Relevant bibliographies by topics / Annona militaris

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Annona militaris'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Annona militaris"

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Rizos, Efthymios. "Remarks on the logistics and infrastructure of the Annona Militaris in Eastern Mediterranean and Aegean areas." Antiquité Tardive 23 (January 2015): 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.at.5.109384.

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Brennan, Michael L., Dan Davis, Andrei Opaiţ, and Marshall Stay. "Deep-water shipwrecks in the East Mediterranean: a microcosm of Late Roman exchange." Journal of Roman Archaeology 33 (2020): 291–329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759420001026.

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Deep-water shipwrecks provide an opportunity to investigate ships away from the destructive dynamics of coastlines and approaches to harbors where most ancient wrecks to date have been found. Such exploration expands the potential for finding wrecks of periods for which relatively few are known. One such period is the 6th and 7th c. in the E Mediterranean. Studies of cargo assemblages from the few known wrecks of the later Roman period reveal a partial picture of interlinked and overlapping trade networks that incorporated major and minor ports in the adjacent provinces.1 Various trading modes may be discerned, including cabotage, short-haul trade, inter-regional commerce, and private long-haul trade. Largely missing thus far are the wrecks of ships that participated in the annona transport, the “backbone of Late Roman shipping”.2 Each year, an enormous fleet of private ships under state contract hauled thousands of shiploads of Egyptian grain from Alexandria to Constantinople for public distribution,3 but no shipwrecks explicitly associated with these fleets have been found. Also largely invisible are the non-commercial transports associated with the annona militaris, the fiscal supply of foodstuffs destined for armies stationed on the empire‘s borders. The state supply-system became more formalized in 536 when Justinian created the quaestura exercitus, a prefecture that was granted administrative control and jurisdiction of Moesia Secunda, Scythia, Caria, the Aegean islands, and Cyprus.4 Evidence suggests that the quaestor‘s main task was to ensure the supply, by sea, of agricultural products from the Aegean and NE Mediterranean to troops on the Danube frontier.5 While no definitive grain ships have been found in the E Mediterranean — what M. McCormick has called the “annona paradox”6 —, shipwrecks with the larger cargoes expected of state supply have remained rather elusive.
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Funari, Pedro Paulo Abreu. "José Remesal RODRÍGUEZ. La Annona Militaris y la exportación de aceite bético a Germania. Con un corpus de selos de ánforas Dressel 20 hallados en Nimega, Colonia, Mainz, Saalburg, Zugmantel y Nida. Madrid, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 1986." Classica - Revista Brasileira de Estudos Clássicos 1, no. 1 (November 20, 1988): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24277/classica.v1i1.653.

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Espósito, Katiuscia Moreno Galhera. "RESENHA: GENDER, SEX AND THE POSTNATIONAL DEFENSE: MILITARISM AND PEACEKEEPING." Conjuntura Austral 4, no. 19 (September 10, 2013): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2178-8839.41255.

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Aubin, Nicolas. "Le « peuple communiste » en Basse-Seine : dénombrement et étude de l'encadrement des militants communistes, 1920-1939." Annales de Normandie 50, no. 4 (2000): 547–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/annor.2000.1279.

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Mitthof, Fritz. "Neue Papyrusurkunden zur annona militaris." TYCHE – Contributions to Ancient History, Papyrology and Epigraphy 19, no. 01 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.15661/tyche.2004.019.07.

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Palme, Bernhard. "Eine Quittung für annona militaris aus dem Hermonthites." TYCHE – Contributions to Ancient History, Papyrology and Epigraphy 04, no. 01 (1990). http://dx.doi.org/10.15661/tyche.1989.004.11.

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Squarcini, Federico. "Le colombe e gli avvoltoi." 54 | 2018, no. 1 (June 22, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/annor/2385-3042/2018/01/010.

