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1

Royall, Donald R., and Roderick K. Mahurin. "ECF Deficits and Anorectic Behavior." Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 39, no. 8 (1991): 840–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb02714.x.

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2

Trojanowska, Alina, Danuta Zarzycka, Paulina Trojanowska, Krystyna Bernat, Anna Bury, and Anna Ziętek. "Symptoms of anorectic behavior among teenagers." Pediatric Endocrinology 16, no. 4 (2017): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18544/ep-01.16.04.1682.

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3

Salbach-Andrae, Harriet, Nora Klinkowski, Martin Holzhausen, et al. "The German version of the Anorectic Behavior Observation Scale (ABOS)." European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 18, no. 5 (2009): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-008-0732-6.

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4

Vandereycken, W. "Validity and reliability of the Anorectic Behavior Observation Scale for parents." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 85, no. 2 (1992): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1992.tb01462.x.

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5

Foltin, R. W. "Effects of anorectic drugs on the topography of feeding behavior in baboons." Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 249, no. 1 (1989): 101–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3565(25)23223-2.

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6

Verhagen, Linda A. W., Mieneke C. M. Luijendijk, Jacquelien J. G. Hillebrand, and Roger A. H. Adan. "Dopamine antagonism inhibits anorectic behavior in an animal model for anorexia nervosa." European Neuropsychopharmacology 19, no. 3 (2009): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2008.09.005.

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7

Andreas, Schönherr, and Albrecht May Christian. "Influence of caloric vestibular stimulation on body experience of anorectic patients." International Journal of Case Studies 4, no. 1 (2015): 13–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3525609.

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Distorted body experience is a central aspect of anorexia nervosa. The distortion includes perceptual, cognitive, affective and behavioral components. Whereas body-based thoughts, emotions and behavior can be transformed by a standard therapy, the actual perceived body dimension can’t sufficiently be converted. Therefore, its persistence after normalizing of eating behavior can predict a relapse. Here we show that the body schema can be influenced by caloric vestibular stimulation. In two patients, showing a massive overestimation of their thigh’s width, the estimation after calori
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8

Mennella, Ilario, Gaëlle Boudry, and David Val-Laillet. "Ethanolamine Produced from Oleoylethanolamide Degradation Contributes to Acetylcholine/Dopamine Balance Modulating Eating Behavior." Journal of Nutrition 149, no. 3 (2019): 362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy281.

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Abstract Oleoylethanolamide is a well-recognized anorectic compound which also has noteworthy effects on food-reward, influencing the acetylcholine (ACh)/dopamine (DA) balance in the cholinergic system. After its administration, oleoylethanolamide is quickly degraded into oleic acid and ethanolamine. The effect of oleic acid on the gut–brain axis has been extensively investigated, whereas ethanolamine has received scarce attention. However, there is scattered evidence from old and recent research that has underlined the influence of ethanolamine on the cholinergic system. In the present articl
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9

Stanley, Sarah, Katie Wynne, and Steve Bloom. "Gastrointestinal Satiety Signals III. Glucagon-like peptide 1, oxyntomodulin, peptide YY, and pancreatic polypeptide." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 286, no. 5 (2004): G693—G697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00536.2003.

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Many peptides are synthesized and released from the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas, including pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and the products of the gastrointestinal L cells, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), oxyntomodulin, and peptide YY (PYY). Whereas their roles in regulation of gastrointestinal function have been known for some time, it is now evident that they also influence eating behavior. This review considers the anorectic peptides PYY, PP, GLP-1, and oxyntomodulin, which decrease appetite and promote satiety in both animal models and humans.
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10

Hulsey, Martin G., and Roy J. Martin. "An anorectic agent from adipose tissue of overfed rats: Effects on feeding behavior." Physiology & Behavior 52, no. 6 (1992): 1141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(92)90473-f.

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11

Fujitani, Mina, Takafumi Mizushige, Sudhashree Adhikari, Keshab Bhattarai, and Taro Kishida. "Mechanism of Soy Isoflavone Daidzein-Induced Female-Specific Anorectic Effect." Metabolites 12, no. 3 (2022): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12030252.

