Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Anomalies gravimétriques'
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Verdun, Jérôme. "La gravimétrie aéroportée en région montagneuse : exemple du levé franco-suisse sur les Alpes occidentales." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20159.
Full textGilg-Capar, Laure. "Etude des anomalies du géoide à moyennes longueurs d'onde : implications sur les mécanismes de l'accrétion et l'origine du volcanisme intraplaque." Brest, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BRES2018.
Full textRey, Denis. "Structure crustale des Alpes occidentales le long du profil ECORS-CROP d'après la sismique réflexion et le champ de pesanteur." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20157.
Full textTang, Jih-Chuan. "Modélisation numérique de l'initiation de la collision arc-continent : application à Taiwan." Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE5427.
Full textHetényi, György. "Evolution of deformation of the Himalayan prism : from imaging to modelling." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112258.
Full textThe Himalaya-Tibet system is considered as the classical case of continental collision. In the meantime, some fundamental questions concerning the structure, rheology and physical processes influencing the evolution of the region's lithosphere are still pending. This thesis brings new constraints on these subjects. New images of the lithosphere are issued from the Hi-CLIMB broadband seismology experiment. The characteristics of the deployment and the use of receiver functions including multiples produced a detailed image of: the MHT including its deep section; localized low-velocity zones and in correlation with grabens; underplating of the Indian lower crust and advance of its lithosphere to about the centre of Tibet; upper mantle discontinuities at 410 and 670 km, which do not seem to be affected by the ongoing orogeny. Based on the improved knowledge on flexural geometry, the rheology of the India plate is re-assessed. Thermomechanical modelling results reveal that the effective elastic thickness decreases from south to north due to decoupling, caused by flexural and thermal weakening. To explain the support of the Tibetan Plateau as well as regional isostasy in the Himalayas, a strong upper mantle is required. With the use of Bouguer anomaly data, eclogitization of the Indian lower crust is shown to occur. Investigations of the thermal field and P-T-rho relations assuming different hydration levels are performed using thermo-kinematic and petrological models. The results suggest partial hydration; and that eclogitization is kinetically hindered while free water is absent from the system, until dehydration reactions occur at higher P-T conditions
Malengreau, Barbara. "Structure profonde de la Réunion d'après les données magnétiques et gravimétriques." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CLF21702.
Full textCabissole, Benoît de. "Apport des données gravimétriques à la connaissance de la chaîne des Pyrénées le long du profil ECORS." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20130.
Full textThorey, Clément. "Dynamique des intrusions magmatiques peu profondes : théorie et application à la détection d’intrusions planétaires." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01278432.
Full textIntrusive magmatism plays a fundamental role in the accretionary processes of terrestrial crust. Indeed, when magma is forced to the surface, only a small amount of it actually reaches that level. Most of the magma is intruded into the crust where it solidifies into a wide range of features, from the small scale sills and laccoliths to large scale batholiths (several hundred kilo-meters in size). The topographic deformation that could be caused by shallow intrusions can be constrained by observations of planetary surfaces ; that is volume, shape and other dimensions of intrusions can be quantified. However, such observations must be linked to dynamic models of magma emplacement at depth in order to provide insights into magma physical properties, injection rate, emplacement depth and the intrusion process itself. In this thesis, we first investigate the relation between the morphology of shallow intermediate-scale magmatic intrusions (sills and laccoliths) and their cooling. We propose a model for the spreading of an elastic-plated gravity current with a temperature-dependent viscosity that accounts for a realistic magma rheology, melt crystallization and heating of the surrounding medium. The mechanisms that drive the cooling of the intrusions vary from Earth to the Moon and the ability of the model to reproduce the final morphologies (aspect ratio) of terrestrial laccoliths and low-slope lunar domes is examined. On the Moon, the emplacement of magmatic intrusions into the crust has also been proposed as a possible mechanism for the formation of floor- fractured craters. We propose a model for an elastic-plated gravity current spreading beneath an elastic overburden of variable thickness. We find that several characteristics of floor-fractured craters are indeed consistent with the emplacement of large volumes of magma beneath their floor. In addition, using the unprecedented resolution of the NASA’s Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission, in combination with topographic data obtained from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) instrument, we show that lunar floor-fractured craters present gravitational anomalies consistent with magmatic intrusions intruding a crust characterized by a 12% porosity. The implications in terms of lunar evolution are examined
Ravaut, Patrick. "Les anomalies de pesanteur en Oman : implications sur la structure et l'évolution tectonique de la chaîne nord-omanaise." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20078.
Full textAizprua, Carlos. "Structure et développement du bassin d'avant-arc du sud-ouest des Andes du Nord." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUR001.
