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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Anguilla japonica Eels

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Academic literature on the topic 'Anguilla japonica Eels'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Anguilla japonica Eels"

1

Watanabe, Shigeru, and Kazutaka Shinozuka. "Spatial learning in Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica)." Animal Cognition 23, no. 1 (2019): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-019-01320-y.

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Abstract Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica) were trained on a Morris-type spatial learning task. There were four tubes in a pool, but the eels could hide in only one of these. The eels learned the position of the open tube, and maintained their performance when the pool was rotated to remove possible intra-maze cues. The eels could not maintain their performance in a dark room, suggesting that spatial learning involved extra-maze visual cues. When the position of the open tube was randomly changed every day, the performance of the eels in finding the open tube did not improve.

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Shuai, Fangmin, Xinhui Li, Wanling Yang, Weitao Chen, and Sovan Lek. "Habitat use of the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) and marbled eel (Anguilla marmorata) in the large subtropical Pearl River." Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology 57 (2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/limn/2021001.

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Anguilla spp. are catadromous fish and with a high economic value in Asia. The Pearl River is the largest river in southern China and is an important area for wild populations of Anguilla spp. However, until now, there has been little research on the eel's population structure and habitat use in the Pearl River. This study analyzed the population structure and habitat use characteristics of the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) and the marbled eel (Anguilla marmorata) in the Pearl River based on data collected from 2015 to 2018. A total of 181 Japanese eels and 56 marbled eels were collected, over half of which were middle-sized eels between 255 and 600 mm in length. Although they are sister species, Japanese eels mainly inhabit complex river habitats characterized by high river fractals and coefficients of fluvial facies, while marbled eels mainly inhabit wider and deeper river sections. The impact of physical environmental factors (such as river fractals, coefficients of fluvial facies and river width) on the distribution of these two species is greater than the impact of small-scale water quality environmental factors (such as DO concentration, temperature and clarity). The results of this study showed that wild Anguilla spp. resources in the Pearl River were extremely low and there was an urgent need for conservation and management of eel resources in south China.

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KNOPF, K., and R. LUCIUS. "Vaccination of eels (Anguilla japonicaandAnguilla anguilla) againstAnguillicola crassuswith irradiated L3." Parasitology 135, no. 5 (2008): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182008004162.

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SUMMARYThe original host of the swimbladder nematodeAnguillicola crassus, the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) and the recently colonized European eel (Anguilla anguilla) were immunized with 40 irradiated (500 Gy) 3rd-stage larvae (L3) of this parasite and challenged with an infection of 40 normal L3. The immunization induced a significant reduction of the number of adult worms developing from the challenge infection inA. japonica, but not inA. anguilla. The induced resistance (calculated using the relation of the number of adult worms in immunized eels and in non-immunized control eels) inA. japonicawas 87·3%±30·4%. Following a single infection, the percentage of adult worms found inA. japonicawas lower as compared toA. anguilla, and the few adult worms were much smaller, revealing a lower susceptibility ofA. japonicatoA. crassusin comparison toA. anguilla. Both eel species developed an antibody response againstA. crassus, but the level of antibody responses was not positively correlated with the protection against infection, suggesting that the antibody response is not a key element in resistance of eels againstA. crassus. This study suggests that the original host ofA. crassusis able to mount efficient protective immune responses against its parasite, whereas the newly acquired host seems to lack this ability.

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Tsukamoto, K., J. Aoyama, and M. J. Miller. "Migration, speciation, and the evolution of diadromy in anguillid eels." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59, no. 12 (2002): 1989–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f02-165.

