra tenha sido uma rede prática de trocas violentas (jamais simétricas) não só de projéteis, mas também de nomes e códigos entre os contendores que iriam moldar de forma decisiva o imaginário nacional angolano - um país cujas fronteiras mais ou menos arbitrárias haviam sido herança direta do colonialismo português. Nesse sentido, cada umas das partes em disputa necessitavam criar um discurso nacional unificador - concorrente ao rival. Os beligerantes mantinham uma esfera de aliança tácita, mas não expressa, em torno da construção e manutenção da plausibilidade nacional<br>Abstract: The political leader Jonas Savimbi has occupied a privileged observing position of the language crossings according to which the war in Angola was fought. The nexus between global and local dimensions of this conflict (the different codes of report there included), can be apprehended from the analysis of the leaders - understood, here, not as individuals, but as catalyzers of "imagined communities". I focus on the plan of the agents' strategies that, even if in relation to irreconcilable references of discourse to one another, in practice, comprehend a productive net of enmity. Therefore a dimension completely detached from models rises. The question I pose here is: in which measure the notion of "enemy" as a category of alterity on the plan of practical relations - glimpsed in the speeches of Savimbi - can help us to understand the set of disparities and multiplicity of ways of conflict that the Angolan case bears? I turn myself to the codes mobilized by each of the contenders to ascribe meaning to the fight as a condition - escaping the tenets of the models to which each one reports in this process - for us to see the war as an arena of interaction where de actors communicate or, at least, acknowledge (in the double meaning of the term) themselves to better fight. I follow the hypothesis that the war has been a practical net of violent (and never symmetrical) exchange not only of bullets, but also of names and codes between contenders who would engrave the imagery of Angola in a decisive way - a country which its more or less arbitrary borders had been a direct heritage from the Portuguese colonialism. In this sense, each part in the dispute needed to create a rival national unifying discourse. The belligerents kept a level of tacit alliance, though not expressed, around the construction e maintenance of national plausibility<br>Mestrado<br>Antropologia Social<br>Mestre em Antropologia Social
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André, Inocente Coronel Muendo. "Desafios para o ensino primário em Angola a partir do depoimento de professores da rede pública." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20407.
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Previous issue date: 2017-09-11<br>Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>This research intends to identify this research intends to identify the positive and negative aspects of the reality of primary schools Angola was the semi-structured interview technique of gathering information; characterization of respondents, where were placed the subject of research and its delimitations judiciously, followed by the analysis of the content, with the elaboration of categories of information that has been collected. After the analysis of the interviews, research has shown that primary education in Angola still faces great difficulties even though it was installed the educational reform. The teachers ' reports show many difficulties and challenges to be overcome since the own infrastructure, teaching materials and even the policies directed to the question of the training of a qualified teaching to meet the demand of primary school students and the curriculum that guides the elementary school. Many teachers have not yet assimilated the issue of Monodecency for lack of preparation. It is the responsibility of the Ministry of education, together with the Government review and make new diagnoses in order to combat such weaknesses that primary education faces and hear these teachers about the reality experienced in the day-to-day activities of teachers, in order to map goals that allow a quality education to all education in Angola<br>Esta pesquisa pretende identificar os aspectos positivos e negativos da realidade das escolas do ensino primário Angola. Foi utilizada entrevista semiestruturada como técnica de coleta de informações e realizada caracterização dos entrevistados, onde foram colocados os sujeitos de pesquisa e suas delimitações de forma criteriosa. Seguiu-se análise do conteúdo, com a elaboração das categorias das informações que foram coletadas. Após a análise das entrevistas, a pesquisa mostrou que o ensino primário em Angola ainda enfrenta grandes dificuldades mesmo tendo sido instalado a reforma educativa. Os relatos dos professores mostram muitas dificuldades e desafios a serem superados desde a própria infraestrutura, materiais didáticos e até as políticas voltadas para a questão da formação de um quadro docente qualificado para atender a demanda dos alunos do ensino primário e o próprio currículo que norteia o ensino primário. Muitos professores ainda não assimilaram a questão da monodocência por falta de preparo. Cabe ao Ministério da Educação, juntamente com o Governo reverem e fazerem novos diagnósticos de modo a combater tais debilidades que o ensino primário enfrenta e ouvir esses professores sobre a realidade vivenciada no dia a dia das suas atividades docentes, a fim de traçarem metas que possam permitir uma educação de qualidade para todo o ensino em Angola
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Pinheiro, Tiago Grégoire de Souza. "A internacionalização de empresas brasileiras para Angola: desafios e oportunidades." Associação Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing, 2016. http://tede2.espm.br/handle/tede/41.
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Previous issue date: 2016-02-12<br>The aim of this work is to analyze the internationalization of Brazilian companies in Angola. Despite the difficulties, there are numerous opportunities for Brazilian companies. This study was based on the theories of institutional gaps, specific advantages of the firm (FSA) and specific advantages of the country of origin (CSA), and the state's role in the internationalization of companies. The study sample consisted of interviews with 12 experts from Brazil-Angola relations. Research results indicate that the Brazilian companies to Angola to have well-defined competitive advantage and, in most cases, go to the African country aimed at exploring the local institutional gaps. However, the perception of the actors involved, Brazilian companies are going to explore institutional gaps, taking advantage of their competitive advantages, they are not supported efficiently by the Brazilian state. Thus, lack a state policy that prioritizes these companies. The findings also indicate that to succeed in business in Angola, it is essential to build partnerships with local actors such as entrepreneurs and especially the government. In this context, a strategic roadmap is suggested to assist Brazilian companies operating in the African country.<br>O objetivo desta dissertação consiste em analisar a internacionalização de empresas brasileiras para Angola. Apesar das dificuldades, há inúmeras oportunidades para as empresas brasileiras. Este estudo teve como base as teorias de vazios institucionais, vantagens específicas da firma (FSA) e vantagens específicas do país de origem (CSA), além do papel do Estado na internacionalização de empresas. A amostra do estudo foi composta de entrevistas com 12 especialistas das relações Brasil-Angola. Os resultados da investigação apontam que as empresas brasileiras que vão para Angola possuem vantagens competitivas bem definidas e, em sua maioria, vão para o país africano visando explorar os vazios institucionais locais. Porém, na percepção dos atores envolvidos, as empresas brasileiras que estão indo explorar vazios institucionais, se valendo das suas vantagens competitivas, não estão sendo apoiadas eficientemente pelo Estado brasileiro. Assim, falta uma política de Estado que priorize essas empresas. Os achados também indicam que, para ter sucesso nos negócios em Angola, é fundamental construir parcerias com agentes locais como empresários e, sobretudo, o governo. Nesse contexto, é sugerido um roteiro estratégico para auxiliar os empresários brasileiros a operar no país africano.
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Nangacovie, Emiliana Margareth Morais. "Políticas públicas e direito humano à habitação em Angola no pós-guerra." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4387.
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Previous issue date: 2013-03-25<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>The current research is a proposal to analyze the human rigtht of hausing in Angola 27
years after civil war. This study looking for new exam of migrations moviments in urban
area, government politics or territorial organisation and urbanization, and urban hause as
instruments for efectiviness of human rigthts of housing, through General Commitee of
United Nations for Economic, Social and Cultural rights coment number four. Angola is a
poor country wich is economic developing. After 27 years of war and 10 in peace, it came
the time for make a study about basic structures and life conditions for all Angolans.
