Journal articles: 'Annual utility'

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Sutoh, T., H. Suzuki, M. Ichinohe, and S. Yoshida. "Simulation Method of Annual Energy Management for Electric Utility." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 22, no. 17 (October 1989): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)52923-7.

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Wilkendorf, F., A. Espuña, and L. Puigjaner. "Minimization of the Annual Cost for Complete Utility Systems." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 76, no. 3 (March 1998): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/026387698524866.

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Smith, William H. "Annual Utility Reports: Key to Long-Term Trend Analysis." Natural Gas 10, no. 4 (August 20, 2008): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gas.3410100409.

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Byron, Rhiannon K., Virginia Y. Watkins, Alexandra Stiles, Elissa Trieu, and Mireille D. Truong. "The Utility of Annual Pelvic Exams in Asymptomatic Women [33K]." Obstetrics & Gynecology 133, no. 1 (May 2019): 126S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog/01.aog.0000559227.88685.98.

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Dec, Karolina, and Elżbieta Broniewicz. "Energy Self-Sufficient Public Utility Building—Concept." Proceedings 51, no. 1 (July 25, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020051018.

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In this study, the idea of an energy self-sufficient public utility building was presented, as well as its energy balance components and the possibility of powering it with renewable sources. The annual energy consumption profile of the building was analyzed. Current data concerning the production of electricity from Renewable Energy Systems (RES) were presented. The applicable provisions of the Directive of the European Parliament and the EU Council on energy efficiency were discussed.

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Bradbury, Michael E., and Jill Hooks. "Annual Report Disclosures Surrounding the Restructuring of the Electric Utility Industry." Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics 1, no. 2 (December 2005): 217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1815-5669(10)70010-2.

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Girgis, Reda E., Hermann Reichenspurner, Robert C. Robbins, Bruce A. Reitz, and James Theodore. "THE UTILITY OF ANNUAL SURVEILLANCE BRONCHOSCOPY IN HEART-LUNG TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS1,2." Transplantation 60, no. 12 (December 1995): 1458–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007890-199560120-00015.

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Rosen, Marc A. "REGIONAL COGENERATION VIA ELECTRICAL UTILITIES OPERATING ON NUCLEAR ENERGY AND COAL: ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 33, no. 1 (March 2009): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2009-0012.

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The use of electrical-utility cogeneration from nuclear energy and coal is examined for improving regional efficiency regarding energy-resource utilization and environmental stewardship. A case study is presented for a large and diverse hypothetical region which has nuclear and fossil facilities in its electrical utility sector. Utility-based cogeneration is determined to reduce significantly annual use of uranium and coal, as well as other fossil fuels, and related emissions for the region and its electrical-utility sector. The reduced emissions of greenhouse gases are significant, and indicate that electrical utility-based cogeneration has a key role to play in combating climate change.

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Cattani, D. J. "Divergent selection for flowering in annual bluegrass and its impact on plant development and turfgrass utility." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 83, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p01-186.

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Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) is a widely occurring turfgrass component. Recent efforts to develop cultivars of this species have led to increased interest in selection methods. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the utility of controlled growth studies for divergent selection for flowering and to evaluate the resultant selections for development and turfgrass quality. Two growth cabinet selection runs (1997 and 1998) were made at a constant 20°C and a 16-h photoperiod at low light levels. Selection was based upon the earliest and latest plants to produce a seedhead on the main stem. In the second selection run, mid-flowering selection was made to characterize the population distribution. Selections were grown out in the greenhouse in 1998 and 1999. Selections made in 1998 were seeded into a field study in August 1999 and maintained as golf green turf. Late selections flowered later than early or mid selections and produced more leaves on the main stem prior to inflorescence appearance. Seedhead ripening showed greater uniformity in late selections. Some late selections produced few seedheads under the greenhouse conditions. Selection for divergent flowering types was successful using the method employed. Turf performance was not related to flowering type, indicating that screening for turf performance will be required after initial selection for plant type. Key words: Poa annua L., selection, life history, tillering, seed production, turf performance

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Pacheco, Alejandro, Antonio Saffie, Rubén Torres, Cristian Tortella, Cristian Llanos, Daniel Vargas, and Vito Sciaraffia. "Cost/Utility Study of Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis in Chile." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 27, no. 3 (May 2007): 359–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080702700328.

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In Chile the reimbursement/patient/year for chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) is US$14,654 and for chronic hemodialysis (HD) US$10,909. However, no study comparing global (direct plus indirect) costs has been performed in our country. Our research objective was to compare global costs and quality of life between the two therapies. Patients ( n = 159) from five selected dialysis units in Chile [57 patients on PD (50 on automated PD) and 102 on standard HD (3 x 4 hours weekly)] were retrospectively studied. No patient had previously received the alternate therapy. Items analyzed were quality of life, customer satisfaction, direct and indirect costs, annual global costs, and cost/utility index. Mean age on HD was 54.14 ± 16.01 years and on PD 49.76 ± 18.88 years ( p > 0.05). No differences in the distribution of diabetic patients between the therapies were found. Hemodialysis and PD groups did not have differences in the quality of life index, although there was better customer satisfaction with PD than with HD. Direct and indirect costs were calculated. We found significant differences in favor of PD in erythropoietin consumption (2.24 ± 1.57 vials/week on HD and 1.35 ± 0.85 vials/week on PD, p < 0.05) and working time (31.0 ± 13.3 hours/week on HD and 38.5 ± 12.2 hours/week on PD, p < 0.05). The quality life index (Health-Related SF-36 Health Survey) was 65.75 on HD and 66.88 on PD. Annual global costs were US$20,803 for HD and US$20,742 for PD. The cost/utility index was 3.16 for HD and 3.10 for PD. Patients on PD have an advantage related to erythropoietin consumption and working capacity compared with HD patients. Addition of related indirect costs to reimbursements gives a more accurate insight into treatment costs. Considering all these parameters, we did not find significant differences between HD and PD in quality life index, cost/utility index, or annual global cost in this Chilean end-stage renal disease population.

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Jamil, Irfan, Jinquan Zhao, Li Zhang, Rehan Jamil, and Syed Furqan Rafique. "Evaluation of Energy Production and Energy Yield Assessment Based on Feasibility, Design, and Execution of 3 × 50 MW Grid-Connected Solar PV Pilot Project in Nooriabad." International Journal of Photoenergy 2017 (2017): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6429581.

