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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Anions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Drumright, Ray E. "Radical anion rearrangements. aryl cyclopropyl ketyl anions." Diss., This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-134853/.

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2

Greenhall, Martin Paul. "Fluorinated anions." Thesis, Durham University, 1989. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6503/.

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Each of my four main areas of work is concerned with the formation and further reactions of organic fluorinated anions. a) We have investigated the fluoride ion induced reactions of 2H-pentafluoropropene with some perfluoro-aromatic compounds, forming a series of aryl substituted carbon acids and their corresponding carbanions. Also included is a study of an unusual product that was formed with pentafluoronitrobenzene as the aromatic substrate. b) Some fluorinated dienes have been generated from the fluoride ion induced reactions of dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate with a series of cyclic fluori

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3

Wang, Zhiming 1958. "Anion Exchange and Competition in Layered Double Hydroxides." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332481/.

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Exchange reactions of anions, especially ferrocyanide and carbonate, with layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were investigated in relation to the origin of life on the early Earth. The effect on ferrocyanide exchange of concentration, pH, reaction time and cations are discussed. It was found that there were two different kinds of ferrocyanide species: one was that intercalated into the layered structure, occupying a site of D symmetry within the LDHs, while in the other, the ferrocyanide group retains full O symmetry. In addition, very low concentration, ferrocyanide associated with LDH will cha

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4

Sekizaki, Shuichi. "Development of conducting cation radical salts with flexible organic anions : tetracyanoallyl anion derivatives." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/144214.

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5

Buck, J. "Vinyl anions in synthesis." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.353565.

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6

Gillmore, Jason G. Jr. "Evaluation of 1,1-Dimethyl-5,7-Di-T-Butylspiro[2.5]Octa-4,7-Dien-6-One as a Mechanistic Probe for Single Electron Transfer." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36888.

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<p> Single electron transfer (SET) mechanisms are becoming ubiquitous in modern organic chemistry. However, it is often difficult to distinguish SET mechanisms from polar mechanisms. Kinetics, products and product distributions, and response to perturbation in solvent and substituents are often identical between the two mechanisms. Detection techniques such as EPR, CIDNP, and UV absorption can often detect "blind" pathways and thus cannot provide unambiguous evidence regarding the true mechanism of interest. In recent years mechanistic probes have been developed which can test for si

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7

Wells, Debra J. "Extraction of the perrhenate and pertechnetate anions from aqueous solutions using inorganic anion exchangers." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306851.

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8

Brooks, Simon James. "From linear to cyclic anion receptors : high affinity receptors and sensors for oxo-anions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438694.

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9

Guangliang, Chen. "The Dissociation of Metalloporphyrin Anions." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32517.

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ESI-MS spectra of Ni(II), Co(III), Mg(III), and Fe(II) porphyrin solutions in methanol show porphyrin monomer species with different charge states, such as [Ni(II)TPPS+H]3-, [Co(III)TPPS]3-, [Mn(III)TPPS]3-, [Mn(III)TPPS+H]2-, [Fe(II)TPPS+H]3-, and [Fe(II)TPPS+2H]2- ions. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of these monomer species produced primarily losses of neutral SO3 and SO2. The mechanisms, in which these dissociation pathways took place, were investigated by the means of DFT calculations of the corresponding dissociation of neutral and ionized benzenesulfonate (B3-LYP/6-31+G(2d, p) lev

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10

Newington, Ian M. "Azo-anions in organic synthesis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:690ab891-be13-4582-a029-47974d20adac.

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Novel synthetic applications of ambident azo-anions derived from hindered hydrazones have been investigated. Reaction with electrophiles occurred predominantly at carbon as the N-addition pathway was sterically retarded. Trityl, diphenyl-4-pyridylmethyl (DPP) benzhydryl, and t-butyldiphenylmethyl (BDP) hydrazones of various aldehydes and ketones were prepared in good yields from the corresponding hydrazines and carbonyls in aqueous methanol. The lithium salts derived from trityl and DPP hydrazones, by treatment with methyl lithium at -55°C, reacted with aldehydes and ketones to generate azo-al

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11

Allasia, Sara. "Dipyrromethane based receptors for anions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/67198/.

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This thesis is principally concerned with the synthesis of a range of dipyrromethane based receptors and their ability to bind anions, in particular carboxylates of amino acid derivatives. Chapter I provides a general introduction to the field of Supramolecular Chemistry and its applications. In this chapter a series of receptors for anions are presented their properties discussed. A particular attention is given to the aromatic heterocycles based receptors and to enantioselective receptors. Chapter II describes the synthesis of a series of acyclic receptors which are the results of subsequent

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12

Horke, Daniel Alfred. "Femtosecond photoelectron imaging of anions." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5950/.