Faceing the growth disorderly of the cities, including precarious zones, poverty, Young
democracy and economic growth, how to delineate the path of housing politic as a mead
of human right of condign dwelling? The public politics and hausing right introducing us
in the intrigate world of politics and to strict world of law, questioning the roll of the state
and the law in the realization of human needs. Following the deductive method, this
reseach beggin making a disticntion between public politics in a socialist system and in a
capitalist system. Explain though that the social state, constitucional state, endiing the
study with empirical search about two habitationals projects in Luanda.<br>Angola é um pais pobre em franco crescimento econômico. Depois de 27 anos de guerra e 10 anos de paz é o tempo utilizado para analisar a consolidação de estruturas e a criação de condições de vida para todos os angolanos. Perante o crescimento desordenado das cidades, a pobreza gritante, democracia jovem e crescimento próspero, como traçar o caminho da política habitacional como meio de realização de direito humano à habitação condigna em Angola? Assim, Politicas públicas e direito humano à habitação lança-nos para o intrigante mundo da política e para o mundo rigoroso do direito, na busca de respostas práticas. O presente trabalho permeia política e direito, questionando o papel do Estado e do Direito, na realização de necessidades humanas. O estudo das políticas públicas nas categorias capitalista e socialita, traz a rational school de Chicago, explorando a rational choice, policys makers, politic decisors tendando desvendar as public decisions. é revelador como o centralismo e o autoritarismo socialista tendam esquivar-se a um processo semelhante ao americano. É no cruzamento entre direito e política que se percebe que é ainda acentuada as debilidades dos vários sistemas na garantia efetiva dos direitos sociais. No entanto, é notável ligeiro avanço doutrinário e institucional na efetivação de direitos sociais, mas não exatamente do direito à habitação. Nascido internacionalmente no século XX, os desdobramentos históricos do direito humano à habitação, e não apenas de propriedade, iniciam nas revoluções industriais, mas entre a doutrina unitária e a geracional dos direitos humanos, o destacável está em trabalhar para a realização do direito à habitação através de políticas de urbanização como eixo do direito humano ao desenvolvimento
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Quitombe, Cecília José. "Parcerias entre Estado e Terceiro Setor em Angola: a Organização Não Governamental - ADRA - um estudo de caso." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17718.
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-23<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>The topic of this study is the third sector in the management of social programs in
partnership with the State . The objective of the study is to analyze the partnership
between the State and the third sector in the management of social programs in
Angola in the post-conflict context. Between 1975-2002, Angola faced a civil that to
some extent weakened the relationship between the State and the civil society. To
characterize the peace scenario and the changes that occurred during these years is
fundamental if it is taken into account the social problems that the country faces.
Thenon governmental organizations, on their turn, had to change their strategies of
intervention by adjusting it to the development phase. The study looked at ADRA, as
the case study, that enabled us to carry out the qualitative approach through an
archival and bibliographical research. The key concepts applied to study are
partnership, social programs, State, and communitarian development. It was learnt
that the partnership between the State and ADRA happen at different levels
depending on the administrative organization the State ( Municipalities, Provinces
and Central/National). Therefore, at each level, ADRA adapts itself and sets its
programs and projects, the partnerships and understands this partnerships as actions
aimed at complementing the actions of the State. For the third sector, the efficacy of
the partnership with the State demands a better adjustment of the principles of
participations and democracy in the country<br>O presente estudo tem como tema o terceiro setor na gestão de programas sociais
em parceria com o Estado . Tem como finalidade analisar as parcerias entre Estado
e o Terceiro Setor na gestão de programas sociais em Angola no pós-conflito
armado. O período de 1975 a 2002, Angola viveu uma guerra civil, que de certo
modo enfraqueceu as relações entre o Estado e a sociedade civil. Caracterizar o
cenário de paz e as mudanças ocorridas durante esses anos é fundamental tendo
em conta, os problemas sociais que o país apresenta. As organizações não
governamentais por seu turno tiveram que mudar as suas estratégias de intervenção
assistencialistas, adequando-se a fase do desenvolvimento. O estudo foi conduzido
por um estudo de caso da ADRA, que possibilitou a abordagem qualitativa através
da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Conceitos teóricos como parcerias,
programas sociais, Estado, desenvolvimento comunitário estiveram presentes
durante a investigação. Constata-se que as parcerias entre o Estado e ADRA, dãose
através de níveis, ou seja, conforme a organização administrativa do Estado,
(Municipal, provincial e Central/Nacional). Portanto, em cada nível de atuação, a
ADRA adapta-se e recria seus programas e ou projetos, as parcerias são entendidas
pela ADRA como ações que visam à complementaridade das ações do Estado. Para
o terceiro setor a eficiência das parcerias com Estado demanda uma melhor
adequação dos princípios de participação e democracia no país
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Lima, Vaz de Carvalho Pinheiro Moreira Juliana. "La fabrique sociale et politique de la paix : la reconversion autoritaire du régime angolais dans le post-guerre." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D066.
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Cette thèse analyse les processus socio-politiques ordinaires qui régissent à la fois les « temps de guerre » et les « temps de paix ». Nous faisons l’hypothèse que dans les États marqués par un conflit de longue durée, celui-ci structure de manière durable les formes et les rapports de domination, cristallisant des habitus sociaux et politiques, et que l’arrivée de la paix, parce qu’elle bouleverse l’ordre politique institué, inaugure une période de fluidité politique, caractéristique des processus de transition. Interrogeant ce que la guerre et la paix font à l’ordre social et politique dans le cadre du processus de formation de l’État angolais nous montrons cependant que ce fut la préservation du statu quo du régime angolais après l’arrivée de la paix qui a permis d’éviter une éventuelle crise politique. Explorant l’hypothèse de la reconversion autoritaire du régime de José Eduardo dos Santos nous montrons que le renouvellement des pratiques de domination des formes d’exercice du pouvoir du temps de la guerre en temps de paix est à la base des processus de légitimation de son hégémonie politique et de l’extension de celle-ci sur l’ensemble du territoire angolais, pour la première fois intégralement sur contrôle du régime. In fine, nous montrons que l’articulation entre imaginaires de paix et politiques de sortie de conflit du régime angolais contribue à la fabrication de la paix et de la stabilité politique<br>This thesis analyzes the ordinary socio-political processes that govern both "war " and "peace” times. Our hypothesis is that in long-term conflict consolidates a pattern of relations of domination, crystallizing social and political habitus. Because the arrival of peace upsets the established political order, it inaugurates a period of political fluidity characteristic of transitional processes. We question what war and peace did/do to the social and political order in post-colonial Angola and articulate it with the process of State formation. We show that it was the preservation of the status quo of the Angolan regime after the end of a 27 years civil war that prevented a possible political crisis. By exploring the hypothesis of the authoritarian reconversion of the regime of José Eduardo dos Santos, we show that the renewal of the pattern of political practices of social domination from times of war in times of peace, and we demonstrate how it legitimizes the persistence of the regime political hegemony and its extension throughout the Angolan territory, for the first time fully under its control. Beyond that, we argue that the articulation between social imaginaries peace and the Angolan regime’s post-conflict policies contributed to manufacture consent, and thus, to the creation of peace and political stability
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Lofton-Bagert, Celeste. "Legal Exoneration: A Case Study through the Life History of John Thompson." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1138.
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The term "exonerated"‖refers to a legal acquittal of a former conviction due to the introduction of new evidence. Since 1989, the number of legal xonerations has increased dramatically due to DNA and other new evidentiary technologies that can demonstrate innocence of formally convicted persons. This research focuses on the lived experience of exoneration and its aftermath through a life history of John Thompson (JT), a New Orleans native, convicted of murder and sentenced to death in 1985. In 2003, after eighteen years in Angola, the Louisiana State Penitentiary, fourteen on death row, JT was exonerated. Exoneration theoretically removes the official stigma of conviction and restores full civil rights on former prisoners such as JT. Yet ―exonerees‖ face all the social, political, and personal problems that characterize the post-release experience of convicted felons. JT‘s experience is an important case of exonerees‘ quest for the restoration of standing, justice and compensation.
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Mendes, Andrea 1968. "Vestidos de realeza = contribuições centro-africanas no Candomblé de Joãozinho da Goméia (1937-1967)." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281442.
