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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Anode SOFC

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Academic literature on the topic 'Anode SOFC'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Anode SOFC"

1

Luo, Dan, Guan Qing Wang, Xue Feng Huang, and Jiang Rong Xu. "The Influence of the NiO Content on the Microstructure and Property of IT-SOFC Anodes." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 3330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.3330.

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Intermediate temperature SOFC anode/electrolyte plates are made by pechini methods. The structural property of GDC anodes in IT-SOFC was studied. The effect of the synthesizing technology, of the original powder used and that of the sintering temperature, as well as other factors, on crystallization and catalytic activation of anodes have been studied. Results indicate that shrinkage of sintered anode supports with 35％NiO contents lower than that of 50％NiO contents. The effect of porosity of sintered anodes with different NiO contents as a function of sintering temperature was investigated as well. The good sintering kinetics of the GDC anode ceramics were obtained based on the NiO contents control.

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Song, Changhee, Sanghoon Lee, Bonhyun Gu, Ikwhang Chang, Gu Young Cho, Jong Dae Baek, and Suk Won Cha. "A Study of Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Modeling and Optimization Using Neural Network and Multi-Armed Bandit Algorithm." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 2, 2020): 1621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071621.

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Anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) model based on artificial neural network (ANN) and optimized design variables were modeled. The input parameters of the anode-supported SOFC model developed in this study are as follows: current density, temperature, electrolyte thickness, anode thickness, anode porosity, and cathode thickness. Voltage was estimated from the SOFC model with the input parameters. Numerical results show that the SOFC model constructed in this study can represent the actual SOFC characteristics very well. There are four design parameters to be optimized: electrolyte, anode, cathode thickness, and anode porosity. To derive the optimal combination of the design parameters, we have used a multi-armed bandit algorithm (MAB), and developed a methodology for deriving near-optimal parameter set without searching for all possible parameter sets.

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Rahman, I. Z., M. A. Raza, and M. A. Rahman. "Perovskite Based Anode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Application: A Review." Advanced Materials Research 445 (January 2012): 497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.445.497.

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Perovskites have gained attraction as electrode and interconnect materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) due to their catalytic, ionic and electrical conductivities, chemical and thermal stabilities at higher temperatures. The operation and efficiency of SOFC depends mainly on the electrodes. Each electrode, anode and cathode, has demanding materials selection criteria. State of the art nickel-yittria stabilized zirconia cermet anodes are unable to work efficiently with hydrocarbon fuels and at intermediate operating temperature range (600-800°C). Hence, there is an increasing demand for the development of alternate anode materials to improve the fuel flexibility and efficiency of SOFCs. Perovskite based materials have oxygen ion vacancies depending on composition, temperature, and surrounding crystalline environment that impart mixed ionic and electronic conductivities to them. Since perovskite can accommodate all the elements in the periodic table they can offer excellent catalytic properties. The report is about the present status of perovskites based anode materials for SOFC application.

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You, Hong Xin, Ya Jun Guan, Bin Qu, Shuang Zhang, Guo Qing Guan, and Abuliti Abudula. "Research on SOFC of Composite Anode Material SrMoO₃-YSZ Impregnated with Gd_0.2Ce_0.8O_1.9 by Hard Template Method." Advanced Materials Research 1091 (February 2015): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1091.39.

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Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anodes made by SrMoO3 substituting for Ni of SOFC. Porous SrMoO3 and YSZ (8mol%Y2O3-ZrO2) were synthesized with activated carbon hard template by liquid phase method, and nanoparticles Gd0.2Ce0.8O1.9 (GDC) impregnated porous SrMoO3-YSZ with liquid phase immerse method, thus SOFC composite anode material was synthesized. SrMoO3-YSZ that impregnated with GDC by hard template method was treated as the anode, YSZ as the electrolyte while LSM (La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-d) as the cathode, so that the solid oxide fuel cell could be assembled. At 800°C, the highest power densities of cells with the anode of SrMoO3-YSZ impregnated by GDC and the cell anode of SrMoO3-YSZ were 190.44mW•cm-2 and 98.06 mW•cm-2 respectively as methane was the fuels.

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Primdahl, S. "Thin Anode Supported SOFC." ECS Proceedings Volumes 1999-19, no. 1 (January 1999): 793–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/199919.0793pv.

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Montinaro, Dario, Massimo Bertoldi, and Vincenzo M. Sglavo. "Synthesis and Processing of Perovskite Oxides for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Anode Fabrication." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 1864–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.1864.