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Within today’s debate on the relationship between economics and ecology we often resort to the ancient models and ‘world ideas’ generated within Asian religious traditions. Works and authors from the past become part of the contemporary disputes among stakeholders of the economic systems and militants of the various sectors of contemporary environmentalism. In this work I intend to show myopia, risks and dangers underlying certain ways of dividing, justifying and governing the relationships that the human animal has with the ecosystem of which it is a part.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Annona militaris"

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Lachapelle, David. "Recherche sur la logistique des armées romaines sous le Haut-Empire." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040175.

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Les armées romaines républicaines avaient atteint un haut degré d'organisation. Avec l'avènement du Principat, les légions furent établies aux frontières de l'empire, et l'approvisionnement dut se maintenir en période de paix. Cette thèse tente d'expliquer le système logistique des armées romaines sous le Haut-Empire. Pour ce faire, il faut d'abord évaluer les besoins en nourriture, en matériaux et en animaux. Il est également nécessaire de présenter les théories actuellement reçues, et d'expliquer les bases sur lesquelles elles se fondent, afin de comprendre les biais qui auraient pu s'y introduire inconsciemment. Pour la suite, la recherche s'articule autour de deux axes différents, mais complémentaires : d'abord la logistique en période de guerre, puis la fiscalité. La question de la logistique en période de guerre, incluant l'ère républicaine, a été abordée sous trois angles : l'approvisionnement individuel, celui organisé par le général et celui organisé depuis la capitale. La compréhension de ces aspects est primordiale pour évaluer la place qu'occupait chacune des méthodes de ravitaillement dans le tableau de la logistique. Ensuite, elle permet de mettre en évidence les circonstances entourant certaines habitudes, ainsi que les tendances qui se démarquent. La fiscalité, qui n'est trop souvent étudiée qu'en surface par les historiens militaires, est cependant au cœur de la logistique en période de paix. Les réquisitions étaient remboursées par l'argent des impôts, les achats également. La présence d'un impôt en nature pourrait changer la donne. Suit enfin une présentation de l'organisation qui encadrait le service logistique et des infrastructures qu'il employait
The roman armies of the republican era had reached a high degree of organization. With the coming of the Principate, the legions were sent on the frontiers of the empire, and their supplying had to be maintained during peacetime. This thesis tries to explain the logistical system of the roman armies under the Early Empire. To do so, the needs in food, materials and animals must be assessed. It is equally important to present the theories actually accepted, and to explain the basis on which they stand, in order to understand the biases which may have been introduced unconsciously. For the next part, the research focuses on two very different, yet complementary axes : firstly, the logistics in times of war, and secondly, the tax system. The question of the logistics in times of war, which includes the republican era, has been studied under three angles : individual supplying, supplying organized by the general, and the one organized from the capital. The understanding of these aspects is paramount to assess the importance each of those methods of supplying occupied in the bigger picture of the logistics. It will also allow to underline the circumstances surrounding some habits and the tendencies that emerge. The tax system, which is often studied too briefly by modern military historians, is however at the heart of the logistics in peacetime. Requisitions were reimbursed with tax money, the same is also true for purchases. The presence of a tax in kind could change our understanding of the system. A presentation of the organization that structured the logistics, and the infrastructures it used, follows
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Mitthof, Fritz. "Annona militaris : die Heeresversorgung im spätantiken Ägypten : ein Beitrag zur Verwaltungs- und Heeresgeschichte des Römischen Reiches im 3. bis 6. Jh. n. Chr. /." Firenze : Ed. Gonnelli, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388224136.

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Santos, Carlos Vinicius Veneziani dos. "O contexto autoritário em Notas de Manfredo Rangel, repórter, de Sérgio Sant\'Anna." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8149/tde-16102009-145952/.

