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1

Lacerda, Danielle Christine Othon. "Saberes ocultos no Brasil Império: a arte da cura pelo magnetismo animal e a busca pela legitimidade * Hidden knowledge in Brazil Empire: the art of cure for animal magnetism and the search for legitimacy." História e Cultura 7, no. 2 (2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18223/hiscult.v7i2.2681.

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Os princípios e a prática do magnetismo animal consolidaram-se na França poucos anos antes da Revolução Francesa acontecer. Em meio a polêmicas e um crescente número de adeptos, o magnetismo animal ultrapassa as barreiras do tempo e as fronteiras espaciais, chegando ao Brasil nas primeiras décadas do século XIX por meio do imigrante francês Leopold Gamard. O objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender as tentativas de Gamard de legitimar o magnetismo animal como prática curativa, perante as instituições científicas médicas e a opinião pública na Corte imperial. Para tanto, examinamos periódicos científicos e jornais populares na tentativa de juntar fragmentos para recompor a intrigante trajetória de Leopold Gamard e que ajudaram a tecer a trama das relações sociais na construção de representações e apropriações da prática do magnetismo animal, como uma alternativa para cura de moléstias.*The principles and practice of animal magnetism were consolidated in France a few years before the French Revolution took place. Amid controversy and a growing number of adepts, animal magnetism surpasses the barriers of time and space frontiers, arriving in Brazil in the first decades of the nineteenth century through the French immigrant Leopold Gamard. The purpose of this work was to understand Gamard's attempts to legitimize animal magnetism as a curative practice before medical scientific institutions and public opinion in the imperial court. In order to do so, we examined popular scientific journals and newspapers in an attempt to combine fragments to reconstruct Leopold Gamard's intriguing trajectory and helped to weave the fabric of social relations in the construction of representations and appropriations of the practice of animal magnetism as an alternative for healing diseases
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2

Roberts, Steve. "Animal magnetism." Physics World 29, no. 2 (2016): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/29/2/38.

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Cantarow, Ellen, and Doris Lessing. "Animal Magnetism." Women's Review of Books 9, no. 3 (1991): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4021100.

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4

Nicholls, Henry. "Animal magnetism." New Scientist 232, no. 3104-3106 (2016): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(16)32339-9.

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Cobb, Matthew. "Animal magnetism." New Scientist 235, no. 3137 (2017): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(17)31523-3.

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Eisenstein, Michael. "Natural animal magnetism." Nature Methods 2, no. 5 (2005): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0505-328a.

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&NA;. "Antiandrogens and animal magnetism!" Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 425 (1992): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199204250-00006.

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Smith, Ron, and Michael Jewess. "Animal magnetism attracts attention." Physics World 26, no. 01 (2013): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/26/01/27.

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9

Davis, L. "Homing in on Animal Magnetism." Science News 130, no. 8 (1986): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3970813.

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10

Iaroshevskii, M. G. "From "Animal Magnetism" to "Ochlotelesuggestion"." Journal of Russian & East European Psychology 34, no. 2 (1996): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/rpo1061-040534025.

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11

Baker, Bernadette. "Animal Magnetism and Curriculum History." Curriculum Inquiry 37, no. 2 (2007): 123–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-873x.2007.00376.x.

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12

Burwick, Frederick. "De Quincey and Animal Magnetism." Wordsworth Circle 36, no. 1 (2005): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/twc24044994.

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13

Kirschvink, Joseph L. "From Mesmer to animal magnetism." Nature 390, no. 6658 (1997): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/36991.

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14

Brown, K. "MAGNETORECEPTION: Animal Magnetism Guides Migration." Science 294, no. 5541 (2001): 283a—284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.294.5541.283a.

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15

신혜원. "Animal Magnetism in Poe’s Short Stories." American Studies 39, no. 2 (2016): 43–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18078/amstin.2016.39.2.002.

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16

CHRUBASIK, JOACHIM, and FLORELLA MAGORA. "Abel Lawrence Peirson on Animal Magnetism." Anesthesiology 72, no. 6 (1990): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199006000-00028.

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17

Gullickson, Terri. "Review of Mesmer and Animal Magnetism." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 40, no. 4 (1995): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/003624.

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18

McNally, Richard J. "On Eye Movements and Animal Magnetism." Journal of Anxiety Disorders 13, no. 6 (1999): 617–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0887-6185(99)00020-1.

