Journal articles: 'Annapurna (nepal)'

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Gautam, Upendra. "The Annapurna Water Cooperation Consensus." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 15 (November 2, 2014): 90–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v15i0.11382.

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SHAKYA, L. R., and M. R. SHRESTHA. "TWO NEW TAXA OF ORCHIDACEAE FROM CENTRAL NEPAL." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 64, no. 1 (March 2007): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428606000709.

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Eria annapurnensis L.R.Shakya & M.R.Shrestha, a new species, and Gastrochilus calceolaris var. biflora L.R.Shakya & M.R.Shrestha, a new variety (both Orchidaceae), are described and illustrated from Annapurna Conservation Area, Central Nepal.

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Kattel, Achut Raj. "Subjectivity in Prateek Dhakal’s Parikrama Annapurna." Shanti Journal 3, no. 1-2 (December 29, 2023): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/shantij.v3i1-2.60884.

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Travel writing specially niyatra is becoming popular globally for introducing the hidden culture and location by travelers’ point of view. This research focuses on Prateek Dhakal’s Parikrama Annapurna as niyatra, a travel writing in which the writer expresses his experiences and emotions he has had during the travel. The study helps to promote Nepali niyatra literature globally and make the mountains of Nepal as described in Dhakal’s niyatra known to the world. Dhakal informs the readers about the hills and mountains of Nepal and describes how beautiful are the trekking trails for the nature lover to roam around the snow filled mountains. He explains the readers about the experiences of trekking in the Himalayas. The major objective of the research is to show how the writer’s personality appears in niyatra. For this, the theoretical approach of Byaas, Thompson and Blanton on niyatra literature are used. All of these theorists claim that writers involve in the travel and express their personal thoughts, feelings and emotions they have had during the travel in the writing. The writer steps out of home alone or with friend or friends and completes the travel by the means of transportation or on foot. Several evidences of writer’s appearance in niyatra are presented in the findings. Regarding methodology, the study draws the insights of travel writing and specially niyatra literature of Byaas, Thompson and Blanton as a theoretical framework and adopts descriptive research design for pointing out the voice of author, expression of his self, emotions, experiences and personal matters in the course of travel as conceptual framework. The major findings of the study are that Dhakal goes on trekking with the friends in Annapurna circuit, feels and experiences many things personally, watches mountains and hills and expresses his views and ideas in the text. The main conclusion of the research is that Dhakal expresses his self in the text and his appearance is dominant in Parikrama Annapurna. The text is a travel writing in which the personality of the writer is visible, his voice, feelings, emotions, and personal matters are audible. For the further researcher, use of imagination in travel writing can be another area to investigate in the text.

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Appel, Angelika, Geraldine Werhahn, Raju Acharya, Yadav Ghimirey, and Bidhan Adhikary. "Small carnivores in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Vertebrate Zoology 63, no. 1 (April 19, 2013): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.63.e31416.

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The leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis, large Indian civet Viverra zibetha and yellow-throated marten Martes flavigula are widely distributed through much of South and Southeast Asia, but their ecology remains poorly understood. We recorded these small carnivores during a camera trapping survey in the eastern mid-hills of the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. This protected area is the largest in the country and represents Himalayan mountain ecosystems. Our study area comprised an elevation range of 1550 – 2950 m in upper subtropical to upper temperate bioclimatic zones. During a sample effort of 370 trap days, leopard cat was the most commonly recorded carnivore, followed by large Indian civet and yellow-throated marten. We obtained the highest altitudinal record of a large Indian civet in Nepal at an altitude of 2420 m. Capture rates for small carnivores were broadly similar across bioclimatic zones. The level of human activity was low in the temperate bioclimatic zone during the late winter season when the study was conducted.

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Baraniak, E. "Descripción de una nueva especie nepalesa de Rhigognostis Staudinger, 1857 (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)." SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología 44, no. 175 (September 30, 2016): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.57065/shilap.701.

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Budha, Prem Bahadur, and Pratistha Shrestha. "Annotated checklist of Collembola of Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Zoology 5, no. 1 (July 6, 2021): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njz.v5i1.38287.

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This is the first annotated checklist of Collembola species of Nepal. It includes 167 collembolan species belonging to 78 genera and 17 families including 45 endemic species. Majority of the Nepalese collembolan species were reported from major trekking routes viz. Mount Everest, Annapurna Conservation Area and Langtang area with very few other locations. The highest record of collembola in Nepal is about 5800 m asl. Southern Terai and Siwalik range remain unexplored.

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Joshi, Subash, and Rajiv Dahal. "Relationship between Social Carrying Capacity and Tourism Carrying Capacity: A Case of Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Education 9 (April 19, 2019): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jthe.v9i0.23677.

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The paper aims to examine the relationship between social carrying capacity and tourism carrying capacity in the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA), Nepal (along the popular Annapurna Base Camp Trail). Carrying Capacity is a key indicator in assessing the sustainable tourism development at a given place. The study used Survey Research Design to obtain information from tourist and local residents. From the research, it was evident that the visitors were highly satisfied with the tourism activities, along with conservation and development activities at ACA. Similarly, local residents were satisfied with the development of tourism in ACA, yet they perceived crowding, and congestion, cultural degradation as some impending challenges in the near future. Social Carrying Capacity in the ACA has not exceed its threshold, even though this popular trekking destination has been witnessing robust growth in the number of tourist in the region post armed-conflict (1997-2007). Hypothesis test result indicate that the relationship between dependent variable [Tourism Carrying Capacity (TCC)] and independent variable [Social Carrying Capacity (SCC)] has a positive correlation. Adequate and appropriate management intervention by the Nepal Trust for Nature Conservation (NTNC)/Annapurna Conservation Area Project (ACAP) there has been well-planned and sustained tourism growth in the region.

