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Journal articles on the topic 'Ante-mortem inspection'
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1
Mullen, P. "Ante mortem inspection on the farm." Veterinary Record 128, no. 6 (February 9, 1991): 139–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.128.6.139.
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MURRAY, G. "Ante-mortem and post-mortem meat inspection: an Australian Inspection Service perspective." Australian Veterinary Journal 63, no. 7 (July 1986): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb02997.x.
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Khairunnesa, M., MH Jaman, M. Noorunnahar, S. Ahmed, MD Hossain, and ABMR Bostami. "Evaluation of existing poultry processing and marketing in the wet market of Gazipur city in Bangladesh." Progressive Agriculture 31, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v31i3.52125.
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The poultry selling and processing practices followed in the poultry wet markets of Bangladesh are always being overlooked unknowingly. The research was conducted to observe the existing scenario of poultry selling and processing practices at the selected wet markets located in the Gazipur City Corporation of Bangladesh. A total of 43 poultry selling shops were randomly selected and interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. It was surprising to observe the absence of female personnel and involvement of few (6.9%) people over the age of 50 years in the wet markets. All the persons engaged in poultry selling and processing had no institutional training. The shops found to be abstained from following some important practices such as feed withdrawal period, isolation of diseased birds, ante and post mortem inspection. The proper bleeding time (1-2) min was recorded in 58.2% cases. The killing cone was recognized as the best device in terms bleeding time. The 72.1% of the outlets never cleaned the carcass prior to deliver the customers. The absence of ante- and post-mortem inspections may cause a great threat of disease outbreak. Taken together, the poultry selling and processing practices followed in the wet market needs to be assessed carefully to deliver safe and quality meat to the customers. In addition, organizing basic training on pre-slaughter management and processing for both seller and processor and also ensuring the regular ante- and post- mortem inspection could improve the present situation in order to produce quality poultry meat.
Progressive Agriculture 31 (3): 205-217, 2020
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MOURA, D., J. GARCÍA-DÍEZ, C. SARAIVA, and M. A. PIRES. "First report of granulosa cell tumour associated with an endometrial adenoma in a crossbreed cow in Portugal." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 69, no. 3 (October 10, 2018): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.18889.
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A 12.5 year-old female crossbred cow without clinical signs at ante mortem inspection was slaughtered. The post-mortem inspection revealed poor carcass condition, interstitial nephritis and generalized lymphadenitis. The reproductive tract presented an unilateral and highly vascularized yellowish-white mass, with huge dimensions (60 x 40 cm and 20 Kg, approximately) described as granulosa cell tumour (GCT) and a endometrial adenoma, after histopathological analysis. GCT has been described as the most frequent ovarian tumour in cattle. Since clinical signs are usually unspecific, the post mortem diagnosis by histopathology examination is always necessary. The endometrial adenoma could be asymptomatic, with only absence of calving, or associated with GCT. This is, of our knowledge, the first report of a GCT associated with endometrial adenoma in a cow in Portugal.
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Unamba-Oparah, C., I. C. Unamba-Oparah, V. U. Odoemelam, and B. O. Obasi. "Knowledge attitude and practice of meat inspection among stakeholders in Owerri, South-eastern Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 45, no. 3 (December 24, 2020): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v45i3.443.
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Meat safety and disease surveillance are highly dependent on effective ante- and postmortem examination of meat at local abattoirs/slaughter slabs. In view of cases of emerging and re-emerging disease outbreaks of public health significance, it is important to use participatory epidemiology as a tool to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of animal presentation for ante-mortem and post-mortem evaluation using a local abattoir in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria as a case study. 90 Questionnaires were distributed and informal interviews held with stakeholders (animal owners, butchers, livestock department personnel and veterinary officers attached to the abattoir). Information gathered include; factors affecting the presentation of animals for inspection at the abattoir, attitude of animal owners and butchers to meat inspection, willingness and compliance of butchers during meat inspection, level of the butchers' knowledge of the importance of meat inspection and degree of access of the Veterinary officer-in-charge to all slaughtered animals. Result show that market demand, economic pressure and lack of understanding influence animal owners' and butchers' cooperation in meat inspection. Over 90 % of stakeholders understood the importance of meat inspection but more than 60% of animal owners and up to 40% of butchers feel they are uninformed about meat inspection. Incidentally almost 80 % of stakeholders do not blame the government for failures in the programme. Veterinary and other livestock department personnel are not as motivated and empowered to effectively execute their duties. There is need for increased education among stakeholders on the importance of meat inspection as well as prompt payment of compensations and more legal backing from government to promote the programme in the state and indeed in the country.
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Knock, Melody, and Grace A. Carroll. "The Potential of Post-Mortem Carcass Assessments in Reflecting the Welfare of Beef and Dairy Cattle." Animals 9, no. 11 (November 13, 2019): 959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9110959.
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There is increasing interest in utilizing meat inspection data to help inform farmers of the health and welfare of their herds. The aim of this study was to determine whether ante-mortem measures of welfare in beef and dairy cattle (N = 305) were associated with post-mortem measures at a United Kingdom (UK) abattoir. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the ability of ante-mortem measures of lameness, cleanliness, skin lesions, hair loss and body condition in predicting hot carcass weight and the frequency of carcass bruising. For beef cattle, lameness score (p = 0.04), cleanliness score (p = 0.02) and age (p < 0.001), were predictors of carcass bruise score while lameness score (p = 0.03), body condition (p = 0.01) and sex (p < 0.001) were predictors of hot carcass weight. For dairy cattle, sex (p < 0.001) and slaughter day (p < 0.001) were predictors of carcass bruise score while skin lesion score (p = 0.01), body condition (p < 0.001), age (p < 0.001), slaughter day (p < 0.001) and number of moves (p = 0.01) were predictors of hot carcass weight. These results suggest that recording carcass weight and carcass bruising at meat inspection may have potential as a general indicator of health and welfare status in cattle. However, animal characteristics and variables, such as slaughter day and abattoir staffing, should be taken into account when interpreting the results.
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Parvez, Md Anowar. "Concomitant Intravenous Therapy of Ceftriaxone and Calcium in Recumbent Dairy Cow Immediate after Delivery: Ante Mortem and Post Mortem Inspection." Research Journal for Veterinary Practitioners 3, no. 1 (2015): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14737/journal.rjvp/2015/3.1.15.18.
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VIAL, F., S. THOMMEN, and L. HELD. "A simulation study on the statistical monitoring of condemnation rates from slaughterhouses for syndromic surveillance: an evaluation based on Swiss data." Epidemiology and Infection 143, no. 16 (May 28, 2015): 3423–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268815000989.
