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1
Friedenberg, Steven Gene. "The role of mitochondrial DAMPs on the inflammatory response in an in vitro model of canine SIRS." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1365174635.
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Deikun, Larissa Loryn. "The Health and Growth of Veal Calves Provided a Fatty Acid Supplement and a Dry Teat." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563380406594548.
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Ward, Michael Patrick. "Modern analytical epidemiologic methods for infectious disease studies in animal health." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28974.
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Epidemiology is both a new and an old discipline. Many definitions of epidemiology exist; a broad
and inclusive definition is “the study of diseases in populations”. Epidemiologists strive to
understand how and why diseases are distributed in populations of animals or humans.
In human prehistory, diseases were thought to be caused by demons, divine wrath or metaphysics.
Shaman (“healers”) were responsible for preventing illness and curing the sick and injured. These
influential members of prehistoric societies would hold multiple roles: healers, magicians, rulers or
priests. In ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome, the concepts of disease—causing humours and contagion
were developed. Hippocrates was the founder of the concept ofphysis, in which the human being
was considered as an organic whole. The environment was thought to influence the whole body, and
the outward appearance of the patient (symptoms) might be caused by disease. There was an
emphasis on observation, which led to disease diagnosis and treatment. The four humours (blood,
yellow bile, black bile and phlegm) were linked to elements, qualities and seasons: earth
(dryness/autumn), air (coldness, winter), fire (heat, summer) and water (wetness, spring).
The environmental tradition of disease causation prompted a focus on clean water, sewage, and
housing reforms in industrialized Europe to control disease. It also involved the use of statistics and
analytical approaches. However, in the early 19th centaury, the ideas of contagion advanced by
Fracastoro replaced those of Hippocrates, in which environment was the influential force. The reemergence
of the “germ” theory in the mid-19th century (for example, Pasteur’s elucidation of the
mechanisms of infection, and Koch’s identification of the cause oftuberculosis) meant that diseases
now were defined by their etiologic agent. Koch proposed a set of postulates that could be used to
determine if an agent caused a disease.
The widespread adoption of Koch’s postulates resulted in an emphasis on the etiology of each
disease, and set the scene for major human triumphs: the development of synthetic antimalarial
drugs (19205), sulfonamides (19305) and penicillin (19405), the widespread use of vaccines, and
laboratory—focused control. Koch’s postulates precluded the use of statistical approaches and
probability theory.
However, Koch’s postulates did not always provide a solution; there was a problem. For example,
“an agent should be the unique and sufficient cause of an infectious disease”. This is rarely the case
for non-infectious diseases. In response, Hill introduced a new set of criteria in 1965: consistency,
strength, dose response, specificity, temporal relationship and coherence. This broadened View of
causation (“multicasuality”) has now been extended to infectious diseases: an infectious disease is
caused by factors, of which the agent is a necessary cause but other factors are required before there
is a sufficient cause. This realization has prompted the development of analytical epidemiology.
4
Kissenpfennig, Adrien Nicolas. "PrP gene regulation in normal and transgenic animals." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267442.
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Coelho, Willian Marinho Dourado [UNESP]. "Detecção molecular e subtipagem de Cryptosporidium spp. em caprinos, ovinos, bovinos, leitões e eqüinos jovens." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103796.
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A criptosporidiose é uma doença entérica grave, economicamente significante, caracterizada principalmente por desordens intestinais, podendo ocasionar manifestações clínicas variadas e eventual mortalidade, principalmente em animais jovens. Este estudo objetivou detectar molecularmente genótipos e subgenótipos de Cryptosporidium spp. em fezes de cabritos provenientes dos Estados de Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais e São Paulo, Brasil. Amostras fecais foram colhidas diretamente do reto de 192 cabritos de diferentes raças, machos e fêmeas, com até doze meses de idade. Adicionalmente, foram analisadas amostras fecais de ovinos, bovinos, suínos e eqüinos jovens. A eliminação de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. foi observada por meio das técnicas de Sheather e Kinyoun, seguindo-se a micrometragem dos oocistos com ocular de campo amplo micrométrica 10x (Bioval®) em aumento microscópico de 400 e 1000x. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foi realizada para amplificação dos fragmentos dos genes da subunidade 18S do rRNA e da glicoproteína GP60. Presença de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. foram observados pela análise microscópica em 11,45% (22/192) das amostras analisadas. Amplificação gênica positiva para Cryptosporidium foi demonstrada em 16,66% (32/192) destas amostras. Com o sequenciamento dos produtos da PCR do gene 18S rRNA, todas as amostras foram identificadas como Cryptosporidium parvum. Por meio da subgenotipagem com o sequenciamento do gene GP60, foi encontrado exclusivamente o subgenótipo de C. parvum IIaA15G2R1. Através dos resultados obtidos, pode-se inferir que a infecção por C. parvum está presente em rebanhos caprinos de diferentes Estados brasileiros podendo, esta espécie animal, atuar como uma importante fonte de infecção do subtipo zoonótico de Cryptosporidium para outras espécies animais, em especial para o ser humano
Cryptosporidiosis is a serious enteric disease, economically significant, mainly characterized by intestinal disorders, may cause various clinical manifestations and eventual mortality, especially in young animals. This study aimed to detect and molecularly genotypes and subgenotypes of Cryptosporidium spp. in feces of goat kids from the states of Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais and São Paulo, Brazil. Fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of 192 goat kids of different breeds, males and females, with up to twelve months old. Additionally, were analyzed fecal samples from cattle, sheep, pigs and young horses. The elimination of oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. was observed using the Sheather and Kinyoun techniques, followed by micrometric analysis with ocular micrometer wide-field 10x (Bioval ®) in increase from 400 and 1000x. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify fragments of genes of the subunit 18S rRNA and glycoprotein GP60. Presence of Cryptosporidium spp. was observed by microscopic examination in 11.45% (22/192) of the samples. Gene amplification for Cryptosporidium was demonstrated in 16.66% (32/192) of these samples. With the sequencing of the PCR products of 18S rRNA gene, all samples were identified as Cryptosporidium parvum. Through of subgenotyping with sequencing of GP60 gene was found exclusively the subtype of C. parvum IIaA15G2R1. By the results obtained, it can be inferred that infection with C. parvum is present in goat kids in different brazilian states may, this animal species act as an important source of infection with zoonotic subtype of Cryptosporidium to other animal species, especially for humans
6
Hodges, Heather Napualani. "Fig : A List Of Eight Unclean Animals." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1854.
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This lyrical narrative charts the particularities of a childhood. A mind that is preoccupied with how to negotiate loss; the fear of a family sickness waking up. This piece is arranged with section titles that are designed to give an episodic feel. Each serves as a different method of entering into loss.
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Li, Yihang Kaltenboeck Bernhard. "Therapeutic vaccines against chlamydial diseases." Auburn, Ala., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1417.
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Coelho, Willian Marinho Dourado. "Detecção molecular e subtipagem de Cryptosporidium spp. em caprinos, ovinos, bovinos, leitões e eqüinos jovens /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103796.
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Orientador: Katia Denise Saraiva BrescianiCoorientador: Marcelo Vasconcelos Meireles
Banca: Luiz Eduardo Corrêa Fonseca
Banca: Adjair Antonio do Nascimento
Banca: Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes
Banca: Luiz Augusto do Amaral
Resumo: A criptosporidiose é uma doença entérica grave, economicamente significante, caracterizada principalmente por desordens intestinais, podendo ocasionar manifestações clínicas variadas e eventual mortalidade, principalmente em animais jovens. Este estudo objetivou detectar molecularmente genótipos e subgenótipos de Cryptosporidium spp. em fezes de cabritos provenientes dos Estados de Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais e São Paulo, Brasil. Amostras fecais foram colhidas diretamente do reto de 192 cabritos de diferentes raças, machos e fêmeas, com até doze meses de idade. Adicionalmente, foram analisadas amostras fecais de ovinos, bovinos, suínos e eqüinos jovens. A eliminação de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. foi observada por meio das técnicas de Sheather e Kinyoun, seguindo-se a micrometragem dos oocistos com ocular de campo amplo micrométrica 10x (Bioval®) em aumento microscópico de 400 e 1000x. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foi realizada para amplificação dos fragmentos dos genes da subunidade 18S do rRNA e da glicoproteína GP60. Presença de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. foram observados pela análise microscópica em 11,45% (22/192) das amostras analisadas. Amplificação gênica positiva para Cryptosporidium foi demonstrada em 16,66% (32/192) destas amostras. Com o sequenciamento dos produtos da PCR do gene 18S rRNA, todas as amostras foram identificadas como Cryptosporidium parvum. Por meio da subgenotipagem com o sequenciamento do gene GP60, foi encontrado exclusivamente o subgenótipo de C. parvum IIaA15G2R1. Através dos resultados obtidos, pode-se inferir que a infecção por C. parvum está presente em rebanhos caprinos de diferentes Estados brasileiros podendo, esta espécie animal, atuar como uma importante fonte de infecção do subtipo zoonótico de Cryptosporidium para outras espécies animais, em especial para o ser humano
Abstract: Cryptosporidiosis is a serious enteric disease, economically significant, mainly characterized by intestinal disorders, may cause various clinical manifestations and eventual mortality, especially in young animals. This study aimed to detect and molecularly genotypes and subgenotypes of Cryptosporidium spp. in feces of goat kids from the states of Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais and São Paulo, Brazil. Fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of 192 goat kids of different breeds, males and females, with up to twelve months old. Additionally, were analyzed fecal samples from cattle, sheep, pigs and young horses. The elimination of oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. was observed using the Sheather and Kinyoun techniques, followed by micrometric analysis with ocular micrometer wide-field 10x (Bioval ®) in increase from 400 and 1000x. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify fragments of genes of the subunit 18S rRNA and glycoprotein GP60. Presence of Cryptosporidium spp. was observed by microscopic examination in 11.45% (22/192) of the samples. Gene amplification for Cryptosporidium was demonstrated in 16.66% (32/192) of these samples. With the sequencing of the PCR products of 18S rRNA gene, all samples were identified as Cryptosporidium parvum. Through of subgenotyping with sequencing of GP60 gene was found exclusively the subtype of C. parvum IIaA15G2R1. By the results obtained, it can be inferred that infection with C. parvum is present in goat kids in different brazilian states may, this animal species act as an important source of infection with zoonotic subtype of Cryptosporidium to other animal species, especially for humans
Doutor
9
White, Joanna D. "Investigations into feline chronic kidney disease." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28931.