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Epidemiological studies suggest that regular intake of soy isoflavone exerts a preventive effect on postmenopausal obesity and other forms of dysmetabolism. Estrogens inhibit eating behavior. Soy isoflavones may act as estrogen agonist in estrogen-depleted conditions, whereas they may either act as an estrogen antagonist or be ineffective in estrogen-repleted conditions. We investigated the effects of dietary soy isoflavone on food intake under various estrogen conditions using male, ovariectomized (OVX), and non-OVX female rats, and compared the effects with those of estradiol. We found that
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12

Moreira, C. Q., M. JSS Faria, and E. G. Moreira. "Behavioral neurotoxicity in adolescent and adult mice exposed to fenproporex during pregnancy." Human & Experimental Toxicology 24, no. 8 (2005): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327105ht546oa.

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We investigated the effects of gestational exposure to fenproporex, one of the most used anorectic drugs in Brazil, on the behavior of adolescent and adult pups (30 and 60 days of age, respectively). Pregnant Swiss mice were treated daily, by gavage, with 15 mg/kg of fenproporex chloride or water during the whole gestational period. Male pups were submitted to open-field, forced swimming test, tail suspension test and fenproporexinduced stereotyped behavior. The results demonstrated that gestational exposure to fenproporex induces antidepressant-like effect and decreases fenproporexinduced ste
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13

Levata, Luka, Riccardo Dore, Olaf Jöhren, Markus Schwaninger, Carla Schulz, and Hendrik Lehnert. "Nesfatin-1 Acts Centrally to Induce Sympathetic Activation of Brown Adipose Tissue and Non-Shivering Thermogenesis." Hormone and Metabolic Research 51, no. 10 (2019): 678–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0985-4272.

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AbstractNesfatin-1 has originally been established as a bioactive peptide interacting with key hypothalamic nuclei and neural circuitries in control of feeding behavior, while its effect on energy expenditure has only recently been investigated. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine whether centrally acting nesfatin-1 can induce β3-adrenergic stimulation, which is a prerequisite for the activation of thermogenic genes and heat release from interscapular brown adipose tissue, key physiological features that underlie increased energy expenditure. This question was addressed in non-fasted m
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14

Feurté, Sebastien, Stylianos Nicolaïdis, and Kyriaki Gerozissis. "Is the Early Increase in Leptinemia One of the Anorectic Signals Induced by an Essential Amino Acid-Deficient Diet in the Rat?" Endocrinology 141, no. 10 (2000): 3916–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.141.10.7800.

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Abstract Rats start decreasing their food intake as early as 70 min after the first ingestion of a food deficient in threonine. A decrease of the limiting essential amino acid (EAA) in the plasma was proposed to be the first anorectic signal. Because many hormones regulate feeding behavior, we studied the effect of a meal (46 kJ) that was either devoid of threonine or was corrected for the deficiency, on plasma leptin, insulin and glucagon levels using a radio-immunoassay, at 0 to 180 min after the meal. One hour after ingestion of the threonine-devoid meal, a larger increase in insulinemia (2
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15

Glass, M. J., M. Grace, J. P. Cleary, C. J. Billington, and A. S. Levine. "Potency of naloxone's anorectic effect in rats is dependent on diet preference." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 271, no. 1 (1996): R217—R221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1996.271.1.r217.

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Modulation of feeding behavior by neuropeptide Y (NPY) and opioids is well established, but the possibility that these neural influences provoke specific appetites, NPY for carbohydrate and opioids for fat, has also been considered. In other studies, intake of standard chow after NPY stimulation can be blocked by naloxone, indicating an interaction between these systems in the regulation of feeding. The present experiments examined the nature of NPY-opioid interactions in diet selection. Rats were administered NPY and naloxone concurrently, then chose between high-fat and high-carbohydrate die
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16

Angel, Itzchak. "Central Receptors and Recognition Sites Mediating the Effects of Monoamines and Anorectic Drugs on Feeding Behavior." Clinical Neuropharmacology 13, no. 5 (1990): 361–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002826-199010000-00001.