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The installation of 3 × 50 MW (150 MW DC) large utility scale solar power plant is ground based using ventilated polycrystalline module technology with fixed tilt angle of 28° in a 750-acre land, and the site is located about 115 km northeast of Karachi, Pakistan, near the town of ThanoBula Khan, Nooriabad, Sindh. This plant will be connected to the utility distribution system through a national grid of 220 kV outgoing double-loop transmission line. The 3 × 50 MW solar PV will be one of the largest tied grid-connected power projects as the site is receiving a rich average solar radiation of 158.7 kW/h/m2/month and an annual average temperature of about of 27°C. The analysis highlights the preliminary design of the case project such as feasibility study and PV solar design aspects and is based on a simulation study of energy yield assessment which has all been illustrated. The annual energy production and energy yield assessment values of the plant are computed using the PVSYST software. The assumptions and results of energy losses, annual performance ratio (PR) 74.73%, annual capacity factor 17.7%, and annual energy production of the plant at 232,518 MWh/year are recorded accordingly. Bear in mind that reference recorded data indicates a good agreement over the performance of the proposed PV power plant.

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Wong, John, Stephanie Anne Co, Joy Bagas, Ma Sophia Graciela Reyes, Hadrian Lim, and Nel Jason Haw. "PP137 Colorectal Cancer Screening In The Philippines: Cost-Utility Analysis." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 34, S1 (2018): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462318002714.

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Introduction:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in the Philippines. In 2014, the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth) created a CRC treatment package. The study aimed to determine the cost-utility and budget impact of CRC screening strategies.Methods:A discrete-event microsimulation model was used to simulate four screening modalities: (i) guaiac-fecal occult blood test (gFOBT) followed by colonoscopy every 10 years; (ii) fecal immunochemical test (FIT) followed by colonoscopy every 10 years; (iii) FIT followed by flexible sigmoidoscopy; and (iv) colonoscopy screening every 10 years. These interventions were all compared to no screening. Parameter values were taken from a rapid review of the medical literature and primary data collection from a nationally representative sample of tertiary hospitals.Results:All screening modalities were very cost effective considering that the incremental cost-effective ratios (ICERs) were lower than the gross domestic product per capita threshold suggested by the World Health Organization. Sensitivity analysis showed that the ICERs of all screening modalities evaluated remained below this threshold. The strategy of using FIT followed by colonoscopy every 10 years had an ICER of USD 6,025, with an annual budget impact of USD 6.5 million, assuming low compliance. With moderate compliance this could increase to USD 18.7 million annually.Conclusions:PhilHealth may introduce a benefit package for outpatient screening of colorectal cancer using the screening modality of annual FIT followed by colonoscopy every 10 years.

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Sunarso, Alfeus, Kunhali Ibrahim-Bathis, Sakti A. Murti, Irwan Budiarto, and Harold S. Ruiz. "GIS-Based Assessment of the Technical and Economic Feasibility of Utility-Scale Solar PV Plants: Case Study in West Kalimantan Province." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (August 4, 2020): 6283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156283.

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This paper presents a technical and economic feasibility assessment of utility-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) plants in the West Kalimantan Province of Borneo, which is essential for boosting the development of solar PV plants in Indonesia. The assessment was performed based on a previously developed geographical information systems (GIS) package that integrates satellite-derived data of solar irradiation with locally obtained data such as land usage, topography, road lines, and an electrical network. For the evaluation of the technical and economic feasibility, annual energy production and electrical cost were calculated using an analysis tool that was integrated into a GIS package. The results show that more than 93% of the exploitable land that covers the area of 49,859 km2 is available for the development of solar PV plants, with an annual energy production higher than 180 GWh/km2 and an electricity cost lower than 0.05 USD/kWh, indicating the attractiveness of utility-scale solar PV plant development in West Kalimantan Province. A further detailed assessment of optimal sites shows that the selected sites are technically and economically feasible for the development of utility-scale solar PV plants. The approaches and results of this research should be valuable for energy planners, developers, and policy makers to set the strategies for promoting the development of utility-scale solar PV plants in pro of the sustainable development of Indonesia.

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Whitcraft, Dan, Kenneth T. Sullivan, Anusree Saseendran, and Jake Smithwick. "Case Study of Load Shifting Using Thermal Energy Ice Storage in Public Facilities." Journal of Facility Management Education and Research 1, no. 2 (January 1, 2017): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22361/jfmer/81612.

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ABSTRACT Energy management is becoming increasingly important in the building sector due to the fact that it accounts for 50% of total energy consumption in industrial nations. The objective of this study was to compare a partial thermal energy storage system and a traditional air-cooled chiller system in a building retrofit in Alachua County, Florida in order to identify energy and cost savings and to quantify those savings. Initial costs, maintenance costs, energy consumption and utility rates were used to draw comparisons between the two systems. Findings include annual utility costs and annual operating costs for the two systems, and their simple payback period. The Thermal Energy System (TES) was found to be more beneficial in the long run, despite its higher cost of installation. Practical implications of implementing an advanced system such as TES are discussed to better prepare building professionals considering TES.

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Whitfield, D. M. "Water content of a red-brown earth subjected to a range of agronomic vegetation options in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 5 (2001): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar99169.

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The management of ground water recharge in south-eastern Australia relies on the formulation of agricultural practices that utilise rainfall before it moves below the root-zone. Annual cycles of soil water content were therefore measured in a red-brown earth subjected to 5 fallow-free crop sequences, to 2 crop sequences that included fallow, and to 3 pastures. Changes in soil water content induced by wheat, barley, lupin, pea, safflower, canola, and fallow were compared with those of annual pasture and 2 monocultures of the deep-rooted perennials phalaris and lucerne in 3 years of study. Mean minimum soil water content (0–1.6 m) seen in December and May was approximately 355 mm in lucerne and phalaris, 410 mm in annuals (crops and pasture), and 475 mm in fallow. Corresponding soil water deficits appropriate to lucerne, annuals, and fallow were 185, 135, and 65 mm, respectively. Lucerne and annuals both removed approximately 85 mm water from the upper 0.6 m of the soil profile. Differences arose in the subsoil below 0.6 m, where lucerne, annuals, and fallow produced soil water deficits of approximately 100, 50, and 25 mm, respectively. The difference in soil water deficit of deep-rooted perennials and annuals was therefore caused by the extra 50 mm of water extracted by lucerne and phalaris below 0.6 m in the period September–December. The dry subsoil endured through summer to promote the storage, by soil, of rainfall in winter. The data suggest that the spatial utility of an agronomic recharge control option in south-eastern Australia depends on the magnitude of the soil water deficit associated with the vegetation. The soil water deficit, relative to winter (May–August) rainfall, discriminates between areas where annuals suffice for recharge control, where lucerne and phalaris are required for recharge control, and where agronomic annuals and perennials are both conducive to high rates of drainage.