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Orientador: Robert Wayne Andrew Slenes<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T20:31:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2012<br>Resumo: O Candomblé é uma religião cujos sentidos, ações rituais e cosmologia possuem vínculos com várias tradições religiosas do oeste e centro da África, e divide-se em subgrupos que se autodenominam nações: Ketu (ou Nagô), Jeje e Angola, entre outras. Os estudos sobre essa religiosidade privilegiaram, desde o seu início, o culto de origem nagô, que acabou sendo tomada como modelo ideal, em detrimento das outras, estabelecendo um importante paradigma que viria influenciar decisivamente os estudos afro-brasileiros, desde a transição do século XIX para o XX. Somente a partir da década de 1970, com o surgimento de novos estudos africanistas, foi possível traçar novos argumentos para analisar a presença africana nas Américas, e estabelecer bases para a discussão sobre um diálogo possível entre centro-africanos e africanos ocidentais na formação do candomblé. Joãozinho da Goméia (1914-1971) foi um pai de santo do Candomblé Angola, que iniciou sua trajetória na Bahia e se deslocou para Caxias, na Baixada Fluminense, na década de 1940. Personagem controvertido em sua época pelas constantes aparições na mídia, Joãozinho teve uma grande fotorreportagem veiculada pela revista o Cruzeiro, em 1966, que retratou as vestimentas das divindades cultuadas em seu candomblé, em um conjunto de 26 fotografias, além da capa da edição. O recorte temporal, que privilegia o período compreendido entre 1937-1966, diz respeito às primeiras aparições de Joãozinho na imprensa, até a veiculação da fotorreportagem em O Cruzeiro. Esse trabalho se propõe a analisar, a partir das imagens veiculadas em O Cruzeiro, as contribuições da presença centro-africana na formação de uma religiosidade negra no Brasil, lançando mão do uso complementar de fontes de diversas naturezas, como periódicos, imprensa, relatos de missionários e etnografias, para permitir uma análise mais aprofundada do tema abordado<br>Abstract: Candomblé is a religion whose meanings, ritual actions and cosmology are linked to various religious traditions from West and Central Africa. Its practitioners are divided into subgroups that call themselves nations: Ketu (or nagô), Jeje and Angola, among others. The studies about this religion gave priority, since their inception, to the cult that had a nagô (yoruba) origin, which, because of this, became the ideal model, to the detriment of the others. In this way an important paradigm was created, which would decisively influence Afro-Brazilian studies from the end of the 19th to well into the 20th century. It was only from the 1970s, with the renovation of studies on Africa, that it became possible to elaborate new arguments for analyzing the African presence in the Americas and for thinking about a possible dialogue between Central and West Africans in the formation of Candomblé. Joãozinho da Goméia (1914-1971) was a priest (pai de santo) from Candomblé-Angola, who began his career in Bahia and moved to Caxias, in the Baixada Fluminense, in the 1940s. A controversial figure in his time because of constant appearances in the media, Joãozinho was featured in a widely divulged piece of photo journalism that appeared in O Cruzeiro magazine in 1967, portraying the vestments of the divinities cultivated in his candomblé in a set of 26 pictures, plus the image on the issue?s cover. The temporal limits of the study, which focuses largely on the period from 1937 to 1966, are defined by Joãozinho?s first appearances in the press and by the making of the photo report for O Cruzeiro. The aim is to explore the images that appeared in O Cruzeiro in order to analyze the contributions of Central Africans to the formation of black religiosity in Brazil. The thesis uses complementary sources of different natures, such as periodicals, newspapers, missionary reports and ethnographies, to provide a deeper analysis of the question studied<br>Mestrado<br>Historia Social<br>Mestre em História
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Solli, Audun. "Theorising African states : the case of Angola from a critical theory perspective." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2855.
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Thesis (MA (Political Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.<br>This thesis is a theoretical contribution to the debate about statehood in Sub-Saharan Africa.
My primary aims have been to interrogate the use of the state concept on the continent, and to
open up new theoretical avenues to analyse the state. My starting point has been that the state
is a key to solving socio-economic challenges. Yet the social theory that purports to make
sense of the state in Africa is poor. Mainstream scholars use prefixes such as ‘failed’, ‘weak’
and ‘quasi’ to make sense of existing African states. If they call for such labels, it is only
because an unhelpful ideal type based on the ‘modern’ European state is postulated. Such
scholarship is limited to theorising the distance between the ideal type and real states. This
approach gives a functionalist account of the state’s relationship with society and economy,
but fails to explain the state as a historical product and expression of the distribution of power
between social groups. As an alternative way to theorise states, I propose a synthesis between
Robert W. Cox and Mahmood Mamdani. Combining Mamdani’s and Cox’s theoretical
frameworks avoids the problems that arise when Eurocentric International Relations (IR)
theories are applied to an African context. The synthesis adds to both frameworks by
addressing a shortcoming in Cox by paying more attention to power struggles in the
periphery, and redresses the exclusive focus on Africa in Mamdani. Adding Cox to Mamdani
contextualises Mamdani’s African state in space as well as time, whereas adding Mamdani to
Cox shows how African states respond to outside pressures and in the process (re)constitute
the world order by adding an inside-out pressure.
I use a single case study of the Angolan state to illustrate how a Coxian / Mamdanian
synthesis contributes to the debate. This theoretical framework turns the attention to four
aspects. First, there is a close historical link between the economic structure and the form of
the state in the country, from the slave trade to today’s political economy of oil. Second, I
look at the attempts of the Angolan state elite to legitimise its own power. I posit that in the
context of social destitution and poverty, strategies to sustain consent based rule assumes
particular importance. Third, the Angolan state is an expression of internal powers struggles
between social groups in the country. The contemporary balance of power is volatile: recent
economic growth has the potential of unsettling old power structures, as the relative balance
of who has access to economic power changes. Lastly, the world order supports the current
structure of power in Angola, largely thanks to the political economy of oil. Oil gives the
Angolan regime ample economic resources, as well as crucial support from oil companies and
the states that import the oil. This foreign support underwrites the regime and constitutes an
important element in its support base
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Harvey, Ross. "Two petro-states diverge: explaining the institutional evolution of Nigeria and Angola." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31243.
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It is well-established that oil wealth in weakly institutionalised states tends to undermine development instead of catalysing it. Cross-country regressions, however, struggle to explain why comparably oil-wealthy countries such as Nigeria and Angola experience different political and economic outcomes over time. This thesis explains these differing outcomes through a theoretical lens derived from the New Institutional Economics and Political Settlements literature. Methodologically, it employs analytic narrative - the application of a game theoretic model to a historical puzzle to produce a thin explanation - and treats economic transactions as the key unit of analysis for understanding why particular outcomes obtain and not others. As a comparable site of analysis, I select the oil-for-infrastructure deals that were negotiated in Angola and Nigeria with Asian National Oil Companies between 2004 and 2007. Contrary to expectation, the deals were struck in Angola but failed in Nigeria. I hypothesise that the differential outcome reflects the varying quality of the institutional arrangements in each country for engaging foreign investors. This differential institutional quality resulted in differing commitment credibility over time, which partly accounts for deal failure in Nigeria. Divergent political economy trajectories and political settlements account for these differences. I use a game theory model that explains heterogeneity within authoritarian regimes to test these hypotheses. Application of the model to Angola and Nigeria respectively shows that Angolan dictator, José Eduardo dos Santos, was able to consolidate power within six years of becoming the head of state by successfully eliminating potential threats to his dictatorial ambitions. Under this closed, stable regime, foreign investors perceived greater levels of commitment credibility and struck deals. Nigeria’s uneven institutional evolution towards greater openness was punctuated by multiple successful coups and occasional civilian rule between long periods of military autocracy. The resultant instability undermined the perception of credibility, explaining why the deals failed. The thesis closes with a description of how Nigeria and Angola’s political economies have evolved since the oil-price crash of 2014, including how dos Santos unexpectedly lost power, and poses questions for future research.
