Journal articles: 'Antenna Design and Analysis'

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Mishra, Nivedita, Dr Saima Beg, and Anand Kumar Gupta. "Comparative analysis of T and I Shaped Rectangular Mircostrip Patch Antenna for Wireless communication Applications." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 05 (July 20, 2021): 806–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/06489.

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The following is an abstract of the paper, the mirror image design parameters and effective results for an antenna with a rectangular microstrip overlay using IE3D software is described that outcomes of the simulations and designs are displayed. The probe feed approach was used to generate the microstrip patch pattern. Such patch antennas have been investigated due to their large bandwidth and gain. This antenna is fabricated on an FR-4 epoxy substrate. This antenna’s performance and results are also matched to a standard rectangular patch antenna. Variables are utilized to improve the antenna’s simulation results are as position, space, length, and width of different mirror images T and I shaped antenna slots. The measured results from the simulated design show that the designed construction resonates at various closely separated frequencies that are within the frequency band allotment for wireless applications. At resonance frequencies of 2GHz to 3GHz, the bandwidth and return loss are significantly enhanced.

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K, Dr Vidhya. "Design and Analysis of Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 4 (February 28, 2020): 3723–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i4/pr201486.

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Taygin, V. B., and А. V. Lopatin. "Design of the mirror antenna of a spacecraft with the ultralight high precision size-stable reflector." Spacecrafts & Technologies 3, no. 3 (2019): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26732/2618-7957-2019-3-121-131.

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The paper discusses the existing design of mirror antennas used on spacecraft. The requirements are formulated under which the reliable performance of antennas is ensured under operating conditions. Innovative construction of the space high frequency axisymmetric mirror antenna of an ultralight class is presented. Antenna’s body consists of several conjugate carbon fiber shells. Antenna’s design technology which gives an opportunity to create the shell of a reflector with minimal deflection from a full-paraboloid is developed. Using the finite element method, a parametric modal analysis of the antenna is performed. Based on this analysis, geometric parameters were determined that provide optimal mechanical and mass characteristics of the structure. The calculation results were used to create a prototype mirror antenna. It is shown that the created antenna possesses the parameters required for generation of the high-directional electromagnetic emission of Q and V frequency domain. Successful ground experimental perfection of the construction of the antenna is made. It included the stages of mechanical, thermal vacuum, and radio engineering tests. The proposed design can be used to create advanced spacecraft.

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Bano, Nausheen, Vinod Kumar Singh, Akash Kumar Bhoi, and Sanjeev Sharma. "Design and analysis of key shaped wearable textile antenna." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.12 (April 3, 2018): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.12.11283.

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The proposed antenna is designed to achieve high gain and wide band with partial ground. In this paper, textile wearable antennas work-ing in the craved range of frequency are fabricated and demonstrated. Simulated and measured reflection coefficient, directivity and radi-ation characteristics have been studied. CST is used for design & simulation of existing antenna with design frequency 3GHz.

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Mahe, Yann, Anne Chousseaud, Marc Brunet, and Bruno Froppier. "New Flexible Medical Compact Antenna: Design and Analysis." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/837230.

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Some results on embedded antennas for medical wireless communication systems are presented. Medical telemetry can advantageously assist medical diagnostics. For example, you can better locate a diseased area by monitoring temperature inside the human body. In order to establish efficient wireless links in such an environment, a special attention should be paid to the antenna design. It is required to be of a low profile, very small regardless of the working frequency—434 MHz in the ISM band, safe, and cost effective. Design of the as-considered antenna is proposed based on a simple model. The approach has been demonstrated for a compact flexible antenna with a factor of 10 with respect to the half-wave antenna, rolling up inside an ingestible pill. Measured and calculated impedance behaviour and radiation characteristics of the modified patch are determined. Excellent agreement was found between experiment and theory.

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Monirujjaman Khan, Mohammad, Kaisarul Islam, Md Nakib Alam Shovon, Mehedi Masud, Mohammed Baz, and Mohammed A. AlZain. "Various Textiles-Based Comparative Analysis of a Millimeter Wave Miniaturized Novel Antenna Design for Body-Centric Communications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2021 (July 31, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2360440.

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A 60 GHz compact and novel shaped microstrip-fed antenna based on a textile substrate for body-centric communications has been proposed in this paper. The antenna has a partial ground, and the textile substrate is made up of 1.5 mm thick 100% polyester. Two rectangular sections from the patch antenna’s radiator were removed to give the antenna a swan-shaped appearance. The antenna was designed and simulated using computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio software. Simulated results show that, in free-space, the antenna achieved a high bandwidth of 11.6 GHz with a center frequency of 60.01 GHz. With 89.4% radiation efficiency, the maximum gain of the antenna was 8.535 dBi. For the on-body scenario, the antenna was simulated over five different distances from a human torso phantom. At the closest distance from the phantom, the antenna’s gain was 5.27 dBi, while the radiation dropped significantly to 63%. The highest bandwidth of 12.27 GHz was attained at 8 mm, while the lowest bandwidth of 5.012 GHz was attained at 4 mm away from the phantom. Gain and radiation efficiency were comparable to free-space results at the furthest distance. The antenna was also simulated with ten different textile substrates for both free-space and on-body scenarios. Among these ten substrates, denim, tween, and Quartzel fabric had similar performance results as polyester. This design achieved similar performance compared to other 60 GHz textile antennas while being a bit more compact. This antenna will be a promising choice for body-centric communications because of its compact size, textile-based substrate, and excellent on-body performance.

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Ozkaya, Umut, and Levent Seyfi. "MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF ABSORBING BOUNDARY CONDITION IN ANTENNA DESIGN." CBU International Conference Proceedings 4 (September 26, 2016): 832–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v4.861.

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In this study, the absorbing boundary condition is modelled and analyzed by particle swarm optimization for antenna designs. Two pieces of circular and rectangular microstrip patch antennas are designed for results by means of High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) simulation program. These antennas are implemented by printed circuit board technologies. The results of measurements and simulation performed for the antenna determined the optimal absorbing boundary distance. . In order to be closer with simulation and measurement results, data set is generated by varying in absorbing boundary size. Average square error between simulation and measurement data is necessary to be optimized as an objective function. For this reason, optimization algorithm based on swarm intelligence is preferred to be minimized the error function. Thanks to the results of measurements and simulation performed with the antenna, optimal absorbing boundary distance is determined by Particle Swarm Optimization.