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Jordan, David L., John W. Wilcut, and Leslie D. Fortner. "Utility of Clomazone for Annual Grass and Broadleaf Weed Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)." Weed Technology 8, no. 1 (March 1994): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00039142.

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Field experiments conducted in 1988 and 1989 evaluated clomazone alone and in a systems approach for weed control in peanut. Clomazone PPI at 0.8 kg ai/ha controlled common ragweed, prickly sida, spurred anoda, and tropic croton better than ethalfluralin and/or metolachlor applied PPI. POST application of acifluorfen plus bentazon was not needed to control these weeds when clomazone was used. Acifluorfen plus bentazon improved control of these weeds when clomazone was not used and generally were necessary to obtain peanut yields regardless of the soil-applied herbicides. Alachlor PRE did not improve clomazone control of any weed species evaluated. Fall panicum and large crabgrass control was similar with clomazone or clomazone plus ethalfluralin.

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Hawkins, Timothy W., Andrew W. Ellis, Jon A. Skindlov, and Dallas Reigle. "Intra-annual Analysis of the North American Snow Cover–Monsoon Teleconnection: Seasonal Forecasting Utility." Journal of Climate 15, no. 13 (July 2002): 1743–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<1743:iaaotn>2.0.co;2.

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Canneva, G., and L. Guérin-Schneider. "National monitoring of water utility performance in France." Water Supply 11, no. 6 (December 1, 2011): 745–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2011.110.

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Performance assessment has recently been applied to water utilities in France. Performance indicators (PIs) were initially developed as an aid to the control of public service delegation by local authorities. After a long process, a group of PIs was integrated into mandatory annual reports on service quality and price, in order to better inform utility users and reinforce the regulation of the sector by local public authorities. As water utilities in France are highly fragmented, this development in isolation may have only limited effects. The additional comparison of performance is likely to improve service quality and efficiency and keep prices affordable. The French national agency for water (ONEMA) – created in 2006 – is in charge of building the monitoring system of water utility performance. This paper presents the objectives of this monitoring system, the methodology used to create it and its shortcomings. Due to the large number of utilities, the data collection process faces difficulties. Some conclusions are drawn on how to obtain stronger involvement of local authorities.

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Van Deusen, Paul C., and Francis A. Roesch. "Estimating forest conversion rates with annual forest inventory data." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 39, no. 10 (October 2009): 1993–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x09-075.

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The rate of land-use conversion from forest to nonforest or natural forest to forest plantation is of interest for forest certification purposes and also as part of the process of assessing forest sustainability. Conversion rates can be estimated from remeasured inventory plots in general, but the emphasis here is on annual inventory data. A new estimator is proposed based on analysis of plot-level variables that indicate when a change in forest condition occurs between inventory remeasurements. A weighted maximum likelihood estimator is derived that incorporates the binomial nature of the indicator variables, mapped plot conditions, and varying remeasurement periods. Example applications demonstrate the utility of the proposed methodology. This approach is broadly useful for estimating the annual rate of change from an initial condition to another condition from annual forest inventory data.

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An, Hyunjin, and Sangmin Lee. "A Utility Maximized Harvest Decision Model for Privately Owned Coniferous Forests in the Republic of Korea." Forests 11, no. 12 (November 28, 2020): 1273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11121273.

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This study examined optimal harvesting decisions of multiple age-class private forests that maximize private forest owners’ utility. For this analysis, we developed two scenarios. One scenario was to maintain the harvest level currently performed in the Republic of Korea (ROK) (baseline scenario), and the other was to harvest according to the harvest prescription derived from the discrete-time utility model with a multiple age-class forest (optimization scenario). For the baseline scenario, the cohort component approach was applied to predict changes in the forest’s age structure under the given harvest level. For the optimization scenario, we applied a discrete-time utility model that can describe the consumption and cutting behavior of private forest owners who manage a multiple age-class forest. Then, we compared the changes of the timber supply level and forest structure dynamic by scenarios. The results showed that current harvesting in ROK is not at its optimal level. The baseline scenario results showed that if the current level of harvesting is maintained, a total of 1,315,000 m3 of soft wood will be supplied annually. However, the average annual wood supply will increase to 11,522,000 m3 under the maximized utility scenario. In terms of timber self-sufficiency, if all domestic wood produced is supplied as materials, the supply level from the optimization scenario will meet the government’s policy goal of a 30% timber self-sufficiency rate. However, if the baseline scenario is maintained, supply shortages can be expected by 2050.

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R. P., Praveen. "Performance Analysis and Optimization of Central Receiver Solar Thermal Power Plants for Utility Scale Power Generation." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010127.

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The paper puts forth the design, performance analysis, and optimization of a 100 MWe central receiver solar thermal power plant with thermal energy storage capability, which can be utilized effectively to meet the renewable energy targets of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). In this paper, three representative sites in KSA are selected for analysis as these sites experience an annual average direct normal irradiance (DNI) of more than 5.5 kWh/m2/day. The optimization approach presented in this work aims to arrive at the best possible design parameters that suit a particular location in accordance with its DNI profile. From the analysis, an annual energy of 559.61 GWh can be generated in Yanbu with eight hours of thermal energy storage, 18.19% plant efficiency, and a capacity factor of 61.1%. The central receiver plant in Abha would be able to offer an annual energy of 536.31 GWh with the highest plant efficiency of 18.97% and a capacity factor of 60.7%. The performance of the proposed design in the two locations of Yanbu and Abha fares better when compared to the operational plant data of central receiver plant in Crescent Dunes. Based on the findings, the proposed 100 MWe central receiver Solar thermal power plants can be effectively implemented in KSA to meet the energy demands of the region.

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de Mesquita, Bruce Bueno. "The War Trap Revisited: A Revised Expected Utility Model." American Political Science Review 79, no. 1 (March 1985): 156–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1956125.

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The expected utility framework developed in The War Trap is revised to correct several deficiencies. Risk-taking orientations are now treated as an integral part of the model by introducing concavity or convexity into the utility functions. The zero-sum properties of the theory are largely eliminated, and the tendency toward interpersonal comparisons of utility is removed. Several earlier results are replicated with the new model, and with annual capabilities data. New propositions are deduced that identify important limitations on conflict initiation, and relationships resulting from differences in perceptions are tested. Support is found for the contention that the revised version of the theory, of which the original model is a special case, is a powerful tool for integrating many extant hypotheses about conflict and for explaining a substantial portion of the tendency for some threats to escalate to violence or warfare and for others to be resolved peacefully.