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17

Pahl, J., K. M. Pirke, U. Schweiger, et al. "Anorectic behavior, mood, and metabolic and endocrine adaptation to starvation in anorexia nervosa during inpatient treatment." Biological Psychiatry 20, no. 8 (1985): 874–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(85)90213-6.

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18

Bergström, Ulrika, Charlotte Lindfors, Marie Svedberg, et al. "Reduced metabolism in the hypothalamus of the anorectic anx/anx mouse." Journal of Endocrinology 233, no. 1 (2017): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-16-0383.

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The anorectic anx/anx mouse exhibits a mitochondrial complex I dysfunction that is related to aberrant expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides and transmitters regulating food intake. Hypothalamic activity, i.e. neuronal firing and transmitter release, is dependent on glucose utilization and energy metabolism. To better understand the role of hypothalamic activity in anorexia, we assessed carbohydrate and high-energy phosphate metabolism, in vivo and in vitro, in the anx/anx hypothalamus. In the fasted state, hypothalamic glucose uptake in the anx/anx mouse was reduced by ~50% of that seen in
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19

Thiels, Cornelia, and Gerdamarie S. Schmitz. "Einschätzung kindlichen Essverhaltens durch die Eltern mit einer Kurzform der Anorectic Behaviour Observation Scale." Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie 37, no. 6 (2009): 525–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917.37.6.525.

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Fragestellung: Eignet sich die für klinische Fragestellungen entwickelte Anorectic Behavior Observation Scale (ABOS) zur Erfassung elterlicher Einschätzungen des Essverhaltens ihrer Kinder auch in epidemiologischen Feldstudien? Methodik: In einer Befragung von 1.057 SchülerInnen im Alter von 10 bis 17 Jahren füllten diese das Eating Disorder Inventory, Child Version (EDI-C) aus, die Eltern von 922 Kindern auch die ABOS. Sie besteht aus 30 Aussagen, die in drei Subskalen unterteilt sind: Auffälliges Essverhalten, Bulimieähnliches Verhalten und Hyperaktivität. Ergebnisse: Die Daten ließen psycho
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20

Brown, Juliette, Andrew Sagante, Thomas Mayer, et al. "Lateral Hypothalamic Area Neurotensin Neurons Are Required for Control of Orexin Neurons and Energy Balance." Endocrinology 159, no. 9 (2018): 3158–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2018-00311.

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Abstract The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) is essential for motivated ingestive and locomotor behaviors that impact body weight, yet it remains unclear how the neurochemically defined subpopulations of LHA neurons contribute to energy balance. In particular, the role of the large population of LHA neurotensin (Nts) neurons has remained ambiguous due to the lack of methods to easily visualize and modulate these neurons. Because LHA Nts neurons are activated by leptin and other anorectic cues and they modulate dopamine or local LHA orexin neurons implicated in energy balance, they may have imp
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21

Uehara, Toru, Kazuo Takeuchi, Ichiro Ohmori, et al. "Factor-analytic study of the Anorectic Behavior Observation Scale in Japan: comparisons with the original Belgian study." Psychiatry Research 111, no. 2-3 (2002): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1781(02)00143-9.

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22

Chichura, Kylie, Clinton Elfers, Therese Salameh, Ian Sweet, Christian Roth, and Prof Robert Doyle. "RF04 | PSUN295 Evolution of Monomeric Multi-Agonists of GLP-1 and NPY Receptors." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (2022): A418—A419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.871.

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Abstract Current treatments for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity do not reliably achieve long-term weight-loss and up to 50% of patients experience nausea and vomiting. Thus, there is a critical need for obesity medications that provide glycemic control with enhanced hypophagic response without nausea/emesis. Based on rational design and in silico modelling of the glucagon-like peptide 1-receptor agonist (GLP1RA) exendin-4 (Ex4) and the neuropeptide Y2 receptor (Y2R) agonist peptide YY (PYY) 3-36, we have developed and screeened several new monomeric chimeric peptides that display dual agonis
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23

Aja, Susan, Shirin Sahandy, Ellen E. Ladenheim, Gary J. Schwartz, and Timothy H. Moran. "Intracerebroventricular CART peptide reduces food intake and alters motor behavior at a hindbrain site." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 281, no. 6 (2001): R1862—R1867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.6.r1862.

