Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Années 1910 – Arts – France'
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Barbut, Clélia. "Corps à l'oeuvre, à l'ouvrage et à l'épreuve : sociohistorique des arts de la performance, années 1970." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25980.
Full textTableau d’honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2015-2016
Entre les décennies 1960 et 1980 émergent les courants de l’« art de la performance », du « happening », du « body art », de l’« art corporel » ou encore de l’« art de l’action », qui désignent les démarches des nombreux plasticiens qui font directement intervenir le corps, souvent leur propre corps, dans leurs travaux. À travers les productions des acteurs qui soutiennent ces courants le corps est fabriqué comme un sujet légitime d’attention et de valeur. La thèse décrit l’émergence de ces courants artistiques pendant la décennie 1970 en soutenant qu’ils peuvent et doivent être interrogés comme des phénomènes sociaux. En effet, jamais auparavant autant d’acteurs des mondes de l’art visuel n’avaient décidé simultanément de se tourner vers le corps lui-même, et de le mettre à l’œuvre, à l’ouvrage, à l’épreuve. Interroger leurs productions du point de vue du corps peut permettre de dérouler de comprendre en profondeur la présence incisive et percutante du phénomène. Ces courants viennent poser des questions cruciales à l’anatomie du travail créateur : rapports sociaux de sexe, interactions avec les spectateurs, engagements politiques, marchandisation. L’étude, sociohistorique, focalise autour de trois scènes (France, côtes est et ouest des États-Unis) à partir d’un corpus d’archives documentaires (entretiens, critiques, essais, manifestes, notations, photographies). La thèse comprend un volet d’enquête qui mesure la reconnaissance de ces pratiques, un second volet d’histoire institutionnelle et intellectuelle qui décrit les savoir-faire et les modalités d’énonciation liés aux actions et aux événements et enfin, une topographie qui résume les modèles du corps produits par les gestes les raisonnements des artistes et de leurs commentateurs. Mots-clés : Histoire des corps, art de la performance, critique d’art, féminismes, documentation, sociologie historique.
« Performance art », « body art » and « happenings » appeared on the art scene between the 1960s and the 1980s. The human body was at the heart of these artistic movements, to the extent that many artists embodied their own works. Within such creative processes and productions, the body undeniably became a legitimate subject of attention and value. This dissertation describes the initial stages of the art movements aforementioned, and argues that they must be analyzed as sociological phenomena. Never before had such a larger of artists within the same time period decided to focus on the entity of the body itself, to use and misuse it so intensely. Observing their approaches through the lens of the body allows us to voice critical questions about the anatomy of a creative work - gender relations, interactions with the viewers, political commitments, and marketing. This sociohistorical research studies three landmark art scenes of the time (France, the east coast, and the west coast of the USA), by delving into a documentary material of archives (interviews, reviews, essays, manifestos, notations and photographs). The thesis begins with a sociological inquiry which measures the visibility of these artistic movements; it is followed by a history of the institutional and critical apparatus which described the atistic skills and statements at work within body actions and happenings; lastly, the dissertation presents a topography of the workings of the body, drawn from the artists’ performances and theoretical stances, as well as art critics’ viewpoints and analyses. Key Words : body art, avant-gardes, history of the body, feminisms, documentation, historical sociology.
Girel, Sylvia. "La réception des arts visuels contemporains dans les années 90 : les lieux de diffusion de l'art à Marseille et leurs publics." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0084.
Full textGleyze, Valentin. "Alina Szapocznikow à Paris (1963-1973) : une histoire culturelle du champ élargi de la sculpture en France au tournant des années 1960." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023REN20042.
Full textThe last decade of the Polish sculptor Alina Szapocznikow's (1926-1973) career in Paris is a particularly rich case study for art history. Indeed, while the artist's work between her establishment in the French capital in 1963 and her death in 1973 belonged to sculpture, she challenged its traditional means. Its use of plastic, moulding and readymade objects, its increasing dematerialisation (in connection with conceptual art) and its utilitarian status (in the case of design objects) pushes its towards what has been called the "expanded field" of this medium, in a very singular way. The thesis thus aims to open up Szapocznikow's work in the light of a cultural history of this expanded field of sculpture, situating it within a history of materials, exhibitions, art criticism and the market, and placing it in dialogue with other artists of its time. Our study is divided into two parts which are two unfoldings of Szapocznikow's production in Paris. The first part looks at Szapocznikow and other artists' experiments with the utilitarian object, in the wake of the 1962 exhibition "Antagonismes 2 – L'Objet" at the Musée des Arts Décoratifs, which sparked a vital debate about the role played by artists in inventing "useful forms”. The second part focuses on Szapocznikow's final years, when her experience of cancer reviving the trauma of the concentration camps results in an individual mythology that serves a narrative of the self as a body preparing for imminent death
Schenck, Cécile. "De la crise de l'homme moderne à la construction de l'homme nouveau dans les arts du spectacle (théâtre et danse) français et allemands des années 1880-1920." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030152.
Full textMy thesis bears on the utopia of the New Man, which is supposed to be a remedy to the crisis of the modern man at the end of the 19th century. It also bears on the different conceptions of the social ties by means of which the individual is attached to the community ; it explores these conceptions in two domains of expression : theater and dance, whose diverse manifestations in the field of the French and German arts of expression reflect a large spectrum of esthetic, moral, ideological and political significances. Those manifestations reveal the profound cultural mutations of the years 1880-1920. In a time of great political and intellectual effervescence related to the particular moment of European history, artists and intellectuals incessantly evoke the neccessity of a radical change of the man and the world. It is in the arts of spectacle that this hope appears in its most vivid, but also in its most ambivalent : dramatists and choreographs have the tendency to replace to a properly revolutionary idea by the thematics of a spiritual conversion and redemption, that should reconcile the individual with herself and her community, as we can see, on both sides of the Rhin river, the works inspired by Wagner in the years 1880-1920. From the last pieces of Villiers de l’Isle-Adam to the mystical theater of Péladan and the pre-christian pieces of young Claudel, from the first choral stagings of Rudolf Laban to the parisian representations of the Russian and Swedish ballets, from the People’s Theater to the futurist scene and to the Bauhaus, the dream of a total work of art is indissociable from a manifold reflexion on the possibilities of an esthetic and religious renewal of decadent humanity
Roubaud-Quashie, Guillaume. "Les jeunes communistes en France (1944 - fin des années 1970) : les mutations d'une expérience politique en milieux juvéniles et populaires." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H048.
Full textAs an essay of social history of politics, this work deals about a rare encounter: that one between significant fractions of working class youth, on the one hand, and, on the other, political structures, French juvenile communist organizations, from the Liberation to the 1970s. Upstream, it explores the matrices and ways of politicization of these young. Downstream, it uncovers two distinct models with their own configurations and their respective echoes. It specifies the conditions of mutation of the first one – linked to the youth movement, with a major working class presence – towards the second one – dominated by educated youth with its own horizons and practices
Koering, Elise. "Eileen Gray et Charlotte Perriand dans les années 1920 et la question de l'intérieur corbuséen : essai d'analyse et de mise en perspective." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS013S.