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Bessen, Taryn, Dorothy M. K. Keefe, and Jonathan Karnon. "DOES ONE SIZE FIT ALL? COST UTILITY ANALYSES OF ALTERNATIVE MAMMOGRAPHIC FOLLOW-UP SCHEDULES, BY RISK OF RECURRENCE." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 31, no. 5 (2015): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462315000598.

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Objectives: International guidelines recommend annual mammography after early breast cancer, but there is no randomized controlled trial evidence to support this schedule over any other. Given that not all women have the same risk of recurrence, it is possible that, by defining different risk profiles, we could tailor mammographic schedules that are more effective and efficient.Methods: A discrete event simulation model was developed to describe the progression of early breast cancer after completion of primary treatment. Retrospective data for 1,100 postmenopausal women diagnosed with early breast cancer in South Australia from 2000 to 2008 were used to calibrate the model. Women were divided into four prognostic subgroups based on the Nottingham Prognostic Index of their primary tumor. For each subgroup, we compared the cost-effectiveness of three different mammographic schedules for two different age groups.Results: Annual mammographic follow-up was not cost-effective for most postmenopausal women. Two yearly mammography was cost-effective for all women with excellent prognosis tumors; and for women with good prognosis tumors if high compliance rates can be achieved. Annual mammography for 5 years and 2 yearly surveillance thereafter (a mixed schedule) may be cost-effective for 50- to 69-year-old women with moderate prognosis tumors, and for women aged 70–79 years with poor prognosis tumors. For younger women with poor prognosis tumors, annual mammography is potentially cost-effective.Conclusions: Our results suggest that mammographic follow-up could be tailored according to risk of recurrence. If validated with larger datasets, this could potentially set the stage for personalized mammographic follow-up after breast cancer.

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Fleissig, Adrian R., Alastair R. Hall, and John J. Seater. "GARP, SEPARABILITY, AND THE REPRESENTATIVE AGENT." Macroeconomic Dynamics 4, no. 3 (September 2000): 324–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100500016035.

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We examine whether annual, quarterly, and monthly U.S. aggregate consumption data could have been generated by a utility-maximizing representative agent with intertemporally separable utility. The model appears inapplicable over the full time periods covered by the NIPA data, which are the sample periods often used in the literature. The model does appear applicable, however, over long subsamples. The data also are inconsistent with separability assumptions routinely made in the literature. In particular, the main categories of consumption (nondurables, services, and durables) are not mutually separable. We consider the implications of our results for inference about consumption based on the representative-agent model.

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Alsumaiei, Abdullah A. "Utility of Artificial Neural Networks in Modeling Pan Evaporation in Hyper-Arid Climates." Water 12, no. 5 (May 25, 2020): 1508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051508.

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Evaporation is the major water-loss component of the hydrologic cycle and thus requires efficient management. This study aims to model daily pan evaporation rates in hyper-arid climates using artificial neural networks (ANNs). Hyper-arid climates are characterized by harsh environmental conditions where annual precipitation rates do not exceed 3% of annual evaporation rates. For the first time, ANNs were applied to model such climatic conditions in the State of Kuwait. Pan evaporation data from 1993–2015 were normalized to a 0–1 range to boost ANN performance and the ANN structure was optimized by testing various meteorological input combinations. Levenberg–Marquardt algorithms were used to train the ANN models. The proposed ANN was satisfactorily efficient in modeling pan evaporation in these hyper-arid climatic conditions. The Nash–Sutcliffe coefficients ranged from 0.405 to 0.755 over the validation period. Mean air temperatures and average wind speeds were identified as meteorological variables that most influenced the ANN performance. A sensitivity analysis showed that the number of hidden layers did not significantly impact the ANN performance. The ANN models demonstrated considerable bias in predicting high pan evaporation rates (>25 mm/day). The proposed modeling method may assist water managers in Kuwait and other hyper-arid regions in establishing resilient water-management plans.

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Jacobs, Cale A., Christian P. Christensen, and Tharun Karthikeyan. "Assessing the Utility of Routine First Annual Follow-Up Visits After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty." Journal of Arthroplasty 30, no. 4 (April 2015): 552–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2014.11.016.

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Yokoyama, R., K. Ito, and Y. Matsumoto. "Optimal Sizing of a Gas Turbine Cogeneration Plant in Consideration of Its Operational Strategy." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 116, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906806.

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An optimal planning method is proposed for the fundamental design of cogeneration plants. Equipment capacities and utility maximum demands are determined so as to minimize the annual total cost in consideration of the plants’ annual operational strategies for the variations of both electricity and thermal energy demands. These sizing and operational planning problems are formulated as a nonlinear programming problem and a mixed-integer linear programming problem, respectively. They are solved efficiently in consideration of their hierarchical relationship by a penalty method. A numerical example about a gas turbine plant is given to ascertain the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.

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Yokoyama, R., and K. Ito. "Multi-objective Optimization in Unit Sizing of a Gas Turbine Cogeneration Plant." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 117, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2812781.

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An optimal planning method for cogeneration plants proposed earlier is extended to the case with multiple optimization criteria. Equipment capacities and utility maximum demands are determined so as to minimize both the annual total cost and the annual primary energy consumption in consideration of plants’ operational strategies for energy demand requirements. This problem is considered as a multi-objective optimization one, and a discrete set of Pareto optimal solutions is derived numerically by the weighting method. Through a numerical study on a simple cycle gas turbine cogeneration plant used for district heating and cooling, a trade-off relationship between the economic and energy-saving properties is clarified.

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Jonkers, Catharina C. M., Femke Lamers, Silvia M. A. A. Evers, Hans Bosma, Job F. Metsemakers, and Jacques Th M. Van Eijk. "Economic evaluation of a minimal psychological intervention in chronically ill elderly patients with minor or mild to moderate depression: A randomized trial (the DELTA-study)." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 25, no. 4 (October 2009): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646230999050x.

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Objectives: Depression is associated with high healthcare utilization and related costs. Effective treatments might reduce the economic burden. The objective of this study was to establish the cost-utility of a minimal psychological intervention (MPI) aimed at reducing depression and improving quality of life in elderly persons with diabetes or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and co-occurring minor, mild, or moderate depression.Methods: Trial-based cost-utility analysis was used to compare the MPI with usual care. Annual costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) based on the Euroqol (EQ5D) and on depression-free days were calculated.Results: Annual costs and effects were not significantly different for the MPI group and care as usual. Bootstrap analysis indicated a dominant intervention, with a probability of 63 percent that the MPI is less costly and more effective than usual care.Conclusions: The cost-effectiveness analysis does not support dissemination of the MPI in its current form. The economic evaluation study showed limited probability that MPI is cost-effective over usual care. Further adjustments to the MPI are needed to make the intervention suitable for dissemination in regular care. Trial registration: isrctn.org, identifier: ISRCTN92331982.