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19

Collis, Robert. "A European Entrancement: Animal Magnetism among the Russian Nobility in France and St Petersburg, 1784–1787." Slavonic and East European Review 101, no. 4 (2023): 723–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/see.2023.a923984.

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Abstract: This article examines the reception of animal magnetism among the Russian nobility in the mid 1780s, at a time when this pseudo-science aroused the curiosity and scorn of many across Europe. The first part of the article focuses on how young Russian noblemen — including Catherine II's illegitimate son, Aleksei Bobrinskii — first encountered animal magnetism in France during Grand Tours, via Masonic networks that were utilized by their governors. Significantly, the Russian noblemen were not only introduced to Franz Mesmer's well-known form of animal magnetism, which sought to cure ailments through physical contact and the use of baquets , but they were also exposed to magnetic somnambulism. This strand of animal magnetism purportedly enabled patients to see the cause of ailments within themselves and others. Moreover, practitioners in Lyon believed that magnetic somnambulism offered the potential for a somnambule to obtain powers of clairvoyance and to be able to achieve a higher state of spiritual consciousness. The second part of this article studies how both strands of animal magnetism — Mesmeric and magnetic somnambulism — briefly flourished in St Petersburg in 1786, the first practitioner being Borbinskii's governor, before Catherine II effectively banned the practice.
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20

Gantet, Claire. "La médecine au risque de ses publics: les Archives du magnétisme et du somnambulisme (Strasbourg, 1787-1788)." Diciottesimo Secolo 8 (July 1, 2023): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/ds-14150.

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Mesmerism was built in newspapers and in response to newspapers. Never before probably had an issue of public health been discussed with so much verbal violence. Whom henceforth was recognized medical authority? The Archiv für Magnetismus und Somnambulismus [Archives of Magnetism and Somnambulism] was published in Strasbourg by the physics professor Johann Lorenz Böckmann in 1788-1789, in 8 volumes of over 100 pages. It was the only scientific journal on animal magnetism that really operated as a forum on the new therapy. It attempted to correct the disastrous effect of the Parisian condemnation of the notion of a universal fluid (that was put forward by Franz Anton Mesmer) in August 1784 and to promote a scientific discourse by denouncing anonymous articles.
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21

Bailly, Jean-Sylvain. "Secret report on mesmerism or animal magnetism." International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis 50, no. 4 (2002): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207140208410110.

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González de Pablo, Ángel. "Animal magnetism in Spanish medicine (1786–1860)." History of Psychiatry 17, no. 3 (2006): 279–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957154x06061604.

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23

Lavine, Michael, J. Roger Brothers, Kenneth J. Lohmann, and Isaac Lavine. "Sea Turtles: A Case of Animal Magnetism." CHANCE 29, no. 2 (2016): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09332480.2016.1181959.

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24

Price, Rachel. "Animal, Magnetism, Theatricality in Ibsen's The Wild Duck." New Literary History 37, no. 4 (2006): 797–816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nlh.2007.0009.

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25

Leskowitz, Eric. "Mesmer Reconsidered: From Animal Magnetism to the Biofield." EXPLORE 15, no. 2 (2019): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2018.12.010.

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26

Weil, Kari. "Animal Magnetism as Ecocriticism for a Time of Pandemic." Contemporary French and Francophone Studies 25, no. 1 (2021): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17409292.2021.1865057.

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27

Tassinary, Louis G., Thomas R. Geen, John T. Cacioppo, and Roger Swartzbaugh. "Born of Animal Magnetism: 150 Years of Psycho-Physiology." Psychophysiology 26, no. 6 (1989): 713–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1989.tb03178.x.

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28

Dawson, P. M. S. "‘A Sort of Natural Magic’: Shelley and Animal Magnetism." Keats-Shelley Review 1, no. 1 (1986): 15–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/ksr.1986.1.1.15.

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29

Wilson, Eric G. "Matter and Spirit in the Age of Animal Magnetism." Philosophy and Literature 30, no. 2 (2006): 329–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/phl.2006.0042.

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Fara, Patricia. "An Atttractive Therapy: Animal Magnetism in Eighteenth-Century England." History of Science 33, no. 2 (1995): 127–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/007327539503300201.

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31

Mazzagatti, Roberto, Michael Belingheri, Maria Emilia Paladino, Nicolò Dell’Orto, and Michele Augusto Riva. "Animal magnetism in Italy during the nineteenth century: the conflicting relationship with the Catholic Church." History of Psychiatry 33, no. 4 (2022): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957154x221117208.

