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Sumer, Horuz, and Aysan Yesim. "Biological control of watermelon seedling blight caused by Acidovorax citrulli using antagonistic bacteria from the genera Curtobacterium, Microbacterium and Pseudomonas." Plant Protection Science 54, No. 3 (May 15, 2018): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/168/2016-pps.
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The biological control of the watermelon seedling blight and fruit blotch disease was investigated by screening the potential use of antagonistic bacteria. Between May and August 2012, totally 322 putative antagonistic bacteria were isolated from symptomless melon and watermelon plants grown in Adana, Hatay, and Osmaniye provinces of the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. In vitro dual culture tests showed that 54 out of 322 strains inhibited the Acidovorax citrulli (Ac) growth with an appearance of clear zones between 2.3 and 27.0 mm in diameter. However, the remaining 268 strains did not exhibit any antagonistic activity against Ac. Seed treatments with fourteen individual antagonistic bacteria resulted in a significant reduction in disease incidence (DI) and severity (DS) ranging between 14.06–79.47% and between 4.57–41.49%, respectively. The bacteria Pseudomonas oryzihabitans (Antg-12), Microbacterium oxydans (Antg-57), Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens (Antg-198), and Pseudomonas fluorescens (Antg-273) were the most potent antagonistic bacterial isolates which reduced DI and DS as compared to the untreated control. This study suggested the potential of bacterial antagonists Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens, Microbacterium oxydans, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, and Pseudomonas fluorescens for the biocontrol of Ac-induced bacterial fruit blotch (BFB).
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Semenov, A. V., A. V. Sgibnev, S. V. Cherkasov, and O. V. Bukharin. "Bacterial regulation of antagonistic activity of bacteria." Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine 144, no. 5 (November 2007): 702–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10517-007-0410-6.
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Nayak, Shubhransu. "Potential Bacterial Antagonists from Cowshed Air for the Management of Fusarium Pathogens in Stored Rice." Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 5, no. 5 (2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000178.
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Rice is the principal staple food for more than half population of earth which is infested by many pathogens including Fusarium . Numbers of Fusarium species are responsible for causing pathogenic implications in rice like bakanae, rot, blight, etc. Majority of them produce mycotoxins which are responsible for human and animal toxicity and the cause of cancer disease. Adoption of biological control methods utilizing microbial antagonists might be an eco-friendly option. Bacterial species including Bacillus species have been isolated from various sources for utilisation as biocontrol agents to combat crop pathogens. Cow dung and the cow shed air have been a good source of such antagonistic bacteria. Hence, in the current study eighteen bacteria (BC1 to BC18) including Bacillus species have been isolated from cow shed air and paddy seeds stored in cowshed of Odisha, India. Bacteria isolated from domestic cowshed showed excellent inhibitory capacity than those of commercial cowshed against pathogenic Fusarium F90 and pathogenic as well as fumonisin producing Fusarium F55. Non-fumonisin producer Fusarium F90 was inhibited relatively with higher degree by all the antagonistic bacteria even it was completely suppressed by BC6 after three days of interaction. Paddy seeds stored in cowshed were found to be saturated with cowshed antagonistic bacteria. These bacterial antagonists hold potential to be utilized as Biological Control Agents (BCA) for safeguarding rice production. Investigation on more number of bacterial species from more cowsheds will definitely give more insights in the pattern and mode of inhibition.
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PRAZDNOVA, E. V., A. V. GOROVTSOV, V. A. CHISTYAKOV, N. G. VASILCHENKO, and L. E. KUKHARENKO. "THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL TYPE AND PRECEDING CROP ON THE SUPPRESSION OF FUSARIUM BY INDIGENOUS SPORE-FORMING BACTERIA." Periódico Tchê Química 16, no. 33 (March 20, 2019): 225–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v16.n33.2019.240_periodico33_pgs_225_240.pdf.
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Restoring and improving soil fertility, increasing the productivity of cultivated plants is one of the objectives of agricultural production. The aim of the present work was to study the antagonistic interactions between the soil bacteria of the order Bacillales and phytopathogenic fungi. The spore-forming soil bacteria attract increasing interest as biocontrol agents, but little is known about the influence of local soil conditions on the development of antagonism in indigenous bacterial strains. This can lead to unsuccessful attempts of bacterial antagonists isolation. To determine the sequences of primary nucleotide DNA, the authors used the Sanger sequencing method, the detection of sequencing products was performed automatically, using themethod of capillary electrophoresis. Homology of at least 97% was considered as the criterion for classifying a microorganism as a certain species. This study presents new data on the influence of soil type and preceding crop on the level of antagonism against Fusarium and Plectosphaerella. The results show that both the soil type and preceding crop influence the fungal-bacterial antagonistic interactions. The strongest antagonistic activity among all bacterial isolates was found in bacteria isolated from AlbicPhaeozem. The highest antagonistic activity against F. graminearum was shown by strains that were isolated from soils on which winter wheat was the preceding crop.
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Nur Aeny, Titik, Radix Suharjo, and Subli Mujim. "SKRINING BAKTERI ANTAGONIS RALSTONIA SP., PENYEBAB PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI PISANG DI LAMPUNG." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 7, no. 2 (September 13, 2007): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.27100-110.
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Screening on Antagonistic Bacteria of Ralstonia sp., the Causal Agent of Banana Bacterial Wilt in Lampung. This study was conducted on May to October 2006. This study was aimed to screen and collect potential bacterial antagonists toward Ralstonia sp., the causal agent of banana bacterial wilt; to identify the collected potential antagonists, and to test the capability of the bacterial antagonist in vitro. A survey to collect soil samples was conducted in 5 districts in Lampung, namely Bandar Lampung, Lampung Selatan, Tanggamus, Lampung Utara, Lampung Tengah, and Lampung Timur. Identification and test of the antagonistic capability was done in the Plant Disease Laboratory, University of Lampung. Identification of the antagonist bacteria was done through several biochemical tests i.e. : gram reaction, hypersensitive reaction on tobacco, oxidative-fermentative, colony color on YDC medium, fluoresence, nitrate reduction, gelatin reduction and starch hydrolise. The results were then compared to the guidelines of bacterial identification. Twenty one soil samples were collected from those surveyed areas to isolate antagonist bacteria, and 104 isolates were found to be antagonistic to Ralstonia sp.. Based on the biochemical tests, it was showed that 59 isolates were in the group of fluorecent pseudomonad and 45 ones were still unidentified. Out of 104 isolates found, 41 isolates have the ability to inhibit the growth of Ralstonia sp.
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Long, Richard A., and Farooq Azam. "Antagonistic Interactions among Marine Pelagic Bacteria." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 4975–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.11.4975-4983.2001.
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ABSTRACT Recent studies suggest that bacterial abundance and species diversity in the ocean's water column are variable at the millimeter scale, apparently in response to the small-scale heterogeneity in the distribution of organic matter. We hypothesized that bacterium-bacterium antagonistic interactions may contribute to variations in community structure at the microscale. We examined each of the 86 isolates for their inhibition of growth of the remaining 85 isolates by the Burkholder agar diffusion assay. More than one-half of the isolates expressed antagonistic activity, and this trait was more common with particle-associated bacteria than with free-living bacteria. This was exemplified by members of the α subclass of the class Proteobacteria (α-proteobacteria), in which production of antagonistic molecules was dominated by attached bacteria. We found that γ-proteobacteria (members of the ordersAlteromonadales and Vibrionales) are the most prolific producers of inhibitory materials and also the most resilient to them, while members of the Bacteriodetes were the organisms that were least productive and most sensitive to antagonistic interactions. Widespread interspecies growth inhibition is consistent with the role of this phenomenon in structuring bacterial communities at the microscale. Furthermore, our results suggest that bacteria from pelagic marine particles may be an underutilized source of novel antibiotics.
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Maknunah, Jauharoh, and Meity Suradji Sinaga. "Eksplorasi dan Karakterisasi Khamir dan Bakteri sebagai Agens Antagonis terhadap Penyebab Penyakit Blas pada Padi." Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia 14, no. 3 (October 11, 2018): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14692/jfi.14.3.83.