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Kaur, Sukhdeep, and Rajesh Khanna. "Design and analysis of stair-shape UWB antenna with flowery DGS." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 7, no. 1 (March 19, 2014): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078714000336.

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In this paper, staircase-shaped ultra-wideband (UWB) response is proposed. UWB technology being emerging technology of decade needs development of antennas with small size. This paper proposed the design of antennas for UWB technology with small overall size. The feed used in the proposed design is microstrip feed line. The defected ground structure and staircase patch have been used to enhance bandwidth (BW) of antenna, to miniaturize its shape and to reduce the surface wave. The proposed design is carried out with different types of substrate materials and the best results are considered. The proposed antenna performs well in terms of BW and gain while reduction in size is reported. The proposed antenna can be used for Wireless Personal Area Network.

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Ali, Jawab, Noorsaliza Abdullah, Roshayati Yahya, Ezri Mohd, Ariffuddin Joret, and Norshidah Katiran. "Bistatic configurational analysis of ultra-wideband antenna for detection applications." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 702. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i2.pp702-707.

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<span>With the advancement in technology, antennae are becoming a popular components to be used in various applications. Following the trend, a compact design of ultra-wideband (UWB) bistatic configuration of the antenna is presented in this paper using ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology specifically for detection applications. The antenna is first designed and simulated using defected ground structure (DGS) for impedance bandwidth with the obtained gain of around 6.2 dB and return losses from 3-16 GHz. Later the complete detection model is aimed to study and for this purpose CST is used to model human skin and performed an experiment based on antennas i.e. transmitter and receiver, obstacle and target, to study and analyze the received antenna reflections for detection purpose.</span>

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Hamidah Abd Hamid, Saidatul, Goh Chin Hock, and M. T. Ali. "Analysis of Performance on Circular Patch Antenna Based on Different Feeding Techniques." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.1 (September 12, 2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.1.28230.

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This paper presents a simulation and analysis of a circular patch antenna with different feeding techniques. The objectives of this analysis are to design the microstrip circular patch antennas using five types of feedings techniques which are stepped feed, inset feed, coaxial feed, aperture coupled feed, and proximity feed, to analyze and compares the performance of the antenna design. Performance characteristics of the antenna such as return loss S11 parameter <-10dB, directivity, gain, bandwidth, side lobe level, beam width, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) parameters of each of the feeding methods designs are obtained and compared.

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Ao, Wei, Wan Qin Xiang, Chun Ming Chen, Wei Tian, and De Bin Zhang. "Analysis and Design of E-Shaped Dual-Frequency Microstrip Antenna Based on CPSO Algorithm." Advanced Materials Research 760-762 (September 2013): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.760-762.487.

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In order to solve the problem of design and optimization for E-shaped patch microstrip antenna, chaotic particle swarm optimization (CPSO) algorithm was proposed to assist the procedure. First, the E-shaped antennas model was created, and then, the parameters of this antenna were adjusted according to the CPSO algorithm, and the procedure was repeated until the antennas capabilities meet the requirements. The simulation results showed that, the optimized model of such antenna, was capable of dual-frequency operation in 1.8GHz and 2.4GHz, and it was also capable of wide bandwidth, could meet the requirements very well.

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Singh, Pushpinder, and Gaurav Monga. "Design and Comparative Analysis of Rectangular Slot Microstrip Patch Antennas for X-band Applications." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8, no. 5 (June 2, 2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v8i5.664.

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Microstrip patch antenna is a compact antenna which suffers the limitations of poor gain and reduction in radiation pattern. To reduce the resonance frequency of microstrip antenna increases the length of surface current with help of cutting slots in the patch. In this paper, a comparison of four Microstrip antennas with unequal length of rectangular slots is proposed. The microstrip antennas having rectangular shaped ground plane and FR4-epoxy substrate with relative permittivity 4.4, relative permeability 1 and dielectric loss tangent 0.02 with an overall size of 100×100×5 mm3. The performance of antennas is compared with slots in the patch and the effects of rectangular slots using operating frequency of 8 to 12 GHz are presented. The design simulate and analyze on FEM based HFSSv11 and this helps to compute VSWR, return loss, gain, radiation efficiency and 3D polar plot of the proposed microstrip antenna. The proposed configuration gives broadside gain of more than 8 dBi and VSWR (>2) over entire range in simulated results.

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Fan, Wen Jie, Xiao Peng Li, and Ning Li. "Structure Design and Mechanical Analysis on a Large Spaceborne Flat Seam Antenna." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.291.

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Large spaceborne flat seam antennas boom recently. The structure design of the large flat seam antenna is introduced, and finite element model is built. The first frequency of antenna is obtained from modal analysis and it meet the requirement. The results of sine vibration and random vibration shows that strength satisfy the requirement and it has a certain margin.

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Iswandi, Iswandi, Aria Rangga Suryamanggala, Dewanto Wicaksono, and Eny Sukani Rahayu. "Design and Comparative Study Among Antennas of GCS for Telemetry Communication System of UAV." IJITEE (International Journal of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering) 3, no. 4 (March 24, 2020): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijitee.50866.

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Recently, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) becomes a popular and interesting technology for researchers and academics because it has high potential to be implemented in various fields. The UAV operation is managed by a Ground Control Station (GCS) on which requires a communication system to send control signals and acquire data collected by sensors on UAV. The longer the UAV's flying distance needs a higher transmission power budget that can be achieved by increasing transmitter power, increasing receiver sensitivity, or increasing antenna gain. However, the design of communications systems on a flying platform is limited by the following constraints. The transmitter, receiver, and antenna must be compact, lightweight, and energy-efficient to save battery on the vehicle. Although the antenna does not directly influence the energy consumption from the battery, an increase in antenna gain usually requires an increase of the antenna dimension that causes higher weight and or reduces the aerodynamics. Therefore, the most efficient way to increase the link budget is by modifying the antenna on the GCS. This paper describes the analysis of antennas commonly used in GCSs for UAV communication links, namely the Yagi-Uda, bi-quad, and double bi-quad antennas. The antenna is designed to work at a frequency of 433.5 MHz following the transceiver device used. The antenna designs are numerically simulated then fabricated for evaluating their performance. The testing is done on the following issues, i.e. the antenna's basic parameters measurement, the ground-to-ground transmission test, and the ground to air transmission test. The test results show that the double bi-quad gives better performance than the other two other testing antennas.