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Peptides from cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) reduce food intake in rats when injected into the lateral ventricle. Hypothalamic and hindbrain sites important in the control of feeding contain CART-immunoreactive fibers. To further define the site of CART's anorectic action, we compared feeding and other behavioral responses to third or fourth ventricular (3V, 4V) CART-(55–102) in 6-h food-deprived rats, both before and after cerebral aqueduct occlusion. 3V CART reduced the volume of Ensure consumed and resulted in fewer observations of eating and grooming within the 30-min
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24

Martin, Jessica, and Elena Timofeeva. "Intermittent access to sucrose increases sucrose-licking activity and attenuates restraint stress-induced activation of the lateral septum." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 298, no. 5 (2010): R1383—R1398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00371.2009.

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Intermittent access to palatable food can attenuate anorectic and hormonal responses to stress in rats. The neuronal mechanisms of modulation of stress response by diets are not fully understood. The present study was conducted to create rat models with intermittent access to sucrose that demonstrate resistance to stress-induced hypophagia, to study the pattern of sucrose consumption by these rat models, and to investigate in which brain structures intermittent sucrose regimens modify stress-induced neuronal activation. The obtained results demonstrate that 6-wk intermittent access to sucrose
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25

Velasco, Cristina, Marta Conde-Sieira, Sara Comesaña, et al. "The long-chain fatty acid receptors FFA1 and FFA4 are involved in food intake regulation in fish brain." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 17 (2020): jeb227330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.227330.

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ABSTRACTWe hypothesized that the free fatty acid receptors FFA1 and FFA4 might be involved in the anorectic response observed in fish after rising levels of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) such as oleate. In one experiment we demonstrated that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) treatment of rainbow trout with FFA1 and FFA4 agonists elicited an anorectic response 2, 6 and 24 h after treatment. In a second experiment, the same i.c.v. treatment resulted after 2 h in an enhancement in the mRNA abundance of anorexigenic neuropeptides pomca1 and cartpt and a decrease in the values of orexigenic peptide
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26

Tecott, Laurence H., and Luna Abdallah. "Mouse Genetic Approaches to Feeding Regulation: Serotonin 5-HT2C Receptor Mutant Mice." CNS Spectrums 8, no. 8 (2003): 578–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s109285290001885x.

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ABSTRACTNeural mechanisms underlying the regulation of ingestive behavior and energy balance are well conserved among mammals. Many neural pathways, each reflecting the function of many genes, interact to regulate these processes. Systematic genetic perturbations are not feasible in humans—the examination of gene functions relevant to feeding regulation must be performed in other species. Many advances in this field have been made through molecular genetic studies of mice, the most genetically tractable of mammalian species. The relevance of mouse ingestive behavior to the mechanisms underlyin
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27

Nappo, Solange Aparecida, Elisaldo Araújo Carlini, Maria Dalva Araújo, and Lúcio Flávio Sousa Moreira. "Prescription of anorectic and benzodiazepine drugs through notification B prescriptions in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 46, no. 2 (2010): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502010000200017.

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A study was conducted on 22,158 special B prescriptions (notificações B) containing amphetamine-type anorectic drugs or benzodiazepines, obtained from compounding pharmacies or drugstores located in the city of Natal, RN, Brazil. The data obtained were compared with those from other Brazilian cities. Results showed that compounding pharmacies dispensed 85.4% of the prescriptions, indicating that these pharmacies filled out nearly 10 times more of these prescriptions than did the drugstores. The majority (83.5%) of B prescriptions issued for the compounding pharmacies were for women, where the
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28

Corsetti, James P., Judith A. Sterry, Janet D. Sparks, Charles E. Sparks, and Michael Weintraub. "Effect of weight loss on serum lipoprotein(a) concentrations in an obese population." Clinical Chemistry 37, no. 7 (1991): 1191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/37.7.1191.