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Recent findings and hypotheses about the migration, spawning ecology, phylogenetic relationships, and possible mechanisms of speciation of anguillid eels are overviewed. The offshore distribution and otolith microstructure of small leptocephali suggest that the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica may spawn at seamounts west of the Mariana Islands in the western North Pacific during the new moon of each month from April to November. Some temperate eels have been found to remain in coastal areas after recruitment without a freshwater growth phase (ocean residents or "sea eels"), showing flexible patterns of migratory histories. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that the tropical eel Anguilla borneensis from the Borneo Island region is the most ancestral species. Every eel species or population has its own migration loop (migration route or life cycle) that connects their spawning area and growth habitats. Spatial and temporal shifts in these migration loops could cause separation into subpopulations, or speciation. Therefore, the large-scale migration of temperate eels probably evolved from local migrations of tropical eels as a result of long-distance dispersal of leptocephali from spawning sites in tropical waters of low latitude to temperate growth habitats at higher latitudes.

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Arai, Takaomi, Aya Kotake, and Madoka Ohji. "Variation in migratory history of Japanese eels, Anguilla japonica, collected in the northernmost part of its distribution." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88, no. 5 (2008): 1075–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408001756.

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In order to examine the variation of migratory histories in the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, we measured otolith strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca) concentrations by X-ray electron microprobe analysis in A. japonica collected in a coastal brackish water lake in the northernmost part of its distribution. Two migratory types that were categorized as river eels and estuarine eels were found. Estuarine eels were dominant (85%), while ordinary diadromous eels that had entered the freshwater habitat made up only 15% of the population. The low proportion of river eels suggested that the estuarine eels that inhabit the nearby coastal areas might make a larger reproductive contribution to the next generation in this area. There was no significant difference in growth between the river and estuarine eels, which suggested that the limited carrying capacity of the adjacent river and geographical features might be more effective in determining the habitat use of the Japanese eel than the genetic feature and food abundance at the northern edge of its distribution.

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6

Cho, Hye-Sun, Jong-Hwan Choi, Hong-Beom Ko, Jae-Sung Seo, and Jun-Cheul Ahn. "Evaluation of Major Nutrients of Domestic Farmed Eels Anguilla japonica." Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, no. 3 (2011): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2011.0237.

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Igarashi, Yoji, Hong Zhang, Engkong Tan, et al. "Whole-Genome Sequencing of 84 Japanese Eels Reveals Evidence against Panmixia and Support for Sympatric Speciation." Genes 9, no. 10 (2018): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9100474.

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The Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica), European eel (Anguilla anguilla), and American eel (Anguilla rostrata) are migratory, catadromous, temperate zone fish sharing several common life cycle features. The population genetics of panmixia in these eel species has already been investigated. Our extensive population genetics analysis was based on 1400 Gb of whole-genome sequence (WGS) data from 84 eels. It demonstrated that a Japanese eel group from the Kuma River differed from other populations of the same species. Even after removing the potential adapted/selected single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data, and with very small differences (fixation index [Fst] = 0.01), we obtained results consistently indicating that panmixia does not occur in Japanese eels. The life cycle of the Japanese eel is well-established and the Kuma River is in the center of its habitat. Nevertheless, simple reproductive isolation is not the probable cause of non-panmixia in this species. We propose that the combination of spawning area subdivision, philopatry, and habitat preference/avoidance accounts for the non-panmixia in the Japanese eel population. We named this hypothesis the “reproductive isolation like subset mapping” (RISM) model. This finding may be indicative of the initial stages of sympatric speciation in these eels.

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Sasai, Seiji, Toyoji Kaneko, Sanae Hasegawa, and Katsumi Tsukamoto. "Morphological alteration in two types of gill chloride cells in Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica) during catadromous migration." Canadian Journal of Zoology 76, no. 8 (1998): 1480–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z98-072.