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Subedi, Bhim P., and Prem Sagar Chapagain. "Tourism Development in Upper Manang Valley of Annapurna Region." Nepal Tourism and Development Review 1, no. 1 (January 11, 2013): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ntdr.v1i1.7370.

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The Context: People have traveled throughout history as they have moved from one place to another for various reasons. However, as a business and as guided by individual and group’s voluntary activity, it flourished after the second half of the 20th century, especially after the Second World War. Nepal followed a similar pattern as it was opened for outsiders only after 1950. Since then Nepal’s natural beauty within various ecological zones and its rich cultural heritage have attracted large number of tourists annually from around the world and particularly from Western Europe. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ntdr.v1i1.7370 Nepal Tourism and Development Review Vol.1(1) 2011 56-68

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Shrestha, Rajan, and Baidya Nath Mahto. "Screening of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for rust-resistance and assessment on prevalence and distribution of the rust diseases in wheat production fields." Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 4, no. 2 (January 1, 2021): 186–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i2.33741.

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Evaluation of 45 wheat genotypes was performed to quantify genetic responses to inoculation of rust pathogens in aqueous suspension at the early vegetative stage. The study was conducted in field conditions at Plant Pathology Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur, Nepal in winter, 2013. Results showed large variations of rust resistance on wheat genotypes. Thirty-six genotypes were susceptible to yellow rust (YR), 18 had high severity, 7 had moderate severity, 6 had low severity, 5 had trace reactions, while 9 were rust-resistant. Old varieties (Lerma-52, Kalayansona, RR-21, NL-30, HD-1982, UP-262, Lumbini, Vinayak, Vaskar, Nepal-297, Nepal-251, BL-1135, Annapurna-4, Achyut, Rohini, and BL-1473) had high severities of YR, but relatively recent cultivars had medium severities. YR was severe (100S) in genotypes HD-1982, Vaskar, Vijay, and Rohini followed by RR-21, NL-30, UP-262, Nepal-297, BL-1135, and Annapurna-4 (90S). The pipeline cultivars: Aditya, NL-971, BL-3503, BL-3623, NL-1008, NL-1064, Becard#1, and Chyakhura-1 had trace to moderate reactions of YR with low severity indices. But varieties Vijay and NL-1055 showed high severity of YR (100S and 80S, respectively). Overall, leaf rust (LR) was minor while stem rust (SR) developed in traces on a single genotype (Annapurna-1). A survey of wheat rusts across 66 production fields revealed the prevalence of YR and LR at high levels, but none on SR. The occurrence of LR was higher than YR; 48.48% vs 36.36% of assessed fields, respectively. YR was a primary concern of rust diseases with most fields under high severity (62.5%) and incidence (54.16%) levels. LR had low incidence and moderate severity levels. A considerable gap exists between an extension of such research outcomes and the producers, who demonstrated little know-how on wheat rusts and varieties. These results may support and enhance varietal selection, breeding programs, and effective management and control strategies against wheat rust diseases.

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Holden, A. "Investigating trekkers’ attitudes to the environment of Annapurna, Nepal." Tourism Management 24, no. 3 (June 2003): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-5177(02)00079-1.

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YIN, ZI-WEI, and SERGEY A. KURBATOV. "Schmidtinus annapurnensis, a new genus and species of Batrisitae from Nepal (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae)." Zootaxa 5169, no. 1 (July 27, 2022): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5169.1.7.

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Schmidtinus annapurnensis Yin & Kurbatov gen. et sp. nov. of the pselaphine tribe Batrisini is described from the Annapurna mountains of Nepal, with the habitus and major diagnostic features illustrated. The morphological features that distinguish Schmidtinus gen. nov. from related batrisine genera are discussed.

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Waterhouse, J. B. "Megalosia, a new strophalosiid (Brachiopoda) genus from the Late Permian Nisal Member, Manang District, Nepal." Journal of Paleontology 62, no. 01 (January 1988): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000058856.

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A new strophalosiid,Megalosia chuluensisn. gen. and sp., from the Nisal Member, Senja Formation, in the Manang district north of Mt. Annapurna, north-central Nepal, is of early Dorashamian or Changhsingian (Late Permian) age.Wyndhamia circularisChang, from slightly older faunas of south Tibet, might be congeneric.

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Waterhouse, J. B. "Megalosia, a new strophalosiid (Brachiopoda) genus from the Late Permian Nisal Member, Manang District, Nepal." Journal of Paleontology 62, no. 1 (January 1988): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000017972.

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A new strophalosiid,Megalosia chuluensisn. gen. and sp., from the Nisal Member, Senja Formation, in the Manang district north of Mt. Annapurna, north-central Nepal, is of early Dorashamian or Changhsingian (Late Permian) age.Wyndhamia circularisChang, from slightly older faunas of south Tibet, might be congeneric.

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Rayamajhi, Shraddha. "Linkage between Tourism and Climate Change: A Study of the Perceptions of Stakeholders along the Annapurna Trekking Trail." Nepal Tourism and Development Review 2, no. 1 (January 13, 2013): 60–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ntdr.v2i1.7380.

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This paper explores the relationship between tourism and climate change. It takes the perceptions of the stakeholders in the tourism sector, mainly the lodge-owners, guides and tourists in the Annapurna Trekking Trail. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ntdr.v2i1.7380 Nepal Tourism and Development Review Vol.2(1) 2012 60-86

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Raya, Balaram. "Disaster Challenges in Tourism Industry and Local Communities in the Annapurna Conservation Area." Tribhuvan University Journal 35, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v35i2.36190.