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Burykin, Andrey, Vladimir Kuprits, and Alexander Mescheryakov. "Design and analysis of the digital phased antennas characteristics using modern systems of the atomized design (CAD)." ITM Web of Conferences 30 (2019): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20193005002.

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There are discussed methods of the digital phased antennas design using the modern (computer aided design) CAD. There are given examples of digital antenna blocks and elements design using different CADs.

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Wang, Su Ling, Ya Ting Gan, and Guo Dong Wang. "The Design of a Microstrip Antenna with Radiation Pattern Controlled." Applied Mechanics and Materials 143-144 (December 2011): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.143-144.32.

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Microstrip Antennas have many applications in various communication systems. A new configuration of microstrip antenna is proposed in this paper. The microstrip antenna has two radiation ports. Through changing the radiation intensity of the two ports, the proposed structure breaks the balance of the radiation of the microstrip antenna therefore the radiation pattern would be changed corresponsively. Theory analysis is carried out based on microstrip antenna theory. Both analysis and simulation show that the new configuration can realize the radiation pattern controlled and the theory analysis agreed very well with simulation.

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Qasim, Aseel, and Adheed Sallomi. "Design and Analysis of Phased Array System by MATLAB Toolbox." Al-Kitab Journal for Pure Sciences 04, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32441/kjps.04.01.p5.

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An array of antennas mounted on vehicles, ships, aircraft, satellites, and base stations is expected to play an important role in fulfilling the increased demand of channel requirement for these services. In this paper toolboxes of MATLAB will use for the phased array system for different purposes of extraction of information about a validate results for antenna array and a comparison is made between different antenna array geometries, also this paper provides the background of the newly developed MATLAB Phased Array Toolbox. So, some effective parameters like the changing element spacing and the number of elements and the geometrical shape of the array on the antenna array radiation pattern along with the gain have been studied. The Phased Array Toolbox of MATLAB has also been used to validate the results.

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Mezache, Zinelabiddine, Asma Slimani, and Fatiha Benabdelaziz. "Design and analysis of a novel miniaturized microstrip fractal antenna for WLAN/WiMAX applications." Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 17, no. 2 (2020): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sjee2002213m.

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This paper is a new comparative study via numerical calculations and experimental measurements of various designs of fractal antennas. The geometry of the antennas dual?broadband (2.5/5.77 GHz and 2.4/6.18 GHz) for WLAN/ WiMAX applications is inspired by the Sierpinski carpet and the Minkowski. The simulated and measured results show a good agreement over the bandwidth. We also performed a comparison with current comparable antenna designs, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed antenna regarding applicability in telecommunication technology.

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Sanchez-Montero, Lopez-Espi, Alen-Cordero, and Martinez-Rojas. "Bend and Moisture Effects on the Performance of a U-Shaped Slotted Wearable Antenna for Off-Body Communications in an Industrial Scientific Medical (ISM) 2.4 GHz Band." Sensors 19, no. 8 (April 15, 2019): 1804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081804.

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In recent years, the study and design of wearable antennas have been empowered given the success of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) for healthcare and medical purposes. This work analyses a flexible textile antenna whose performance can be optimised by the careful selection of the substrate thickness of the textile material, and by varying the antenna’s geometrical shape. After considering these parameters, several arrangements of antennas were simulated using the Computer Simulation Technology software (CST). The results of the simulations were compared to the experimental prototypes manufactured on a flexible felt material for a range of thicknesses and curvatures of the antenna substrate. Such antenna designs can be utilised in off-body communications and ISM applications.

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Gaurav Mishra, Raj, Ranjan Mishra, Piyush Kuchhal, and N. Prasanthi Kumari. "Optimization and analysis of high gain wideband microstrip patch antenna using genetic algorithm." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.5 (December 31, 2017): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.5.9142.

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Microstrip antennas that can operate in single and multiple frequency bands are required in various wireless communication devices. A single patch, square shaped microstrip patch antenna having high directivity and gain is proposed in this paper. The geometry of proposed antenna is optimized using Genetic Algorithm (GA) to operate in X-Band for wideband applications. The proposed antenna design exhibits a wide operating bandwidth 550 MHz (simulated) and 450 MHz (measured), high gain and directivity of about 8.35 dB (simulated) making it suitable for wideband applications. The proposed antenna design works in X-band which has weatherproof characteristics and supports easy communication of voice, data, images and HD videos. The attractiveness of the GA design over the traditional design methods is its ability to achieve the desired performance by using a simple design of single patch antenna.

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Jabire, Adamu Halilu, Adnan Ghaffar, Xue Jun Li, Anas Abdu, Sani Saminu, Mohammad Alibakhshikenari, Francisco Falcone, and Ernesto Limiti. "Metamaterial Based Design of Compact UWB/MIMO Monopoles Antenna with Characteristic Mode Analysis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 8, 2021): 1542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041542.

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In this article, a novel metamaterial inspired UWB/multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a circular metallic part which formed the patch and a partial ground plane. Metamaterial structure is loaded at the top side of the patches for bandwidth improvement and mutual coupling reduction. The proposed antenna provides UWB mode of operation from 2.6–12 GHz. The characteristic mode theory is applied to examine each physical mode of the antenna aperture and access its many physical parameters without exciting the antenna. Mode 2 was the dominant mode among the three modes used. Considering the almost inevitable presence of mutual coupling effects within compact multiport antennas, we developed an additional decoupling technique in the form of perturbed stubs, which leads to a mutual coupling reduction of less than 20 dB. Finally, different performance parameters of the system, such as envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), channel capacity loss (CCL), diversity gain, total active reflection coefficient (TARC), mean effective gain (MEG), surface current, and radiation pattern, are presented. A prototype antenna is fabricated and measured for validation.

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Liu, Jingping, Safieddin Safavi-Naeini, Ying Wang, and Aidin Taeb. "A Fast Geometric Optics-Based Design Approach for Dielectric Rod Antennas." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/141807.