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Exploration of Yeasts and Bacteria as Antagonist Agent of Rice Blast PathogenBlast disease (Pyricularia oryzae) is a major disease of rice that causes 61% yield losses. An alternative way to control the disease is applying antagonistic agents, both yeasts and bacteria. This study was aimed to obtain yeast and bacterial isolates that can be used as antagonistic agents to effectively control blast disease. Yeasts and bacteria were isolated from the leaves of Digitaria sp., Panicum sp., and Pennisetum sp.. The isolates of yeasts and bacteria were screened following hypersensitive test on tobacco leaves, direct planting method test on ‘Ciherang’ rice seed, and hemolysis test on blood agar medium. The isolates were also further assayed for their antagonism through dual culture test, volatile compound test, hyperparasitism test, and chitinolytic activity test. Three isolates of yeast, i.e. Cryptococcus sp., Rhodotorula sp., and Candida sp., and two bacterial isolates, i.e. Bacillus sp. and isolate PPY were identified as potential antagonists of P. oryzae.
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Patkowska, E., and M. Konopiński. "Antagonistic bacteria in the soil after cover crops cultivation." Plant, Soil and Environment 60, No. 2 (February 18, 2014): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/774/2013-pse.
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The purpose of the studies was to establish the quantitative composition of bacteria Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. and their antagonistic effect towards soil-borne fungi after the cultivation of oats, spring vetch and tansy phacelia as intercrop cover plants. The total population of bacteria in 1 g dry weight of the soil from the experimental combination where mulch of oats was used was larger than in the combination with spring vetch or tansy phacelia. Totally, approximately three times as much Bacillus spp. was obtained from soil samples as compared to Pseudomonas spp. Tests showed that the most isolates of antagonistic bacteria out of the enumerated genera occurred in the soil after oats cultivation, and the least in the soil after the cultivation of tansy phacelia. Antagonistic Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. inhibited the growth and development of Fusarium oxysporum, Haematonectria haematococca and Thanatephorus cucumeris in the most effective way. The greatest total antagonistic effect of Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. towards Altenaria alternata, F. culmorum, F. oxysporum, H. haematococca, P. irregulare and T. cucumeris was found out after managing the mulch of oats. The smallest total antagonistic effect of bacteria was observed after managing the mulch of tansy phacelia.
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Halim, Rashidah Abd, Nor'Aishah Hasan, and Kogeethavani Ramachandran. "Screening of Endophytic Bacteria as Biocontrol Agents Against Bacteria Leaf Blight (Xanthomonas oryzae)." HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 27, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.4308/hjb.27.3.215.
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Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is one of major threats in rice production as it can cause 100% yield loss. Concern on the environment and human health has led an attempt to replace existing methods of chemical control and avoid extensive use of bactericides by using endophytic bacteria. The present study was conducted to screen and characterize bacteria isolated from different sources that has potential as antagonistic bacteria against Xanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight of paddy. Two hundred and thirty-three endophytic bacteria were successfully isolated from roots and leaves from paddy field. Only 17 endophytic bacterial isolates showed positive antagonistic activity indicated by inhibition zone around bacterial colony against Xoo on nutrient agar plate with 2 endophytic isolates (BCA 3 and BCA 12) showed highest inhibitory effect with 35±0.00 mm in diameter. Molecular identification by 16S rRNA amplification successfully identified the antagonistic endophytic bacteria as Pseudomonas fluorescensand Geobacillus thermoparaffinivorans. Findings in this study revealed the biocontrol abilities of isolated endophytes as an excellent option to be used by agriculture sectors to have sustainable environment.
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Krechel, Annette, Annekathrin Faupel, Johannes Hallmann, Andreas Ulrich, and Gabriele Berg. "Potato-associated bacteria and their antagonistic potential towards plant-pathogenic fungi and the plant-parasitic nematodeMeloidogyne incognita(Kofoid & White) Chitwood." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 48, no. 9 (September 1, 2002): 772–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w02-071.
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To study the effect of microenvironments on potato-associated bacteria, the abundance and diversity of bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere, phyllosphere, endorhiza, and endosphere of field grown potato was analyzed. Culturable bacteria were obtained after plating on R2A medium. The endophytic populations averaged 103and 105CFU/g (fresh wt.) for the endosphere and endorhiza, respectively, which were lower than those for the ectophytic microenvironments, with 105and 107CFU/g (fresh wt.) for the phyllosphere and rhizosphere, respectively. The composition and richness of bacterial species was microenvironment-dependent. The occurrence and diversity of potato-associated bacteria was additionally monitored by a cultivation-independent approach using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16S rDNA. The patterns obtained revealed a high heterogeneity of community composition and suggested the existence of microenvironment-specific communities. In an approach to measure the antagonistic potential of potato-associated bacteria, a total of 440 bacteria was screened by dual testing for in vitro antagonism towards the soilborne pathogens Verticillium dahliae and Rhizoctonia solani. The proportion of isolates with antagonistic activity was highest for the rhizosphere (10%), followed by the endorhiza (9%), phyllosphere (6%), and endosphere (5%). All 33 fungal antagonists were characterized by testing their in vitro antagonistic mechanisms, including their glucanolytic, chitinolytic, pectinolytic, cellulolytic, and proteolytic activity, and by their BOX-PCR fingerprints. In addition, they were screened for their biocontrol activity against Meloidogyne incognita. Overall, nine isolates belonging to Pseudomonas and Streptomyces species were found to control both fungal pathogens and M. incognita and were therefore considered as promising biological control agents. Key words: biocontrol, antagonistic potential, plant-associated bacteria.
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Kok, C. J. (Hans), Artemis Papert, and C. B. (Chula) Bok-A-Bin. "Microflora of Meloidogyne egg masses: species composition, population density and effect on the biocontrol agent Verticillium chlamydosporium (Goddard)." Nematology 3, no. 8 (2001): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854101753625236.
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AbstractEgg masses of Meloidogyne fallax from tomato and potato growing in soil from a nematode suppressive and a nonsuppressive field sustained bacterial population densities two to three orders of magnitude higher than those of the rhizosphere soil. BIOLOG metabolic profiling identified 16 bacterial species from egg masses. Results further indicated 20 species not listed in the BIOLOG database. 122 isolates of bacteria and 19 isolates of fungi from M. fallax or M. hapla were tested for in vitro antagonism against the nematode egg parasitic fungus Verticillium chlamydosporium: 23% of the bacteria and 74% of the fungi showed antagonistic activity. Pseudomonads showed an overall stronger antagonistic activity than the other bacteria. Our conclusions are that Meloidogyne egg masses are a densely populated microbial niche and that their microflora may well be an important factor in determining the success of nematode antagonists. However, we could not find a relationship between the egg mass microflora and differences in soil suppressiveness between the sample sites.
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Samaneh, Samavat, Asghar Heydari, Hamid Reza Zamanizadeh, Saeed Rezaee, and Ali Alizadeh Aliabadi. "A comparison between Pseudomonas aureofaciens (chlororaphis) and P. fluorescens in biological control of cotton seedling damping-off disease." Journal of Plant Protection Research 54, no. 2 (July 8, 2014): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jppr-2014-0019.
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Abstract Due to the importance of the biological control of plant diseases, testing and introducing new biocontrol-active microorganisms is a major concern among plant pathologists. The causal agent of cotton seedling damping-off disease is Rhizoctonia solani. In this regard, we tried to investigate the antagonistic activities of Pseudomonas aureofaciens (chlororaphis) 30–84 (phenazine producing wild type and non-phenazine producing mutant) strains on R. solani, in comparison with some isolates of P. fluorescent under both in vitro (laboratory) and in vivo (greenhouse) conditions. In the laboratory experiment, the inhibitory effects of all the bacteria, on the growth of R. solani, were evaluated using the dual culture procedure. Results showed that five isolates of P. fluorescent along with both strains of P. aureofaciens significantly inhibited the growth of R. solani. Effective bacterial antagonists were then evaluated in a greenhouse experiment where cotton seeds were coated with their suspensions and were sown in pasteurised field-soil. The soil had been pre-inoculated with a virulent isolate of R. solani. The efficacy of the bacterial antagonists was evaluated by counting the number of surviving seedlings in different treatments, at 15 and 60 days after sowing, for determining pre- and post-emergence damping-off incidence. According to the results of the greenhouse experiment, at both intervals, two isolates of P. fluorescens along with both strains of P. aureofaciens caused significant increases in the number of healthy seedlings, in comparison with the untreated control, and a commonly used fungicide (carboxin-thiram). The efficacy of phenazine producing a wild type strain of P. aureofaciens was higher than its non-phenazine producing mutant, indicating that phenazine plays an important role in the antagonistic activity of P. aureofaciens. Effective bacterial antagonists were then studied for their antagonistic mechanisms. The results showed that all four bacteria employed different mechanisms. The bacteria produced siderophore, and volatile metabolites and non-volatile metabolites, in their antagonistic activities. The results of this study suggest that P. auerofaciens may be a new biocontrol agent for controlling cotton seedling mortality disease.