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Tourism is providing various opportunities to the stakeholders from local residents to national government in the country. Tourism sector has contributed 10.4 % of global GDP and 9.9 % of total employment in 2017 while 4.3 % GDP and 3.5 % of total employment of Nepal depended on tourism in 2014. Annapurna Circuit comprises most popular trekking route in the world with 22 feasible trekking sub-routes. The tourist flow has steadily increased from beginning to the recent time except for a few years in the insurgency period. The arrival of tourists in the Annapurna region has significantly decreased due to Snow Storm in 2014and Earthquake in 2015. These natural disasters have also severely damaged the infrastructures of tourism industry. As a result, tourism sector has been unable to continue job and create regular income regularly to the local people of ACA as well as high Mountain areas of Nepal in a consecutive years. It is necessary to cope with the problem by following resilience strategy to recover tourism in the future.

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Dhakal, Hemanta, Dharma Giri, Anisha Rana, Bipana M. Sadadev, Prasant Ghimire, Kritagya Gyanwali, Binita Karki, and Manshanta Ghimire. "Survey on the Avian Diversity along the Annapurna Sanctuary Trekking Route in Western Nepal." ZOO-Journal 5 (December 31, 2019): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/zooj.v5i0.34934.

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A bird survey was carried out on one of Nepal’s most popular trekking destinations, Annapurna Base Camp in the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA). ACA trekking route was selected as our transect line. Direct observation method and call count method were used during the survey following the transect line. A total of 166 species were recorded representing nine orders and 39 families. The main objective of the present work was to study the avian diversity. Eight nationally threatened and three globally threatened bird species were recorded during the survey. White-rumped vulture Gyps bengalensis (Gmelin) and Red-headed vulture Sarcogyps calvus (Scopoli) (critically endangered species) were also recorded. The abundancy of Rufous sibia Malacias capistratus (Vigors) was higher, while Nepal house martin Delichon nipalense (Moore) had the highest number. Hunting, excessive harvesting of bamboo shoots, orchids, overgrazing and improper management of solid waste were directly observed threats.

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Shrestha, Sujata, Rajesh Kumar Rai, Pratik Bhattarai, Anup KC, and Lokendra Adhikari. "Conservation Finance of Annapurna Conservation Area during COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Tourism & Adventure 6, no. 1 (September 19, 2023): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jota.v6i1.58583.

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Annapurna Conservation Area is considered as the only self-financed protected area in Nepal. With the aim of investigating the impact caused by COVID-19 on income and expenditure of Annapurna Conservation Area and its conservation activities, the study gathered primary data by interviewing representatives from different committees related to tourism, youth, women, and local people. Similarly, audit reports from Conservation Area Management Committee offices and Annapurna Conservation Area headquarter office were taken as secondary data. The income reduced by 36 percent in the fiscal year 2076/77 as pandemic effects began and further plummeted by 96.5 percent after a complete lockdown and travel limitations in the following year. Consequently, expenses for thematic areas and budget allocation for different management committees significantly declined. As a result, the committees minimized but did not stop spending their budget on conservation initiatives. The study recommends diversifying the income sources of the conservation area through effective rangeland management, prioritization of forest-based enterprises, utilizing the available resources, and policy reform in tourism fee collection.

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Baral, Rishi, Tulasi P. Dahal, Suresh Thapa, Dhan K. Gurung, and Raju Acharya. "Cinnamon Bittern, Ixobrychus cinnamomeus (Gmelin) from Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." ZOO-Journal 5 (December 31, 2019): 97–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/zooj.v5i0.34935.

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Suzuki, Shigeyuki, Megh Raj Dhital, Kohki Yoshida, Toshio Kawamura, Amar Deep Regmi, Babu Ram Gyawali, Kazuo Otomo, Akiko Yamanaka, and Hirokazu Yukawa. "Folded structures of Tethyan sedimentary succession, Annapurna region, Nepal Himalaya." Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 116, no. 6 (2010): VII—VIII. http://dx.doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.116.6.vii_viii.

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Brown, Richard L., and Jeffrey H. Nazarchuk. "Annapurna detachment fault in the Greater Himalaya of central Nepal." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 74, no. 1 (1993): 461–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1993.074.01.31.

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Searle, Mike. "Geological research in the Nepal Himalaya. Annapurna, Manaslu, Ganesh Himal." Journal of Structural Geology 10, no. 5 (January 1988): 534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(88)90043-0.

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Khadka, Damodar, and Sanjay K. Nepal. "Local Responses to Participatory Conservation in Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Environmental Management 45, no. 2 (December 5, 2009): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-009-9405-6.

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Craw, D. "Fluid evolution during uplift of the Annapurna Himal, central Nepal." Lithos 24, no. 2 (March 1990): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(90)90021-r.

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Heil, Ellison John. "Through the eyes of Asa; the role of integrated conservation development programs in Ghandruk, Nepal." World Journal of Environmental Research 7, no. 1 (September 7, 2017): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/wjer.v7i1.2386.