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A simple and effective dielectric rod antenna design approach based on geometric optics and modal analysis is presented. The tapered antennas from microwave to terahertz can be readily designed with the equations presented in this paper. The radius of antenna is determined by the desired traveling wave mode inside the antenna. The field inside the antenna consists of the fundamental mode and the second mode. For the end-fire operation, there is only the fundamental mode. The length of the antenna is designed based on geometric optics theory so that most of the traveling wave will be converted to the radiating field towards the output plane, avoiding reflection inside the antenna. Such antennas can achieve wide bandwidth. The gain increases with the length of the antenna as long as the diameters and length satisfy the conditions given in this paper. A number of antenna design examples with high gain and wide bandwidth are presented. The measurement results of a 130 GHz rectangular antenna with a length of 4λshow a bandwidth of 60 GHz and a gain of 12 dB.

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Asif, Raees, Abdul Aziz, Muhammad Amjad, Majid Akhtar, Abuzar Baqir, and M. Nawaz Abbasi. "Analysis and Design of an Efficient and Novel MIMO Antenna for 5G Smart Phones Using FDTD and FEM." Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society 36, no. 3 (April 20, 2021): 266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.47037/2020.aces.j.360306.

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A novel and compact antenna element is analyzed and designed to achieve an efficient 4x4 MIMO antenna for a mobile phone at 3.5 GHz band for 5G communication. FTDT and FEM techniques are used to analyze and compare modeling accuracy of the proposed MIMO antenna. It has achieved a minimum isolation of 19.7dB between two antennas with radiation efficiency of 86%. The improved isolation and efficiency for the proposed MIMO antenna has been achieved without any decoupling structure between antennas, instead larger separation between elements due to compact size of the proposed element facilitated to achieve good performance. Pattern diversity is also achieved by arranging adjacent asymmetric antennas in reverse direction with each other. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.002 and Channel Capacity loss (CCL) is also less than 0.4 bps/Hz in the whole frequency band (3.36-3.66 GHz), which is suitable for 5G MIMO systems.

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Muhamad Nadzir, Norsaidah, Mohamad Kamal A. Rahim, Farid Zubir, and Huda A. Majid. "UHF RFID Antenna Tag Design and Analysis for Antenna Miniaturization." ELEKTRIKA- Journal of Electrical Engineering 18, no. 2 (August 31, 2019): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/elektrika.v18n2.164.

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This paper proposes four designs of UHF RFID antenna tag with two different radiating element, copper and aluminum, for antenna miniaturization. The main contribution of this work is the unique design that involves a meander line traced in a variety shape of a bowtie antenna. The UHF RFID band is achieved by reshaping a 900 MHz straight line dipole antenna into the form of a bowtie, thus reducing the size of the antenna significantly while maintaining the operating frequency. The effectiveness of the method is tested in multiple steps. First, the antenna tag designs are run through CST software simulations and optimized to achieve desired outcome. Next, the designs are transferred to Silhouette Studio software to be fabricated using a cutting machine, and finally measured using a vector network analyzer. The comparison between the measurement result of the reflection coefficient and the radiation pattern to their respective simulation results shows that they have a good agreement between each other. With further research and improvements, the size of the antenna tag could be further reduced while maintaining or even improving the performance of the antenna tag.

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Ranjan, Pinku, Mihir Patil, Amit Bage, Brajesh Kumar, and Sandeep Kumar. "Design and analysis of Quadrifilar helical antenna for Cube-Sats using C-band frequency range for satellite communication." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 32, no. 2 (2019): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1902239r.

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Design and analysis of Quadrifilar helical antenna are presented in this paper. The proposed antenna is designed for Cube-Sats in the low earth and medium earth orbits. It is a combination of four helical antennas, each separated by 90?, and excited separately at the feeding point. The antenna is designed for operation at 4.5 GHz with an impedance bandwidth of 11.11 %. Design of the antenna is done in two steps. The first step being the design of a ground plane, which can make the antenna operate at 4.5 GHz. The second step is to analyze the antenna?s performance for different helix angles using the best ground plane dimensions obtained in the first step. The gain versus frequency curve has been obtained and the designed antenna is having a gain of more than 4 dB at the resonant frequency of 4.5 GHz.

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Kong, Rong, Dong Lin Su, and Qiu Yuan Lv. "Analysis for Radiation Characteristics of Horn Antenna for Out of Band." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 2935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.2935.

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The idea of this paper roots in the electromagnetic compatibility design of the whole aircraft system, in which out of band characteristics of airborne antennas are of equal importance as their characteristics in band. The definition of antenna characteristics for out of band is interpreted. Horn antennas are the main research objects in this paper. In order to make characteristic of this type antenna for out of band have a general, this paper is special to select pyramidal horn antenna and conical horn antenna. The characterization framework of horn antennas radiation characteristics for out of band is established, and the theoretical expressions of their radiation characteristics for out of band are given. In ensuring better antenna characteristics in band, four horn antennas that are different types of sizes, different frequency band width are simulated and analyzed by using electromagnetic simulation software HFSS. It is meaningful to analyze radiation characteristics and summarize different features for various performance parameters of these horn antennas for in band and out of band. Focus on characteristics of the changes for the maximum gain, 3dB beam width parameters of horn antennas within the working frequency band and out of working band. The results show that: radiation characteristics of horn antenna are the law within the working frequency band and out of working band.

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Travassos, X. L., D. A. G. Vieira, and A. C. Lisboa. "Antenna Optimization Using Multiobjective Algorithms." ISRN Communications and Networking 2012 (February 16, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/369293.

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This paper presents several applications of multiobjective optimization to antenna design, emphasizing the main general steps in this process. Specifications of antennas usually involve many conflicting objectives related to directivity, impedance matching, cross-polarization, and frequency range. These requirements induce multiobjective problems, which are formulated, solved, and analyzed here for three distinct antenna designs: a bowtie antenna for ground-penetrating radars, a reflector antenna for satellite broadcast systems, and a meander-line antenna for radio-frequency identification tags. Both stochastic and deterministic methods are considered in the analysis.

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Benkhadda, Omaima, Mohamed Saih, kebir Chaji, and Abdelati Reha. "Design and Analysis of a RFID Reader Microstrip Array Antenna for IoT Applications in Smart Cities." International Journal of Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies 17, no. 5 (September 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijwltt.20220901.oa3.