Full textThe Irish furniture designer Eileen Gray and the Romanian architect Jean Badovici complete their life’s great work: the house E 1027. In the meanwhile, Le Corbusier, Pierre Jeanneret and Charlotte Perriand bring to light, to the Parisian public and the international elite, the result of their research about movable furniture made of tubular steel frames, and manufactured-type storage, called as “The Equipment of Habitation”. Two collaborations, two propositions standing for answering the question of Modern Interior. Our thesis intends to study the works of Charlotte Perriand and Eileen Gray in the 20’s, then to analyse by comparing their ideas and achievement. During this decade, both of these artists attempted to define a new organizational way of housing, and to think not only as a designer anymore but also as an architect. The purpose of this discussion is to set these two artists back in their artistic context while bringing out the Corbusier thought about furniture and interior layout
Théault, Chloë. "Regards sur l'histoire de l'art des années 1930 : d'après les catalogues d'expositions français et britanniques des années 1960 et 1970." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082463.
Full textThis analysis deals with the writing of the art history of the 1930s by the first French and British exhibitions catalogues dedicated to it, during the ‘60s and ‘70s. We first question the silence of the museums and galleries on the art of the ‘30s : the role played by social demand, historical analysis and art history practice are examined. An explanation of the emergence of the art of the ‘30s during the ‘60s and ‘70s is then proposed. We underline the fact that the temporal sequence of the second world war comes to an end during the ‘60s and that the evolution of the practices of history and art-history then allowed to think the ‘30s. Finally, the writings of the exhibitions catalogues are analyzed. We examine the position of the catalogues in relation to the modernistic paradigm, then, we show that the evolutions that occurred in the social sciences after the 1930s are nascent in these catalogues
Arzatian, Céline G. "Mode et cinéma en france de 1896 à 1930. Comment habille-t-on les actrices et acteurs ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030022.
Full textThrough a general study of organisation and evolution of costumes in cinema in France, from the birth of the cinematograph to the end of the silent film era, the ambition of this thesis is to study the created links between fashion and cinema, looking at fashion houses participating in creating the costumes of the main movie star. It is also about highlighting what the impact of the costume designer in the costume conception of a character is. This thesis analyses the creation and the evolution of the costume in cinema, through the historical, human, economical and aesthetical perspectives.The first part tackles the birth of the cinematograph and the Lumiere’s operators capturing their first shots, created with the methods inherited from the theatre. Then, this thesis highlights how Georges Méliès styled his stars and extras at the Star Film. Moreover, it points out to the first movie stars realizing that their costumes begin to create their characters for Max Linder, Charles Chaplin and Pearl White. The second part addresses the way French cinema used fashion to try and compete with the American cinema. Then, in a third and fourth part, the analysis focuses on the work of the fashion house when it is called to create and lend (in response to the director) or to only execute (in response to the costume designer) the clothes of the lead actress, for costume movies or with a contemporary subject.Finally, the fifth part points out the convergence points between these two arts: fashion and cinema at a specific time, the end of WW1 where arts stimulate each other and create together the new style of this era. It’s also Louis Delluc’s project, inspired by a fashion review to create a cinema magazine, it’s the introduction of the Fashion Autumn Salon followed by the cinema one, it’s the realization that L’Inhumaine is the tilted point towards this new style and it’s the Art Deco Exhibition confirming fashion and cinema as arts, in this era called the Années folles
Hardier, Thierry. "Les traces rupestres réalisées par les combattants de la guerre de 1914-1918 dans les creutes de l'Ainsne et de l'Oise." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA4033.
Full textIn Aisne and Oise, during the Great War, soldiers occupied underground quarries (called the "creutes") and used them as shelters. On the calcareous walls of these caves, they produced thousands of graffiti, engravings and low reliefs. Our thesis aimed at analysing that huge amount of rupestrian testimonies which allows us to consider it both as a phenomenon and as a direct source. The study of the rupestrian traces has been carried out in two phases. First, we visited 338 sites to establish an inventory. Then, from the inventory (4 566 traces), our methodological approach was based on a quantitative and serial analysis of the testimonies thanks to a database. During the analysis of the corpus, we also confronted those traces with other sources. Eventually, our study was carried out according to the following questions: what is the nature, the interest, the originality but also the limits of that source? Does it contribute to viewing the domains of social and cultural history, as far as the Great War soldiers are concerned, in a new way? And in all those fields, does it bring significant differences between French, German and American soldiers into light?To try and give answers to these questions, the first part of this thesis aimed at replacing the rupestrian phenomenon in its military context and its geographical environment. The second part of the thesis described, from a formal point of view, the rupestrian phenomenon and analysed the elements that determined it. Finally the last part was dedicated to the analysis of the content of the rupestrian traces
Cohen, Emmanuel. "Le théâtre nondramatique : le théâtre des avant-gardes parisiennes des années 1940 aux années 1930 : Gertrude Stein, Dada, surréalisme." Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIE0015.
Full textNondramatic theater refers to a theatrical conception and an artistic practice developed by the historical Parisian avant-gardes, and more precisely by Gertrude Stein, Dadaists, and surrealists. Even though they are more commonly acknowledged for their other achievements in literature, poetry or painting, or even for their rejection of art as a category, yet, theater seems to haunt their productions and discourse. By their refusal of dramatic conventions - from the narrative structure, to the characters and the actors to incarnate them - Gertrude Stein, Dada and surrealism all develop their own critical theatrical works which form together a panorama of the antitheatricalism proper to the Modern era, but also some alternatives and variations to it thought in relation to theater. The plays by Gertrude Stein, Dada and Surreaslim are analyzed through the lens of the scientific and philosophical revolutions of their time, among which William James' theories are fundamental. Stein's conversation and landscape plays, but also the Dada evenings and the numerous manifestoes, can be considered as a variety of attempts to redefine what is theater. Nondramatic theater is thus understood as a set of theatricalities based on the redefinition of the theatrical art, like the primacy of speech, of the performative act, and the revision of the theatrical communication between the artwork and the spectator-reader. New definitions of the subject and of the theater reveal themselves at the crossroads of three aesthetical concepts that are fundamental for the avant-garde : metatheatricality understood as an ontological metalepsis, simultaneity, and finally Primitivism
Kawachi, Akiko. "Les artistes japonais à Paris durant les années 1920 : à travers le Salon de la Société des Artistes Français, le Salon de la Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, le Salon d’Automne, le Salon de la Société des Artistes Indépendants et le Salon des Tuileries." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040188.
Full textDuring the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, not many Japanese artists settled in Paris. However, after the First World War, starting from 1920, a large number of Japanese artists arrived in France. In total two hundred and eight Japanese artists appeared in Parisian Salons during the decade between 1920 and 1929. Most of these artists choose Montparnasse district as their residence. In Paris those days, amongst artists who worked on oil painting called « yô-ga » we can distinguish three movements. The first circulated around Fujita Tsuguharu, a renowned artist who associated the Western painting and the traditional Japanese art. The second gathered a certain number of young artists, such as Saeki Yuzo, who were attracted by the Western painting and the modern painting of Montparnasse. The third movement was of an academic nature: as Kuroda Seiki did, artists were following the teaching of Paris Academies. Other artists choose the route of a more independent art, following the examples of Tanaka Yasushi, Hasegawa Kiyoshi or Oka Shikanosuke, but the number of these artists remains limited, same as those who practiced the technique of Japanese painting, i.e. « Nihon-ga », and also those who practiced sculpture, engraving, lacquer painting, and hangings. The result of going through the data of the documentation centres and photography funds in Japan and in France proves the importance of the presence of Japanese artists on the artistic scenes in Paris during the 1920’s and allows us to comprehend the motives and creations of these artists
Pillard, Thomas. "Négociations identitaires : le film noir français face aux bouleversements de la France d’après-guerre (1946-1960)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100066.