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AbstractThe Annapurna Conservation Area Project (ACAP) is growing in popularity as Nepal’s largest protected area. The National Trust for Nature Conservation uses the sustained revenue generation from the tourism industry to implement Integrated Conservation Development Programs (ICDP). These programs focus on promoting participatory interaction with the local villages of the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) in an attempt to develop them into sovereign and self-sustaining communities. When ACAP was first established in Ghandruk to control the rapid rate of deforestation caused by increases in population and tourism, the development efforts and empowerment activities were targeted toward hotel owners. This served to marginalize the farmers and communities unrelated to the tourism industry. This study’s purpose is to examine the impact that the tourism industry has in promoting ‘people oriented’ conservation and the attitudes of Ghandruk’s marginalized populations towards ACAP’s ICDP developments, with a focus on conservation awareness. Information was gathered through semi-structured and unstructured interviews with ACAP officials, local management committee staff and marginalized populations of women and Dalits. This information was used to focus on understanding how ACAP has incorporated participation of marginal groups in Ghandruk into conservation programs. Ultimately the felling of trees for guesthouse construction resulting in the loss of natural habitat for apex predators, the absence of scientific research, and the disregard for the environmentally oriented marginal groups of Northwestern Ghandruk has placed an emphasis on tourism based development that overshadows the conservation of biodiversity and natural resources in the Annapurna Conservation Area. Keywords: Development studies, natural resources and conservation, natural resources management policy.

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Adhikari, Tirtha Raj, and Lochan Prasad Devkota. "Climatic Water Balance of Annapurna, Langtang and Khumbu regions of Nepal Himalaya." Journal of Hydrology and Meteorology 8, no. 1 (August 30, 2016): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jhm.v8i1.15571.

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For the protection of the environment, climatic water balance studies play key role. This study attempts to assess the potential water availability at the Annapurna, Langtang and Khumbu regions of Nepal Himalaya. Potential evapotranspitration (PET) is calculated by CROPWAT 8 with the help of maximum and minimum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine hour. The climatic water balance of water bodies is calculated on the basis of Thornthwait procedure. These calculations help to examine annual water surplus (WS) and water deficit (WD) periods. Potential water surplus at three selected station is calculated by above techniques after averaging the data of time period from 1987 to 2008. The main aim of this study is to compare the obtained result from the climatic water balance for the selected sites of the Nepal Himalaya region. This study will provide climatic water balance information of the given area which will be useful for sustainable management of water resources in local and small area of the Nepal Himalaya.Journal of Hydrology and Meteorology, Vol. 8(1) p.47-57

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Khattri, Man Bahadur. "The Trans-Himalayan Livelihood: Opportunities and Challenges in Tourism Development in Upper Mustang, Nepal." Journal of Tourism & Adventure 6, no. 1 (September 19, 2023): 18–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jota.v6i1.58560.

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The people, places, and livelihoods of the Himalayan regions in Nepal are great attractions to tourists for multiple activities. However, mountain livelihood as tourist product has been little attention. This paper aims to present the Loba livelihood of the Upper Mustang, a trans-Himalayan region of Nepal as an intangible heritage, where the Government of Nepal began high-yielding tourism in 1992. Similarly, it focuses on opportunities and challenges of tourism development in the Upper Mustang. The paper is based on anthropological fieldwork conducted for the PhD, at Tribhuvan University, Nepal. The qualitative data were collected by applying observation and interview methods. The quantitative data were collected by Annapurna Conservation Area Project, Lo-manthang, and Jomsom. The important observable tourist goods in the study area include scenic desert-like natural surroundings, sacred sites, Himalayan festivals, rituals, local organic food items, and high altitude agricultural and pastoral practices. Similarly, the visitors are amazed and attracted by these tangible as well as intangible cultural heritages of Loba. The heritage includes the “mud-walled city of Lo-manthang”, medieval monasteries, palaces, and cave dwellings. The Loba livelihood is unique and a great attraction to domestic as well as international tourists for those who have no opportunity to experience a similar livelihood elsewhere. According to the Annapurna Conservation Area Project (ACAP), Lo-manthang Unit Office records 52559 (1992-2019) foreign tourists visited Upper Mustang, which is increasing by 144 tourists per year. This study contributes to the local, provincial, and federal governments to plan further development of tourism in the Himalayan region.

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KLJUYKOV, EUGENE, DMITRY LYSKOV, ULIANA UKRAINSKAJA, TAHIR SAMIGULLIN, and ELENA TERENTIEVA. "Heracleum piliferum (Apiaceae), a new species from central Nepal." Phytotaxa 500, no. 3 (May 13, 2021): 166–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.500.3.2.

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A new species, Heracleum piliferum (Apiaceae), is described from the Annapurna mountain massif, central Nepal. The new species is related to H. forrestii and H. hemsleyanum and differs from them in dense pubescence of petioles, short triangular sheaths of stem leaves, 2-pinnate leaf blades, shallow notched terminal leaf segments, crenulate leaf margin, larger terminal umbels, and broadly winged lateral ribs of the mericarps.

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Gurung, Ram Bahadur, and Rishi Baral. "The first record of European roller Coracias garrulus Linnaeus, 1758 for Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Zoology 6, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njz.v6i2.51886.

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European roller Coracias garrulus was recorded and photographed for the first time in Nepal on 29 August 2021 at Kekighan, Lomanthang Rural Municipality Ward Number-5, Upper Mustang (29° 10.779’ N, 83° 58.218’E) at an elevation of 3781 m in the Annapurna Conservation Area by the first author who considered it was an immature bird. Later, a photograph of the bird was used for confirmation of its identification.

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Subedi, Mukti Ram, and Yajna Prasad Timilsina. "Distribution Pattern of Cinnamomum tamala in Annapurna Conservation Area, Kaski, Nepal." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 15, no. 2 (February 15, 2015): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v15i2.12110.