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This paper presents the design of 2*1 and 4*1 RFID reader microstrip array antenna at 2.4GHz for the Internet of things (IoT) networks which are Zigbee, Bluetooth and WIFI. The proposed antenna is composed of identical circular shapes radiating patches printed in FR4 substrate. The dielectric constant εr and substrate thickness h are 4.4 and 1.6mm, respectively. The 2*1 and 4*1 array antennas present a gain improvement of 27.3% and 61.9%, respectively. The single,2*1 and 4*1 array antennas were performed with CADFEKO.

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Saetiaw, Charinsak, and Chanchai Thongsopa. "Design of Double-Layer Copper Sheet for RFID Tags Antenna." Advanced Materials Research 787 (September 2013): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.787.461.

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This paper demonstrates a design of double-layer copper sheet suitable for RFID tags antenna called extended double-layer flexible strip dipole antenna. RFID tag antenna is widely used with different surfaces. The result found that RFID tag antenna can be bended or curved responding to the cylinder shape of the objects. Our proposed extended double-layer flexible strip dipole antenna has been technically designed to make changes on itself to obtain the result in increasing resonance frequency when it is being bended. The key concept of the study is the designed antenna which can freely change inside each layer when applying itself on curved object. The result of this design reveals that antenna has better performance than modern antenna. The extended double-layer flexible strip dipole antenna for RFID tags was designed for resonance frequency of 2.45 GHz. Consequently, the analysis of antennas efficiency will be affected by thickness. The designed antenna there will be considered and discussed to find out the relative value in order to use creating the design for the antenna that is suitable for the further study.

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J. P. Ganji, J. P. Ganji, M. C. Sahoo M.C.Sahoo, and J. M. Rathod J.M.Rathod. "Design and Analysis of Air Gap Microstrip Slot Antenna Using Aperture Coupling." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 4 (June 1, 2012): 104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/apr2013/40.

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Martínez-Lozano, Andrea, Carolina Blanco-Angulo, Héctor García-Martínez, Roberto Gutiérrez-Mazón, Germán Torregrosa-Penalva, Ernesto Ávila-Navarro, and José María Sabater-Navarro. "UWB-Printed Rectangular-Based Monopole Antenna for Biological Tissue Analysis." Electronics 10, no. 3 (January 27, 2021): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030304.

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This paper presents the design of a printed step-type monopole antenna for biological tissue analysis and medical imaging applications in the microwave frequency range. The design starts from a very simple and widely known rectangular monopole antenna, and different modifications to the antenna geometry are made in order to increase the bandwidth. The antenna dimensions are optimized by means of a parametric analysis of each dimension using a 3-D electromagnetic simulator based on the finite element method. The optimized antenna, with final dimensions of 40 × 36 mm2, is manufactured onto a low-cost FR4 (fiber glass epoxy) substrate. The characteristics of the antenna have been measured inside an anechoic chamber, obtaining an omnidirectional radiation pattern and a working frequency range between 2.7 GHz and 11.4 GHz, which covers the UWB frequencies and enables the use of the antenna in medical imaging applications. Finally, the behaviour of four of these antennas located around a realistic breast model, made with biocompatible materials, has been analysed with the electromagnetic simulator, obtaining good results and demonstrating the usefulness of the designed antenna in the proposed application.

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Pietrenko-Dabrowska, Anna, and Slawomir Koziel. "Reliable Surrogate Modeling of Antenna Input Characteristics by Means of Domain Confinement and Principal Components." Electronics 9, no. 5 (May 25, 2020): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9050877.

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A reliable design of contemporary antenna structures necessarily involves full-wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis which is the only tool capable of accounting, for example, for element coupling or the effects of connectors. As EM simulations tend to be CPU-intensive, surrogate modeling allows for relieving the computational overhead of design tasks that require numerous analyses, for example, parametric optimization or uncertainty quantification. Notwithstanding, conventional data-driven surrogates are not suitable for handling highly nonlinear antenna characteristics over multidimensional parameter spaces. This paper proposes a novel modeling approach that employs a recently introduced concept of domain confinement, as well as principal component analysis. In our approach, the modeling process is restricted to the region containing high-quality designs with respect to the performance figures of antennas under design, identified using a set of pre-optimized reference designs. The model domain is spanned by the selected principal components of the reference design set, which reduces both its volume and dimensionality. As a result, a reliable surrogate can be constructed over wide ranges of both operating conditions and antenna parameters, using small training datasets. Our technique is demonstrated using two antenna examples and is favorably compared to both conventional and constrained modeling approaches. Application case studies (antenna optimization) are also discussed.

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Sharma, Madan Kumar, Mithilesh Kumar, and J. P. Saini. "Measurement Analysis of Ultra-Wideband Monopole Antenna With Defected Ground Structure." International Journal of Measurement Technologies and Instrumentation Engineering 6, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmtie.2017010101.

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This article describes how a compact, low profile Ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna with a defected ground structure is designed and demonstrated experimentally. The design and experimentation activities have been carried out with the help of a CST Microwave studio tool. The UWB characteristics of the proposed antenna are achieved with a modification of the ground structure of the referenced antenna with novel L shaped defected ground structure (DGS). Both antennas are fabricated on the same substrate with the dimensions of 28.3 x 24 mm2. The comparative analysis of the results for both antennas clearly indicate that the proposed UWB monopole antenna enhanced the impedance bandwidth from 3.7 GHz – 14.9 GHz without DGS and to 3.4 GHz – 20 GHz with DGS. The enhanced bandwidth, constant group delay and good radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna have identified it as a good candidate for portable UWB applications.

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Jabire, Adamu Halilu, Hong-Xing Zheng, Anas Abdu, and Zhiwei Song. "Characteristic Mode Analysis and Design of Wide Band MIMO Antenna Consisting of Metamaterial Unit Cell." Electronics 8, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8010068.