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SUMMARYSyndromic surveillance (SyS) systems currently exploit various sources of health-related data, most of which are collected for purposes other than surveillance (e.g. economic). Several European SyS systems use data collected during meat inspection for syndromic surveillance of animal health, as some diseases may be more easily detected post-mortem than at their point of origin or during the ante-mortem inspection upon arrival at the slaughterhouse. In this paper we use simulation to evaluate the performance of a quasi-Poisson regression (also known as an improved Farrington) algorithm for the detection of disease outbreaks during post-mortem inspection of slaughtered animals. When parameterizing the algorithm based on the retrospective analyses of 6 years of historic data, the probability of detection was satisfactory for large (range 83–445 cases) outbreaks but poor for small (range 20–177 cases) outbreaks. Varying the amount of historical data used to fit the algorithm can help increasing the probability of detection for small outbreaks. However, while the use of a 0·975 quantile generated a low false-positive rate, in most cases, more than 50% of outbreak cases had already occurred at the time of detection. High variance observed in the whole carcass condemnations time-series, and lack of flexibility in terms of the temporal distribution of simulated outbreaks resulting from low reporting frequency (monthly), constitute major challenges for early detection of outbreaks in the livestock population based on meat inspection data. Reporting frequency should be increased in the future to improve timeliness of the SyS system while increased sensitivity may be achieved by integrating meat inspection data into a multivariate system simultaneously evaluating multiple sources of data on livestock health.
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Silva, Márcia R. M. da, Cibele N. S. Uyhara, Flavio H. Silva, Noeli M. Espindola, Mirele D. Poleti, Adelaide J. Vaz, Flávio V. Meirelles, and Antonio A. M. Maia. "Cysticercosis in experimentally and naturally infected pigs: parasitological and immunological diagnosis." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32, no. 4 (April 2012): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2012000400005.
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Our objective was to evaluate the diagnosis of swine cysticercosis by examining "ante mortem" (inspection of the tongue), "post mortem" (inspection and detailed necropsy) and ELISA for research in serum of antibodies (Ab-ELISA) and antigens (Ag-ELISA). Seven (7) pigs were experimentally infected orally with eggs of Taenia solium and another 10 were naturally infected. In the pigs experimentally infected, inspection of the tongue was negative in all animals, in the routine inspection detailed necropsy and cysticercis were identified in all of them. In pigs with heavy natural infection, inspection of the tongue identified cysticerci in two (20%), while at inspection with necropsy the parasites were identified in large quantities in all animals. In ELISA for antibody search (Ab-ELISA) TS-14 recombinant protein was used, and in search for antigen (Ag-ELISA) a monoclonal antibody against this protein. In animals experimentally infected, blood was collected weekly for 140 days. The Ab-ELISA identified an increase in titers of antibody to cysticerci 21 days after infection, and at the end of the experimental period six animals (86%) were positive to the test. The search for circulating antigens (Ag-ELISA) was positive in two pigs 28 to 91 days after infection. All naturally infected pigs were positive for Ag-ELISA and Ab-ELISA. The search for antibodies and antigens by ELISA in serum from 30 pigs of a local farm and without history of cysticercosis was negative. Thus, the use of TS-14 antigen in ELISA test (Ab-ELISA) can be useful for the diagnosis of cysticercosis in pigs with low infection.
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Upadhayaya, M., and B. Ghimire. "Survey on Good Hygiene Practices in Retail Meat Shops in Butwal Municipality, Nepal." Nepalese Veterinary Journal 35 (December 31, 2018): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nvj.v35i0.25248.
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Present study was conducted to assess good hygiene practices in retail meat shops for safe and wholesome meat production as well to understand different roles performed by delegated institutions in ensuring quality meat production. A descriptive survey design was used to answer questions concerning the current status of meat hygiene and sanitation practices in the retail meat shops in Butwal municipality. Meat handlers from the meat shops were interviewed through a structured questionnaire. A total of 190 retail meat shops were analyzed randomly to assess their meat hygiene knowledge. It was found that 93.68% of the meat handlers had no regular health check up, 38.42% of the butchers didn’t use protective clothes, 95.26% of meat shops had no evisceration facility, 77.37% of meat shops disposed their waste materials in open space nearby, 96.84% lack lariage facilities and 99.47% did not follow ante-mortem and post-mortem inspection. There was a knowledge gap about Slaughterhouse and Meat Inspection Act 1999 within 96.32% of the meat handlers. The study recommends implementation of Slaughterhouse and Meat Inspection Act 1999 which has been approved in 1999 by the GoN to promote hygiene practices and animal welfare thereby improving the quality standard of meat shops and finally the quality of meat.
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ABIOLA, S. S. "ASSESSMENT OF ABATTOIR AND SLAUGHTER SLAB OPERATIONS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 23, no. 1 (January 10, 2021): 82–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v23i1.2176.
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A study of daily activities at 15 registered slaughter points in Oyo State was conducted for six months. A total of 43,087 animals were slaughtered during the period. Cattle accounted. for 62.06%, sheep 4.50%, goats 28.13% and pigs 5.31% of the total. Make species were slaughtered in most cases. Ante-mortem inspection was restricted to the two abattoirs in the state while stunning of pigs was only observed in one of the abattoirs. Processing blood and bones for livestock feeds was common the operations to all the slaughter points in Ibadan. However, inadequate water supply and poor drainage were the major problems identified in most of the slaughter points.
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Amory, J. R., A. M. Mackenzie, G. P. Pearce, P. D. Eckersall, F. Lampreave, M. A. Alava, and M. A. Varley. "The effect of respiratory disease on various acute phase protein levels in the slaughter pig." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2001 (2001): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200004063.
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Respiratory health is an important aspect of pig production due to its effects on pig performance and welfare. Haptoglobin, an acute phase protein, has been identified as a sensitive indicator of infection with respiratory pathogens such as Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and has been suggested as a possible marker for non-specific surveillance of pig health status (Heergaard et al., 1998). Other acute phase proteins such as Major Acute Phase protein (MAP) and Serum Amyloid A (SAA) may also be of use in disease surveillance. However, little is known about the variation of these proteins and their associations with post-mortem signs of disease in the pig. This information could be of importance in monitoring herd health and in facilitating ante- and post-mortem inspection by identifying diseased animals. This study was designed to determine whether various acute phase proteins could be used to identify enzootic or pleuropneumonia in individual pigs or farms with increased prevalence of these diseases.
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Shekel, V. F., B. M. Kurtyak, A. I. Padovsky, and I. S. Dembitska. "Veterinary aspects of protection people`s heals and role VET departments in the sanitary food safety according to requirements OIE." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 83 (March 2, 2018): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8371.
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The main designs of the creating services of veterinary medicine are struggle with animal diseases and realization a series of obligatory preventive measures to control the most dangerous epizootics. The function services of veterinary medicine spreads to the intermediate chain «from farm – to slaughter» and a complete final chain «from crib – to table». Over the last decades, we have been paying attention to providing food safety from usual methods of control (so-called «good practice») to the using of food safety systems (HACCP). The work of the risk management system is extremely important, it is based on the regulation of the theses of the WTO (World Trade Organization) agreement with the SPM (sanitary and phytosanitary measures). Veterinary services have an important role in the practical implementation of the risk analysis procedure. The tasks set are based on the national legislation of each country, with clear concordance with partners – participants in international trade. In veterinary services tasks includes an important role abreast farms for informing on consultancy on the elimination and control of hazards, including the sanitary safety of feed, residual medicaments and pesticides, mycotoxins and contaminants from the environment. The meat-slaughter inspection of live animals (ante mortem) and their brawns (post mortem) are very important. The Codex for Animal Health contains recommendations for the control of serious biological hazards to animal health and human health by using the above-mentioned inspections. The Codex Alimentarius Commission lead a close cooperation in the preparation of rules that guarantee the protection of food products during the chain of production. The management of the veterinary services have to own the operational systems that allow for the supervision of inspection procedures and the exchange of information in order to achieve maximum effectiveness. Worth integrating systems of animal identification, that make it possible to constantly ascertain the farm of origin as the animals themselves, as well as tracking the processing of slaughter products during the chain. An important function of veterinary services is the issuance of sanitary certificates for both internal use and for export.
