Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Anomer effect'
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Madon, Benjamin. "Etude des effets magneto-transverses dans les matériaux ferromagnétiques : effets Righi-Leduc planaire et anomal et géométrie Corbino." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX029/document.
Full textAbstract: During this PhD we studied different electric, thermal and thermoelectric properties. For instance, we characterized the anomalous and planar Righi-Leduc effects which are the thermal equivalent of the anomalous and planar Hall effects. These effect have to be taken into account when interpreting spin Seebeck measurements.We used the technics that we developped during this study to look at the Nernst effect in InSb. We developped, a carrier mobility distribution model to explain its non-linearity at fields around 1T.We built a ferromagnetic resonance experiment in order to study the impact of thermal and thermoelectric properties in spin pumping effect.Lastly, we studied electric transport in the Corbino geometry. Corbino geometry is the one of a disc where there are no free boundaries where electric charges can accumulate. This causes the apparition of an orthoradial Hall current which consequence is the increase of resistance of the disc. We showed an increase of resistance in the Corbino geometry in CoGd and CoTb originating from anomalous Hall effect. Despite the anomalous Hall effect does not dissipate, it produces an orthoradial current which dissipates. We also found in permalloy that this increase of resistance is counterbalanced by a decrease of resistance due to the anisotropic magnetoresistance.The similarity between anomalous Hall effect and spin Hall effect which share a common microscopic origin implies that we expect in platinum the apparition of an orthoradial spin current without possibility for the charges to accumulateition. This current should dissipate just the way it does for the anomalous Hall effect.The study of this spin current will be the topic of a futur study
Abbes, Oukacha. "Etude structurale et conformationnelle de quatre derives glucidiques." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066225.
Full textO'Brien, Julie Suzanne. "Cermet Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) Systems Operating in Multiple Fuel Environments: Effects of Sulfur and Carbon Composition as well as Microstructure." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20634.
Full textKuperman, Joshua Minoru. "Applications of NMR techniques : the anomeric effect and secondary deuterium isotope effects /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3112850.
Full textZittartz, Marc Alexander. "Anomaler Hall-Effekt in dotierten Kobaltaten." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=966627822.
Full textDhake, Parag. "Reexamination of Reverse Anomeric Effect (RAE)." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DhakeP2008.pdf.
Full textWothers, Peter David. "An examination of the anomeric effect." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627517.
Full textBarbry, Didier. "Synthèse et étude structurale de thiazolidines substituées sur les positions 2, 4 ou 5." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10105.
Full textPichon-Pesme, Virginie. "Étude de l'effet anomérique par analyse de la densité électronique." Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10088.
Full textJarjoura, George. "Effect of nickel on copper anode passivation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0015/MQ48272.pdf.
Full textMartinez, Audrey. "Synthèse et caractérisation de thiazolidines et d'oxazolidines dérivées d'α-aminoacides naturels - intérêt dans une approche de prodrogues de répulsifs naturels." La Réunion, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LARE0004.
Full textCombination of natural bioactive compounds with a drug delivery approach should contribute to sustainable development and chemistry. The first part describes the synthesis, characterization and stability in solution of structurally diverse oxazolidines and thiazolidines derived from three natural α-amino acids (L-cysteine, L-serine and L-threonine) to assess the potential of the chemical route based on a cyclocondensation reaction of carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones). A convenient protocol (one pot reaction) has been developed when performing the synthesis of highly substituted heterocycles (type II) and proved to be useful to overcome the ring-chain equilibrium of saturated 1,3-X,N-heterocycles (type I). Interestingly, structural parameters which could modulate the ring stability have been identified. Based on the above results, the second part is related to the synthesis of prodrug forms (oxazolidines and thiazolidines) of a natural olfactory repellent for primary prevention of vector-borne diseases. Preliminary bioassays are described for representative prodrugs compared to the parent bioactive compound or a gold standard (DEET). Appropriate structural features of the prodrugs resulted in lower cell toxicity, control of the release process in nanocarriers and higher personal protection time against Aedes albopictus. The overall results ascertain the potential of this prodrug approach for other natural bioactive compounds
El, Kharraf Zohra. "Réactivité radicalaire et carbénique du carbone anomère des sucres." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10137.
Full textLacey, Brett Andrew. "LEGALIZATION EFFECTS ON ILLEGAL MULTI-STATE CANNABIS DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1896.