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In the present work materials alternative to Ni/YSZ cermets anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) have been studied in order to overcome the problems related to catalytic deposition of carbon and the limited tolerance to sulphur. Anodes consisting of (La0.75Sr0.25)(Cr0.5Mn0.5)O3-δ (LSCM25) have been investigated with regard to synthesis and processing related problems. Single phase LSCM25 perovskites were synthesized by urea/nitrates gel combustion method and the as prepared powders were used to produce green tapes by tape casting processing. Thick LSCM25 substrates, suitable as anodes in anode supported SOFC fabrication, were successfully obtained by sintering of green LSCM25 laminates.

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Sinha, Amit, David N. Miller, and John T. S. Irvine. "Development of novel anode material for intermediate temperature SOFC (IT-SOFC)." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 28 (2016): 11117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta03404g.

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A novel rare-earth free anode material based on titanium oxycarbide (TiO_xC_1−x) is developed for application in intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFC). Utilizing the new anode material, a peak power density of 130 mW cm⁻² is achieved in gadolina-doped ceria electrolyte supported SOFC at an operating temperature of 700 °C.

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Bozorgmehri, Shahriar, Mohsen Hamedi, and Alireza Babaei. "Modeling of Nanostructured Palladium Anode in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Advanced Materials Research 829 (November 2013): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.829.195.

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In this paper, a mode of nanostructured Pd anode of SOFCs is presented to calculate the effects of nanoparticles on the SOFCs' electrodes performance. Nanostructured electrodes of the SOFCs prepared by wet impregnation have attracted increasing attention as the most effective way to make highly active and advanced structures in the electrodes. The effects of infiltrated Pd-nanoparticles on the performance of Nickel/ Gadolinium doped Ceria (Ni/GDC) anode of SOFC are investigated. It is observed that a small amount of Pd catalyst has a significant decreasing effect on overpotential of anodes. One-dimensional analysis is carried out using a simplified geometry to calculate the effective polarization resistance by assuming the ionic conductor phase (GDC) as columns and the Pd phase mounted on these columns. The results of modeling are presented and compared with the experimental data as a function of temperature.

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Fukunaga, Hiroshi, Akinori Fueoka, Toru Takatsuka, and Koichi Yamada. "La0.85Sr0.15Cr0.9Ni0.05Pd0.05O3 Perovskite Anode for SOFC." JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 42, Supplement. (2009): s255—s259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.08we167.

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Basu, Rajendra, J. Mukhopadhyay, M. Banerjee, A. Das Sharma, and H. S. Maiti. "Development of Functional SOFC Anode." ECS Transactions 7, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 1563–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2729263.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Anode SOFC"

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Rismanchian, Azadeh. "Copper Nickel Anode for Methane SOFC." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1312299949.

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Stübner, Ralph. "Untersuchungen zu den Eigenschaften der Anode der Festoxid-Brennstoffzelle (SOFC)." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1025078611046-09161.

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This thesis investigates the electrical and electrochemical properties and the long-term stability of anodes of the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). A model is suggested, which describes the impedance spectra of symmetrical anode cells. According to this, the series resistance in the spectra is caused by the resistance of the electrolyte (YSZ), ohmic parts of the anodes, which are described as porous electrodes, and by the partial contacting of the anodes. A major contribution to it is provided by the nickel matrix in the anodes. The high frequency relaxation in the spectra is assigned to the transfer reaction, the low frequency to a gas diffusion inhibition along the gas supply channels. The degradation of the symmetrical anode cells, which has been observed in long-term experiments, is ascribed to a degradation of the electrolyte material, of the transfer reaction, of the nickel matrix in the anodes and of the contact resistance between the anodes and the current collecting nickel grids. The degradation rate of the last two depends on the gas composition. A model for the observed behaviour in time is presented
Diese Arbeit untersucht die elektrischen und elektrochemischen Eigenschaften und die Langzeitbeständigkeit der Anoden von Festoxid-Brennstoffzellen (SOFC). Ein Modell wird vorgestellt, mit dem die Impedanzspektren symmetrischer Anodenzellen beschrieben werden können. Demnach ist der Serienwiderstand in den Spektren verursacht durch den Widerstand des Elektrolyten (YSZ), ohmsche Anteile in den Anoden, die als poröse Elektroden beschrieben werden, und durch die partielle Kontaktierung der Anoden. Maßgebliche Beiträge liefert hier die Nickelmatrix in den Anoden. Die hochfrequente Relaxation in den Spektren wird der Durchtrittsreaktion, die niederfrequente einer Gasdiffusionshemmung entlang der Gasversorgungskanäle zugeordnet. Die in Langzeitversuchen beobachtete Degradation der symmetrischen Anondenzellen wird zurückgeführt auf eine Degradation des Elektrolytmaterials, der Durchtrittsreaktion, der Nickelmatrix in den Anoden und des Kontaktwiderstandes zwischen den Anoden und den stromabnehmenden Nickelnetzen. Die Degradation der beiden letzteren ist in ihrer Rate abhängig von der Gaszusammensetzung. Ein Modell für das beobachtete zeitliche Verhalten wird vorgestellt