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Luo, Meiqing, Hannah Purdy, and Tyler J. Avis. "Compost bacteria provide antifungal activity against grey mold andAlternariarot on bell pepper fruit." Botany 97, no. 3 (March 2019): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2018-0180.
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Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit are susceptible to various molds, including grey mold and Alternaria rot. In this work, antagonistic bacteria isolated from disease-suppressive composts were assessed for their ability to reduce the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea Persoon and Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler as well as to suppress grey mold and Alternaria rot on bell pepper. Results showed that different bacterial antagonists reduced mycelial growth of B. cinerea and A. alternata by up to 49% and 53%, respectively. The bacteria provided inhibition of grey mold, reducing incidence and severity by as much as 43% and 67%, respectively. The isolates also provided strong inhibitory effects against Alternaria rot, decreasing incidence and severity by as much as 77% and 80%, respectively. Pseudomonas and Arthrobacter spp. were particularly suppressive to Alternaria rot. Results of this study suggest antagonistic bacteria may represent a potential method for controlling fruit rot of bell pepper.
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Beasley, D. R., D. C. Joyce, L. M. Coates, and A. H. Wearing. "Saprophytic microorganisms with potential for biological control of Botrytis cinerea on Geraldton waxflower flowers." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41, no. 5 (2001): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00112.
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Saprophytic bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi were isolated from Geraldton waxflower flowers and screened to identify potential antagonism towards Botrytis cinerea. Isolates from other sources (e.g. avocado) were also tested. Isolates were initially screened in vitro for inhibition of B. cinerea conidial germination, germ tube elongation and mycelial growth. The most antagonistic bacteria, yeasts and fungi were selected for further testing on detached waxflower flowers. Conidia of the pathogen were mixed with conidia or cells of the selected antagonists, co-inoculated onto waxflower flowers, and the flowers were sealed in glass jars and incubated at 20˚C. The number of days required for the pathogen to cause flower abscission was determined. The most antagonistic bacterial isolate, Pseudomonas sp. 677, significantly reduced conidial germination and retarded germ tube elongation of B. cinerea. None of the yeast or fungal isolates tested was found to significantly reduce conidial germination or retard germ tube elongation, but several significantly inhibited growth of B. cinerea. Fusarium sp., Epicoccum sp. and Trichoderma spp. were the most antagonistic of these isolates. Of the isolates tested on waxflower, Pseudomonas sp. 677 was highly antagonistic towards B. cinerea and delayed waxflower abscission by about 3 days. Trichoderma harzianum also significantly delayed flower abscission. However, as with most of the fungal antagonists used, inoculation of waxflower flowers with this isolate resulted in unsightly mycelial growth.
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Elżbieta, Patkowska. "Antagonistic bacteria in the soil after Daucus carota L. cultivation." Plant, Soil and Environment 64, No. 3 (March 21, 2018): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/42/2018-pse.
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The studies determined the effect of bacteria Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. isolated from the soil after carrot cultivation on pathogenic fungi Altenaria dauci, A. radicina, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. A field experiment on carrot cultivation considered different intercrop plants (rye, buckwheat, white mustard, sunflower). Rye and buckwheat were the most conducive to the growth of Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Those bacteria were the most effective in inhibiting the growth of F. solani, F. oxysporum and R. solani. The antagonistic effect of soil-borne Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. towards the tested fungi was the largest after the application of rye and white mustard as intercrop plants in the cultivation of carrot. Buckwheat and sunflower showed a slightly smaller influence on the antagonistic activity of the studied bacteria. Bacillus ssp. had a significantly lesser antagonistic effect than Pseudomonas ssp.
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Kasfi, Kazem, Parissa Taheri, Behrooz Jafarpour, and Saeed Tarighi. "Identification of epiphytic yeasts and bacteria with potential for biocontrol of grey mold disease on table grapes caused by Botrytis cinerea." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 16, no. 1 (April 26, 2018): e1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2018161-11378.
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The objective of this study was to identify grapevine epiphytic yeasts and bacteria for biocontrol of Botrytis cinerea on grapes. Antagonistic yeasts and bacteria were isolated from the epiphytic flora associated with grape berries and leaves cv. ‘Thompson seedless’ from vineyards in Iran and identified by sequencing the conserved genomic regions. A total of 130 yeast and bacterial isolates from the surface of grapevine were screened in vitro for determining their antagonistic effect against B. cinerea and used to control postharvest gray mold. Among the 130 isolates, five yeasts and four bacterial isolates showed the greatest antagonistic activity in vitro against B. cinerea. Two yeasts species including Meyerozyma guilliermondii and Candida membranifaciens had high antagonistic capability against the pathogen. Also, 4 bacterial isolates belonging to Bacillus sp. and Ralstonia sp. showed significant biocontrol effect against B. cinerea. The isolates were capable of producing volatile and non-volatile substances, which suppressed the pathogen growth. The antagonistic activity of selected yeasts and bacteria against the pathogen was investigated on wounded berries of ‘Thompson seedless’. On small clusters with intact berries, all of the antagonistic isolates considerably reduced the decay on grape berries and inhibition of gray mold incidence on fruits treated by these isolates was less than 50%, except for the isolate N1, which had higher capability in inhibiting the disease incidence. These results suggest that antagonist yeasts and bacteria with potential to control B. cinerea on grape can be found in the microflora of grape berries and leaves.
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Diyanatur Rosiyah, Naziha, Ayu Wike Widiasari, Achmad Roekhan, and Restu Rizkyta Kusuma. "Consortia of Indigenous Rhizobacteria to Control Bacterial Wilt in Ginger." Research Journal of Life Science 7, no. 2 (August 1, 2020): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.rjls.2020.007.01.8.
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Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a type of rhizome plant that has high potential to be developed in Indonesia as a medicinal plant or spice. Inhibiting factors in ginger production is Ralstonia solanacearum which causes bacterial wilt disease. Rhizobacteria is a potential biological agent to control the disease. It is necessary to review from various study on rhizobacteria both the use of antagonistic bacteria singly or in a consortia. Aimed to analyze various sources of scientific literature regarding the potential of antagonistic bacteria singly or consortia compared to synthetic bactericides in controlling of R. solanacearum. The results showed that three recommended antagonist bacteria were found, namely Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus thuringiensis. which has the potential to control bacterial wilt disease. The rhizobacterial consortia are more effective as a sustainable, safe and environmentally friendly control on bacterial wilt disease with a percentage of disease incidence 10%. In addition, the rhizobacterial consortia are three and six times more effective than the single antagonistic bacteria and bactericides respectively.
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Diyanatur Rosiyah, Naziha, Ayu Wike Widiasari, Achmad Roekhan, and Restu Rizkyta Kusuma. "Acreditation Certificate Acreditation No. 21/E/KPT/2018 Article Tools Print this article Indexing metadata How to cite item Email this article Email the author About The Authors Naziha Diyanatur Rosiyah Brawijaya University Indonesia Study Program Agroecotechnology Department Plant Pes and Disease Ayu Wike Widiasari Brawijaya University Indonesia Study Program Agroecotechnology Department Plant Pes and Disease Achmad Roekhan Brawijaya University Indonesia Study Program Agroecotechnology Department Plant Pes and Disease Restu Rizkyta Kusuma University of Brawijaya Indonesia Department of Plant Pest and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture About RJLS Aim and Scope Editorial Board Reviewer Acknowledgement Publication Ethics Visitor Statistic Information for Author Author Guidelines (online version) Online Submission Guideline Online Registration Author Fees Download Template User You are logged in as... riris_rjlsub My Profile Log Out Tools Mendeley User Guide Insert Citation using Mendeley Journal Index Visitor Statistic Notifications View (227 new) Manage Journal Content Search Search Scope Browse By Issue By Author By Title Information For Readers For Authors For Librarians Keywords Acute Coronary Syndrome Antioxidant Avicennia marina Bali Strait Bioremediation CODIS 13 DPPH Eucheuma cottonii ICP11 Litopenaeus vannamei Macrobrachium rosenbergii Morphology Pandanus Physalis minima RFLP SOD Sardinella lemuru WSSV birth weight fermentation rats Consortia of Indigenous Rhizobacteria to Control Bacterial Wilt in Ginger." Research Journal of Life Science 7, no. 2 (August 1, 2020): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.rjls.2020.007.02.1.