Full textBarnes, Loic. "Étude théorique des saccharides : structures et spectres infrarouges." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1152/document.
Full textOur work aims to develop a method to allow the sequencing of oligosaccharides, which are biopolymers playing a key role in the field of Health as in several industrial fields such as energy or nutrition.The methods used for sequencing proteins are limited in the study of oligosaccharides.However, we show that the combination of action spectroscopy experimental method (IRMPD) and theoretical calculations is a promising method to sequence oligosaccharides.Our theoretical method consist of obtaining minima of the potential energy surface.The infrared spectra of these minima are computed with DFT and a large basis.The calculated spectra are then compared to the experimental ones to gain informations on the structure of the compounds or on the composition of the mixture in the sample.Our approach combining theoretical computations to IRMPD measurements is particularly effective to obtain the structures of mono and disaccharides present in the sample.Moreover, it allows to identify specific signatures of anomers and conformers
Gerber, Matthew. "The Effect of Anode Geometry on Power Output in Microbial Fuel Cells." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1406120948.
Full textLargeaud, Frédéric. "Etude à basse température des états d'adsorption et de l'oxydation électrocatalytique du D-glucose sur des électrodes de platine." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2266.
Full textJones, Zachary M. "Perch Diameter and Secondary Branching Have Interactive Effects on the Locomotion and Path Choice of Anole Lizards." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1313689450.
Full textBurrill, Katheryn Elizabeth. "The effect of phonological and semantic cues on word retrieval in adults." Scholarly Commons, 2008. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/694.
Full textLoerbroks, Claudia Verfasser], Christel [Akademischer Betreuer] [Marian, and Walter [Akademischer Betreuer] Thiel. "Saure Hydrolyse von Cellulose und der Anomere Effekt: Eine computergestützte Untersuchung / Claudia Loerbroks. Gutachter: Christel Marian ; Walter Thiel." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1066815496/34.
Full textSchaller, Jörg, Arndt Weiske, and Frank Berger. "Thunderbolt in biogeochemistry: galvanic effects of lightning as another source for metal remobilization." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-132168.
Full textSchaller, Jörg, Arndt Weiske, and Frank Berger. "Thunderbolt in biogeochemistry: galvanic effects of lightning as another source for metal remobilization." Nature Publishing Group, 2013. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27427.
Full textHuang, Min. "Elucidation des Mécanismes de O- et C-glycosylation par des Moyens Chimiques et Spectroscopiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923152.
Full textMaiereanu, Anamaria Carmen. "Synthèse et analyses stéréochimiques de composés hétérocycliques saturés, biologiquement actifs, dérivés de beta-aminopolyalcools." Rouen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ROUES027.
Full textLau, Tsz-wai Raymond, and 劉子偉. "Organic light emitting diodes: effects of anode treatments to device efficiency and stability." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31227545.
Full textZhang, Wei. "Performance of lead anodes used for zinc electrowinning and their effects on energy consumption and cathode impurities." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27021/27021.pdf.
Full textChapman, Cole Garrett. "Identification of population average treatment effects using nonlinear instrumental variables estimators : another cautionary note." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1438.
Full textTeichert, Steffen. "Elektrischer Transport und allgemeine Charakterisierung der halbleitenden Silicide Beta-FeSi2 und MnSi1,73." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 1996. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-199600235.
Full textDe, Silva Kandaudage Channa R. "Effect of Manufacturing Technique on Electrochemical Response of a Sulfur Tolerant Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1225992967.
Full textKhan, Feroze. "Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide in Landfill Gas on Anode Poisoning of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1338838003.
Full textBarry, Thierno Saidou. "Effet de l’empilement des anodes de carbone pendant la cuisson sur leur densification et sur leur résistivité électrique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67908.
