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Journal articles on the topic 'Anthelmintics. Parasites'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Abongwa, Melanie, Richard J. Martin, and Alan P. Robertson. "A brief review on the mode of action of antinematodal drugs." Acta Veterinaria 67, no. 2 (2017): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acve-2017-0013.

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Abstract Anthelmintics are some of the most widely used drugs in veterinary medicine. Here we review the mechanism of action of these compounds on nematode parasites. Included are the older classes of compounds; the benzimidazoles, cholinergic agonists and macrocyclic lactones. We also consider newer anthelmintics, including emodepside, derquantel and tribendimidine. In the absence of vaccines for most parasite species, control of nematode parasites will continue to rely on anthelmintic drugs. As a consequence, vigilance in detecting drug resistance in parasite populations is required. Since r

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Martin, R. J., S. Puttachary, S. K. Buxton, S. Verma, and A. P. Robertson. "The Conqueror Worm: recent advances with cholinergic anthelmintics and techniques excite research for better therapeutic drugs." Journal of Helminthology 89, no. 4 (2014): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x1400039x.

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AbstractThe following account is based on a review lecture given recently at the British Society of Parasitology. We point out that nematode parasites cause very widespread infections of humans, particularly in economically underdeveloped areas where sanitation and hygiene are not adequate. In the absence of adequate clean water and effective vaccines, control and prophylaxis relies on anthelmintic drugs. Widespread use of anthelmintics to control nematode parasites of animals has given rise to the development of resistance and so there is a concern that similar problems will occur in humans i

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3

French, Katherine E. "Plant-Based Solutions to Global Livestock Anthelmintic Resistance." Ethnobiology Letters 9, no. 2 (2018): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14237/ebl.9.2.2018.980.

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Anthelmintic resistance in livestock is increasing globally. Livestock intestinal parasites now develop resistance to synthetic anthelmintics within 2–10 years, collectively costing billions of dollars annually in lost revenue around the world. Over-reliance on commercial drugs and dips and changes in livestock management practices are key drivers of this trend. To date, current research has focused on identifying new anthelmintics from bacterial and fungal sources or even synthesizing new drugs that target parasite metabolism or reproduction. Plant-derived anthelmintics are a promising altern

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PRICHARD, ROGER K. "Markers for benzimidazole resistance in human parasitic nematodes?" Parasitology 134, no. 8 (2007): 1087–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003118200700008x.

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SUMMARYBenzimidazole (BZ) resistance is widespread and appears to be readily selected in a variety of nematode parasites of animals. There have been reports of a lack of efficacy of BZ anthelmintics against soil transmitted nematode parasites of humans. However, resistance to BZs in nematodes of humans has not been confirmed. It is difficult to perform tests to confirm anthelmintic resistance in humans for a variety of technical and ethical reasons. The use of anthelmintic drugs for the control of helminth parasites in people is increasing massively as a result of numerous programmes to contro

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MARTIN, R. J., A. P. ROBERTSON, and H. BJORN. "Target sites of anthelmintics." Parasitology 114, no. 7 (1997): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182097001029.

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This paper reviews sites of action of anthelmintic drugs including: (1) levamisole and pyrantel, which act as agonists at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of nematodes; (2) the avermectins, which potentiate or gate the opening of glutamate-gated chloride channels found only in invertebrates; (3) piperazine, which acts as an agonist at GABA gated chloride channels on nematode muscle; (4) praziquantel, which increases the permeability of trematode tegument to calcium and results in contraction of the parasite muscle; (5) the benzimidazoles, like thiabendazole, which bind selectively to parasite

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6

Sangster, N. "Pharmacology of anthelmintic resistance." Parasitology 113, S1 (1996): S201—S216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000077982.

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SUMMARYAnthelmintic resistance has compromised the control of nematode parasites in several animal-based industries. Studies of resistance have not only improved our understanding of this phenomenon but also shed light on physiological systems of parasitic helminths. In addition, research on molecular aspects of anthelmintic resistance may provide selectable markers for use in future transfection studies with helminths. Several anthelmintics act on helminth neuromuscular systems. Drugs such as levamisole are cholinergic agonists and, based on pharmacological studies, levamisole-resistant nemat

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Mirza, Zeynep, Ernesto R. Soto, Yan Hu, et al. "Anthelmintic Activity of Yeast Particle-Encapsulated Terpenes." Molecules 25, no. 13 (2020): 2958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25132958.