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Abstract To assess the distribution of serum concentrations of the atherogenic lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] in an obese population and the possible effects of weight reduction, we determined Lp(a) in 52 white, moderately obese subjects (16 men and 36 women). The subjects were participating in a weight-reduction program of diet, exercise, and behavior modification plus combination anorectic drug therapy (fenfluramine and phentermine). This placebo-controlled, double-blind study lasted 104 weeks. We also determined concentrations of fasting insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipop
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29

Yakimova, A. V., and I. O. Marinkin. "Eating behavior and obesity of women: estrogens and anorexigenic effect of estradiol." Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology, no. 7 (September 27, 2021): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-191-7-74-80.

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Eating behavior is a complex interaction of physiological, psychological, social, and genetic factors that affect the time of eating, the amount of food consumed, and food preferences. Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the world and it is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. According to an analysis of 20 prospective studies, the years of life lost due to obesity have now exceeded the years of life lost due to smoking. The epidemic of obesity in the world determines the relevance of research aimed at identifying the factors that contribute to the emergence of this pathologic
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30

Boghossian, Stéphane, Karalee Lemmon, MieJung Park, and David A. York. "High-fat diets induce a rapid loss of the insulin anorectic response in the amygdala." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 297, no. 5 (2009): R1302—R1311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00252.2009.

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Intracerebroventricular insulin decreases food intake (FI) . The central bed nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), as other regions of the brain regulating feeding behavior, expresses insulin receptors. Our objectives were to show an insulin anorectic response in the amygdala, study the effect of high-fat diets on this response, and map the neural network activated by CeA insulin using c-Fos immunohistochemistry. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fitted with unilateral CeA cannulas were adapted to a low-fat (LFD) diet before they were fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Their feeding response to CeA saline or insulin
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31

Yue, Jianming, Dawei Guo, Xiuge Gao, et al. "Deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin)-Induced Anorexia Is Induced by the Release of Intestinal Hormones in Mice." Toxins 13, no. 8 (2021): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13080512.

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Deoxynivalenol (DON), also known as vomitoxin, is a mycotoxin that can cause antifeeding and vomiting in animals. However, the mechanism of DON inducing anorexia is complicated. Studies have shown that intestinal hormones play a significant part in the anorexia caused by DON. We adopted the “modeling of acute antifeeding in mice” as the basic experimental model, and used two methods of gavage and intraperitoneal injection to explore the effect of intestinal hormones on the antifeedant response induced by DON in mice. We found that 1 and 2.5 mg/kg·bw of DON can acutely induce anorexia and incre
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32

Thiele, T. E., G. Van Dijk, L. A. Campfield, et al. "Central infusion of GLP-1, but not leptin, produces conditioned taste aversions in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 272, no. 2 (1997): R726—R730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.272.2.r726.

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Leptin (ob protein) and glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide (GLP-1) are peptides recently proposed to be involved in the regulation of food intake. Although the ability of exogenous leptin and GLP-1 to modulate consummatory behavior is consistent with the suggestion that these peptides are endogenous regulatory agents, central administration of these peptides may have aversive side effects, which could explain the anorexia. In the present experiment, exposure to a saccharine taste was immediately followed by central administration of leptin or GLP-1 to determine if these drugs could produce a
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33

Hsieh, Yih-Shou, Shun-Fa Yang, Shu-Chen Chu, and Dong-Yih Kuo. "Transcript of protein kinase A knock-down modulates feeding behavior and neuropeptide Y gene expression in phenylpropanolamine-treated rats." Physiological Genomics 31, no. 2 (2007): 306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00110.2007.

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Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an appetite-controlling neuromodulator that contributes to the appetite-suppressing effect of phenylpropanolamine (PPA). Aims of this study were to investigate whether protein kinase A (PKA) signaling is involved in regulating NPY gene expression and PPA-induced anorexia. Rats were given daily with PPA for 5 days. Changes in daily food intake and hypothalamic NPY, PKA, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression were measured and compared. To further determine if PKA was involved, intracerebroventricular infusions of ant
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34

Wang, ChuanFeng, Eric Bomberg, Allen Levine, Charles Billington, and Catherine M. Kotz. "Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus reduces energy intake." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 293, no. 3 (2007): R1037—R1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00125.2007.