Full textNowadays, the only industrially applicable process to produce aluminum is known as the Hall-Héroult process. The process essentially uses carbon-based materials as electrodes (anodes and cathodes). The productivity and energy efficiency of the process is closely linked to the quality of the anodes (uniformity and properties variations). In this project, we studied different parameters that could influence the uniformity of the anode final properties by mainly determining their electrical resistivity. The baking process is the last step in the anode manufacturing process. This is a very critical step while the anodes undergo the most significant microstructural transformations giving them the properties required for their use in the Hall-Héroult process. During baking, the anodes are stacked in the furnace and baked according to predefined temperature profiles leading to the generation of mechanical stresses, due to stacking, combined with thermochemical transformations, due to the baking process. The consequence of this phenomena can lead to anisotropy in terms of anode internal properties. The hypothesis is that during baking, the upper anodes can exert an external pressure on the lower anodes, thus causing the rearrangement of the coke particles in the internal structure of the anode. This change could lead to a reduction in the distance between particles, possibly affecting the electrical resistivity. In this work, the variations in the electrical resistivity of a series of industrial anodes as a function of their position in the baking furnace were first examined. Then, through experimental work carried out in the laboratory, anode samples were fabricated and baked under different external pressures. Finally, their electrical resistivity was determined to establish a relationship between the applied mechanical force and the electrical resistivity.
Yoshiike, Ryo. "Axial anomaly and fluctuation effects in the inhomogeneous chiral phase." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232250.
Full textFröhlich, Annika [Verfasser], and Susanne [Akademischer Betreuer] Warning. "Yet Another Credential? The Determinants and Effects of Doctoral Education / Annika Fröhlich ; Betreuer: Susanne Warning." Augsburg : Universität Augsburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1181693314/34.
Full textMelemed, Aaron M. (Aaron Max). "Identifying interface-dominated behavior and cell configuration effects on the electrochemistry of calcium foil anodes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130862.
Full textCataloged from the official PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 46-49).
Fundamental research and practical assembly of rechargeable calcium (Ca)-based batteries will benefit from the ability to use Ca metal anodes to provide a sufficient Ca²⁺ reservoir for full cell electrochemistry. When Ca metal comes in contact with an organic electrolyte, a native solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) forms which dramatically alters the electrode, and in some instances fully passivates it. Considering that Ca deposition and dissolution is widely believed to be a surface-film-controlled process, understanding the role of the interface on Ca electrochemistry is paramount. This study examines the electrochemical signatures of several Ca interfaces in a current benchmark electrolyte, Ca(BH₄)₂ in tetrahydrofuran (THF). Preparation methodologies of Ca foils are presented, along with Ca plating/stripping through either pre-existing, native calcium hydride (CaH₂), or pre-formed calcium fluoride (CaF₂) interfaces.
In contrast to earlier work examining Ca foil in other electrolytes, Ca foils are accessible for reversible electrochemistry in Ca(BH₄)₂/THF. However, the first cyclic voltammetry (CV) cycle reflects a persistent and history-dependent layer from its prior handling, which manifests as reduction/oxidation overpotentials and characteristic interface-derived CV features. The initial surface-dependent behavior diminishes as Ca is continuously cycled, but formation of the native CaH₂ interface can return the CV to interface-dominated behavior. Imparting a synthetic, nanoscale-thickness CaF₂ layer prior to cell assembly can successfully decouple the Ca anode from the electrolyte; however, access points for more-active Ca plating/stripping form throughout cycling, progressively breaking through the film, and the interface is not chemically stable after several days.
CVs are compared in both three-electrode glass cell and two-electrode coin cell configurations, where the cell configuration is also shown to have significant effects on the resulting electrochemistry. The electrochemical signature of the native passivation layer is still present during the first cycle in coin cells, but high current density and cycle life are achievable with moderate cycling parameters.
by Aaron M. Melemed.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering
Fröhlich, Annika Verfasser], and Susanne [Akademischer Betreuer] [Warning. "Yet Another Credential? The Determinants and Effects of Doctoral Education / Annika Fröhlich ; Betreuer: Susanne Warning." Augsburg : Universität Augsburg, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:384-opus4-448122.
Full textIshak, Ramzi. "Protection of carbon anode against air burning : a new approach to apply and understand the inhibiting effect of boron impregnation." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29953.