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O livro de contos Notas de Manfredo Rangel, repórter (a respeito de Kramer), de Sérgio Sant\'Anna, foi publicado em 1973, no período historicamente marcado pela repressão institucionalizada da ditadura militar no Brasil. A leitura da obra indica influência desse contexto histórico, marcado pela opressão e pela violência, na composição e na atmosfera dos contos. A contribuição de filósofos que estudam a arte no mundo contemporâneo, como Theodor Adorno e Walter Benjamin, e cientistas da linguagem, como Mikhail Bakhtin, nos oferece subsídios para refletir sobre essa relação entre a história do período e a estrutura literária de Notas de Manfredo Rangel, repórter. O foco principal das reflexões são as tensões inerentes aos aspectos formais da obra, que guardam analogias e estabelecem possibilidades de mediação com a realidade do período em que o livro foi lançado. A análise dos contos oferece, ainda, no estudo das personagens, reflexões acerca da situação de impotência dos indivíduos diante de sistemas institucionais baseados no uso autoritário do poder, e do processo de fragmentação subjetiva relacionado a essa condição.
The book of tales Notas de Manfredo Rangel, repórter (Manfredo Rangels Notes, reporter) (about Kramer), from Sérgio SantAnna, was published in 1973, a period historically marked by the institutionalized repression of the military dictatorship in Brazil. Reading the book, we observe the influence of this historical context marked by the oppression and violence in the tales composition and atmosphere. The contribution of philosophers who study arts in the contemporary world, such as Theodor Adorno and Walter Benjamin, and language scientists, such as Mikhail Bakhtin, offers us subsidies to reflect about the relation between the history of the period and the literary structure of Manfredo Rangels Notes, reporter. The main focus of the reflection are the intrinsic tensions in the formal aspects on the book that keep analogies and establish possibilities of mediation with the reality of the period when the book was launched. The analysis of the tales also offers, for the study of the characters, reflections about the individuals disablement situation before institutional systems based on the subjective fragmentation of the process related to this condition.
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Jujic, Lejla. "Military culture within the U.S military : A perspective from within, focusing on gender and the military brotherhood." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-78203.

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Despite the picture portraying the U.S as a western, democratic and equal country, the U.S military has faced several downfalls when it comes to its female force, especially in relation to sexual assault. This study poses the question of how can western ‘model countries’ such as the U.S, promote democracy when its military institution seem to miss one of the central pillars to a democratic society that is equality. Furthermore, the study seeks to dive further into the military culture of the U.S military in order to understand if women adjust to the military culture or if the military culture adjusts to the influx of women. By examining narratives of male and female soldiers and veterans, who tell their stories online, this research is conducted as a case study, using Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital and Judith Butler’s theory of performative gender as an analytical tool in order to recontextualize the findings and gain a further understanding of the military culture from an inside perspective. In conclusion, the study essentially confirms the notion of the military constituting a male centered culture, as well as a crowd oriented culture, which contributes to females adjusting to the culture rather than it adjusting to the influx of women. In addition to this, gender equality is perceived as something applied by actors from the outside when it is convenient or solely talked about with respect to physical capabilities. Ultimately, research in relation to the U.S military needs to include a focus on culture in order for it to change and become gender equal.
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Werner, Elke Anna. "Peter Burke, Augenzeugenschaft; Bilder als historische Quellen / [rezensiert von] Elke Anna Werner." Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2049/.

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Osbeck, David. "Har Sverige genomgått en Revolutions In Military Affairs?" Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-6828.

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The most up-to-date definition of Revolutions in Military Affairs (RMA) is defined by military an-alysts as the role of technology in transforming military affairs. Despite the amount of literature on how RMA impacts great powers the significance of RMA for small states is limited. Is RMA suffi-cient and suitable to define a change in small states security strategies? The purpose of this study is to analyze to what extent RMA can be traced in Swedish strategy implementation after applying Francis Domingo’s theory of small states security strategies. The method used in this essay is a case study that analyses to what extent RMA can be found and proven by using the strategy implementation factors defined in Domingo’s theory. The result of this study shows that only two out of four strategies can prove RMA in Sweden’s implementation of security strategies. The result gives reason for criticism due to Domingo’s the-ory’s inability to trace and prove RMA and its implication in a small state’s security strategies.
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Lönnberg, Linnea. "The Military Profession in Times of Change : Understanding the Capacities for Handling Military Change among Swedish Officers." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-9710.