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Farthing, Matthew William. "Early stage ichthyofauna from shallow water habitats of the Angola-Benguela frontal zone." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/50442.
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Early stage fishes (larvae and early juveniles) were collected from an array of shallow water (±1.5m) habitats on the warm-temperate southern Angolan coastline between June 2014 and June 2015. This study, the first assessment of the early stages of coastal fishes in Angola, provides important new understanding of non-estuarine shallow water nursery habitat use by coastal fishes from the region. In total, 51 species from 18 teleost families were observed. The exposed surf zone was dominated by postflexion larvae, while the moderately exposed beach and sheltered bay were dominated by early juveniles. Both fish density and diversity peaked in the wet season (Feb – Apr 2015) for all habitats, attributed to the influx of summer spawning species. Diplodus sargus dominated catches from the exposed surf zone, and the timing of observations supports the growing consensus that sparid spawning is dictated by temperature, not season. The similitude of the observed species to those observed in warm temperate South Africa highlights the historical connection of the warm-temperate study area with warm-temperate South Africa, prior to the formation of the Benguela Current as a vicariant barrier. The classification of the study assemblage into established estuarine utilization categories showed that the surf zone hosted more exclusively marine species than comparable surf zones in South Africa, attributed to the absence of estuaries in southern Angola. However, the observation of the marine estuarine dependent Mugil cephalus in this study area devoid of estuaries suggests that estuarine dependency may be regionally specific for some taxa. It appears that the warm, sheltered, nutrient rich waters of Tombua Bay provide typically estuarine associated taxa with a suitable alternative, non-estuarine nursery habitat. This study provides evidence that the importance of estuaries as critical nursery habitats has been overemphasized for some warm-temperate coastal fishes. However, the absence of other marine estuarine dependent species from the study area suggests that some warm-temperate taxa do intrinsically rely on estuarine function for survival.
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Crockford, Charles. "New methodologies in solid state NMR." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289481.
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Anderson, Emily. "States of extraction : impacts of taxation on statebuilding in Angola and Mozambique, 1975-2013." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3071/.
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This PhD investigates the impacts of taxation on state capacity and accountability through comparative case studies of Angola and Mozambique between 1975 and 2013. Extremes of violence and economic dependency dominate the postcolonial histories of Angola and Mozambique. These cases provide an ideal setting for comparative analysis of how civil war and single resource dependence influence the links between taxation and statebuilding. The thesis demonstrates, in contrast to bellicist notions, that civil war did not strengthen the tax systems or create stronger states. Rather, transitions from the colonial capitalist regimes to socialism and then towards market capitalism, as well as the availability of autonomous income sources, were the central drivers of change in extractive processes. The research establishes taxation as both a critical explanation for development trajectories and a reflection of state capacity and accountability. Existing research on taxation and statebuilding in contemporary developing countries tends to treat tax as a catalyst for democracy, but I find that it provides political regimes with an equally powerful tool to expand power through neopatrimonial networks and consolidate control over the state. Analysis of the case studies concludes that, driven by extraverted elite accumulation strategies, vast oil resources in Angola and large-scale foreign aid in Mozambique worked similarly to disconnect state finances from society and undermine the potential links between revenue collection and redistribution, thereby reducing the possibility of enhanced state capacity or accountability.
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Benedict, Brendan C. "'Better Angels': Tea Partisanship in the New Hampshire State Legislature." Thesis, Boston College, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2639.
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Thesis advisor: Shep Melnick<br>While the Tea Party’s rise in 2009 prompted enormous media attention and subsequent academic inquiry, scholarship that investigates Tea Party ideology is scant. While not a social movement in the traditional sense, the Tea Party had an undeniable influence on the 2010 midterms, especially at the state level. This paper features New Hampshire, a perennial swing state and home to one of the largest legislative shifts to Republican control in recent memory. By exploring four broad issue areas, Constitutionalism, the economy, social issues, and race, the project seeks a clearer understanding of what Tea Partiers believe and what their sympathetic state legislators espouse. The first level of analysis uses opinion polling to demonstrate that while those respondents who back the Tea Party have conservative views on perceptual questions, a plurality agree with most Americans on specific policy positions. The second level of analysis compares opinion poll responses to interviews of New Hampshire state legislators, finding that the latter group is much more rigidly conservative on tangible policies, but lacks Tea Party voters’ distinctive fears of a changing America<br>Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2012<br>Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Political Science Honors Program<br>Discipline: College Honors Program<br>Discipline: Political Science
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Sein, Julien. "Dynamics of crystalline proteins by Solid-State NMR." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENSL0531.
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La Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire (RMN) à l'état solide permet d'étudier la structure et la dynamique d'échantillons protéiques. En premier lieu nous expliquons les mécanismes entrant en jeu lors d'une expérience INADEQUATE (Incredible Natural Abundance Double Quantum Transfer Experiement) refocalisée à 3 spins. Nous proposons une méthode basée sur des filtres z permettant d'éliminer les cohérences à zéro quanta afin d'obtenir des spectres purement en phase. Puis, nous utilisons l'expérience SPECIFIC CP (SPEctrally Induced FILtrering in Combination with Cross polarization) sélective, qui combinée à la rotation ultra-rapide à l'angle magique et à des puissances faibles pour les étapes de CP nous permet d'acquérir des spectres haute résolution d'échantillons microcristallins des protéines SOD et GB1. Dans une deuxième partie, nous développons le modèle théorique de diffusion dans un cône pour la liaison NH afin de déterminer quantitativement les paramètres d'amplitude et de temps du mouvement de ce mouvement par relaxation. Dans une troisième partie, nous mesurons la dynamique dans régime temporel intermédiaire étudiés grâce à la mesure de couplages dipolaires résiduels. Enfin, l'hypothèse de mouvements corrélés est explorée, et la contribution éventuelle de tels mouvements à la relaxation nucléaires est simulée. Grâceà des comparaisons avec les modèles de mouvements issus de la cristallographie, des amplitudes de mouvements sont prédites, et différentes simulations montrent que la présence de ces mouvements aurait une contribution non négligeable sur les mesures de relaxation en solide<br>Solid-State Nuclear magnetic Resonance (SSNMR) requires advanced experimental methods for structural and dynamic investigations of proteins. In this thesis, first we describe the behavior of a three-spin system during the refocused INADEQUATE (Incredible Natural Abundance Double Quantum Transfer Experiment) experiment and propose a method that leads to pure in-phase spectra, with the help of z-filters. We also demonstrate a method for achieveing high-resolution heteronuclear correlations of microcrystalline samples by employing the band-selective 1H-13C SPECIFIC CP (SPEctrally Induced FILtrering in Combination with Cross-Polarization), and taking advantage of ultraé-fast (>60 kHz) Magic-Angle Spinning (MAS) and low Cross-Polarization (CP). Moreover, site-specific longitudinal relaxation is used as a direct probe of local dynamics. We present a theoretical model to describe the contribution of the 15N-1H dipolar interactions and the 15N CSA to the spin-lattice relaxation. We estimate quantitatively local dynamics from longitudinal relaxation measurement. The influence of MAS rate on the longitudinal relaxation is investigated on a model protein. Crh. In a third part, we analyze intermediate timescale measurement by comparison between relaxation and residual dipolar coupling studies. Finally, contribution of anisotropic collective motions (ACM) to spin-lattice relaxation in the crystal is investigated with a newly developed model. Simulations show that ACM can contribute significantly to longitudinal relaxation and that the development of a new model combining local and collective motions in microcrystalline proteins is needed
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McVety, Amanda Kay. "Bishop Madison and the Guardian Angels of Science." W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626369.