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Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a type of rhizome plant that has high potential to be developed in Indonesia as a medicinal plant or spice. Inhibiting factors in ginger production is Ralstonia solanacearum which causes bacterial wilt disease. Rhizobacteria is a potential biological agent to control the disease. It is necessary to review from various study on rhizobacteria both the use of antagonistic bacteria singly or in a consortia. Aimed to analyze various sources of scientific literature regarding the potential of antagonistic bacteria singly or consortia compared to synthetic bactericides in controlling of R. solanacearum. The results showed that three recommended antagonist bacteria were found, namely Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus thuringiensis. which has the potential to control bacterial wilt disease. The rhizobacterial consortia are more effective as a sustainable, safe and environmentally friendly control on bacterial wilt disease with a percentage of disease incidence 10%. In addition, the rhizobacterial consortia are three and six times more effective than the single antagonistic bacteria and bactericides respectively.
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Hong-Xian, Tian, Wang Rui-Xia, Li Yin-Fan, Wang Xiong, Sun Fu-Zai, and Yuan Jun. "Isolation, screening and identification of endophytic antagonistic bacteria toPotato ring rotbacteria." Chinese Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology 2, no. 3 (December 2005): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/cjb200579.
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AbstractTwo hundred and forty bacterial strains were isolated from three potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars from eight different sources. On the basis of antagonistic bacteria examinationin vitro, greenhouse and field tests, 22.9% of isolated bacteria were endophytic and antagonistic. Three strains, namely A-10', T3(Bacillussp.) and H1-6 (Pseudomonas fluorescens), were chosen for their suppressive effect on bacterial ring rot (Clavibacter michiganensissubsp.sepedonicus) and their growth promotion. The strain A-10' was an endophytic bacterium with the effects of colonization, plant growth promotion and suppression of the pathogenic bacteria, showing good prospects for commercial use.
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Zhimo, V. Yeka, Antonio Biasi, Ajay Kumar, Oleg Feygenberg, Shoshana Salim, Silvana Vero, Michael Wisniewski, and Samir Droby. "Yeasts and Bacterial Consortia from Kefir Grains Are Effective Biocontrol Agents of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits." Microorganisms 8, no. 3 (March 18, 2020): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8030428.
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Fungal pathogens in fruits and vegetables cause significant losses during handling, transportation, and storage. Biological control with microbial antagonists replacing the use of chemical fungicides is a major approach in postharvest disease control, and several products based on single antagonists have been developed but have limitations related to reduced and inconsistent performance under commercial conditions. One possible approach to enhance the biocontrol efficacy is to broaden the spectrum of the antagonistic action by employing compatible microbial consortia. Here, we explore commercial kefir grains, a natural probiotic microbial consortium, by culture-dependent and metagenomic approaches and observed a rich diversity of co-existing yeasts and bacterial population. We report effective inhibition of the postharvest pathogen Penicillium expansum on apple by using the grains in its fresh commercial and milk-activated forms. We observed few candidate bacteria and yeasts from the kefir grains that grew together over successive enrichment cycles, and these mixed fermentation cultures showed enhanced biocontrol activities as compared to the fresh commercial or milk-activated grains. We also report several individual species of bacteria and yeasts with biocontrol activities against Penicillium rots on apple and grapefruit. These species with antagonistic properties could be further exploited to develop a synthetic consortium to achieve enhanced antagonistic effects against a wide range of postharvest pathogens.
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Martins, Káthia Santana, Lorena Tirza de Assis Magalhães, Jeferson Geison de Almeida, and Fábio Alessandro Pieri. "Antagonism of Bacteria from Dog Dental Plaque against Human Cariogenic Bacteria." BioMed Research International 2018 (November 4, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2780948.
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Dental caries are a process of demineralization and destruction of human teeth. They originate through many factors and are associated with biofilm formation, which consists of bacteria adhered to the teeth that form a structurally and functionally organized mass called dental plaque. Both the presence ofStreptococcus mutansand the frequent consumption of sucrose correlate with a higher prevalence of caries in humans. In dogs, however, the incidence of this disease is low, due to factors such as differences in dental microbiota and/or their low consumption of sucrose. This work evaluated the antagonism of bacteria from dog’s dental plaque againstS. mutans, for the identification of producing strains of biotechnological products for use in preventing caries. This study used 95 bacterial isolates of canine dental plaque from the Veterinary Department at the Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A spot-on-the-lawn method was performed using Brain Heart Infusion agar with catalase for an initial identification of the antagonistic activity. Additional tests were conducted on the isolates classified as antagonists for confirmation of the activity, using modified Mann-Rogosa-Sharpe medium containing low dextrose concentration. These isolates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours in anaerobiosis. The peptide nature of inhibition was evaluated using the following proteinases: proteinase K fromTritirachium album, bovine pancreatic trypsin, and type XII-Aα-amylase fromBacillus licheniformis. In the initial identification of those strains exhibiting antimicrobial activity, 14 were classified as antagonists. One of the isolates (Bacillussp.) indicated bacteriocinogenic activity, with a deformed inhibition halo onS. mutansby the addition of trypsin. These results suggest that this bacterial isolate may be applicable to biotechnological use to combat the main etiological agent of caries in humans. Further studies are needed to evaluate the bacteriocinogenic nature of the antimicrobial activities of the other 13 antagonistic bacterial isolates.
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Elżbieta, Patkowska, Błażewicz-Woźniak Marzena, and Wach Dariusz. "Antagonistic activity of selected bacteria of the soil environment of carrot." Plant, Soil and Environment 63, No. 6 (June 14, 2017): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/216/2017-pse.
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The purpose of the present studies was to determine the antagonistic effect of bacteria Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. towards selected fungi from the soil environment of carrot. Oats (Avena sativa L.), tansy phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia Bentham) and vetch (Vicia satica L.) were used as cover crops in the cultivation of this plant. In the traditional cultivation of carrot the population of bacteria was the smallest, while after the application of oats it was the largest. Laboratory tests showed that cover crops promoted the development of antagonistic Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Irrespective of the experimental treatment, those bacteria were the most effective in limiting the growth and development of Fusarium oxysporum and Thanatephorus cucumeris (syn. Rhizoctonia solani), while being less effective towards Altenaria dauci and Alternaria radicina, and the least towards Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The best total antagonistic effect of Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. towards the tested fungi was found after using oats and vetch, while the worst – in the traditional cultivation of carrot.
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Opelt, Katja, and Gabriele Berg. "Diversity and Antagonistic Potential of Bacteria Associated with Bryophytes from Nutrient-Poor Habitats of the Baltic Sea Coast." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 11 (November 2004): 6569–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.11.6569-6579.2004.
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ABSTRACT Very little is known about the interaction of bryophytes with bacteria. Therefore, we analyzed bacteria associated with three bryophyte species, Tortula ruralis, Aulacomnium palustre, and Sphagnum rubellum, which represent typical moss species of three nutrient-poor plant communities at the southern Baltic Sea coast in Germany. By use of two cultivation-independent techniques, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the 16S ribosomal DNA, a high degree of moss specificity was found for associated bacterial communities. This specificity could be further evidenced by a cultivation-dependent approach for the following parameters: (i) plate counts of bacteria on R2A medium, (ii) proportion of antagonistic isolates, (iii) antagonistic activity as well as spectrum against pathogens, and (iv) diversity and richness of antagonistic isolates. The proportion of isolates with antagonistic activity against the pathogenic model fungus Verticillium dahliae was highest for S. rubellum (31%), followed by A. palustre (17%) and T. ruralis (5%). A high percentage (99%) of moss-associated antagonistic bacteria produced antifungal compounds. The high recovery of antagonistic isolates strongly suggests that bryophytes represent an ecological niche which harbors a diverse and hitherto largely uncharacterized microbial population with yet unknown and untapped potential biotechnological applications, e.g., for biological control of plant pathogens.
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Lyousfi, Nadia, Rachid Lahlali, Chaimaa Letrib, Zineb Belabess, Rachida Ouaabou, Said Ennahli, Abdelali Blenzar, and Essaid Ait Barka. "Improving the Biocontrol Potential of Bacterial Antagonists with Salicylic Acid against Brown Rot Disease and Impact on Nectarine Fruits Quality." Agronomy 11, no. 2 (January 22, 2021): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020209.
