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Journal articles on the topic 'Anode oxidation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Dbira, Sondos, Nasr Bensalah, Mohammad I. Ahmad, and Ahmed Bedoui. "Electrochemical Oxidation/Disinfection of Urine Wastewaters with Different Anode Materials." Materials 12, no. 8 (2019): 1254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12081254.

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In the present work, electrochemical technology was used simultaneously for the deactivation of microorganisms and the destruction of micro-pollutants contained in synthetic urine wastewaters. Microorganisms (E. coli) were added to synthetic urine wastewaters to mimic secondary treated sewage wastewaters. Different anode materials were employed including boron-doped diamond (BDD), dimensionally stable anode (DSA: IrO2 and RuO2) and platinum (Pt). The results showed that for the different anode materials, a complete deactivation of E. coli microorganisms at low applied electric charge (1.34 Ah

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2

Lou, Kang, Feng Hui Wang, Yong Jun Lu, and Xiang Zhao. "Effect of inhomogeneous re-oxidation on Ni-based SOFC oxidation resistance." International Journal of Modern Physics B 30, no. 27 (2016): 1650200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979216502003.

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Inhomogeneous re-oxidation, which causes graded NiO content along anode thickness, has been confirmed to be a key reason for Ni-based cell cracking during redox progress. In this paper, an analytical model is developed to estimate the impact of inhomogeneous re-oxidation on Ni-based solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) oxidation resistance. And experiments, in which the SOFC was partially re-oxidized, were implemented for model trial. Model results show that electrolyte internal stress can be significantly reduced (from 367 MPa to 135 MPa, when the oxidation degree is 60%), and the electrolyte can rem

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3

Liu, Wei Feng, and Shao An Cheng. "Performance Improvement of MFCs by Treatment of Carbon Cloth Anode with Ultrasonic or Spent Anolyte." Advanced Materials Research 815 (October 2013): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.815.409.

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In order to improve the power generation of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), carbon cloth anode was treated with ultrasonic or spent anolyte in this work. The maximum power density of a single-chamber air-cathode MFC was improved from 611.5 mW/m2 to 754.3 mW/m2 and 811.7 mW/m2, and the reactor start-up time was shortened by 7.3% and 22.7% respectively after treatments of the anode with ultrasonic and spent anolyte. Polarization tests reveal that the treated anodes have a smaller electrode polarization at high current densities than the control. MFCs with the treated anodes exhibited lower internal

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4

Zheng, Yun, Xiaojuan Wan, Xin Cheng, Kun Cheng, Zhengfei Dai, and Zhihong Liu. "Advanced Catalytic Materials for Ethanol Oxidation in Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells." Catalysts 10, no. 2 (2020): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10020166.

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Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) have emerged as promising and advanced power systems that can considerably reduce fossil fuel dependence, and thus have attracted worldwide attention. DEFCs have many apparent merits over the analogous devices fed with hydrogen or methanol. As the key constituents, the catalysts for both cathodes and anodes usually face some problems (such as high cost, low conversion efficiency, and inferior durability) that hinder the commercialization of DEFCs. This review mainly focuses on the most recent advances in nanostructured catalysts for anode materials in DEFCS. F

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5

Ambauen, Muff, Mai, Hallé, Trinh, and Meyn. "Insights into the Kinetics of Intermediate Formation during Electrochemical Oxidation of the Organic Model Pollutant Salicylic Acid in Chloride Electrolyte." Water 11, no. 7 (2019): 1322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11071322.

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The present study investigated the kinetics and formation of hydroxylated and chlorinated intermediates during electrochemical oxidation of salicylic acid (SA). A chloride (NaCl) and sulfate (Na2SO4) electrolyte were used, along with two different anode materials, boron doped diamond (BDD) and platinum (Pt). Bulk electrolysis of SA confirmed the formation of both hydroxylated and chlorinated intermediates. In line with the density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed in this study, 2,5- and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3- and 5- chlorosalicylic acid and 3,5-dichlorosalicylic acid were

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6

Boudreau, Jordache, Dorin Bejan, and Nigel J. Bunce. "Competition between electrochemical advanced oxidation and electrochemical hypochlorination of acetaminophen at boron-doped diamond and ruthenium dioxide based anodes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 88, no. 5 (2010): 418–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v10-017.