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Lad, Shivanand P. "Long-term Cost Utility of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients with Failed Back Surgery Syndrome." september 2017 6, no. 20;6 (September 11, 2017): E797—E805. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.20.5.e797.

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Background: Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a cause of significant morbidity for up to 40% of patients following spine surgery, and is estimated to cost almost $20 billion. Treatment options for these patients currently include conventional medical management (CMM), repeat operation, or spinal cord stimulation (SCS). Much of the published data regarding cost effectiveness of SCS comprise smaller scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) rather than large databases capturing practices throughout the US. SCS has been shown to have superior outcomes to CMM or repeat spinal operation in several landmark studies, yet there are few large studies examining its long-term economic impact. Objectives: This study compares health care utilization for SCS compared to other management in patients with FBSS. Study Design: Retrospective. Setting: Inpatient and outpatient sample. Methods: Patients with a history of FBSS from 2000 to 2012 were selected. We compared those who received SCS to those who underwent conventional management. A longitudinal analysis was used to model the value of log(cost) in each one year interval using a generalized estimating equations (GEE) model to account for the correlation of the same patient’s cost in multiple years. Similarly, a Poisson GEE model with the log link was applied to correlated count outcomes. Results: We identified 122,827 FBSS patients. Of these, 5,328 underwent SCS implantation (4.34%) and 117,499 underwent conventional management. Total annual costs decreased over time following implantation of the SCS system, with follow-up analysis at 1, 3, 6, and 9 years. The longitudinal GEE model demonstrated that placement of an SCS system was associated with an initial increase in total costs at the time of implantation (cost ratio [CR]: 1.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.41, 2.15, P < 0.001), however there was a significant and sustained 68% decrease in cost in the year following SCS placement (CR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.42, P < 0.001) compared to CMM. There was also an aggregate time trend that for each additional year after SCS, cost decreased on average 40% percent annually (CR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.65, P < 0.001), with follow-up up to 1, 3, 6, and 9 years post-procedure. Limitations: Costs are not correlated with patient outcomes, patients are not stratified in terms of complexity of prior back surgery, as well as inherent limitations of a retrospective analysis. Conclusions: We found that from 2000 to 2012, only 4.3% of patients across the United States with FBSS were treated with SCS. Long-term total annual costs for these patients were significantly reduced compared to patients with conventional management. Although implantation of an SCS system results in a short-term increase in costs at one year, the subsequent annual cumulative costs were significantly decreased long-term in the following 9 years after implantation. This study combines the largest group of FBSS patients studied to date along with the longest follow-up interval ever analyzed. Since SCS has repeatedly been shown to have superior efficacy to CMM in randomized clinical trials, the current study demonstrating improved long-term health economics at 1, 3, 6, and 9 years supports the long-term cost utility of SCS in the treatment of FBSS patients.

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Gladman, Dafna D., Philip S. Helliwell, Majed Khraishi, Kristina Callis Duffin, and Philip J. Mease. "Dermatology Screening Tools: Project Update from the GRAPPA 2012 Annual Meeting." Journal of Rheumatology 40, no. 8 (August 2013): 1425–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.130455.

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Several screening tools for early identification of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have been developed. While these tools had high sensitivity and specificity during their development and initial validation, it remained to be determined how they would function with widespread use. At the 2012 annual meeting of the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) in Stockholm, Sweden, these tools were compared for their utility when used to screen patients for PsA in clinics other than those in which they were developed. The screening tools did not perform as well as previously published, and members suggested new tools may need to be developed. An additional study of the prevalence of PsA in a large cohort of psoriasis patients, the PREPARE study, which investigated the use of screening questionnaires, was also presented.

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Jäämaa-Holmberg, Salla, Birgitta Salmela, Raili Suojaranta, Karl B. Lemström, and Jyri Lommi. "Cost-utility of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest." European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care 9, no. 4 (January 31, 2020): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2048872619900090.

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Background: The use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in cardiogenic shock keeps increasing, but its cost-utility is unknown. Methods: We studied retrospectively the cost-utility of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a five-year cohort of consequent patients treated due to refractory cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest in a transplant centre in 2013–2017. In our centre, venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is considered for all cardiogenic shock patients potentially eligible for heart transplantation, and for selected postcardiotomy patients. We assessed the costs of the index hospitalization and of the one-year hospital costs, and the patients’ health-related quality of life (response rate 71.7%). Based on the data and the population-based life expectancies, we calculated the amount and the costs of quality-adjusted life years gained both without discount and with an annual discount of 3.5%. Results: The cohort included 102 patients (78 cardiogenic shock; 24 cardiac arrest) of whom 67 (65.7%) survived to discharge and 66 (64.7%) to one year. The effective costs per one hospital survivor were 242,303€. Median in-hospital costs of the index hospitalization per patient were 129,967€ (interquartile range 150,340€). Mean predicted number of quality-adjusted life years gained by the treatment was 20.9 (standard deviation 9.7) without discount, and the median cost per quality-adjusted life year was 7474€ (interquartile range 10,973€). With the annual discount of 3.5%, 13.0 (standard deviation 4.8) quality-adjusted life years were gained with the cost of 12,642€ per quality-adjusted life year (interquartile range 15,059€). Conclusions: We found the use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in refractory cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest justified from the cost-utility point of view in a transplant centre setting.

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Kim, Hang J., Alan F. Karr, and Jerome P. Reiter. "Statistical Disclosure Limitation in the Presence of Edit Rules." Journal of Official Statistics 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jos-2015-0006.

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Abstract We compare two general strategies for performing statistical disclosure limitation (SDL) for continuous microdata subject to edit rules. In the first, existing SDL methods are applied, and any constraint-violating values they produce are replaced using a constraint-preserving imputation procedure. In the second, the SDL methods are modified to prevent them from generating violations. We present a simulation study, based on data from the Colombian Annual Manufacturing Survey, that evaluates the performance of the two strategies as applied to several SDL methods. The results suggest that differences in risk-utility profiles across SDL methods dwarf differences between the two general strategies. Among the SDL strategies, variants of microaggregation and partially synthetic data offer the most attractive risk-utility profiles.

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Peláez Fermoso, Francisco J., Ana García González, and Jesús Mª Gómez García. "Implicaciones del consumo y de la flexibilidad de la oferta laboral en el bienestar de los partícipes de planes de pensiones del Sistema de Empleo." Studies of Applied Economics 30, no. 3 (June 7, 2020): 1069. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/eea.v30i3.3620.