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Stübner, Ralph. "Untersuchungen zu den Eigenschaften der Anode der Festoxid-Brennstoffzelle (SOFC)." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2001. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24154.

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This thesis investigates the electrical and electrochemical properties and the long-term stability of anodes of the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). A model is suggested, which describes the impedance spectra of symmetrical anode cells. According to this, the series resistance in the spectra is caused by the resistance of the electrolyte (YSZ), ohmic parts of the anodes, which are described as porous electrodes, and by the partial contacting of the anodes. A major contribution to it is provided by the nickel matrix in the anodes. The high frequency relaxation in the spectra is assigned to the transfer reaction, the low frequency to a gas diffusion inhibition along the gas supply channels. The degradation of the symmetrical anode cells, which has been observed in long-term experiments, is ascribed to a degradation of the electrolyte material, of the transfer reaction, of the nickel matrix in the anodes and of the contact resistance between the anodes and the current collecting nickel grids. The degradation rate of the last two depends on the gas composition. A model for the observed behaviour in time is presented.
Diese Arbeit untersucht die elektrischen und elektrochemischen Eigenschaften und die Langzeitbeständigkeit der Anoden von Festoxid-Brennstoffzellen (SOFC). Ein Modell wird vorgestellt, mit dem die Impedanzspektren symmetrischer Anodenzellen beschrieben werden können. Demnach ist der Serienwiderstand in den Spektren verursacht durch den Widerstand des Elektrolyten (YSZ), ohmsche Anteile in den Anoden, die als poröse Elektroden beschrieben werden, und durch die partielle Kontaktierung der Anoden. Maßgebliche Beiträge liefert hier die Nickelmatrix in den Anoden. Die hochfrequente Relaxation in den Spektren wird der Durchtrittsreaktion, die niederfrequente einer Gasdiffusionshemmung entlang der Gasversorgungskanäle zugeordnet. Die in Langzeitversuchen beobachtete Degradation der symmetrischen Anondenzellen wird zurückgeführt auf eine Degradation des Elektrolytmaterials, der Durchtrittsreaktion, der Nickelmatrix in den Anoden und des Kontaktwiderstandes zwischen den Anoden und den stromabnehmenden Nickelnetzen. Die Degradation der beiden letzteren ist in ihrer Rate abhängig von der Gaszusammensetzung. Ein Modell für das beobachtete zeitliche Verhalten wird vorgestellt.

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O'Brien, Julie Suzanne. "Cermet Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) Systems Operating in Multiple Fuel Environments: Effects of Sulfur and Carbon Composition as well as Microstructure." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20634.