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This article explores the relationship between the Catholic Church and animal magnetism. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the Catholic Church had first tried to stem the rise of animal magnetism in a vague manner, but after a few decades, it eventually put a genuine veto in place. This measure was founded upon the dangers to morality and faith arising from the progressive polarization of the original doctrine in forms related to esotericism. Among the causes of the condemnation by the Congregation of the Holy Office, the primary ones were the naturalist interpretation of the miracles described in the Gospels and in the New Testament, and the possibility of falling under the control of a demonic spirit.
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32

Waitinas, Catherine. ""Animal Magnetism": The "Cotemporary" Roots of Whitman’s "Is Mesmerism True?"." Walt Whitman Quarterly Review 34, no. 1 (2016): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.13008/0737-0679.2222.

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33

Alvarado, Carlos S. "Late 19th- and Early 20th-Century Discussions of Animal Magnetism." International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis 57, no. 4 (2009): 366–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207140903098510.

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34

Noushad, Shamoon. "Animal Magnetism; A Mesmerizing Yet Controversial Past of Healing Sciences." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDORSING HEALTH SCIENCE RESEARCH (IJEHSR) 08, no. 02 (2020): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.29052/jehsr.v8.i2.2020.50-55.

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35

Brückner, Burkhart. "Animal Magnetism, Psychiatry and Subjective Experience in Nineteenth-Century Germany: Friedrich Krauß and hisNothschrei." Medical History 60, no. 1 (2015): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2015.66.

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Friedrich Krauß (1791–1868) is the author ofNothschrei eines Magnetisch-Vergifteten[Cry of Distress by a Victim of Magnetic Poisoning] (1852), which has been considered one of the most comprehensive self-narratives of madness published in the German language. In this 1018-page work Krauß documents his acute fears of ‘mesmerist’ influence and persecution, his detainment in an Antwerp asylum and his encounter with various illustrious physicians across Europe. Though in many ways comparable to other prominent nineteenth-century first-person accounts (eg. John Thomas Perceval’s 1838Narrative of the Treatment Experienced by a Gentlemanor Daniel Paul Schreber’s 1903Memoirs of my Nervous Illness), Krauß’s story has received comparatively little scholarly attention. This is especially the case in the English-speaking world. In this article I reconstruct Krauß’s biography by emphasising his relationship with physicians and his under-explored stay at the asylum. I then investigate the ways in which Krauß appropriated nascent theories about ‘animal magnetism’ to cope with his disturbing experiences. Finally, I address Krauß’s recently discovered calligraphic oeuvre, which bears traces of his typical fears all the while showcasing his artistic skills. By moving away from the predominantly clinical perspective that has characterised earlier studies, this article reveals how Friedrich Krauß sought to make sense of his experience by selectively appropriating both orthodox and non-orthodox forms of medical knowledge. In so doing, it highlights the mutual interaction of discourses ‘from above’ and ‘from below’ as well as the influence of broader cultural forces on conceptions of self and illness during that seminal period.
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Feurzeig, Lisa. "Heroines in Perversity: Marie Schmith, Animal Magnetism, and the Schubert Circle." 19th-Century Music 21, no. 2 (1997): 223–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/746899.

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Feurzeig, Lisa. "Heroines in Perversity: Marie Schmith, Animal Magnetism, and the Schubert Circle." 19th-Century Music 21, no. 2 (1997): 223–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncm.1997.21.2.02a00060.

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38

Christy, Andrew G., Kelly A. Hirsch, and Rebecca J. Schlegel. "Animal Magnetism: Metaphoric Cues Alter Perceptions of Romantic Partners and Relationships." PLOS ONE 11, no. 5 (2016): e0155943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155943.

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39

Quinn, Sheila O'Brien. "Credibility, respectability, suggestibility, and spirit travel: Lurena Brackett and animal magnetism." History of Psychology 15, no. 3 (2012): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0025532.

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40

Faivre, Antoine. "“Éloquence magique”, ou descriptions des mondes de l'au-delà explorés par le magnétisme animal: Au carrefour de la Naturphilosophie romantique et de la théosophie chrétienne (première moitié du XIXème siècle) “Magic Eloquence”, or Descriptions of the Worlds of the Beyond Explored by Animal Magnetism: At the Crossroad of Romantic Naturphilosophie and Christian Theosophy (first half of the 19th century)." Aries 8, no. 2 (2008): 191–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156798908x327339.