Full textAlthough the term « film noir » is generally associated with Hollywood cinema, this generic label was originally coined in France in reference to French films made in the 1930s, and the « noir » genre defines a transnational form which circulated between Europe and Hollywood. We intend to study « noir » films in French cinema through this lens, highlighting that the genre is rooted in an old French tradition. Our analysis of the evolution of French film noir foregrounds historical and cultural aspects, positing that film noir articulates a critical discourse on modernity. This doctoral thesis shows that the « noir » form underwent changes which evidenced the ambivalence of identity in a nation in transition between 1946 and 1960, that had to negotiate the cultural shift from Occupation to the Consumer society : the « noir realism » cycle expressed a strong pessimism that has nostalgic, masculinist and nationalist implications, in opposition to the « série noire pour rire » which illustrated a playful reappropriation of History and modernity ; last but not least, gangster films built on the contrast between older characters, marked by the burdens of war, and contemporary mutations, including the development of the American way of life in France. Through its diversity, French film noir reveals the contradictions of post-war French society : the country was keen to dive into the future but obsessed with its traumatic past ; in part seduced by the « American model », it was however determined to keep its « French identity »
Prudon, Montserrat. "Les mouvements d'avant-garde entre Barcelone et Madrid (esthétique et idéologie) (1929-1936)." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040223.
Full textThis thesis proposes us to study the various trends which (from europe and especially from paris) made their way into the iberian peninsula, thus generating a flow of exchanges between the two cultural capitals: barcelona and madrid. The dates which determine the period can be accounted for by their historical and cultural significants (universal exibition and civil war). Several unpublished works (essay, correspondance) made it possible to focus on the question in a perspective both aesthetic and ideological. In catalonia, the reaction to avant-garde trends aroused an awarness close to nationalism and determined the attitude of literary and artistic circles, a phenomenon echoed by the centralizing reaction of the capital. The events tackled here are predominantly literary. However, they do not preclude attention to artistic reviews or to other aspects of plastic or musical creation (such as influence of cubism or surrealism and the problematic penetration of serial music). The plural approach adopted in this research combines the perusal of the press, the critical study of text and the analysis of works of art. The resulting conclusions clearly show that, if barcelona did act as the core of all these avant-gardes, the confrontation with new aesthetics conditionned an ideological stand and heralded the dawn of catalanism
Dupont, Valérie. "Le discours anthropologique dans l'art des années 1920-1930 en France, à travers l'exemple des "Cahiers d'art"." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOL008.
Full textThis thesis studies the anthropological discourse found in the pages of "Cahiers d'art", the journal produced by Christian Zervos during the twenties and thirties. The first part of the thesis deals with the development of French ethnology; its theoretical bases, its methods and its initial results. The second chapter deals with the anthropological content of "Cahiers d'art", which draws from the German ethnologist Leo Frobenius who wrote a number of articles for the journal between 1929 and 1930, based on his research carried out in Africa. On a number of points Frobenius' ideas seem close to those of Christian Zervos, in such a way that the humanist approach becomes clear in the agenda of the journal. But the valorisation of tribal cultures and objects at the heart of "Cahiers d'art" also coincides with an attitude which contested western values, comparable to the analysis of the German writer Oswald Spengler which was developed in his book "The decline of the West". In the context of this intellectual connivance between Zervos, Frobenius and Spengler, Zervos' approach to archaic and prehistoric tribal productions is considered by looking at his entire contribution, including his books. The third chapter deals with the artistic circles which established a close relationship with the ethnological milieu, in particular those of the Surrealists : the group centred around both André Breton and Georges Bataille, and the revue documents; as well as the writer and ethnologist Michel Leiris. The last section raises the importance of the discipline of ethnology in the re-introduction of the human subject, both as represented image and as a determining element of art discourse in the thirties. The humanism of "Cahiers d'art' will, in this debate, find its own particular place
Krebs, Sophie. "L'Ecole de Paris, une invention de la critique d'art des années vingt." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0045.
Full text« L’Ecole de Paris », was launched in 1923, in the course of a quarrel said « Quarrel of the Independants », during the organization period of the 1923 and 1924 « Salon ». The art critics, who were in favor of the foreigners, invented this notion to distinguish the foreigners installed in France for a long time, from the true foreigners. They were relying on the fact that a strong immigration movement could be observed in Montparnasse. Thanks to its dominating position in the Press and in the publishing business, this movement revealed artistic networks, which were associating French and foreigner writers and artists, and which were grounded on mutual aid. These networks were crossed with diffuse but very present anarchistic networks. The same art critics fabricated individual or collective myths and of a welcoming city of Paris, which would be eager to let blow all talents from the entire world. Yet, behind this claimed universalism, artcriticism revealed divergent positions along the 1920s, from generous cosmopolitism, to overcautious nationalism, even to a more affirmed xenophobia in the name of the defense of French art. The question of anti-Semitism goes along with the debate on foreigners, and at the same time raises the question of a Jewish School of Paris and Jewish art. At last, in the beginning of the 1930s, a time which marked the end of the “Ecole de Paris”, the museums then grabbed the notion of “Ecole de Paris” in order to introduce modernity. The new “Musée national d’art moderne”, which bound the two collections, does not solve the question which established an “ethnic” distinction, and not an artistic one
Gardon, Sébastien. "Gouverner la circulation urbaine : des villes françaises face à l’automobile (années 1910 - années 1960)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20049/document.
Full textOur thesis investigates the expansion of urban traffic from the early 1910s to the late 1960s. Initially built around the case of Lyon, one of the major French cities nowadays, the study also refers to the situation of others places -namely Marseille, Lille, Bordeaux, Nice, Saint-Etienne and Villeurbanne- in order to further underline the specificities -or lack of- of the city of Lyon. Not only does it rely on municipal archives, but also on national and international archives and periodicals issued by either public authorities or private bodies. Two main themes of interest structure the dissertation: the social construction of a public problem and the related regulation of public intervention. We investigate them through the study of local, as well as national and international, debates over the place of the car in the city. By focusing more precisely on urban governance, we shed light on a « government by commissions » that creates spaces for the co-production of expertise and public intervention by various public and private actors otherwise isolated. Most interestingly, we found that both the topic –how to accommodate the car in the city- and its means of governance –which implication should follow from private as well as public actors- structured progressively through the twentieth century. The study of transportation thus works as a great lens to observe and analyze the reshaping of urban government around the themes of empowerment and governance, at the very heart of political science and public policy analysis
Barré, Dominique. "L'organisation de la surface dans la photographie des années 1970 en France." Paris 8, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA080294.