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Soil-transmitted nematodes (STN) infect 1–2 billion of the poorest people worldwide. Only benzimidazoles are currently used in mass drug administration, with many instances of reduced activity. Terpenes are a class of compounds with anthelmintic activity. Thymol, a natural monoterpene phenol, was used to help eradicate hookworms in the U.S. South circa 1910. However, the use of terpenes as anthelmintics was discontinued because of adverse side effects associated with high doses and premature stomach absorption. Furthermore, the dose–response activity of specific terpenes against STNs has been

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Mayaki, Abubakar Musa, Fatimah Folashade Mohammed, and Sherifat Banke Idris. "Anthelmintic Resistance and Associated Management Practices in Local Horses in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria." Macedonian Veterinary Review 41, no. 1 (2018): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/macvetrev-2017-0031.

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Abstract This study was carried out to assess the management practices used in the control of gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes of horses and to determine the efficacy of three anthelmintics commonly used in Sokoto metropolis. A questionnaire was administered on management practices, while an anthelmintic efficacy test was carried out using 15 horses. The 15 horses were divided into three groups (A, B and C) comprising of 5 each and treated with albendazole, ivermectin and fenbendazole, respectively. The faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) was used to determine the efficacy and faecal cultur

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9

Wright, Ian. "CPD article: Equine gastrointestinal parasite infections." UK-Vet Equine 4, no. 5 (2020): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ukve.2020.4.5.156.

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Horses can be infected by a wide range of gastrointestinal parasites including roundworms, tapeworms and bot flies. Anthelmintics have formed the basis of intestinal worm control in horses through routine use for many years but the development of anthelmintic resistance now means that strategies are required to limit anthelmintic use while minimising parasitic disease. Pasture and stable hygiene, accurate dosing of horses and faecal testing are all key to reducing anthelmintic use, while not compromising welfare. A fundamental understanding of the parasites involved and communication with clie

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10

Jamieson, S., and F. D. DeB Hovell. "Quebracho (Schinopsis quebracho-colorado) tannin for the treatment of sheep gastrointestinal parasites. Effect on faecal egg counts and lamb growth." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2009 (April 2009): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200028738.

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Farmers have become heavily reliant on anthelmintics for the control of nematode parasites Due to the widespread development of anthelmintic resistance, alternative approaches for control of nematode parasites are needed. Cruden and Hovell (2008) reported that commercial lambs treated with quebracho tannin had reduced faecal egg counts and improved lamb growth. This paper reports a second in vivo study with quebracho tannins at higher dose rates in lambs.

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Max, R. A., A. E. Kimambo, A. A. Kassuku, L. A. Mtenga, and P. J. Buttery. "Tannins: an environmentally friendly method of controlling intestinal parasites in ruminants in the tropics and subtropics?" Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2005 (2005): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200009418.

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Infections caused by the infestation of the gastrointestinal tract with parasitic nematodes are among important factors responsible for poor productivity of livestock including small ruminants. These infections cause significant losses in terms of poor growth, reduced reproductive performance and mortality. Nematode control is routinely by the use of synthetic chemical anthelmintics. However, over-dependency and even misuse of these anthelmintics has resulted in the emergence and spread of nematode populations that are resistant to these pharmaceutical agents. This has led to increases in the

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VOKŘÁL, IVAN, HANA BÁRTÍKOVÁ, LUKÁŠ PRCHAL, et al. "The metabolism of flubendazole and the activities of selected biotransformation enzymes in Haemonchus contortus strains susceptible and resistant to anthelmintics." Parasitology 139, no. 10 (2012): 1309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182012000595.

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SUMMARYHaemonchus contortus is one of the most pathogenic parasites of small ruminants (e.g. sheep and goat). The treatment of haemonchosis is complicated because of recurrent resistance of H. contortus to common anthelmintics. The aim of this study was to compare the metabolism of the anthelmintic drug flubendazole (FLU) and the activities of selected biotransformation enzymes towards model xenobiotics in 4 different strains of H. contortus: the ISE strain (susceptible to common anthelmintics), ISE-S (resistant to ivermectin), the BR strain (resistant to benzimidazole anthelmintics) and the W

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Portella, Luiza Pires, Fagner D'ambroso Fernandes, Luís Antônio Sangioni, et al. "Combination of immunostimulants with moxidectin in the treatment of animals experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 42, no. 2 (2021): 707–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n2p707.