Full textAluminum electrolysis is a process that consumes energy and resources (raw materials, qualified personnel, time, etc.). Several research projects are underway around the world to improve the efficiency of the aluminum manufacturing process, to reduce toxic gas emissions (CO2, CO, CF4, C2F6 ...) and to reduce production costs. One of the current problems of alumina electrolysis is the excessive consumption of carbon anodes. Indeed, these anodes, when they are heated at high temperatures, are attacked by ambient air between 400 and 600 °C, and by the CO2 at 960 °C which results in an over-consumption of carbon, thereby reducing the manufacturing capacity of metallic aluminum per kg of carbon consumed. Currently, the average lifetime of an anode is between 20 and 30 days. The objective of this project is to reduce the reaction rate of anode oxidation under ambient air. Different methods have been developed to obtain an effective and economical protection which would reduce the over-consumption of the carbon anode against the phenomenon of air oxidation. Since boron oxide is known as an inhibitor of carbon/oxygen reaction, several attempts have been made to make a coating on the anode, confirming the inhibitory effect of boron oxide on this reaction, thus allowing protection of the carbon anodes. The influence of each of the parameters (temperature, concentration, duration of impregnation in the solution, etc.) were studied, as well. X-ray tomography showed that the anode is mainly attacked on the surface and that the boron oxide coating creates a physical barrier preventing access of oxygen to the anode. Further studies have been carried out to understand the inhibitor mechanism of boron oxide on carbon-oxygen reaction. According to the literature, boron oxide and boric acid can act in two ways: either by fixing on the anode surface resulting in blocking the active carbon sites or by creating a vitreous layer which serves as a physical barrier to oxygen. A kinetic study has been established which confirms that the number of interactions between oxygen and carbon sites decreases in the presence of boron. ToF-SIMS has revealed that boron is present as an oxide on the anode surface and also in the form of carbon-boron bond (BC-). Therefore, this acts like a chemical protection while boron atoms block the carbon active sites, preventing oxidation. The consumption of the carbon anode in the electrolysis cells is controlled by the impurities and the graphitization level as well as the mass transport through its porous structure. The impregnation of coke particle could have an effect on the porosity and its distribution. Coke particles (from 4000 μm to 4 760 μm in diameter) was impregnated with boron oxide in order to reveal its effect on the porosity. The specific surface area and the volumes of 3 conversion rates of particles (at 0, 15 and 35%) were determined by argon adsorption and mercury infiltration in order to evaluate the contributions of subcritical gasification on the total gasification of the anodes under air at 525 °C. To determine the critical pore size (TC) for the treated and untreated coke, the measurement of internal and external contributions of pores was used. It was revealed that the pore sizes of 0.1-10 μm and larger were the most active pores for the gasification under air. In addition, the volume of only very small pores (0.0004-0.001 μm) was slightly decreased by boron impregnation. However, the contribution of the size range of these small pores to anode gasification is negligible. In this thesis, a new method for the protection of anodes by boron oxide has been developed. This involves treating the raw materials before anode is formed by using a low concentration of boron oxide (in ppm) in order to limit the level of impurities contained in the produced metal. The results performed with standard equipment showed that the air reactivity of the anode decreased by 15%, the dusting by 90% and CO2/CO loss by 30%. The electrical resistivity of the anode was not affected by boron oxide at this low level. The influence of each of the parameters (temperature, concentration, etc.) on anode protection was optimized, as well.
Lu, Ying. "Interaction du bio-brai avec le coke : effet du bio-brai sur la formulation d'anode." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67909.
Full textAluminium producers are constantly facing challenges regarding the increase in production costs including those related to coal-tar-pitch (CTP). CTP, a fossil material with carbon footprint, is used as binder to produce carbon anodes. Regardless of the technical benefits of CTP, it contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), known to be carcinogenic for humans and detrimental to the environment. Furthermore, the escalating production capacity of aluminium during the past 3 decades exerts a considerable pressure on the pitch supply chain. To overcome this challenge, alternative sources to CTP capable of addressing the health issues and zero carbon footprint without decreasing anode quality, are thus of great interest. Bio-pitch, produced from bio-oil, could be a good candidate in this regard. However, the properties of bio-pitch could be significantly different from those of CTP depending on its origins and process conditions. This study focuses on the synthesis of bio-pitches from bio-oil under different pyrolysis conditions and characterization of its physical and chemical properties, aiming at determining the conditions which may result in suitable properties for anode formulation. We first synthesized biopitch from bio-oil under different conditions. The resulting biopitches were deeply characterized in order to understand the effect of process parameters on their properties. Among these typical characterizations are determination of density, softening point, coking value, quinoline insoluble, PAH content, molecular weight, viscosity, elemental composition, chemical structures as well as the reaction mechanisms occurring during the pyrolysis process. Then we focused on characterisation of biopitch interaction with coke in order to assess its behaviour and its role, as a binder, in anode formulation. Information on the wetting capacity of bio-pitch on the surface of coke particle is also of great interest in assessing its possible use as a renewable and environmental-friendly binder. It was shown that the wettability of bio-pitch is greatly influenced by its viscosity, surface tension, surface chemical functional groups, amount of quinoline insoluble, and molecular weight distribution. The good wettability of bio-pitch enhances the anode densification, thus mitigates the negative effect of its low coking value on the baked anode density. In order to improve the bio-pitch properties, the investigation to increase the QI content thereby to vi improve its coking value by adding different amounts of solid bio-char as an additive were also studied
Busseron, Eric. "Synthèse de Glyco[2]rotaxanes Caméléons : vers le ciblage spécifique des cellules cancéreuses." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20065.