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This work was undertaken to distinguish four pathways for the electrochemical oxidation of acetaminophen as a model organic substrate: (i) direct electron transfer from the substrate to the anode, (ii) reaction of the substrate with HO• at boron-doped diamond anodes, (iii) non-radical (two-electron) oxidation of the substrate at Ti/RuO2 anodes, and (iv) electrochemical hypochlorination if Cl– is present. Pathway (i) was isolated as a slow reaction when boron-doped diamond (BDD) was used as the anode in the range of water stability, whereas in the corresponding reaction with Ti/RuO2 only pathwa

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7

Yaqub, Asim, Mohamed Hasnain Isa, Huma Ajab, and Muhammad Junaid. "Preparation of Ti/TiO2 Anode for Electrochemical Oxidation of Toxic Priority Pollutants." Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 20, no. 1 (2017): 007–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v20i1.287.

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In present study, Ti/TiO2 anodes were prepared in laboratory for degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons considered as priority pollutants because of their carcinogenetic properties. PAHs were electrochemically oxidized under galvanostatic conditions using TiO2 coated Ti anode. A synthetic solution containing 16 priority PAHs were prepared in the lab. Surface morphology showed cracked mud structure of coated Ti/TiO2 surface. All the PAHs were efficiently oxidized and degraded from solution. About 96.87% of ƩPAHs were removed in five hours from the bulk

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8

Yang, L. X., R. G. Allen, K. Scott, P. Christensen, and S. Roy. "A New PtRu Anode Formed by Thermal Decomposition for the Direct Method Fuel Cell." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 2, no. 2 (2004): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1867975.

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New PtRu catalyst anodes for methanol oxidation were prepared by a thermal decomposition method on titanium mesh supports. The supports employed were: Single layer (titanium mesh), double layer (two layers of titanium mesh were spot-welded together), and triple layer (two layers of titanium mesh with carbon paper between were spot-welded together). The catalytic activity of such anodes for the oxidation of methanol was characterized using galvanostatic measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in combination with scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the PtRu cata

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9

El-Sherif, Shaimaa, Dorin Bejan, and Nigel J. Bunce. "Electrochemical oxidation of sulfide ion in synthetic sour brines using periodic polarity reversal at Ebonex® electrodes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 88, no. 9 (2010): 928–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v10-081.

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The Magneli phase Ti4O7 (Ebonex®) was used as both anode and cathode in the electrochemical oxidation of sulfide ion in alkaline solution in the absence and presence of chloride and naphthenate ions. Ebonex anodes gradually lost their activity through the formation of an over-oxidized surface layer, but their activity could be maintained by periodic polarity reversal. In the context of the current paradigm for the mechanistic behaviour of oxide-based anodes, Ti4O7 has properties that combine those of “inactive” anodes (formation of hydroxyl radicals) and “active” anodes (formation of a higher

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10

Zhang, Tian, Timothy S. Bain, Melissa A. Barlett, et al. "Sulfur oxidation to sulfate coupled with electron transfer to electrodes by Desulfuromonas strain TZ1." Microbiology 160, no. 1 (2014): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.069930-0.

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Microbial oxidation of elemental sulfur with an electrode serving as the electron acceptor is of interest because this may play an important role in the recovery of electrons from sulfidic wastes and for current production in marine benthic microbial fuel cells. Enrichments initiated with a marine sediment inoculum, with elemental sulfur as the electron donor and a positively poised (+300 mV versus Ag/AgCl) anode as the electron acceptor, yielded an anode biofilm with a diversity of micro-organisms, including Thiobacillus, Sulfurimonas, Pseudomonas, Clostridium and Desulfuromonas species. Furt

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11

Cao, Xiao Zhou, Zhu Xian Qiu, Zhong Ning Shi, Xian Wei Hu, Yun Gang Ban, and Zhao Wen Wang. "Anti-Oxidation and Anti-Corrosion Properties of Al-Si Metal Anodes." Materials Science Forum 546-549 (May 2007): 1149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.1149.