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is arguably the most common disease of older cats. A disproportionate number of
younger, male cats with CKD was identified among a cohort of cats with CKD and was hypothesised to be due to
membranous glomerulopathy or an FIV associated nephropathy. Examination of epidemiologic, histologic,
immunohistologic and survival data revealed an association between the presence of CKD and FIV infection among
young cats and an adverse effect of FIV infection on survival among cats with CKD, but no specific histological
changes were seen among FIV positive cats.
Glomerulopathies were identified among 16% of cats with CKD but more female than male cats were diagnosed
with glomerulopathies and proliferative rather than membranous glomerulopathies were diagnosed more commonly.
' While glomerulopathies are the cause of CKD in a proportion of cats, membranous glomerulopathy is unlikely to be
the predominant glomerulopathy and more work is required to define the both the pathophysiology and histology of
feline glomerulopathies. A novel familial glomerulopathy was identified among young Abyssinian cats which was
characterised by the presence of haematuria. Ultrastructural and immunhistochemical studies will be required to
further characterise these glomerulopathies.
Routine histologic examination of 95 cats with kidney disease confirmed the results of earlier studies regarding the
proportions of cats with CKD with glomerulopathies, chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) and pyelonephritis. A
new observation was the significant number of cats had pathologic changes in the inner medulla and renal crest
including necrosis and epithelial dysplasia.
Bacteriuria was common among cats with CKD, in particular among older, female cats. There was no association
between a positive urine culture and disease severity, assessed by creatinine concentration, and a treated episode of
bacteriuria had no adverse influence on survival. Bacteria were infrequently identified in cats with neutrophilic TIN,
including cats with a histologic diagnosis consistent with pyelonephritis. Further work is required to distinguish cats
with asymptomatic bacteriuria from those with urinary tract infections and at risk of pyelonephritis. In addition,
causes of neutrophilic TIN other than bacterial infection should be evaluated.
10
Le, Roex Nikki. "Host genetic factors in susceptibility to mycobacterial disease in the African buffalo, Syncerus caffer." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86750.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a chronic, infectious disease found in domestic livestock and wildlife, and has serious biodiversity, economic and public health implications. African buffalo act as a wildlife reservoir of BTB, maintaining and transmitting the disease within the environment. The research presented in this thesis addresses the role of host genetic variation in resistance to BTB infection in African buffalo, and reviews the possible practical application of such information. Annual BTB prevalence within the African buffalo population in Hluhluwe iMfolozi Park, South Africa, was evaluated over a seven year period in order to define the extent of M. bovis infection. Prevalence changes over time suggest that the test and cull operation currently in place is performing successfully with respect to the original aims of the programme. A review of genetic studies of BTB in livestock and wildlife collated previous findings in this field and provided a collection of possible candidate genes and variants. It also highlighted a lack of research in wildlife, and the limitations of working with species with insufficient genetic data. To overcome the absence of whole-genome data, next-generation sequencing was performed on nine African buffalo, in order to identify novel genetic variants in this species. Upwards of 76 000 novel SNPs within gene regions were identified, and subsequent fluorescent genotyping of 173 SNPs showed a 57% validation rate. From the validated set, 69 SNPs located in genes related to the immune system were selected for association testing with BTB status in African buffalo, and were fluorescently genotyped in 868 individuals. Three SNPs, in the Solute Carrier family 7, member A13 (SLC7A13), Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumour-1 (DMBT1) and Interleukin 1 alpha (IL1α) genes, were identified as significantly associated with BTB status. Very little sequence information of the NRAMP1 (SLC11A1) gene was obtained from the next-generation sequencing performed, and this gene has been associated with brucellosis, salmonella and paratuberculosis in other animal species, making it an excellent candidate for BTB resistance. To characterise this gene in African buffalo, Sanger sequencing was performed to generate the complete coding region, and partially sequence the 5’UTR, intronic and 3’UTR regions. Fifteen novel polymorphisms and three microsatellites were identified within the gene. Finally, a review was prepared to assess the applicability of genetic information on BTB resistance to selective breeding programmes for African buffalo. Phenotypic, marker-assisted and genomic breeding strategies were discussed, with particular emphasis on their suitability to African buffalo. Identifying genes and variants involved in BTB resistance in African buffalo provides potential targets for drug or vaccine development, as well as information that could be incorporated into selective breeding programmes. This may support new management options for controlling the BTB epidemic in the game parks of South Africa, as an alternative to, or in conjunction with, lethal control
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Beestuberkulose (BTB) is ‘n chroniese, aansteeklike siekte wat in vee en wild voorkom en wat ernstige gevolge vir die ekonomie, biodiversiteit en openbare gesondheid inhou. Die Kaap-buffel is ‘n wild reservoir vir BTB wat die siekte onderhou en versprei in die omgewing. Die navorsing wat in hierdie tesis aangebied word fokus op die rol van gasheer genetiese variasie in die weerstand teen BTB infeksie in Kaap-buffels en gee ‘n oorsig van die moontlike praktiese toepassing van die resultate. Die jaarlikse BTB voorkomsyfer in die Kaap-buffel bevolking in die Hluhluwe iMfolozi Park in Suid-Afrika is oor ‘n tydperk van sewe jaar geëvalueer om die omvang van M. bovis infeksie te bepaal. Die verandering in voorkomsyfer oor tyd dui daarop dat die toets-en-slag operasie wat tans gebruik word die oorspronklike doelwitte van die program suksesvol bereik. ‘n Oorsig en vergelyking van vorige genetiese studies van BTB in vee en wild het ‘n versameling van moontlike kandidaatgene en –variante verskaf. Dit het ook die gebrek aan navorsing in wildediere uitgewys en die navorsingsbeperkinge wanneer ‘n spesie met onvoldoende genetiese data bestudeer word benadruk. Aangesien daar nie heel genoom data beskikbaar is nie, is volgende-generasie volgordebepaling van 9 Kaap-buffels gedoen om nuwe genetiese variasies in hierdie spesie te identifiseer. Meer as 76 000 nuwe enkel-nukleotied polimorfismes (ENPs) binne geen-areas is geïdentifiseer en die daaropvolgende genotipering van 173 ENPs het ‘n bevestigingskoers van 57% gehad. Vanuit die bevestigde stel ENPs is 69 gekies vir assosiasietoetse met BTB status in die Kaap-buffel en genotipering van 868 individue is gedoen. Drie ENPs, in die Solute Carrier family 7, member A13 (SLC7A13), Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumour-1 (DMBT1) en Interleukin 1 alpha (IL1α) gene, was beduidend geassosieer met BTB status. Baie min volgorde inligting van die NRAMP1 (SLC11A1) geen is verkry uit die volgende-generasie volgordebepaling. Aangesien hierdie geen voorheen met brucellose, salmonella en paratuberkulose in ander dierespesies geassosieer is, is dit ‘n uitstekende kandidaat vir BTB weerstand. Hierdie geen is in Kaap-buffels gekarakteriseer deur Sanger volgordebepaling van die volledige koderende, gedeeltelike 5’UTR, introniese en 3’UTR areas te doen. Vyftien nuwe polimorfismes en drie mikrosatelliete is geïdentifiseer. Ten slotte is ‘n oorsigstudie gedoen om die toepaslikheid van BTB genetiese weerstandsdata in selektiewe telingsprogramme van Kaap-buffels te evalueer. Fenotipiese, merkerbemiddelde en genomiese teling strategieë is bespreek, met spesifieke klem op die geskiktheid van die metodes vir Kaap-buffels. Identifisering van gene en variante wat betrokke is by BTB weerstand in die Kaap-buffel bied potensiële teikens vir medikasie of entstof ontwikkeling, sowel as inligting wat in selektiewe telingsprogramme gebruik kan word. Dit kan nuwe bestuursopsies vir die beheer van die BTB-epidemie in die parke van Suid-Afrika bied as 'n alternatief vir, of in samewerking met, dodelike beheermetodes.