Full textThe conception of pH-sensitive chameleon glycorotaxanes molecular machines has been envisaged in this work to specifically target cancer cells, in combining on one hand a statistic effect of overexpression of some receptors and on the other hand an extracellular environment effect. The extracellular pH of cancer cells being more acidic than one of normal cells, our compounds should be able to modulate the affinity of their glucidic moiety for their specific receptors, depending on their environment. In a first instance, two synthetic pathways to glycorotaxanes have been developed using O-glycosylation and “click” reaction. In a second time, the 1,2,3-triazole moiety obtained from the “click” reaction, has been transformed to a 3-N-alkyl-1,2,3-triazolium moiety, which proved to be an efficient molecular station for the crown ether used (DB24C8) and allowed us to obtain functional molecular switches. In another part, a new mono- or disubstituted pyridinium amide station for DB24C8, has been used for the design and the synthesis of large-amplitude molecular switches. During their study, a difference of macrocycle's localization has been noted depending on the amide substitution. In the case of disubstituted amide, a domino effect appeared and led to an impressive conformational change of the mannopyranose chair. Finally, a methodological study has been performed, on one hand, to sort all the stations used in this work by affinity for the DB24C8 and on the other hand to envisage the triazolium moiety as a barrier and a station at the same time. When localized at the center of rotaxane, it prevents the macrocycle from translating from one extremity to the other
Mai, Thi Hai Ha. "Effet de H2S sur la structure et les performances électriques d’une anode SOFC." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI003/document.
Full textA Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) can be fed with biogas without a preliminary reforming due to its high operating temperature. However, the biogas contains numerous pollutants like sulfur which poison the electrodes. This thesis focuses on the understanding of the H2S impacts on the anode structure and electrical performances. Raman Spectroscopy, optical imagery and Impedance Spectroscopy have been used in situ to evaluate the sulfidation kinetics and the morphological changes of Ni and Ni-CGO pellets exposed to H2S at various temperatures. The electrical performances of Ni-YSZ/YSZ/Pt cells under open circuit and 500 mV-polarizing conditions at 500°C have been measured. An electrical circuit with a second-order concentration impedance is proposed. The anode behaviors in clean and polluted fuel are discussed based on the evolutions of impedance shapes and on the fitted parameters. Correlations between the electrical properties and the build-up of nickel sulfide are presented
Litchfield, Damien. "Learning from others : effects of expertise when viewing another person's eye movement patterns during visuospatial tasks." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557255.
Full textVogel, Dieter [Verfasser], and Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Weiss. "Anomaler Hall-Effekt und Metall-Isolator-Übergang in zweidimensionalen InAs:Mn-Lochsystemen / Dieter Vogel. Betreuer: Dieter Weiss." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1103229052/34.
Full textGültekin, Raver. "Testifying through another tongue:Examining the effects of language barriers on accuracy and suggestibility in eyewitness testimonies." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-160651.
Full textWang, Kai. "Magnetic Nanoparticles And Magnetic Effects Induced Novel Anode Buffer Layer For Polymer Solar Cells." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1396892702.
Full textVaino, Andrew Rein. "Synthesis of agents for the targeting of drugs to the human liver and elucidation of the reverse anomeric effect." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ31959.pdf.
Full textBonin, Martine. "Préparation et réactivité d'équivalents de dihydropyridines : utilisation pour la synthèse d'alcaloides." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112102.