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To assess the ecological process and to find the factors responsible for pattern formation, analysis of spatial pattern of the species is of paramount importance. With a view to analyze the distribution pattern of the Cinnamomum tamala spp., this study utilized the data obtained from the phyto-sociological survey of natural vegetation carried out in Mijure Danda Village Development Committee during June and July of 2009. Nested quadrats of 10m×10m, 5m×5m, and 1m×1m were used to collect the data from tree, sapling, and seedling, respectively. Dispersion indices: variance to mean ratio (I), index of Morisita (Iä), coefficient of Green (Cx), and the k exponent of negative binomial distribution were used to identify the distribution pattern of the species. Test of significance of I, and Iäprovided the information on rejection of null hypothesis: C. tamala does not follow the random distribution. The K exponent of negative binomial distribution suggests moderate contiguous pattern, which is in line with the previous studies of vegetation elsewhere. Since this study used the cross-sectional data, monitoring of species at different temporal and spatial scale focused around various level of sampling, and accumulation of significant data on other physical elements is prescribed for future study to fill the gap of information about this species.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/njst.v15i2.12110Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 15, No.2 (2014) 29-36

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BARAL, NABIN. "Evaluation and resilience of ecotourism in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Environmental Conservation 41, no. 1 (October 17, 2013): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892913000350.

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SUMMARYEcotourism has been promoted to reconcile seemingly conflicting goals of tourism development and nature conservation. Given its importance, how has ecotourism fared in the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) and how resilient was it to the Maoist insurgency in Nepal (1996–2006)? Drawing upon more than 10 months of field research, participant observation, semi-structured surveys and content analysis of 21 annual reports, ecotourism was evaluated by organizing ACA's programmes and activities under the four major emerging themes, namely local capacity building, waste management, education and infrastructure development; the most prominent theme was local capacity building. Annual visitor numbers declined during the insurgency, but ecotourism managed to survive, mainly due to self-organization of local tourism entrepreneurs. Local tourism entrepreneurs facilitated self-organization through capacity building and diversification of livelihoods. In the aftermath of the insurgency, visitor numbers rebounded and ecotourism continued to develop and evolve; ecotourism was thus resilient to the insurgency. Building local capacity, facilitating self-organization and diversifying livelihoods can enhance the resilience of ecotourism, sustaining stability and helping to deal with uncertainty.

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Nepal, Sanjay K. "Tourism-induced rural energy consumption in the Annapurna region of Nepal." Tourism Management 29, no. 1 (February 2008): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.03.024.

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Baral, Nabin, and Marc J. Stern. "Capital Stocks and Organizational Resilience in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Society & Natural Resources 24, no. 10 (October 2011): 1011–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2010.495372.

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Chhetri, Nar Bahadur, Bijaya Dhami, Bijaya Neupane, Bipana Maiya Sadadev, and Nabaraj Thapa. "Distributional evidence and threats to cheer pheasant (Catreus wallichii) in Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Zoology 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njz.v4i2.33906.

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Cheer pheasant, a vulnerable species in the pheasant family, Phasianidae, is found distributed through the southern foothills of the Himalayas from Pakistan to Nepal. In Nepal, it has been recorded from few areas including the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) in central Nepal. However, no systematic survey has been conducted on this shy species in the ACA since 2010. Thus, this study represents a general picture of cheer pheasant distribution and potential threats in Lete and Kunjo Rural Municipalities of Mustang district within the ACA by establishing vantage points in different locations. Among ten vantage stations, cheer pheasants were detected from all stations in Kunjo but only from three stations in Lete. The major threats to the species were found to be overgrazing, habitat fragmentation and hunting/snaring. For the effective conservation of cheer pheasants, a conservation program should be promptly formulated and implemented in Mustang district.

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Shrestha, Bikram Shrestha, Naresh Subedi, and Ram Chandra Kandel. "Jungle Cat Felis chaus Schreber, 1777 (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) at high elevations in Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Journal of Threatened Taxa 12, no. 2 (February 13, 2020): 15267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.5580.12.2.15267-15271.

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To date, the Jungle Cat Felis chaus has been recorded in the lowlands and mid-hills in Nepal. Photographic evidence, however, is scarce, particularly in alpine habitat. Here we present the first photographic records of the Jungle Cat in an alpine habitat in Lower Mustang of the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal. It was recorded by camera traps at elevations of 3,000–3,100 m in 2014 and 2016 in 10 detections during 2,755 trap days. In July 2016, one individual was sighted at an elevation of 3,300m. The habitat of these records comprised riverbed, a poultry farm adjacent to agricultural land and shrubland of Juniper and Caragana species.

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Shrestha, Resha, Takaomi Taira, Pranaya Shrestha, Pravesh Rajbhandari, Sudan Dhakal, Samir Acharya, Chandra Prakash Limbu, and Basant Pant. "Result of Pallidotomy in Parkinson’s Disease in Nepal." Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njn.v13i2.20479.

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Surgical treatment of Parkinsons disease (PD) has already been an established treatment. Currently pallidotomy, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) of Globus pallidus internus (GPi) and Subthalamic nucleus (STN) are available mode of surgical treatment of PD. We have included all patients of idiopathic Parkinosons disease who underwent pallidotomy in Annapurna Neurological Institute and Allied Sciences since 2014. The demographics of the patients have been shown and the patient’s improvement has been shown by Unifi ed Parkinsons Disease Rating Score (UPDRS). We have found that pallidotomy is still a promising surgical modality but it is advised to perform either unilaterally or staged bilaterally with at least 3 months gap inbetween.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience. Vol. 13, No. 2, 2016, Page: 68-72

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Zerche, Lothar. "Eine neue Pseudopsis-Art aus Nepal und neue Funde von Pseudopsis-Arten (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Pseudopsinae)." Beiträge zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 50, no. 1 (April 11, 2000): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/contrib.entomol.50.1.75-78.