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Borsetto, Antonella <1977>. "Hepatobiliary diseases in small animals: a comparison of ultrasonography and multidetector-row computed tomography." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3492/1/borsetto_antonella_tesi.pdf.
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Ultrasonography (US) is an essential imaging tool for identifying abnormalities of the liver parenchyma, biliary tract and vascular system. US has replaced radiography as the initial imaging procedure in screening for liver disease in small animals. There are few reports of the use of conventional and helical computed tomography (CT) to assess canine or feline parenchymal and neoplastic liver disease and biliary disorders. In human medicine the development of multidetector- row helical computed tomography (MDCT), with its superior spatial and temporal resolution, has resulted in improved detection and characterization of diffuse and focal liver lesions. The increased availability of MDCT in veterinary practice provides incentive to develop MDCT protocols for liver imaging in small animals. The purpose of this study is to assess the rule of MDCT in the characterization of hepatobiliary diseases in small animals; and to compare this method with conventional US. Candidates for this prospective study were 175 consecutive patients (dogs and cats) referred for evaluation of hepatobiliary disease. The patients underwent liver US and MDCT. Percutaneous needle biopsy was performed on all liver lesions or alterations encountered. As for gallbladder, histopatological evaluation was obtained from cholecystectomy specimens. Ultrasonographic findings in this study agreed well with those of previous reports. A protocol for dual-phase liver MDCT in small animals has been described. MDCT findings in parenchymal disorders of the liver, hepatic neoplasia and biliary disorders are here first described in dogs and cats and compared with the corresponding features in human medicine. The ability of MDCT in detection and characterization of hepatobiliary diseases in small animals is overall superior to conventional US. Ultrasonography and MDCT scanning, however, play complementary rules in the evaluation of these diseases. Many conditions have distinctive imaging features that may permit diagnosis. In most instances biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis.
12
Borsetto, Antonella <1977>. "Hepatobiliary diseases in small animals: a comparison of ultrasonography and multidetector-row computed tomography." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3492/.
Full textAbstract:
Ultrasonography (US) is an essential imaging tool for identifying abnormalities of the liver parenchyma, biliary tract and vascular system. US has replaced radiography as the initial imaging procedure in screening for liver disease in small animals. There are few reports of the use of conventional and helical computed tomography (CT) to assess canine or feline parenchymal and neoplastic liver disease and biliary disorders. In human medicine the development of multidetector- row helical computed tomography (MDCT), with its superior spatial and temporal resolution, has resulted in improved detection and characterization of diffuse and focal liver lesions. The increased availability of MDCT in veterinary practice provides incentive to develop MDCT protocols for liver imaging in small animals. The purpose of this study is to assess the rule of MDCT in the characterization of hepatobiliary diseases in small animals; and to compare this method with conventional US. Candidates for this prospective study were 175 consecutive patients (dogs and cats) referred for evaluation of hepatobiliary disease. The patients underwent liver US and MDCT. Percutaneous needle biopsy was performed on all liver lesions or alterations encountered. As for gallbladder, histopatological evaluation was obtained from cholecystectomy specimens. Ultrasonographic findings in this study agreed well with those of previous reports. A protocol for dual-phase liver MDCT in small animals has been described. MDCT findings in parenchymal disorders of the liver, hepatic neoplasia and biliary disorders are here first described in dogs and cats and compared with the corresponding features in human medicine. The ability of MDCT in detection and characterization of hepatobiliary diseases in small animals is overall superior to conventional US. Ultrasonography and MDCT scanning, however, play complementary rules in the evaluation of these diseases. Many conditions have distinctive imaging features that may permit diagnosis. In most instances biopsy is required for definitive diagnosis.
13
MEAZZI, SARA. "THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN HOST DEFENSES AND SYSTEMIC PATHOGENS IN PROMOTING DISEASES OF COMPANION ANIMALS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/709076.
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Il microbiota intestinale (insieme dei microrganismi che si trovano all’interno dell’apparato gastroenterico) svolge diverse funzioni e, tra queste, di particolare interesse è il suo rapporto con il sistema immunitario. Infatti, diversi studi hanno evidenziato la presenza di disbiosi non solo in corso di patologie gastroenteriche, ma anche autoimmuni ed infettive. Gli studi in medicina veterinaria sull’argomento sono ancora pochi e proprio per questo motivo, all’interno di questo progetto, è stato scelto di indagare la possibile relazione tra il microbiota intestinale e due particolari patologie infettive (la peritonite infettiva felina -FIP- e la leishmaniosi canina) la cui patogenesi è fortemente influenzata dal tipo di risposta immunitaria sviluppata dall’ospite. Gli scopi di questo progetto sono quindi stati: la valutazione del microbiota intestinale in gatti affetti o meno da FIP (studio I). Dal momento che diagnosi in vivo di FIP risulta spesso difficoltosa, è stato valutato il potenziale, come biomarker di FIP, della paraoxonasi-1, una proteina di fase acuta negativa fortemente influenzata da importanti stati ossidativi (studi II e III). Per lo stesso motivo è stata valutata la correlazione tra le performance diagnostiche di istopatologia, immunoistochimica e RT-PCR su differenti organi (studio IV). Infine, è stata indagata la composizione del microbiota intestinale in cani infetti o meno da Leishmania spp., correlando i risultati ottenuti con le differenti popolazioni leucocitarie valutate mediante citofluorimetria (studi V e VI). I risultati ottenuti da questo progetto hanno fornito delle indicazioni preliminari sulla composizione del microbiota intestinale in gatti affetti da FIP o positivi per Coronavirus, che necessitano però un approfondimento su un gruppo di studio più ampio (studio I). È stato possibile determinare gli intervalli di riferimento della paraoxonasi-1 nel gatto ed evidenziare le sue buone performance come marker diagnostico in corso di FIP (studi II e III). Nonostante l’immunoistochimica rimanga il gold standard per la diagnosi di FIP, l’associazione con RT-PCR potrebbe ridurre gli errori diagnostici, vista la buona correlazione tra le due metodiche (studio IV). Infine, la valutazione della composizione del microbiota e delle popolazioni leucocitarie in cani affetti da leishmaniosi ha messo in luce delle differenze significative sia rispetto ai cani sani, che agli esposti asintomatici. Questi risultati sono incoraggianti e possono fungere da punto di partenza per ulteriori indagini (studi V e VI).The gut microbiota (consortium of all the microorganisms that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract) plays different roles in the host. Among these, its relationship with the immune system has been of great interest in the last few years. Indeed, several studies highlight the presence of dysbiosis not only in gastrointestinal diseases, but also during autoimmune or infectious diseases. Literature about this topic is scarce in veterinary medicine. Thus, in this project, the possible relationship between gut microbiota and two specific diseases (feline infectious peritonis -FIP- and canine leishmaniasis) was investigated. These diseases were chosen due to the pivotal role of the immune response in their pathogenesis. The aims of this projects were: the evaluation of gut microbiota of cats with and without FIP (study I). Since in vivo diagnosis of FIP is quite challenging, the potential role of paroxonase-1 (a negative acute phase protein strongly influenced by oxidation) as a biomarker of FIP was investigated (studies II-III). For the same reason, the diagnostic agreement among histopathology, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR on different organs was evaluated (study IV). Finally, the gut microbiota composition in dogs infected or not by Leishmania spp. was investigated. The results were correlated with the leukocyte populations studied by flow cytometry (studies V-VI). Results obtained in this project provided preliminary data about gut microbiota composition in cats affected by FIP or only Coronavirus positive. This achievement needs to be further investigated on a bigger sample size (study I). Paraoxonase-1 reference interval and its good performance as a diagnostic biomarker of FIP were determined (studies II-III). Despite the immunohistochemistry is still the gold standard for FIP diagnosis, the good diagnostic agreement obtained in the study suggested that a possible association with RT-PCR could minimize diagnostic errors (study IV). Finally, the gut microbiota composition and leukocyte populations of leishmaniotic dogs highlighted some significant differences compared with both healthy and exposed asymptomatic dogs. These promising results could be a starting point for further researches (studies V-VI).