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Considering the importance of Haemonchus contortus infection in herds along with parasitic resistance, the goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of the administration of adjuvants alone or in combination with anthelmintics for the treatment of H. contortus, in experimentally infected sheep. Thirty sheep of the Texel breed of both genders, raised in a herd located in the subtropical region of Brazil, were used in this experiment. Experimental infection with H. contortus was performed in sheep, and the infected sheep were then separated into groups for the administration of antiparasi

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Oliveira, Plínio Aguiar de, Beatriz Riet-Correa, Pablo Estima-Silva, et al. "Multiple anthelmintic resistance in Southern Brazil sheep flocks." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 26, no. 4 (2017): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612017058.

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Abstract Gastrointestinal parasites represent an important cause of reduced productivity of sheep worldwide. As anthelmintic are still the main control tool for these parasites, this work evaluated the efficacy of commercially available active principles in 22 sheep flocks in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In each farm 10 sheep were randomly distributed in seven groups with the following treatments: abamectin; albendazole; closantel; levamisole; monepantel; trichlorphon and no anthelmintic (control). All flocks showed resistance to at least three anthelmintics and in 20 farm

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De Graef, J., E. Claerebout, and P. Geldhof. "Anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal cattle nematodes." Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 82, no. 3 (2013): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/vdt.v82i3.16703.

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Anthelmintic resistance of parasites in small ruminants, cattle and horses is increasing worldwide as a consequence of the over usage of the currently available products. In Belgium, Cooperia oncophora is the most common cattle nematode in which resistance, especially against macrocyclic lactones, occurs. Once resistance has been diagnosed, a change to another drug with a different mode of action is advised. However, effective anthelmintics will be hardly available in the near future. Therefore, it is important that farmers and veterinarians find a balance between achieving good parasite contr

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De Herdt, P., T. Timmerman, P. Defoort, K. Lycke, and R. Jaspers. "Fowl adenovirus infections in Belgian broilers: a ten-year survey." Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 82, no. 3 (2013): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/vdt.v82i3.16704.

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Anthelmintic resistance of parasites in small ruminants, cattle and horses is increasing worldwide as a consequence of the over usage of the currently available products. In Belgium, Cooperia oncophora is the most common cattle nematode in which resistance, especially against macrocyclic lactones, occurs. Once resistance has been diagnosed, a change to another drug with a different mode of action is advised. However, effective anthelmintics will be hardly available in the near future. Therefore, it is important that farmers and veterinarians find a balance between achieving good parasite contr

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17

Good, B., and J. P. Hanrahan. "The effectiveness of copper oxide wire particles as an anthelmintic in purebred Suffolk lambs exposed to a natural nematode challenge post weaning." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2007 (April 2007): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200019980.

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Resistance to nematode parasites of sheep to broad spectrum anthelmintics is one of the main drivers in research on alternative solutions for parasite control. Previous work has shown clear differences between the Suffolk and Texel breeds in susceptibility to gastrointestinal nematode infection (Hanrahan & Crowley, 1999; Good, Hanrahan et al., 2006). The Suffolk being more susceptible to such parasitic infections has implications in the Irish industry where it plays a dominant role as both as a terminal sire and in the genetic makeup of the ewe population. Previous work has shown some bene

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Vaca, Hugo Rolando, Ana María Celentano, María Agustina Toscanini, et al. "The potential for histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors as cestocidal drugs." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 3 (2021): e0009226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009226.

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Background Echinococcosis and cysticercosis are neglected tropical diseases caused by cestode parasites (family Taeniidae). Not only there is a small number of approved anthelmintics for the treatment of these cestodiases, but also some of them are not highly effective against larval stages, such that identifying novel drug targets and their associated compounds is critical. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes are validated drug targets in cancers and other diseases, and have been gaining relevance for developing new potential anti-parasitic treatments in the last years. Here, we present the an

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Várady, M., E. Papadopoulos, M. Dolinská, and A. Königová. "Anthelmintic resistance in parasites of small ruminants: sheep versus goats." Helminthologia 48, no. 3 (2011): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-011-0021-7.

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AbstractAnthelmintic resistance among parasites of sheep and goats has been known to occur for at least four decades. Both species of host have similar genera of nematodes, but the nematodes in goat herds usually develop anthelmintic resistance more rapidly. In vitro tests show higher ED50 values in goats than in flocks of sheep. Sheep and goats differ in many ways; for example, goats have a higher metabolic rate and require higher dose rates for drugs. The immune system of goats is also different. Additionally, these animals are reared under different management systems, i.e. sheep graze past

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Ferreira, Juliana Isabel Giuli da Silva, Hilda Fátima Jesus Pena, Sérgio Santos Azevedo, Marcelo Bahia Labruna, and Solange Maria Gennari. "Occurrences of gastrointestinal parasites in fecal samples from domestic dogs in São Paulo, SP, Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 25, no. 4 (2016): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612016081.