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This work aims to carry out a comparative analysis of the pension plans of the employment system (both defined benefit and defined contribution plans) from the point of view of the welfare perceived by each worker. Considering flexibility in the labor supply of the promoting company of the pension scheme, we seek to maximize the utility of the time preferences of consumption and leisure for each employee. We propose a dynamic optimization problem of intertemporal choice, and we describe both the returns on the investments of the Fund and the annual wage growth rates as discrete markovian processes. For each type of pension plan, we analyse the optimal consumption and leisure values that maximize the utility (welfare) of the worker over several periods of time.

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Crow, W. T., S. V. Kumar, and J. D. Bolten. "On the utility of land surface models for agricultural drought monitoring." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 9 (September 24, 2012): 3451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-3451-2012.

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Abstract. The lagged rank cross-correlation between model-derived root-zone soil moisture estimates and remotely sensed vegetation indices (VI) is examined between January 2000 and December 2010 to quantify the skill of various soil moisture models for agricultural drought monitoring. Examined modeling strategies range from a simple antecedent precipitation index to the application of modern land surface models (LSMs) based on complex water and energy balance formulations. A quasi-global evaluation of lagged VI/soil moisture cross-correlation suggests, when globally averaged across the entire annual cycle, soil moisture estimates obtained from complex LSMs provide little added skill (< 5% in relative terms) in anticipating variations in vegetation condition relative to a simplified water accounting procedure based solely on observed precipitation. However, larger amounts of added skill (5–15% in relative terms) can be identified when focusing exclusively on the extra-tropical growing season and/or utilizing soil moisture values acquired by averaging across a multi-model ensemble.

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Crow, W. T., S. V. Kumar, and J. D. Bolten. "On the utility of land surface models for agricultural drought monitoring." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 9, no. 4 (April 19, 2012): 5167–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-9-5167-2012.

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Abstract. The lagged rank cross-correlation between model-derived root-zone soil moisture estimates and remotely-sensed vegetation indices (VI) is examined between January 2000 and December 2010 to quantify the skill of various soil moisture models for agricultural drought monitoring. Examined modeling strategies range from a simple antecedent precipitation index to the application of modern land surface models (LSMs) based on complex water and energy balance formations. A quasi-global evaluation of lagged VI/soil moisture cross-correlation suggests, when averaged in bulk across the annual cycle, little or no added skill (<5% in relative terms) is associated with applying modern LSMs to off-line agricultural drought monitoring relative to simple accounting procedures based solely on observed precipitation accumulations. However, slightly larger amounts of added skill (5–15% in relative terms) are identified when focusing exclusively on the extra-tropical growing season and/or utilizing soil moisture values acquired by averaging across a multi-model ensemble.

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Stillwell, J. C. H. "Monitoring intercensal migration in the United Kingdom." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 26, no. 11 (November 1994): 1711–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x9402601103.

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This author demonstrates the utility of the National Health Service Central Register of patient reregistrations for providing continuous information for monitoring changes over time in migration behaviour within the United Kingdom. An information system has been constructed that contains annual time-series data with which to illustrate trends in the volume, composition, and geographical distribution of migration during the 1980s. Issues of data reliability and system expansion are amongst those discussed.

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Mhundwa, Russel, Michael Simon, and Joel Nana Yongoua. "The electrical energy impact of small-scale onsite generation: A case study of a 75 kWp grid-tied PV system." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 31, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2020/v31i4a8808.

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This study presents an analysis of a 75 kWp grid-tied solar photovoltaic (PV) system with a grid tie limiter to provide energy requirements for an aquaculture centre in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. A data acquisition system, comprising power and energy consumption meters, was deployed to measure solar PV generation, demand for the facility, and energy drawn from the utility grid. Statistical analysis was conducted on the data to determine the impact of the solar PV plant in reducing demand from the utility grid throughout the day, and this was extrapolated into monthly and annual contributions by the PV system to meeting the energy requirements. Findings reveal that the annual energy yield for the system was 1 864.29 kWh/kWp. The solar contribution to the total load requirement on a 24 hour cycle was 28% (139.82 MWh) from July 2018 to June 2019. Summer and winter average contributions by the PV system were 62% and 57% respectively for the period of 05:30–18:30. The mean monthly solar fraction for operating the farm between sunrise and sunset was 0.44. Furthermore, a total of 141.07 tCO2 has been avoided due to the operation of the PV system.

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Gallant, Ailie J. E., David J. Karoly, and Karin L. Gleason. "Consistent Trends in a Modified Climate Extremes Index in the United States, Europe, and Australia." Journal of Climate 27, no. 4 (February 10, 2014): 1379–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00783.1.

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Abstract The utility of a combined modified climate extremes index (mCEI) is presented for monitoring coherent trends in multiple types of climate extremes across large regions. Its usefulness lies in its ability to distill complex spatiotemporal fields into a simple, flexible nonparametric index. Two versions of the mCEI are computed that incorporate changes in several annual- or daily-scale temperature-related and moisture-related extremes. Applying data from the contiguous United States, Europe, and Australia detects consistent and statistically significant increases in the spatial prevalence of climate extremes from 1950 to 2012. All three continental-scale regions show increasingly widespread warm annual- and daily-scale minimum and maximum temperature extremes, a decreasing spatial extent of cool annual- and daily-scale minimum and maximum temperature extremes, and increasing areas where the proportion of annual total precipitation falls on heavy-rain days. There were no statistically significant trends toward more widespread, annual-scale drought or moisture surplus in any region. The dependence of annual extremes on the frequency of daily-scale extremes is highlighted by the strong covariations between annual- and daily-scale extremes in all regions. By the nature of construction of the combined indices, the differences in the trends of the mCEI and daily-scale mCEI (dmCEI) suggest that extremes in more areas are changing primarily because of a shift of temperature and daily rainfall distributions toward warm extremes and heavy-rainfall extremes.

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Grima, D. T., G. W. Torrance, G. Francis, G. Rice, A. J. Rosner, and L. Lafortune. "Cost and health related quality of life consequences of multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 6, no. 2 (April 2000): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135245850000600207.