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Teschke, Miriam. "Prävalenz von Arcobacter spp. in Puten- und Schweinefleisch aus dem Berliner Einzelhandel und Vergleich von drei kulturellen Arcobacter-Nachweisverfahren /." Berlin : Mbv, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990056414/04.
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Stauffer, Jill M. "Evidence of canine infections with spotted fever-group rickettsiae in southwestern and east central Indiana." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/546135.
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A serosurvey was conducted to determine rickettsial infection rates in dogs from two distinct areas in Indiana. Sera were collected from dogs and tested for the presence of antibodies to R. rickettsii, R. montana, R. rhipicephali, and R. bellii using the micro-immunofluoresence test. Results from this study indicate an association between canine and human rickettsial infections. Dogs in southwestern Indiana were found to have significantly higher rickettsial infection rather than those in east central Indiana. Human RMSF cases have also been reported more frequently from southern Indiana.All rickettsial species were detected at some level, with many dogs reacting to more than one antigen Evidence suggests that R. montana is the predominant rickettsial species in Indiana. In addition, indicative of a more suitable tick habitat, dogs sampled from rural areas were seropositive more frequently than the urban/suburban dogs. This study suggests that dogs are exposed to the same tick population as humans and can serve as indicators of the presence of rickettsial agents. Indiana residents should be aware of the potential for RMSF transmission throughout the state.Department of Physiology and Health Science
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Loeffler, Anette. "Epidemiological and genetic investigations of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in companion animals." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558972.
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The hypotheses challenged in this project were (1) people are the source for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in pets, (2) risk factors for MRSA infection and carriage mirror those described in humans, (3) S. aureus continues to evolve on animals, (4) MRSA is carried by a substantial number of companion animals and (5) pets can be a reservoir for MRSA. Risk factors for MRSA pet infection were determined in a UK-wide case-control study enrolling dogs and cats with S. aureus infection (138 MRSA; 122 MSSA), their veterinary staff and owners. MRSA were typed and 12 paired human-animal isolates were compared by whole genome microarrays. MRSA carriage was examined in selected populations of dogs, cats and horses (n=1692) in the Greater London area and dog-to-dog transmission of MRSA was examined during an outbreak in a rescue kennel. Key findings were (a) an occupational risk for MRSA carriage in UK first opinion veterinary staff (9%), (b) antimicrobial therapy, surgery and admission to veterinary hospitals as major risk factors for pet MRSA infection; (c) human healthcareassociated lineages predominated amongst animals but (d) host-specific variation occurred within the same lineage, (e) MRSA carriage in the studied animal populations was low «1.5%), (f) "classical" risk factors were not involved in animal carriage but co-carriage of other staphylococci was protective against MRSA, (g) decolonisation occurred naturally and (h) dog-to-dog transmission was not observed. MRSA ST398 was identified from one horse, the first isolation from an animal in the UK. These findings support the concept that pets acquire MRSA primarily from people but are unlikely natural hosts for healthcare-associated MRSA. Therefore, rigorous personal and environmental hygiene combined with conscientious use of antimicrobial agents should be highly effective in veterinary clinics. Bacterial interference should be further investigated as a preventative measure. Vigilance is warranted as new strains may evolve on and spread between companion animals.
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雷志鵬 and Chi-pang Lui. "Nutritional zinc-deficiency and nitrosamine-induced carcinogenesis in the rat." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31207820.
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Lui, Chi-pang. "Nutritional zinc-deficiency and nitrosamine-induced carcinogenesis in the rat /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12326550.
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Saad, M. Z. "In vitro and in vivo studies on Chlamydia psittaci (ovis) infection." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380157.
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Swenson, Lennart. "Population studies on genetic diseases in the dog /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2001. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2001/91-576-5822-6.pdf.
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Bagchi, Tamishraha. "Immune mechanisms in murine brucellosis : studies with strain RB51, a rough mutant of Brucella abortus /." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09162005-115020/.
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Punyapornwithaya, Veerasak. "Molecular epidemiology of mycoplasma mastitis outbreak." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2010/v_punyapornwithaya_042110.pdf.
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Crockford, Melanie. "Partial characterisation of pilchard herpesvirus and the associated disease in pilchards." Thesis, Crockford, Melanie (2007) Partial characterisation of pilchard herpesvirus and the associated disease in pilchards. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/445/.
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In 1995 and again in 1998, millions of pilchards (Sardinops sagax neopilchardus) were found dead or dying off the coast of Australia and also in New Zealand. The epizootics moved progressively, at a rapid speed against the prevailing currents. A previously unrecognised herpesvirus, Pilchard herpesvirus (PHV), was identified as the causative agent.
Until recently, rapid and sensitive methods to detect PHV were not available and based on a previously identified and conserved 373 bp region of the genome, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in situ hybridisation and real-time PCR methods were developed for the specific detection of PHV in formaldehyde-fixed and frozen tissues of pilchards. Real-time PCR was shown to have greater sensitivity than a conventional PCR and in situ hybridisation for the detection of PHV infection.
The PCR assay and sequence analysis of the amplification products was used to compare the 373 bp region of the genome from strains obtained during the 1995 and 1998 epidemics. Significant differences between the strains were not detected.Additional sequence data was obtained adjacent to the 373 bp of known PHV sequence, which did not match any sequence in any of the genetic databases, and this will be invaluable for further study of the pilchard herpesvirus and the development of improved detection methods.
The molecular-based methods of virus detection developed were applied to a re- examination of virus in paraffin-embedded tissues taken from fish during an attempt to transmit the virus to wild caught pilchards in 1999. The results obtained confirmed previously equivocal results that transmission of PHV to wild caught pilchards was achieved, although this experiment failed to demonstrate thattransmission of the virus resulted in severe lesions typical of those seen in the epizootics.
Using formaldehyde-fixed samples from fish collected during the 1998 PHV epizootic, virus was detected in fish collected 4 days prior to the occurrence of the epizootic even though the fish then appeared clinically normal, during the epizootic, and 8 days after mortalities had ceased.
An investigation of wild pilchards collected from 4 Australian pilchard sub-populations using real-time PCR demonstrated that PHV was present in the gills of 13.75% of 800 fish sampled, indicating that the virus is now endemic in the Australian pilchard population. Variation in the prevalence of PHV infection in the 4 subpopulations was detected, higher in western and southern populations than in populations from the east coast. The endemic nature of PHV infection in the pilchard population explains why there have been no further epizootics with mass mortalities since 1998.
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Crockford, Melanie. "Partial characterisation of pilchard herpesvirus and the associated disease in pilchards." Crockford, Melanie (2007) Partial characterisation of pilchard herpesvirus and the associated disease in pilchards. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/445/.
Full textAbstract:
In 1995 and again in 1998, millions of pilchards (Sardinops sagax neopilchardus) were found dead or dying off the coast of Australia and also in New Zealand. The epizootics moved progressively, at a rapid speed against the prevailing currents. A previously unrecognised herpesvirus, Pilchard herpesvirus (PHV), was identified as the causative agent.
Until recently, rapid and sensitive methods to detect PHV were not available and based on a previously identified and conserved 373 bp region of the genome, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in situ hybridisation and real-time PCR methods were developed for the specific detection of PHV in formaldehyde-fixed and frozen tissues of pilchards. Real-time PCR was shown to have greater sensitivity than a conventional PCR and in situ hybridisation for the detection of PHV infection.
The PCR assay and sequence analysis of the amplification products was used to compare the 373 bp region of the genome from strains obtained during the 1995 and 1998 epidemics. Significant differences between the strains were not detected.Additional sequence data was obtained adjacent to the 373 bp of known PHV sequence, which did not match any sequence in any of the genetic databases, and this will be invaluable for further study of the pilchard herpesvirus and the development of improved detection methods.
The molecular-based methods of virus detection developed were applied to a re- examination of virus in paraffin-embedded tissues taken from fish during an attempt to transmit the virus to wild caught pilchards in 1999. The results obtained confirmed previously equivocal results that transmission of PHV to wild caught pilchards was achieved, although this experiment failed to demonstrate thattransmission of the virus resulted in severe lesions typical of those seen in the epizootics.
Using formaldehyde-fixed samples from fish collected during the 1998 PHV epizootic, virus was detected in fish collected 4 days prior to the occurrence of the epizootic even though the fish then appeared clinically normal, during the epizootic, and 8 days after mortalities had ceased.
An investigation of wild pilchards collected from 4 Australian pilchard sub-populations using real-time PCR demonstrated that PHV was present in the gills of 13.75% of 800 fish sampled, indicating that the virus is now endemic in the Australian pilchard population. Variation in the prevalence of PHV infection in the 4 subpopulations was detected, higher in western and southern populations than in populations from the east coast. The endemic nature of PHV infection in the pilchard population explains why there have been no further epizootics with mass mortalities since 1998.