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Zainalabidin, Fazly Ann, Fadilah Mohd Hassan, Nur Sapinah Mat Zin, Wan Nabilah Wan Azmi, and Mohd Iswadi Ismail. "Halal System in Meat Industries." Malaysian Journal of Halal Research 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjhr-2019-0001.
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AbstractHalal certification is one of the prerequisites for entering the global halal market. It does provide recognition of quality and safe product through the concept of halalan toyyiban for the entire supply chain, from farm to fork. In halal meat industry, the system covers from practicing good animal husbandry in the farm until the post-slaughter management in order to maintain the halal status. Animal welfare aspect and ante-mortem inspection were also highlighted in reducing the chances of slaughtering the injured or diseased animal which may not only affecting the meat quality but unhealthy for consumption. Rapid bleeding resulting from the slaughtering process will increases the shelf-life of the meat by reducing the risk of carcass contamination and product deterioration. As the concept of toyyiban (wholesomeness) is practice, the meat is free from any microbiological, physical and chemical hazards.
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Dutta, Nishchal, Shafiqur Rahman, Shagufta Azmi, and Muneer Ahmad Dar. "Haematological alterations due to lung diseases in sheep and goats of Jammu region." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 1691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i3.1423.
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The present study was conducted for evaluation of haematological parameters in sheep (330) and goat (230) having various lung affections that were slaughtered routinely as a source of food in Jammu region (Gujjar Nagar, Dogra Hall, Bishnah and Nagrota). About 25.75% (85) and 21.30% (49)of lungs examined in sheep and goats respectively were found to have parasitic infestation of Hydatidosis, Myiasis and Mulleriuscapillaris. Furthermore about 31.81% (105) and 29.13% (67) of selected lungs had pathological conditions of pneumonia, abscess and haemorrhage in sheep and goats respectively. Diseased sheep and goats reflected significant decrease in haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and erythrocytes (RBC) in parasitic infestation of Myiasis as compared to control while non significant alteration in these parameters was observed in conditions of Hydatidosis, M. capillaris, pneumonia, abscess and haemorrhage. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) decreased significantly in Myiasis of sheep and haemorrhagic lungs of goats while no significant change was observed in mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values. Significant increase in leucocytes (WBC), neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils were observed in both sheep and goats affected with various parasitic and pathological lung disesases with no significant change in basophilic count. Lymphocytic count decreased in all these adversed lung conditions as compared to healthy ones. Parasitic infection though not mixed one especially that of Myiasis comparatively has significant affected on blood parameters. The present study signifies the complementary importance of ante -mortem examination with that of post-mortem inspection in various parasitic and pathological affections of lungs.
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van Staaveren, Nienke, Bernadette Doyle, Alison Hanlon, and Laura Boyle. "Multi-Stakeholder Focus Groups on Potential for Meat Inspection Data to Inform Management of Pig Health and Welfare on Farm." Agriculture 9, no. 2 (February 19, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9020040.
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Meat inspection (MI) findings can act as a valuable source of information on pig health and welfare. The PIG WELFare INDicators (PIGWELFIND) project (Research Stimulus Fund 11/S/107) was developed to progress the development of ante and post mortem MI as a pig health and welfare diagnostic tool in Ireland. Three multi-stakeholder focus groups were organized to explore areas of conflict and agreement between stakeholders’ vision for including pig health and welfare indicators in MI and on how to achieve this vision. Each focus group consisted of eight stakeholders: pig producers, Teagasc pig advisors, pig processors, veterinarians involved in MI, private veterinary practitioners, and personnel with backgrounds in general animal health and welfare and food safety policy. In general, stakeholders expressed positive attitudes towards the use of MI data to inform pig health and welfare when standardization of recording and feedback is improved, and the MI system provides real-time benchmarking possibilities. Most emphasis was placed on health indicators as a first priority, while it was felt that welfare-related indicators could be included after practical barriers had been addressed (i.e., line speed/feasibility, standardization and training of meat inspectors, data ownership). Recommendations are made to further progress the development of MI as a pig health and welfare diagnostic tool and address some of these barriers.
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Barnabé, Nathanael Natércio da Costa, José Romero Alexandre Alves, Areano Ethério Moreira de Farias, Francisco Selmo Fernandes Alves, Patrícia Yoshida Faccioli-Martins, Raymundo Rizaldo Pinheiro, Sérgio Santos de Azevedo, and Clebert José Alves. "Semina: Ciências Agrárias USER You are logged in as... seminagra My Journals My Profile Log Out LANGUAGE Select Language English JOURNAL CONTENT Search Search Scope All Browse By Issue By Author By Title Other Journals FONT SIZE INFORMATION For Readers For Authors For Librarians Journal Help OPEN JOURNAL SYSTEMS HOME ABOUT USER HOME SEARCH CURRENT ARCHIVES AUTHOR GUIDELINE REGISTER INDEXERS JOURNALS PORTAL UEL Home > Vol 41, No 6 (2020) > Barnabé Assessment of caseous lymphadenitis in goats in a slaughterhouse in the Brazilian semi-arid region and estimates of economic losses due to carcass condemnation." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 41, no. 6 (September 19, 2020): 2655–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6p2655.
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Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) caused by the pathogenic bacterium, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, results in economic loss in goat farming. Its prevalence in Brazilian herds varies from 5 to 50%, generating expenses with treatment, loss in production, carcass and organ condemnation, and reduced price of the hide. This study aimed to describe the distribution of lesions and quantify the loss associated with CLA in goat breeding due to condemnation in a slaughterhouse located in a semiarid region. The study was conducted at the municipal slaughterhouse of the city of Patos, State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil, where goats from this intermediate geographical region are slaughtered. In 2017, 3,662 animals were slaughtered, an average of 305 per month. During the study period, from March to August 2017, 304 goats of both sexes and different ages of undefined breed were assessed. In the ante-mortem examination, inspection and palpation of the superficial lymph nodes was done; in the post-mortem examination, organ and viscera were assessed. The caseous material collected was sent for microbiological analysis. Of the 304 individuals, 227 [74.67% (95% CI: 69.50-79.23)] did not have any lesions, while 77 [25.33% (95% CI: 20.77-30.50)] showed abscesses suggestive of CLA, which was confirmed in 65 goats [84.41% (95% CI: 76.30-92.50)]. Sex (P = 0.044) and age (P = 0.002) were associated with infection. While the sex of the animals affected carcass and viscera weights and carcass yield, their age affected live weight, carcass, organ, and viscera weights; conversely, the incidence of CLA did not affect these variables. The average price in Real (R$) of a kilogram (kg) of goat meat cuts and "offal" was used to calculate the economic loss. Considering the average carcass weight (11,485 kg), organ weight (1,085 kg), and viscera weight (2,013 kg), 4,433.232 kg of meat was produced, resulting in R$ 72,945.43. The condemnations resulted in the loss of 269.894 kg, which is equivalent to R$ 4,540.33. CLA is responsible for a negative impact of 6.09% on production. Implementing control measures for this disease is important to increase the financial return in goat farming.