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The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of both antagonistic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SF14) and Alcaligenes faecalis (ACBC1) used in combination with salicylic acid (SA) to effectively control brown rot disease caused by Monilinia fructigena. Four concentrations of salicylic acid (0.5%, 2%, 3.5%, and 5%) were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Furthermore, the impact of biological treatments on nectarine fruit parameters’ quality, in particular, weight loss, titratable acidity, and soluble solids content, was evaluated. Regardless of the bacterium, the results indicated that all combined treatments displayed a strong inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of M. fructigena and disease severity. Interestingly, all SA concentrations significantly improved the biocontrol activity of each antagonist. The mycelial growth inhibition rate ranged from 9.79% to 88.02% with the highest reduction rate recorded for bacterial antagonists in combination with SA at both concentrations of 0.5% and 3.5%. The in vivo results confirmed the in vitro results with a disease severity varying from 0.00% to 51.91%. A significant biocontrol improvement was obtained with both antagonistic bacteria when used in combination with SA at concentrations of 0.5% and 2%. The lowest disease severity observed with ACBC1 compared with SF14 is likely due to a rapid adaptation and increase of antagonistic bacteria population in wounded sites. The impact of all biological treatments revealed moderate significant changes in the fruit quality parameters with weight loss for several treatments. These results suggest that the improved disease control of both antagonistic bacteria was more likely directly linked to both the inhibitory effects of SA on pathogen growth and induced fruit resistance.
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Chuiko, N. V., A. Yu Chobotarov, Ya I. Savchuk, I. M. Kurchenko, and I. K. Kurdish. "Antagonistic Activity of Azotobаcter vinelandii IMV B-7076 against Phytopathogenic Microorganisms." Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 82, no. 5 (October 17, 2020): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj82.05.021.
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Bacteria of the genus Azotobacter are known for their ability to stimulate plant growth and development. Azotobacter vinelandii IMV B-7076 strain was isolated from Zhytomyr region soil of Ukraine. It is one of the components of the "Azogran" complex bacterial preparation for plant growing. It has been established that A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 synthesizes biologically active substances that promote plant development. At the same time, the antagonistic activity of A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 against phytopathogens has not yet been studied, so this became the aim of this work. Methods. The antagonistic activity of A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 was determined by agar well diffusion and agar blocks methods. Results. It was shown that A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 had antagonistic activity against some phytopathogenic fungi. In particular, the diameter of growth inhibition zones of Alternaria alternata 16861, Fusarium avenaceum 50720, Fusarium verticillioides 50463, Fusarium lactis 50719, Fusarium oxysporum 54201, Fusarium poae 50704 was 14-37 mm, Bipolaris sorokiniana 16868 and Fusarium solani – 11-13 mm. Fusarium culmorum 50716 and Fusarium graminearum 50662 were not sensitive to A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 metabolites. Notably, the antagonistic effect was demonstrated in mycelial growth and spore formation inhibition, in fungal mycelium discoloration. It was also demonstrated that A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 did not show antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens 8628, Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum 8982, Pseudomonas fluorescens 8573, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 8511, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis 13a, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris 8003b. Conclusions. Studied A. vinelandii IMV B-7076 strain is characterized by antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic fungi and does not have antibacterial properties against phytopathogenic bacteria. The antifungal activity of A. vinelandii IMV B-7076, as a component of "Azogran", will be useful for this bacterial preparation application in plant growing.
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Rypien, Krystal L., Jessica R. Ward, and Farooq Azam. "Antagonistic interactions among coral-associated bacteria." Environmental Microbiology 12, no. 1 (January 2010): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02027.x.
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Gomez, P., and A. Buckling. "Bacteria-Phage Antagonistic Coevolution in Soil." Science 332, no. 6025 (March 31, 2011): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1198767.
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Marín-Cevada, V., J. Muñoz-Rojas, J. Caballero-Mellado, M. A. Mascarúa-Esparza, M. Castañeda-Lucio, R. Carreño-López, P. Estrada-de los Santos, and L. E. Fuentes-Ramírez. "Antagonistic interactions among bacteria inhabiting pineapple." Applied Soil Ecology 61 (October 2012): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.11.014.
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Mamphogoro, Tshifhiwa Paris, Casper Nyaradzai Kamutando, Martin Makgose Maboko, Olayinka Ayobami Aiyegoro, and Olubukola Oluranti Babalola. "Epiphytic Bacteria from Sweet Pepper Antagonistic In Vitro to Ralstonia solanacearum BD 261, a Causative Agent of Bacterial Wilt." Microorganisms 9, no. 9 (September 14, 2021): 1947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091947.
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Biological control of plant pathogens, particularly using microbial antagonists, is posited as the most effective, environmentally-safe, and sustainable strategy to manage plant diseases. However, the roles of antagonists in controlling bacterial wilt, a disease caused by the most devastating and widely distributed pathogen of sweet peppers (i.e., R. solanacearum), are poorly understood. Here, amplicon sequencing and several microbial function assays were used to depict the identities and the potential antagonistic functions of bacteria isolated from 80 red and green sweet pepper fruit samples, grown under hydroponic and open soil conditions, with some plants, fungicide-treated while others were untreated. Amplicon sequencing revealed the following bacterial strains: Bacillus cereus strain HRT7.7, Enterobacter hormaechei strain SRU4.4, Paenibacillus polymyxa strain SRT9.1, and Serratia marcescens strain SGT5.3, as potential antagonists of R. solanacearum. Optimization studies with different carbon and nitrogen sources revealed that maximum inhibition of the pathogen was produced at 3% (w/v) starch and 2,5% (w/v) tryptone at pH 7 and 30 °C. The mode of action exhibited by the antagonistic isolates includes the production of lytic enzymes (i.e., cellulase and protease enzymes) and siderophores, as well as solubilization of phosphate. Overall, the results demonstrated that the maximum antimicrobial activity of bacterial antagonists could only be achieved under specific environmental conditions (e.g., available carbon and nitrogen sources, pH, and temperature levels), and that bacterial antagonists can also indirectly promote crop growth and development through nutrient cycling and siderophore production.
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Faltin, Franziska, Jana Lottmann, Rita Grosch, and Gabriele Berg. "Strategy to select and assess antagonistic bacteria for biological control ofRhizoctonia solaniKühn." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 50, no. 10 (October 1, 2004): 811–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w04-063.
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A screening strategy was developed to assess the potential of plant-associated bacteria to control diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn. About 434 already characterized antagonistic bacterial strains isolated from diverse plant species and microenvironments were evaluated for biocontrol and plant growth promotion by a hierarchical combination of assays. Analyzing in vitro antagonism towards different Rhizoctonia isolates resulted in a selection of 20 potential biocontrol agents. The strains were characterized by their antagonistic mechanisms in vitro as well as their production of the plant growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid. The plant growth promoting effect by antagonistic bacteria was determined using a microtiter plate assay on the basis of lettuce seedlings. Lettuce and sugar beet as host plant were included in the biocontrol experiments in which the antagonistic effect of 17 bacterial isolates could be confirmed in vivo. Sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene and (or) fatty acid methyl ester gas chromatography was used to identify the antagonistic isolates. Molecular fingerprints of isolates obtained by BOX – polymerase chain reaction were compared to avoid further investigation with genetically very similar strains and to obtain unique molecular fingerprints for quality control and patent licensing. According to our strategy, an assessment scheme was developed and four interesting biological control agents, Pseudomonas reactans B3, Pseudomonas fluorescens B1, Serratia plymuthica B4, and Serratia odorifera B6, were found. While S. plymuthica B4 was the best candidate to biologically control Rhizoctonia in lettuce, P. reactans B3 was the best candidate to suppress the pathogen in sugar beet.Key words: biocontrol, Rhizoctonia solani, lettuce, sugar beet, antagonistic bacteria.
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Montero Castillo, Piedad M., Antonio Díaz Caballero, and Marlene Durán Lengua. "Antagonistic action of Lactobacillus spp. against Staphylococcus aureus in cheese from Mompox - Colombia." Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 68, no. 2 (July 1, 2015): 7721–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v68n2.50991.