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Objectives: To (i) quantify the cost of multiple sclerosis (MS) to the Canadian health care system and society; (ii) measure health utility in MS patients, and (iii) examine the influence of disability on patient utility and health care costs.Materials and methods: A comprehensive patient survey and chart review of relapsing MS patient in remission, relapse and recalling a relapse.Results: Annual remission costs increased with EDSS level ($7596 at EDSS 1, $33 206 at EDSS 6). At all EDSS levels the largest costs were due to inability to work, which increased with EDSS. The average relapse cost for all EDSS levels was $1367. An inverse correlation was found between EDSS level and patient utility for patient in remission and relapse. The decrease in remission health utility from EDSS I to 6 was 0.24, which is 25% greater than the difference in health status between an average 25 and 85 year-old.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that MS produces substantial health care cost and reductions in patient quality of life and ability to work, losses that can be avoided or delayed if disease progression is slowed. These data provide health-care decision-makers with the opportunity to consider the full impact of MS when faced with budget allocation decisions.

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Sather, Mark E., Shaibal Mukerjee, Kara L. Allen, Luther Smith, Johnson Mathew, Clarence Jackson, Ryan Callison, et al. "Gaseous Oxidized Mercury Dry Deposition Measurements in the Southwestern USA: A Comparison between Texas, Eastern Oklahoma, and the Four Corners Area." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/580723.

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Gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) dry deposition measurements using aerodynamic surrogate surface passive samplers were collected in central and eastern Texas and eastern Oklahoma, from September 2011 to September 2012. The purpose of this study was to provide an initial characterization of the magnitude and spatial extent of ambient GOM dry deposition in central and eastern Texas for a 12-month period which contained statistically average annual results for precipitation totals, temperature, and wind speed. The research objective was to investigate GOM dry deposition in areas of Texas impacted by emissions from coal-fired utility boilers and compare it with GOM dry deposition measurements previously observed in eastern Oklahoma and the Four Corners area. Annual GOM dry deposition rate estimates were relatively low in Texas, ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 ng/m2h at the four Texas monitoring sites, similar to the 0.2 ng/m2h annual GOM dry deposition rate estimate recorded at the eastern Oklahoma monitoring site. The Texas and eastern Oklahoma annual GOM dry deposition rate estimates were at least four times lower than the highest annual GOM dry deposition rate estimate previously measured in the more arid bordering western states of New Mexico and Colorado in the Four Corners area.

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Uyeda, Kellie A., Douglas A. Stow, John F. O'Leary, Christina Tague, and Philip J. Riggan. "Chaparral growth-ring analysis as an indicator of stand biomass development." International Journal of Wildland Fire 25, no. 10 (2016): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf16080.

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Chaparral wildfires typically create even-aged stands of vegetation that grow quickly in the first 2 decades following a fire. Patterns of this growth are important for understanding ecosystem productivity and re-establishment success, but are logistically challenging to measure over long time periods. We tested the utility of a novel method of using shrub growth rings to estimate stand-level biomass accumulation at an annual time scale in southern California chaparral. We examined how temporal variation in precipitation and spatial variation in solar irradiation influence that accumulation. Using field measurements and a relationship between stem basal area and aboveground biomass, we estimated current biomass levels in an 11-year-old chaparral stand, and used growth-ring diameters to estimate growth in each year from age 4 to 11 years. We found that annual growth as measured by shrub growth rings tracked closely with patterns of annual precipitation, but not with time since fire. Solar irradiation was not found to be a significant covariate with total biomass by plot, possibly due to sampling area limitations. The close relationship of annual biomass accumulation with annual precipitation indicates that shrub growth-ring measurements can provide a useful metric of stand-level recovery.

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Kalia, Kritika, Robert Tulloh, and Neil Grubb. "Identification of atrial fibrillation in secondary care diabetes and vascular clinics: a pilot study." Future Cardiology 16, no. 3 (May 2020): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fca-2019-0010.

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Aim: To determine the feasibility and utility of the AliveCor® handheld ECG device in screening for asymptomatic atrial fibrillation in high-risk patients attending secondary care clinics. Materials & methods: Patients were recruited from diabetes and vascular outpatient clinics, and the AliveCor device used to store a 30-second ECG recording. Clinical risk stratification systems (CHAD2S2-VASc and HAS-BLED) assessed individual suitability for oral anticoagulation. Results: Atrial fibrillation was detected in 2 of 149 patients (1.3%), with CHA2DS2-VASc-derived annual stroke risk of 4%. Given low bleeding susceptibility (HAS-BLED), oral anticoagulation was strongly indicated. Conclusion: AliveCor technology offers a simple approach to retrieve large volumes of ECG data. A follow-up study with a larger cohort would reinforce the clinical utility of screening this high-risk population.

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Collins, Jonathan, Jeremy Parkes, and Andrew Tindal. "Short Term Forecasting for Utility-Scale Wind Farms — The Power Model Challenge." Wind Engineering 33, no. 3 (May 2009): 247–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0309-524x.33.3.247.

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To date, many studies have focused on the mathematical modelling techniques for forecasting the production from wind farms, looking predominantly at the task of predicting the meteorological conditions at the site. This paper focuses on the final stage of the forecasting process-conversion from a meteorological forecast to a power production forecast. This challenge is particularly significant for utility-scale (>100MW) wind farms, where the simple application of a turbine manufacturer's power curve is insufficient to capture the true behaviour and interaction of the wind turbines over the whole site. This paper shows that the errors introduced by this power conversion process can be significantly reduced through the use of more advanced power modelling methods. A market trading scenario is considered and the increase in annual trading revenue for an example 100MW wind farm when using an advanced power model is estimated to be €180,000.

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Pope, Jeanette, and Megan Counahan. "Evaluating the utility of surveillance data to decision makers in Victoria, Australia." Sexual Health 2, no. 2 (2005): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh04052.

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Objective. Evaluating the utility of surveillance data to decision makers in Victoria, Australia. Methods. A survey of all sexually transmitted infection program directors in Victoria, Australia, was undertaken to examine readership and use of annual and quarterly reports. Results. One hundred and sixteen programs in 86 organisations were identified as undertaking sexually transmitted infection control activities in Victoria. Around 17% of the directors never read the reports and others reported not finding the information contained in them useful. While we found the information generated from the surveillance system has an important role in triggering action for epidemics and pervades more general decision making by improving the general knowledge of sexually transmitted infection trends, the indicators are not seen as useful by most key stakeholders. Conclusions. Significant improvements in the utility of the system could be made by changes to the data output and key suggestions made by the stakeholders are outlined.

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Momani, Bessma. "Assessing the Utility of, and Measuring Learning from, Canada's IMF Article IV Consultations." Canadian Journal of Political Science 39, no. 2 (June 2006): 249–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423906060124.