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Temesgen, Tuge. "Prevalence and Economic Significance of Hydatidosis on Cattle Slaughtered at Nekemte Municipal Abattoir, Western Ethiopia." Veterinary Medicine – Open Journal 5, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/vmoj-5-150.
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Aim The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of hydatidosis, to identify the association between expected risk factors and occurrence of the disease, to investigate economic importance and to evaluate fertility and viability of the hydatid cyst in cattle slaughtered at the abattoir. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study, which involves both ante-mortem and post-mortem examination, was conducted at Nekemte municipal abattoir from November 2015 to March 2016. Results A total of 355 local cattle breed was randomly sampled and examined for the presence of hydatid cysts in the organs of the animals using the standard meat inspection procedures, 66 (18.6%) animals were found harboring hydatid cysts. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the prevalence of bovine hydatidosis in all risk factors with exception of sex of the animals. Among 207 hydatid cysts recorded, 93 (44.92%) were from lungs, 65 (31.40%) from livers, 4 (1.93%) from heart, 3 (1.44%) from kidney, 1 (0.48%) from spleen and 41 (19.8%) were in two organs from lung and liver. Fifty-seven (57) of these 207 cysts were randomly selected and subjected to fertility and viability test which revealed 19 (33.33%) as fertile, 25 (43.86 %) sterile and 13 (22.81%) calcified. Viability test proved 7 (12.28%) of 19 fertile cysts as viable and 12 (21.05%) of 19 fertile cysts as non-viable. Viability of cysts in different organs revealed that 5 (16.1%) and 2 (10%) of cysts from lungs and liver, respectively. The estimated financial loss during the study period both due to condemnation of organs and an in direct carcass weight loss from hydatidosis was 2,190,143.52 ETB. Conclusion The results of this study revealed that bovine hydatidosis was an economically important disease of cattle which need serious attention for prevention and control actions in and around Nekemte. Hence, establishment of well-equipped standardized abattoirs, prohibition of backyard slaughter, creation of public awareness, deworming and control of stray dogs are of paramount importance.
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Wojtacka, Joanna, Beata Wysok, and Joanna Szteyn. "Analysis of the Factors Influencing Veterinary Food Inspectors in Poland." Animals 10, no. 5 (May 19, 2020): 884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10050884.
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The evaluation of the quality of Veterinary Inspection in Poland has received much attention in the past few years. Veterinarians working as Food Inspectors face numerous and newly arising problems in the protection of animal health status, providing surveillance information on the occurrence of diseases, and carrying out risk analyses of the hazards related to food of animal origin. From the 130 active veterinarians attending the post graduate courses in “Hygiene of slaughter animals, meat and animal origin products” in Poland, 119 took part in the survey. The questionnaire consisted of 15 questions that delivered information on demographic features of the respondents, and various aspects of the course of their work: (a) Motivation to undertake work in food safety sector, (b) overall job satisfaction, (c) crucial negative factors and (d) occupational hazards. Participants were mainly under 40 years of age. They were Veterinary Food Inspectors working as Official and Approved Veterinarians. Permanent position and economic reasons were their main motivation in the food safety sector. They indicated problems related to insufficient training in ante and post mortem examination, work with legal acts and risk analysis. They also declared a lack of preparation in coping with crisis situations. One third of the respondents declared their health and lives were endangered, while fulfilling professional duties and pointed at different sources of hazards. The overall evaluation of the work in food safety sector was rated good and satisfactory.
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Kalio, G. A., and A. Ali-Uchechukwu. "Assessment of abattoirs operations and hygiene practices in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 3 (December 23, 2020): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i3.858.
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A survey was conducted to appraise the location, infrastructures, and slaughter operational activities in three abattoirs at Rumuokoro, Trans-Amadi and Rumuosi in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. Thirty butchers of 10 per abattoir were purposively sampled for the study. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages and mean statistics Results of the socio-demographic characteristics of the butchers revealed that they were all males, married, within the age of 35 - 44years, literate, with a butchering experience of 16 years upwards in private or public/Government owned abattoirs. The slaughter houses were located in areas devoid of bad odours, smoke, dust and close to coastal areas affected by tides to promote good sanitation. There were no adequately constructed lairages, Ante-mortem inspection and isolation pens were inadequate. There were no facilities and rooms for handling hides and skins, treatment of inedible and condemned carcass and meat. Animals were poorly restrained and not stunned before slaughtering. The slaughter houses had planned and controlled cleaning programs but lacked efficient disinfection operations and this will contribute to bacterial contamination of carcasses. The operational lapses by butchers were due to the use of obsolete facilities that lacked maintenance and inadequate supervision. This condition had brought about poor hygienic practices that undermine the quality of carcasses. The recommendations proffered are: the provision and maintenance facilities for effective operations to ensure carcass quality, to adequately enforce enacted laws on abattoir operations, there should be enlightenment for butchers and meat sellers, and there should be effective management of the wastes from slaughterhouses through regular fumigations and disposal systems.
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Teka, Getachew. "Prevalence and Economic Significance of Bovine Hydatidosis and Cysticercosis in Mekelle Municipality Abattoir, Northern Ethiopia." Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research 2, no. 3 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000135.
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A cross - sectional study was conducted from November 2009 to March 2010 on cysticercosis ( Cystice rcus bovis ) and cystic echinococcosis in cattle slaughtered at Mekelle municipality abattoir in Tigray region of Ethiopia with over all objectives of determining the prevalence of metacestods and providing the baseline data on their status and socio econom ic importance in the study area. Accordingly, a total of 1800 randomly selected slaughtered cattle were examined both during ante mortem and postmortem inspection and then a prevalence of 22.2% (399/1800) for hydatidosis and 4.44% (80/1800) for cysticercos is observed. The distribution of Cysticercosis in infected organs and tissue showed: masseter muscle and heart (0.2%), lung (0.7%), tongue (0.4%) and liver (3.1%). The logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors revealed that there was statistic ally insignificant difference in the prevalence of taeniasis between animals from different origin and age (P > 0.05). Regarding the distribution of hydatid cyst; lung (13%), liver (8.2%), spleen (0.44%), kidney (0.17%) and heart (0.3%). Study results indi cated that age, body condition and origin have significant effect (P < 0.05) on the prevalence of the disease. A lower percentage of calcified cysts (23.3%) out of cyst examined and relatively high percentage, 37.8% and 38.9% of the total cysts were fertil e and sterile, respectively. The total annual economic loss from organ condemnation and carcass weight loss due to hydatidosis and cysticercosis was estimated to be 930,918.52 ETB. The result of this study revealed that metacestode is the major disease cau sing direct and indirect economic losses significantly in the study area. Control strategies should be instituted taking into account the social, cultural and economic condition at the study area.
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Barnabé, Nathanael Natércio da Costa, José Dêvede da Silva, Maira Porto Viana, Newcelia Paiva Barreto, Évyla Layssa Gonçalves Andrade, Pedro Jorge Álvares de Faria, Albério Antonio de Barros Gomes, Severino Silvano dos Santos Higino, Sérgio Santos Azevedo, and Clebert José Alves. "Characterization of caseous lymphadenitis in caprine animals slaughtered in a semi-arid region of Brazil." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 40, no. 5 (July 4, 2019): 1867. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5p1867.