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Pseudopsis crenata sp. n. aus Nepal, Südabdachung des Annapurna-Massivs, wird beschrieben und mit verwandten oder ähnlichen Arten verglichen. Der Aedoeagus und der Umriss des Pronotums mit dessen Längskielen werden abgebildet. Die Tabelle der paläarktischen Arten (Zerche 1998) wird modifiziert, um die neue Art einzufügen. Pseudopsis susae Herman, 1983 wird zum ersten Mal aus China gemeldet. Für Pseudopsis watanabei Herman, 1975 wird ein weiterer Fund von Honshu mitgeteilt.Nomenklatorische Handlungencrenata Zerche, 2000 (Pseudopsis), spec. n.

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Adhikari, Jagan Nath, Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai, and Tej Bahadur Thapa. "HUMAN-WILD MAMMAL CONFLICT IN A HUMAN DOMINATED MIDHILL LANDSCAPE: A CASE STUDY FROM PANCHASE AREA IN CHITWAN ANNAPURNA LANDSCAPE, NEPAL." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 23, no. 1 (December 30, 2018): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v23i1.22158.

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Issues of human wildlife conflict (HWC) always challenges in conservation and management. Crop raiding, property damage, livestock depredation and human casualties are the most common forms of conflict. It was investigated the issues of human wild mammal conflict in and around the Panchase area in Chitwan Annapurna Landscape of Nepal from March 2017 to April 2018 using semi-structured questionnaires and focal group discussion. Wide spread human wildlife conflict was observed in Panchase area. Monkey, muntjac deer, porcupine and rabbit were the main crop raider that resulted in total economic loss of US$ 29.56 per household (HH). Overall economic loss by livestock depredation was estimated US$ 11254.54 (US$ 112.54/HH). Leopard contributed to the highest cases of livestock depredation. A total of five human attack cases were recorded including one fatal and four injuries. Himalayan black bear contributed to 80 % of the total attacks and 20 % by leopards. Present study focused on the issues and status of conflicts in the Panchase area, a representative of midhills and Chitwan Annapurana Landscape. This study suggests that future study related to mitigation and preventing methods should be conducted to minimize the issues of human wildlife conflicts.

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KATAEV, BORIS M., and JOACHIM SCHMIDT. "Brachypterous ground beetles of the Trichotichnus subgenus Bottchrus Jedlička (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from the Himalaya, with description of fifteen new species." Zootaxa 4323, no. 3 (September 22, 2017): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4323.3.1.

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The paper deals with the taxonomy of brachypterous species of the subgenus Bottchrus Jedlička, 1935 of the genus Trichotichnus Morawitz, 1863 occurring in the Himalayan region. The following new species are described: T. (B.) baglungensis sp. n. from the Baglung Lekh mountain range, Baglung District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) parvulus sp. n. from Mt. Panchhase and the Krapa Danda mountain range, Kaski District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) bubsaensis sp. n. from the eastern slope of the middle Dudh Koshi Valley near Bubsa, Solu Khumbu District, eastern Central Nepal; T. (B.) schawalleri sp. n. from the western slope of the Arun Valley, Bhojpur District, East Nepal; T. (B.) obliquebasalis sp. n. from the Khimti Khola Valley near Shivalaya, Dolakha District, eastern Central Nepal; T. (B.) panchhaseensis sp. n. from Mt. Panchhase, Kaski District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) siklesensis sp. n. from the Sikles mountain range on the southern slope of Annapurna Peak II, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) pusillus sp. n. from the south-western slopes of Manaslu Himal (Bara Pokhari Lekh and Dudh Pokhari Lekh mountain ranges), and from the south-eastern slope of Annapurna Himal (Telbrung Danda mountain range), Lamjung District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) ganeshensis sp. n. from the south-western slope of Ganesh Himal, Nuwakot District, Central Nepal; T. (B.) minutus sp. n. from the mountains surrounding the Kathmandu Valley (Shivapuri Lekh, Mt. Phulchoki), Central Nepal; T. (B.) gupchiensis sp. n. from the Gupchi Danda mountain range on the south-eastern slope of Manaslu Himal, Gorkha District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) brancuccii sp. n. from the southern slope of the Helambu mountain range, Sindhupalchok District, Central Nepal; T. (B.) manasluensis sp. n. from the Bara Pokhari Lekh mountain range on the south-western slope of Manaslu Himal, Lamjung District, western Central Nepal; T. (B.) sikkimensis sp. n. from Pelling near Geyzing, West Sikkim, India; T. (B.) martensi sp. n. from the western slopes of the Singalila mountain range, Taplejung District, East Nepal. The following four species are redescribed: brachypterous T. (B.) holzschuhi Kirschenhofer, 1992; T. (B.) cyanescens Ito, 1998; T. (B.) hingstoni Andrewes, 1930; and dimorphic T. (B.) birmanicus Bates, 1892; and new data on their distribution are provided. The lectotype is designated for T. hingstoni Andrewes, 1930. The following two new synonyms are proposed: Trichotichnus birmanicus Bates, 1892 = T. (Bellogenus) probsti Kirschenhofer, 1992, syn. n., and T. hingstoni Andrewes, 1930 = T. (Pseudotrichotichnus) curvatus Ito, 1996, syn. n. The brachypterous and dimorphic species of Bottchrus known from the Himalaya are divided into eight informal groups based mostly on the degree of reduction of hindwings and the configuration of the median lobe of the aedeagus, and their relationships are briefly discussed. The distributional data of all these species are mapped.

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Tiruwa, Babu Lal, Ashok Subedi, and Raj Kumar Gurung. "Floristic Diversity of Vascular Plants in Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA), Gandaki Province, Nepal." Journal of Plant Resources 20, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bdpr.v20i2.56973.