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A series of cermet powders of composition NixCo(1-x)O-YSZ were synthesized for testing as cermet anode materials for SOFCs. The Co is found by powder XRD to become incorporated into the crystal lattice of the NiO, thus forming a true alloyed material. SEM and EDS results show two types of particles upon sintering to 1380oC: small, amorphous particles of YSZ and large, crystalline particles of nickel. The electrochemical oxidation of hydrogen on a cermet anode composed of Ni0.7Co0.3O-YSZ was investigated using a series of many button cells. Through EIS data, cyclic voltammetry data, the exchange current densities for these button cells were determined. Although a relatively large variation was found (expected to be due to microstructural variation) the average values for both methods of measurement is in good agreement in hydrogen. Following reduction in pure hydrogen, the fuel was changed to a mixture with high concentration of H2S. It was found that a concentration of 10 % H2S/H2 produced a sudden change in anode microstructure and resulted in loss of exchange current density. Lowering the amount of H2S in the initial fuel feed, which allowed for a more gradual microstructural change, allowed the cell to eventually function at concentrations in excess of 10 % H2S/H2. It was determined by OCV values in various concentrations of H2S/H2 that hydrogen is the predominant fuel of choice, even if H2S is available. Following electrochemical testing, slow cooling in a 10 % H2S/H2 mixture following produced metal sulfide spheres, as determined by SEM and EDS. Investigation in hydrocarbon, alcohol and biodiesel fuels was then undertaken to test the fuel variability of the given cermet anode material. Methane containing 10 % H2S was found to have increased exchange current density relative to poisoned hydrogen. Ethane and biodiesel experienced no increase in exchange current density, but a lengthening of the functional lifetime of the cell was observed, indicating reduced carbon poisoning. Methanol is a promising oxygen-containing SOFC fuel since it produced exchange current density values larger than hydrogen, and showed no evidence of coke formation by post-mortem SEM. Since oxygen-containing fuels are known to decompose in the gas phase at typical SOFC operating temperatures, the performance in a mixture of various CO/H2 fuels was then investigated. The Ni0.7Co0.3O-YSZ cermet anode gave higher exchange current density values for low ratio of CO/H2 fuels in the range 20/80 and 30/70 compared to pure H2. This is the first example of a Ni-based anode providing higher performance with a CO/H2 mixed fuel than for a pure H2 fuel. Finally, continuous running of a cell with fuel ratio 25/75 CO/H2 for 7 days produced exchange current density values, which were observed to increase significantly above the values for pure H2 during days 1-4 followed by deterioration below the value for hydrogen on subsequent days.

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Lay, Elisa. "Nouveaux matériaux d'électrode de cellule SOFC." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00461152.

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Ce travail est consacré à l'étude des influences de deux cations, le cérium et le baryum, sur les propriétés structurales, physico-chimiques, électriques et électrochimiques de l'oxyde (La,Sr)(Cr,Mn)O3 (LSCM). L'effet de l'état d'oxydation du cérium a été déterminé en substituant les sites A de LSCM et d'un oxyde de composition proche, CexSr1-xCr0,5Mn0,5O3 (CeSCM). L'influence des propriétés de basicité du baryum a été examinée. Les matériaux sont stables en conditions de fonctionnement d'anode pour SOFC. La conductivité est de type p pour CeLSCM et CeSCM. Les composés LBCM sont des semi-conducteurs de type n pour des pressions partielles comprises entre 1 et 10-4 atm, et de type p pour des pressions plus faibles. Sous atmosphère neutre, la conductivité électrique totale augmente avec la teneur en cérium dans LSCM, et la conductivité des matériaux CeSCM est similaire à celle de CeLSCM substitué par 25% de cérium (36 S.cm-1 à 900 °C). Sous atmosphère réductrice, la conductivité des matériaux CeLSCM est de l'ordre de 1 S.cm-1. La quantité de baryum n'a pas d'influence sur la conductivité de LSBCM. La caractérisation d'électrodes ponctuelles denses a permis de montrer que les performances anodiques augmentent avec la teneur en cérium substitué au lanthane dans LSCM. La nature des processus impliqués n'est pas modifiée lorsque le strontium est substitué par le cérium, même si l'absence de lanthane pénalise le comportement anodique. Des performances intéressantes pour une application comme matériau d'anode pour SOFC ont été atteintes pour le composé La0,75Ba0,25Cr0,5Mn0,5O3. Les origines des contributions élémentaires des caractéristiques d'électrode sont discutées.

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Ihringer, Raphaël. "Electrolytes minces sur supports anode dans les piles à combustible SOFC /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=2307.

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Yin, Wenbin. "Reaction Mechanism of Carbon and Methane on the Anode of SOFC." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1398778152.

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Agbede, Oluseye Omotoso. "Study of oxygen dissolution in molten tin : a novel SOFC anode." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24757.