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Abstract Occurrences of gastrointestinal parasites were assessed in fecal samples from 3,099 dogs in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, SP, that were treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of São Paulo Veterinary School. The samples were analyzed using the flotation and centrifugal sedimentation methods. The results were compared with those from previous studies (at different times). The frequency of each parasite was correlated with the dogs’ ages, breeds and gender, as well as the occurrences of diarrhea and the use of anthelmintics, by means of the chi-square or Fisher exac

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ROOS, M. H. "The role of drugs in the control of parasitic nematode infections: must we do without?" Parasitology 114, no. 7 (1997): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182097008986.

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Parasitic helminths (worms) cause serious infectious diseases in humans and domestic animals. Control of these infections relies mostly on chemotherapeutics (the anthelmintics), but resistance has developed against most of these broad-spectrum drugs in many parasite species. These resistant parasites are being used to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance and drug action. This has led to the development of sensitive assays to detect resistant parasites, but this has not delayed the emergence of additional drug resistant parasite populations. Therefore, as development of new dru

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CARLSSON, ANJA M., KENNETH WILSON, and R. JUSTIN IRVINE. "Development and application of a delayed-release anthelmintic intra-ruminal bolus system for experimental manipulation of nematode worm burdens." Parasitology 139, no. 8 (2012): 1086–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182012000406.

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SUMMARYIn order to quantify the impact of parasites on host population dynamics, experimental manipulations that perturb the parasite-host relationship are needed but, logistically, this is difficult for wild hosts. Here, we describe the use of a delayed-release anthelmintic delivery system that can be administered when the hosts can be captured and its activity delayed until a more appropriate period in the host-parasite cycle. Our model system is Svalbard reindeer infected with a nematode parasite, Marshallagia marshalli, which appears to accumulate during the Arctic winter. To determine the

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Campbell, Braden J., Jefferson S. McCutcheon, Antoinette E. Marsh, Francis L. Fluharty, and Anthony J. Parker. "PSV-19 Pasture history and supplementation affects parasite status of naïve lambs in grazing systems." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (2020): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.281.

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Abstract Developing alternative parasite management strategies is critical as anthelmintic resistance continues to be a global concern in small ruminant grazing operations. Converting cropland to pastureland may serve as one strategy to develop parasite free pasture, thus reducing the need for anthelmintic treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of pasture contamination with gastrointestinal parasites and protein supplementation on the mitigation of parasitic infection in grazing lambs. We hypothesized that lambs grazing on newly established pasture (clean) without su

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Kouam, Marc K., Fabrice D. Ngueguim, and Vaia Kantzoura. "Internal Parasites of Pigs and Worm Control Practices in Bamboutos, Western Highlands of Cameroon." Journal of Parasitology Research 2018 (November 21, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8242486.

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Internal parasites are limiting factors to successful, sustainable livestock production. Knowledge on how they are dealt with is important to prevent resistance to anthelmintics. The aim of this study was to describe the internal parasitism of indoor pigs in Bamboutos Division in Cameroon, as well as the attendant worm control practices. Thus, 324 pigs from 50 small scale farms were sampled for feces which were qualitatively and quantitatively examined for parasite eggs, cysts, or oocysts. Data on worm control practices were also collected. The overall prevalence was 74.7% (95 % Confidence Int

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Li, Yuzhi, Alexander Hernandez, Rick Carr, Shelby Dukes, Maria Lou, and Diane DeWitte. "PSVIII-21 Parasite prevalence and fecal egg counts on organic pig farms." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (2020): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.385.

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Abstract Swine parasites present challenges for organic pig farmers and represent suboptimal animal health because the use of synthetic anthelmintics is not allowed. The objective of this study was to investigate prevalence and fecal egg counts (FEC) of three intestinal parasites (Ascaris, Trichuris, and Oesophagostomum) on organic pig farms in the United States. Nine farms across 4 states were investigated. Pigs on all farms were raised within no-confinement facilities, had access to the outdoors or pasture except for one farm that housed sows in a hoop barn, and no use of synthetic anthelmin

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Waller, P. J. "Resistance in nematode parasites of livestock to the benzimidazole anthelmintics." Parasitology Today 6, no. 4 (1990): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-4758(90)90230-2.