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The Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) is the first and largest conservation area in Nepal and one of the richest protected areas of Nepal in terms of biodiversity. But the richness of the floristic diversity in ACA is not well documented. The present study was done through a review of the published and authentic works of literatures such as journals, books, reports to explore the diversity of vascular plants in the entire ACA. This study documented a total of 1,739 species of vascular plants belonging to 771 genera and 154 families, comprising 118 species of fern and fern allies, 16 species of Gymnosperms and 1,605 species of Angiosperms respectively. Asteraceae with 56 genera and 149 species was found to be the largest family, followed by Poaceae (61 genera, 91 species), Fabaceae (42 genera, 83 species), Rosaceae (23 genera, 82 species), Orchidaceae (43 genera, 81 species), Ranunculaceae (11 genera, 73 species) and Lamiceae (29 genera, 58 species) respectively. Similarly, Saxifraga was found to be the largest genera with 28 species followed by Primula (26 species), Potentilla (19 species), Pedicularis (18 species), Saussurea and Gentiana (17 species each) and Berberis (16 species) respectively. In terms of growth form (habits) of the species found in ACA, trees (11% species), shrubs (14% species), herbs (69% species) and climbers (6% species) respectively. Total 102 species of Angiosperms were found to be the Endemic to Nepal from ACA. The rich diversity of vascular plants reflects that ACA is the central point for wide range of compositions of eastern and western Himalayan floristic components.

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Bhatta, Kishan Datta. "Exploring Socio-cultural Impacts of Ecotourism in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Journal of Engineering Technology and Planning 1 (December 1, 2019): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/joetp.v1i0.38245.

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Ecotourism is supposed to be culturally respectful and an agent to enhance indigenous values, culture and heritage conservation through ethical and responsible approach of development. Acknowledging its potential benefits, developing countries like Nepal have promoted ecotourism as a benign and alternative strategy to attract foreign capital particularly by showing indigenous culture, heritage and environmental resources to the tourists. However, in reality, ecotourism has also demonstrated its short-comings that have caused severe environmental damage and socio-cultural problems. In this regard, by adopting multiple techniques of data collection such as survey with households, interview with key informants, participant observation and archival study, this paper examines the role of ecotourism in the conservation of local culture and heritage, and explores the perceived socio-cultural impacts of ecotourism development in the Annapurna Sanctuary Trail in Annapurna region. Research Findings reveal that ecotourism has induced both positive and negative consequences on the local culture and social life. On one hand, social facilities and infrastructure such as road, school, health post, drinking water, and tele-communication have been improved in the settlements along the trail. On the other hand, local culture, traditions and architectural heritage have been threatened by the tourism development. The key objective of ecotourism i.e. conservation of local heritage and culture, is not fully achieved, however local people perceived significant benefits in terms of conservation of biodiversity and economic benefits. The lack of control on the construction of private buildings, and no specific attention on the vernacular architecture, and local cultural practices has pushed communities towards crisis of cultural identity. It recommends to the relevant stakeholders, specifically the government, for adopting comprehensive policies of ecotourism development particularly to promote cultural heritage conservation and sustainability in the region.

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Gautam, Bivek, Mukesh Kumar Chalise, Kul Bahadur Thapa, and Santosh Bhattarai. "Distributional patterns of amphibians and reptiles in Ghandruk, Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Reptiles & Amphibians 27, no. 1 (December 16, 2020): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v27i1.14440.

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In May and October 2017, we assessed the distribution and diversity of herpetofauna in the Ghandruk region of the Annapurna Conservation Area. Using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) protocol on 11 randomly selected transects, we recorded 662 individuals of 25 herpetofaunal species (12 amphibians and 13 reptiles). Species richness and abundance declined with increases in elevation but only the correlation between elevation and abundance was significant. Neither amphibians nor reptiles were uniformly distributed among different habitats, and species richness of both amphibians and reptiles varied significantly among habitat types. The greatest amphibian species richness was in wetlands, whereas that of reptiles was highest in forests.

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Luitel, Dol Raj, Pramod K. Jha, Mohan Siwakoti, Madan Lall Shrestha, and Rangaswamy Munniappan. "Climatic Trends in Different Bioclimatic Zones in the Chitwan Annapurna Landscape, Nepal." Climate 8, no. 11 (November 20, 2020): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8110136.

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The Chitwan Annapurna Landscape (CHAL) is the central part of the Himalayas and covers all bioclimatic zones with major endemism of flora, unique agro-biodiversity, environmental, cultural and socio-economic importance. Not much is known about temperature and precipitation trends along the different bioclimatic zones nor how changes in these parameters might impact the whole natural process, including biodiversity and ecosystems, in the CHAL. Analysis of daily temperature and precipitation time series data (1970–2019) was carried out in seven bioclimatic zones extending from lowland Terai to the higher Himalayas. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall test was applied to determine the trends, which were quantified by Sen’s slope. Annual and decade interval average temperature, precipitation trends, and lapse rate were analyzed in each bioclimatic zone. In the seven bioclimatic zones, precipitation showed a mixed pattern of decreasing and increasing trends (four bioclimatic zones showed a decreasing and three bioclimatic zones an increasing trend). Precipitation did not show any particular trend at decade intervals but the pattern of rainfall decreases after 2000AD. The average annual temperature at different bioclimatic zones clearly indicates that temperature at higher elevations is increasing significantly more than at lower elevations. In lower tropical bioclimatic zone (LTBZ), upper tropical bioclimatic zone (UTBZ), lower subtropical bioclimatic zone (LSBZ), upper subtropical bioclimatic zone (USBZ), and temperate bioclimatic zone (TBZ), the average temperature increased by 0.022, 0.030, 0.036, 0.042 and 0.051 °C/year, respectively. The decade level temperature scenario revealed that the hottest decade was from 1999–2009 and average decade level increases of temperature at different bioclimatic zones ranges from 0.2 to 0.27 °C /decade. The average temperature and precipitation was found clearly different from one bioclimatic zone to other. This is the first time that bioclimatic zone level precipitation and temperature trends have been analyzed for the CHAL. The rate of additional temperature rise at higher altitudes compared to lower elevations meets the requirements to mitigate climate change in different bioclimatic zones in a different ways. This information would be fundamental to safeguarding vulnerable communities, ecosystem and relevant climate-sensitive sectors from the impact of climate change through formulation of sector-wise climate change adaptation strategies and improving the livelihood of rural communities.