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Al-Si metal anode was fabricated by cold-press sintering with Al and Si as embedded powder in argon atmosphere. The anti-oxidation in the air and anti-corrosion in molten cryolite properties of Al-Si metal anode at high temperature were examined. The experimental results showed that the oxidation kinetics curve obeyed the parabolic law. The corrosion behavior Al-Si metal anode was studied in electrolysis test. The electrolyte consisted of Na3AlF6(90 wt%),CaF2(5 wt%) and Al2O3(5 wt%) which corresponded to molecular ratio of 2.4. The results indicated that the cell voltage was stable and the ele

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12

Haarberg, Geir Martin, Babak Khalaghi, and Tommy Mokkelbost. "Natural gas anodes for aluminium electrolysis in molten fluorides." Faraday Discussions 190 (2016): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5fd00239g.

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Industrial primary production of aluminium has been developed and improved over more than 100 years. The molten salt electrolysis process is still suffering from low energy efficiency and considerable emissions of greenhouse gases (CO<sub>2</sub> and PFC). A new concept has been suggested where methane is supplied through the anode so that the CO<sub>2</sub> emissions may be reduced significantly, the PFC emissions may be eliminated and the energy consumption may decrease significantly. Porous carbon anodes made from different graphite grades were studied in controlled laboratory experiments.

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13

Ma, Xiangjuan, Yang Gao, and Hanping Huang. "Treatment of papermaking tobacco sheet wastewater by electrocoagulation combined with electrochemical oxidation." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 8 (2015): 1165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.057.

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Attempts were made in this study to examine the efficiency of electrocoagulation (EC) using aluminum (Al) anode and stainless steel net cathode combined with electrochemical oxidation with a β-PbO2 anode or a mixed metal oxide (MMO) anode for treatment of papermaking tobacco sheet wastewater, which has the characteristics of high content of suspended solids (SS), intensive color, and low biodegradability. The wastewater was first subjected to the EC process under 40 mA/cm2 of current density, 2.5 g/L of NaCl, and maintaining the original pH of wastewater. After 6 minutes of EC process, the eff

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14

Wang, Zhi Ping, and Feng Yuan. "Wear Properties of Anode Oxidation Coating in the Surface of ZL101 Aluminium Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 393-395 (November 2011): 499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.499.

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The oxidation film was prepared by anode oxidation method on ZL101 aluminium surface, its morphologies, compositions and phases were characterized with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), optical profiler, EDS (Energy Disperse Spectroscopy), respectively, its friction coefficient and abrasion performance were analyzed by wear test, and its wear mechanism was discussed. The results show that the thickness of anode oxidation layer is about 35-40m, under dry friction condition, sliding friction coefficient is 0.65-0.72, the wear forms are abrasive attrition and adhesion wear, the low friction pa

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15

Lee, Sumin, and Daewon Pak. "Electrochemical Treatment of High Concentration Ammonia using RuO2/Ti Anode and TiO2 Nanotube Cathode." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 42, no. 7 (2020): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2020.42.7.339.

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Objectives:In this study, the treatment potential of ammonia in wastewater generated by S company odor removal process was tested by using electrochemical reactor with RuO2/Ti anode and TiO2 nanotube cathode. The effect of chlorine ion concentration and current density on ammonia oxidation were investigated by comparing the treatment efficiencies.Methods:380 mL of wastewater was electrolyzed for 3 h using 4 anodes and 5 cathodes and pH, NH3-N, NO3--N, and TN were measured and analyzed every 30 minutes.Results and Discussion:As the addition of chlorine ion increases, about 1,700 mg/L of ammonia

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16

LEE, YONG K., and TAEHO JUNG. "EFFECT OF EXCESS NEGATIVE IONS ON ANODIC OXIDATION IN MICROARC OXIDATION OF TITANIUM." Modern Physics Letters B 23, no. 06 (2009): 849–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984909019107.

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The effects of the electrical bias conditions on oxide film during titanium MAO (microarc oxidation) were investigated. Since DC voltage showed very low stabilized currents but produced oxide films with poor quality, the magnitude of applied voltages, duty cycles, and frequencies were modulated to control the quality of the oxide film. Pulsed voltage showed increased stabilized currents but produced better oxide films. The change in the stabilized currents was attributed to the change of the resistances of the film and local electrolyte adjacent to the anode. Analysis of the film thickness and

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17

Bagastyo, Arseto Yekti, Arum Sofiana Hidayati, Welly Herumurti, and Ervin Nurhayati. "Application of boron-doped diamond, Ti/IrO2, and Ti/Pt anodes for the electrochemical oxidation of landfill leachate biologically pretreated by moving bed biofilm reactor." Water Science and Technology 83, no. 6 (2021): 1357–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.060.