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Gill chloride cell morphology and Na+,K+-ATPase activity were examined in cultured Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica) acclimated to fresh water (FW) or seawater (SW), and in yellow and silver eels caught in wild stocks. Gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity was higher in SW-acclimated cultured eels than in FW eels. Chloride cells were detected in both filament and lamellar epithelia by immunocytochemical staining using anti-Na+,K+-ATPase serum. The filament chloride cells were more abundant and larger in SW eels than in FW eels, whereas there was no apparent difference in lamellar chloride cells. In wild-caught eels, gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity increased as they developed from yellow to silver eels. Filament chloride cells in silver eels were more active than those in yellow eels. In contrast, lamellar chloride cells, which were frequently observed in yellow eels, had decreased in number or disappeared in silver eels. These findings suggest that chloride cells in the filament are responsible for excretion of excess salt in hyperosmotic environments, and that lamellar chloride cells may play a significant role in hypoosmotic environments, presumably acting as sites of ion uptake. The excellent euryhalinity of the Japanese eel may be due, at least in part, to the presence of functionally different types of chloride cells. The activation of filament chloride cells in silver eels in FW, together with the increase in Na+,K+-ATPase activity, could be interpreted as a preadaptive response to forthcoming entry into SW.

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Hung, H.-W., C.-F. Lo, C.-C. Tseng, and G.-H. Kou. "Antibody production in Japanese eels, Anguilla japonica Temminck & Schlegel." Journal of Fish Diseases 20, no. 3 (1997): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1997.00290.x.

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Kim, Heeyong, Shingo Kimura, Akira Shinoda, Takashi Kitagawa, Yoshikazu Sasai, and Hideharu Sasaki. "Effect of El Niño on migration and larval transport of the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, no. 7 (2007): 1387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsm091.

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Abstract Kim, H., Kimura, S., Shinoda, A., Kitagawa, T., Sasai, Y., and Sasaki, H. 2007. Effect of El Niño on migration and larval transport of the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: –. To clarify the effect of an El Niño on the migration of Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica) in the western North Pacific, differences in migration patterns of eel larvae (leptocephali) in El Niño and non-El Niño years were compared qualitatively through a numerical particle-tracking model. Depending on interannual meridional displacements of the salinity front and bifurcation of the North Equatorial Current, transport of Japanese eel larvae to the Kuroshio was much less than to the Mindanao Current in an El Niño year, and recruitment to coastal habitats in Japan decreased in those years. In non-El Niño years, transport to the Kuroshio was twice as high, and recruitment to coastal habitats increased. If the spawning area of eels was independent of El Niño, transport differences between the two currents were not clear. In the western North Pacific, mesoscale eddies also played a significant role in dispersing eel larvae and prolonging their migration. Consequently, the changing oceanic conditions associated with climate change have resulted in decreased recruitment of Japanese eels, and the eddy effect on migration of the Japanese eel larvae needs to be added into the North Equatorial Current–Kuroshio system.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Anguilla japonica Eels"

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Lau, Yee-lan Estella. "Changes in intermediary metabolism of the eel, Anguilla japonica (Temminck & Schlegel) during artificial induction of sexual maturation /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1987. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12345763.

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Chan, Kwok-kuen. "Population genetics of the Japanese eel : anguilla japonica (temminck & schlegel) /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17545419.

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劉綺蘭 and Yee-lan Estella Lau. "Changes in intermediary metabolism of the eel, Anguilla japonica (Temminck & Schlegel) during artificial induction of sexualmaturation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31231238.

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陳國權 and Kwok-kuen Chan. "Population genetics of the Japanese eel: anguilla japonica (temminck & schlegel)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31234653.

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蔡昌明 and Chang-ming Stephen Tsoi. "Biochemical and molecular studies of Lactate Dehydrogenase Isozymes inthe freshwater eels, anguilla japonica (Temminck & Schlegel) andAnguilla rostrata (Le Sueur)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31233922.

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Tse, Ka Fai William. "Functional studies of gill epithelial cells isolated from Japanese eels (anguilla japonica)." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/879.

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Tsoi, Chang-ming Stephen. "Biochemical and molecular studies of Lactate Dehydrogenase Isozymes in the freshwater eels, anguilla japonica (Temminck & Schlegel) and Anguilla rostrata (Le Sueur) /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13637563.

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Lee, Wai Sin. "Effects of exogenous cortisol on the expression of cortisol and natriuretic peptide B receptors mRNA in gill epithelia of Japanese eels, Anguilla japonica." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2003. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/418.