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Mansur, F., W. Luoga, D. J. Buttle, I. R. Duce, A. E. Lowe, and J. M. Behnke. "The anthelmintic efficacy of natural plant cysteine proteinases against the equine tapeworm, Anoplocephala perfoliatain vitro." Journal of Helminthology 90, no. 5 (2015): 561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x15000759.

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AbstractPapaya latex has been demonstrated to be an efficacious anthelmintic against murine, porcine, ovine and canine nematode parasites, and even those infecting poultry, and it has some efficacy against rodent cestodes. The active ingredients of papaya latex are known to be cysteine proteinases (CPs). The experiments described in this paper indicate that CPs in papaya latex, and also those in pineapples, are highly efficacious against the equine cestode Anoplocephala perfoliatain vitro, by causing a significant reduction in motility leading to death of the worms. The susceptibility of A. pe

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HUNT, P. W., A. C. KOTZE, M. R. KNOX, L. J. ANDERSON, J. McNALLY, and L. F. LE JAMBRE. "The use of DNA markers to map anthelmintic resistance loci in an intraspecific cross of Haemonchus contortus." Parasitology 137, no. 4 (2009): 705–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182009991521.

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SUMMARYThe use of DNA markers to track the development of anthelmintic resistance in parasites of livestock would allow informed choices for the management of this important problem. We describe a genetic mapping approach for the discovery of DNA markers for anthelmintic resistance in Haemonchus contortus. We crossed a multi-drug resistant field isolate of H. contortus with a well-characterized laboratory strain susceptible to 4 drug classes. The F2 were separately selected with 5 anthelmintics from 4 drug classes, producing drug-resistant populations carrying gene variants derived from both t

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THEODORIDIS (Ι. ΘΕΟΔΩΡΙΔΗΣ), Y., S. FRYDAS (Σ. ΦΡΥΔΑΣ), and E. RIZOS (Η. ΡΙΖΟΣ). "Effect of anthelmintics upon host organism." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 50, no. 3 (2018): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15714.

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To be estimated the effects of anthelmintics to the host, 21 female sheep of various age, breed and weight, which were naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes, were used. These animals were divided into three groups and given per os: in the 1st group, which was composed of 7 sheep, Morantel citrate (tetrahydropyrimidine group) approx. 465 mg/b.w., in the 2nd, which was composed of 8 sheep, Albendazole (benzimidazole group) approx. 300 mg/b.w. and in the 3rd, which was composed of 6 sheep, tap water only and this group was used as control. From these animals, blood samples intrajagul

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Molento, Marcelo B., and Roger K. Prichard. "Effect of multidrug resistance modulators on the activity of ivermectin and moxidectin against selected strains of Haemonchus contortus infective larvae." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 21, no. 3 (2001): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2001000300004.

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Nematode parasites have shown resistance to the anthelmintics, ivermectin and moxidectin, and there is evidence that the over-expression of parasite P-glycoprotein (P-gp) may account, at least in part, for resistance to ivermectin. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the multidrug resistance (MDR) modulators, verapamil, CL 347.099 (an analog of verapamil) and cyclosporin A, would enhance the efficacy of ivermectin and moxidectin against selected strains of Haemonchus contortus using an in vitro larval migration assay. The modulators had no effects on the number of migrating lar

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Mottier, L., L. Alvarez, L. Ceballos, and C. Lanusse. "Drug transport mechanisms in helminth parasites: Passive diffusion of benzimidazole anthelmintics." Experimental Parasitology 113, no. 1 (2006): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2005.12.004.

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Hughes, P. L. "A Novel Application of an Anthelmintic Mixture for Use against Gastrointestinal Parasites of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)." Journal of Parasitology Research 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6024920.

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A mixture of proprietary anthelmintics delivering 0.5 mg/kg moxidectin, 9.06 mg/kg oxfendazole, 15 mg/kg levamisole, and 0.08 mg/kg selenium on bodyweight basis per os to red deer is investigated. On a deer farm with a history of parasite problems, six weaner red deer were treated orally with a 50/50 mixture of Exodus Pour-On and Oxfen C Plus (Ex/Ox) at a dose rate of 1 ml/5 kg bodyweight. Six herd mates were untreated. Eleven days later abomasal worm counts for the untreated deer revealed an arithmetic mean burden of 2,566 Ostertagia-type worms and 300 Trichostrongylus axei. No worms were det

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Hedberg-Alm, Ylva, Johanna Penell, Miia Riihimäki, Eva Osterman-Lind, Martin K. Nielsen, and Eva Tydén. "Parasite Occurrence and Parasite Management in Swedish Horses Presenting with Gastrointestinal Disease—A Case–Control Study." Animals 10, no. 4 (2020): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10040638.