Full textDuring the 1970's photography enjoyed a rapid expansion. This was also a period of development in ideas and in new york methods. Within this expansion, certain photographers were producing images different from the traditional, as much in the philosophy as in the form. It is the form we are interested in. The representation of space on the two dimensional plane of the photograph is heavy with meaning. This meaning is bound up in the context of the period, just as central perspective is inextricably linked to the renaissance. The photographs presented here are not examples of classical composition. They are characterized more by the idea of emptiness. We wanted to demonstrate how this "emptiness" fits in to the socioideological context of the last two decades in France
Quadrato, Gabriella. "Le laboratoire narratif des années 1910 en France et en Italie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAC021.
Full textThe 1910s were read like those of the avant-gardes, of the "crisis of the novel", of the "intellectual crisis", of the "Belle Epoque",of the "unhappy conscience". The notion of "laboratory" seems well suited to contain this multiplicity. Whether it is a crisis or an explosion of new aesthetics, the common feature of these different interpretations of the period seems to be the reinvention of the conception of the movement. How do narrative works use adventure as a way to reimagine the plot? What are the types of movements narrated and how do they interact with those of the end-of-the-century? On the eve of the First World War, the French and Italian literary fields are close to each other that they almost overlap. Aldo Palazzeschi gave perhaps the best illustration, when he points out that in 1914 "Italy moves to Paris". What is the specific contribution of each of these literary worlds to the reinvention of adventure in the novel? How does the analysis of the exchanges between the two countries help to shed light on the poetics of the movement and to draw its forms? Is it possible to talk about a Franco-Italian axis of narrative renewal? Our thesis aims to use concepts that may be useful to distinguish the features of a certain novel’s era (which cannot be read only as a "paleomodernism" or as a simple extension of the nineteenth century) through the reconciliation of works that are usually dissociated or even forgotten
Gli anni ’10 sono stati letti di volta in volta come gli anni delle avanguardie, della «crisi del romanzo», della «crisi degli intellettuali», della «Belle Époque», della «conscience malheureuse». La nozione di «laboratorio» appare utile per contenere questa molteplicità. Che si tratti di crisi o di effervescenza di nuove strade, il tratto comune delle diverse interpretazioni del periodo sembra essere la riconfigurazione della concezione di movimento. In che maniera le opere narrative utilizzano l’avventura come modo di rigenerazione della parola romanzesca? Quali sono i tipi di movimento narrati e come dialogano con quelli della fin-de-siècle? Alla vigilia della prima guerra mondiale, i mondi letterari francese e italiano sono vicini fin quasi a sovrapporsi. La penna di A. Palazzeschi ne ha dato forse la migliore illustrazione scrivendo, a proposito dell’anno 1914, che “L’Italia ha traslocato a Parigi”. Qual è l’apporto specifico di ciascuno dei due universi letterari alla rinascita dell’avventura nel romanzo? In che maniera l’analisi degli scambi tra i due paesi contribuisce a fare luce sulle poetiche romanzesche del movimento e a disegnarne le forme? È possibile parlare di un asse italo-francese di rinnovamento narrativo? Attraverso uno studio comparativo di opere abitualmente dissociate o cadute nell’oblio, la tesi propone delle nozioni che possano distinguere le specificità di una stagione del romanzo che non può essere letta come un “paleo-modernismo” o come un semplice prolungamento dell’Ottocento
Morel, Gaëlle. "La culture de l'auteur : l'institution de la photographie en France depuis les années 1970." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010588.
Full textAmidon, Catherine S. "La politique artistique française des années trente : étude des expositions en France et à l'étranger." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010663.
Full text"French art and politics in the thirties : a study of french and foreign exhibitions" is an analysis of : paintings in the context of exhibitions, the political ideologies of those who planned these cultural events, and the commentaries of them by critics the wars. The evolution of a system of exhibitions in France, and the diffusion of the values it embraced, developed at the same time as analogous institutions in other countries. The national systems controled in France by non-elected civil servants - provided politically charged input into the international system. In France the works and the exhibitions were used as tools to deal with the social crisis and depression. The image of artistic stability constrasts with the social agitation of protests in the streets in 1934 and the take-overs at the building site of the exposition universelle in Paris in 1937. France, Italy and Germany are the principal countries in this study, although the United States and England are also essential to the understanding of the problems specific to international exhibitions with a directive influence on world politics. This study of exhibitions in the thirties permits the consideration of different and otherwise undefinable aspects of french culture between the wars essential to understanding its' art and politics
Gignac, Melissa. "Du "scénario" au film : la création du long métrage de fiction aux Etats-Unis et en France dans les années 1910." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070087.
Full textMy research focused on both American and French feature-length movies from the 1910s. This work relied on three different complementary approaches: industrial, narrative and aesthetic. I focused on three different societies : the Triangle Film Corporation for the American cinema ; the Films Valetta and the Albert Capellani's movies in the S. C. A. G. L. For the French cinema. The first approach concerns screenwriting practices in the film industry in the 1910's (policy of acquiring literary materiel, creation off specific departments - scenario department, lecture department -, etc. ). The second approach - the narrative one - deals with cultural studies and demonstrates how the feature-length movie leads cinema to develop itself in both discursive and political ways. The hypothesis is this one: the feature-length movie permitted the cinema to develop the power of the movie as a social component. Some case studies about drug-films (dealing with opium), colonial films and also melodramas showed how both French and American societies used cinema to represent themselves and tried to employ films to solve their conflicts and contradictions, by a narrative way. The third approach deals with aesthetic and filmic forms
Grau, Donatien. "Les titres dans la conversation des arts en France De la fin des années 1890 aux années 1920." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7ddfd013-d850-4f2a-b51f-10337126b984.
Full textCapdevila, Elisa. "Les artistes américains à Paris de 1945 à la fin des années soixante." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0057.
Full textThe American myth of Paris, its evolution and decline from 1945 to the late 1960s, is at the core of this study. The GI Bill encouraged many young American artists to come to study in Paris after war. A small group settled in the city, actively taking part in transatlantic exchanges throughout the 1950s. In the late 1950s, a younger generation of artists and members of new avant-gardes arrived in Paris, turning to more collaborative forms of art production. The first part of this thesis deals with the collective life of American artists in Paris. The second part examines the role these expatriate artists played in the promotion of American art in Europe during the Cold War. In the 1950s, American abstract painters in Paris benefited from the sparse exchanges and slow arrival of American art in Europe. They were easily considered as the ambassadors of the new American painting by Europeans eagerly waiting for shows of abstract expressionism. Their artworks met European expectations but also encouraged a partial acceptance of American abstraction, whose violent dimension was rejected in favor of more lyrical forms of abstraction. The American artists who arrived in Paris in the 1960s represented new avant-gardes that were still marginal in the United States – from Chicago new figuration to happenings. They gave a more diverse and complex image of what American art was. Their work was also appreciated in Parisian circles for its radicalism and criticism of the American model
Ornano, Stanislas d'. "Art contemporain et régulation politique dans les années 80 : étude cognitive comparée (Allemagne/France)." Grenoble 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE21004.
Full textBariset, Lucie Virginie. "Paul Iribe, une figure controversée dans l’émergence de l’Art déco." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PA01H058.