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Abstract Conventional biological treatments used in most Indonesian landfill sites are mostly ineffective in treating stabilized landfill leachates to meet the standard regulation. Thus, a combination of biological and electrochemical process is offered to successfully treat leachates containing a high concentration of organic and nitrogenous compounds. In this study, a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was applied prior to electrochemical oxidation by using boron-doped diamond (BDD), Ti/IrO2, and Ti/Pt anodes with applied current of 350, 400 and 450 mA. The objectives were to investigate the

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18

Li, Zhi Yang, Yi Pei, Qing Qing Chen, Jian Ji, Hon Jun Ni, and Xing Xing Wang. "Study on a New Anodic Oxidation Protective Coating of Alumina." Advanced Materials Research 1004-1005 (August 2014): 729–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1004-1005.729.

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By studying the performance of carbon anode oxidation protective coating, which main component is alumina, adjusted coating formulations, determined the optimum coating formulation under certain conditions. Heating texting method was adopted to test sample performance, study showed that the new oxidation protective coating on the surface of the carbon anode can be uniform and dense.

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19

Bensalah, Nasr, Sondos Dbira, Ahmed Bedoui, and Mohammad I. Ahmad. "Electrolytic Oxidation as a Sustainable Method to Transform Urine into Nutrients." Processes 8, no. 4 (2020): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8040460.

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In this work, the transformation of urine into nutrients using electrolytic oxidation in a single-compartment electrochemical cell in galvanostatic mode was investigated. The electrolytic oxidation was performed using thin film anode materials: boron-doped diamond (BDD) and dimensionally stable anodes (DSA). The transformation of urine into nutrients was confirmed by the release of nitrate (NO3−) and ammonium (NH4+) ions during electrolytic treatment of synthetic urine aqueous solutions. The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) during electrolytic treatment co

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20

Yu, Xiao Hua, Gui Sheng Zeng, Gang Xie, and Rong Xing Li. "Preparation and Oxidation Resistance of the Borate Glass Coating on Graphite Anode." Key Engineering Materials 434-435 (March 2010): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.434-435.469.

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The protection coating, which was used on graphite anode, was developed. The materials were SiO2, B2O3 and soluble glass as binder. The micrographic pattern, the phase composition and the components of borate glass coating were analyzed. The results indicated that the coating was morphology of borate glass at 700~850°C, the components were SiO2, and B2O3 from XRD analysis, the coating could permeate into the pores of the graphite anode and seal the cracks developed by the coating, and it was adhesive strongly to the graphite anode from SEM analysis. The effects of the temperature and time on o

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21

GilPavas, Edison, Paula Arbeláez, José David Medina, Izabela Dobrosz-Gómez, and Miguel Ángel Gómez-García. "The electrochemical elimination of coliforms from water using BBD/Ti or graphite anodes: a comparative study." Water Supply 18, no. 2 (2017): 408–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2017.147.

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Abstract The elimination of total and fecal coliforms, from raw surface water, was carried out by electrochemical oxidation using either boron doped diamond (BDD/Ti) or graphite (GP) anodes, in a chloride-free medium. The optimal values of the operation parameters, maximizing the coliform elimination percentage, were determined using statistical experimental design. The current density (j: 2–20 mA/cm2), the conductivity (σ: 500–900 μS/cm) and the anode materials (An) were considered as variables to perform the Box-Behnken experimental design together with the response surface methodology analy

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Patel, Nripendra, Sean Bishop, Robert Utter, Diganta Das, and Michael Pecht. "Failure Modes, Mechanisms, Effects, and Criticality Analysis of Ceramic Anodes of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Electronics 7, no. 11 (2018): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7110323.