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AbstractThe article opens with a distinction between three kinds of “clairvoyance” phenomena. 1) A faculty of seeing/hearing things which are normally outside the reach of the clairvoyant's five senses (like being able to read sentences from a book although it is closed), but which do not extend beyond the domain of our common reality. 2) A “higher” faculty, which consists in seeing/hearing entities like spirits of the dead, angels, demons, etc., and occasionally in having a personal contact with them. 3) A “highest” faculty, of a noetic (“gnostic”) character, which extends beyond the first two and consists in being able to have acess to some sorts of “ultimate realities”: the visions thus imparted to the subject bear on ontological mysteries that concern, for example, the divine world, the cosmos, the hidden sides of Nature, etc. The author bestows the name “magic eloquence” on the narratives of visions pertaining to that third kind of clairvoyance, which are documented in the literature of Christian theosophy (see Jacob Boehme's and Swedenborg' vivions, for instance) and of animal magnetism. After presenting a few examples of magic eloquence chosen in the literature of animal magnetism in the first half of the 19the century, the article discusses the interpretations thereof put forward in the same period by a number of representatives of some German romantic Naturphilosophen who were both interested in animal magnetism and influenced by Christian theosophy. Their interpretations were based, on the one hand, upon the theosophical version of the myth of Fall and Reintegration; on the other hand, upon the “traditional” tripartition spirit/soul/body. On that basis, they constructed a series of heuristic tools successively, around notions like “ethereal light-substance”, “ganglionic system”, and Nervengeist. In the latter, they eventually came to see the cornerstone of the “physicopsycho-spiritual” structure (made of five constitutive elements) of the human being as they imagined it. Moreover, if considered as such, the Nervengeist appears to be the key for understanding the physico-spiritual procedures that undergird the production of magic eloquence. Finally, after presenting a few relevant examples in the literature of fiction inspired by animal magnetism, and some considerations devoted to the continuation of magical eloquence in later spiritual movements, the article draws a parallel between two anthropological “constructs” of the “soul” – namely, by the Naturphilosophie discussed above; and by psychoanalysis.
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Quinn, Sheila O'Brien. "How Southern New England became magnetic north: The acceptance of animal magnetism." History of Psychology 10, no. 3 (2007): 231–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1093-4510.10.3.231.

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42

Mostafa, Harby. "Influence of magnetised irrigation water on the fertigation process and potato productivity." Research in Agricultural Engineering 66, No. 2 (2020): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1/2020-rae.

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An experiment was conducted for two seasons on a farm in the Mit Kenana village, Qalyobia, Egypt. The aim was to study the influence of a magnetised water technology on the fertilisers during irrigation (fertigation) and its impact on the water, soil as well as the yield and yield components for potatoes. The experiment included: Normal water (NM), magnetic water (MW), adding fertiliser before (FMW) and after magnetism (MWF). The results indicated that irrigation with magnetised water and then adding fertiliser (MWF) had a positive significant effect on the water and soil properties, the tuber engineering parameters improved and the potato productivity increased by 40.5% higher than the NM method.<br />The fertigation unit has to be installed after the magnetic device because the direct magnetisation of the water with the fertilisers contributes to the cracking and increases the solubility of the fertilisers that may lead to the possibility of leaching some of them away from the roots, which implies losing some of them and, therefore, decreasing the effectiveness of the fertilisers
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43

Goodman, G., R. R. Poznanski, L. A. Cacha, and D. Bercovich. "Geomagnetism came first: Implications for animal translocation and the two-brains hypothesis." Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience 1, no. 1 (2022): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.56280/1580132048.

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The relevance of the Two-Brains Hypothesis for induction between peripheral Schwann cells and their axon hosts and for intra- and trans-cranial bioengineering at the humanrobotics interface is accompanied by particular attention to its significance for a biological wonder: the involvement of geomagnetism in avian directional behavior in migration, homing and navigation. Two sources of magnetism are considered here. The simpler is the polar (compass) direction, long reported as resulting in some birds in a manner unknown from the presence of magnetite (Fe3O4) in the avian ethmoid region. The second is certain chemical reactions that respond to applied magnetic fields. These usually involve radicals, molecules with unpaired electrons that spin in one of two possible states. A radicalpair mechanism, a light-dependent, chemical initiation of magnetic orientation, has been considered responsive to the axial inclination of the field in relation to Earth's field, but not to its polarity. The initiation is by optic but nonvisually responsive cellular absorption of a photon of a specific wavelength. Radical pairs are short-lived and must be correctly aligned in the host receptors for directional sensitivity. The firmest evidence for the radical-pair theory of magneto-reception in birds remains the cryptochromes, the blue-light absorbing flavoproteins, but the receptor molecule has not been identified yet. Subjective thought and consciousness are also unexplained in birds, as in humans and animals. However, the novel, structured dichotomy of the Two-Brains Hypothesis may provide a fresh, biophysical approach to the connection between geomagnetism, life and the evolution of vertebrate translocation without recourse to philosophy or a universe expanding beyond imagination.
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Orr, Yancey. "Animal Magnetism: Perceiving Environmental Objects as Social Subjects among Balinese Looking at Roosters." Visual Anthropology 28, no. 2 (2015): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08949468.2015.996498.