Full textAn insatiable creator with a complex personality, it is not easy to define the artistic physiognomy of Paul Iribe. In turn, caricaturist, journalist, decorator, jewellery designer, scenographer, stylist, photographer, publisher, screenwriter, director, costume designer, ... Iribe, like Cocteau, with whom he shares the first years of his creative life, touches everything with an uncommon ease and talent, thus defying all those who would be tempted to confine him to an artistic domain. One observation is clear. If Iribe, in the early 1910s, is omnipresent in all fields of the decorative arts, his furniture creations seem to attract little attention from the specialized French press. This lack of interest from French periodicals is explained, among other things, by the young creator's choice to stay outside of all commercial circuits. While being highly sought after by a wealthy clientele and "very imitated" by his colleagues, Iribe remains aloof from official events. Snobbery in the style of des Esseintes, or does he judge the approach to be unproductive in terms of visibility and therefore profitability? There is a certain paradox in considering that Iribe does "everything" to emerge from anonymity and become an important artistic figure of these 10 years but does nothing to cultivate his popularity. The few articles that pay tribute to him testify to this creative effervescence that proceeds both from prodigy and the art of dispersion. For some, Iribe is the precursor of modern Decorative Art, the one "who showed the way", for others, he is more the man of aborted revolutions, never fully exploiting his brilliant intuitions. Also, to follow the artistic itinerary of Paul Iribe is to follow the path of an original artist, fiercely attached to his freedom, but also to follow the aesthetic problems that confront modern decorator artists in these pre-war years when the "cosmopolitanism quarrel" is in full swing. To follow the journey of Paul Iribe is to understand the complexity of this pivotal period, the passage from one style to another, from Art Nouveau to Art Deco. This "new style", which is being developed in the 1910s, owes at least as much to Paul Iribe as to figures now emblematic of this transition, such as André Groult. The rose and the shagreen, so characteristic of this period, owe to Iribe; for the first its iconic status, for the second, its revival, until it becomes the symbol of Art Deco. Exiled to the United States, where he puts his talent at the service of producer-director Cecil DeMille, he misses the effervescence of the 20s and disappears completely from the Parisian scene. But even more painful is the indifference in which the organizers of the 1925 International Exhibition of Decorative Arts hold him. No reminder is made of this "rose" style. He is forgotten. By exiling himself, Iribe has put himself on the index of all the new trends, of which he was one of the precursors, and which the war has given birth to. Bitterness is emerging. The daring decorator of the pre-war years gives way to a virulent pamphleteer. He launches a campaign against the art of his time and puts all his energy into defending the luxury industries and craftsmanship. But are these really his convictions? His conquest of Gabrielle Chanel and his talents as a publicist, however, suggest new perspectives for his work. Their emotional but also artistic complicity is profitable for him. With this last companion, his talent, intact, is expressed again without restraint
Vernozy, Delphine. "Le livre de ballet, un objet littéraire ? : écrivains et chorégraphes en France des années 1910 aux années 1960." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040214.
Full textMeant to be danced, the libretto should have been a transitory text, hence lacking in literary value. Yet the period from the Ballets Russes to the 1960s saw an unprecedented rise in collaborations between writers and the ballet. Jean Cocteau, Blaise Cendrars, Paul Claudel, Louis-Ferdinand Céline, René Char, Jean Anouilh, Jean Genet and Eugène Ionesco all wrote librettos. But what were writers looking for in this a priori ephemeral form? Did they want to seize hold of the libretto and deliver it, as poets would, of its utilitarian status, transform it into a literary work, worthy of appreciation in itself? The libretto also drew its value from the access it gave to an alternative space of collective creation and performance, to a kind of work where the stage and the body eclipse the text and where the writer can break with literature and dream of being a choreographer. This dual tendency placed the libretto at the heart of the evolutions that shaped literature and choreography during the twentieth century. Whereas literature saw its status as a dominant art waver, dance won its autonomy and the choreographer asserted himself. Unlike the investigations of modern dance, ballet continued to make dance rely on text, retaining a place for the writer in choreographic creation in order to better question the precedence of language. What is literature? What is dance? These are the questions that the ballet libretto poses
Barré, Dominique. "L'organisation de la surface dans la photographie des années 1970 en France /." Paris : Université de Paris VIII-Saint-Denis, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb358161638.
Full textVerlaine, Julie. "La tradition de l'avant-garde : les galeries d'art contemporain à Paris de la libération à la fin des années soixante." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010620.
Full textVenayre, Sylvain. "L'avènement de l'aventure : les figures de l'aventure lointaine dans la France des années 1850-1940." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010643.
Full textDumont, Fabienne. "Femmes et art dans les années 70 : "douze ans d'art contemporain" version plasticiennes : une face cachée de l'histoire de l'art, Paris, 1970-1982." Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0007.
Full textVandenbussche, Stéphane. "Arts plastiques et décentralisation culturelle : l'exemple du Nord-Pas-de-Calais des années 80 aux années 90." Lille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL20023.
Full textThe policy of the French Ministry for Culture to stimulate the art market, combined with the cultural decentralization taking place at the beginning of the Eighties, prompted the Nord-Pas-de-Calais Region to create teams and support contemporary creative projects. The eighties were years of training for the local municipal officials and the cultural professionals, but also for the central services and the decentralized services of State. Conventions of development, programming of the regional policy and State/Region contracts were initiated during these first years of decentralization. During the Nineties, however, interest in the topic of the evaluation of cultural policies increased and the administrative expenditure for the support for creative arts stagnated, at the same time as awareness and appreciation of contemporary visual production by the public toward increased, and increased diffusion of contemporary art in general, the administrative approaches and structures. Regional funds for contemporary art must increase. Several cities are well-placed to provide support for the visual arts. The museums have been renated. The Fresnoy National Studio of Contemporary Arts has been created after ten years of building work. The schools of a art have been reformed and grouped into a network with the support of the regional community. The teams have been created and have animated the artistic medium in the Region
Albou, Philippe. "L'introduction de l'art occidental dans la peinture chinoise autour des années 1920." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/ressources/pdf/histmed-asclepiades-pdf-albou2.pdf.
Full textTwo millenniums chinese fine arts had, with four painters -- Yan Wenliang, Xu Beihong, Liu Haisu and Lin Fengmian - opened to Europe in order to learn a virtue of an art unknown there, realism. Chinese art was not inclined to represent an object scientifically as it existed, a military map or a canon. It was subjective, symbolical and intuitive. Western painting was still, despite the developments of the avant-garde movement, the product of a direct objective observation combined with empirical knowledge. Through the lives, the works and the teachings of the painters studied, the confrontations of two esthetic worlds may now enable to analyze an attempt of a acculturation - Western Chinese paintings in the 1920's - which from a western point of view, would be analyze as a turning point
Quinby, Diana. "Le collectif Femmes/Art à Paris dans les années 1970 : une contribution à l'étude du mouvement des femmes dans l'art." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010600.
Full textDuchemin-Pelletier, Florence. "« Les sculptures ne sont pas uniquement des sculptures » : réception de l’art inuit contemporain en France des années 1950 à nos jours." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100075.