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Recent studies show that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) decreases feeding and body weight after peripheral and ventricular administration. BDNF mRNA and protein, and its receptor TrkB, are widely distributed in the hypothalamus and other brain regions. However, there are few reports on specific brain sites of actions for BDNF. We evaluated the effect of BDNF, given into the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH), on normal and deprivation- and neuropeptide Y (NPY)-induced feeding behavior and body weight. BDNF injected unilaterally or bilaterally into the VMH of food-deprived
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35

Garattini, S., T. Mennini, and R. Samanin. "Reduction of Food Intake by Manipulation of Central Serotonin Current Experimental Results." British Journal of Psychiatry 155, S8 (1989): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000291757.

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Serotonergic anorectics are correctly defined only if they enhance 5-HT transmission and have their anorectic effects inhibited by drugs that block 5-HT receptors. Fenfluramine, the prototype indirect 5-HT agonist, and its metabolite, norfenfluramine, act as 5-HT releasers and uptake inhibitors and are both more effective in the dextro form. They lack the stimulant activity and do not cause hyperthermia or stereotypical behaviour as is characteristic of amphetamines. The anorectic effect of those drugs is attenuated by metergoline, a 5-HT receptor antagonist, in animals and man; 5-HT uptake in
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36

Laporta-Herrero, Isabel, and Patricia Latorre. "Do parents perceive the abnormal eating attitudes of their adolescent children with anorexia nervosa?" Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 25, no. 1 (2019): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359104519864121.

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Parents are often the first to detect the initial signs of anorexia nervosa (AN) and take necessary measures to ensure that their children receive appropriate treatment. The evaluation of AN in adolescence is complicated by taking into account the tendency to minimize and deny the symptoms by adolescents, and the difficulty of parents in detecting the main symptoms. We compared the adolescent and parent scores on measures of disordered eating at initial presentation. The sample consisted of 62 adolescents diagnosed with AN, who attended an eating disorder children’s unit. Adolescents completed
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37

Aldhshan, Muhammad, and Tooru Mizuno. "Environmental Enrichment Potentiates Glucose-Induced Anorexia in Mice." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.089.

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Abstract The hypothalamus controls food intake and metabolism by integrating nutrient and hormonal signals from peripheral tissues. Both central and peripheral administration of glucose leads to a reduction in food intake in rodents. Similarly, administration of the adipocyte hormone leptin or the gastrointestinal hormone xenin reduces food intake. In contrast, impairments in hypothalamic signaling of these factors cause hyperphagia and obesity in rodents and humans. Environmental factors affect behavior including feeding behavior and energy metabolism in rodents and humans. Studies have found
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38

Kotańska, Magdalena, Kamil Mika, Małgorzata Szafarz, et al. "Effects of GPR18 Ligands on Body Weight and Metabolic Parameters in a Female Rat Model of Excessive Eating." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 3 (2021): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14030270.

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GPR18 has been proposed to play a role in the progression of metabolic disease and obesity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of selective GRP18 ligands (the antagonists PSB-CB5 and PSB-CB27 and the agonist PSB-KK1415) on body mass and the development of metabolic disorders commonly accompanying obesity. Experiments were carried out on female Wistar rats. In order to determine the anorectic activity of the investigated ligands, their effect on food and water intake in a model of excessive eating was assessed. Lipid profile, glucose and insulin levels as well as alan
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Wettschureck, N., A. Moers, B. Wallenwein, A. F. Parlow, C. Maser-Gluth, and S. Offermanns. "Loss of Gq/11 Family G Proteins in the Nervous System Causes Pituitary Somatotroph Hypoplasia and Dwarfism in Mice." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 5 (2005): 1942–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.5.1942-1948.2005.