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In the Northeast of Brazil, goat breeding plays an important socioeconomic and strategic role in coexistence within the semi-arid region. The rural nature of the species and adaptations that are appropriate for the climate are some of the characteristics that favor the Northeast as the largest national producer of goats (93% of the national herd). In spite of this, sanitary deficiencies facilitate the appearance and diffusion of pathogenic agents that compromise the productivity, e.g., Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, which are widespread in the national herd and cause damages in the industry. The objective of this study was to characterize caseous lymphadenitis (CL) in lamb cuttings at semi-arid abattoirs. The research was carried out between March and August 2017 at the Municipal Abattoir of Patos, State of Paraíba, Brazil, where the caprines from this region are slaughtered. We studied 304 animals with no defined racial pattern, of both the sexes, characterized according to their age group as evidenced by their teeth, submitted to ante- and post-mortem examinations with microbiological confirmation. Cheek material was processed for diagnostic confirmation, using the techniques of isolation and microbiological identification (gold standard). The bacteriological examination confirmed the presence of the agent in 21.38% of the animals, in which 13.16% were females and 8.22% were males. Of those affected, 11.51% had the clinical form of the disease, while 9.87% had the subclinical form and 1.31% had both the clinical form as well as the internal impairment. The precrural (25.71%), mammary (11.43%), and prescapular (11.43%) lymph nodes were the most affected. Internally, the most affected were the liver (63.33%), lung (13.33%), and medium mediastinal lymph nodes (10%). The presence of skin lesion/scars (Odds ratio = 2.394, 95% CI = 1.371 - 4.182, p = 0.003) and sex (females) (Odds ratio = 1.845, 95% CI = 1.053 - 3.232, p = 0.044) were found to be risk factors. CL is present in goats from the intermediate geographical region of Patos, reinforcing the need for control measures, with attention to the inspection of animals in the slaughter line.
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Sambodo, Priyo, Isti Widayati, Dwi Nurhayati, Alnita Baaka, and Rizki Arizona. "Pemeriksaan Status Kesehatan Hewan Kurban Dalam Situasi Wabah Covid-19 di Kabupaten Manokwari." IGKOJEI: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 1, no. 1 (October 29, 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.46549/igkojei.v1i1.140.
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ABSTRACT
The activity was carried out to determine the health status of qurban animals and the worthiness of the qurban meat during eid al-Adha in Manokwari Regency through antemortem and postmortem examinations along with the application of health protocols during the Covid-19 pandemic. Six hundred fifty-six beef cattle were examined. The antemortem examination includes the observation of the general condition, eye mucosa, anus, and fecal matter. The liver and rumen were examined through direct observation (inspection) of the presence of worm parasites. Covid-19 health protocol observations were carried out on butchers, meat officers, and the facilities around the activity. The data were analyzed descriptively and presented in percentages and figures. The average Body Condition Score (BCS) of the cattle was 3 to 4. The locomotion and skin turgor was normal. In general, the examined meat was fit for consumption. The eye mucosa color in the examined cows was pink. The anus condition of all the cows examined is clean and the stool consistency is soft. A total of 106 livers (16.16%) had fasciolosis and 89 rumens (13.57%) were positively infested with Paramphistomum sp. Most of the slaughter places have implemented health protocols with body temperature checks, washing their hands when entering the slaughtering area and most of the workers have to wear a mask.
Keywords: Qurban Animals; Heartworms; Covid-19
ABSTRAK
Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status kesehatan hewan kurban dan kelayakan daging kurban di Kabupaten Manokwari melalui pemeriksaan antemortem dan postmortem dan penerapan protokol kesehatan selama wabah covid-19. Hewan yang diperiksa adalah sapi dengan jumlah sebanyak 656 ekor. Pemeriksaan terdiri atas ante-mortem meliputi pemeriksaan keadaan umum, mukosa mata, anus dan feses dengan cara inspeksi dan pemeriksaan post-mortem, meliputi: hati dan rumen yang dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung (inspeksi) keberadaan parasit cacing dalam organ periksa. Pengamatan protokol kesehatan covid-19 dilakukan pada: petugas jagal, petugas daging, petugas jeroan dan fasilitas disekitar kegiatan berlangsung. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam persen dan gambar. Rerata Body Condition Score (BCS) sapi yang disembelih adalah 3 sampai 4. Lokomosi 100% dan turgor kulit normal. Secara umum daging yang diperiksa layak dikonsumsi. Rerata warna mukosa mata pada sapi yang diperiksa adalah merah muda. Keadaan anus dari seluruh sapi yang diperiksa adalah bersih dan konsistensi fesesnya lunak. Sebanyak 106 organ hati sapi (16,16%) yang diperiksa mengalami fasciolosis dan sebanyak 89 rumen (13,57%) positif terinfestasi Paramphistomum sp. Sebagian besar tempat penyembelihan telah melakukan protokol kesehatan berupa pemeriksaan suhu tubuh, wajib cuci tangan saat memasuki area penyembelihan dan sebagian besar petugas jagal, petugas daging dan petugas jeroan telah mengenakan masker.
Kata Kunci: Hewan Kurban; Cacing Hati; Covid-19
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Adama, J. Y., L. L. Mande, and A. Usman. "Detection of antimicrobial drug residues in edible tissues from Bunaji cattle slaughtered in Minna modern abattoir." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 47, no. 6 (February 28, 2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v47i6.2869.