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All grazing horses are exposed to intestinal parasites, which have the potential to cause gastrointestinal disease. In Sweden, there is a concern about an increase in parasite-related equine gastrointestinal disease, in particular Strongylus vulgaris, since the implementation of prescription-only anthelmintics approximately 10 years ago. In a prospective case–control study, parasitological status, using fecal analyses for strongyle egg counts, the presence of Anoplocephala perfoliata eggs and S. vulgaris Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as well as serology for S. vulgaris, were compared between

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Chandrasena, T. G. A. N., H. C. Hapuarachchi, M. Y. D. Dayanath, A. Pathmeswaran, and N. R. de Silva. "Intestinal parasites and the growth status of internally displaced children in Sri Lanka." Tropical Doctor 37, no. 3 (2007): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/004947507781524610.

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The growth status and intestinal parasitic infections among a group of children displaced by war in Sri Lanka was investigated. There was a high prevalence of growth retardation (wasting, stunting and underweight being 41%, 28% and 69.9%, respectively) and intestinal parasitic infections (40.2%) among the study population. Provision of adequate food, purified drinking water, sanitation and broad-spectrum anthelmintics is recommended.

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Herath, H., Sarah Preston, Abdul Jabbar, et al. "Identification of Fromiamycalin and Halaminol A from Australian Marine Sponge Extracts with Anthelmintic Activity against Haemonchus contortus." Marine Drugs 17, no. 11 (2019): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17110598.

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There is an urgent need to discover and develop new anthelmintics for the treatment of parasitic nematodes of veterinary importance to circumvent challenges linked to drug resistant parasites. Being one of the most diverse natural ecosystems, the marine environment represents a rich resource of novel chemical entities. This study investigated 2000 extracts from marine invertebrates, collected from Australian waters, for anthelmintic activity. Using a well-established in vitro bioassay, these extracts were screened for nematocidal activity against Haemonchus contortus — a socioeconomically impo

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Hayes, Collin, Elizabeth Benavides, Malorie Diamond, Trixie L. Wetmore, and Ken Mix. "PSII-37 Determining the possible anthelmintic properties of allicin and pumpkin seed oil for mitigation of anthelmintic resistance found in gastrointestinal nematodes infecting ruminants." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (2019): 217–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.446.

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Abstract Anthelmintics are a widely utilized treatment option for gastrointestinal nematodes infecting ruminants. Recently, these parasites have exhibited increasing resistance towards these drugs. Haemonchus controtus, a gastrointestinal nematode commonly found in small ruminants, has developed resistance towards multiple classes of anthelmintics, leading to huge economic losses worldwide. There are few novel drugs currently being developed, but certain plant-derived products have demonstrated anthelmintic properties when administered in various forms to ruminants. By utilizing these plant pr

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Coulson, Graeme, Jemma K. Cripps, Sarah Garnick, Verity Bristow, and Ian Beveridge. "Parasite insight: assessing fitness costs, infection risks and foraging benefits relating to gastrointestinal nematodes in wild mammalian herbivores." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1751 (2018): 20170197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0197.

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Mammalian herbivores are typically infected by parasitic nematodes, which are acquired through direct, faecal–oral transmission. These parasites can cause significant production losses in domestic livestock, but much less is known about impacts on wild mammalian hosts. We review three elements of parasitism from the host's perspective: fitness costs of infection, risks of infection during foraging and benefits of nutritious pasture. The majority of wildlife studies have been observational, but experimental manipulation is increasing. Treatment with anthelmintics to manipulate parasite load has

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Sinott, M. C., L. L. Dias de Castro, F. L. L. Leite, et al. "Larvicidal activity of Bacillus circulans against the gastrointestinal nematode Haemonchus contortus in sheep." Journal of Helminthology 90, no. 1 (2014): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x14000844.