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In the food industry, food preservation techniques that do not use chemical products are becoming more common. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the antagonistic activity (antibiosis) of lactic-acid bacterial strains against pathogenic microorganisms. Lactic-acid bacterial strains were isolated from layered cheese and a commercial product (yogurt); and the same was done with pathogenic bacteria solely from layered cheese. The lactic-acid bacterial strains were identified as species from the Lactobacilli family, while the pathogenic bacteria from layered cheese were identified as Micrococcaceae family species (Staphylococcus aureus). Subsequently, in the same culture medium, bacteria of each species were sowed in order to determine the inhibitory activity ability of the Lactic Acid Bacteria (BAL) As a result, the highly antagonistic activity of the Lactobacilli (inhibition halos were larger than 0.5 centimeters in diameter) against isolated pathogenic microorganisms was demonstrated.
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Berg, Gabriele, Nicolle Roskot, Anette Steidle, Leo Eberl, Angela Zock, and Kornelia Smalla. "Plant-Dependent Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity of Antagonistic Rhizobacteria Isolated from Different Verticillium Host Plants." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 7 (July 2002): 3328–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.7.3328-3338.2002.
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ABSTRACT To study the effect of plant species on the abundance and diversity of bacterial antagonists, the abundance, the phenotypic diversity, and the genotypic diversity of rhizobacteria isolated from potato, oilseed rape, and strawberry and from bulk soil which showed antagonistic activity towards the soilborne pathogen Verticillium dahliae Kleb. were analyzed. Rhizosphere and soil samples were taken five times over two growing seasons in 1998 and 1999 from a randomized field trial. Bacterial isolates were obtained after plating on R2A (Difco, Detroit, Mich.) or enrichment in microtiter plates containing high-molecular-weight substrates followed by plating on R2A. A total of 5,854 bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of strawberry, potato, or oilseed rape or bulk soil from fallow were screened by dual testing for in vitro antagonism towards Verticillium. The proportion of isolates with antagonistic activity was highest for strawberry rhizosphere (9.5%), followed by oilseed rape (6.3%), potato (3.7%), and soil (3.3%). The 331 Verticillium antagonists were identified by their fatty acid methyl ester profiles. They were characterized by testing their in vitro antagonism against other pathogenic fungi; their glucanolytic, chitinolytic, and proteolytic activities; and their BOX-PCR fingerprints. The abundance and composition of Verticillium antagonists was plant species dependent. A rather high proportion of antagonists from the strawberry rhizosphere was identified as Pseudomonas putida B (69%), while antagonists belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae (Serratia spp., Pantoea agglomerans) were mainly isolated from the rhizosphere of oilseed rape. For P. putida A and B plant-specific genotypes were observed, suggesting that these bacteria were specifically enriched in each rhizosphere.
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Burovinskaya, Margarita, Lyubov Maslienko, and Eugeniya Yurchenko. "Antimycotic activity of bacterial strains against the pathogen of grape necrotic leaf spotting Alternaria sp." E3S Web of Conferences 254 (2021): 05004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125405004.
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Species of the genera Bacillus Cohn and Pseudomonas Migula are successfully used as biocontrol agents for many mycopathogens, including Alternaria sp. To assess the bacteria antagonistic potential against Alternaria sp, we used the method of counter cultures on various nutrient media – universal and specialized. Of the 24 bacterial strains of the genus Bacillus, 18 strains were developed antagonistic activity to Alternaria sp. after 10 days of co-cultivation on the Tylona-3 medium. The maximum sterile zone (8.0 mm) was formed by bacterial strains (R-9, 5B-1, 01 cor f Bacillus sp.). 3 strains of 9 bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas, developed antagonistic activity to Alternaria sp. on Kinga B medium - 14-3 Pseudomonas sp., Oif 2-1 Pseudomonas sp., 14-4 Pseudomonas sp. The maximum antibiotic activity on potato-sucrose agar was established in strains 3-3 Bacillus sp., and K 1-1 Bacillus sp. (sterile zone 7.5 mm). All the tested bacteria most often caused one sign of antagonism – antibiosis.
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IG. SEPTRIALDY SALEDA MALIN, NUNANG LAMEK MAY, and MUTAKIM. "EKSTRAKSI BAKTERI ASAL EKTOMIKORIZA SEBAGAI AGEN ANTAGONIS PENYAKIT TANAMAN FUSARIUM." JURNAL KEHUTANAN PAPUASIA 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46703/jurnalpapuasia.vol6.iss1.178.
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Unbalanced interaction between plant and biotic or abiotic components is one of the sources to accelerate the presence of disease. The purpose of this study was to obtain a number of bacteria from Scleroderma citrinum extraction which was describing bacteria morphology, and the observed response of the potential bacteria S. citrinum as antagonists against the disease of Fusarium sp. The results obtained 7 species bacteria from S. citrinum ectomycorrhiza which had the ability to inhibition of different Fusarium sp., diseases. In addition, the 7 types of bacteria S. citrinum had different morphology. Bacterial morphology can be described based on their shapes, edges, colors, and surfaces. The result of the antagonistic test of bacterial isolate Scl 7 was suspected and had the potential to inhibit Fusarium sp., pathogen, in which it can be seen from the highest percentage from the percentage of inhibition of 41.11%. From the study, it has been observed that no visible exploitation by bacteria S. citrinum as the antagonist against Fusarium sp. Therefore, bacteria S. citrinum was suspected to contain antibiosis and competition (nutrient competitor) characteristics.
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Patkowska, E., and M. Konopiński. "Antagonistic activity of selected bacteria occurring in the soil after root chicory cultivation." Plant, Soil and Environment 60, No. 7 (July 2, 2014): 320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/283/2014-pse.
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Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is a rich source of polysaccharides (intibin and inulin), vitamins, acids and mineral salts. The present studies determined the antagonistic activity of selected bacteria of the soil environment of root chicory towards fungi pathogenic towards this plant: Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum, Thanatephorus cucumeris and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Root chicory was cultivated with using cover crops (oats, tansy phacelia and common vetch). The use of cover crops, especially oats, in the cultivation of root chicory had a positive effect both on the total population of bacteria and the population of Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. in the soil. Antagonistic Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. displayed differentiated activity towards the studied fungi. The greatest antagonistic effect was found out after the mulch of oats. After common vetch, the antagonistic activity of bacteria was more than twice, and after phacelia three times as low as after oats. In the traditional cultivation of root chicory this activity was nearly twelve times lower.
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Kiroiants, M. O., M. V. Patyka, and T. I. Patyka. "Antagonistic activity of dominant strains of bacteria of spring barley rhizosphere against phytopathogenic micromycetes." PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE 12, no. 2 (2021): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/agr2021.02.054.
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The purpose of the work. The aim of the study was to conduct research on the manifestation of the dominant representatives of the bacterial biome of the rhizosphere of spring barley antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic micromycetes. Research methods. The standard diffusion method of double culture in Petri dishes was used to study the antagonistic properties of the dominant strains of rhizosphere bacteria. The level of antagonistic activity of microorganisms was assessed by the indicator (%) of inhibition of growth and development of the mycelium of micromycetes Fusarium sporotrichioides Sherb. 23.2, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. 3.45, Nigrospora oryzae (Berk. & Broome) Petch. 18.77. Results and scope of their application. Studies have shown that Bacillus methylotrophicus 10 had an inhibitory effect on Fusarium sporotrichioides Sherb. 23.2 ‒ 77,4%, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. 3.45 – 66,6% and Nigrospora oryzae (Berk. & Broome) Petch. 18.77 – 86,7%, while the bacteria Phyllobacterium ifriqiyense 1 showed activity against phytopathogens by 45,1%, 63,1% and 65,0%, respectively. Conclusions. Thus, both strains of rhizosphere dominant bacteria have high antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic micromycetes, which gives grounds for their further study.
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Al-Karablieh, Nehaya. "Antimicrobial Activity of Bacillus Persicus 24-DSM Isolated from Dead Sea Mud." Open Microbiology Journal 11, no. 1 (December 29, 2017): 372–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874285801711010372.
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Intorduction:Dead Sea is a hypersaline lake with 34% salinity, gains its name due to the absence of any living macroscopic creatures. Despite the extreme hypersaline environment, it is a unique ecosystem for various halophilic microorganisms adapted to this environment.Aims & Objectives:Halophilic microorganisms are known for various potential biotechnological applications, the purpose of the current research is isolation and screening of halophilic bacteria from Dead Sea mud for potential antimicrobial applications.Methods & Materials:Screening for antagonistic bacteria was conducted by bacterial isolation from Dead Sea mud samples and agar plate antagonistic assay. The potential antagonistic isolates were subjected to biochemical characterization and identification by 16S-rRNA sequencing. Among the collected isolates, four isolates showed potential antagonistic activity againstBacillus subtilis6633 andEscherichia coli8739. The most active isolate (24-DSM) was subjected for antagonistic activity and minimal inhibitory concentration against different gram positive and negative bacterial strains after cultivation in different salt concentration media. Results: The results of 16S-rRNA analysis revealed that 24-DSM is very closely related toBacillus persicusstrain B48, which was isolated from hypersaline lake in Iran.Conclusion:Therefore, the isolate 24-DSM is assigned as a new strain ofB. persicusiisolated from the Dead Sea mud.B. persicusi24-DSM showed higher antimicrobial activity, when it was cultivated with saline medium, against all tested bacterial strains, where the most sensitive bacterial strain wasCorynebacterium diphtheria51696.