Full textA general method of synthesis of 2,6-dialkyl piperidine alkaloids is presented in this work. Reaction of alkylation and stereoselective reduction of 2-cyano piperidine intermediate products have led to the dihydropinine and to the solenopsine-A, disubstituted cis and trans respectively. The particular reactivity of the piperidine a-aminonitrile synthons on alumina has been used ta synthetize two cis and trans decahydroquinoline isomers of the pumiliotoxine-C. The enantioselective synthesis of this batracian toxine has also been achieved following the same biomimetic route, using a new 2-cyano 6-oxazolo piperidine chiral synthon. A careful study of various piperidine α-aminonitriles by NMR - 1H and – 13C has led to the discovery of an anomeric effect in these molecules, similar to the one observed in the glucopyranoses
Kelly, James. "The Achievement and Non-Achievement Effects of Repeating Another Year with a Teacher and Reversing Broken Windows Theory." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/595645.
Full textPh.D.
This research gives a multidimensional investigation into community policies that are becoming more prevalent in American society. In Chapter 1, I apply multiple Value-Added Models (VAM) of achievement to data from the North Carolina Education Research Data Center (NCERDC) to determine the academic impacts of repeating a year (or more) with the same teacher on student achievement in math and reading. Given the growing trend in schools and teaching practices, like looping, that pair teachers and students for multiple years, this research finds contrasting results about the gains in academic achievement associated with repeating with a teacher. Specifically, while there is evidence that students on average have higher scores when repeating with a teacher, this effect is mitigated when one controls for teacher quality. Using limited probability models, I find students are 29\%-34\% and 42\%-46\% more likely to repeat with a teacher whose Value-Added estimate is in the top 20\% of teacher-quality compared to a teacher in the bottom 20\% in math and reading, respectively. This nonrandom assignment of students to teachers, creates upward bias in the estimated achievement effects of repeating with a teacher that have previously been unaccounted for. In chapters 1 and 2, I account for nonrandom assignment finding non-significant gains in achievement associated with repeating with a teacher. While Chapter 1 finds non-significant gains to student achievement, Chapter 2 investigates if there are any non-cognitive gains students experience when they repeat with a teacher for another year. Using the same longitudinal data from the NCERDC, Chapter 2’s results indicate increases in character-trait measures associated with teacher and student perceptions of academic success and effort. Using multiple partial persistence VAMs that include controls for student heterogeneity and for teacher quality, the estimated effects on a teacher's subjective scoring of a student's academic success, student's anticipated grade for the year, and student attendance are all significantly greater than zero. Taken together, the positive effects from students repeating with the same teacher reveal themselves prevalently on character-trait improvements rather than on contemporaneous achievement scores. In Chapter 3, I investigate the causal direction of a popular policing policy. Although there are a large number of studies testing Broken Windows Theory (BWT) (Wilson & Kelling, 1982), the reverse theoretical pathway has never been assessed (risk perceptions predicting incivilities perceptions). It is estimated in Chapter 3 using panel data from Baltimore. Results show lagged, multilevel impacts of risk perceptions on changes in incivilities perceptions. Further, results show the impact of risk perceptions on seeing later changes in neighborhood problems varies significantly across street blocks. Findings support Harcourt’s (2001) assertion that “disorder” is not a fixed and unambiguous label; rather, it is dependent upon a person defining his or her surroundings. People who feel a high degree of crime risk are “biased” (Hipp, 2010; Wallace, 2011) toward defining neighborhood features as more problematic than those who do not.
Temple University--Theses
Cé, Nataly Araújo. "Measuring the effect of cathodic protection on the performance of thermally sprayed aluminium coatings at elevated temperature." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173316.
Full textThermally Sprayed Aluminium (TSA) is widely used in offshore facilities as sacrificial anode coating for carbon-steel risers and pipelines. Transportation and installation of those components can lead to small damages in the coating, which can expose the steel surface to the seawater. It is known that calcareous deposit is formed on the cathodically polarised steel surface. Thus, this research evaluated the TSA applied by twin wire arc spray system (TWAS) on S355J2+N carbon-steel when damage (holidays) is present in order to study the calcareous deposit formation on steel and acquire data regarding the TSA performance at high temperatures. Application of different conditions was also considered: presence of sealing; coating alloy (99.5%Al and Al-5%Mg) and buried/unburied conditions. Generally, two types of experiment were conducted – i) tests at free potential at steady temperatures (30, 60 and 90°C) and different holiday sizes (exposing 5, 10 and 20% of the steel surface) and ii) tests under thermal gradient where oil at ~125°C was added in polymeric tower and external water at ~10°C was in contact with the samples surface (both free potential and polarisation of -950 mVAg/AgCl were applied). Methodology of analyses included visual inspection, scanning electron microscope and X-ray Diffraction. From the tests at steady temperatures, the TSA reached a very good protective potential (-800 to -900 mVAg/AgCl) and little difference in results due to difference in TSA composition and holiday size was observed. Corrosion rates were kept between 0.02 and 0.01 mm/year. From the thermal gradient test under free potential, the coating loss and corrosion rates were 0.4 to 0.002 mm/year. Also, the potential achieved was in a lower range than previously obtained (-745 to -835 mVAg/AgCl). However, when TSA was combined with external cathodic protection and thermal gradient, the thickness of the TSA was satisfactory and corrosion rates obtained were below 0.076 mm/year. The calcareous deposit formed within the holiday protected the steel substrate against corrosion and its growth mechanism based in this research was built.