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With the aim to situate the study of military professionalism and its relationship to change firmly in an empirical analysis, this thesis uses the method of grounded theory to study the elements of military professional mindset that impacts on the professional capacity to understand and handle military change. Theoretically the study situates itself in both the study of military professionalism and the study of military change, and challenges previous literature by stating that there are elements of the military profession that makes it adaptable to change. The results are based on data from interviews with military officers working for the Swedish Armed Forces and the analysis is developed through a multiple-step coding procedure which thoroughly grounds the study in empirics. The study finds that military professionals have a holistic mindset when understanding their own profession in relation to the military organisation and military change. Both rigid and definitive elements, such as hierarchy and loyalty, and less rigid elements, such as flexibility, adaptability and military preparedness, impacts the capacity to handle change and are seen as important elements of the professional mindset.
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Ocaya, Bryan. "Former Enemies, Future Friends : A Comparative Case Study on Rebel Military Integration." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-386561.

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Järvare, Mathias. "Svensk militär luftmakt i framtiden anno 2012." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-2795.

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Uppsatsens resultat visar att det saknas ett entydigt luftmaktsteoretiskt ställningstagande. Istället återfinns en tudelad teoribild, dels den svenska traditionella defensiva luftmaktsteorin, men också den som inriktas mot en västlig modern expeditionär luftmaktsteori. Resultatet stöds av slutsatserna från studien av förmågeutvecklingen, en utveckling som spänner över en bred men traditionell förmågebas. Huruvida ett tudelat teoretiskt ställningstagande och ett i huvudsak traditionellt förmågeutvecklingsprogram, kommer vara effektivt att möta framtidens uppgifter och ekonomiska realiteter återstår att se.
The result of this paper can be summarized in that there are different air power theories in the strategic documents. There is mainly a twofold strategy based on a national non-alliance defence concept focusing on cooperation as well as a modern western airpower theory. The paper also shows an airpower development which focuses on traditional capabilities and may in some way lacking the means for facing possible future demands on airpower. However, based on the results, the Swedish airpower will still be a major instrument for political use in the future. In regards to the efficiency of a twofold theory, based on the assumption of increasing defence cost and varied future military tasks, there is no way of saying what the consequence will be, we will just have to wait and see.
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Sigurdh, Lina. "Militarization: A Witch's War Brew? : How military power affects authoritarian regimes' behavior." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-430265.

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The effect of regime type on conflict onset is a well-studied phenomenon, and various studies have found that variance in regime type, and within regime types, affects conflict onset. For instance, militarization in autocracies seems to be linked with increased risk of initiating conflict. However, even in the studies that disaggregate types of autocracies, the categorizations are relatively shallow. This thesis aims to create a definition of military dictatorships which captures their complexity more fully, to determine whether militarization truly does increase the risk of conflict onset. Military dictatorships are here defined as a state that achieves and maintains power through threat or actual use of force, is outwardly or effectively controlled by military officers, and places high value on maintaining a powerful armed force to protect constitutional and territorial integrity. The method used is a logistic regression, where the independent variable is military dictatorship, and the dependent variable is directed dyads. The results show that when a state is a military dictatorship, the log odds of it initiating conflict is 0.73; military dictatorships are indeed more likely to initiate conflict than autocracies in general.
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Books on the topic "Annona militaris"

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Rodríguez, José Remesal. La annona militaris y la exportación de aceite bético a Germania. Madrid: Editorial de la Universidad Complutense, 1986.

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editor, Poethke Günter, Prignitz Sebastian editor, Vaelske Veit editor, and Staatliche Museen zu Berlin--Preussischer Kulturbesitz, eds. Das Aktenbuch des Aurelios Philammon: Prozessberichte, annona militaris und Magie in BGU IV 1024-1027. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2012.

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Mitthof, Fritz. Annona militaris: Die Heeresversorgung im spätantiken Ägypten : ein Beitrag zur Verwaltungs- und Heeresgeschichte des Römischen Reiches im 3. bis 6. Jh. n. Chr. Firenze: Gonnelli, 2001.