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Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a highly efficient chemical to electrical energy conversion devices that have potential in a global energy strategy. The wide adoption of SOFCs is currently limited by cost and concerns about cell durability. Improved understanding of their degradation modes and mechanisms combined with reduction–oxidation stable anodes via all-ceramic-anode cell technology are expected to lead to durability improvements, while economies of scale for production will mitigate cost of commercialization. This paper presents an Ishikawa analysis and a failure modes, mechanisms, e

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23

Tien, Wei Hsin, Shuang Shii Lian, Chia Ying Li, Wei Ja Shong, and Ruey Yi Lee. "A New Method of Fabricating the Anode Powder for the Application of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Advanced Materials Research 51 (June 2008): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.51.79.

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This paper presents the development of anode substrates of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), prepared by rotating electrode powder-making equipment to improve the efficiency of cells and the coking issue that appears in traditional Ni-YSZ composite anodes when operated with hydrocarbon fuel. Combining the advantage of good electronic conductivity, leading less carbon residue of copper and high temperature oxidation resistance of Cr or Ni, the anode substrate is designed with Cu-Ni and Cu-Cr alloys so that the cells are able to work within the service temperature of 800-1000 C. To optimize the pr

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Massaglia, Giulia, Francesca Frascella, Alessandro Chiadò, et al. "Electrospun Nanofibers: from Food to Energy by Engineered Electrodes in Microbial Fuel Cells." Nanomaterials 10, no. 3 (2020): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10030523.

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Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are bio-electrochemical devices able to directly transduce chemical energy, entrapped in an organic mass named fuel, into electrical energy through the metabolic activity of specific bacteria. During the last years, the employment of bio-electrochemical devices to study the wastewater derived from the food industry has attracted great interest from the scientific community. In the present work, we demonstrate the capability of exoelectrogenic bacteria used in MFCs to catalyze the oxidation reaction of honey, employed as a fuel. With the main aim to increase the prol

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Qing-Wu, LI, WEI Zi-Dong, CHEN Si-Guo, et al. "PtSnCo/C Anode Catalyst for Methanol Oxidation." Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica 27, no. 12 (2011): 2857–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3866/pku.whxb20112857.

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26

Panizza, Marco. "Anodic oxidation of benzoquinone using diamond anode." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 21, no. 14 (2014): 8451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-2782-2.

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Wei, C. B., X. B. Tian, S. Q. Yang, X. B. Wang, Ricky K. Y. Fu, and Paul K. Chu. "Anode current effects in plasma electrolytic oxidation." Surface and Coatings Technology 201, no. 9-11 (2007): 5021–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.07.103.

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28

Zelinsky, A. G. "Features of Sulfite Oxidation on Gold Anode." Electrochimica Acta 188 (January 2016): 727–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.12.064.

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Jayathilaka, Pavithra Bhakthi, Gayani Chathurika Pathiraja, Athula Bandara, Nalaka Deepal Subasinghe, and Nadeeshani Nanayakkara. "An electrochemical mechanisms study on steel/IrO2–Sb2O3 electrodes for oxidation of phenol in water." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 93, no. 5 (2015): 536–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2014-0304.

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Phenol, a known water pollutant, was electrochemically oxidized on a steel/IrO2–Sb2O3 novel anode. Since the oxidation mechanisms vary based on the anode material, a mechanisms study of electrooxidation of phenol on it was conducted. The phenol oxidation was carried out at 20 mA/cm2 constant current density with a pH 11.00 Na2SO4 medium at room temperature. During 6 h of electrolysis, samples were tested for chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of the anode. The steel/IrO2–Sb2O3anode showed 76.3% chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency. Both 4-nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline and the HCO3–/C

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Chis, M., M. O. Cojocaru, D. Cojocaru, and R. A. Palmer. "Hardness of oxide films formed as a result of aluminium anode oxidation processes." Journal of Applied Crystallography 33, no. 6 (2000): 1360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889800011870.

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Factors that influence the anode oxidation processes of aluminium and its alloys are discussed. The main parameters involved in such processes have been selected and subjected to measurement under controlled experimental conditions. The effects of the variation of the chemical, electrical and thermal parameters of the aluminium anode oxidation process on the hardness level of the resulting oxide layer have been studied. In order to quantify the relationships that govern the kinetics of the anode oxidation process, these data were subjected to analysis employing a central compositional rotatory

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Ivashutenko, A. S., I. V. Ionov, A. S. Maznoy, A. A. Sivkov, and A. A. Solovyev. "Comparative Evaluation of Spark Plasma and Conventional Sintering of NiO/YSZ Layers for Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." High Temperature Materials and Processes 37, no. 4 (2018): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2016-0193.