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Ho, Cheuk Hin. "Effects of osmotic stress on molecular responses of gill cells from Japanese eels, Anguilla Japonica." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2021. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/885.

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Japanese eels (Anguilla japonicas) are snakelike fishes living in waters in the Asian region. In contrast to most fishes which are stenohalines that can only live in waters with a narrow range of salinity, Japanese eels are classified as euryhalines that can habitat in a broad range of salinity. As the lifecycle of Japanese eels consists of stages across fresh and seawater districts, a well-developed osmoregulation mechanism is needed to balance the intra- and extra- cellular osmolarity of the fishes throughout the seawater acclimation process. While fish gills are one of the organs that separating the ambient water and the inner body fluid of the fish, the fish gills of the Japanese eels have been studied as one of the most crucial organs for osmoregulation purposes. Yet, the osmoregulation and survival strategies of Japanese eels under hyperosmotic stress has not been fully elucidated. In chapter 2, this study has performed a transcriptome study on the ex vivo gill filament model of the Japanese eel to profile the molecular responses after a hypertonic treatment of 4 hours or 8 hours. The experiment is aimed to mimic the gill cells exposed to seawater in the seawater acclimation process of Japanese eels. A profile of differential expressed genes (DEGs) has been revealed that 577 DEGs were commonly upregulated and 711 DEGs were commonly downregulated in both 4- and 8-hours hypertonic treatment. Functional analysis and annotation have been processed with these DEGs, including Ingenuity Canonical Pathways analysis and gene ontology. These analyses have revealed that the cellular homeostasis of the gill cells has been disrupted and cell death responses has been induced by osmotic stress. The results have raises a concern that the maintenance of cellular viability and a cell death regulation mechanism are needed for the fishes to survive in the early stage of seawater acclimation. In chapter 3, this chapter demonstrated that gill cells in Japanese eels are susceptible to apoptosis when they are exposed to hyperosmotic treatments in both in vitro gill cell and the ex vivo gill filament model. To maintain the viability of the gills cells, two inhibitors of apoptosis, XIAP, and survivin, were seen to be expressed in gills cells. The expression of XIAP and survivin were upregulated by dexamethasone, which is an agonist mimicking the effect of cortisol on fishes in seawater acclimation. Meanwhile, the expression levels of the apoptosis executor, caspase 3, were downregulated. These data suggested that with the regulation of cortisol express in the fishes, XIAP and survivin are effective apoptosis regulators in the gill cells of Japanese eels. The study has demonstrated the molecular responses of the gills of Japanese eels exposed to hyperosmotic stress at the transcriptional level and post-translational level by using transcriptome studies and protein study respectively. The study has paved cell death regulation to be another the key field to study in understanding the ability of salinity tolerance in euryhalines.

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Bracamonte, Seraina Emilia. "Immune and metabolic processes jointly contribute to susceptibility to invasive parasites - The case of Anguillicola crassus in eels." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21074.