Full textThe SW Ecuador‐NW Peru forearc region is the southernmost location, where the Caribbean large igneous province (CLIP) interacted with the South American margin since the Late Cretaceous. The accretion of the CLIP to the margin led to the entrapment of the North Andean crustal Sliver, conforming the underlying basement of the forearc region in Ecuador, whereas in NW Peru, forearc depocenters involve rocks of continental affinity. Many existing tectonic reconstructions have treated these two areas independently, largely based on their crustal affinities. In contrast, this study integrates previous studies into an analysis of unpublished seismic profiles, potential field data, outcrop stratigraphy, and recent studies dealing with the dynamics of allochthonous terrane accretion along continental margins. Our integrated approach shows that SW Ecuador was dominated by a Late Cretaceous deforming outer wedge, which may have constituted a remnant of a northeast or northwest dipping obliquely obducted oceanic block at the edge of the CLIP. This tectonic phase was governed by plate instability, affecting NW Peru and SW Ecuador, followed by reestablishment of the margin by early Eocene. The resulting margin configuration and the spatial distribution of the different tectonic elements seem to have played a key role in the further Cenozoic development of the forearc region. The model presented in this study proposes that the accretion of buoyant oceanic terranes may have had a profound impact on the early margin configuration of SW Ecuador and NW Peru and led to the development of localized but genetically related forearc depocenters
Adam, Claudia. "Signature topographique et gravimétrique des panaches du manteau dans le Pacifique." Phd thesis, Institut de physique du globe de paris - IPGP, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00350037.
Full textTakherist, Djilali. "Structure crustale, subsidence mésozoi͏̈que et flux de chaleur dans les bassins nord-sahariens (Algérie) : apport de la gravimétrie et des données de puits." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20052.
Full textRousset, Dominique. "Structure et isostasie du Fossé Rhénan (segment méridional) : champ de pesanteur et sismique réflexion en écoute longue ECORS DEKORP." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20006.
Full textGac, Sébastien. "Modélisation numérique 3D des caractéristiques physiques des segments de dorsale lente." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008837.
Full textWehr, Hannah. "Modélisation 3D des Pyrénées à partir des données géologiques, gravimétriques et sismiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30317/document.
Full textA three-dimensional geological model of the Pyrenees and their foreland basins is constructed with the GeoModeller software. This model accounts for all the geological and geophysical information available and covers the whole Pyrenees, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, and from the Iberian Range to the Massif Central, down to 70 km depth. It is able to explain main features of Bouguer gravity anomalies and of seismic travel times. 3D inversion is performed to refine this model. Joint geological and geophysical modeling and inversion reveal differences in the crustal structure between the western and central Pyrenees and the eastern Pyrenees. They show furthermore the presence of exhumed mantle material enclosed in the crust beneath the Labourd Massif and Saint-Gaudens, as well as the necessity of a low density anomalie in the eastern Pyrenees
Vu, Dinh Toan. "Unification du système de hauteur et estimation de la structure lithosphérique sous le Vietnam utilisant la modélisation du champ de gravité et du quasigéoïde à haute résolution." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOU30050.
Full textThe goal of this work was twofold. The first part was devoted to the research of the size and physical shape of the Earth in Vietnam through the determination of a local gravimetric quasigeoid model. The second part was to better constrain the Earth's interior structure beneath Vietnam by determining the Moho and Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary (LAB) depth models. For the first objective, a high-resolution gravimetric quasigeoid model for Vietnam and its surrounding areas was determined based on new land gravity data in combination with fill-in data where no gravity data existed. The resulting quasigeoid model was evaluated using 812 GNSS/levelling points in the study region. This comparison indicates that the quasigeoid model has a standard deviation of 9.7 cm and 50 cm in mean bias. This new local quasigeoid model for Vietnam represents a significant improvement over the global models EIGEN-6C4 and EGM2008, which have standard deviations of 19.2 and 29.1 cm, respectively, when compared to the GNSS/levelling data. An essential societal and engineering application of the gravimetric quasigeoid is in GNSS levelling, and a vertical offset model for Vietnam and its surrounding areas was determined based on the GNSS/levelling points and gravimetric-only quasigeoid model for this purpose. The offset model was evaluated using cross-validation technique by comparing with GNSS/levelling data. Results indicate that the offset model has a standard deviation of 5.9 cm in the absolute sense. Thanks to this offset model, GNSS levelling can be carried out over most of Vietnam's territory complying to third-order levelling requirements, while the accuracy requirements for fourth-order levelling networks is met for the entire country. To unify the height system towards the International Height Reference Frame (IHRF), the zero-height geopotential value for the Vietnam Local Vertical Datum W_0^LVD was determined based on two approaches: 1) Using high-quality GNSS/levelling data and the estimated gravimetric quasigeoid model, 2) Using the Geodetic Boundary Value Problem (GBVP) approach based on the GOCE global gravity field model enhanced with terrestrial gravity data. This geopotential value can be used to connect the height system of Vietnam with the neighboring countries. Moreover, the GBVP approach was also used for direct determination of the gravity potential on the surface at three GNSS Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) stations at epoch 2018.0 in Vietnam. Based on time series of the vertical component derived from these GNSS observations as well as InSAR data, temporal variations in the geopotential were also estimated on these permanent GNSS stations. This enables monitoring of the vertical datum and detect possible deformation. These stations may thus contribute to increase the density of reference points in the IHRF for this region. For the second objective, the local quasigeoid model was first converted to the geoid. Then, high-resolution Moho and LAB depth models were determined beneath Vietnam based on the local isostatic hypothesis using the geoid height derived from the estimated geoid, elevation data and thermal analysis. From new land gravity data, a complete grid and map of gravity anomalies i.e., Free-air, Bouguer and Isostatic was determined for the whole of Vietnam. The Moho depth was also computed based on the gravity inversion using the Bouguer gravity anomaly grid. All new models are computed at 1' resolution. The resulting Moho and LAB depth models were evaluated using available seismic data as well as global and local lithospheric models available in the study region. [...]