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45

Mancini, Silvia, and Juliet Vale. "Animal Magnetism and Psychic Sciences, 1784-1935: The Rediscovery of a Lost Continent." Diogenes 48, no. 190 (2000): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039219210004819008.

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Malhotra, Dhiraj Kumar, and Sonia Bansal. "Magnetism of WhatsApp among veterinary students." Electronic Library 35, no. 6 (2017): 1259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-04-2016-0086.

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Purpose Instant messaging (IM) apps like WhatsApp have given an impetus to rapid sharing of information through multimedia messages in this information age and their clear impact has been noticed in the academic sector. The present study is conducted with the aim to understand the magnetism of WhatsApp among veterinary students. The major purpose of the study is to analyse the use of WhatsApp for academic proposes with a special emphasis on its impact on studies. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from students of Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU) using questionnaires as a tool. Questionnaires were randomly distributed among 100 postgraduate (PG) and 100 undergraduate (UG) students. In total, 78 PG and 77 UG students responded to the survey. Findings More than 90 per cent of the students were using WhatsApp for academic purposes. More UG students were using WhatsApp to chat, share images/videos and so forth for academic purposes as compared to PG students. Nearly two-thirds of the students admitted that addiction to using WhatsApp diverted attention from doing any other kind of activity. More than 75 per cent of the users were using WhatsApp while studying at their home or hostel. About 28 per cent of the students said that the use of WhatsApp had affected their studies, and more than 60 per cent of these students noticed a positive effect. Originality/value WhatsApp increases knowledge sharing, leading to enhanced creativity. Thus, WhatsApp can contribute significantly to the academic community by users consciously controlling its use and not allowing its addictive nature to divert attention from their studies.
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Mathew, V. M. "Hypnosis in psychiatry." Psychiatric Bulletin 17, no. 4 (1993): 202–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.17.4.202.

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This paper aims to give a very brief outline of the vast subject of hypnosis in the context of psychiatry. The word hypnosis, which was derived from Hypnos meaning the God of sleep, has long been associated with magical practices, superstition, witchcraft, occult and many other esoteric practices. The forerunner of hypnosis was the theory of animal magnetism proposed by Franz Anton Mesmer in the 1770s. He began to experiment with magnetic metals and gradually elaborated the theory of animal magnetism. According to Mesmer, a magnetic fluid spread throughout the entire universe and its disturbed balance in the human body resulted in illness. He claimed that a beneficial magnetic fluid could be transmitted from one subject to another by ‘passes’. Braid (1843) refuted the fluidist theory, since according to him hypnosis could be induced by visual fixation. He believed the condition to be a form of sleep and called the technique neurypnology, later to become hypnology and hypnosis. Liebeault (1866) for the first time used verbal suggestion to induce hypnosis. Bernheim stated that “There is no such thing as hypnotism, there is only suggestibility”, and concluded that suggestibility was the process by which the brain “accepts the idea and transforms it into action”.
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Segala, Marco. "Électricité animale, magnétisme animal, galvanisme universel : À la recherche de l'identité entre l'homme et la nature / Animal electricity, animal magnetism, universal galvanism : In search of universal harmony between man and nature." Revue d'histoire des sciences 54, no. 1 (2001): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rhs.2001.2109.

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Manson, Deborah. ""The Trance of the Ecstatica": Margaret Fuller, Animal Magnetism, and the Transcendent Female Body." Literature and Medicine 25, no. 2 (2006): 298–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lm.2007.0020.

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50

Franklin, Benjamin, Majault, Le Roy, et al. "Report of the commissioners charged by the king with the examination of animal magnetism." International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis 50, no. 4 (2002): 332–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207140208410109.

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