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This paper presents a full wave simulation and characteristic mode-based design of a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna at 5.8 GHz for wireless local area network applications. The driven analysis comprises two antennas that are placed orthogonal to each other. A metamaterial unit structure in the form of a rectangular loop resonator is placed around the antenna element to reduce the electromagnetic interference and to increase the isolation between the two monopoles. A characteristic mode technique is employed to find out the dominant mode of the proposed antenna without a feeding port. It was revealed that mode 1 was the dominant mode among the three modes used. The MIMO antenna is constructed and measured using a vector network analyzer. A good isolation of less than 25 dB was attained with a wide impedance bandwidth of 65.5%.

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Jia, Bao Xian, Wen Feng Bian, and Ning Peng. "Design and Modal Analysis of SMPC Deployable Antenna." Applied Mechanics and Materials 893 (July 2019): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.893.99.

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The SMPC (Shape Memory Polymer Composite) is used for space deployable structuredue to their excellent properties. In this paper, the space deployable antenna was designed, whichincludes the design of the basic configuration, the antenna substrate, the SMPC hinge and its location.The modal of the hinge was studied with finite element software ABAQUS. The hinges with differentthickness were analyzed and compared. The modal of single piece antenna was calculated. Thevibration types and natural frequencies of the single piece antenna in connection are obtained. Theeffects of different hinge structures on the overall mode and the natural frequencies of the hinge werestudied. The influence of hinge location on the natural frequencies of deployable antenna was alsostudied. The mode of four pieces antenna in unfolding was calculated, the main vibration types wereobtained, and the natural frequencies were analyzed and compared with that of the single pieceantenna. In unfolding, the natural frequencies of the four pieces antenna are lower than that of thesingle piece one.

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Kaur, Amandeep, and Amandeep Kaur. "Microstrip patch antenna performance analysis with Defected Ground structures: A review." International Journal of Intelligent Communication, Computing and Networks 1, no. 1 (August 25, 2020): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51735/ijiccn/001/08.

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Over last few decades, wireless communication system has sought more attention and plays predominant role in different areas for human personal and commercial applications. Day by day, with advancements in technology, wireless gadgets got more compact due to microelectronics fabrication and integration techniques. So, such applications put great demand over new design specifications on antenna structures used in transmitter and receiver for radio wave communication. In wireless applications depending upon, frequency bands and bandwidth requirements numerous compact antenna structures are used with improved efficiency. Microstrip patch antennas are highly regarded due to its compact size, easy integration with microwave circuits. In study of patch antenna, Defected Ground structures gain popularity these days due to its various benefits to enhance antenna performance. This research article, provides extensive literature survey over use of Defected Ground Structures (DGS) in microstrip patch antenna with its design consequences. This article also explores the enhancement in antenna parameters with implementation of DGS’s. DGS concept is used in microstrip patch antenna and microwave engineering for performance improvement of these devices. DGS can be merged with other techniques to enhance antenna operational parameters like gain, bandwidth, VSWR and spurious radiations.

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Alibakhshi Kenari, Mohammad. "Design and Modeling of New UWB Metamaterial Planar Cavity Antennas with Shrinking of the Physical Size for Modern Transceivers." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/562538.

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A variety of antennas have been engineered with MTMs and MTM-inspired constructs to improve their performance characteristics. This report describes the theory of MTMs and its utilization for antenna's techniques. The design and modeling of two MTM structures withε-μconstitutive parameters for patch antennas are presented. The framework presents two novel ultrawideband (UWB) shrinking patch antennas filled with composite right-/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) structures. The CRLH-TL is presented as a general TL possessing both left-handed (LH) and right-handed (RH) natures. The CRLH-TL structures enhance left-handed (LH) characteristics which enable size reduction and large frequency bandwidth. The large frequency bandwidth and good radiation properties can be obtained by adjusting the dimensions of the patches and CRLH-TL structures. This contribution demonstrates the possibility of reducing the size of planar antennas by using LH-transmission lines. Two different types of radiators are investigated—a planar patch antenna composed of fourO-formed unit cells and a planar patch antenna composed of sixO-shaped unit cells. A CRLH-TL model is employed to design and compare these two approaches and their realization with a varying number ofL-Cloaded unit cells. Two representative antenna configurations have been selected and subsequently optimized with full-wave electromagnetic analysis. Return loss and radiation pattern simulations of these antennas prove the developed concept.

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Abdalla, Mahmoud Abdelrahman, Zhirun Hu, and Cahyo Muvianto. "Analysis and design of a triple band metamaterial simplified CRLH cells loaded monopole antenna." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 4 (June 22, 2016): 903–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078716000738.

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The design and analysis of meta-material inspired loaded monopole antenna for multiband operation are reported. The proposed antenna consists of multi resonators inspired from half mode composite right/left handed cells, which has a simple structure, compact size, and provides multiband functionalities. As a proof of concept, a triple band antenna covering all possible WiMAX operating bands, has been designed, fabricated, and characterized. The hosting monopole patch itself generates resonance for 3.3–3.8 GHz band, whereas the loaded metamaterial cells add extra resonance frequencies. The loading of two resonator cells introduces two extra resonances for 2.5–2.7 GHz and 5.3–5.9 GHz bands, respectively. The antenna's operating principle and design procedures with the aid of electromagnetic full wave simulation and experimental measurements are presented. The antenna has good omnidirectional patterns at all three bands. The monopole patch size is 13.5 × 6.5 mm2and the whole antenna size (including the feed line) is 35 × 32 mm2. Compared with conventional single band microstrip patch radiator, the radiator size of this antenna is only 8.5% at 2.5 GHz, 17% at 3.5 GHz, and 37% at 5.5 GHz.

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Abdalla, Mahmoud A., and Zhirun Hu. "Design and analysis of a compact quad band loaded monopole antenna with independent resonators." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 10, no. 4 (January 14, 2018): 479–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078717001453.

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A quad band antenna with good gain and omni-directional pattern is proposed in this paper. The antenna design is based on loading a conventional monopole antenna by three different resonators. The resonators are inspired from the shunt branch of composite right-/left-handed cell. The resonators have a simple structure and compact size. The control of the frequency bands can be achieved arbitrarily and hence the suggested design methodology can be generalized to any required bands. The fabricated antenna prototype is operating at 2.6, 3.35, 5.15, and 6.1 GHz with bandwidth wider than 100 MHz for each band. The antenna's operating principle and design procedures with the aid of electromagnetic full wave simulation are presented. Finally, the experimental results exhibit good agreement with the simulated ones which confirm the proposed designed methodology. The proposed monopole antenna has a patch size of 13.5 mm × 6.5 mm and the whole antenna size (including the feed line) is 35 mm × 32 mm. Compared to conventional single-band microstrip patch radiator size, the proposed quad band radiator has the size of 9, 15, 37.5, and 72.5% at relevant frequency bands.