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Xiao, Yaqiong [Verfasser], Angela D. [Akademischer Betreuer] Friederici, Angela D. [Gutachter] Friederici, Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Brauer, and Christian [Gutachter] Fiebach. "Resting-state functional connectivity in the brain and its relation to language development in preschool children / Yaqiong Xiao ; Gutachter: Angela D. Friederici, Christian Fiebach ; Angela D. Friederici, Jens Brauer." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1240696809/34.
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Greentree, Todd. "The origins of the Reagan Doctrine Wars in Angola, Central America, and Afghanistan." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:54550ee8-e24b-4274-83d8-e9643c1f1aba.
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This diplomatic and military history offers a new interpretation of the origins of the three fighting fronts during the final phase of the Cold War in Angola, Central America, and Afghanistan. Vaguely remembered today as proxy wars on the periphery, in fact, these were protracted revolutionary civil wars and regional contests for the balance of power in which millions died, while at the same time they were central to global superpower confrontation. Analysis focuses on the strategy and policy of the United States. The chronology from 1975 to 1982 covers the Ford administration's covert action intervention in the Angolan Civil War, which came to grief at the hands of Cuban troops; Jimmy Carter's effort to conduct foreign policy based on principles, which ran foul of power considerations in Angola, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Afghanistan; and Ronald Reagan's embrace of these wars early in his first term as part of the revival of U.S. strength in its competition with the Soviet Union. The principal argument is that, while generally undervalued as controversial small wars of dubious significance, these wars were in fact integral to U.S. experience of limited war during the Cold War following victory in World War II. In strategic terms, the main conclusion is that the U.S. restricted itself to conducting economy of force contingency operations in Angola, Central America, and Afghanistan as a result of its costly struggles in Korea and Vietnam. Despite declaring these peripheral wars to be central to the Cold War, avoiding the costs of involving U.S forces directly in Third World conflicts and minimizing the risks of escalation with the Soviet Union were overriding political and military imperatives.
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Friebel, Stefan. "Applications of solid-state NMR spectroscopy to a reactively processed polyether-polyamide block copolymer." Thesis, Durham University, 1995. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5430/.
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Solid-state NMR has become a powerful tool for studies of structural and physical properties of polymers. This thesis investigates a technically produced block copolymer . by means of solid-state NMR. The properties which are of principal interest are the heterogeneity on various scales ranging from molecular (unit cell) to macroscopic (morphology), and molecular motion in solids. The important question of cross polarisation is addressed. Quantification of depolarisation experiments will bring some more insight into the origins of the polarisation transfer. Basically a model by Muller, Kumar and Ernst has been used to describe the polarisation transfer. Novel results are reported in this area spin-lattice relaxation measurements, both in the laboratory and on-resonance rotating frames of resonance are applied to the block copolymer. An attempt is made to address the relation of the observed relaxation times and the macroscopic properties. The behaviour of the observed and the intrinsic properties of the various regions of the heterogeneous system in the presence of spin diffusion is investigated. The system is simulated by a computer model, which allows quantification of the dimensions of the different regions. Comparison with small-angle X-ray diffraction measurements illustrates the accuracy of this new powerful technique.
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Makomaski, Kristofer, and Mikael Johansson. "Venture Capital -The Current State of the Swedish Market." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124336.
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Under de senaste åren har risk kapitalmarknaderna stått inför flera signifikanta problem. Den svenska VC industrin har minskat med över 60 % sedan Dotcom-kraschen. Antalet aktiva VC- företag har minskat i antal från 100-200 till endast 5-10 större VC-företag. Jämför man dagens marknad med hur den såg ut innan Dotcom-kraschen, så fanns det betydligt fler aktiva företag inom den svenska VC-industrin. Nya finansieringsformer har trätt in på marknaden som bland annat Evergreen fonder och crowd-funding. Den svenska VC-industrin har kännetecknats av en "rensning" av marknaden var tionde år, och var femte år uppstår en mindre krasch på marknaden. De svenska riskkapitalaktörerna har tagit en högre risk än vad som faktiskt var motiverat. Syndikatinvesteringar görs för att undvika investerarnas enskilda risk. Detta fenomen kan illustreras genom de två lyckosamma Svenska investeringarna, Spotify och iZettle. Riskkapitalmarknaden har varit karakteriserad av legala hinder vilket skapat flera stora problem. Trots detta finns det positiva trender och förändringar som idag genomförs på marknaden. Dett kommer lyfts fram ytterligare i arbetet. Bland annat har det diskuterats att införa ett skatteavdrag vilket anses vara fördelaktigt för riskkapitalbolagen. Detta arbete fokuserar huvudsakligen på de olika finanseringsformerna och de olika marknadsaktörerna. Fokus ligger på utvecklingen av industrin och dess aktuella trender, men även på den kommande framtiden. Studien är baserad på intervjuer med marknadsaktörer och på befintlig forskning vilket ger en god insikt i den Svenska riskkapitalbranschen.
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Roque, Paula Cristina. "The rebel governance of the SPLM/A and UNITA : a comparative study on parallel states in Angola and South Sudan." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fd5a65aa-2dcf-4699-b714-15f4d0e11dbb.
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This is a study of rebel political orders and the degree of governance rebels can install in their liberated areas. It studies the ways in which force came to be transformed into authority under the rule of two military organisations fighting asymmetrical wars in highly divided societies. Wartime rebel states are by nature an exercise in control and power, in projecting authority and symbolism, in managing contradictions and shortcomings, but are also deeply revealing of the characteristics of rebel movements, their motivations, survival strategies and organisational capacity. This thesis on the rebel governance of União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola (UNITA) and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) is a study on how two very different reform rebel movements, fighting two of Africa's deadliest and recurrent civil wars, devised and designed institutions to govern civilian populations in the stable liberated areas of Jamba in Angola and Yambio in South Sudan. Existing governing strategies were reformed after both faced critical junctures that exposed the fragilities of their organisations, the insufficient coordination of structures and leadership, and the need to reformulate an ideology to rally widespread support across constituencies. Their parallel states emerged as a key pillar to survive and win their second liberations. The Free Lands of Angola embodied UNITA's centralised and totalitarian state project. The New Sudan embodied the SPLM/A's decentralized approach to governance and its pragmatism of local alliances. This comparison is structured around four internal agentic elements of these two movements: their leadership, ideology/political program, organisation and approach to civilians. This allows for mutually reinforcing explanations of what informed their parallel states and contextualizes strategies and motivations by exposing a 'rebel-system' as a theory of operation accounting for change and highlighting elements that powered the movements and their liberation struggles.
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Rescova, Joaquim Pedro Neto. "Le corps résistant du langage culturel Bantu : vers une compréhension des pratiques culturelles marginalisées de la société angolaise : le cas du mariage traditionnel Kongo." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG005/document.