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Abstract.The International Monetary Fund's (IMF) annual Article IV consultation meetings and ensuing reports are external assessments of member states' economies by highly regarded international economists, designed to ensure that member states conform to IMF-prescribed liberal economic standards. For non-borrowing advanced industrialized countries, like Canada, what is the perceived utility of these annual Article IV consultations? Constructivists suggest that the adept staff of international organizations (IO) teach state civil servants and officials how to better formulate sound policies. However, constructivists need to engage in further empirical study to back up their theoretical assumptions about IO teaching and state learning. Based on personal interviews with Department of Finance staff involved in Article IV consultations and on content analysis of IMF reports on Canada, this paper contributes an empirical study on whether the Fund staff “teaches” and Canada's finance department staff “learns” from the annual surveillance exercises. The findings of this paper suggest that although involved Canadian Finance personnel appreciate meeting with the Fund staff as an academic and intellectual exchange, the policy advice they receive in the Article IV consultations rarely, if ever, changes their economic analyses, because the Fund's advice tends to not be practical. Based on suggestions from Department of Finance staff, as well as IMF evaluations of its bilateral surveillance, this paper concludes with recommendations from the finance staff on how to improve on the utility of Article IV consultations.Résumé.Les réunions annuelles de consultation au titre de l'article IV du Fonds monétaire international (FMI) et les rapports suivant sont des évaluations externes pour les économies des états membre, par des économistes internationaux tres reconnu, conçu pour assurer que ces états membre conforme aux normes économiques libérales prescrit par le FMI. Pour les pays industrialisés avancés non-empruntant, comme le Canada, quel est l'utilité perçue de ces Consultations annuelles au titre de l'article IV? Les constructivists suggère que fonctionnaires habile des organisations internationales (OI) enseigne des fonctionnaires de l'état pour qu'ils puissant mieux forumler leur politique. Cependant, les suppositions théoriques des constructivists a propos de l'enseignement des OI et l'érudition des états ont besoins d'étude empirique plus ample pour expliquer leurs arguments. Basé sur des entretiens personnels avec les personnel du Département de Finance impliqué dans les consultations au titre de l'article IV et sur l'analyse des contenu des rapports de l'FMI sur le Canada, cette article contribue une étude empirique pour determiné si le personnel des Fonds ‘enseigne’ et le personnel du département de finance du Canada ‘apprend’ a travers les exercices de surveillance annuels. Les conclusions de cette article suggèrent que bien que le personnel de Finance Canadien impliqué apprécie la réunion avec les équipe du FMI au tant q'échange intellectuel et dialogue, les conseils de politique dans les consultations au titre de l'article IV donnet rarement, si jamais, un changement dans leur analyse économique parce que les conseils ont tendance à ne pas être pratique. Ce papier conclut, basé sur les suggestions du personnel au Département Canadien de Finance, et par les évaluations du FMI de sa surveillance bilatérale, avec des recommandations au personnel de finance pour améliorer sur l'utilité des consultations au titre de l'article IV.

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Stone, Christian D., Jiajing Chen, and Eric S. Armbrecht. "1129 Utility of Annual Testing for Tuberculosis Infection During Treatment With Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Medications." Gastroenterology 142, no. 5 (May 2012): S—206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(12)60772-0.

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Winquist, Eric, Alexandra Rowe, Stan VanUum, D. Scott Ernst, Kylea R. Potvin, Maureen Quinn, and Grace Bradish. "Utility of annual screening serum testosterone level in men on surveillance for clinical stage I testicular cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 5_suppl (February 10, 2017): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.5_suppl.144.

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144 Background: Testicular cancer occurs in young men and is usually cured leaving survivors with many life years at risk from long term treatment effects. Risks increase with treatment intensity and include cardiovascular disease associated with the metabolic syndrome (Haugnes 2012, de Haas 2013). Testosterone deficiency (TD) is associated with metabolic syndrome & reduced QoL (Huddart 2005). Serum testosterone levels (STLs) are also influenced by underlying testicular dysgenesis & the effects of ageing (Skakkebaek 2001, Oldenburg 2016). We added annual screening STL to our surveillance protocols in 2013 & reviewed the value of this practice. Methods: Men followed in our Testicular Surveillance Clinic from 01 Jan 2006 to 31 Dec 2015 were identified electronically & data extracted retrospectively. Men eligible for this analysis had clinical stage I (CS I) testicular cancer treated with unilateral orchiectomy alone. Outcomes of interest were STLs, Endocrinology referral (Endo) & treatment with androgen replacement therapy (ART). TD was defined by 3 cutoffs of most recent screening STL: < 8.6 nmol/L [age 20-49] (or < 6.7 nmol/L [age > 50]) (local laboratory), < 10.1 nmol/L (Huddart 2005), or < 12.1 nmol/L (EAA & EAU). Results: 77 eligible men were identified: median age 34 years (range, 15-65), seminoma/nonseminoma/mixed/other (45/27/4/1). By the 3 STL cutoffs, TD was present in 13 (16.9% [95%CI, 9.3-27.1%), 22 (28.6% [18.8-40.0%] & 37 (48.1% [36.5-59.7%]); respectively. Nine men (11.4%) were referred to Endo, 1 had morning STL pending & 1 was using OTC ART. Of 8 men assessed by Endo, 5 (6.5%) were prescribed ART. Six men had no screening STL done (3 nonadherent, 1 prostate cancer & 2 unknown). Two men were discharged from clinic with unequivocal low STL. Conclusions: Annual screening STL appears to be useful and may be necessary. 15 CS I men (19.5%) in our clinic had unequivocal TD &/or were referred to an Endo. An additional 20 men (26%) had STLs in a range associated with reduced QoL. Almost half had STLs considered suitable for ART in the presence of symptoms. Two men (2.6%) were discharged with low STLs unaddressed. Guidelines for the optimal assessment and management of men with positive screening for TD are needed.

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Huss, William R. "Comparative analysis of company forecasts and advanced time series techniques using annual electric utility energy sales data." International Journal of Forecasting 1, no. 3 (1985): 217–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-2070(85)90004-4.

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Darby, Paul, William Hollerman, and John Miller. "Exploring the Potential Utility of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Practical Bridge Inspection in Louisiana." MATEC Web of Conferences 271 (2019): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927101001.

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), especially those allowing programmed flight paths, with stops and hovering, e.g. the quad and hex rotor drones, have gathered attention in recently for as their potential use in certain envisioned applications that may be difficult, expensive, or dangerous to do manually. One poignant use case important to the State of Louisiana is that of bridge inspection. In the Lafayette District of LADOTD alone, more than 1600 bridges require annual inspection. In this paper, considerations and criteria important UAV-based bridge inspection in Louisiana are researched and analyzed; experiments with actual UAVs are conducted, and findings provide insight into the problem and potential solutions. The conclusion recommends further research items.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Annual utility'

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