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Conventional power plants for the conversion of fossil fuels to electricity have low efficiencies and produce large amount of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, which contribute to climate change. Hence, a molten tin reformer and methane-fuelled SOFC with molten tin anode (Sn(l)-SOFC) for easier CO2 capture and higher power efficiency were investigated. Both systems involved oxygen dissolution in molten tin and methane reaction with the dissolved oxygen, as well as gas bubbling, so oxygen dissolution and methane reaction at bubble | molten tin interface were investigated. Oxygen was separated successfully from a 10%O2-He blend through gas bubbling and dissolution in molten tin which suggests that oxygen may be separated from air in the molten tin reformer by bubbling air through molten tin in the first stage of the periodic process. An LSM-YSZ/LSM double-layered reference electrode and YSZ electrolyte potentiometric oxygen sensor was used to measure the concentration of dissolved oxygen in molten tin; hence, enabling derivation of the solubility limit and Gibbs energy change for the formation of SnO which was in equilibrium with oxygen at the solubility limit. The solubility of oxygen in molten tin in equilibrium with SnO in the temperature range 973-1123 K was ca. 0.019-0.107 atom%. The rate of oxygen dissolution in molten tin when 10%O2-He blend was bubbled through it was controlled by chemical reaction at the bubble | molten tin interface; the mechanism involved a first step of chemisorption to molten tin at the bubble | molten tin interface, forming SnO as the absorbed intermediate. The second step of the mechanism involved the dissociation of SnO to molten tin and oxygen atom incorporated in the molten tin. The rate limiting step was the dissociation of SnO into molten tin and oxygen atom. Likewise, the rate of deoxygenation of molten tin by 10%CH4-He was not limited by the diffusion of oxygen atoms in the molten tin but might be limited by surface reaction at the bubble | molten tin interface. The performance of the molten tin reformer and methane-fuelled Sn(l)-SOFC depends on bubble size and behaviour, so bubbles generated in molten tin were characterized by determining the sizes, shape, velocities, and behaviour under different operating conditions of nozzle diameter, gas flow rates and temperatures. A pressure pulse technique which incorporates a differential pressure transducer was employed successfully in the measurement of frequencies of bubble formation in molten tin at high temperatures in the range 973-1173 K while the bubbles were approximated as oblate spheroids which wobbled. LSM cathodes were deposited on micro-tubular YSZ electrolytes and the microstructures and electrical conductivities characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and four-point probe resistance measurement, respectively. SEM micrographs showed the densification of LSM cathodes with increased sintering temperature, which resulted in increased electrical conductivities. Potential difference-current density data and impedance spectra were determined for a methane-fuelled SOFC with molten tin anode. A peak power density of about 100 W m-2 at a current density of 222 A m-2 and potential difference of 0.45 V was obtained for the methane-fuelled SOFC with molten tin anode at 850 oC. Impedance spectra showed that ohmic potential losses controlled the reactor performance, with about half of those arising from the inherent difficulty in achieving a low resistance contact at the (Ag wire) Ag wool current collector | LSM cathode interface.

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Fisher, James C. II. "A Novel Fuel Cell Anode Catalyst, Perovskite LSCF: Compared in a Fuel Cell Anode and Tubular Reactor." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1152215855.

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Fouquet, Daniel. "Einsatz von Kohlenwasserstoffen in der Hochtemperatur-Bennstoffzelle SOFC." Aachen Wiss.-Verl. Mainz, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2707906&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Books on the topic "Anode SOFC"

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Takamori, Tomoko. Takamori Tomoko no ande ne amigurumi. Tōkyō: Shufu to Seikatsusha, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Anode SOFC"

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Faes, A., A. Hessler-Wyser, D. Presvytes, A. Brisse, C. G. Vayenas, and J. Van Herle. "Quantitative study of anode microstructure related to SOFC stack degradation." In EMC 2008 14th European Microscopy Congress 1–5 September 2008, Aachen, Germany, 763–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85156-1_382.

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Guo, Huang, Gulfam Iqbal, and Bruce Kang. "Investigation of Secondary Phases Formation Due to PH3Interaction with SOFC Anode." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 51–59. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118144527.ch6.

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Sepulveda, Juan L., Raouf O. Loutfy, Sekyung Chang, Peiwen Li, and Ananth Kotwal. "Functionally Graded Composite Electrodes for Advanced Anode-Supported, Intermediate-Temperature SOFC." In Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells IV, 203–14. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470456309.ch19.

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Gemmen, Randall, Harry Abernathy, Kirk Gerdes, Mark Koslowske, William A. McPhee, and Tomas Tao. "Fundamentals of Liquid Tin Anode Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (LTA-SOFC) Operation." In Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells V, 37–52. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470584316.ch3.

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Reynier, T., D. Bouvard, C. P. Carry, and R. Laucournet. "Co-Sintering of an Anode-Supported SOFC Based on Scandia Stabilized Zirconia Electrolyte." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 91–99. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118486955.ch9.

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Sammes, Nigel, and Yanhai Du. "Fabrication and Properties of an Anode-Supported Tubular IT-SOFC Based on Lanthanum Gallate." In Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, 33–40. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470291245.ch4.