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Mitthof, Fritz. Annona militaris: Die Heeresversorgung im spätantiken Ägypten : ein Beitrag zur Verwaltungs- und Heeresgeschichte des Römischen Reiches im 3. bis 6. Jh. n. Chr. Firenze: Gonnelli, 2001.

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Vilimonovic, Larisa. Structure and Features of Anna Komnene’s Alexiad. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462980389.

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The Alexiad, written in the twelfth century by a Byzantine princess, Anna Komnene, tells the story of the Byzantine Empire during the reign of her father, offering accounts of its political and military history, including its involvement with the First Crusade. Structure and Features of Anna Komnene’s Alexiad: Emergence of a Personal History introduces new methods of research for studying the Alexiad, aiming primarily at analysing Anna Komnene’s literary expression. The book’s approach focuses mainly on the author, the subject, the structure and the inner stylistic features, as well as the genre itself. The result is a substantially new outlook on the main Byzantine historiographical work of the twelfth century.
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Andréu, Antonio Bellido. El «Alcántara» en la retirada de Annual: La laureada debida. Madrid: Ministerio de Defensa, 2005.

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El «Alcántara» 1921: La Caballería en el desastre de Annual. Madrid: Almena, 2011.

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Paéz, Francisco Ángel Cañete. La última laureada: Regimiento de Caballería «Cazadores de Alcántara». Valladolid: Galland Books, 2012.

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Bartlett, Robert Merrill. Those valiant Texans: A breed apart. Portsmouth, NH: P.E. Randall, 1989.

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1913-, Murphy Thomas J., and Waltham Rediscovered (Organization), eds. Waltham rediscovered: An ethnic history of Waltham, Massachusetts. Portsmouth, NH: P.E. Randall, Publisher, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Annona militaris"

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Reiter, Fabian. "Quittung für Annona Militaris and Demosia." In Kölner Papyri (P. Köln), 161–64. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14387-1_25.

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Tolstoy, Leo. "4." In Anna Karenina. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780198748847.003.0110.

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After meeting Vronsky on his own doorstep, Alexey Alexandrovich drove, as he had intended, to the Italian Opera.* He sat through two acts and saw everyone he needed to see. Upon returning home, he carefully inspected the coat-stand and, perceiving no military...
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Siari Tengour, Ouanassa. "Le procès des militants de l’OS Bône-Annaba en juin 1951." In Une histoire sociale et culturelle du politique en Algérie, 351–69. Éditions de la Sorbonne, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.psorbonne.55632.

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SWAN, VIVIEN G. "Dichin (Bulgaria): Interpreting the Ceramic Evidence in its Wider Context." In The Transition to Late Antiquity, on the Danube and Beyond. British Academy, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264027.003.0009.

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In the Dichin (north central Bulgaria) store-buildings destroyed in about the 480s, the large quantities of imported Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea amphorae typify late Roman military supply (annona) to the forts of the lower Danube limes. A dearth of amphorae at Dichin for most of the sixth century is linked ultimately to alterations in trading patterns in the Mediterranean as a whole. A slight increase in amphorae shortly before the final destruction of c.580 reflects a significant recasting of supply sources. The few imported red-slipped wares are mostly late fifth century and of Pontic origin. During the sixth century, modifications in the local coarse pottery reflect cultural changes in the region — the decline of Romanized eating practices and the impact of the barbarian social traditions. The wider significance of ‘foederati ware’ for the Germanic settlement of the region and its influence on the technology of indigenous ceramics production are also explored.
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"Military intervention and diplomatic engagement in Libya: a collage of policy, force, and law ANNA F . TRIPONEL AND PAUL R . WILLIAMS." In Understanding Complex Military Operations, 280–89. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315881577-30.

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"Tracing knights: their pictorial evidence in the art of the Eastern Mediterranean ANNA TAKOUMI (NATIONAL AND KAPODISTRIAN." In The Military Orders Volume VI (Part 1), 116–27. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315460895-20.

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Reich, Simon. "The Curious Case of Kofi Annan, George W. Bush, and the “Preemptive” Military Force Doctrine." In Hitting First, 45–69. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv11699qp.6.