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Zimov, Jennifer Laura. "Behavioral and Physiological Responses To Lipopolysaccharide Induced Clinical Mastitis." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1253132975.
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Bondy, Peter Jacob. "Cytauxzoon felis in Missouri ticks /." Free to MU Campus, others may purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p14211147.
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Tessman, Ronald Kenneth. "Diagnosis, epidemiology and immunologic consequences of copper deficiency in calves." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4470.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006."May 2006" The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Hall, Melanie J. "Pharmacology of the GLP-1 Analog Liraglutide in Healthy Cats." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405949641.
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Sirisi, Dolcet Sònia. "Bases moleculars de la Leucoeocefalopatia Megalencefàllca amb Quists subcorlicals. Utilització de models animals i cel·lulars." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284761.
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La Leucoencefalopatia Megalencefàlica amb quists subcorticals, també anomenada MLC, és un tipus rar de leucodistròfia vacuolitzant. Actualment encara es desconeix el mecanisme fisiopatològic de la malaltia, i per tant ni hi ha cap tractament possible per als pacients.
S’han descrit dos gens implicats en la malaltia MLC. El primer gen descobert s’anomena MLC1 i codifica per una proteïna de membrana que porta el mateix nom. El segon gen s’anomena GLIALCAM i codifica per una proteïna transmembrana de tipus I que també porta el mateix nom. S’ha decrit que la proteïna GlialCAM actua com a subunitat ß de MLC1 ja que es capaç de dirigir-la i concentrar-la a les unions cel•lulars. Per altra banda, GlialCAM també s’ha descrit com a subunitat auxiliar del canal de Cl- ClC-2 ja que és capaç de modificar les propietats d’activació i rectificació del canal.
En la present tesi s’han generat i estudiat diferents models animals i cel•lulars per a l’estudi de la malaltia. En primer lloc, s’ha generat i s’ha caracteritzat un model de ratolí knock-out per a Mlc1. Gràcies a aquest model s’ha observat que la proteïna MLC1 és únicament astrocitària i que la proteïna GlialCAM no es independent de MLC1, ja que en absència d’aquesta es troba deslocalitzada en el cerebel. També s’ha pogut descriure per primer cop la implicació del canal de Cl- ClC-2 en la fisiopatologia, ja que els seus nivells de proteïna disminuixen en el cerebel i el canal es troba gairebé inactiu en els oligodendròcits de l’animal knock-out. Les característiques fenotípiques que presenta el model de ratolí equivalen a les característiques observades en els pacients en fases inicials de la malaltia, ja que l’animal tot i que mostra presència de vacuoles no presenta deteriorament motor i macrocefàlia aparent.
També s’ha generat un model de peix zebra knock-out per a zmlc1. Aquest model presenta avantatges respecte el ratolí, com per exemple el baix cost o l’aplicació de tècniques genètiques a gran escala. Aquest model ha permés observar de nou que realment GlialCAM necessita a MLC1 per a la seva correcta localització. També s’ha observat que l’ortòleg zGlialCAMa conserva la seva funció de entre espécies ja que també es capaç de modificar les corrents de ClC-2.
Aquests resultats obtinguts amb els models s’han pogut comparar amb el cervell d’una pacient. Aquest cervell demostra que MLC1 és necessària per a la correcta localització de GlialCAM en la regió del cerebel.
Per altra banda, s’han desenvolupat diferents models cel•lulars. Primerament s’han estudiat els astròcits del ratolí knock-out. Aquestes cel•lules mancades de MLC1 també presenten vacuoles per tot el citoplasma, però no mostren canvis en la localització ni en els nivells de proteïna de GlialCAM i ClC-2. Aquest fet juntament amb altres estudis del grup van fer pensar si la condició necessària per a que es veguessin afectades aquestes proteïnes estaria relacionada amb el procés del sifoneig de K+.
Estudis realitzats en astròcits de rata demostren que en condicions d’un alt contingut de K+, com per exemple durant una alta activitat neuronal, GlialCAM i ClC-2 és localitzen juntament a les membranes cel•lular i ClC-2 canvia les seves propietat de canal. Paral•lelament, estudis realitzats en oligodendròcits de rata també demostren que aquest fet també succeix en aquest tipus cel•lular.Megalencefalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts, also known as MLC, is a rare type of leukodystrophy. Currently still unknown pathophysiological mechanism of the disease, and therefore there is no effective treatment possible for patients. There are two genes involved in the MLC disease. Gene was first discovered was MLC1 and this encodes for a membrane protein with the same name. The second gene is called GLIALCAM and encodes for a transmembrane protein type I that also carries the same name. In our group is has been described that GlialCAM acts as a protein ß subunit of MLC1 because it is able to direct and concentrate in the cellular junctions. Moreover, GlialCAM also act as auxiliary subunit of CLC-2 Cl channel as it is capable of modifying the activation and rectification properties of the channel. In this work we have developed two different models to study the physiopathology. The results show that GlialCAM affected by the absence of MLC1. It has been also demonstrated that ClC-2 is implicated in the disease.These results were compared with a patient brian and has been shown that MLC1 is important for the correct location of GlialCAM in the cerbellum. Have also been developed a different cellular models. The results with this models show that GlialCAM and ClC-2 could have a functional role in the process of potassium siphoning.
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Botes, Annelise. "Immunological and epidemiological investigations in South African ostriches and penguins." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53747.
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Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Newcastle disease (NO) and mycoplasma infections in ostriches have considerable economic implications for the South African ostrich industry in that NO is a limiting factor in the export of ostrich products to the European Union and mycoplasma infections cause stock losses, reduced production, reduced hatchability and downgrading of carcasses. In the first section of this dissertation, the role of passively acquired and mucosal immunity in protection of ostrich chicks against Newcastle disease virus (NOV) was investigated. Ostrich hen serum IgG and yolk IgY were isolated and characterized, and the transfer of maternal anti-NOV antibodies to the egg yolk was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results indicated that anti-NOV antibodies were successfully transferred from the ostrich hen to the egg yolk. In addition, ostrich IgA was isolated, characterized and rabbit anti-ostrich IgA antibodies produced and used for measuring mucosal anti- NOV IgA antibodies produced in response to mucosal vaccination. Results indicated that the live La Sota vaccine stimulates IgA production and thus mucosal immunity in ostrich chicks. In the second section of this dissertation, ostrich mycoplasmas were isolated and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These sequences indicated that ostriches carry three unique mycoplasmas, which are phylogenetically quite divergent. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the ostrich mycoplasmas were subsequently used for the development of specific primers for the detection and diagnosis of mycoplasma infections in ostriches by PCR. The last section of this dissertation focuses on avian malaria in African penguins and the management of this disease during rehabilitation. The Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds (SANCCOB) is a seabird rescue and rehabilitation centre, which is largely dedicated to the rehabilitation of diseased, injured and oiled penguins. Significant mortalities due to avian malaria occur at this facility. The aim of this study was the development of an ELISA for the purpose of assessing the natural levels of anti-Plasmodium antibodies in African penguins on entry into the SANCCOB facility and during rehabilitation. Results indicated significant increases in anti- Plasmodium antibody levels after entry, which was not influenced by oiling. Infection with malaria and not parasite recrudescence was viewed to be the cause of this increase, indicating a possible role of the SANCCOB facility in exposing penguins to avian malaria.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Newcastlesiekte (NS) en mikoplasmainfeksies in voltruise het geweldige ekonomiese implikasies vir die Suid-Afrikaanse volstruisbedryf. Die rede hiervoor is dat NS 'n beperkende faktor in die uitvoer van volstruisprodukte na die Europese Unie is, en mikoplasmainfeksies tot kudde verliese, verlaagde produksie en uitbroei asook lae gradering van karkasse lei. In die eerste gedeelte van hierdie proefskrif is die rol van passiewe- en mukosale-immuniteit in die beskerming van volstruiskuikens teen NS virus (NSV) ondersoek. Volstruishenserum IgG en eier IgY is geïsoleer en gekarakteriseer en die oordrag van maternale anti-NSV antiliggame na die eier ondersoek met behulp van 'n 'enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay' (ELISA). Resultate het getoon dat anti-NSV antiliggame suksesvol van die hen na die eier oorgedra is. Volstruis IgA is ook geïsoleer, gekarateriseer en konyn anti-volstruis IgA antiliggame geproduseer wat gebruik is vir die bepaling van mukosale anti-NSV IgA antiliggame in reaksie op mukosale immunisering. Resultate het getoon dat lewendige La Sota entstof IgA produksie stimuleer en dus tot mukosale-immuniteit in volstruiskuikens lei. In die tweede gedeelte van hierdie proefskrif is volstruismikoplasmas geïsoleer en geïdentifiseer met behulp van 16S rRNA geenopeenvolgingsbepalings. Hierdie volgordes het getoon dat drie unieke mikoplasmas in volstruise voorkom wat filogeneties verskillend blyk te wees. Die 16S rRNA geenopeenvolgings van die volstruismikoplasmas is gebruik vir die ontwikkeling van spesifieke inleiers vir die PKR identifisering en diagnose van mikoplasmainfeksies in volstruise. Die laaste gedeelte van hierdie proefskrif fokus op voëlmalaria in die Afrika pikkewyn en die bestuur van hierdie siekte gedurende rehabilitasie. Die 'South African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds' (SANCCOB) is 'n seevoëlreddingsen rehabilitasie-sentrum vir siek, beseerde en ge-oliede pikkewyne. Hierdie sentrum het egter aansienlike vrektes as gevolg van voëlmalaria. In hierdie studie is 'n ELISA ontwikkel vir die bepaling van natuurlike anti-Plasmodium antiliggaamvlakke van pikkewyne by aankoms en tydens rehabilitasie by SANCCOB. Resultate het 'n toename in anti-Plasmodium antiliggaamvlakke getoon na toelating wat nie beïnvloed is deur olie nie. Hierdie toename kan toegeskryf word aan nuwe malariainfeksies en nie 'n heruitbraak van bestaande infeksies nie wat daarop dui dat pikkewyne aan voëlmalaria blootgestel word by die SANCCOB-sentrum.