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Die Einschleppung gebietsfremder Parasiten durch den Menschen ist einer der Hauptgründe für das Auftreten neuer Krankheiten in the letzten Jahrzehnten. Neue Wirte sind oftmals anfälliger für diese invasiven Parasiten als die ursprünglichen Wirte. In schwerwiegenden Fällen können invasive Parasiten zu Massensterben und zum Aussterben ihrer neuen Wirte führen. Der ursprüngliche Wirt des Aalparasiten Anguillicola crassus ist der Japanische Aal. In den frühen 1980er Jahren wurde der Parasit in die Population des Europäischen Aals eingeschleppt. Er ist einer der Faktoren, die für den Populationsrückgang des Europäischen Aals verantwortlich sind. Die molekularen Prozesse, die zur stärkeren Anfälligkeit des Europäischen Aals im Vergleich zum Japanischen Aal führen, sind noch nicht zureichend bekannt. Die Analyse transkriptomweiter differenzieller Genexpression von Immungewebe ergab, dass im Europäischen Aal sowohl Immun- als auch Nichtimmungene differenziell exprimiert waren. Dies war im Japanischen Aal nicht der Fall und deutet darauf hin, dass der Europäische Aal eine ineffiziente und kostspielige Immunantwort auslöst. Die Resultate ensprechen jenen die schon in anderen Wirbeltierwirt-invasiven Parasiten-Systemen beobachtet wurden. Ausserdem stützen diese Resultate die Hypothese, dass neuen Wirten eine wirksame Immunantwort fehlt und sie deuten darauf hin, dass Nichtimmunprozesse wesentlich zur höheren Anfälligkeit von neuen Wirten beitragen. Als Reaktion of die negativen Fitnesseffekte können neue Wirte Abwehrmechanismen entwickeln. Im Europäischen Aal entspricht das der Einkapselung von A. crassus. Einkapselung führte zu eine niedrigere Abundanz adulter A. crassus. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass das Einkapseln sich positiv auf die Gesundheit infizierter Aale auswirkt. Jedoch war die Abundanz zweier nativer Parasiten höher in Aalen, die A. crassus einkapselten. Eine verbesserte Abwehr des eingeschleppten Parasiten könnte daher die Abwehr nativer Parasiten beeinträchtigen.<br>The human-mediated translocation of non-native parasites into foreign regions is one of the primary factors for the emergence of new diseases in recent decades. Novel hosts are often more susceptible to these invasive parasites than the native host. In severe cases, invasive parasites can lead to population declines and extinctions of their novel hosts. The eel parasite Anguillicola crassus is native to the Japanese eel. In the early 1980s it was introduced into the European eel population and is now considered to be one factor contributing to the population decline of its novel host. The underlying molecular processes determining higher susceptibility in the European eel compared to the Japanese eel are not well understood. Using whole-transcriptome differential gene expression analysis of immune organs, I found that genes involved in both immune and non-immune processes were differentially expressed in the European eel but not the Japanese eel, suggestive of an ineffective and costly immune response in the former. These results are in line with those observed between susceptible and resistant hosts in other vertebrate host-invasive parasite systems. Furthermore, the results support the hypothesis that novel hosts lack an effective immune response. The results also suggest that alteration of non-immune processes contributes substantially higher susceptibilities of novel hosts. In response to the negative fitness effects of invasive parasites, novel hosts can evolve coping mechanisms. The European eel has the capacity to encapsulate and kill A. crassus. Using natural infections, I found a lower abundance of adult A. crassus, the most costly parasitic stage in those eels encapsulating the parasite, suggesting that encapsulation can potentially improve health of infected eels. At the same time, the abundance of two native parasites was higher in those eels encapsulating A. crassus. Thus, coping with A. crassus may come at the expense of coping with native parasites.

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Book chapters on the topic "Anguilla japonica Eels"

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Adachi, Shinji, Shigeho Ijiri, Yukinori Kazeto, and Kohei Yamauchi. "Oogenesis in the Japanese Eel, Anguilla japonica." In Eel Biology. Springer Japan, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65907-5_21.

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Suzuki, Yoshihiro, and Toshiro Maruyama. "Eel Anguilla japonica: Toward Zero Emission." In Application of Recirculating Aquaculture Systems in Japan. Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56585-7_3.

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Tzeng, Wann-Nian. "The Processes of Onshore Migration of the Japanese Eel Anguilla japonica as Revealed by Otolith Microstructure." In Eel Biology. Springer Japan, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65907-5_13.