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AbstractEfficient control of gastrointestinal parasites is necessary in sheep breeding. However, the available chemically based anthelmintics are becoming less effective due to the development of parasite resistance. An alternative to this problem is biological control. In the present study, we tested the larvicidal effect of Bacillus circulans by administering a spore suspension (2 × 109 colony forming units/ml) orally to lambs naturally infected with Haemonchus contortus. The number of faecal larvae was quantified daily and a significant reduction (~87%, P< 0.05) of larval development was

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Smith, L. L. "Combination anthelmintics effectively control ML-resistant parasites; a real-world case history." Veterinary Parasitology 204, no. 1-2 (2014): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.12.020.

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DE LARA, ANA PAULA DE SOUZA STORI, LUCAS BIGOLIN LORENZON, ANA MUÑOZ VIANNA, et al. "Larvicidal activity ofBacillus thuringiensisvar.israelensisCry11Aa toxin againstHaemonchus contortus." Parasitology 143, no. 12 (2016): 1665–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182016001451.

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SUMMARYEffective control of gastrointestinal parasites is necessary in sheep production. The development of anthelmintics resistance is causing the available chemically based anthelmintics to become less effective. Biological control strategies present an alternative to this problem. In the current study, we tested the larvicidal effects ofBacillus thuringiensisvar.israelensisCry11Aa toxin againstHaemonchus contortuslarvae. Bacterial suspensions [2 × 108colony-forming units (CFU) g−1of the feces] ofB. thuringiensisvar.israelensisand recombinantEscherichia coliexpressing Cry11Aa toxin were adde

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Seyoum, Zewdu, Alemu Zewdu, Shimelis Dagnachew, and Basazinew Bogale. "Anthelmintic Resistance of Strongyle Nematodes to Ivermectin and Fenbendazole on Cart Horses in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5163968.

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A study was conducted from November 2015 to April 2016 to determine fenbendazole and ivermectin resistance status of intestinal nematodes of cart horses in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Forty-five strongyle infected animals were used for this study. The animals were randomly allocated into three groups (15 horses per group). Group I was treated with fenbendazole and Group II with ivermectin and Group III was left untreated. Faecal samples were collected from each cart horse before and after treatment. Accordingly, the reduction in the mean fecal egg count at fourteen days of treatment for iverme

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Lifschitz, A., C. Lanusse, and L. Alvarez. "Host pharmacokinetics and drug accumulation of anthelmintics within target helminth parasites of ruminants." New Zealand Veterinary Journal 65, no. 4 (2017): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2017.1317222.

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Lassen, B., and S. M. Peltola. "Anthelmintic resistance of intestinal nematodes to ivermectin and pyrantel in Estonian horses." Journal of Helminthology 89, no. 6 (2014): 760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x14000510.

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AbstractThere is evidence of resistance in horses to anthelmintic treatment using ivermectin and pyrantel. However, little information is available about the parasites, treatment practices or anthelmintic resistance in the horse population in Estonia. In the present study, we examined 41 trotting and riding horses aged < 3 years from four stables in Estonia. Faecal samples were collected, and horses were selected for treatment if the nematode egg count per gram faeces exceeded 200. Horses (n= 32) that shed strongyle-type eggs were treated with pyrantel, whereas Parascaris equorum-positive a

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Gárcia, Carlos M. B., Lew K. Sprenger, Efraín B. Ortiz, and Marcelo B. Molento. "First report of multiple anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of sheep in Colombia." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 88, no. 1 (2016): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620140360.

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This study aimed to report the presence of parasites resistant to the most used anthelmintic drugs in sheep in Colombia. Four farms (denominated farm 1, 2, 3 and 4) were selected where the animals were not treated with anthelmintics for two months before the trial. Animals with faecal egg count (FEC) above 150 and of different ages were allocated into six groups, each consisting of at least 5 animals. The drugs and dosages used were: ivermectin 1% (0.2 mg/kg), albendazole 25% (5 mg/kg), fenbendazole 10% (5 mg/kg), levamisole 10% (5 mg/kg), and moxidectin 1% (0.2 mg/kg). Anthelmintic efficacy w

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Verma, Saurabh, Sudhanva Srinivas Kashyap, Alan Patrick Robertson, and Richard John Martin. "Functional genomics in Brugia malayi reveal diverse muscle nAChRs and differences between cholinergic anthelmintics." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 21 (2017): 5539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1619820114.