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À l’ère de la globalisation, il est important de réfléchir sur les réalités qui font que cette globalisation puisse se réaliser. Dans l’étude des faits sociaux, le corps devient un des fondements de socialisation dans des sociétés dites traditionnelles, mais aussi dans des sociétés modernes. Le Mariage Traditionnel Bantu est une des pratiques sociales du corps qui, même aujourd’hui, résiste encore aux modèles imposés de l’intérieur et de l’extérieur de sa culture. Nous nous interrogeons constamment sur les raisons de cette résistance. Pour comprendre, nous avons privilégié l’observation participante de l’ensemble du trajet cérémonial donnant lieu à cette réalité chez les Kongo d’Angola, à travers une incursion dans son histoire et sa culture. Nous avons aussi opté pour des interviews dans un esprit d’ouverture et de découverte. Sans fermer la porte au nouveau monde et en consonance à l’évolution sociale, le Corps résistant du Mariage Traditionnel Kongo se caractérise comme un corps métis. Notre interaction a été menée surtout autour des mots suivants : corps, mariage, résistance, famille, parenté, métissage, société, État, Église, identité<br>In the era of globalization, it is important to reflect on the realities that make this globalization possible. In the study of the social facts, the body becomes one of the foundations of socialization in societies referred to as traditional, but also in the modern societies. The traditional wedding of Bantu is one of the social practices of the body that, even today, resists the models imposed inside and outside of this culture. We are asking ourselves constantly about the reasons of this resistance. To understand, we have privileged the participating observation of the all ceremonial path, giving rise to this reality by the Kongo people of Angola, through an incursion in the history and his culture. We have also taken the option of interviews in a spirit of discovering and to have an open mind. Without closing the door to the new world and in consonance to the social evolution, the body resistance of the traditional wedding in Kongo is characterized as a crossbred body. Our interaction has been guided by the following words: body, wedding, resistance, family, society, state, church, identity, relationship and crossbreeding
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Spano, Justin. "Solid-State NMR Studies of Polymeric and Biomembranes." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27788.
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The objective of this dissertation is to demonstrate different applications of ssNMR, with particular emphasis on uses in polymeric and biosciences. First, dynamics investigations on two polymers will be discussed: (1) disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s /poly(ethylene glycol) blends (BPS-20_PEG), which are under development as chlorine-resistant reverse osmosis (RO) membrane alternatives to aromatic polyamide (PA) technology, and (2) poly(arylene ether sulfone)s modified with 1,4-cyclohexyl ring units to improve processability. Simple cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning (CPMAS) experiments compared the chlorine tolerance of BPS-20_PEG and PA. Techniques capable of detecting motional geometries and rates on timescales from nanoseconds to seconds, including relaxation time measurements, were applied. Correlations were established between relaxation time and water permeability for the RO membranes, and between relaxation time and polydispersity in the 1,4- cyclohexyl ring modified polymer.
Next, 31P and 2H static ssNMR experiments evidencing the formation of toroidal pores and thinned bilayers in oriented zwitterionic and anionic phospholipid bilayers, (biomembrane mimetic systems), by the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) magainin-2 and aurein-3.3, will be mentioned. The toroidal pore geometries induced by magainin-2 were different than those produced by aurien-3.3. The most prominent features were observed in 2H spectra, implying greater interaction of the peptides with hydrophobic lipid acyl chains.
Following this, a new two-dimensional homonuclear dipolar recoupling MAS experiment, capable of correlating long range 13C-13C spin pairs in a uniformly/ extensively 13C-labeled biomolecule, will be introduced. This technique was demonstrated on 13C-labeled versions of Glutamine and Glycine-Alanine-Leucine. Experiments involving the recoupling of all 13C-13C spin pairs, and experiments with selective recoupling using Gaussian or cosine-modulated Gaussian pulses, were demonstrated.
Finally, work using static 1H- 13C CP ssNMR to selectively detect interfacial water around hydrophobic C60 will be recounted. This project exploited the distance limitation of CP, and 1H spin-lattice relaxation times, to separate the influence of bulk and interfacial water on the spectra. Results indicated that the tumbling of interfacial water is slowed by a factor of 105 compared to bulk water, providing it with a solid-like character, and allowing the hydration shell to be stable at temperatures above the freezing point of water.<br>Ph. D.
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Fahs, Gregory Bain. "The Effect of Ionomer Architecture on the Morphology in Gel State Functionalized Sulfonated Syndiotactic Polystyrene." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97193.
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This dissertation presents a discussion of blocky and randomly functionalized sulfonated syndiotactic polystyrene copolymers. These copolymers have been prepared over a range of functionalization (from 2% to 10%) in order to assess the effect of the incorporation of these polar side groups on both the thermal behavior and morphology of these polymer systems. The two different architectures are achieved by conducting the reaction in both the heterogeneous gel-state to obtain blocky copolymers and in the homogeneous solution state to obtain randomly functionalized copolymers. In order to compare both the thermal properties and morphology of these two systems several sets of samples were prepared at comparable levels of sulfonation. Thermal analysis of these two systems proved that the blocky functionalized copolymers provided superior properties with regard to the speed and total amount of the crystalline component of sulfonated syndiotactic polystyrene. Above 3% functionalizion the randomly functionalized copolymer was no longer able to crystallize, whereas, the blocky functionalized copolymer is able to crystallize even at a functionalization level of 10.5% sulfonate groups. When considering the morphology of these systems even at low percentages of sulfonation it is clear that the distribution of these groups is different based on the amplitude of the signal measured by small angle x-ray scattering. Additionally, methods were developed to describe both the distribution of ionic multiplets, which varies between blocky and randomly functionalized systems, but also the distribution of crystals. At a larger scale ultra-small angle x-ray scattering was employed to attempt to understand the clustering of ionic multiplets in these systems. Randomly functionalized polymers should a peak that is attributed to ion clusters, whereas blocky polymers show no such peak. Additional studies have also been done to look at the analysis of crystallite sizes in these systems when there are multiplet polymorphs present, it was observed the polymorphic composition is drastically different. All of these studies support that these systems bear vastly different thermal behavior and possess significantly different morphologies. This supports the hypothesis that this gel-state heterogeneous functionalization procedure produces a much different chain architecture compared to homogeneous functionalization in the solution-state.<br>Doctor of Philosophy<br>Polymers are a class of chemicals that are defined by having a very large set of molecules that are chemically linked together where each unit (monomer) is repeated within the chemical structure. In particular, this dissertation focuses on the construction what are termed as "blocky" copolymers, which are defined by having two chemically different monomers that are incorporated in the polymer chain. The "blocky" characteristic of these polymers means that these two different monomers are physically segregated from each other on the polymer chain, where long portions of the chain that are of one type, followed by another section of the polymer that has the other type of monomer. The goal of creating this type of structure is to try to take advantage of the properties of both types of monomers, which can create materials with superior synergistic properties. In this case a hydrophobic (water hating) monomer is combined with a hydrophilic (water loving) chain. This hydrophobic component in the polymer is able to crystallize, which provides mechanical and thermal stability in the material by acting as a physical tether to hold neighboring chains together. With the other set of hydrophilic monomers, which in this case have an ionic component incorporated, we can now take advantage of this chemical components ability to aide in the transportation of ions. Transportation of ions is useful in a variety of commercially relevant applications, two of the most important applications of these ionic materials is in membranes that can be used to purify water or membrane materials in fuel cell technologies, specifically for proton exchange membranes. The focus of this research in particular was to create a simple synthesis technique that can create these blocky polymer chain architectures, which is done by performing the reaction while the polymer is made into a gel. The key to this is that the crystals within the gel act as a barrier to chemical reactions, creating conditions where we have substantial portions of the material that are able to be functionalized and the crystals within the material that are protected from being functionalized. By looking at the thermal characteristics, such as melting temperatures and amount of crystals within these systems we have seen that functionalizing these polymers in the heterogeneous gel state gives substantially better properties than functionalizing these materials randomly. Much like oil and water, incompatible polymer chains will phase separate from each other. In this case the hydrophobic and ionic components will phase separate from each other. The shape and distribution of these phase separated structure will dictate many of the material properties, which can be described by modeling the data collected from x-ray scattering experiments. All of this information will tell us based on the initial conditions that these polymers were created in, what properties should be expected based on the morphology and thermal behavior. This gives a better understanding of how to fine tune these properties based on the structure of the gel and chemical reaction conditions.
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Leonova, Ekaterina. "Structural Investigations of Complex Glasses by Solid-state NMR." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för fysikalisk kemi, oorganisk kemi och strukturkemi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8565.