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Egenvall, Agneta. "Canine health, disease and death : data from a Swedish animal insurance database /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5433-6.pdf.
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Hugg, T. (Timo). "Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, animals and pollen grains as determinants of atopic diseases and respiratory infections." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514291968.
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Abstract Little is known about a) the differences in allergic and respiratory diseases between the Finnish and Russian populations, and the environmental factors associated with those differences, and b) exposure to pollen grains indoors and the efficiency of penetration of pollen from outdoor to indoor air. This thesis is based on a cross-sectional population-based epidemiological study conducted in Imatra (Finland) and Svetogorsk (Russia) in 2003 and a rotorod-type-sampler-based pollen study conducted in the province of South Karelia (Finland) between 2003 and 2004. The prevalence of allergic diseases was higher among Finnish than Russian schoolchildren. The symptoms among allergic children were more severe, and the occurrence of respiratory infections was in general more frequent in Russia than in Finland. In the logistic regression analyses the risk of asthma was particularly related to high maternal smoking exposure, and the risk of the common cold was related to high combined parental smoking during infancy (adjusted OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.06–3.17) in Finnish children. Among Russian children, allergic conjunctivitis was related to maternal smoking, while the common cold was inversely related to paternal and parental smoking (0.60, 0.37–0.98 and 0.31, 0.11–0.83, respectively) during the study period. The risk of asthma was inversely related to any indoor dog-keeping in Finland (0.35, 0.13–0.95), whereas in Russia the risk of asthma was increased in relation to combined indoor cat exposure during infancy and the study period (4.56, 1.10–18.91). The concentrations of pollen grains decreased from abundant (0–855 pollen grains per cubic meter, pg/m3) to low (0–3 pg/m3), when moving from outdoors to indoors and further. The differences in diseases and symptoms in these two closely related populations could be ascribed to differences in culture, exposures, diagnostic criteria and treatment. The concentrations of pollen in indoor air during the flowering period were mostly on a level high enough to cause reactions in only the most sensitive subjects. The results suggest that more efforts should be directed to reducing parental smoking, to studying the role and effects of nationally different animal exposures in childhood, and to assessing the importance of different penetration routes of pollen grainsTiivistelmä Suomen ja Venäjän välisistä allergioiden ja hengitystietulehdusten esiintymiseroista ja esiintymiseen vaikuttavista ympäristötekijöistä tiedetään varsin vähän. Myös tutkimuksia siitepölyille altistumisesta sisätiloissa ja siitepölyjen tunkeutumiskyvystä ulkoilmasta sisäilmaan on niukasti. Tutkimus yhdistää sekä lääketieteellisen että luonnontieteellisen tutkimusalan tutkimustraditiot sekä atooppisten sairauksien ja/tai hengitystietulehdusten tärkeimpien määrittäjien tarkastelun yhdeksi tutkimuskokonaisuudeksi. Väestö- ja kyselylomakepohjainen poikkileikkaustutkimus toteutettiin Suomen ja Venäjän rajan molemmin puolin sijaitsevissa Imatran ja Svetogorskin kaupungeissa vuonna 2003. Tutkimusväestö koostui 512 suomalaisesta ja 581 venäläisestä 7–16-vuotiaasta koululaisesta (osallistumisaste 79 %). Rotorod-tyyppisen keräimen käyttöön perustuva siitepölytutkimus toteutettiin erilaisissa ulko- ja sisätiloissa Lappeenrannan ja Imatran kaupungeissa, Rautjärven kunnassa ja valtatie 6:lla vuosina 2003 ja 2004. Atooppisten sairauksien esiintyvyys oli runsaampaa suomalaisten koululaisten keskuudessa. Sitä vastoin allergisten lasten kokemat oireet olivat voimakkaampia ja hengitystietulehdusten esiintyvyys oli runsaampaa venäläisten koululaisten keskuudessa. Astmariski kytkeytyi erityisesti äidin runsaalle tupakoinnille altistumiseen raskauden (vakioitu OR 3.51, 95 % luottamusväli 1.00–12.3), ensimmäisen elinvuoden (3.34, 1.23–9.07) ja tutkimuksen aikana (3.27, 1.26–8.48). Nuhakuumeen riski oli suurentunut suomalaisten koululaisten keskuudessa, jotka olivat altistuneet molempien vanhempien runsaalle tupakoinnille ensimmäisen elinvuoden aikana (1.83, 1.06–3.17). Äidin tupakoinnille ensimmäisen elinvuoden (4.53, 1.49–13.8) ja tutkimuksen aikana (2.82, 1.07–7.44) altistuneilla venäläisillä oli suurentunut allergisen silmän sidekalvotulehduksen riski. Tutkimuksen aikainen isän ja vanhempien tupakointi vähensi nuhakuumeen riskiä (0.60, 0.37–0.98; 0.31, 0.11–0.83) Venäjällä. Suomessa koiranpito sisätiloissa vähensi astmariskiä (0.35, 0.13–0.95), vastaavasti Venäjällä raskauden jälkeinen sisätiloissa tapahtuva kissa-altistus lisäsi koululaisten astmariskiä (4.56, 1.10–18.91). Siitepölyjen pitoisuudet pienenivät siirryttäessä ulkoa (0–855 siitepölyhiukkasta ilmakuutiossa; sp/m3) sisätiloihin (0–17 sp/m3). Ympäristöaltisteisiin ja sairauden ennusteeseen vaikuttavat sekä kansallinen kulttuuri ja vakiintuneet tavat, että erot diagnosointikriteereissä, yleisessä tautitietoisuudessa ja lääkkeiden saatavuudessa. Näin ollen altisteiden voimakkuus ja kesto sekä terveysvaikutukset voivat vaihdella merkittävästi lähellä toisiaan sijaitsevien alueiden välillä. Siitepölypitoisuudet sisätiloissa olivat pääosin tasolla, jolle altistuminen aiheuttaa oireita vain kaikkein herkimmille allergisille. Tutkimuksen tulosten mukaan lisää voimavaroja tulisi suunnata passiiviselle tupakoinnille altistumisen vähentämiseen erityisesti yksilökehityksellisesti herkkien varhaisvaiheiden aikana, kansallisten eläinaltistuserojen terveysvaikutusten selvittämiseen sekä siitepölyjen erilaisten kulkeutumisreittien merkityksen tutkimiseen
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Bruce, Mieghan. "The impact of brucellosis in Albania : a systems approach." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701674.
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Knight-Jones, Theo. "Field evaluation of foot-and-mouth disease vaccination in Turkey." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.618321.
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Irving, Ryan Powell. "Distribution and prevalence of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the causative agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis, in Indiana and Ohio." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1129630.