Park, Gyuhyeon. "Magneto-thermoelectric effects in magnetic metallic thin-films." 2021. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75789.
Full textNoky, Jonathan. "Anomalous electric, thermal, and thermoelectric transport in magnetic topological metals and semimetals." 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75712.
Full textIn recent years, the connection between topology and condensed matter resulted in the discovery of many interesting and exotic electronic effects. While in the beginning, the research was focused on gapped electronic systems like the topological insulator, more recently, topological semimetals are getting a lot of attention. The most well-known example is the Weyl semimetal, which hosts linear crossings of non-degenerate bands at arbitrary points in the Brillouin zone. Tied to these points there is a special quantum number called chirality, which enforces the existence of Weyl point pairs. These pairs are topologically protected and act as sources and sinks of the Berry curvature, a topological field in reciprocal space. This Berry curvature is directly connected to the anomalous Hall effect, which describes the emergence of a transverse voltage from a longitudinal current in a magnetic material. Analogously, there also exists the anomalous Nernst effect, where the longitudinal current is replaced by a thermal gradient. This effect allows for the conversion of heat into electrical energy and is also strongly tied to the Berry curvature. In this work, the anomalous transport effects are at first studied in fundamental model systems. Here, a combination of analytical and numerical methods is used to reveal quantizations in both the Hall, the Nernst, and the thermal Hall effects in two-dimensional systems with and without external magnetic fields. An expansion into three dimensions shows a quasi-quantization, where the conductivities take values of the respective two-dimensional quanta scaled by characteristic wavevectors. In the next step, several mechanisms for the generation of strong Berry curvature and thus large anomalous Hall and Nernst effects are studied in both model systems and real materials. This allows for the identification and isolation of promising effects in the simple models, where important features can be studied. The results can then be applied to the real materials, where the respective effects can be recognized. Here, both Weyl points and nodal lines in combination with magnetism are identified as promising features and material realizations are proposed in the class of Heusler compounds. These compounds are a very versatile class of materials, where among others also magnetic topological metals can be found. To get a deeper understanding of the anomalous transport effects as well as to derive guidelines for high-performance compounds, a high-throughput calculation of magnetic cubic full Heusler compounds was carried out. This calculation reveals the importance of mirror planes in magnetic materials for large anomalous Hall and Nernst effects and shows that some of the Heusler compounds outperform the highest so-far reported literature values in these effects. Also other interesting effects related to Weyl points are investigated. In the well-known Weyl semimetal NbP, the Weyl points have a high degeneracy due to the high symmetry of the crystal. However, the application of uniaxial strain reduces the symmetries and therefore lifts the degeneracies. A theoretical investigation shows, that the Weyl points are moved in energy under uniaxial strain and, more importantly, that at reasonable strain values they cross the Fermi level. This renders NbP a promising platform to further study Weyl physics. The theoretical results are combined with experimental measurements of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations under uniaxial strain and a good agreement with the theoretical results is found. As a first step in the direction of new ways of computation, an idea of a Weyl semimetal based chirality filter for electrons is investigated. At the interface of two Weyl semimetals, depending on the exact Weyl point parameters, it is possible to transmit only one chirality. Here, an effective geometrical model