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ABSTRACT Heterotrimeric G proteins of the Gq/11 family transduce signals from a variety of neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and have therefore been implicated in various functions of the nervous system. Using the Cre/loxP system, we generated mice which lack the genes coding for the α subunits of the two main members of the Gq/11 family, gnaq and gna11, selectively in neuronal and glial precursor cells. Mice with defective gnaq and gna11 genes were morphologically normal, but they died shortly after birth. Mice carrying a single gna11 allele survived the early postnatal period but died w
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Wang, ChuanFeng, Eric Bomberg, Charles Billington, Allen Levine, and Catherine M. Kotz. "Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus reduces energy intake." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 293, no. 3 (2007): R1003—R1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00011.2007.

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Recent studies show that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) decreases feeding and body weight after peripheral and ventricular administration. BDNF mRNA and protein, and its receptor tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) are widely distributed in the hypothalamus and other brain regions. However, there are few reports on specific brain sites of actions for BDNF. We evaluated the effect of BDNF in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) on feeding. BDNF injected unilaterally or bilaterally into the PVN of food-deprived and nondeprived rats significantly decreased feeding and body weight gain wi
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Verty, A. N. A., J. R. McFarlane, I. S. McGregor, and P. E. Mallet. "Evidence for an Interaction between CB1 Cannabinoid and Melanocortin MCR-4 Receptors in Regulating Food Intake." Endocrinology 145, no. 7 (2004): 3224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-0059.

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Abstract Melanocortin receptor 4 (MCR4) and CB1 cannabinoid receptors independently modulate food intake. Although an interaction between the cannabinoid and melanocortin systems has been found in recovery from hemorrhagic shock, the interaction between these systems in modulating food intake has not yet been examined. The present study had two primary purposes: 1) to examine whether the cannabinoid and melanocortin systems act independently or synergistically in suppressing food intake; and 2) to determine the relative position of the CB1 receptors in the chain of control of food intake in re
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Tezenas Du Montcel, C. "Dysregulated metabolic sensing of appetite in anorexia nervosa: implications of LEAP-2 regulation." European Psychiatry 67, S1 (2024): S5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.34.

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AbstractGrowing interests on the role of metabolic sensors in anorexia nervosa led to implicate metabolic sensing as consequences of anorectic sensing but also in the perpetuation of the disorder. Ghrelin is an orexigenic peptide secreted by the fundic cells of the stomach in situation of fasting and kown to initiate food intake through its activity on hypothalamic and motivation aspect of food intake. A body opf evidenc previously showed that patients suffering from anorexia nervosa display high plasma levels of ghrelin correlated with the nutritionnal status but his orexigenic signal do not
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Morais, Tiago, Sofia S. Pereira, Sara Andrade, et al. "GLP-1 Increases Circulating Leptin Levels in Truncal Vagotomized Rats." Biomedicines 11, no. 5 (2023): 1322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051322.

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GLP-1 is a gastro-intestinal hormone acting within the gut/brain axis for energy balance regulation. We aimed to evaluate the role of the vagus nerve in whole-body energy homeostasis and in mediating GLP-1 effects. For this, rats submitted to truncal vagotomy and sham-operated controls underwent a comprehensive evaluation, including eating behavior, body weight, percentage of white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), resting energy expenditure (REE) and acute response to GLP-1. Truncal vagotomized rats had significantly lower food intake, body weight, body weight gain, WAT and BAT, with a hi
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Mooring, Michael S., and W. M. Samuel. "Premature loss of winter hair in free-ranging moose (Alces alces) infested with winter ticks (Dermacentor albipictus) is correlated with grooming rate." Canadian Journal of Zoology 77, no. 1 (1999): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z98-201.

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Premature loss of winter hair coat can be a serious problem for moose (Alces alces), possibly leading to escalated heat loss and depleted reserves. Studies of captive moose have indicated that premature winter hair loss is associated with infestation by winter ticks (Dermacentor albipictus), and the extent of hair loss is associated with grooming efforts directed at removing the ticks. In this study we observed the grooming behaviour and hair-loss patterns of wild moose throughout the winter to test the prediction that the extent of hair loss would be positively correlated with the rate of gro
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Gombač, M., M. Seničar, T. Švara, et al. "Sudden outbreak of metastatic intestinal adenocarcinoma in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 144 (May 27, 2021): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao03592.