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The occurrence of antimicrobial drug residues in edible tissues of slaughtered animals in Nigeria due to indiscriminate drug administration by livestock farmers necessitated this study in Bunaji cattle slaughtered in Minna modern abattoir. A total of 168 edible tissues comprising of meat, liver and kidney were collected from 56 Bunaji cattle slaughtered every two weeks for a period of four months. Microbial inhibition test was employed to screen samples for evidence of antimicrobial drug residues as well as quantitative test using ELISA test kid. 29 (51.78%) samples tested positive with zone of inhibition at various levels of residue (12, 13, 15, 17, 19 and 20mm), which signified high levels of residue. Samples from female cattle contained highest residue value of 20 (68.90%) and values at 20mm. Ages between 6-10 years had 17 (58.62%) while the lowest residue was recorded at older animals above 10 years 5(17.24%). The quantitative test using ELISA test kid showed a total of 89 (52.78%) of the samples confirmed positive at various inhibition levels. Oxytetracycline residues from the positive results were determined for meat, liver and kidney. The results obtained indicated that, 100 % of the samples contained oxytetracycline residues at various optical density levels. 41.78 %, were above set residue limits of 0.2 mg/kg, 0.6 mg/kg and 1.2 mg /kg for meat, liver and kidney, respectively From the results it is authenticated that consumers in Minna metropolitan are predisposed to health hazards due to high levels of antimicrobials residues in meat slaughtered in the abattoir. This emphasises the need for effective prevention of infectious diseases, enforcement of ante-mortem inspection, general enlightenment and possible establishment of antimicrobial residues monitoring unit in the study area. La présence de résidus de médicaments antimicrobiens dans les tissus consommables d'animaux abattus au Nigéria en raison de l'administration de médicaments sans discernement par les éleveurs a nécessité cette étude sur des bovins Bunaji abattus dans l'abattoir moderne de Minna. Un total de 168 tissus consommables comprenant de la viande, du foie et des reins ont été prélevés sur 56 bovins Bunaji abattus toutes les deux semaines pendant une période de quatre mois. Microbial inhibition test was employed to screen samples for evidence of antimicrobial drug residues as well as quantitative test using ELISA test kid. 29(51.78%) samples tested positive with zone of inhibition at various levels of residue (12, 13, 15, 17, 19 and 20mm), which signified high levels of residue.29 échantillons (51,78%) ont été testés positifs avec une zone d'inhibition à divers niveaux de résidus (12, 13, 15, 17, 19 et 20 mm), ce qui signifie des niveaux élevés de résidus. Les échantillons de bovins femelles contenaient la valeur de résidu la plus élevée de 20 (68,90%) et les valeurs à 20 mm. Les âges entre 6 et 10 ans en comptaient 17 (58,62%) tandis que le résidu le plus bas était enregistré chez les animaux plus âgés de plus de 10 ans 5 (17,24%). Le test quantitatif utilisant le test 'ELISA kid' a montré un total de 89 (52,78%) des échantillons qui se sont confirmés positifs à divers niveaux d'inhibition. Les résidus d'oxytétracycline des résultats positifs ont été déterminés pour la viande, le foie et les reins. Les résultats obtenus ont indiqué que 100% des échantillons contenaient des résidus d'oxytétracycline à divers niveaux de densité optique. 41,78%, étaient au-dessus des limites de résidus fixées de 0,2 mg / kg, 0,6 mg / kg et 1,2 mg / kg pour la viande, le foie et les reins, respectivement. À partir des résultats, il est authentifié que les consommateurs de la métropole de Minna sont prédisposés à des risques pour la santé en raison des niveaux élevés de résidus d'antimicrobiens dans la viande abattue dans l'abattoir. Cela souligne la nécessité d'une prévention efficace des maladies infectieuses, de l'application de l'inspection ante mortem, de la prise de conscience générale et de la création éventuelle d'une unité de surveillance des résidus d'antimicrobiens dans la zone d'étude.
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Murray, E. "Welfare in abattoirs." BSAP Occasional Publication 23 (January 1999): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00033206.
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AbstractThe Meat Hygiene Service (MHS) is responsible for the enforcement of the welfare legislation governing the slaughter of a wide range of food animal species. The principal legislation is contained in the Welfare of Animals (Slaughter or Killing) Regulations 1995 (WASK) which give effect to the Provisions of Council Directive 93/119/EC on the Protection of Animals at Time of Slaughter or Killing, as contained in the EU Official Journal No. 340, 31/12/93. Codes of practice, prepared and issued by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food after consultation with all interested parties, provide guidance in respect of these welfare regulations. The legislation governing animal transit are contained in the Welfare of Animals (Transport) Order 1997 (WATO) which is enforced by local authorities, although MHS officers at abattoirs monitor the unloading of livestock and carry out ante-mortem inspections. Animal welfare standards, which must never be compromised, should be continually improved and based on sound science rather than on uninformed opinion and anthropomorphism. There is a need for more high quality research on animal welfare, for clear concise user-friendly codes of practice for the industry, and for continued education of all parties involved, including consumers.
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Babayemi, O. J., M. O. Ajayi, and S. O. Akinsola. "Assessment of meat demand: A case study in the University of Ibadan for beef enterprise." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 3 (January 2, 2021): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i3.621.
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Poor adherence to food safety and wholesome practices in meat processing and handling is a common phenomenon in some public abattoirs in Nigeria. The quality of beef consumed by the University community is an issue of concern. Information on the extent of beef patronage has not been documented. Thus, beef demand at the University of Ibadan abattoir was assessed. Ante-mortem and post-mortem inspections by the University Veterinarian were performed on slaughter days from January 2013 to April 2015. The data collected were customer: day of purchase, Department/Unit, sex and rank. The quantity demanded and the parts requested were also noted. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that a total of 22,884 contacts were recorded. An increase in patronage from 42.24% in 2013 to 57.76% in 2014 was evident. Women (53.60%) requested for meat than male counterpart. The requests for 1-2kg, 2-4kg and above 4kg at a time were 58.9%, 19.1% and 10.0% respectively. For the day of purchase, the patronage was higher on Fridays (59.20%) as compared to Wednesdays. The last week of the month attracted higher demand (36.20%) than weeks 1 (21.0%), 2 (22.3%) and 3 (20.5%). A noticeable increase in demand was during festive periods. A high percentage occurred in the number of customers that specified the actual parts (63.5%) of the meat requested and those that did not while females specified more (57.82%) than males. Highest preference for special parts was observed among the Professors (45%). More patronage was observed for people at closer Departments/Unit to the abattoir. It may be concluded that day of slaughter, proximity to slaughter house, sex, status and special occasions are vital factors that affect beef demand enterprise in the University of Ibadan.
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Veldhuis, Anouk M. B., Debora Smits, Martijn Bouwknegt, Heleen Worm, and Gerdien van Schaik. "Added Value of Meat Inspection Data for Monitoring of Dairy Cattle Health in the Netherlands." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 8 (July 15, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.661459.
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Meat inspection records of one large cattle slaughterhouse were analyzed to evaluate the added value of slaughterhouse data for cattle health surveillance in the Netherlands. Data were available from January 2015 to September 2018, consisting of 467,361 meat inspection records. Analyses included (1) an assessment of the representativeness of the cattle herds in the slaughterhouse data in relation to the cattle herd population in the Netherlands, and (2) multivariable analyses to quantify associations between meat inspection findings and farm of origin characteristics, and the trends in time of the findings in slaughtered cattle. Ninety percent of the meat inspection records originated from dairy cattle therefore this paper only presents the results of dairy herds (N = 422,194 cattle). The dairy herds in the slaughterhouse data seemed representative for the Dutch dairy population although their regional coverage differed from the distribution of dairy herds in the Netherlands. Non-dairy herds were underrepresented in the slaughterhouse data which stresses the importance of the inclusion of data from other slaughterhouses that may be more specialized in slaughtering beef cattle. Inspection records were categorized into 15 indicators related to ante-mortem and post-mortem findings. Following multivariable analyses, seven indicators were deemed of added value to existing cattle health surveillance components, as they provided either new information or information regarding specific health problems.
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Sabo, Bello. "Foetal Wastage in Camel (Camelus dromedarius) Slaughtered at Katsina Central Abattoir, Katsina State Nigeria." International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, November 30, 2018, 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/ijsrset21841112.
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Foetal wastage through slaughter of pregnant camels was evaluated for a period of six months (from July–December, 2017) at Katsina abattoir. A total of 738 camels were slaughtered within the study period out of which 456 (62%) were females. 64 (14%) of the number were pregnant. It was observed that, of the 64 Foetuses, 15 (23%) were in the first trimester, 30(47%) were in second trimester and 19 (30%) were in third trimester. Estimated financial losses annually through slaughter of pregnant camels at Katsina central abattoir was ₦16,640,000. It was concluded that relevant government agencies should ensure enforcement of policies relating sales of pregnant camels for slaughter. Adequate ante-mortem inspection be carried out, enlightment campaigns on farmers and butchers on the financial implication of slaughtering pregnant camels.