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Aggestam, Karin, and Tim Dunne. "24. The failure of diplomacy and protection in Syria." In Foreign Policy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198708902.003.0024.

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This chapter argues that the the international community’s response to the Syrian civil war was a failure of resolute diplomacy. It first recounts how a popular uprising was brutally supressed by the Bashar al-Assad government’s military forces, sparking a ‘new war’ where many of the protagonists have more to gain from war than peace. It then considers the diplomatic strategies pursued by regional and global powers, as well as the leading players in the intervention and mediation process such as United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan, UN diplomat Lakhdar Brahimi, and Swedish-Italian diplomat Staffan de Mistura. It also discusses the use of crisis management and coercive diplomacy to enforce the Chemical Weapons Convention. The case of Syria illustrates how responsibility to protect (R2P) requires a strong consensus among the great powers in order to be effective.
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Roach, Levi. "Forgery in the Chancery? Bishop Anno at Worms." In Forgery and Memory at the End of the First Millennium, 21–60. Princeton University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691181660.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses the forgeries of Bishop Anno at Worms. The main texts comprised by the Worms forgeries have long been known. But new light is shed on the subject by a privilege of Louis the Pious of 814, which has only recently been the subject of scholarly scrutiny. The diploma in question confirms Worms's immunity and grants its dependents partial exemption from military service — they are only to serve in cases of need, and then are to do so under direct episcopal oversight. Ultimately, the Worms counterfeits are a symptom of change, a sign of the bishopric's growing ambitions and developing sense of corporate identity. By producing a more useful past, Anno and his associates served the present. It was a means of situating immediate concerns at Worms, Ladenburg, and Wimpfen in relation with the past. And as ever with cultural memory, the focus was on those rights (immunity and tolls) and individuals who were most constitutive of local identity. According to the German couple Jan and Aleida Assmann, Hildibald B was involved in a process of canonization, whereby the bishopric's undifferentiated past was winnowed down to a few iconic moments.
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Scheffer, David. "Forging Peace September–December 1995." In The Sit Room, 229–78. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190860639.003.0007.

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The final months of the search for peace in Bosnia and Croatia left everyone scrambling to reach the next stage of diplomatic and military engagement. Richard Holbrooke reported no progress. The Principals approved continued NATO air strikes against Bosnian Serb targets. Planning proceeded for the NATO-led force that would be inserted into Bosnia following a peace agreement. The Deputies bickered over plans for the Bosniaks. The Principals and Deputies strategized how to roll out peace talks, and consultations in Europe prepared the groundwork for the upcoming Dayton peace talks. Kofi Annan consulted in Washington about the U.N. role. Madeleine Albright and Holbrooke clashed over sanctions relief for Serbia. Holbrooke’s memorandum to Warren Christopher illuminated the turbulence in the Dayton talks near their conclusion. Holbrooke concluded that Slobodan Milošević had carried the day in Dayton and that Alija Izetbegović had been the most unreasonable, and, concludes the author, for understandable reasons.
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Conference papers on the topic "Annona militaris"

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Chergui, Samia, and Samira Haoui. "Islamic defensive architecture along the eastern coast of Algeria: the Fusula Ribat and its mosque (Annaba)." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11373.

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The ribat in Bouna (present day Annaba), also called the Fusula Ribat, dominates the promontory of the hill with the same name and overlooks the port of the town. This defensive structure, whose typology dates from the Fatimid period, belonged to a chain of ribats marking Islamic territory along the length of the Mediterranean coast. It was concealed under the Sidi Boumerouane Mosque. Thus, through a series of transformations, the site became a veritable military-religious complex. The recent process of patrimonialization, as well as the restoration project at the complex, has revealed the structure of the ribat, leaning against the wall and essentially forming the foundations of the first mosque of the town. The aim of this article is, on the one hand, to bring new knowledge, as much technical as historical, about this fortified structure, which has largely been ignored by historical research until now, and on the other, to carry out the restoration project of this edifice, which has now been classed as national heritage.
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