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Human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) is a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the bacterium Ehrlichia chaffeensis and transmitted by the ixodid tick Amblyomma americanum. The first confirmed case of HME in Indiana occurred in 1994. Since then, there have been an additional 17 confirmed cases reported from 11 counties.A total of 498 A. americanum and 25 Dermacentor variabilis ticks were collected from counties in southern Indiana during May and June 1998, pooled, and examined for the presence of E. chaffeensis using nested PCR with primers HE 1 and HE3, which are specific for the 16S rRNA gene of E. chaffeensis. Ten pools of adult A. americanum specimens tested positive for E. chaffeensis DNA. This represented a minimum infection rate (MIR) of 3.82%. None of the A. americanum nymphs or adult D. variabilis ticks tested positive.In addition, 325 white-tailed deer blood samples from Indiana and 327 from Ohio were collected during November, 1998 and tested for the presence of E. chaffeensisreactive antibodies using an indirect immunofluoescence assay (IFA). Evidence of such antibodies was found in deer killed in six Indiana counties where infection rates ranged from 43% - 64% and four Ohio counties where infection rates ranged from 4% - 25%.The results from this study support the view that the distribution of E. chaffeensis closely follows that of A. americanum in the North Central United States. This is the first report of E. chaffeensis-reactive antibodies in white-tailed deer from Ohio.Department of Biology
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Gliddon, Briony Lee. "Enzyme replacement therapy in a murine model of mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg5595.pdf.
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Crawley, Allison Catherine. "Enzyme replacement therapy in a feline model of mucopolysaccharidosis type VI /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc9107.pdf.
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Miranda, Flavia Regina. "Pesquisa de anticorpos contra bactérias do gênero Brucella spp, Leptospira spp, Chlamydophila spp em tamanduás-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Linnaeus, 1758), da RPPN SESC Pantanal, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra (PNSC) e Parque Nacional das Emas (PNE)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-24072008-121253/.
Full textAbstract:
A fragilidade do tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) e seu visível desaparecimento de certas regiões, inclusa sua área de distribuição original mostram com clareza a necessidade de medidas que possam garantir proteção desse animal. O estudo do papel das doenças nesse aspecto constitui um eixo importante das estratégias para conservação dessa espécie, principalmente considerando-se que estudos ecológicos reconhecem as doenças como o mecanismo regulatório de populações naturais. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a freqüência de anticorpos anti- Leptospira, anti-Brucella abortus e anti-Chlamidophila. Foram analisadas 21 amostras de soro de tamanduás-bandeira de vida livre oriundos dos Parques Nacionais da Serra da Canastra e das Emas e da Reserva SESC Pantanal. Destes 12 (57,14%) amostras foram reagentes para o teste de soroaglutinação microscópica anti-Leptospira sp, 1 (0,04%) foi reagentes para o teste do Antígeno Acidificado Tamponado (TAA) - anti- Brucella abortus e todas as amostras foram consideradas negativas para a presença de anticorpos anti-Chlamidophila sp. Por se tratar de uma espécie que possui baixo potencial reprodutivo, apresentando cuidado parental prolongado, longos períodos de gestação e somente uma cria por ano, patógenos que possam afetar o sucesso reprodutivo, podem ser extremamente nocivos para populações de tamanduás-bandeira em vida livre.The fragility of the giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) and the disappearance of this animal from certain regions, including areas of original distribution, clearly indicates the necessity of adopting protective measures. Ecology studies consider diseases as regulatory mechanisms for natural populations, thus indicating that the study of the role of diseases constitutes an important axle on the strategies for conservation of the species, few studies correlates the environmental conservation state and the health of wild animal populations. The purpose the present study was to assess the frequency of occurrence of anti-Leptospira, anti-Brucella abortus and anti- Chlamidophila. Serum samples from 21 free-ranging giant anteater from the Serra da Canastra and the Emas National Parks, as well as the SESC Pantanal Reserve were evaluated for the presence of antibodies. From these 12 (57,14%) samples reacted to the anti-Leptospira sp microscopic serum agglutination test ,1 (0.04%) reacted to the anti-Brucella abortus Tampon Acidified Antigen Test (TAA) test, and all samples were negative for anti-Chlamidophila sp antibodies. As the giant anteater is a species that presents low reproductive potential, long parental care and pregnancy periods and produces only one offspring per year, the pathogens that can affect reproduction can be extremely deleterious free-ranging populations of giant anteaters.
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Khandaker, MD Shahjahan Ali. "Economic analysis of diseases caused by VTEC (verotoxin producing e.coli) in Australia /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17335.pdf.
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Nødtvedt, Ane. "Epidemiology of canine atopic dermatitis /." Uppsala : Dept. of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200747.pdf.
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Tan, Ju Chiat Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Investigation of abnormal cardiac function in murine models of hypocontractility and hypercontractility." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/28879.
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Heart failure has a significant impact on mortality and morbidity. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the third most common cause of heart failure and the most common reason for heart transplantation. Familial DCM is known to be caused by mutations in the LMNA gene encoding lamins A and C. New methods to enhance cardiac contractility would be beneficial in the treatment or prevention of heart failure. The focus of this thesis was to evaluate the mechanisms of altered contractility in two mouse models: the LMNA knockout model (homozygous, Lmna-/-; heterozygous, Lmna+/-) generated by targeted deletion of the lmna gene, and the model of enhanced contractility due to cardiac alpha1A-adrenergic receptor (???1A-AR) overexpression (A1A1). Previous studies have found altered nuclear-desmin connections in lamin A/C deficient mice. It was proposed that these alterations result in ???defective force transmission???, which leads to DCM. Studies in this thesis have supported this hypothesis. Studies of isolated single cardiomyocytes from mice aged 4-6 weeks demonstrated abnormal cell morphology and contractile dysfunction in Lmna-/- cardiomyocytes, while Lmna+/- cells showed no overt phenotype. Excitation-contraction coupling experiments and forcecalcium studies in skinned fibers excluded altered calcium kinetics as a primary cause of DCM in this model, but there was evidence of reduced sarcomere numbers and reduced sarcomere lengths as a contributor to reduce force generation in Lmna-/- and Lmna+/- mice. Previous in vivo studies showed that A1A1 mice had enhanced contractility with the absence of hypertrophy. Studies on isolated single cardiomyocytes from A1A1 mice aged 8-12 weeks showed reduced contractility in the absence of ???1A-AR stimulation, but an exaggerated response to ???1A-AR stimulation. In contrast isolated isovolumic Langendorff perfused A1A1 hearts without ???1A-AR stimulation replicated the enhanced contractility observed in vivo. These studies are consistent with down-regulation of contractility due to the hyperactivity of the overexpressed ???1A-AR in vivo, which only becomes evident in isolated cells without ???1A-AR stimulation due to the loss of functional receptor numbers during isolation. Sufficient spontaneously active ???1A-ARs are preserved in the isolated Langendorff heart preparation to ensure maximum contractility driven by increase calcium release.
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McCullough, Kathryn E. "Dairy Cow Activity as a Potential Management Tool for Detection of Clinical Mastitis." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437652709.
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Dembek, Katarzyna Agnieszka. "Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction in critically ill foals." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1479220019340433.
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Szablewski, Christine Marie. "Evolution of Influenza A Viruses in Exhibition Swine and Transmission to Humans, 2013-2015." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu151388886442666.
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Van, der Merwe Elizabeth Frances. "Preliminary investigations into ostrich mycoplasmas : identification of vaccine candidate genes and immunity elicited by poultry mycoplasma vaccines." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17411.