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Several recent results of a time-resolved photoelectron imaging experiment are presented. Following a broad introduction into the area of femtochemistry and time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, a detailed description of the spec- trometer is given. This utilises an electrospray ionisation source, coupled to an electrostatic ion trap. Ions are mass selected using time-of-flight methods and investigated using photoelectron imaging in a velocity-mapping geometry. Ultrafast dynamics are investigated by pump-probe spectroscopy with femtosec- ond laser pulses. Recent results are separated into

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13

Ogle, Mark Edward. "Spectroscopic studies of [alpha],[omega]-diphenylpolyenyl anions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30363.

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14

Spooner, Michael. "Anions and the bilayer : structural and mechanistic studies towards synthetic anion carriers for therapeutic applications." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/410302/.

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Synthetic transmembrane anion transporters have attracted a great deal of interest due to their potential as therapeutic agents for the treatment of channelopathies such as cystic fibrosis or in the treatment of cancer. Despite a great deal of progress in the field over recent years, there are currently several hurdles that need to be overcome before anionophores become genuine therapeutic candidates. These include knowledge of how carriers behave in more cell-like bilayer systems, what molecular properties govern the rate determining step of the transport process and issues with solubility an

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15

Sagamanova, Irina. "New Approaches to Catalyst Design and Immobilization." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401816.

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aplicació en transformacions enantioselectives amb l’objectiu de desenvolupar nous processos en flux i (b) catàlisi homogènia centrada a millorar reaccions promogudes per anions sulfenat (la formació d’aril sulfòxids catalitzada per pal·ladi i el desenvolupament d’un pre-catalitzador de segona generació per a processos sense metall). La primera part de la feina tracta sobre l’aplicació del polinorbornè com a un suport robust per a immobilitzar catalitzadors homogenis. A tal fi, s’ha seleccionat la reacció aldòlica. El material ha demostrat tenir potencial, amb resultats comparables als ob

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16

Gianola, Adam J. "Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of organic anions." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3219005.

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17

Gray, Thomas Matthew. "Electrochemical and optical sensing of anions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442459.

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18

Davies, M. K. "Synthetic applications of p block anions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598378.

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Chapter 1 surveys the chemistry and reactivity of Group 14 and relevant Group 15 complexes and introduces the analogies which exist between the well-established ligand behaviour of non-metallic systems and the configuration of donor functionality present in a range of main group metallo-organic compounds. Chapter 2 initially looks at the reactivity of the anion [Sn {μ-N=C(<SUP>t</SUP>Bu)Ph}<SUB>3</SUB>]<SUP>-</SUP>, towards a variety of metals with the aim of using this complex as a tripodal ligand. However, the reaction of [Sn{μ-N=C(<SUP>t</SUP>Bu)Ph}<SUB>3</SUB>Li.THF] with [CuCl] results in

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19

Darr, Sameera Iqbal. "Electrochemical studies of substituted heteropolyoxometallate anions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542959.

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20

Moujaes, Elie A. "Intermolecular vibronic interactions in fullerene anions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438359.

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21

West, Christopher William. "Ultrafast dynamics of gas phase anions." Thesis, Durham University, 2016. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11419/.

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The ultrafast dynamics of a number of molecules have been studied in the gas phase through the use of frequency- angle- and time-resolved photoelecron imaging. A particular emphasis has been applied to the behaviour of biologically relevant molecules following photoexcitation. The gaseous ions were produced from an electrospray ionisation source and interrogated by a purpose-built velocity-map imaging photoelectron spectrometer with a minimum temporal resolution of ~50 fs. Firstly, the details of a global kinetic fitting routine for a time-resolved photoelectron spectrum are presented. Through

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22

Kawachi, Atsushi. "The Chemistry of Functionalized Silyl Anions." Kyoto University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/77813.

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23

Hiscock, Jennifer R. "Binding anions using simple neutral molecules." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/171157/.

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This thesis reports a number of novel neutral, hydrogen bond donating anion receptors and describes their anion coordination properties in both the solution and solid states. A set of ten urea/thiourea linked indole/carbazole groups were found to have high affinities for a variety of oxo-anions in highly competitive DMSO solutions. Of these receptors, the diindolylurea motif was found to be excellent for the binding of dihydrogen phosphate. This group of receptors were found to form 1:1 complexes in solution with various anions but more complex 2:1 and 3:1 receptor:anion complexes were observe

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24

Müller, Lutz O. "Weakly coordinating anions and lewis superacidity." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:25-opus-49292.

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25

Berryman, Orion Boyd. "Anions and electron-deficient aromatic rings /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8159.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 265-281). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

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26

You, Shaochun. "CuCl₂-induced oxidative coupling of Anions /." Bern, 1992. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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27

Berryman, Orion Boyd 1981. "Anions and electron-deficient aromatic rings." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/8159.