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AbstractNiO/YSZ anode layers for metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFCs) were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS). SPS parameters were optimized in order to achive anodes of the desired microstructure. The effect of sintering conditions on microstructure of NiO/YSZ was studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Also NiO/YSZ layers were formed on porous metal supports by a screen-printing method and sintered in inert atmosphere and vacuum by conventional sintering technique. At temperatures above 1,200 °С in inert atmosphere and vacuum nickel oxide dissoc

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Zhang, Li Peng, Xian Jin Yu, Zhi Wei Ge, Yun Hui Dong, Dang Gang Li, and Ya Li Zhang. "Research on Properties of SiC Coating Inert Anode for Aluminum Electrolysis." Materials Science Forum 686 (June 2011): 623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.686.623.

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The carbon composite materials with silicon carbide coating were prepared for aluminum electrolysis as inert anode. The oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity are researched respectively. The results showed that the inert anode had high anti-oxidation, corrosion resistance and high conductivity. The oxidation kinetics curve of the material obeys typical line-logarithmic law. The corrosion occurs mainly before 25 hours. The electric conductivity was stable and good, had the electric conductivity property of the semiconductor. The conductivity increased with tempe

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Randle, TH, and AT Kuhn. "The Lead Dioxide Anode. I. A Kinetic Study of the Electrolytic Oxidation of Cerium(III) and Manganese(II) in Sulfuric Acid at the Lead Dioxide Electrode." Australian Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 2 (1989): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9890229.

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The electrolytic oxidation reactions of cerium(III) and manganeseII) in sulfuric acid have been used as probes to investigate the mechanism of the lead dioxide anode. The kinetics observed for such reactions at the lead dioxide surface provide no direct support for the proposal that the lead dioxide anode functions by a sequential 'two-step' mechanism (heterogeneous chemical oxidation of solution species followed by electrochemical oxidation of the reduced lead dioxide surface); rather the kinetics show characteristics similar to those observed previously for the oxidation of cerium(III) and m

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Storozhev, Yu I., P. V. Polyakov, Ar A. Dekterev та Ya V. Kazantsev. "To the Question of Cleaning Anodic Gases of the Cell with the Soderberg`s Anodе". Ecology and Industry of Russia 23, № 11 (2019): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2019-11-15-19.

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The emerging environmental problems of the cells with the Soderberg`s anode, associated with the lack of a vacuum alignment system in the subcaseous gas outlet network and an effective technological device for high-temperature oxidation of anode gases are considered. In order to increase the efficiency of high-temperature oxidation of harmful components of the anode gas, a compact burner with internal thermal insulation has been proposed, which is installed on the longitudinal side of the anode, which makes it possible to reduce CO emissions by 1.5 times. Considering the insufficient efficienc

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Ding, Jing, Qing-Liang Zhao, Liang-Liang Wei, Yang Chen, and Xin Shu. "Ammonium nitrogen removal from wastewater with a three-dimensional electrochemical oxidation system." Water Science and Technology 68, no. 3 (2013): 552–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.262.

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Ammonium-containing wastewater could cause the promotion of eutrophication and a hindrance to the disinfection of water supplies. In this study, the feasibility of removing low-concentration ammonium nitrogen from synthetic and real wastewater by electrochemical oxidation was investigated. Using laboratory-scale electrochemical systems, the effects of chloride concentration, current density, anode materials, cathode materials, electrode gap, initial ammonium concentration and three-dimensional particles on the removal of ammonium nitrogen and current efficiency (CE) were evaluated. Ammonium ni

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Li, Jian Zhong, Bo Wang, Xiu Li Sun, Yan Wen Tian, and Yue Zhao. "Study on Functions of Chrome and Fluoride Ions in Plating Process of Tin Free Steel by Means of Cyclic Voltammetry." Materials Science Forum 773-774 (November 2013): 557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.773-774.557.