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Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Ostrich farming is of significant economical importance in South Africa. Three ostrich mycoplasmas, Ms01, Ms02 and Ms03 have been identified previously, and were provisionally named ‘Mycoplasma struthiolus’ (Ms) after their host Struthio camelus. Ostrich mycoplasmas are the major causative organisms of respiratory diseases, and they cause stock losses, reduced production and hatchability, and downgrading of carcasses and therefore lead to large economic losses to the industry. In order to be pathogenic to their host, they need to attach through an attachment organelle, the so-called tip structure. This structure has been identified in the poultry mycoplasma, M. gallisepticum, and is made up of the adhesin GapA and adhesin-related CrmA. Currently, no ostrich mycoplasma vaccine is commercially available and for this reason the need to develop one has arisen. Therefore the first part of this study was dedicated to the identification and isolation of vaccine candidate genes in the three ostrich mycoplasmas. Four primer approaches for polymerase chain reactions (PCR’s), cloning and sequencing, were used for the identification of adhesin or adhesin-related genes from Ms01, Ms02 and Ms03. The primer approaches revealed that the target genes could not be identified due to the high diversity of sequences that were generated. Therefore sequences were also compared with those of other mycoplasma species in BLAST searches. Results showed that the most significant hit was with the human pathogen M. hominis oppD, which is located in the same operon as the membrane protein P100 involved in adhesion. Other hits were with ABC transporters which may also play a role in cytadhesion. The second part of this study was aimed at testing whether two poultry mycoplasma vaccines, M. synoviae and M. gallisepticum, can be used in ostriches to elicit immune responses until an ostrich mycoplasma vaccine has been developed. Ostriches on three farms of different age groups in the Oudsthoorn district were therefore vaccinated with these vaccines in a vaccine trial. The enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the level of antibody response. Results showed that both vaccines elicited an immune response in all three age groups. A high percentage of the ostriches reacted positively, which indicates that both vaccines elicit antibody responses and may therefore give protection against ostrich mycoplasma infections.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Volstruisboerdery is ‘n belangrike ekonomiese sektor in Suid-Afrika. Drie volstruismikoplasmas, Ms01, Ms02 en Ms03, is voorheen geïdentifiseer en voorlopig ‘Mycoplasma struthiolus’ (Ms) benaam na aanleiding van hul gasheer, Struthio camelus. Volstruismikoplasmas is die grootste oorsaaklike organismes van respiratoriese siektes, kudde verliese en die afgradering van karkasse wat lei tot groot ekonomiese verliese in die volstruisbedryf. Ten einde patogenies vir die gasheer te wees, moet mikoplasmas deur middel van ‘n aanhegtingsmeganisme vasheg – die sogenaamde puntvormige struktuur. Hierdie struktuur is in die pluimvee mikoplasma M. gallisepticum geïdentifiseer, en bestaan uit aanhegting proteïen GapA en die aanhegting verwante proteïen CrmA. Tans is geen volstruismikoplasma entstof kommersieel beskikbaar nie, en derhalwe het die behoefte ontstaan om so ‘n entstof te ontwikkel. Die eerste gedeelte van hierdie studie is dus gewy aan die identifisering en isolering van entstof kandidaat gene in al drie volstruismikoplasmas. Vier inleier benaderings vir polimerase ketting reaksies (PKR), klonering asook geenopeenvolging bepalings vir die identifisering van aanhegting of aanhegting verwante gene vanuit Ms01, Ms02 en Ms03 is gebruik. Die inleier benaderings het getoon dat die teikengene nie geïdentifiseer kon word nie as gevolg van hoë variasie in die gegenereerde geenopeenvolgings. Derhalwe is geenopeenvolgings met ander mikoplasma spesies deur middel van BLAST soektogte vergelyk. Resultate het getoon dat die betekenisvolste ooreenstemming dié met die menslike patogeen M. hominis oppD was, wat deel vorm van die membraan proteïen P100 operon wat betrokke is by aanhegting. Ander ooreenstemmings sluit ABC transporters in wat moontlik betrokke kan wees by aanhegting. Die tweede gedeelte van hierdie studie het ten doel gehad om te toets of twee pluimvee mikoplasma entstowwe, M. synoviae en M. gallisepticum, gebruik kan word in volstruise om immuunresponse te ontlok tot tyd en wyl ‘n volstruismikoplasma entstof ontwikkel is. Volstruise vanaf drie plase in verskillende ouderdomsgroepe in die Oudtshoorn distrik was ingeënt met hierdie entstowwe in ‘n entstof proefneming. Die ensiem-afhanklike immuno-absorpsie essaï (ELISA) was gebruik om antiliggaam response te toets. Die resultate het getoon dat beide entstowwe immuunresponse ontlok het in al drie ouderdomsgroepe. ‘n Groot persentasie van die volstruise het positief gereageer wat ‘n aanduiding is dat beide entstowwe immuunresponse ontlok het en kan dus beskerming bied teen volstruismikoplasma infeksies.
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Pardini, Anne Dale. "The pathology and pathogenesis of canine cerebral babesiosis." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27842.
Full textAbstract:
The pathology of canine cerebral babesiosis was examined at the gross, histological and
ultrastructural levels. Gross lesions could be categorised as either global or regional. Congestive
brain swelling , diffuse cerebral congestion and diffuse cerebral pallor were classified as global
lesions. Multifocal haemorrhage and malacia were classified as regional lesions. Oedema was
inconsistently present and could be either focal or diffuse.
The majority of histological changes were observed in both cerebral babesiosis and control cases.
Regional lesions were unique to cerebral babesiosis and had specific histological features. Highly
localised endothelial injury was the primary lesion. Early lesions were multifocal and strictly
associated with the microvasculature. Intermediate lesions, with perivascular haemorrhage and
neutrophil infiltration, were suggestive of reperfusion injury. Advanced lesions were locally
extensive and similar in appearance to haemorrhagic infarction. It is likely that the pathogenesis of
regional lesions is by a process of microvascular infarction, as venous thrombosis could not be
demonstrated.
Ultrastructural evidence for adherent contact between erythrocytes and capillary endothelium was
demonstrated. Endothelial cell necrosis occurred early in the development of lesions, before
neuronal and glial injury. It is postulated that endothelial injury is the primary event in the
development of regional lesions and secondary lesions develop as a consequence of
microvascular infarction.Die patologie van die serebrale vorm van bosluiskoors in honde is ondersoek. Die letsels is makroskopies, histologies en elektronmikroskopies beskryf. Letsels kon makroskopies in twee groepe verdeel word: Globale letsels en gelokaliseerde letsels. Kongestiewe brein swelling, diffuse serebrale kongestie en serebrale anemie kom voor as globale letsels in serebrale babesiose. Multifokale bloeding en nekrose kom voor as gelokaliseerde letsels. Edeem was nie konsekwent teenwoordig nie, en was algemeen of verspreid. Die meeste algemene histologiese veranderinge was in beide serebrale en kontrole gevalle teenwoordig. Gelokaliseerde letsels waarin spesifieke hisotpatologiese veranderinge voorgekom het, was kenmerkend van serebrale babesiose. Die primere letsel is hoogs gelokaliseerde beskadiging van endoteelselle. Beskadiging van die kapillere bloedvate ontstaan vroeg in die ontwikkeling van letsels. Verdere ontwikkeling van die letsel word gekenmerk deur peri-vaskulere bloeding en neutrofiel infiltrasie wat aanduidend is van reperfusie beskadiging. Volontwikkelde letsels is plaaslik-ekstensief en het die voorkoms van hemoragiese infarkte Dit is waarskynlik dat mikrovaskulere infarksie 'n rol speel in die patogenese van die letsels, aangesien veneuse trombose nie ontstaan nie. Noue kontak tussen rooibloedselle en kapillere endoteel is elektronmikroskopies bevestig. Endoteelselnekrose ontstaan voordat tekens van beskadiging geidentifiseer kan word in neurone of gliaselle. Dit blyk dat kapillere endoteelselbeskadiging die primere letsel by die ontstaan van gelokaliseerde lese Is is, en dat sekondere lesels ontwikkel as gevolg van mikrovaskulere infarksie.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2000.
Paraclinical Sciences
Unrestricted
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Simonis, Molly C. "Monitoring Ohio Bat Communities and Populations Using Mobile Acoustics." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1532278749872479.
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Alhindi, Yosra. "Effects of low citrate synthase activity on physiological responses of mice to high fat diet and palmitate induced lipotoxicity." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231391.
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The main aim of this thesis was to examine the hypothesis that the A/J strain variant of H55N substitution affects citrate synthase (CS) enzyme activity and metabolic health in mice fed a high fat diet (HFD). C57BL/6J (B6) mice and congenic B6.A-(rs3676616-D10Utsw1)/KjnB6 (B6.A) mice, a strain which carries the A/J allele of Cs on the B6 strain background, were fed a HFD (45% kcal from fat) for 12 weeks. CS activity, but not that of ß-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme dehydrogenase was lower in the gastrocnemius muscle of B6.A mice compared to B6 mice (P< 0.001). During HFD feeding the glucose tolerance of mice decreased progressively and to a greater extent in B6.A females compared to B6 females, with males showing a similar trend. Interestingly, after 12 weeks of HFD feeding only B6.A males showed increases (P< 0.05) in their resting metabolic rate; moreover; core body temperature were also increased (P< 0.05) for congenic B6.A of both sexes by the end of the study. However, body weight and fat gain did not differ between B6.A and B6 mice. The second aim of the thesis was to test the hypothesis that low CS activity promotes palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in muscle cells. After 18 hours of incubation in 0.8 mM palmitate, C2C12 muscle cells with a ~50% reduction in CS activity showed low (P< 0.001) viability, increased (P< 0.001) levels of cleaved Caspase-3, high levels of AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation (P< 0.05), low levels of protein kinase B phosphorylation, high mitogen-activated protein kinases activation (P< 0.001) compared to the control shRNA cells. This was coupled with higher levels of mitochondrial proteins (P< 0.05), which are involved in oxidative phosphorylation. C2C12 cells with reduced CS activity also showed high reactive oxygen species production (P< 0.05), low intracellular ATP levels (P< 0.05), and lower basal mitochondrial respiration (P< 0.001). In summary, the A/J strain variant of H55N is associated with low CS enzyme activity and impaired metabolic health when fed HFD. Palmitate has a lipotoxic effect on Cs shRNA transfected cells and can lead to cell death.
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Yogalingam, Gouri. "Molecular characterisation of feline MPS VI and evaluation of gene therapy /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phy54.pdf.
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Buonincontri, Guido. "Advanced MRI for cardiac assessment in mice." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648679.
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