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This PhD thesis presents structural investigations of amorphous inorganic materials: oxide and oxynitride glasses and mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs), by solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Lanthanum oxide and oxynitride [La-Si-(Al)-O-(N)] glasses have a large number of potential applications due to their physical properties. In our work we have studied, compared to previous investigations, significantly expanded ranges of glass compositions (for oxynitride glasses, including samples of very high nitrogen content, up to 53 % out of the anions). We have estimated local environments of 29Si and 27Al structural units (their coordination, polymerization degree and number of N incorporated into tetrahedral units) in the materials. We have suggested a random Al/Si distribution along with almost uniform non-bridging oxygen atoms distribution in aluminosilicate glasses. Silicon nitride was used as precursor in the oxynitride glass synthesis. We studied both α- and β-modifications of silicon nitride, 15N-enriched, as well as fully (29Si, 15N)-enriched samples. We have shown that the linewidths of 15N NMR spectra are dominated by J(29Si-15N) coupling in 29Si315N4 sample. Mesoporous bioactive glasses in the CaO-SiO2-P2O5 system show superior bioactivity (the ability to form a hydroxycarbonate apatite layer on the glass surface when exposed to body fluids) compared to conventional bioactive glasses due to their large surface area and uniform pore-size distribution. Previous studies suggested a homogeneous cation distribution over the MBG samples on a 10−20 nm length-scale. From our results, on the other hand, we may conclude that Si and P is not intimately mixed. We propose a structural model, in which the pore walls of MBGs are composed of a silica network, and a phosphate phase is present as nanometer-sized clusters that are dispersed on the pore wall.
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Laage, Ségolène. "High-resolution solid-state NMR for proteins." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENSL0583.
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La RMN a récemment prouvé son potentiel en biologie structurale. Cette thèse décrit les méthodes que nous avons développées pour l’étude de protéines par RMN du solide à haute résolution. Après une présentation des récents progrès du domaine, nous présentons les améliorations liées à l’utilisation de la rotation à l’angle magique à très haute vitesse, notamment les techniques de découplage hétéronucléaire et de polarisation croisée à basse puissance, appliquées aux cas de la Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) et de la protéine GB1. Nous détaillons ensuite les perspectives émergeant dans l’utilisation des couplages J, avec trois nouvelles séquences. La J-CHHC renseigne sur les distances entre protons, le bloc S3E améliore résolution et sensibilité en effectuant du découplage J, et l’INADEQUATE-S3E combine transfert de polarisation par couplage J et découplage J. Nous donnons enfin des perspectives de mesure de longues distances par l’exploitation des propriétés paramagnétiques de la Cu(II) SOD<br>Solid-state NMR recently proved its potential for structural biology. This thesis details metods we developed for high resolution NMR of nanocrystalline proteins. After an introductory presentation of the recent advances in solid-state NMR of bio-systems, we present the improvements we proposed in the ultra-fast magic-angle spinning regime, notably low-field heteronuclear decoupling and low-field cross-polarization. We demonstrate them with the study of the Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and the protein GB1. We then focus on the perspectives arising for J-couplings in proteins by presenting three new sequences. The J-CHHC sequence probes 1H-1H distances encoded in 13C-13C correlation experiments. The S3E block improves resolution and sensitivity by performing J-decoupling, and the INADEQUATE-S3E combines J-based transfer of polarization and J-decoupling. We finally give perspectives to probe long-range structural constraints with data exploiting the paramagnetic properties of Cu(II)-SOD
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Timarci, Taner. "Vibrations of composite laminated cylindrical shells." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283227.
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Jourdain, de Alencastro Mathias. "Diamond politics in the Angolan periphery : colonial and postcolonial Lunda 1917-2002." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:85a838a6-8a33-471e-a563-c29d18264fbc.
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Angola is currently the fifth-largest diamond producer in the world. Yet neither the politics nor the history of Angola's diamond trade receives much attention either in the Angolan scholarship or the thematic literature on the mining sector more generally. The gap in the literature is significant, for diamond companies produce far more than revenue and profits: for some one hundred years, the diamond sector has governed, policed, defended, and controlled the strategic, diamond-rich provinces of Lunda Sul and Lunda Norte. This thesis explores the historical trajectory of the diamond sector in the Lundas. It concentrates on the powerfully symbiotic relationship between the diamond sector and the state from the colonial period to the present time. Drawing on a wide range of untapped official documents as well as interviews, it argues that the diamond sector has functioned historically as the conduit through which the state projects its power and secures its interests in a strategic but hostile territory. The thesis further shows how the politics of resource control both define the state’s strategies towards the diamond sector and perpetuate the entrenched system of privatised governance that has existed in the Lundas for more than a century. The thesis builds upon both the historical and contemporary literature on the mining sector and the literature on state formation. It challenges the conventional notion that the persistent power of private companies in Africa is the result of state weakness or state absence, underlining instead how state leaders instrumentalise and empower companies according to their changing priorities. It also considers the implications of this case study more broadly through a cross-case analysis of mining politics elsewhere in Africa. In the process, this study provides an original approach to state–mining sector relations that is of relevance to scholars working on the politics and political economy of state-making and of resources extraction in Africa.
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Uhakheme, Aig Smart. "Nigeria-United States relations with respect to their perspectives on political change in Africa: the cases of Angola, Zimbabwe, Namibia, and South Africa." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1985. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1134.
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This study centers around Nigeria-United States relations with respect to their perspectives on political change in Africa. It is premised on the assumption that international politics is generally a mix of conflictual and cooperative relationships. It is in this context that the study examines Nigeria-United States perspectives, and the positions taken by both countries on the issue of political change in Africa, using Angola, Zimbabwe, Namibia and South Africa as case studies.
The study shows that, at the level of diplomatic rhetoric, there seems to be a shared perspective on political change between Nigeria and the United States. However, underneath this shared perspective lie a host of disagreements and differences. Of critical significance are the differences in the interpretation of political change and the motivations behind both countries' policy in Southern Africa.
Nigeria favors radical change, while the United States favors gradual change. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that Nigeria is motivated by its commitment to the cause of African emancipation, while the United States is largely motivated by its varied economic and strategic interests in the region. These differences, however, have not made cooperation between both countries in other areas impossible.
The conclusion suggests that, on the whole, Nigeria-United States relations during the period under study have been marked by disagreements and cooperation. Relations between the two countries were decidedly cool at times, cordial at other times and uneasy in the Reagan years.
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Frazier, Dustin M. "A Saxon state : Anglo-Saxonism and the English nation, 1703-1805." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4146.
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For the past century, medievalism studies generally and Anglo-Saxonism studies in particular have largely dismissed the eighteenth century as a dark period in English interest in the Anglo-Saxons. Recent scholarship has tended to elide Anglo-Saxon studies with Old English studies and consequently has overlooked contributions from fields such as archaeology, art history and political philosophy. This thesis provides the first re-examination of scholarly, antiquarian and popular Anglo-Saxonism in eighteenth-century England and argues that, far from disappearing, interest in Anglo-Saxon culture and history permeated British culture and made significant contributions to contemporary formulations and expressions of Englishness and English national, legal and cultural identities. Each chapter examines a different category of Anglo-Saxonist production or activity, as those categories would be distributed across current scholarship, in order to explore the ways in which the Anglo-Saxons were understood and deployed in the construction of contemporary cultural- historiographical narratives. The first three chapters contain, respectively, a review of the achievements of the ‘Oxford school' of Saxonists of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries; antiquarian Anglo-Saxon studies by members of the Society of Antiquaries of London and their correspondents; and historiographical presentations of the Anglo-Saxons in local, county and national histories. Chapters four and five examine the appearance of the Anglo-Saxons in visual and dramatic art, and the role of Anglo-Saxonist legal and juridical language in eighteenth-century politics, with reference to discoveries resulting from the academic and antiquarian research outlined in chapters one to three. It is my contention that Anglo-Saxonism came to serve as a unifying ideology of origins for English citizens concerned with national history, and political and social institutions. As a popular as well as scholarly ideology, Anglo-Saxonism also came to define English national character and values, an English identity recognised and celebrated as such both at home and abroad.