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Dinata, Gallyndra Fatkhu, Luqman Qurata Aini, and Restu Rizkyta Kusuma. "Identification and Characterization of Antagonistic Bacteria from Coffee Plant Litter." Agrotechnology Research Journal 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/agrotechresj.v5i1.49716.
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Nowadays, the use of antagonistic bacteria is widely applied in agriculture and used as biological control. A previous study which is yet to be identified based on physiological and biochemical characterizations discovered these organisms present in coffee plant litter could control fusarium wilt disease. Therefore, this study is a follow-up analysis that aims to identify coffee litter antagonistic bacteria with the ability to control fusarium wilt disease. The investigation techniques used were biochemical tests comprising of endospore staining, yellow colony growth test on media, bacterial purification and screening, macroscopic and microscopic characterization, Gram, the solubility of 3% KOH, fermentative oxidative, fluorescent pigment production, catalase, hypersensitivity, nitrogen-fixing, and phosphate solvent test. The results showed that antagonistic bacteria, including <em>Bacillus mycoides, Clostridium, Pseudomonas, Erwinia, </em>and <em>Alcaligenes</em> sp. were identified based on their character traits. This study represents new information on the bacteria types from coffee litter to control pathogenic fungi as an environmentally friendly biological control agent.
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Горшкова, О. Г. "ANTAGONISTIC AND DESTRUCTIVE ACTIVITY OF MARINE BACTERIA." Microbiology&Biotechnology, no. 4(40) (December 28, 2017): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2307-4663.2017.4(40).119182.
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Sessitsch, Angela, Birgit Reiter, and Gabriele Berg. "Endophytic bacterial communities of field-grown potato plants and their plant-growth-promoting and antagonistic abilities." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 50, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w03-118.
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To study the effect of plant growth on potato-associated bacteria, the composition and properties of bacteria colonizing the endosphere of field-grown potato were analyzed by a multiphasic approach. The occurrence and diversity of potato-associated bacteria were monitored by a cultivation-independent approach, using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16S rDNA. The patterns obtained revealed a high heterogeneity of community composition and suggested the existence of plant-specific communities. However, endophytic populations correlated to a certain extent with plant growth performance. Endophytes were also isolated from plants that grew well or grew poorly and were identified by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes. A broad phylogenetic spectrum was found among isolates and differently growing plants hosted different bacterial populations. In an approach to investigate the plant-growth-promoting potential of potato-associated bacteria, a total of 35 bacteria were screened by dual testing for in vitro antagonism towards (i) the fungal pathogens Verticillium dahliae, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Phytophthora cactorum and (ii) the bacterial pathogens Erwinia carotovora, Streptomyces scabies, and Xanthomonas campestris. The proportion of isolates with antagonistic activity was highest against Streptomyces sp. (43%) followed by those against Xanthomonas sp. (29%). As all plants showed more or less severe disease symptoms of scab disease caused by Streptomyces scabies, we assume that the presence of the pathogen induced the colonization of antagonists. The antifungal activity of the isolates was generally low. The biotechnological potential of endophytic isolates assessed by their antagonistic activity and by in vitro production of enzymes, antibiotics, siderophores, and the plant growth hormone indole-1,3-acetic acid was generally high. Overall, seven endophytes were found to antagonize fungal as well as bacterial pathogens and showed a high production of active compounds and were therefore considered promising biological control agents.Key words: T-RFLP, 16S rRNA, siderophores, IAA, biocontrol.
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Sutthisa, Waraporn, and Pornpirun Soparut. "Interaction of Antagonistic Bacteria that Effective to Control Rice Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease with Agricultural Chemicals and Bio-products." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 1517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.13.3.23.
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Aguilar, Catalina, Consuelo Vanegas, and Bernadette Klotz. "Antagonistic effect ofLactobacillusstrains againstEscherichia coliandListeria monocytogenesin milk." Journal of Dairy Research 78, no. 2 (December 3, 2010): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029910000877.
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The current work studied four types of binary antagonist/pathogen bacterial culture system, in order to determine the effect of interaction between two strains ofLactobacillus plantarumand two food-borne pathogens,Listeria monocytogenesandEscherichia coli, in whole UHT milk at 37°C. To determine the type of interaction between the two bacterial populations in co-cultures and to evaluate the antagonistic activity of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the pathogenic bacteria, the growth curves, the kinetic parameters, and the pH profiles of mono- and co-cultures were compared. TheLb. plantarumstrains showed different bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS) production, auto- and co-inducible. The antibacterial effect of neutralized supernatants of mono and co-cultures harvested at different times of incubation was assessed in order to establish the presence of bacteriocin-like inhibitory-substances (BLIS) and their possible relation to the growth inhibition of the pathogen. The LAB reduced the growth ofEsch. coliand ofList. monocytogenesby 4 and ∼5 log cycles, respectively and influenced other growth kinetic parameters, such as μmaxand lag phase, in the different binary combinations. The growth of the LAB was not relevantly altered by simultaneous growth with the pathogenic strains showing an interaction of amensalism. The pattern of inhibition exerted by the LAB on the pathogens was different;Lb. plantarumLB279 inhibited the growth ofList. monocytogenesmore effectively than that ofEsch. coli. The behaviour ofEsch. coliin co-culture withLb. plantarumWS4174 suggested the presence of metabolic crowding in the mechanism of growth suppression. This exploratory study showed the complexity and specific particularities of the inhibition phenomena between bacterial communities.
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Safni, Irda, and Widya Antastia. "In vitro antagonism of five rhizobacterial species against athelia rolfsii collar rot disease in soybean." Open Agriculture 3, no. 1 (August 1, 2018): 264–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2018-0028.
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Abstract Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) influence plant growth by a number of direct (producing plant growth promoting substances) and indirect (through prevention of deleterious effects of phytopathogenic microorganisms) mechanisms. Five species of bacteria were isolated from rhizospheric soils of soybean and peanut fields from several locations in North Sumatra. On the basis of morphological and biochemical characteristics, the bacteria were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila, Burkholderia cepacia, Serratia ficaria, Pantoea spp. 2, and Vibrio alginolyticus. These species were tested in vitro against the causal pathogen of collar rot disease of soybean, Athelia rolfsii, which is an important soybean disease in Indonesia. The five species of bacteria were subjected to screening of antagonistic activities against A. rolfsii in vitro with a dual culture-technique. Of the five species, B. cepacia, S. ficaria and V. alginolyticus were the most effective antagonistic bacteria to control A. rolfsii. B. cepacia, S. ficaria and V. algynolitycus produced inhibiting zones against A. rolfsii of 98.35%, 97.83% and 96.97% respectively. All bacterial species showed their antagonistic activity significantly with the inhibiting zone percentage being more than 60%. The experimental results suggested that all bacterial species have a future potency as a biocontrol agent to reduce A. rolfsii collar rot disease of soybean
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Rosales, A. M., and T. W. Mew. "Suppression of Fusarium moniliforme in Rice by Rice-Associated Antagonistic Bacteria." Plant Disease 81, no. 1 (January 1997): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.1.49.
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The potential of antagonistic bacteria from paddy water, rhizosphere soils, sclerotia, and rice plants to control “bakanae” caused by Fusarium moniliforme was assessed. Experiments were conducted to determine the in vitro antibiosis and effect of bacteria on seed germination. Out of 441 isolates, 113 were inhibitory to mycelial growth of the pathogen. Bacterial strains were classified into three groups based on effect on seed germination: (i) those that promoted germination and enhanced seedling vigor; (ii) those that had no effect on germination; and (iii) those that were deleterious and inhibited germination. Bacterization of naturally infected seeds reduced bakanae incidence in seedbox and seedbed tests. In a seedbed experiment with IR 58 seeds soaked in suspensions of bacterial strains, bakanae incidence and disease control ranged from 0.9 to 6.8% and 71.7 to 96.3%, respectively. From the 3 years of field trials, 10 strains reduced bakanae. Five strains consistently reduced bakanae, but the other five exhibited variable effects among trials. Specificity of suppression by antagonistic bacteria against different pathogenic isolates of F. moniliforme from various locations in the Philippines was observed.