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Corradini, Alessandra, Marcello Trevisani, Geremia Dosa, and Anna Padovani. "Information management and ante-mortem inspection procedures for the emerging diseases control: Experiences acquired in the epidemiological surveillance of bluetongue and lumpy skin disease." Italian Journal of Food Safety 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijfs.2018.6922.
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The spread of exotic, emerging and reemerging diseases, has become, in the last years, one of the most important threats to the animal productions and public health, representing a new challenge for the European Community. In a global-market framework, where trade and contacts between countries are simplified, effective and well-developed surveillance systems are necessary. Multiple factors are, in fact, associated with the emergence of new, known or exotic diseases in this new economic panorama and for these reasons controls on animal imports, traceability and timeliness detection of infected animals should be considered the basis of a sound surveillance. In this work, we focused our attention on the management of Bluetongue and on the risk of introduction of the Lumpy Skin Disease in Italy, in order to describe the national and European surveillance systems for these diseases. In particular, we underlined the crucial role of information that reach the Official Veterinarian at the slaughterhouse concerning the epidemiological situation of the sending countries. Information that are important for the management of the ante-mortem inspection and for increasing the awareness of the Veterinary Inspectors of their role in the surveillance.
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Swai, Emmanuel S., Abdu A. Hayghaimo, Ayubu A. Hassan, and Bartholomeo S. Mhina. "The slaughter of increased numbers of pregnant cows in Tanga abattoir, Tanzania: A cause for concern?" Onderstepoort J Vet Res 82, no. 1 (February 27, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v82i1.947.
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Information on the level of foetal wastage in slaughtered cattle in Tanzania is limited. A three-month observational study (April – June 2014) of animals slaughtered at the Tanga abattoir in Tanga region, Tanzania was carried out to determine the number of pregnant cows slaughtered. The total number of cattle slaughtered during the study period was 3643, representing a monthly kill average of 1214 and a daily kill average of 40. Over 98% of the cattle presented to the abattoir for slaughter were local breed (Tanzania shorthorn zebu) and most were above 3 years of age. Improved breeds of cattle represented only 1.3% of all slaughters. Of the cattle slaughtered, 2256 (61.9%) were female and 1387 (38.1%) were male. A total of 655 slaughtered cows were pregnant, representing a foetal wastage of 29.1%. Of the 655 recovered foetuses, 333 (50.8%) were male and 322 (49.2%) were female. Of the recovered foetuses, 25.8% were recovered in the first, 42.7% in the second and 31.6% in the third trimester. This study indicates cases of significant foetal losses, negatively impacting future replacement stock as a result of the slaughter of pregnant animals. The indiscriminate slaughter of pregnant cows suggests that existing animal welfare legislation is not sufficiently enforced and routine veterinary ante-mortem inspection of trade animals is failing to prevent the high level of foetal wastage.
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"Trans-rectal palpation in cows: An appraisal of its teaching in selected veterinary schools in Southern Nigeria." Savannah Veterinary Journal, September 28, 2019, 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36759/svj.2019.033.
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Introduction: Trans-rectal palpation (TRP) is the examination of the internal genitalia of female large animals which is carried out via the rectum and taught mostly during the clinical years of veterinary training. This study was conducted to evaluate the essence of TRP to veterinary medicine programme in Nigerian veterinary schools in Southern Nigeria. Methods: One hundred final year students were randomly selected from two veterinary schools to fill prepared questionnaire. The first part was on bio-data of respondents. The second part tested knowledge of students on anatomy and physiology of reproductive organ/system in cow. The last section dealt with extent of their involvement in TRP, frequency of palpation with live animal, impact of the training on skill development and their confidence on using this technique post-graduation. The data were presented with descriptive statistics (frequent and percentage). Association between frequency of palpation and confidence to employ TRP during clinical service post-graduation was tested with Chi square and statistical significance was established at p < 0.05. Results: More male students (65%) than female (35%) responded to the survey. Most respondents (43%) were within age group 25-30 years compared to <25 and >30 years age groups. The students demonstrated good knowledge of anatomy and physiology of the reproductive tract of cow with 72% having high scores (? 75%). The majority of the students (90%) were able to use live animals for TRP exercise, out of which only 25 (28%) had performed palpation on a live cow (?3×). There was a strong (p > 0.05) association between frequency of palpation and the confidence displayed by respondents to use the method post-graduation. Significance: It is recommended that students should be taught TRP with live animals possibly by being involved in ante mortem inspection of cattle meant for slaughter at the abattoir.
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Akkina, Judy, and Leah Estberg. "Use of slaughter condemnation data to detect cattle health events in near real-time." Online Journal of Public Health Informatics 11, no. 1 (May 30, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.5210/ojphi.v11i1.9787.
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ObjectiveUse United States cattle slaughter condemnation data as an animal health indicator for early detection of health events and to characterize trends in condemnation reasons.IntroductionData collected at livestock slaughter can be a useful source of non-specific health indicators including clinical signs, symptoms and proxy measures1. When monitored in near real-time, this data can enable the detection of both livestock and human health threats1. In the United States (US), the Federal Meat Inspection Act requires ante-mortem inspection of animals and post-mortem inspection of carcasses by veterinarians to ensure the meat product will be fit for human consumption2. Inspections are carried out by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety Inspection Service (FSIS) and results are recorded in the Public Health Information System (PHIS), including the reason for condemnation if the animal or carcass is deemed unfit. Since April 2016 the USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Veterinary Services (VS) has used data from the PHIS to monitor changes in the weekly count/rate of cattle condemnations for three cattle types, beef cows, dairy cows, and fed cattle (steers and heifers), and for selected condemnation reasons (central nervous system (CNS), dead, emaciation, mastitis, moribund, pneumonia, pyrexia, and septicemia). These eight reasons were chosen from 45 potential reasons recorded at condemnation as likely to identify clinical signs associated with foreign animal diseases of interest and to monitor trends in important animal health issues such as pneumonia and mastitis.MethodsPHIS slaughter and condemnation data is downloaded weekly and stored and analyzed in an Access database. Tableau visualization software is used for mapping and time series signaling charts (example basin chart Figure 1). Only establishments slaughtering more than 600 cattle/week are included in analysis because smaller establishments may not operate weekly and many have very low slaughter volumes. With the small establishments excluded, our monitoring covers 93%, 90%, and 85% of slaughtered beef, dairy, and fed cattle, respectively. Weekly analysis is conducted by cattle type for each included establishment and for establishments grouped into geographic based catchment basins. The basins were created to identify signals occurring over a region, even if at the establishment level the increase is not large enough to produce a signal. Another purpose for basins is to allow sharing of results at a summary level that does not identify an individual establishment. Weekly normalized condemnation counts are created by dividing the actual condemn counts by the total number destined for slaughter that week, and then multiplying by the