Full textFrom the middle of the 1950s, traveling exhibitions of Contemporary Inuit Art have been staged across several continents. These exhibitions had been enthusiastically received, thanks in large part to the particular positioning put forth by James A. Houston, which established Contemporary Inuit Art within the artistic constructs of primitivism and modernism. This warm welcome was in marked contrast to France's own reception of Inuit art. Even though its collective imaginary has been largely shaped by figures from the North Pole, a view that can be traced back to the first apostolic and exploratory missions of the continent, France remained the only country that showed a certain distrust towards this artistic expression. This thesis will examine the conditions by which Contemporary Inuit Art has been re-interpreted within a series of evolving historical contexts, beginning with the domination of the primitivist paradigm until the 1970s, and moving towards the multiplication of individual and collective projects from the early 1980s, a context which prevails to this day. Throughout this examination, the question of Contemporary Inuit Art's ability to be seen as a symbol of artistic and cultural authenticity will be addressed. The final chapter will deal with the notion of aboriginal discourse and the 'double address' mode of communication that Inuit artists tend to employ
Mayaffre, Damon. "Le discours politique dans les années 1930 : analyse du vocabulaire de Maurice Thorez, Léon Blum, Pierre-Etienne Flandin et André Tardieu (1928-1939)." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE2014.
Full textThe present doctoral thesis proposes to study the French political vocabulary and speech during the interwar period (1928-1939), for indeed those seem to have played a part significant enough in the crisis France and the republic went through in the 1930s and which led to the defeat and Vichy. The verbal civil war is first studied roughly though a left/right comparison and then more subtly throught the study of communist (Maurice Thorez), socialist (Leon bloom), orleanist (Pierre-Etienne Flandin) and bonapartist (André Tardieu) speeches. The method of analysis here used is lexicometry whose epistemological principle is clear : never put forward what is not proved or incited by the figured recording of the over- or underuse of a term by a given speaker at a determined time. Thanks to a whole range of linguistic, statistical and computer tools -particulary correspondence analysis- it has been possible to determine, by the means of a synchronic investigation of the differents speeches, the lexical, discursive and ideological identity of four French political persuasions. Then with a diachronic investigation and by isolating the lexical practices of Thorez, Blum, Flandin and Tardieu, we have been able to demonstrate how the political debate and the republican consensus ruptured with the passing years to make impregnable and overweening verbosity so baneful for the country
Niagne, Meledj. "L'image de la révolution mexicaine de 1910-1920 à travers la presse française de l'époque." Rennes 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REN20019.
Full textThe press which reflects social relations and the tensions pervading them, plays a major part in the shaping of streams of opinion concerning events, more particularly those happening abroad. In 1910-1920, the international and French political reality was dominated by signs of brutal tensions and dramatic crises. Concerning strategic and economic interests, Mexico appeared in the background of an intricate political life. More than a mere event, the Mexican revolution mattered in the history of the extra-European world. The French press realised its international repercussions. It is tempting to see 'how' this revolution was depicted to the public of those days in the main Paris and provincial papers. The object is to detect the main ideological streams which underlay the discourse of the papers, through the analysis of some of the events such as the 'Maderist' victory in may 1911 and the setting up of the new revolutionary regime, the benton affair and north american intervention. The efficiency of a message does not only depend on its content. The form assumed by the news is as pertinent a language as its very content. The way in which the mexican news were transmitted and emphasised, and their articulation on the level of writing, contribute to the definition of the image we are looking for. If the evolution of the themes and their orientation, the detection of omissions show that there exist final judgements on such revolutionaries as Madero, Pancho Villa, Zapata, Carranza or Huerta, one can also observe, in the last part, permanent and common elements in the content of the news from one paper to the other. The workings - 'argument strategies' -, the meaning of the discourse on the Mexican revolution cannot be dissociated from the norm of perception - or 'theory' - of each paper. Beyond the event reported on, it aims at controling and shaping the knowledge of the reader of the day, while taking his idiosyncracies into account
Dufour, Cécile. "Les arts précieux à Paris au XIIIème siècle : l’orfèvrerie sacrée du règne de Philippe Auguste aux années 1300." Rennes 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN20052.
Full textThe Art of goldsmiths has known an important development throughout the thirteenth century. These transformations were initiated by Nicolas of Verdun, who activated the representations of the characters basically. This change was favorably received in the artistic production thanks to the emergence of Paris to the rank of capital. Its urbanization and cultural development attracted, with the king, a large number of princes and foreign dignitaries who promoted a new taste: the "court art". Due to the complexity of design, this style becomes a "total" art, which finds its finest expression in various artistic techniques and is particularly valuable in the art of goldsmiths. The production of sacred objects of cult has undergone the same development which is in relation with the new tastes of the royal court. It is due also to various interactions which characterize the activity of the goldsmith’s corporations of the new capital. Indeed, because of its influence beyond the borders of France, a large number of craftsmen came to settle in Paris, bringing with them models of representations. As a result, the production of goldsmiths reflects its links with the royal power but also the exchanges which it has with other large cities and this, in part, through the development of University
Mészáros, Flóra. "Hungarian Artists in Abstraction-Creation." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040088.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the international artistic group, called Abstraction-Création (1931-1936. Out of the approximately 100 members joining the association a few were Hungarian artists, namely Étienne Béothy, Alfred Reth, Lajos Tihanyi and Ferenc Martyn, whereas László Moholy-Nagy received an external membership. A deeper research into the Parisian non-figurative formations of the 1930s, including Abstraction-Création, only took shape in the 1970s. Since then, Abstraction-Création has been discussed only occasionally, and a deeper discussion concerning the structure, the goals, or the history of the group is still missing. The same applies to the research on individual Hungarian artists; while for each of them the participation in the forum was presented as an important stage of their lives, so far only the participation of Béothy and Martyn has been examined in detail. Beyond the basic goal of the study to concentrate on Hungarian artists in the group, the re-evaluation and a new examination of Abstraction-Création are also placed in the focus. Based on a theoretical and historical analysis, the study compares Abstraction-Création with two non-figurative Parisian groups, clarifying the differences between them and pointing out that Abstraction-Création could not be viewed as a combination of the two of them. Drawing on hitherto unanalyzed documents, the author gives an overview of the organizational structure of the forum, and discusses, from an entirely new perspective, the role of the committee, their debates, their formation and cessation and their platforms, including their meetings, gallery and journal. The dissertation demonstrates the relation between Abstraction-Création and Surrealism by means of a stylistic and theoretical analysis. It claims that through the activities of the Hungarian members, all the facets of the group can be shown, particularly because of the fact that they did not form a special group within the association, but had their different individual roles and routes. The author presents what the original aims behind the admission of the Hungarian members were and how they benefited from the participation. The dissertation depicts the Parisian abstract period of Hungarian artists in the 1930s in an international artistic context and against a broader historical background
Rosset, Claire. "Avant-gardes artistiques et idéologies révolutionnaires en Europe occidentale, 1960-1980." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010626.
Full textArt and ideology are closely related in their function of representation of reality. The 1960s and 1970s are those of major marxist revolutionary hopes. Our study focuses on artists and artistic creation in Western Europe. At the intersection of political events and thinking of intellectuals, artists question the relevance and adequacy of artistic forms to the revolutionary perspective. Terrorism, the Vietnam war, the cold war, are considered in the reports of political power they establish. Sexual issue is related to the moral and political transgression. The artists question the possibility of a more direct social and political intervention
Bernard, Yves-Michel. "Origine et création des fonds régionaux d'art contemporain en France : 1981-1986, les années militantes." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30042.