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xx, 281 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.<br>More than two-thirds of all enzyme substrates and cofactors are anionic, emphasizing the essential role that anions play in biological processes. Moreover, anions can have detrimental effects on the environment by causing ground water contamination when anions such as perchlorate, phosphate and nitrate develop in intolerable levels. Owing to the prevalent nature of anions, traditional strategies employed to target anions--including hydrogen bonding,

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28

Hevko, John Michael. "Migration and cyclisation reactions of selected organic anions /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh596.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Chemistry, 1999?<br>Includes 5 leaves of errata. Includes reprints of author's previously published articles. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 228-245).

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29

Cowie, David. "Differential induction of organic anion transporting polypeptides in rat liver." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted: no access until April 24, 2020, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25707.

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30

Miranda, Margarida Sofia Quintanilha. "Transmembrane transport of anions by synthetic transporters." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22273.

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Mestrado em Química<br>The chloride transport across the phospholipid bilayer assisted by small synthetic molecules were studied by computational methods including quantum calculations followed by molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations. A series of twelve tris-thiourea aryl substituted putative transporters, with three different six-membered rings as scaffolds (desmethyl cyclohexane, hexamethyl cyclohexane and benzene) and each of them with four possible aryl substituents (3,5-trifluoromethyl, p-trifluoromethyl, p-nitro and phenyl), were studied in silico in order

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31

Sivertsen, Edvard. "Membrane Separation of Anions in Concentrated Electrolytes." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-2100.

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32

Gachuiri, Elizabeth Wanjiku. "Competitive adsorption of anions on Kenyan soils." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ33224.pdf.

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33

Hopkins, Peter K. "Novel tripodal ligands designed to complex anions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249200.

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34

Qureshi, Naseem. "Calixarene and coordination complex hosts for anions." Thesis, Durham University, 2009. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/18/.

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My Ph.D research is mainly based on ‘calixarene and coordination complex hosts for anion’. The research is to make synthetic chloride ion channels for possible treatment of cystic fibrosis. Our approach is based on derivatives of larger calix[n]arenes. Calixarenes are chalice-shaped molecules that form readily under base catalyzed-condensation of tert-butyl phenol with formaldehyde. We have synthesized calixarenes which were tuned at the lower rim with bromo alkyl nitrile and reduced followed by reaction with a series of different isocyanates bearing fluorescent functional groups capable of bi

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35

Sookhun, Shatrugan. "Jahn-Teller effects in Câ‚†â‚€ anions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411506.

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36

Leedham, Angela Priscilla. "Imido analogues of main group oxo-anions." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247865.

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37

Stanley, Laurence Harry. "Dynamics of anions probed by photoelectron imaging." Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12404/.

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This work comprises of the design and construction of a novel ion trap and guide system for the existing photoelectron spectrometer along with the study of two molecular systems. The redesigning of the system was to address shortcomings in the previous design and to open the door to new possibilities of research. The new components have been installed and proof-of-concept data has been taken that shows the success of the new cryogenic cooling system upon the ions. The anionic resonances of anthracene, a polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), were studied using the new apparatus. This allowed for the

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38

Peasey, Sonja Janet. "Complexes of lithium salts with inorganic anions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621685.

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39

House, Stewart Nicholas. "Studies on chiral allenyl and vinyl anions." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/33738.

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40

Morris, Daniel S. "Redox chemistry of perrhenate and other anions." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31480.

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This thesis discusses reduction and oxidation reactions catalysed by the perrhenate anion and oxidation reactions catalysed by other oxo-anions i.e. sulfate and nitrate. Chapter one introduces catalytic hydrosilylation, hydroboration, deoxydehydration and alkene epoxidation and some of their applications, with a focus on high oxidation state complexes. Chapter two describes the synthesis of a salt of perrhenate [N(hexyl)4][ReO4] which is highly soluble in organic solvents. The use of this salt as a catalyst for both the hydrosilylation and hydroboration of carbonyl compounds and carbon dioxide

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41

ZAHNEISEN, THOMAS. "Reactivite nucleophile et electrophile des anions chloroallyliques." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066372.

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Des carbenoides allyliques peuvent etre crees par simple deprotonation de l'halogenure allylique correspondant avec une base forte telle que le litmp, lda ou sec buli. L'addition du litmp a temperature ambiante dans un melange de chlorure ou bromure de prenyle et d'olefine conduit aux cyclopropanes vinyliques avec des rendements de 30 a 60%. Le carbenoide (carbene) intermediaire est electrophile, reagissant plus facilement avec des olefines riches en electrons. Les halogenures allyliques moins substitues donnent des rendements inferieurs. La meme technique par creation in situ du carbenoide, p

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42

Xu, Fei. "Ionic Liquid Crystals Based on Fluorocomplex Anions." Kyoto University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/160955.