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Koslowske, M. T., W. A. McPhee, L. S. Bateman, M. J. Slaney, J. Bentley, and T. T. Tao. "Performance of the Gen 3.1 Liquid Tin Anode SOFC on Direct JP-8 Fuel." In Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells IV, 41–52. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470456309.ch4.

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Lindermeir, Andreas, Ralph-Uwe Dietrich, and Christoph Immisch. "Propane Driven Hot Gas Ejector for Anode Off Gas Recycling in a SOFC-System." In Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells IX, 133–41. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118807750.ch13.

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Koslowske, M. T., W. A. McPhee, L. S. Bateman, M. J. Slaney, J. Bentley, and T. T. Tao. "Advanced Cell Development for Increased Direct JP-8 Performance in the Liquid Tin Anode SOFC." In Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells V, 27–35. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470584316.ch2.

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Satardekar, Pradnyesh, Dario Mortinaro, and Vincenzo M. Sglavo. "Modification of Sintering Behavior of Ni Based Anode Material by Doping for Metal Supported-SOFC." In Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells IX, 77–87. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118807750.ch7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Anode SOFC"

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Iqbal, Gulfam, Suryanarayana R. Pakalapati, Francisco Elizalde-Blancas, Huang Guo, Ismail Celik, and Bruce Kang. "Anode Structure Degradation Model for Planar-SOFC Configuration Under Fuel Gas Contaminants." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33183.

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Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) is one of the enabling technologies that are being extensively researched for clean power generation from coal-derived syngas. Anode structural degradation is one of the problems that limit the SOFCs operation lifetime and it is further aggravated by some common contaminants found in coal syngas such as phosphine. An accurate model for predicting the degradation patterns inside an SOFC anode operating under different conditions will be an effective tool for advancement of this technology. In this study, a structural durability model developed earlier for button SOFC anodes is extended to simulate the planar-SOFC anodes. The model accounts for thermo-mechanical and fuel gas contaminants effects on the anode material properties to predict evolution, in space and time, of degradation patterns inside the anode and consequently its lifetime. The temperature field and contaminant concentration distribution inside the SOFC anode are the required inputs for the degradation model which are obtained from DREAM-SOFC: a multi-physics code for SOFC modeling. Due to larger active areas compared to button cell, planar-SOFCs bear greater spatial and temporal temperature gradients which lead to higher thermo-mechanical degradation. Moreover, fuel contaminants are distributed on the anode surface which leads to non-uniform microstructure degradation along the fuel flow. For the case of co-flow configuration, anode thermo-mechanical degradation is severe at the anode-electrolyte interface at the fuel outlet. Whereas the fuel gas contaminants effects on the anode microstructure begin at the fuel inlet and propagate through the anode thickness and along the fuel flow. This research will be useful to establish control parameters to achieve desired service life of SOFC stacks working under coal syngas.

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Nelson, George J., Kyle N. Grew, Aldo A. Peracchio, John Izzo, and Wilson K. S. Chiu. "Analysis of the X-Ray Imaged Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode Microstructure." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39338.

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Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anodes are comprised of heterogeneous functional materials that include a pore phase which supports gas transport and solid phases which support ionic and electronic charge transport. A more detailed understanding of the contributions each of these phases makes to overall anode performance is critical for the design and development of next generation SOFCs. In the present work, three dimensional tomographic reconstructions of SOFC anodes are addressed with consideration given to the characterization of distinct pore, ionic and electronic conducting phases. These reconstructions are produced from transmission x-ray microscope (TXM) images taken at 38 nm spatial resolutions. Elemental mapping enabled by the TXM is used to determine the distribution of pore and solid ionic and electronic conducting phases within the anode. The results presented provide key insights into the composition and morphology of SOFC microstructures. The application of x-ray computed tomography (XCT) to ex situ SOFC micrsostructural characterization is demonstrated, and further applications of this technique are discussed.

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3

Nelson, George, and Comas Haynes. "Localized Constriction Resistance Effects Upon SOFC Transport Phenomena." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80464.

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Continuum level mass and electronic transport through solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anodes are addressed employing the analytic solution of the Laplace equation. The constriction resistance effects of conventional interconnect design upon mass and electronic transport within SOFC anodes are emphasized. Mass transfer resistance effects are created by changes in cross-sectional area between the fuel stream-anode and anode-electrolyte interfaces. Similarly, increased ohmic losses are created by the reduction in cross-sectional area from the electrolyte-anode interface to the interconnect-anode interface. These resistance effects create competing losses that may require consideration in future SOFC component designs. The following paper has pilot quantification of such effects as an introduction to performance trends and an illustration of the analytic approach applied.