Full textThis thesis studies in depth, the origin and the creation of theRegional Contemporary Art Collection (FRAC) between 1981 and 1986. The plan is divided into three main parts. The first part analyses the patterns of acquisitions and eexhibitions, which were models for the formation of the FRAC during the twentieth century in France. The second part examines the commitment of the Ministry of Culture in an ambitious policy that led to the creation of the FRAC after the arrival of the labour party who came to power in 1981. The third part, strictly concerning the history of art, focuses on the collections of the FRAC. This study of the collections has been the core of the research, established from computer data created by Videomuseum, who made a census of all acquisitions. The thesis is also based on archival documents, existing works, an onsite study of each collection of the FRAC, interviews and a literature of artistic media. Included in the labour party’s political program for the presidential elections of May 1981, the FRAC, funded equally by the State and the Regions, is a strong example of the success of a decentralized cultural policy. Between 1983 and March 1986 twenty-one FRAC in activity acquired a total of 5,438 works of art from 1,377 artists.Since the 1960s, the FRAC is an exception in French cultural funding and the result of a desire for democratisation. Until 1986, the continued growth of acquisition loans - offered by the State and regional councils - could lead to the establishment of a formal aesthetic. “Zones of influence" emerged to compensate for absences in the museum collections in the region. However, despite this undeniable institutional investment, public power was not entitled to become a major player in the history of art
Essaouri, Mohamed. "Rapports entre le texte et l'image dans la litterature francaise du surrealisme aux annees 1970." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040059.
Full textWhat are the connexions between the text and the picture? these are the problems raised by this study, which establishes that the aesthetic and literary criteria that have been suggested up to the beginning of the twentieth century to form the art (by giving supremacy to poetry and then to painting) and to define the links between the picture (much emphasis being put on the illustrative role of the picture) prove to be irrelevant. This study tries to surrount the most important aspect of the new links which have been established between the painters and the writers (from the surrealism period to the seventies) links that are based upon the conception which is different from creation, benceforth considered as a production, a hesitating research following the same proceeding : pictoral and verbal collage, picturesque novel, elaboration of fictions from pictures, introduction of linguistic symbols in painting (namemy proper nouns) and at last the experimentation of the scriptural practice the pictural one, by modern writers
Orgeval, Domitille d'. "Le Salon des Réalités Nouvelles : les années décisives : de ses origines (1939) à son avènement (1946-1948)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040213.
Full textCreated by the art lover Frédo Sidès in july 1946, the « Salon des Réalités Nouvelles » was first directed by Auguste Herbin and Félix Del Marle. In the line from Abstraction-Creation, it was meant to set up annual « concrete art, non figurative or abstract art » exhibitions. From 1946 to 1948, the Salon, which was held in the Palais des Beaux Arts in Paris, offered a unique visibility for abstract art, with a very open policy and a will for international participation (the 1948 Salon was attended by more than 350 exhibitors representing 17 nations). Consulting the archives of the SRN, quite forgotten until now, offers the opportunity to understand how the Salon worked, and learn about its diffusion and recognition policy. This consultation also proves that the Salon was the conclusion of a long gestation which started in the 1930’s, an dis directly coneected to the exposition « Réalités Nouvelles » held in the Charpentier gallery by Frédo Sidès and Yvanohé Rambosson in 1939
Owaye, Jean-François. "Système de défense et de sécurité du Gabon de 1960 à nos jours." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30022.
Full textGabon's "security and defense system" was established in 1960, resulting from the fervour of independance and to the transfer of expertise from the community to the new african sovereignties. It is "a unification of civil and military equipment, of operational methods and rules", undoubtedly inspired by the conventional french military model, but which also takes into account the local ecology, the international geostrategic environment and the socio-economic development of the country. Set up by the french military command,the system is based on one of the principal objectives of gabon's general policy : security / development, which limits the defense efforts to a strict minimum (2,5% of the g. N. P. ), while assuring the nation (thanks to the strategy of dissuasion ) a relative security. Since 1960 it has come a long way. In fact, the security forces, inexperienced and understaffed when founded, were confined to the simple inaugural funetion af the new sovereignty ; their social role was nevertheless essential : they compensated for the lach of education by substituting for civil engineers. They were the "agents" of socialisation and national integration towards which the military service and youth civic service strove. Since the seventies, the improvement of a military ressources and the status of the personnel, the " gabonisation " of the command, the territorialisation of the armed forces and their professionalisation. . . Shows a permanent change in the defense system ; anadaptation characteristic of the search for a more efficient defense system, which remans the most important factor of the materialisation of the social treaty, and thus of the stability of the country
Valle, Arbex Márcia María. "De l'image de la lettre à la poésie peinte : étude sur la fonction de l'écriture dans les arts visuels (1910-1930)." Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA030137.
Full textPacouret, Jérôme. "Qu'est-ce qu'un auteur de cinéma ? : copyright, droit d'auteur et division du travail (années 1900-2010)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH084/document.
Full textWhy are motion pictures often attributed to authors – or “filmmakers” – while dozens of names and occupations appear in film credits? Following Foucault’s definition of authorship as a form of appropriation, this dissertation focuses on copyright law and authorship battles in order to explain the origins and existence of film authors. Rather than considering authors as the individuals who “make” movies or as a fiction overshadowing the collective nature of filmmaking, I show that the attribution of films to authors is the result of the division of filmmaking labor and its power relations. This research uses a sociohistorical perspective and a transnational approach centered on the United States and France, where film authors are not granted the same authorship rights. It shed lights on the national, international and transnational dimensions of the appropriation of motion pictures. This study starts when film authors first appeared in copyright law: as early as the 1900s.The first part of this dissertation focuses on the writing of motion pictures’ property rights from the birth of cinema to the passing of the French copyright law of 1957 and of the Copyright Act of 1976. After decades of battles, these laws provided different definitions of film authors and granted them with different rights. Using legal publications, congressional records and reports, as well as film journals, I study French and American laws as the results of a codification process shaped by preexisting law and by the cooperation and power relation between the actors who participated in their writing. The development of motion pictures’ property rights are the cause and consequence of the constitution of a space for negotiation between lawyers, public officials, politicians and film organizations. I explain that French and American copyright norms were structured by legal expertise, competition between lawyers, relations between film organizations and the unequal economic, legal and political power of these organizations. A study of the revisions of the Berne Convention for the protection of literary and artistic works also show the interdependency between national and international norms of film authorship and authorship.The second part of the dissertation study the appropriation of motion pictures as a social relation based on the division of filmmaking labor and social labor. Film authorship battles which started in the 1910s contributed to the creation of professional hierarchies and to the differentiation of film value from other forms of economic and artistic value. I use various writings of film professionals, along with other sources, to show that film authorship was shaped by various aspects of film production, dissemination and reception (including the power relations between film professionals, the diversity of film careers and the uses of authors’ names by film critics and audiences). To study the division of filmmaking labor, I use Pierre Bourdieu’s research on cultural fields, Howard Becker’s work on art worlds as well as scholarship on professions. The dissertation also shows that the professional hierarchies of motion picture production interrelate with various forms of domination common to other fields. This dissertation is meant to be useful for scholars interested in the history of copyright law, motion pictures, authorship, the division of (artistic) labor, professions and transnational approaches
Gailleurd, Céline. "Survivances de la peinture du XIXe siècle dans le cinéma italien des années 1910 : la peinture aux origines du cinéma ?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10227.