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"Eels at the Edge: Science, Status, and Conservation Concerns." In Eels at the Edge: Science, Status, and Conservation Concerns, edited by Wann-Nian Tzeng, Yu-San Han, and Brian M. Jessop. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569964.ch10.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—In Taiwan, there has been a shortage of local Japanese eel <em>Anguilla japonica </em>elvers for culture, so culturists have imported American eel <em>Anguilla rostrata </em>(Le Sueur) elvers from North America to meet their needs. From 1999 to 2001, six exotic adult American eels were found in the estuary of the Kaoping River of Taiwan that had escaped from aquaculture ponds as young eels and stayed in the river until silvering. This study compares growth performance and migratory behavior, using otolith strontium (Sr)/calcium (Ca) ratios of those six American eels with cohabitating Japanese eels and American eels in North America. Regardless of sex, mean age at maturity of the exotic American eels was greater and mean annual growth rate was less than that of Japanese eels in Taiwan and similar to that of American eels in the southern United States. Sr/Ca ratios at the otolith edge of the six exotic American eels, which recorded their salinity history, increased significantly. Furthermore, four of the six exotic American eels spent more than one year in the high-salinity estuary. Their extended residence in the estuary may be due to a delayed spawning migration resulting from a failure to orientate and migrate properly to their native spawning site.

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Arai, Takaomi. "Spawning Ground of the Japanese Eel Anguilla japonica." In Biology and Ecology of Anguillid Eels. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19925-6.

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"Eels at the Edge: Science, Status, and Conservation Concerns." In Eels at the Edge: Science, Status, and Conservation Concerns, edited by Katsumi Tsukamoto, Jun Aoyama, and Michael J. Miller. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569964.ch2.

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Abstract.—The Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, is an important food fish in East Asia, and catches of glass eels and of eels in freshwater appear to have declined dramatically in recent decades, causing increasing concern for the health of wild stocks. During that time, research efforts to understand its biology have progressed considerably. The spawning area was successfully outlined to the west of the Mariana Islands in 1991, and other research suggests that their recruitment success may be related to El Niño events, which appear to affect the transfer of leptocephali from the north equatorial current into the Kuroshio Current. Otolith microstructure and microchemistry studies have revealed various aspects of their early life history that relate to their oceanic larval migration. The discovery of sea eels that live in marine habitats without entering freshwater may change the common understanding of freshwater eel ecology and affect management plans. Most genetic studies suggest that the Japanese eel is composed of a single panmictic population throughout East Asia. Therefore, international management is needed among the countries of China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, where glass eels recruit from a common stock and are used extensively for aquaculture.

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"Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment." In Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment, edited by Michael J. Miller, Shingo Kimura, Kevin D. Friedland, et al. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874080.ch15.

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<em>Abstract</em>.-Declines in recruitment of temperate anguillid eels have occurred in the past 30 years in many areas of their species ranges. The cumulative effects of anthropogenic changes to their freshwater growth habitats are likely contributors to reductions in population sizes, but changes in ocean-atmospheric conditions in the ocean also appear to be contributing to the declines. This paper reviews how changes in the ocean may contribute to recruitment declines by affecting the spawning location of silver eels, larval feeding success, or the transport of their leptocephalus larvae by ocean currents. Recruitment of European eels <em>Anguilla anguillla </em>has shown correlations with the North Atlantic Oscillation and specific changes in ocean conditions in the Sargasso Sea where spawning and development occurs. The American eel <em>A. rostrata </em>spawns in an area that overlaps with the European eel and so could also be affected by these types of changes. Recruitment of Japanese eels <em>A. japonica </em>appears to be correlated to the El Niño Southern Oscillation index and latitudinal changes in salinity fronts in the western North Pacific. The general spawning and recruitment patterns of the temperate Australasian shortfin eels <em>A. australis </em>and New Zealand longfin eels <em>A. dieffenbachii </em>in the western South Pacific are similar to those of the northern temperate anguillids and also may be affected by El Niño-related factors. The changes in ocean conditions associated with atmospheric forcing or a warming of the ocean could alter the biological characteristics of the surface layer where leptocephali feed, due to changes in productivity or community structure, in addition to having possible effects on larval transport and location of the spawning areas by silver eels. Changes in ocean-atmospheric conditions could result in lower feeding success and survival of leptocephali, or increased retention in offshore areas due to changes in the location of spawning areas, resulting in reductions in recruitment.

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"Eels at the Edge: Science, Status, and Conservation Concerns." In Eels at the Edge: Science, Status, and Conservation Concerns, edited by Mei-Chen Tseng, Wann-Nian Tzeng, and Sin-Che Lee. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569964.ch4.