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Fu, Pei, Min Zeng, and Qiuwang Wang. "Effect of Gradient Anode on Mass Transfer Performance for Anode-Supported Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66095.

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For anode-supported planar solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), the thick anode support layer (ASL) prevents the supply of fuel gas to the anode functional layer (AFL) where the electrochemical reactions take place. Shortage of the fuel gas at the active region results in concentration polarization. SOFC designs with porosity gradient anode may improve the cell performance. In order to investigate the effect of the porosity distributions on mass transfer characteristics of SOFC, a three dimensional half-cell model is developed based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The numerical model solves continuity equation, conservation of momentum, multi-component mass transfer and electrochemical reaction. According to the numerical results, a SOFC design with a higher porosity gradient anode could effectively enhance mass transport of the fuel gas in the AFLs, which would lead to the reduction of polarization loss. It is also found that high porosity gradient among the anode layers could improve the H2 concentration gradient in the porous anode, which is beneficial to facilitate diffusion of the fuel gas in the porous anode. Concentration overpotentials of the SOFC decrease with the increase of the porosity gradient, especially for the low inlet H2 molar fraction. These findings indicate that the comprehensive performance of SOFC can be effectively improved by employing a high porosity gradient anode.

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Menzer, Sophie, Grover Coors, Dustin Beeaff, and Dan Storjohann. "Development of Low-Cost Anode Material for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2008-65099.

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Manufacturing cost remains one of the major issues facing the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) industry. In the anode supported SOFC design, the cermet anode constitutes around 90% of the total material required to build a cell, making the technology very sensitive to anode raw material price. A new patent-pending process called “nickel yttria reaction-sintered zirconia (NiYRSZ)” has been developed for manufacturing SOFC anodes at a fraction of the cost. Typically, the solid component of the anode consists of about 50/50 volume percent nickel and 8 mole percent yttria stabilized zirconia, the latter being a rather costly material. It was discovered that zirconia and yttria powders sintered in the presence of nickel oxide readily form the cubic phase at moderate temperature. Cells manufactured using this process show excellent microstructures for anode supports: a strong bond between the electrolyte and the anode, and a high porosity without addition of pore formers. The strength of the anode was 100 MPa making the material equivalent or slightly superior to an anode fabricated with the traditional NiO/8YSZ material of similar porosity. The resistivity of the material was measured at 850°C and found to be less than 2 mΩ·cm. Cell performance was also compared to cells manufactured with traditional material. Every indication is that SOFC anodes fabricated with this new method perform as well as anodes made with the conventional material set.

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Kong, Jiangrong, Kening Sun, Derui Zhou, Jinshuo Qiao, and Jigang Li. "Anode-Supported IT-SOFC anode Prepared by Tape Casting Technique." In 1st International Forum on Strategic Technology "e-Vehicle Technology". IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifost.2006.312228.

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Daggett, James M., Neal P. Sullivan, Robert J. Kee, Huayang Zhu, and Anthony M. Dean. "Ethanol Transport and Chemistry in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2008-65229.

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Biofuels are receiving significant interest as a source for sustainable, locally produced hydrocarbon fuels. While solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can operate efficiently on biomass fuel streams, their use can prove problematic if process conditions are not carefully monitored, as carbon-deposit formation presents a significant risk. In this study, we examine the chemistry and transport processes underway when SOFC anodes are exposed to ethanol-steam mixtures. Through use of a unique Separated-Anode Experiment, this study decouples anode chemistry processes from charge-transfer, cathode-activation, and other electrochemical processes in an effort to focus on ethanol decomposition in SOFC environments. Experiments are combined with numerical simulations that include Dusty-Gas transport modeling within the anode pore structure, and elementary, multi-step heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical kinetics mechanisms representing fuel conversion within the anode. Process windows for deposit-free operation are postulated, and alternate anode architectures that minimize the risk of deposit formation are discussed.

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Guo, Huang, Gulfam Iqbal, and Bruce S. Kang. "Phosphine Effects on Ni-Based Anode Material and Related SOFC Button Cell Performance Investigation." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33187.