Full textThis study centers around Italian cinema and proposes to describe the prolific and complex connections that developed between 19th century painting (European and mostly Italian) and the Italian films from 1905 (La Presa di Roma, Alberini) to 1920 (La Serpe, Roberti). From the historical inspiration to the dive melodramas, from the enthusiastic portrayal of History to the lyricism of passionate love, a pictorial effect haunts these cinematographic images in which can be found « the seed of a possible painting » (Eric Rohmer). Therefore, one needs to reflect on what cinema and painting share, following the iconographical study of figurative (gestures, postures, scenery, props) and formal elements (composition, frame, field size, editing) that lead to the question of the styles that the cinema prolongs and alters : neoclassicism, academism, orientalism, pre-Raphaelitism, symbolism, Art Nouveau. These aesthetic ideas allow for a convergence between the history of art and the history of cinema, which opens the question of the images' survival. At a time when 19th century figurative painting was being replaced by abstract art, it persisted and survived in cinema. In return, Italian cinema of the 1910s drew part of its vitality from pictorial material that already belonged to the past.Thus, this research brings to light a series of questions that allow for both a revisitation of a rarely studied period of the history of Italian cinema and more generally to reflect upon the relationship between cinema and other artforms
Cherruet, Sébastien. "Édouard Albert (1910-1968) : l'oeuvre complexe d'un architecte moderne." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H041.
Full textThis thesis is a comprehensive study of Édouard Albert’s work. After graduating in architecture at the École des beaux-arts in 1937, Édouard Albert (1910-1968) became one of the champions of Modernity in France. During the Second World War, he drew up urban plans for the French Commissariat technique à la reconstruction immobilière and founded an association claiming the legacy of the medieval Compagnon workmanship tradition. During the post-war Reconstruction, he drew inspiration from the aircraft industry to design homes, while exploring also the possibilities offered by pre-stressed concrete. At the 1954 Salon des Arts ménagers, he presented the “Minimax” wooden house, echoing the research by Jean Prouvé (1901-1984) on prefabrication. After 1955, in collaboration with the young engineer Jean-Louis Sarf (1928-2004), Édouard Albert developed a concept of tubular metal frame. In 1958, he received the Grand Prix awarded by the Cercle d’études architecturales and started building the first Parisian skyscraper (completed in 1961). André Malraux supported the “synthesis of the arts” advocated by Édouard Albert through his project for the “Jean Vilar Amphitheater” (1958-1968) – a synthesis demonstrated in particular in the so-called gril of the Jussieu Campus he designed (1963- 1968). In keeping with the architectural tradition of constructive Rationalism, and building a theory of option sur le vide (“an option on space”), Édouard Albert connected the expression of structures to an aesthetics of transparency. His kinetic art finds an embodiment in the seat he developed with the Mobilier National (1967). The complexity and contradictions of his architecture truly crystallize in the artificial “metabolist” island he thought up for Monaco (1965-1968)
Nédélec, Marine. "De l'incohérence à l'humour, Dada et le surréalisme dans le miroir de la presse : réception et diffusion de Dada et du surréalisme par la presse française (1920-1927)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H084.
Full textWhat is left to examine about Dada and the Surrealism almost a hundred years after the birth of these movements? Numerous studies have dealt with the subject, yet the reactions of their contemporaries have still to be explored. If Dada’s and the Surrealism’s reception among the public has been touched upon by scholars, it remains an unexplored aspect of these movements. This thesis relies upon the analysis of a hundred and twenty-six titles from the 1920’s French press in order to fill this gap by exploring the reception of Dada and Surrealism. The structure of this thesis has been built upon the themes found in the press articles. The first part shows how Dada and to a lesser extent Surrealism have been perceived as incoherent, absurd and thus unintelligible. By trying to explain the reasons of this Dadaist incoherence, this first part touches upon the notion of hermeticism. Then, the second part analyses Dadaist humour through its mystification and laughter which often turns to be offensive and tragic. By cross-reading the various critical assessments of these two movements, this thesis allows us to put back these avant-guardes in their own historical contexts. It unveils their history which is underlined by the concerns of the 1920’s. in addition, the analysis of their reception enables us to insert these two movements in a cartography of references which goes back to the Antiquity, continues in the Middle Ages, expands in the 19th century and comes to an end in the beginning of the 20th century. Therefore, Dada and Surrealism have been read and evaluated in relation to artistic and literary history, from Romanticism to Futurism, right through Symbolism, Incoherent Arts, Impressionism, post-Impressionism, Cubism and the Humorists
Champomier, Emmanuelle. "Contribution à l’histoire de la presse cinématographique française. Étude comparée de la genèse et de l’évolution de douze revues de cinéma entre 1908 et 1940." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA029.
Full textA major source for history of cinema, the early French film press however still remains a vast, unexplored continent. With a body of research composed of twelve film magazines spanning over the 1908-1940 period, this thesis aims to study the technical, economical and social factors involved in the birth and evolution of the French film press over three decades. Contemplated as a press organization, in its collective dimension, each film magazine is subject to a methodical study of its identity, specifications and various mutations – administrative, technical, economical, formal and editorial – incurred. The main ambition of this thesis is to propose a history of press as well as of journalists. The study thus aims to define the profession of journalist and film critic, as it is perceived in this period by the film corporation and the journalists and critics themselves. This fonction also defines itself through the creation of professional associations, the history and adventures of which this research hopes it has illuminated. The pursued purpose is also to contribute in a better knowledge of the men, journalists and critics, remaining mainly unrecognized to this day despite being major figures of their time, who participated in the creation of the specialized press and the formulation of a critical thought about cinema, in the 1900s-1930s
Hoffert, Yannick. "Théâtre et enjeux spirituels dans les années cinquante et soixante : J. Audiberti, E. Ionesco, G. Schéhadé, J. Vauthier." Nancy 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN21010.
Full textAt first sight, the dramatic universes of Jacques Audiberti, Eugène Ionesco, Georges Schehadé and Jean Vauthier seem to have little in common beyond the rather vague fact of having participated in the teeming life of the New Drama. And yet, they are deeply united by the central role they grant to spiritual matters in the representations of existence they present. In such representations, the meaning of man's adventure is narrowly linked to the possibility for him to conceive his situation in terms of a decisive relationship with what lies beyond him. The first part of the thesis analyses the viewpoint of the four dramatic works on the place of spiritual life in the human city. This life is highly threatened by a protean sclerosis caused by the ravages of materialism, the tyranny of rationality, the question of power and the withdrawal into conformity. The institutional forms of religion being unable to provide men with the meaning they need, it falls to art to become the channel of the spiritual adventure. This common point being established, the ways that offer diverge. The works of Jean Vauthier and Georges Schehadé, studied in the second part, assert the possibility of a Christian orientation. On both universes the Christian line of thought most often assumes veiled and rather undefined forms, avoiding direct affirmation. Seen as a poetical adventure, religious life adopts in each work specific and very distinct modalities. With Jacques Audiberti and Eugène Ionesco, whose stage creations are treated in the third part, spirituality appears in the guise of an endless questioning alongside a torturing beyond remedy, which far from being hidden by humour is foregrounded by it. The stake for man's adventure is thus to persist in that unease which feeds on a passionate dialogue with Christianity, between reverence and blasphemy, proximity and alienation