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Plating solution of tin free steel (TFS) presents strong corrosion and special chemical action properties of chrome ions and fluoride ions. Electrochemistry behavior of their ions in the plating process of TFS was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results show that hydrogen and oxygen evolution peaks can only be found in CV curves of the carbon anode in fluoride solution. CV curves of the carbon anode in chromium trioxide solution consist of five anodic peaks and two cathodic peaks. When fluoride ions are added into chrome ions solution, anodic peak disappears at peak poten

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Misra, Rohit, Nageswara Nao Neti, Dionysios D. Dionysiou, Mahendra Tandekar, and Gajanan S. Kanade. "Novel integrated carbon particle based three dimensional anodes for the electrochemical degradation of reactive dyes." RSC Advances 5, no. 14 (2015): 10799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra13550d.

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Granular activated carbon (GAC) particles can be shaped into an integrated 3D-anode using PVDF binder and electro oxidation of reactive dyes in a three-dimensional flow-through carbon anode reactor (TDFCR) delivers a clean effluent free from carbon dust.

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Boonpong, Rabat, Attera Worayingyong, Marisa Arunchaiya, and Atchana Wongchaisuwat. "Effect of LaCoO₃ Additive on the Electrochemical Behavior of Zinc Anode in Alkaline Solution." Materials Science Forum 663-665 (November 2010): 596–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.596.

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The utilization of zinc anode for zinc-based battery is limited due to low cycling life, shape change and ZnO passivation on the electrode surface. The electrochemical behavior of zinc anode in the presence of the additives added to the electrodes or the electrolytes have been reported. In this work, LaCoO3 was used as an additive to improve the electrochemical properties of the zinc oxide anode. LaCoO3 synthesized by sol gel method (Schiff base complex) was added to zinc oxide powder (99.9%) with the weight ratio of 1:0.001, 1:0.002 and 1:0.003. The relative ZnO/LaCoO3 ratios were confirmed b

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Rumky, Jannatul, Walter Z. Tang, and Mika Sillanpää. "Statistical Analysis of Anode Efficiency in Electrochemical Treatment of Wastewater and Sludge." Environmental Processes 7, no. 4 (2020): 1041–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40710-020-00457-0.

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Abstract Electrochemical processes have proven their potential as effective technologies to treat wastewater from industrial, urban and agricultural activities, and thus, contribute towards a cleaner environment. In this study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of the leading electrochemical technologies, such as electro-oxidation, electrochemical coagulation and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs), statistically for different types of anodes for the removal of various pollutants from wastewater along with their treatment efficiency. Anode is considered as a source of elect

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Keech, Peter G., Michelle M. G. Chartrand, and Nigel J. Bunce. "Oxidation of simple indoles at a platinum anode." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 534, no. 1 (2002): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0728(02)01143-9.

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Wesselmark, M., C. Lagergren, and G. Lindbergh. "Methanol Oxidation as Anode Reaction in Zinc Electrowinning." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 152, no. 11 (2005): D201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2039567.

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Cifuentes, L., and R. Glasner. "Kinetics of the electrolytic Fe⁺²/Fe⁺³ oxidation on various anode materials." Revista de Metalurgia 39, no. 4 (2003): 260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.2003.v39.i4.337.

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Liu, Yanbiao, Jianping Xie, Choon Nam Ong, Chad D. Vecitis, and Zhi Zhou. "Electrochemical wastewater treatment with carbon nanotube filters coupled with in situ generated H2O2." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 1, no. 6 (2015): 769–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ew00128e.

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An effective and novel wastewater treatment system was developed by combining oxidation & adsorption at the CNT anode and additional oxidation with in situ generated H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> at the CNT cathode.

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Petrovic, Milica, Jelena Mitrovic, Miljana Radovic, et al. "Synthesis of bismuth (III) oxide films based anodes for electrochemical degradation of reactive blue 19 and crystal violet." Chemical Industry 68, no. 5 (2014): 585–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind121001084p.