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Phosphine (PH3) is one of the trace contaminants found in coal-derived syngas that degrade the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) anode structural properties and electrochemical performances. In this research, the SOFC button cells are exposed to ppm level of PH3 in dry and moist hydrogen under OCV and loading conditions to study PH3 poisoning effect on SOFC performance. A modified Sagnac optical system is utilized for in-situ SOFC anode surface IR emission measurements as a function of current density, along with the cell electrochemical performance investigation. The experimental results indicate that the Ni-based SOFC anode is more susceptible to degradation due to PH3 in moist hydrogen than in dry hydrogen condition. The degradation effects of PH3 on the SOFCs anode are also analyzed by post experiment characterization using SEM, EDX, and XRD.

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Iqbal, Gulfam, Huang Guo, and Bruce S. Kang. "Reliability Model of SOFC Anode Material Under Thermo-Mechanical and Fuel Gas Contaminants Effects." In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2009-85026.

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Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) work under severe environment which deteriorate anode material properties and reduce its serviceable life. Besides electrochemical performance, structural integrity of SOFC anode is essential for successful long-term operation. SOFC anode material is subjected to stresses at high temperature, thermal and redox cycles and fuel gas contaminants effects on its structure during long-term operation. These mechanisms can degrade anode microstructure and decrease electrochemical performance and structural properties. In this research an anode material degradation model is developed and implemented in finite element analysis. The model incorporates thermo-mechanical and fuel gas contaminants degradation effects and predicts long-term structural integrity of SOFC anode. An analytical solution is also developed for button cell deformation under uniform pressure to establish correlation between the degradation model and experimental measurements. Preliminary results of the model application on the planar co-flow SOFC are also presented.

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Liese, Eric. "Comparison of Pre-Anode and Post-Anode Carbon Dioxide Separation for IGFC Systems." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59144.

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This paper examines the arrangement of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) within a coal gasification cycle, this combination generally being called an integrated gasification fuel cell cycle (IGFC). This work relies on a previous study performed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) that details thermodynamic simulations of IGCC systems and considers various gasifier types and includes cases for 90% CO2 capture [1]. All systems in this study assume a Conoco Philips gasifier and cold gas clean up conditions for the coal gasification system (Cases 3 and 4 in the NETL IGCC report). Four system arrangements, cases, are examined. Cases 1 and 2 remove the CO2 after the SOFC anode. Case 3 assumes steam addition, a water-gas-shift (WGS) catalyst and a Selexol process to remove the CO2 in the gas cleanup section, sending a hydrogen-rich gas to the fuel cell anode. Case 4 assumes Selexol in the cold-gas cleanup section as in Case 3; however, there is no steam addition and the WGS takes places in the SOFC, and after the anode. Results demonstrate significant efficiency advantages compared to IGCC with CO2 capture. The hydrogen-rich case (Case 3) has better net electric efficiency compared to typical post-anode CO2 capture cases (Cases 1 and 2), with a simpler arrangement and similar SOFC area. Case 4 gives an efficiency similar to Case 3, but at a lower SOFC power density, or a lower efficiency at the same power density. Carbon deposition concerns are also discussed.

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Reports on the topic "Anode SOFC"

1

Koslowske, Mark, Thomas Tao, Jeff Bentley, Mike Slaney, Linda Bateman, Zena Uzep, and William McPhee. Liquid Tin Anode SOFC JP-8 Start-up. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada501654.

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Buchkremer, H. P., D. Stoever, and U. Diekmann. Realisation of an anode supported planar SOFC system. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/460193.

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O. A. Marina, L. R. Pederson, R. Gemmen, K. Gerdes, H. Finklea, and I. B. Celik. Overview of SOFC Anode Interactions with Coal Gas Impurities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1015464.

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Hart, Richard, Ed Sabolsky, Xingbo Liu, John Zondlo, Tony Thomas, and He Qi. Development of a Thermal Spray, Redox Stable, Ceramic Anode for Metal Supported SOFC. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1530431.

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Tao, Thomas, Jeff Bentley, Mark Koslowske, Linda Bateman, and Bill McPhee. Direct Logistic Fuel JP-8 Conversion in a Liquid Tin Anode Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (LTA-SOFC). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada483655.

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Rambabu Bobba. Dense Membranes for Anode Supported all Perovskite IT-SOFCs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/902844.

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Rambabu Bobba. Dense Membranes for Anode Supported all Perovskite IT-SOFCs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/937594.

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Walker, Robert A. In-Situ Optical Studies of Oxidation/Reduction Kinetics on SOFC Cermet Anodes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada535217.

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