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RameshBabu, Dr K. "CPWG Fed with Octagonal Patch Antenna." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 20, 2021): 2086–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35313.

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A Co planner Wave Guide (CPWG) fed with octagonal patch antenna is modified from their respective rectangular patch are presented for WLAN application. The dielectric material applied in the design process for both co planar and micro strip patch antenna is FR4 Epoxy Glass, which has relative permittivity of 4.4 and substrate height 1.6mm. Antenna parameters used to check the performance. A comparison is made between the octagonal co-planar antenna and octagonal micro strip antenna available. Ansys HFSS is used for antenna design and analysis. Both designed antennas are suitable for wireless local area network application and the design parameters of the antenna are optimized to resonate at 3GHz frequencies for WLAN applications. It has been found that octagonal micro strip patch antennas have lower return loss and are more directive than co planar patch antenna. High directivity of octagonal micro strip antenna is due to the presence of ground plane under the substrate of antenna. The results obtained by simulations have also shown that octagonal co planar patch antennas have high radiation efficiency (a measure of the power radiated through the antenna as an electromagnetic wave to the power fed to the antenna terminals) and which implies a wider bandwidth as compared to an octagonal micro strip patch antennas. The radiation efficiency obtained for micro strip patch antenna is 24% and that for co planar patch antenna is 67%, the directivity for micro strip patch antenna is 3.75 dB and that for a co-planar patch antenna is 3.25 dB.

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Kohitha Bai, Bondili, and Govardhani Immadi. "Design and Analysis of Rectangular Microstrip Array Antenna at Ka Band Becon Frequency 20.2GHz." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.16027.

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The design and analysis of single double (1×2) and four (1×4) element linear rectangular micro strip array antennas is done to achieve high gain and directivity. The operating frequency of the proposed array antenna is Ka-band, 20.2GHz which is a Beacon frequency of GSAT-14 launched by ISRO.The substrate material used is common for the single, double (1×2) and four (1×4) i.e. FR4 with a thickness of 0.8mm and the dielectric constant is 4.4. The antenna elements are placed uniform at a same distance. The feeding network used here is a parallel or corporate feed network. The power splitting and impedance matching is done using RF Wilkinson power divider. The entire proposed micro strip phased array antenna is evaluated using HFSS software tool.

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N, Likith, Gayathri K M, Thusshara S, Maria Sanjeetha, and Thangadurai N. "Design & Analysis of S-Band Right Hand Circularly Polarized Conical Horn Antenna for NavIC Receiver." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.16169.

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In satellite communication systems the horn antennas are being used widely due to its robustness and capable to operate at frequencies which are very high. Here, the right hand circular polarized conical horn antenna is designed for S-band NavIC receiver. The waveguides and conical horn antenna dimensions are designed by using standard formulas and after that they are given to a simulation tool for the S band frequency. The performance parameters like return loss, radiation pattern, gain and directivity are considered for further analysis. In the circular waveguide from the TE11 mode conical horn antenna is to be designed into high gain and a good VSWR.

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Varma, Sanjit, Somia Sharma, Merbin John, Richa Bharadwaj, Anuj Dhawan, and Shiban K. Koul. "Design and Performance Analysis of Compact Wearable Textile Antennas for IoT and Body-Centric Communication Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2021 (August 24, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7698765.

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This paper presents two compact textile-based planar dipole and loop antennas for wearable communication applications operating in the 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical radio (ISM) bands. The antennas were fabricated on a 0.44 mm thin camouflaged-military print, cotton jean cloth using conductive copper threads, and sewing embroidery technique to create the radiating structure. Design and performance analyses of the antennas were carried out using simulations; further experiments were performed in anechoic chamber and indoor environment to validate the designs. The experiments were carried out in a free space scenario and on the various locations of the human subject such as the torso and limb joints. The performance of the antennas was investigated based on the reflection coefficient in normal and bent conditions corresponding to the different radii of the locations of the human limbs. The antennas perform well in free space and on-body scenarios in flat and bend conditions providing return loss below −10 dB in all cases with an acceptable resonant frequency close to 2.4 GHz due to the antenna bending and body effects. The radiation pattern measurements are also reported in this work for free space and on-body scenarios. It is observed that the presence of the human body significantly influences the antenna radiation pattern which leads to an increase in the front-to-back ratio and also makes the antenna more directive. Overall, the performance of the fabricated embroidered textile antennas was found suitable for various wearable body-centric applications in indoor environments.

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Zuhairi, Megat Farez Azril, Hassan Dao, and Aznida Abu Bakar Sajak. "Design Analysis of Polyhedron UWB Antenna." International Journal on Communications Antenna and Propagation (IRECAP) 9, no. 3 (June 30, 2019): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/irecap.v9i3.16520.

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Le, Minh Thuy, Quoc Cuong Nguyen, and Tan Phu Vuong. "Design of High-Gain and Beam Steering Antennas Using a New Planar Folded-Line Metamaterial Structure." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014 (2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/302580.

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In the last few years, there has been growing interest in employing metamaterials (MTMs) to enhance antenna gain. In this paper we proposed a novel structure of planar folded-line left-handed metamaterial (FL-LHM) and applied it to improve the gain of three 5.8 GHz microstrip antenna types: a circularly polarized patch antenna, an antenna array, and a beam steering antenna. The planar FL-LHM structure was designed based on transmission line analysis. Their scattering parameters were obtained using a numerical model; the negative effective permittivity and permeability were then calculated from these parameters for the assessment of negative refraction index region. The S11and radiation patterns of three fabricated antennas were measured; these results matched well with the simulation. We observed that the gain was increased up to 3 dBi for all the antennas. In addition, we were also able to maintain the circular polarization as well as the steering of the antenna without changing its dimensions.