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The Bi2O3 films-based anodes were synthesized by electrodeposition of Bi on stainless steel substrate at constant current density and during different deposition times, fallowed by calcination, forming Bi2O3. The thickness of the films was determined by two methods: the observation under the microscope and by calculation from mass difference. Electrochemical proceses at the anodes were ivestigated by linear sweep voltammetry. At the anodes obtained within 2, 5, 10 and 15 minutes of deposition, two dyes, namely: Reactive Blue 19 and Crystal Violet, were decolorized by oxidation with ?OH radical

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Pant, Deepak, Gilbert Van Bogaert, Christof Porto-Carrero, Ludo Diels, and Karolien Vanbroekhoven. "Anode and cathode materials characterization for a microbial fuel cell in half cell configuration." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 10 (2011): 2457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.217.

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Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are novel bioelectrochemical devices for spontaneous conversion of biomass into electricity through the metabolic activity of the bacteria. Microbial production of electricity may become an important source of bioenergy in future because MFCs offer the possibility of extracting electric current from a wide range of soluble or dissolved complex organic wastes and renewable biomass. However, the materials used in these devices are still not economic and researchers use different materials as cathode and anode in MFCs. This results in variable performance which is diff

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Snider, Rachel M., Sarah M. Strycharz-Glaven, Stanislav D. Tsoi, Jeffrey S. Erickson, and Leonard M. Tender. "Long-range electron transport in Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilms is redox gradient-driven." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109, no. 38 (2012): 15467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1209829109.

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Geobacter spp. can acquire energy by coupling intracellular oxidation of organic matter with extracellular electron transfer to an anode (an electrode poised at a metabolically oxidizing potential), forming a biofilm extending many cell lengths away from the anode surface. It has been proposed that long-range electron transport in such biofilms occurs through a network of bound redox cofactors, thought to involve extracellular matrix c-type cytochromes, as occurs for polymers containing discrete redox moieties. Here, we report measurements of electron transport in actively respiring Geobacter

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Szewczenko, Janusz, Marcin Basiaga, Marta Kiel-Jamrozik, Marcin Kaczmarek, and Magdalena Grygiel. "Corrosion Resistance of Ti6Al7Nb Alloy after Various Surface Modifications." Solid State Phenomena 227 (January 2015): 483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.227.483.

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The influence of surface pretreatment prior to the anode oxidation of Ti6Al7Nb alloy samples on corrosion resistance was presented in the work. The preliminary surface treatments were: grinding, vibration machining, sandblasting and electrochemical polishing. Anodic oxidation process was carried out at different voltages. The final procedure of the surface modification was steam sterilization. The scope of the work included: corrosion resistance study (pitting and crevice) of both non-sterilized and sterilized samples, and samples after 28 days exposure to the Ringer’s solution, concentration

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Liu, Jun Feng, Bai Yan Cui, and Yu Jie Feng. "Electrochemical Degradation Pathway of Phenol on Ti/SnO₂ Anode." Advanced Materials Research 455-456 (January 2012): 507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.507.

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The electrochemical degradation pathway of phenol, as model organic pollutant, was investigated on antimony doped tin dioxide electrode based on titanium anode (Ti/SnO2). Many intermediates of electrochemical degradation of phenol on Ti/SnO2 were identified and quantified by HPLC. These intermediates were assured as aromatic ring-compounds (hydroquinone, catechol, benzoquinone, et al) and short chain fatty acids (maleic acid, fumaric acid, formic acid, cis muconic acid and 2-oxoglutaric acid, et al). Electrochemical degradation tests were conducted with some intermediates as substrates, includ

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Qin, Dong-Dong, Yun-Lei Li, Ting Wang, et al. "Sn-doped hematite films as photoanodes for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 13 (2015): 6751–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta06872f.

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Randle, TH, and AT Kuhn. "The Lead Dioxide Anode. II. The Kinetics and Participation of the Lead Dioxide Electrode in Electrochemical Oxidation Reactions in Sulfuric Acid." Australian Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 9 (1989): 1527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9891527.

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Lead dioxide is a strong oxidizer in sulfuric acid, consequently electrochemical oxidation of solution species at a lead dioxide anode may occur by a two-step, C-E process (chemical oxidation of solution species by PbO2 followed by electrochemical regeneration of the reduced lead dioxide surface). The maximum rate of each step has been determined in sulfuric acid for specified lead dioxide surfaces and compared with the rates observed for the electrochemical oxidation of cerium(III) and manganese(II) on the same electrode surfaces. While the rate of electrochemical oxidation of a partially red

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