average number destined for slaughter per week for the past year. The Early Aberration Reporting System (EARS C3) time series alerting algorithm is used to identify unusual increases (signals) in these weekly normalized condemnation counts. An analyst characterizes establishment and basin signals as unremarkable, notable or needing follow up with FSIS. An unremarkable signal is defined as at least one previous signal or normalized count of similar magnitude in the past 12 months and no signal for that establishment the previous week. A notable signal is defined as no previous signal or normalized count of similar magnitude in the past 12 months or two or more signals occurring over sequential weeks. Basin signals are researched to determine which establishments are responsible for the signal. An analyst determines which highly notable basin and establishment signals need follow up with FSIS. Results are summarized in a weekly report for VS cattle commodity staff about any noteworthy increases in condemnations which could indicate the emergence of disease and may warrant further investigation. In addition a 2017 annual report was completed to describe, visualize, summarize and compare condemnations from 2015-17 by cattle type and condemnation reason.ResultsIn 2017 the percentage of beef, dairy and fed cattle condemned for the eight monitored reasons out of all cattle presented for slaughter at the monitored establishments was 0.375%, 1.651%, and 0.022%, respectively. For beef cows the three most frequent reasons were pneumonia, dead and septicemia, accounting for 84.3% of monitored condemnations. Cows that either arrive at the establishment dead or die at the establishment prior to slaughter are included in the dead condemnation count. For dairy cows the three most frequent reasons were dead, septicemia and pneumonia, accounting for 93.6% of condemnations. For fed cattle the three most frequent reasons were pneumonia, dead, and septicemia, accounting for 98.2% of condemnations. Beef cow condemnations exhibited consistent seasonal trends for dead, emaciation, mastitis and pneumonia. Dairy cow condemnations exhibited consistent seasonal trends for dead, emaciation and pyrexia. Fed cattle condemnations were less influenced by seasonal trends with only dead and septicemia showing some consistent seasonality. During 2017 three notable establishment signals required follow up with FSIS: CNS in dairy cows, septicemia in fed cattle, and dead in beef cows. For 2018 (through August) 5 notable establishment signals required follow up: septicemia in both beef and dairy cows, emaciation and CNS in beef cows, and dead in dairy cows. Signals were attributed to various reasons including: changes in establishment protocol (CNS), relief inspectors classifying condemns differently and animals not responding to treatment on the farm (septicemia), a holiday effect with sick animals held longer in holding pens before slaughter (dead), a decrease in the quality of cattle purchased by the establishment (emaciation), and extremely hot weather (dead).ConclusionsA higher percentage of dairy cattle were condemned overall and were more likely to be condemned for being dead on arrival or just prior to slaughter compared to beef or fed cattle. Culled dairy cows tend to be older than beef or fed cattle and are maintained in an intense production system, therefore they are more likely to develop age related problems or chronic diseases3. In addition to timely identification of potential animal health issues, cattle producers could use this information to help focus on management practices which may decrease condemnations and result in improved animal health and revenue for producers2. Some limitations to this work are that trends described only apply to the cattle population slaughtered at FSIS inspected facilities and included in our monitoring. Condemnations are determined by FSIS inspectors at each individual slaughter establishment resulting in the potential for inspector bias to affect the data.References1. Dupuy C, Morignat E, Dorea F, Cucrot C, Calavas D, Gay E. (2015) Pilot simulation study using meat inspection data for syndromic surveillance: use of whole carcass condemnation of adult cattle to assess the performance of several algorithms for outbreak detection. Epidemiol Infect 2015 Sep;143(12):2559-69.2. White T, Moore D. (2009) Reasons for whole carcass condemnations of cattle in the United States and implications for producer education and veterinary intervention. JAVMA Oct;235(8).3. Haredasht S, Vidal G, Edmondson A, Moore D, Silva-del-Rio N, Martinez-Lopez B. (2018) Characterization of the temporal trends in the rate of cattle carcass condemnation in the US and dynamic modeling of the condemnation reasons in California with a seasonal component. Front Vet Sci Jun;5(87).
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Martins, Alexandre Machado, Alexandre Santos Carneiro, Lara Giovana Diniz, Priscila Chediek Dall'Acqua, Juliana Evangelista Bezzerril, Fabricio Eumar De Souza, Eric Mateus Nascimento De Paula, and Andresa De Cássia Martini. "Intestinal Caseous Lymphadenitis in Sheep." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 49 (April 30, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.105839.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, which is considered the main agent responsible for abscess lesions. In the visceral form it can affect the internal organs of sheep and goats, which could negatively affect animal health and cause large economic losses for producers.Case: This study aims to report a case of intestinal CL in sheep, with suspected diagnosis during physical examination and identification during the performance of the oophorectomy procedure, adopted as a management approach. It is a mixed breed sheep, aged over 5 years; weight 28 kg; emaciated on physical examination; with pale pink and moist eyelid mucosa; heart and respiratory rate: 81 beats/min and 22 movements/min, respectively; body temperature 39.2°C; ruminal movements at 1 movement/min; without identification of lymphadenomegaly on palpation, however, it was observed that the right submandibular lymph node presented tissue retraction compatible with the healing process. For the surgical procedure, an 18-h fast was used and pre-anesthetic medication with 2% xylazine (0.1 mg/kg), 10% ketamine (5 mg/kg) and 50 mg/mL tramadol (2 mg/kg) administrated intramuscularly. The animal was placed in the left lateral decubitus position, then was performed trichotomy and epidural administration of 2% lidocaine (4 mg/kg) and maintenance with propofol 10 mg/mL intravenous dose-effect and oxygen mask 3 liters/min, antibiotic prophylaxis was performed with 10% enrofloxacin (2.5 mg/kg). Flank oophorectomy was performed according to the classic technique and during abdominal inspection, abscess lesions were found in the mesentery and intestinal loops. Incisional biopsy was performed to collect samples in the jejunal segment. At the end of the procedure, 50 mg/mL (2.2 mg/kg) of flunixin meglumine was administered intravenously. A 0.6 cm x 0.2 cm sample, was submitted to histological analysis, which showed the presence of central necrosis areas formed by concentric lamellae, with the presence of large bacterial colonies and foci of mineralization, surrounded by a strip of inflammatory infiltrate with epithelial macrophages and few neutrophils. In the adjacent layer, lymphocytes and plasmocytes were found and the entire lesion was delimited by fibrous conjunctive tissue, compatible with lesions caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, the causative agent of CL. During the whole postoperative period the animal was kept isolated from the herd. Due to the unfavorable prognosis and histological confirmation of visceral CL, euthanasia was indicated. The animal was sent for necropsy and no lesions compatible with CL were found in other organs or tissues besides the anatomical structures where the lesions were previously described (intestine and mesentery).Discussion: As it is an infectious disease, isolation and euthanasia should be indicated in cases of CL, in order to not compromise the health of the herd. Thus, justifying the orientation of euthanasia after histological confirmation. The case did not have other possibilities of diagnostic aid, however, histological lesions of CL are characteristic but not pathognomonic, as it could be confused with lesions caused by other pyogenic pathogens. In this way, clinical considerations and complementary exams are relevant to support the diagnostic. To conclude, the observation and physical examination of the herd were fundamental tools for raising the diagnostic hypothesis ante mortem. Complementary tests allowed the confirmation of the disease and prevented the spread in the herd, which could lead to large economic losses for producers and negatively affect animal health.