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Many techniques for studying functional genomics of important target sites of anthelmintics have been restricted to Caenorhabditis elegans because they have failed when applied to animal parasites. To overcome these limitations, we have focused our research on the human nematode parasite Brugia malayi, which causes elephantiasis. Here, we combine single-cell PCR, whole muscle cell patch clamp, motility phenotyping (Worminator), and dsRNA for RNAi for functional genomic studies that have revealed, in vivo, four different muscle nAChRs (M-, L-, P-, and N-). The cholinergic anthelmintics had diff

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LECOVÁ, L., L. STUCHLÍKOVÁ, L. PRCHAL, and L. SKÁLOVÁ. "Monepantel: the most studied new anthelmintic drug of recent years." Parasitology 141, no. 13 (2014): 1686–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182014001401.

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SUMMARYMonepantel (MOP), a new anthelmintic drug from a group of amino-acetonitrile derivatives, has been intensively studied during last years. Many authors examined this new drug from different perspectives, e.g. efficacy against different species and stages of parasites, mode of action, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, resistance, ecotoxicity, etc. MOP is an anthelmintic for livestock (currently only sheep and goats), with molecular mode of action which is different to all other anthelmintics. MOP has a broad-spectrum of activity against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep, including

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TAPES (Δ. Κ. ΤΑΠΕΣ), D. K., M. E. MYLONAKIS (Μ. Ε. ΜΥΛΩΝΑΚΗΣ), E. PAPADOPOULOS (Η. ΠΑΠΑΔΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ) та A. F. KOUTINAS (Α. Φ. ΚΟΥΤΙΝΑΣ). "Current aspects ση the anthelmintic management of gastrointestinal tapeworms and nematodes in the dog and cat". Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 56, № 2 (2017): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15079.

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Gastrointestinal parasitic infections in dogs and cats are a common problem in the clinical setting. Ascarids, hookworms, whipworms and tapeworms should be eliminated on a regular basis, not only to avoid possible health implications on the host itself, but also for the zoonotic potential of certain helminthes (ascarids, hookworms, Echinococcus spp.). Of the highly efficacious and safe medications that eliminate gastrointestinal helminths, commercially available in Greece are benzimidazoles, macrocyclic lactones, tetrahydropyrimidines and isokinolones. Since puppies, kittens, pregnant and nurs

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SILVA, Pedro Afonso, Mihai CERNEA, and Luís MADEIRA de CARVALHO. "Anthelmintic Resistance in Equine Nematodes – A Review on the Current Situation, with Emphasis in Europe." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 76, no. 2 (2019): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2019.0028.

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Since the introduction of the last equine broad-spectrum anthelmintic group in the 1980’s, the investment in new drugs to control horse’s parasites did not result in new advancements. These drugs allowed a very effective and extensive control of equine nematodes through successful interval dosing programs, firstly introduced in the 1960’s. However, the widespread and indiscriminate use of anthelmintics in these intensive treatments have led to increasing resistance in the major equine nematodes. Reports of reduced effectiveness are virtually worldwide and repercussions in livestock production

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Bibik, Nacheva, and Nesterok. "MICROMORPHOLOGY OF TEGUMENT OF EURYTREMA PANCREATICUM BEFORE AND AFTER ANTHELMINTICS." THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL, no. 22 (May 19, 2021): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6046256-1-3.2021.22.85-90.

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The article describes micromorphological features of the tegument of the trematode of the species Eurytrema pancreaticum (Janson, 1899), Loos, 1907, family Dicrocoelliidae Odhner, 1911. The parasites were collected by dissection of spontaneously infected animals (cattle) with Eurytrema and with formed chronic eurythrematosis. Some of the trematodes were collected from the control group of animals, and some after deworming with anthelmintics. Using histological methods in a comparative aspect with the control, changes in the morphological features of the tegument of Eurytrema after effect of he

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Rahman, M. M., A. Kabir, S. Ahmed, et al. "NITROXYNIL UNCOUPLES OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION IN THE CELL MITOCHONDRIA AND A DRUG WHEREVER INJECTABLES ARE PREFERRED OVER DRENCHES." Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 15, no. 1 (2017): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v15i1.34054.

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In the absence of effective vaccines and because of practical limitations in management options to control the snail intermediate hosts, the control of liver fluke infection and disease in livestock relies heavily on the use of flukicidal anthelmintics. Nitroxynil is a nitrate derivative from benzene compounds and presents a flukicide effect and is commonly used as the one with best spectrum from all the nitrate derivative trematocides. The drug is in fact, a low spectrum anthelmintic effective against fascioliasis, an important parasitic disease caused by flukes like Fasciola hepatica, Fascio

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