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Pratt-Sitaula, Beth, Douglas W. Burbank, Arjun M. Heimsath, Neil F. Humphrey, Michael Oskin, and Jaakko Putkonen. "Topographic control of asynchronous glacial advances: A case study from Annapurna, Nepal." Geophysical Research Letters 38, no. 24 (December 28, 2011): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011gl049940.

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Adhikari, Jagan Nath, Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai, Maan Bahadur Rokaya, and Tej Bahadur Thapa. "Ethno-medicinal uses of vertebrates in the Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape, central Nepal." PLOS ONE 15, no. 10 (October 30, 2020): e0240555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240555.

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Parsons, Andrew J., Richard D. Law, Michael P. Searle, Richard J. Phillips, and Geoffrey E. Lloyd. "Geology of the Dhaulagiri-Annapurna-Manaslu Himalaya, Western Region, Nepal. 1:200,000." Journal of Maps 12, no. 1 (December 9, 2014): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2014.984784.

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Christensen, Morten, and Jacob Heilmann-Clausen. "Forest biodiversity gradients and the human impact in Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Biodiversity and Conservation 18, no. 8 (February 3, 2009): 2205–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-009-9583-9.

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Holden, Andrew, and John Sparrowhawk. "Understanding the motivations of ecotourists: the case of trekkers in Annapurna, Nepal." International Journal of Tourism Research 4, no. 6 (2002): 435–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jtr.402.

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Pradhan, Nelish, and C. William Kilpatrick. "Additional Records of Small Mammals Collected from Nepal." Check List 18, no. 2 (April 19, 2022): 369–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/18.2.369.

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Small mammals were surveyed in areas of the Annapurna Conservation Area, Shey Phoksundo National Park, and the Manaslu Conservation Area between 2013 and 2015. We collected 117 specimens representing 10 species of small mammals from two orders, Soricomorpha and Rodentia. We report on localities sampled from Central Nepal expanding known distributions and reporting new sampling localities for Apodemus gurkha Thomas, 1924; Apodemus pallipes (Barrett-Hamilton, 1900); Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758; Niviventer fulvescens (Gray, 1847); Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758); Rattus pyctoris (Hodgson, 1845); Rattus nitidus (Hodgson, 1845); and Soriculus nigrescens (Gray, 1842). Specimens collected from the Manaslu Conservation Area, which had not been previously surveyed, documented the occurrence of four species between previously known collection localities in the Kali Gandaki Valley and the Langtang and Khumbu valleys. Distribution records of Episoriculus soluensis Gruber, 1969 in Nepal are clarified for this recently recognized species.

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VOLYNKIN, ANTON V., AIDAS SALDAITIS, KAREL ČERNÝ, and SI-YAO HUANG. "Taxonomic review of the genus Tarika Moore with descriptions of six new species from Nepal, China and Indochina (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)." Zootaxa 5258, no. 3 (March 29, 2023): 285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5258.3.3.

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The Asiatic footman moth genus Tarika Moore, 1878, which used to be considered as monotypic is reviewed. Six new species are described: T. annapurna sp. n. (Сentral Nepal), T. erlanga sp. n. (China: Sichuan), T. reducta sp. n. (North Thailand), T. danieli sp. n. (China: Yunnan, Sichuan, Fujian, Shandong), T. kinha sp. n. (North Vietnam and China: Yunnan), and T. biserratula sp. n. (China: Hunan). Lectotypes are designated for Lithosia varana Moore, 1865 and Tarika nivea Moore, 1878. Adults, male and female genitalia are illustrated.

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Schutgens, Maurice G., Jonathan H. Hanson, Nabin Baral, and Som B. Ale. "Visitors’ willingness to pay for snow leopard Panthera uncia conservation in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal." Oryx 53, no. 4 (March 20, 2018): 633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605317001636.

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AbstractThe Vulnerable snow leopard Panthera uncia experiences persecution across its habitat in Central Asia, particularly from herders because of livestock losses. Given the popularity of snow leopards worldwide, transferring some of the value attributed by the international community to these predators may secure funds and support for their conservation. We administered contingent valuation surveys to 406 international visitors to the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal, between May and June 2014, to determine their willingness to pay a fee to support the implementation of a Snow Leopard Conservation Action Plan. Of the 49% of visitors who stated they would pay a snow leopard conservation fee in addition to the existing entry fee, the mean amount that they were willing to pay was USD 59 per trip. The logit regression model showed that the bid amount, the level of support for implementing the Action Plan, and the number of days spent in the Conservation Area were significant predictors of visitors’ willingness to pay. The main reasons stated by visitors for their willingness to pay were a desire to protect the environment and an affordable fee. A major reason for visitors’ unwillingness to pay was that the proposed conservation fee was too expensive for them. This study represents the first application of economic valuation to snow leopards, and is relevant to the conservation of threatened species in the Annapurna Conservation Area and elsewhere.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Annapurna (nepal)'

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