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<em>Abstract.—</em>Polymorphic microsatellite loci as genetic markers were used to reject the null hypothesis of panmixia for the Japanese eel, <em>Anguilla japonica</em>. Observed heterozygosity showed slight heterozygote deficiencies over all loci. One of the eight loci (MS-4) in one sample showed departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Unbiased Nei’s genetic distances ranged from approximately 0.058 to 0.134. A slight genetic differentiation was determined by <EM>F</EM><sub>ST</sub> and <EM>R</EM><sub>ST</sub> statistics when adjusted with Bonferroni correction. Although isolation by distance is often observed in marine species, its use as a null hypothesis seems questionable. Although the freshwater eel is categorized as a catadromous fish, the value of genetic diversity obtained fell within that of marine fishes. A higher correlation (<EM>P </EM>< 0.001) resulting from AMOVA supports the separation of Japanese eels into two management units: a low-latitude group (Shantou, Tanshui, and Fangliao) and a high-latitude group (Daecheon-myon, Yalu River, Hangzhou, and Mikawa Bay). Such a population subdivision will be useful for further applications of fisheries conservation and management in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.

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9

"Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment." In Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment, edited by Katsumi Tsukamoto, Michael J. Miller, Aya Kotake, Jun Aoyama, and Kazuo Uchida. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874080.ch4.

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<em>Abstract</em>.-The remarkable migrations of some fishes are still the subject of active research, but there has been much less attention on the evolutionary or behavioral origins of diadromous migrations. Diadromy likely evolved as a result of the adaptive advantage of using higher productivity habitats for growth, but the reason why the first individuals left their habitat to enter a new one is unknown. The objective of this paper is to examine the possible evolutionary and behavioral origin of diadromous fish migration and to explore the possible factors that could have led to the development of migratory behavior, using a behavioral model for a triggering mechanism of fish migration. Eels likely evolved in the tropics from a marine ancestor, and salmon evolved in temperate regions from a freshwater ancestor. Evidence of the ancestral life history states of these fishes can be seen in geographic clines of occurrence of nonmigratory residents of the sympatric Japanese eel <em>Anguilla japonica</em>, a catadromous species, and masu salmon <em>Oncorhynchus masou</em>, an anadromous species, with a higher proportion of resident type "sea eels" at higher latitudes, whereas masu salmon have more river residents at lower latitudes. The amphidromous ayu <em>Plecoglossus altivelis </em>was used as a model species for exploring the behavioral origins of migration. The triggering mechanism of upstream migration of ayu could be explained by a three-step model of necessary conditions for starting migration that include age and body size, endocrinological condition, and psychological processes. A behavioral model of drive was proposed to explain the last step that is influenced by exogenous/endogenous factors such as water temperature, fish density, and hunger level. The drive of upstream migration behavior appears to be a psychological repulsion that occurs in stressed fish when the behavioral rule of optimum interindividual distance is broken, since fish with stronger repulsion and a larger interindividual distance showed more active jumping behavior and stronger upstream migration. A vacuum activity of jumping behavior of ayu contained in a limited space occurred in random directions without any behavioral stimuli when water temperature increased. This vacuum activity can be interpreted as an escapement behavior of fish that bolt out of unfavorable environments, and this escapement might be a behavioral origin of fish migration that may also help to understand the evolutionary origin of migration (random escapement hypothesis).

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Conference papers on the topic "Anguilla japonica Eels"

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Zhang, Xinhai, Xiaomei Xu, Xinbing Tu, Wenpeng Wang, and Yougan Chen. "Preliminary exploration of underwater noise impact on Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) elvers." In 2016 IEEE/OES China Ocean Acoustics (COA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coa.2016.7535791.

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2

Mao Lin, Hongzhao Fan, Zhengqiang Chen, and Zhixian Yao. "Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) after a single oral dose." In 2012 International Symposium on Information Technology in Medicine and Education (ITME 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itime.2012.6291427.

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