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43

Surber, Sean Eric. "Photoelectron Imaging of Molecular and Cluster Anions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194908.

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Femtosecond negative-ion photoelectron imaging spectroscopy allows the probing of dynamics resulting from solvation and photodissociation in both the time-resolved and solvent domains. First, the basic premise of photoelectron imaging shall be presented, followed by a discussion of qualitative approaches for interpreting photoelectron angular distributions as illustrated by application to the photoelectron images of S₂⁻ and CS₂⁻. The photoelectron images of CS₂⁻ serve as a reference for interpreting the results for homogeneous and heterogeneous solvation in CO₂ and OCS cluster anions. The effe

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44

Scott, David M. "Low-energy collisions of alkali-metal anions." W&M ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623761.

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Measurements of the total cross section for electron detachment, (sigma)(,e)(E), are presented for low-energy (E(,1ab) < 300 eV) collisions of Na('-), K('-), and Cs('-) with atomic and molecular targets. For many of the atomic (rare-gas) targets, the energy dependence of (sigma)(,e)(E) is striking: virtually no detachment is observed until relatively high collision energies (50 eV in the center-of-mass frame) are reached, in contradistinction to what has been observed for similar collisions involving H('-). The thresholds for alkali anion detachment are approximately equal to the thresholds fo

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45

Dieng, Pape Sylla. "Recognition of chiral anions by ruthenacyclic complexes." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6258.

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La mise au point de récepteurs énantiosélectifs d’oxy-anions chiraux représente un défi majeur de la chimie supramoléculaire. Au cours des dernières décennies, plusieurs stratégies ont été développées qui visaient à la séparation énantiosélective de molécules chirales. La plupart des récepteurs décrits dans la littérature sont cependant de nature organique. Au laboratoire de Synthèses Métallo-Induites, les propriétés de reconnaissance d’anion d’un complexe du Co (III) lié par un ligand monoanionique tridentate NCN symétrique (connu sous le nom de pince de van Koten) ont été établies. Ainsi, ce

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46

Davis, Julian Murray. "Sapphyrins aggregation and anion binding behavior in polar, protic media /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID UMI Company copy, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3036590.

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47

Stevanovic, Stéphane. "Absorption sélective de gaz par des liquides ioniques basés sur des anions carboxylates ou des anions tris (pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphates." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00822155.

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Différentes familles de liquides ioniques ont été sélectionnées pour leur capacité d'absorption de gaz et plus particulièrement de dioxyde de carbone. L'objectif de ces travaux est de définir les liquides ioniques les plus à même d'être utilisés en tant qu'absorbants dits alternatifs dans les procédés de captage de gaz, l'enjeu principal étant à terme de diminuer les coûts de production des procédés industriels. Les systèmes retenus sont des liquides ioniques purs issus de la combinaison de cations imidazolium, pyrrolidinium et phosphonium avec des anions de type carboxylate ou tris (pentafluo

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48

Garsany, Yannick. "Understanding steel corrosion in oilfield brines." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252197.

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49

Simion, Cristian. "Anions 1-aza et 2-azaallyliques, modèles-clés dans l'élaboration de charpentes cycliques azotées à cinq, six et sept chainons." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10072.

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Le travail presente dans le memoire de these concerne l'etude de la reactivite d'anions 1-aza et 2-azaallyliques et leur implication dans l'edification de charpentes heterocycliques a cinq, six et sept chainons. Les reactions qui sont decrites s'appuient sur l'excellente nucleophilie de ces especes et sont associees aux proprietes reactionnelles des differents intermediaires intervenant dans les processus d'annelation: les o-ethyl thiocarboxylates (thioesters) pour leur aptitude a generer des anions sulfures transitoires, les pyridines alpha-halogenees pour la labilite de l'atome d'halogene da

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50

Kelsen, Vinciane. "Greffage de complexes organométalliques sur anions hydroxyborates : application à la transformation des oléfines." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10280.

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Cette thèse présente le greffage de complexes organométalliques sur des anions hydroxyborates. Ces ligands originaux sont susceptibles de conférer des propriétés particulières à la sphère de coordination du métal. Leur caractère anionique pourrait permettre l'immobilisation des catalyseurs dans une phase liquide ionique. La majeure partie des travaux a porté sur la réactivité des anions hydroxyborates avec les métaux du groupe IV de la classification périodique. Les complexes alkyles du zirconium et de l'hafnium réagissent avec la fonction hydroxyle de l'anion par protonolyse de la liaison mét

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