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Arriani, Intan Fuji. "PEMANFAATAN BAKTERI ANTAGONIS LUMPUR SIDOARJO UNTUK MENEKAN Sclerotium rolfsiiSACC. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT REBAH SEMAI PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI." VIABEL: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian 13, no. 1 (May 28, 2019): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/viabel.v13i1.694.
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ABSTRACT
Soybean plants is a strategic commodity in Indonesia, because soybean is an important crop food after rice and maize. One of the important diseases that attack soybean plants is damping off caused by pathogenic fungi S. rolfsii. One effort to suppress attack from pathogenic fungi it S. rolfsii attack is by using biological agents. Trial of antagonistic bacteria with fungi S. rolfsii stepin vitro is test the artificial media (media NA). The result of the selection of the lumpur Sidoarjo bacterial isolates obtained 15 and 5 bacteria have antagonistic properties against pathogenic fungi S. rolfsii is isolates LUSI 93, LUSI 43, LUSI 16, LUSI 6, and LUSI 54. The identification and characterization of antagonistic bacteria lumpur Sidoarjo is LUSI 93 belongs to the genus Vibrio sp. And for LUSI 54, 16 LUSI, LUSI 43, and LUSI 6 has been identified by previous research in a row belongs to the genus Corynebacterium sp, Vibrio sp, Erwinia sp and Corynebacterium sp.
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Abedon, Stephen T. "Phage-Antibiotic Combination Treatments: Antagonistic Impacts of Antibiotics on the Pharmacodynamics of Phage Therapy?" Antibiotics 8, no. 4 (October 11, 2019): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8040182.
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Bacteria can evolve resistance to antibiotics. Even without changing genetically, bacteria also can display tolerance to antibiotic treatments. Many antibiotics are also broadly acting, as can result in excessive modifications of body microbiomes. Particularly for antibiotics of last resort or in treating extremely ill patients, antibiotics furthermore can display excessive toxicities. Antibiotics nevertheless remain the standard of care for bacterial infections, and rightly so given their long track records of both antibacterial efficacy and infrequency of severe side effects. Antibiotics do not successfully cure all treated bacterial infections, however, thereby providing a utility to alternative antibacterial approaches. One such approach is the use of bacteriophages, the viruses of bacteria. This nearly 100-year-old bactericidal, anti-infection technology can be effective against antibiotic-resistant or -tolerant bacteria, including bacterial biofilms and persister cells. Ideally phages could be used in combination with standard antibiotics while retaining their anti-bacterial pharmacodynamic activity, this despite antibiotics interfering with aspects of bacterial metabolism that are also required for full phage infection activity. Here I examine the literature of pre-clinical phage-antibiotic combination treatments, with emphasis on antibiotic-susceptible bacterial targets. I review evidence of antibiotic interference with phage infection activity along with its converse: phage antibacterial functioning despite antibiotic presence.
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Elmore, Matthew T., James F. White, Kathryn L. Kingsley, Katherine H. Diehl, and Satish K. Verma. "Pantoea spp. Associated with Smooth Crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum) Seed Inhibit Competitor Plant Species." Microorganisms 7, no. 5 (May 21, 2019): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7050143.
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Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl. and Poa annua L. are competitive, early successional species which are usually considered weeds in agricultural and turfgrass systems. Bacteria and fungi associated with D. ischaemum and P. annua seed may contribute to their competitiveness by antagonizing competitor forbs, and were studied in axenic culture. Pantoea spp. were the most common bacterial isolate of D. ischaemum seed, while Epicoccum and Curvularia spp. were common fungal isolates. A variety of species were collected from non-surface sterilized P. annua. Certain Pantoea spp. isolates were antagonistic to competitor forbs Taraxacum officinale, Trifolium repens. All bacterial isolates that affected T. officinale mortality were isolated from D. ischaemum seed while none of the P. annua isolates affected mortality. Two selected bacterial isolates identified as Pantoea ananatis were evaluated further on D. ischaemum, T. repens (a competitor forb) and P. annua (a competitor grass) alone and in combination with a Curvularia sp. fungus. These bacteria alone caused >65% T. repens seedling mortality but did not affect P. annua seedling mortality. These experiments demonstrate that Pantoea ananatis associated with D. ischaemum seeds is antagonistic to competitor forbs in axenic culture. The weedy character of D. ischaemum could at least in part stem from the possession of bacteria that are antagonistic to competitor species.
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Aini, Fitratul. "The Effectivity of Bacteria Isolated From of Liquid Waste Palm Oil Plantation on Ganoderma Boninense." International Journal of Ecophysiology 1, no. 1 (February 26, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v1i1.841.
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Ganoderma boninense is one of the main pathogenic fungus in oil palm plantations. Generally, these pathogen cause root rot (basal stem rot). Biological control that has been widely used reduce the infection is using bacteria. Liquid waste palm oil has potential to produce bacteria that is able to degrade Ganoderma boninense that causes root rot in oil palm. Liquid waste were obtained from Muaro Sabak Regency Jambi Province. Bacteri were isolated and cultivated in nutrient agar medium, characterized and identified for antagonistic test against G. boninense. Results showed that 16 bacterial isolates were identified, among of them are able to inhibit Ganoderma boninense.
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Nara-Kusuma, Anak Agung Ngurah, Yan Ramona, and Meitini Wahyuni Proborini. "IDENTIFICATION OF MICROBES ANTAGONISTIC AGAINST Fusarium oxysporum ISOLATED FROM RHIZOSPHERE ZONE OF WATERMELON." Jurnal Biologi Udayana 22, no. 2 (December 13, 2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jbiounud.2018.v22.i02.p04.
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This research was aimed to isolate and identify microbes which antagonistic against Fusarium oxysporum, the causative agent of vascular wilt in watermelon plants. The antagonistic microbes were isolated from soil samples collected from rhizosphere of watermelon farm located at west Sanur village, South Denpasar, Bali. Isolation of fungi and bacteria were conducted on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) and nutrient agar medium (NA), respectively. Fungal isolates were then observed under light microscope for its morphological characteristics before identification using a reference book. Bacterial isolates were characterized using various tests, such as gram stain reaction, existence of endospores, catalase reaction, and ability to ferment various sugars. Their characteristics were then compared with those described in a reference book. Two fungal species (Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride) and two bacterial antagonists (Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp.) were found to have potential to be developed as biocontrol agents to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum.
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Rangkuti, Eryna Elfasari, Dwi Suryanto, Kiki Nurtjahja, and Erman Munir. "KEMAMPUAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT TANAMAN SEMANGKA DALAM MENEKAN PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT BERCAK DAUN YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH JAMUR COLLETOTRICHUM SP." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 14, no. 2 (July 2, 2014): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.214170-177.
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Ability of watermelon endophytic bacteria to suppress development of leaf spot disease caused by Colletotrichum sp. A studi on assay of endophytic bacteria to control Colletotrichum sp., causal agent of leaf spot disease on watermelon, was conducted. Colletotrichum sp. was isolated from infected leaf of leaf spot disease, while endophytic bacteria were isolated from stem, leaf, and root of watermelon healthy plant. Antagonistic assay was conducted by dual culture method. Hyphal abnormalities as a result of antagonistic assay was observed using light microscope. To determine the ability of endophytic bacterial isolates to control leaf spot disease, watermelon seeds were treated by dipping the seed in endophytic bacterial suspension. Seven endophytic bacterial isolates showed to inhibit Colletotrichum sp. to some extent. Two isolates DS 01 and BS 01 showed relatively high inhibition zone compared to others, therefore were choosen for further study. Abnormal hyphae such as broken, lysis, twisted, curled, and swollen hyphae were recorded as the result of antagonistic assay. Watermelon seed treatment revealed that dipping the seed in endophytic bacterial suspension of DS 01 and BS 01 reduced leaf spot disease to 12 and 24%, but inhibited seed growth by 12% and 44%, respectively. It seemed that all treatments showed to reduce seedling performance i.e seedling height, leaf number, and dry weight, compared to that of (-) control. DS 01 however seemed to increase dry weight of watermelon plants.