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Goslavy Lionel Nkouka Moukengue, Charmolavy, Rostand Martialy Davy Loembe Souamy, Nzonzolo a, Aristide Mankiti Fati, Desire Lilonga-Boyenga, and Junwu Tao. "ANALYSIS OF A NEW LEAKY-WAVE ANTENNA FOR W-BAND APPLICATIONS." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12158.

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In this article, we present a dielectric leaky-wave antenna with periodic metallic patches. Its design is made using HFSS software. Analysis of the antennas radiation pattern shows that one can control the direction of the main beam and the levels of minors lobes from the diameters and numbers of the holes. This significantly reduces the weight of the antenna while improving its performance.

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Abbas, S. M., S. C. Desai, K. P. Esselle, J. L. Volakis, and R. M. Hashmi. "Design and Characterization of a Flexible Wideband Antenna Using Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Substrate." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4095765.

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The design and characterization of a simple, flexible wideband antenna using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite are presented. Conductive fibers are used to construct the metallic parts on a PDMS composite. To characterize the performance, two identical antennas are designed, one using the PDMS composite while the other on conventional dielectric materials. It was observed that both antennas behave well in terms of the matched bandwidth; however, the radiation towards the broadside direction is reduced when using the PDMS composite as substrate, particularly at higher frequencies. The antenna exhibits a matched bandwidth of 59.9%, ranging from 3.43 to 11.1 GHz. Moreover, the bending analysis carried out for different scenarios show that the wideband behavior of the antenna is well preserved and the variation reaches a maximum of 1% variation.

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Balani, Warsha, Mrinal Sarvagya, Ajit Samasgikar, Tanweer Ali, and Pradeep Kumar. "Design and Analysis of Super Wideband Antenna for Microwave Applications." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 12, 2021): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020477.

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In this article, a compact concentric structured monopole patch antenna for super wideband (SWB) application is proposed and investigated. The essential characteristics of the designed antenna are: (i) to attain super-wide bandwidth characteristics, the proposed antenna is emerged from a traditional circular monopole antenna and has obtained an impedance bandwidth of 38.9:1 (ii) another important characteristic of the presented antenna is its larger bandwidth dimension ratio (BDR) value of 6596 that is accomplished by augmenting the electrical length of the patch. The electrical dimension of the proposed antenna is 0.18λ×0.16λ (λ corresponds to the lower end operating frequency). The designed antenna achieves a frequency range from 1.22 to 47.5 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 190% and exhibiting S11 < −10 dB in simulation. For validating the simulated outcomes, the antenna model is fabricated and measured. Good conformity is established between measured and simulated results. Measured frequency ranges from 1.25 to 40 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 188%, BDR of 6523 and S11 < −10 dB. Even though the presented antenna operates properly over the frequency range from 1.22 to 47.5 GHz, the results of the experiment are measured till 40 GHz because of the high-frequency constraint of the existing Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The designed SWB antenna has the benefit of good gain, concise dimension, and wide bandwidth above the formerly reported antenna structures. Simulated gain varies from 0.5 to 10.3 dBi and measured gain varies from 0.2 to 9.7 dBi. Frequency domain, as well as time-domain characterization, has been realized to guide the relevance of the proposed antenna in SWB wireless applications. Furthermore, an equivalent circuit model of the proposed antenna is developed, and the response of the circuit is obtained. The presented antenna can be employed in L, S, C, X, Ka, K, Ku, and Q band wireless communication systems.

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Benavente-Peces, César, and Iván Herrero-Sebastián. "Worldwide Coverage Mobile Systems for Supra-Smart Cities Communications: Featured Antennas and Design." Smart Cities 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 556–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities3030030.

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Current terrestrial mobile communications networks can’t provide worldwide coverage. Satellite communications are expensive, and terminals are large and heavy. Worldwide mobile coverage requires the use of satellites providing an appropriate QoS, including polar regions. The analysis of the potential satellite constellations demonstrates that LEO one is the best solution. A new generation of low cost, small size, lightweight and global mobile coverage LEO satellites is emerging. The main limitation of the terminals is the antenna size factor, and innovative antennas must be developed to meet this goal. This paper investigates the technologies and techniques for designing and developing antennas aimed at LEO satellite communications in Smart Cities and beyond, which are especially beneficial for mobile communications in areas without 4G/5G coverage. The paper focuses on the terrestrial segment and future mobile devices, remarking the design constraints. In this scenario, the paper reviews the most relevant technologies and techniques used to design suitable antennas. The investigation analyses the state-of-the-art and most recent advances in the design of antennas operating in the Ku-band. The main contribution of the authors is a novel antenna design approach based on SIW technology. The antenna features are compared with other approaches, highlighting the benefits, advantages and drawbacks. As a conclusion, the proposed antenna demonstrates to be a good solution to meet the design constraints for such an application: light, low cost, small size factor.

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Srilekha, G., P. Pardhasaradhi, B. T. P. Madhav, R. K. N. R. Manepalli, and M. C. Rao. "Design and analysis of 6CB nematic liquid crystal–based rectangular patch antenna for S-band and C-band applications." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 75, no. 10 (October 25, 2020): 863–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2020-0144.

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AbstractThis article presents the design and analysis of 4-hexyl-4′-biphenylcarbonitrile (6CB) nematic liquid crystal (NLC)–based rectangular patch antenna for S-band and C-band communication applications. Two glass substrates with permittivity of 6.4, loss tangent of 0.01 and thickness of 1 mm each with 21 × 25 mm2 and 19 × 19 mm2 dimension has been used, and 0.005 mm air gap has been placed to fill 6CB NLC. A rectangular patch of 10 × 11 mm2 size has been considered over the top substrate to achieve the application specific bands. The designed antenna model-1 with air gap is resonating at 5 GHz (4.01–7.85 GHz) with minimum S11 of −24.2 dB. The proposed antenna model-2 is filled with 6CB NLC in the air gap between glass substrates is resonating at 3.3 GHz (2.61–4.45 GHz) with minimum S11 of −29.75 dB. Antennas of both air gaps filled, and liquid crystal material filled models are fabricated and tested through combinational analyser for validation. The correlation between transmitted and received signals of the antenna models are analysed with time domain analysis by taking the identical antennas in face to face and side by side condition. The simulated results from HFSS electromagnetic tool and fabricated antennas results in chamber are exhibiting good agreement with each other.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Antenna Design and Analysis'

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