is established and employed for the investigation of real material interfaces. While in general, a filtering effect seems possible, the investigated materials did not show any suitable combination. Here, further studies can be made with the focus on either magnetic Weyl semimetals of multifold-fermion materials.:List of publications Preface 1. Theoretical background 1.1. Berry curvature and Weyl semimetals 1.1.1. From the adiabatic evolution to the Berry phase 1.1.2. From the Berry phase to the Berry curvature 1.1.3. Topological phases of condensed matter 1.1.4. Weyl semimetals 1.1.5. Dirac semimetals 1.1.6. Nodal line semimetals 1.2. Density-functional theory 1.2.1. Born-Oppenheimer approximation 1.2.2. Hohenberg-Kohn theorems 1.2.3. Kohn-Sham formalism 1.2.4. Exchange-correlation functional 1.2.5. Pseudopotentials 1.2.6. Basis functions 1.2.7. VASP 1.3. Tight-binding Hamiltonian from Wannier functions 1.3.1. Wannier functions 1.3.2. Constructing Wannier functions from DFT 1.3.3. Generating a Wannier tight-binding Hamiltonian 1.3.4. Necessity of the tight-binding Hamiltonian 1.4. Linear response theory 1.4.1. General introduction to linear response 1.4.2. Anomalous Hall effect 1.4.3. Anomalous Nernst effect 1.4.4. Anomalous thermal Hall effect 1.4.5. Common features of anomalous transport effects 1.4.6. Symmetry considerations for Berry curvature related transport effects 1.4.7. Magneto-optic Kerr effect 1.4.8. About the efficiency of the calculations 2. (Quasi-)Quantization in the Hall, thermal Hall, and Nernst effects 2.1. Quantization with an external magnetic field 2.1.1. Two-dimensional case 2.1.2. Three-dimensional case 2.2. Quantization without an external field 2.2.1. Two-dimensional case 2.2.2. Three-dimensional case . 2.3. A remark on the spin Hall effect 2.4. A remark on the quasi-quantization of the three-dimensional conductivities 2.5. Conclusions 3. Understanding anomalous transport 3.1. Anomalous transport without a net magnetic moment 3.1.1. Toy model 3.1.2. Ti2MnAl and related compounds 3.2. Large Berry curvature enhancement from nodal line gapping 3.2.1. Toy model 3.2.2. Fe2MnP and related compounds 3.2.3. Co2MnGa 3.3. Topological features away from the Fermi level and the anomalous Nernst effect 3.3.1. Toy model . 3.3.2. Co2FeGe and Co2FeSn 3.4. Conclusions 4. Heusler database calculation 4.1. Workflow 4.2. Importance of mirror planes 4.3. The right valence electron count 4.4. Correlation between anomalous Hall and Nernst effects 4.5. Selected special compounds 4.6. Conclusions 5. NbP under uniaxial strain 5.1. NbP and its symmetries 5.2. The influence of strain on the electronic structure 5.2.1. Shifting of the Weyl points 5.2.2. Splitting of the Fermi surfaces 5.3. Comparison with experimental results 5.4. Conclusions 6. A tunable chirality filter 6.1. Concept 6.2. Geometrical simplification and expansion for more Weyl points 6.3. Material selection 6.3.1. Workflow 6.3.2. Results for NbP and TaAs 6.3.3. Results for Ag2Se and Ag2S 6.4. Conclusions and perspective . Summary and outlook A. Numerical tricks A.1. Hamiltonian setup at several k points at once A.2. Precalculating prefactors B. Derivation of the conductivity (quasi-)quanta B.1. Two dimensions B.1.1. General formula and necessary approximations B.1.2. Useful integrals B.1.4. Quantized thermal Hall effect B.1.5. Quantized Nernst effect B.1.6. Flat bands and the Nernst effect B.2. Three dimensions B.2.1. General formula B.2.2. Three-dimensional electron gas B.2.3. Three-dimensional Weyl semimetal C. Heusler database tables D. Details on the NbP strain calculations E. Details on the geometrical matching procedure References List of abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables Acknowledgements Eigenständigkeitserklärung
Sun, Hang. "A detection method of metallic impurities (V, Ni, Fe) in coke and carbon anodes and their effect on anode reactivity." Thèse, 2017. http://constellation.uqac.ca/4513/1/Sun_uqac_0862N_10431.pdf.
Full textSarkar, Arunima. "Effect of coke properties on anode properties = Effet des propriétés du coke sur les propriétés d'anodes." Thèse, 2015. http://constellation.uqac.ca/3881/1/Sarkar_uqac_0862D_10186.pdf.
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