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Kelly, Saul Mark Barrett. "Great Britain, the United States and the question of the Italian colonies, 1940-1952." Thesis, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283688.
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Paoliello, Tomaz Oliveira. "O padrão de atuação das empresas de segurança privada : o caso de Angola /." São Paulo : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96028.
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Orientador: Reginaldo Mattar Nasser<br>Banca: Mônica Herz<br>Banca: Flávia de Campos Mello<br>O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais é instituído em parceria com a Unesp/Unicamp/PUC-SP, em projeto subsidiado pela CAPES, intitulado "Programa San Tiago Dantas"<br>Resumo: Nos dias de hoje, um dos fenômenos que chama atenção e suscita o debate no âmbito da disciplina de relações internacionais é a ascensão das chamadas empresas de segurança privada. A atual dissertação se dedica ao estudo da inserção de tais empresas no contexto angolano durante os anos 1990. Essa inserção é marcada por dois momentos, um primeiro, paradigmático para a literatura sobre o tema, trata da ação particular da empresa Executive Outcomes. Num segundo momento, abordamos o desenvolvimento de um mercado local para a segurança privada, construído por uma série de dispositivos que fazem do panorama angolano um modelo único e ainda pouco estudado. Angola foi um campo de teste para a atuação das empresas de segurança privada, mas acabou se transformando num caso excepcional, com uma série de empresas locais provendo a segurança para o país durante o conflito interno, e tornando-se fundamentais para o desenho de poder em Angola. Essa situação é derivada de uma série de especificidades da história angolana, notadamente a permanente violência, e a perpetuação da fragilidade do Estado. Desenvolvemos a discussão sobre o papel das empresas de segurança privada como novos atores no sistema internacional, e observamos o alcance das descobertas sobre tais empresas quando confrontadas com o caso de Angola<br>Abstract: Nowadays, one of the phenomena that draws attention and raises the debate within the discipline of international relations is the rise of the so-called private security companies. The present dissertation studies the inclusion of such companies in the Angolan context during the 1990s. This inclusion is marked by two moments, the first one paradigmatic for the literature on the subject, the particular action of the company Executive Outcomes. Secondly, we discuss the development of a local market for private security, built by a series of devices that make the Angolan landscape a unique and poorly studied model. Angola was a testing ground for the actions of the private security companies, but turned out to be an exceptional case with a number of local companies providing security for the country during its own internal conflict, and making them fundamental for the design of Power in Angola. This situation is derived from a number of specific features of the Angolan history, especially the continued violence and the perpetuation of state fragility. We further explore the discussion on the role of private security companies as new actors in the international system, and observe the range of findings about these companies when confronted with the case of Angola<br>Mestre
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Trease, Nicole Marie. "New Theoretical Approaches for Solid-State NMR of Quadrupolar Nuclei with Applications to Glass Structure." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243952229.
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Phippard, Helen Leigh. "Britain, the United States and the Mutual Defence Assistance and Mutual Security Programmmes 1949-58." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305614.
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at, rseiring@ap univie ac. "On the Ordering of Energy Levels in Homogeneous Magnetic Fields." Lett. Math. Phys. 54 (2000) 213-226, 2000. ftp://ftp.esi.ac.at/pub/Preprints/esi959.ps.
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Mogili, Prasad. "RANS and DES computations for a three-dimensional wing with ice accretion." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2004. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-07102004-145100.
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Regan, John M. "Countering the revolutionaries : an examination of the Cumann na nGaedheal Party 1922-25." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324836.
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Schenk, Eric R. "Detection of specific steady-state visual evoked potentials when multiple frequencies are available for simulation." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1176401258.
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Gupta, Chitrak. "Peptide Bond Geometry Studied by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1385331897.
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Seyed, Yazdi Jamileh. "WETTING TRANSITIONS AT NANOSTRUCTURED SURFACES." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/298.
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Shape of a droplet atop a surface heterogeneity at a nanoscale. Small aqueous droplets on homogeneous surfaces, surrounded by a reservoir of vapor are inherently unstable. In contact with supersaturated vapor, the drops will keep growing until they coalesce and form a contiguous aqueous phase. Alternatively, if vapor pressure is below that of the droplets, the droplets gradually evaporate. Departing from this common picture, when nanoscale droplets sit above hydrophilic patches on a heterogeneous surface, at certain conditions they can maintain a stable volume, determined by the pertinent contact angle and the size of the patches. Only the region under the droplet perimeter controls the contact angle, which in turn determines the drops curvature for given volume and the vapor pressure of the liquid in the drop. The drop size may therefore stop changing when its base just covers the hydrophilic patch. The finite range of water-substrate interactions, however, blurs the patch boundaries hence the nanodrop geometry varies with the patch size in a gradual manner. We use molecular simulations to examine this dependence on graphene-like surfaces with topological heterogeneity as complementing studies of chemical heterogeneity (John Ritchie, Master Thesis, VCU, 2010). We measure the microscopic analogue of the contact angle of aqueous nanodrops above circular hydrophilic or hydrophobic patches of varied size. For both the chemically and topographically heterogeneous surfaces, the results confirm the contact angle of a nanodroplet can be predicted by the local Cassie-Baxter mixing relation applied to the area within the interaction range from the drop’s perimeter, which, in turn, enables predictions of condensation and saturated vapor pressure above nanopatterned hydrophilic/hydrophobic surfaces. Switchable nanowetting dynamics. Understanding the dynamic response of contact angle on switchable hydrophobic-hydrophilic surfaces is key to the design of nanofluidic and optical devices. We use molecular dynamics simulation for water droplets with different number of molecules on a molecularly smooth and corrugated substrate. We monitored the relaxation of the droplet geometry in response to a change in surface hydrophobicity. From the time correlation function for the height of the drop’s center of mass we estimate the rates of relaxation for wetting/dewetting processes following the change between hydrophobic and hydrophilic character of the surface. On molecularly smooth surfaces, we find similar forward/backward rates revealing insignificant hysteresis. Calculations on corrugated surfaces, however, reveal quite different relaxation times for forward (Cassie state to Wenzel state) and reverse processes. The observed hysteresis is associated with different friction forces between the droplet and the surface during advancing and receding processes. We calculate the friction coefficient of the corrugated surface for the forward process following the increase in surface hydrophilicity. We compare continuum hydrodynamic (HD) and molecular kinetic theories (MKT) for calculation of the friction coefficient. Although the small size of our system suggests the use of molecular description of the surface, incorporated in MKT, we obtain essentially equal friction coefficients from both theories. This information indicates an overlap between continuum hydrodynamics and molecular dynamics regimes, with both the HD and MKT theories being applicable at the nanoscopic lengthscales we consider. Water dynamics inside nanospheres. Chemical nature of a spherical confinement has significant effect on dynamics of water molecules outside the cage. In a separate study we examined the effect of chemical nature of the cage on the dynamics of water molecules inside the cage. Calculations have been made for variety of time correlation functions of water in four different sizes of spherical hydrophobic/hydrophilic confinements, Cx x=320, 500, 720, 1500 based “hollow buckyballs”, with different spherical pore diameters. Calculated water hydrogen bond lifetimes, diffusion coefficients and rotational relaxation times in these systems reveal a distinctly different water dynamics compared to interfacial water dynamics outside the cage: interestingly we find insignificant changes in time scales for water dynamics in hydrophilic and hydrophobic carbon cages. Even adding partial charges to hydrophilic confinement did not make a big effect on results compared to hydrophobic case. These findings are suggesting that in highly symmetric confinement water molecules do not care about the type of interaction with the wall because of cancellation of forces in different directions.