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Intestinal adenocarcinomas are uncommon in fishes. To date, they have been reported in zebrafish Danio rerio, blue gularis Fundulopanchax sjostedti, koi carp Cyprinus carpio koi, Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Metastases are even rarer and have been observed so far at very low prevalence, only in feed-induced adenocarcinoma in Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout. Intestinal adenocarcinoma with liver and heart metastases and mesenteric invasion was found in approximately 33% of 4 yr old rainbow trout from a Slovene hatchery with 2000 breeding trout. During stri
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Velasco, Cristina, Kruno Bonacic, José L. Soengas, and Sofia Morais. "Orally administered fatty acids enhance anorectic potential but do not activate central fatty acid sensing in Senegalese sole post-larvae." Journal of Experimental Biology 220, no. 4 (2016): 677–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.150979.

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Mattace Raso, G., A. Santoro, R. Russo, et al. "Palmitoylethanolamide Prevents Metabolic Alterations and Restores Leptin Sensitivity in Ovariectomized Rats." Endocrinology 155, no. 4 (2014): 1291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2013-1823.

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It has been suggested a role of fatty acid ethanolamides in control of feeding behavior. Among these, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) has not been directly implicated in appetite regulation and weight gain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PEA on food intake and body weight and the interaction between PEA and hypothalamic leptin signaling in ovariectomized rats. Ovariectomy produced hyperphagia and increased weight gain, making it an useful model of mild obesity. Ovariectomized rats were treated with PEA (30 mg/kg sc) for 5 weeks. Then, blood was collected, and hypothalamus a
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Psilopanagioti, Aristea, Sofia Nikou, Souzana Logotheti, Marina Arbi, Dionysios V. Chartoumpekis, and Helen Papadaki. "Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor in the Human Hypothalamus Is Associated with Body Mass Index and Colocalizes with the Anorexigenic Neuropeptide Nucleobindin-2/Nesfatin-1." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23 (2022): 14899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314899.

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Data on animals emphasize the importance of the neuronal glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor (GLP-1R) for feeding suppression, although it is unclear whether astrocytes participate in the transduction of anorectic GLP-1R-dependent signals. In humans, the brain circuitry underlying these effects remains insufficiently investigated. The present study aimed to explore GLP-1R protein expression in the human hypothalamus and its correlation with body mass index (BMI). Sections of hypothalamus from 28 autopsy cases, 11 with normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2) and 17 with non-normal weight (BMI ≥
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Day, Cheryl. "Does my bum look big in this? Reconsidering anorexia nervosa within the culture context of 20th century Australia." Surveillance & Society 6, no. 2 (2009): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v6i2.3254.

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Anorexia Nervosa is a mental health issue that has a history over many centuries, but has relatively recently been identified as a ‘real’ mental illness. A condition that predominantly afflicts young, middle class women it had long been subsumed among the ‘natural weaknesses’ of women, not unlike the manner in which ‘Hysteria’ was diagnosed within the Freudian understanding of women’s health. However, since the 1970s, and especially with the deaths of some high profile young women it has undergone a reassessment. While clinical understandings of Anorexia Nervosa remain contentious, there is an
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Kotańska, Magdalena, Monika Zadrożna, Monika Kubacka, et al. "The Effect of KSK-94, a Dual Histamine H3 and Sigma-2 Receptor Ligand, on Adipose Tissue in a Rat Model of Developing Obesity." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 7 (2024): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17070858.

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Background: Numerous studies highlight the critical role that neural histamine plays in feeding behavior, which is controlled by central histamine H3 and H1 receptors. This is the fundamental motivation for the increased interest in creating histamine H3 receptor antagonists as anti-obesity medications. On the other hand, multiple other neurotransmitter systems have been identified as pharmacotherapeutic targets for obesity, including sigma-2 receptor systems. Interestingly, in our previous studies in the rat excessive eating model, we demonstrated a significant reduction in the development of
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